2026中考英语二轮复习专题突破精讲本02 专题一 第1讲 动词及动词短语课件

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人教2026中考英语二轮复习 讲解课件
专题突破
专题一　形式多变的动词
第1讲　动词及动词短语
湖北等地适用
第一节　动词的用法及辨析
（完形填空：2025省卷5考，2024省卷4考；短文填空：2025省卷3考，2024省卷3考）
课标知识导图
动词的用法及辨析
动词基本形式
(2025省卷3考,
2024省卷3考)
实义动词
系动词
助动词
情态动词
动词词义辨析
(2025省卷5考,
2024省卷4考)
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动词基本形式(2025省卷3考,
2024省卷3考)
1.动词原形
[例]wear, put
2.第三人称单数
[例]likes, hopes, replies, studies
3.过去式和过去分词
[例]looked, stopped, studied, saw/seen
4.动名词/现在分词
[例]going, writing, singing, getting
实义动词
1.及物动词(后需接宾语)
[例]receive gifts, answer a question, finish the task, give him a ride
2.不及物动词(后无需接宾语)
注意：如接宾语，需加适当的介词
[例]smile at us, arrive at our hotel, sit on the sofa
系动词
1.状态类：be(am/is/are/was/were)
2.感官类：sound, look, taste, smell, feel
[例]I am tall.
[例]The silk feels soft.
3.持续类：keep, stay等
[例]We can keep healthy by exercising often.
4.变化类：turn, become, get等
[例]It rained suddenly and we all got wet.
5.表像类：seem, appear等
[例]Don’t give up your ideas, no matter how strange they seem to be.
助动词
3.do(does/did)用于构成疑问句、否定句；亦可用于肯定句中，用于加强语气
4.shall/will构成一般将来时
[例]She doesn’t keep problems to herself.
[例]I will go ice skating this Sunday.
5.注意：助动词本身没有意义或意义不完整，不可单独作谓语，只能和它后面的动词一起构成谓语，以表示时态、语态、人称和数，还可构成否定、疑问等句型
1.be(am/is/are/was/were)用于构成进行时态及被动语态
[例]She is walking.
[例]My uncle has been to many interesting places.
2.have(has/had)用于构成完成时态
情态动词
详见本专题 第2讲 情态动词
动词词义辨析(2025省卷5考, 2024省卷4考)
对点训练
短文填空微训练
forget　include　matter　shape　taste　visit　wear
1. Cathy usually 　visits　 her grandparents on weekends.
2. Hot pot is popular in China. You can choose to 　taste　 it when you come to China.
visits
taste
3. We should keep in mind that nothing 　matters　 more than people’s safety and health.
matters
forget　include　matter　shape　taste　visit　wear
4. The book 　includes　 information about many animals. It is enjoyed by many children.
5. Mr.Li always reminds us not to 　forget　 to check our papers before handing them in.
includes
forget
6. Li Lin 　wore　 a red dress yesterday. It was given by her dad and it was her favourite dress.
7. Sarah takes every step in her life seriously, because each choice she makes today can 　shape　 her future.
wore
shape
（完形填空：2025省卷5，2024省卷9）
第二节　动词短语
知识梳理
介词 /副词 词典词义 常考短语
about 关于 care about关心；在意　　　hear about听说
know/learn about了解 talk about谈论
think about 思考；思索 worry about担心
介词 /副词 词典词义 常考短语
at 向，朝着 look at看…… point at 指着
throw at投向，掷向 shout at对……大喊
在（某处） arrive at到达（小地方）　 knock at敲
介词 /副词 词典词义 常考短语
away （时间或空间上）离开（某距离） throw away扔掉　　　　　take away夺去；拿走
stay away远离 go away消失
在别处 move away搬走 put away收起
离开，不在 pass away去世
介词 /副词 词典词义 常考短语
back 回原处 come back回来；返回　　　 get back回来
give back归还 go back回去
回应 call （sb.） back （给某人）回电话
talk back回嘴；顶嘴
回想，回忆 bring back恢复；使想起；归还
介词 /副词 词典词义 常考短语
down 往下，向下 fall down倒塌；突然倒下；跌倒　　　　　　
write down写下；记录下 lie down躺下
take down拆除；往下拽；记录
减少，减 弱，降低 break down停止运转；出故障 slow down减速
turn down拒绝 cut down砍倒
介词 /副词 词典词义 常考短语
from 表示“分离” 或“去除” separate from分离；隔开　　 　　　　　　　
keep away from远离
run away from逃离
stay away from远离；不接近
来自，源于 come from 来自
hear from接到（某人的）信、电话等
介词 /副词 词典词义 常考短语
off 未连接； 不工作 shut off关闭；停止运转　　 put off推迟
break off中止；折断
go off （闹钟）发出响声
表示“除去 了某物” keep off不接近
pay off偿清（欠款等）；成功；奏效
take off脱下（衣服）；（飞机等）起飞
cut off切除
介词 /副词 词典词义 常考短语
off 其他 get off 下车
set off点燃；使……爆炸
show off炫耀
give off发出；放出（光、热等）
介词 /副词 词典词义 常考短语
on 表示“持续性” carry on继续开展　　 go on 继续
come on快点儿 work on从事于……
hold on 等一等（别挂电话）；抓住
keep on继续　　
介词 /副词 词典词义 常考短语
on 登上；开始 get on上车　　　　　　　　　　　　　
turn on接通（电流、煤气、水等）；打开
由……支撑着 depend on依靠；信赖　　　　 　 　
live/feed on以……为食
其他 call on号召　　　　　　　 fix on选定
put on增加（体重）；发胖 try on试穿
介词 /副词 词典词义 常考短语
out （从……里） 出来 find out查明；弄清　　　 turn out结果是
point out指出 take out拿出；取出
除掉；解决 cut out删去；删除　　　
leave out忽略；不提及
work out算出；解决
put out扑灭
介词 /副词 词典词义 常考短语
out 完全，彻底 run out用光；用尽 give out分发
在外，在外部 hang out闲逛；常去某处　
set out出发；启程
其他 break out突然发生；爆发
carry out执行；开展
介词 /副词 词典词义 常考短语
up 向上；起来 turn up调高（声音）　　　 set up建立
pick up捡起 put up 搭起；举起
wake up 醒来
grow up长大；成熟；成长
cheer up （使）变得高兴；（使）振奋起来
get up 起床；站起
介词 /副词 词典词义 常考短语
up 完全；彻底地 clean up把……收拾干净
eat up 吃完；吃光
use up用完；用光
cut up 切碎
其他 give up 放弃
stay up熬夜
介词 /副词 词典词义 常考短语
with 和；同；跟 play with和……玩　　　　　　　　　　
compare with 与……作比较
communicate with与……交流　　　　　　　　
talk with与……交谈
用，以 begin/start with以……开始
deal with应对；处理
其他 part with放弃、交出（尤指舍不得的东西）
介词 /副词 词典词义 常考短语
for 给，为了，因为 prepare for为……做准备　　　　　　
ask for请求；恳求（给予）
care for照顾，照料；非常喜欢
wait for等待
pay for付费；付出代价
关于 look for寻找；寻求
介词 /副词 词典词义 常考短语
over 彻底；渡过（困难阶段或局面） think over认真考虑 　　
get over克服
对点训练
短文填空微训练
Group 1
across　into　off　out　over　up
8. The quiet lake turned 　into a mirror when the wind stopped completely.
into
9. You mustn’t get 　off the bus until it completely stops. It’s very dangerous.
10. Although it rained heavily， Li Ming managed to show 　up　 for the English speech competition on time.
off
up
11. During the sports meeting， I was asked to give 　out　 food and drinks to teachers and students.
out
across　into　off　out　over　up
12. I used to worry about making friends with new people， but now I’m trying to get 　over　 my shyness.
13. When Adam comes 　across　 some difficult problems he can’t work out， he discusses his ideas with others.
over
across
Group 2
away　about　after　down　on　up
14. The twin brothers take 　after　 each other in looks， but they have different hobbies.
15. Peter tried to cheer 　up　 his friend by inviting him to watch a funny movie.
after
up
16. The basketball team decided 　on　 a new training plan to prepare for the match.
on
17. Before setting a training goal， it’s important for you to think 　 about　 how to start it.
about
away　about　after　down　on　up
18. You’d better put 　away　 your notebooks by subject so that you can find them quickly.
19. It’s normal to have different opinions from our parents. But we should calm 　down　 and have a talk with them.
away
down
综合检测
一、 微完形填空
“Who’s going to deal with the stage setup ” Sarah asked. Mr. Johnson， their stage manager， went to the 　1　 because of a sudden fever. The school art festival was just three days away.
（　A　）1. A. hospital B. park C. school D. theater
“I heard Michael will 　2　 the job，” Emma replied. Michael was known as a shy student who hardly spoke up in class.
（　B　）2. A. try on B. take over C. put up D. pay off
A
B
“But does he know anything about 　3　 stage equipment（设备）？” Sarah asked.
（　D　）3. A. painting B. sending C. selling D. managing
Brown， the headmaster next to her， said， “Michael has 　4　 Mr. Johnson with the stage setup since last term. ”
（　C　）4. A. trained B. treated C. helped D. tested
During rehearsals（排练）， Michael worked silently. While others doubted him， he remained focused on his tasks.
D
C
On the big day, everything seemed perfect 　5　 halfway through the first dance performance—the main lights suddenly went dark. Worry spread quickly. “What is happening ” People started 　6　 in a low voice.
（　B　）5. A. because B. until C. although D. unless
（　A　）6. A. talking B. singing C. reading D. arguing
To Sarah’s surprise， Michael’s voice came through clearly on the backstage radio:“Everyone， stay calm. Dancers， keep your positions.
B
A
Jenny， 　7　 the backup（应急的） power when I count to three.”
（　A　）7. A. turn on B. think about C. connect with D. work for
Within minutes， the lights came back on. People all 　8　 as the show continued without further problems.
（　C　）8. A. waited B. doubted C. cheered D. cried
After the performance， Sarah came to Michael. “That was 　9　! How did you know exactly what to do to solve the problem？”
（　D　）9. A. terrible B. dangerous C. funny D. amazing
A
C
D
Michael smiled, “Mr. Johnson 10 me everything about the equipment.”
（　B　）10. A. lent B. taught C. built D. gave
“We were wrong about you, ” Emma said. “You really proved yourself.”
“Sometimes the quietest people can surprise us the most,” Headmaster Brown said.
B
二、微短文填空
Passage 1
外文素材改编自 180 Days of READING
机会总是留给有准备的人
down　finish　from　in　laugh　make　on　pick
It was a very important day for Ryan—he would make his first public speech. “Everyone will 1. 　pi ck out a book tomorrow. It must be 2. 　finished　 next Friday，” Mr. Larson told his students a week ago， “and then you need to 3. 　make　 a speech about it.”
pick
finished
make
Some books are kept in the school library now. Ryan chose a book he liked 4. 　from　 them. He read it carefully. Then， everything he wanted to share about the book was in his notes. He practiced his speech many times because he didn’t want to be 5. 　laughed　 at.
from
laughed
down　finish　from　in　laugh　make　on　pick
Finally， it was his turn to give the speech. Mr. Larson sat 6. 　down　 in one of the front seats and he gave Ryan an encouraging smile. Then Ryan started his speech.
down
For a moment， Ryan still felt very nervous. But as he carried 7. 　o n　 his speech， his bad feelings were disappearing slowly. He even began to feel comfortable.
on
down　finish　from　in　laugh　make　on　pick
When Ryan stopped speaking， everyone cheered for him in the class. Mr. Larson said,“This is a very well－prepared speech， Ryan. You have done an excellent job!” Ryan took pride 8. 　in　 himself.
In fact， everything will be completed if you make a full preparation. You’ll get a lot!
in
Passage 2
真题同源素材改编自Oxford Discover
舞出自信，拥抱内心光芒
become　come　find　hide　hold　listen　see　wish
Boys and girls，
Today I’d like to share the story of my best friend—Mimosa with you. She has set a good example for me. She was a special girl with a scar（伤疤） on her forehead（额头）.
She grew her hair long to 1. 　hide　 it because she thought it was ugly. “This will surely be helpful，” she thought. But the long hair made it hard for her to 2. 　see　 things clearly and made her fall over often when she walked. This made the other kids laugh， and Mimosa 3. 　became　 more and more silent.
hide
see
became
become　come　find　hide　hold　listen　see　wish
Mimosa lived with her aunt who had been a great dancer. Mimosa loved 4. 　listening　 to her aunt’s dance stories. Mimosa 5. 　wished　 she could dance， but she was afraid that others would laugh at her after hearing her thought.
listening
wished
become　come　find　hide　hold　listen　see　wish
Luckily， as Mimosa got older， her aunt began to teach her to dance. Mimosa 6. 　found　 she was good at it. When she danced， she felt confident（自信的） and she even forgot the scar on her forehead.
found
One day， our school 7. 　held　 a dancing show. Mimosa took part in it and danced in public. She danced so well that everyone cheered. She was so proud of herself. She also realized that confidence doesn’t 8. 　come　 from the looks but from the heart. So let’s learn from the brave and beautiful girl!
That’s all， Thanks!
held
come
become　come　find　hide　hold　listen　see　wish
Thanks!
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