2026中考英语二轮复习专题突破精讲本10 专题二 ★微专题2 名词中考考法及解题技巧课件

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人教2026中考英语二轮复习 讲解课件
专题突破
专题二　需要变形的名词、形容词和副词、代词、数词
★微专题2　名词中考考法及解题技巧
湖北等地适用
名词在完形填空中的考查
2025湖北省卷在完形填空中考查4道名词词义辨析，2024湖北省卷在完形填空中考查5道名词词义辨析。
对点训练
微完形填空
Passage 1
真题同源素材改编自Highlights
科学展上的默契搭档
Emma liked making plans while Jay had many creative ideas but never planned. When their teacher， Mrs. Lee， paired them for the 　1　 fair， Emma felt a bit worried.
（　A　）1. A. science B. history C. maths D. music
A
Jay suggested making a robot 　2　， and Emma agreed. They went to the library to borrow books about robots and kitchen tools. Emma took notes while Jay got ideas from 　3　 in each book.
（　B　）2. A. doctor B. cook C. driver D. farmer
（　A　）3. A. pictures B. lessons C. numbers D. reports
B
A
However， when building the robot， its 　4　 couldn’t hold the pizza properly. Jay came up with the idea of using a suction cup（吸盘）， which worked well.
（　D　）4. A. neck B. leg C. head D. arm
D
Later, when working on the controls, Jay wanted to write the computer 　.5　 right away but didn’t know how. Emma suggested making a simple plan and breaking the programming into 　6　. Jay accepted her idea excitedly.
（　B　）5. A. price B. program C. order D. opinion
（　C　）6. A. results B. styles C. steps D. shapes
B
C
（　D　）7. A. ability B. pressure C. example D. practice
D
At the science fair， their robot drew many people’s attention. Mrs. Lee was amazed and asked how they made it. Emma said Jay had creative ideas and she made plans to put them into 　7　. They really made a great team.
Passage 2
After school， I joined the Writing Club as usual. Miss Lisa asked each of us to find a partner to share the 　1　 that we had finished.
（　D　）1. A. letter B. speech C. diary D. story
My partner was Penny. She seemed worried as she handed her story to me. I didn’t know the 　2　. She always got perfect scores in writing. After I read her story， I found it was familiar to me. Suddenly， a story called Sunny the Brave entered my mind. It matched Penny’s story exactly.
（　C　）2. A. purpose B. secret C. reason D. key
D
C
I asked her with 　3　， “Is your story copied from other books？” Hearing my words， tears（眼泪） ran down her 　4　. At that moment， I remembered my 　5　 as a partner was to help， not to make her feel bad. But what should I say？
（　D　）3. A. sadness B. joy C. excitement D. anger
（　B　）4. A. neck B. face C. nose D. ear
（　B　）5. A. service B. role C. order D. plan
I kept thinking about Penny and her story as I walked home. When I got home, a nice 　6　 came from the kitchen.
D
B
B
（　C　）6. A. taste B. dish C. smell D. menu
C
Dad was cutting vegetables into perfect shapes while Mom was busy with her new creative dish. I realized Mom and Dad had different 　7　， making them a great team. This gave me some inspiration（启发）.
（　D　）7. A. rules B. habits C. hobbies D. skills
The next morning， I found Penny in the classroom. “You mightn’t have a great 　8　 for your story. Well， I have some， but my writing skills are not good.
（　D　）8. A. excuse B. ending C. job D. idea
D
D
I’m happy that both of us realized the importance of good 　10　. Proper communication and better understanding can solve most problems.
（　C　）10. A. ability B. preparation C. teamwork D. honesty
C
What if we work on a story together？ I’m sure we can create something great，” I said. Penny’s eyes lit up with 　9　 and she agreed.
（　B　）9. A. worry B. hope C. pain D. care
B
名词在短文填空中的考查
2025年湖北省卷短文填空考查3道名词，2024年湖北省卷短文填空考查2道名词。主要有以下2种考查角度：①填原形（2025省卷44、45，2024省卷39、43）；②变复数（2025省卷42）。具体解题技巧如下：
填原形（2025省卷44、45，2024省卷39、43）
考向
1
填原形
[例]a racing driver
1.a/an+adj.+可数名词单数(2025省卷44, 2024省卷43)
2.this/that/every/each+可数名词单数
[例]each child
3.用于固定短语或固定搭配中
(2025省卷45, 2024省卷39)
[例]once upon a time
4.某些集合名词形式为单数，意义永远为复数
[例]those people
填原形
5.基数词one+可数名词单数
[例]one book
6.根据上下文语境来判断
[例]I will go for a short trip with other members of my family.
7.“数词+名词(+形容词)”构成复合形容词，中间的名词用单数，单词之间用连字符连接
[例]a five-year-old child
8.some+不可数名词
[例]some soup
填复数（2025省卷42）
考向
2
变复数
1.some/many/several/these/those/few/a few/ both/either/neither/none of/many other+可数名词复数
[例]the next few years
2.固定用法或句型：a pair of/all kinds of+可数名词复数；one of(+the+形容词最高级)+可数名词复数
[例]one of the best ways
3.大于1的基数词+可数名词复数(2025省卷42)
[例]ten years
4.句中有指示填复数的代词
[例]They became friends.
5.结合上下文语境
[例]He could be a good example of his classmates.
6.可数名词复数+and+可数名词复数
[例]apples and bananas
7.结合常识和语境只能用复数形式
[例]trousers, socks, shoes, scissors
8.用于固定短语或固定搭配中
[例]take notes
变复数
知识必背
1. 可数名词变复数的规则
例词 规律
规则变化 year→① 　years　 friend→friends movie→movies 一般情况，词尾直接加-s
face→faces　　　　　house→houses 一般情况，以ce， se， ze等结尾的词，词尾直接加-s
years
例词 规律
规则变化 boy→boys toy→toys 以元音字母加y结尾的词，词尾直接加-s
radio→radios zoo→zoos 以元音字母加o结尾的词，词尾直接加-s
watch→watches bus→② 　buses　 以s，x，sh，ch结尾的词，词尾加-es
baby→③ 　babies　story→stories 以辅音字母加y结尾的词，变y为i加-es
buses
babies
例词 规律
规则变化 knife→④ 　knives　 leaf→leaves 以字母f/fe结尾的词，变f/fe为ve加-s
tomato→⑤ 　tomatoes　hero→heroes 以辅音字母加o结尾的词，有生命的，一般加-es
photo→photospiano→pianos 以辅音字母加o结尾的词，无生命的，一般加-s
knives
tomatoes
例词 规律
不规则变化 sheep→sheep　deer→deer fish→fish（鱼的条数） 单复数同形
man→men　woman→women 特例：human→humans 改a为e型
foot→feet　tooth→teeth　goose→geese 改oo为ee型
例词 规律
不规则变化 child→children 在词尾加-ren
mouse→mice（老鼠） 其他形式
Englishman→Englishmen German→Germans　Chinese→Chinese 表示某国人：变man为men或词尾加-s或不变形
2. 名词变形容词的变化规则
例词 规律
名词变形容词 help→① 　helpful　　　　wonder→wonderful 词尾加-ful
use→② 　useless　 care→careless 词尾加-less
health→healthy sun→③ 　sunny　 名词加-y或双写最后一个辅音字母再加-y
helpful
useless
sunny
例词 规律
名词变形容词 tradition→traditional nature→④ 　natural　 名词加-al（包含去e加-al）
north→⑤ 　northern　south→southern 名词加-ern（表方向）
love→⑥ 　lovely　 friend→friendly 名词加-ly
natural
northern
lovely
例词 规律
名词变形容词 value→⑦ 　valuable　fashion→fashionable 名词加-able（包含去e加-able）
danger→⑧ 　dangerous　fame→famous 名词加-ous（包含去e加-ous）
wood→⑨ 　wooden　gold→golden 名词加-en
valuable
dangerous
wooden
对点训练
一、短文填空微训练
challenge　example　member　neighbor　plant　purpose
1. The success of the club activity needs all 　members’　 efforts. So let’s pull together.
2. This fantastic book about nature answers plenty of questions about 　plants　 and animals.
members’
plants
3. The concern from his 　neighbors　 made Li Lei suddenly feel very warm and burst into tears. He is grateful to them.
4. In Chinese class， our teacher showed us a few 　examples　 of classical poems.
neighbors
examples
challenge　example　member　neighbor　plant　purpose
5. One of the 　purposes　 of making class rules is to create a good learning environment for students.
6. Rose faced many 　challenges　 when she lived in a new country， such as making friends in a different school.
purposes
challenges
challenge　example　member　neighbor　plant　purpose
二、短文填空
Passage 1
［素材改编自新外研七（下）Unit 6］
book dream end experience life
mountain place travel truth trip
In 1640， a man was seriously ill. He had to face the 1. 　end　 of the last trip of his life. Back home， people asked him， “You spent your whole2. 　life　 on the road. Do you regret it？”
end
life
“I walked through many fantastic 3. 　places　 in China，” he replied.
“People say I’m as great as Zhang Qian and Xuanzang. So I have no regrets at all.” This man was Xu Xiake， the greatest 4. 　travel（l）er　 in Chinese history.
places
travel( l )er
book dream end experience life
mountain place travel truth trip
From an early age, Xu dreamed of visiting China’s seas and 5. 　ns . But at the time， it was very difficult to travel far. This didn’t stop him， however. At 22， he set out on his life’s journey. He travelled for about 30 years， and achieved his 6. 　dream　.
mountains
dream
book dream end experience life
mountain place travel truth trip
Xu made many geographical discoveries during his journey. During one of his 7. 　trips　 to Mount Huangshan， he heard that people thought Tiandu Peak was higher than Lianhua Peak. To find out the 8. 　truth　， Xu climbed both peaks（山峰）. He discovered that Lianhua Peak was higher than Tiandu Peak. He was right!
trips
truth
book dream end experience life
mountain place travel truth trip
Xu recorded his travel 9. 　experiences　 in his diary. This later became Xu Xiake’s Travel Notes. Thanks to this 10. 　book　， we can learn about China almost 400 years ago.
“Exploring the unexplored” is the best description of Xu Xiake’s life.
experiences
book
book dream end experience life
mountain place travel truth trip
Passage 2
真题同源素材改编自Evan－Moor Daily Reading Comprehension
谦虚使人进步
fun importance kid lesson look
note pride score subject teacher
When I was in Grade 6， exams were like a piece of cake for me. I could always get high 1. 　scores　 easily. And I remained the top student in all 2. 　subjects　， even when I was in Grade 8.
scores
subjects
I was so proud of myself that I thought I was much smarter than all the other 3. 　kids　 in my class.
kids
fun importance kid lesson look
note pride score subject teacher
As time went by， I was getting lazier. I hardly reviewed 4. 　lesons　， always believing I could do well without studying hard. One day， I hid my deskmate’s notebooks for 5. 　fun　 and saw him get a little worried. But Miss Li noticed it.
lessons
fun
She asked me to stay after class. She walked over to me with a serious 6. 　look　. And then she said knowledge wasn’t for 7. 　pride　. I felt my face turn red and my heart beat fast. She pointed out my problems and gave me some advice. Since then， I’ve understood the 8. 　importance　 of being humble（谦逊的）.
look
pride
importance
fun importance kid lesson look
note pride score subject teacher
Miss Li has truly changed my life. After that day， I decided to follow my 9. 　teacher’s　 advice seriously and worked hard to improve myself. Now I take 10. 　notes　 carefully in class and share them with my classmates. I’ve learned that real wisdom（智慧） comes when we help each other learn， not when we’re too proud to learn.
teacher’s
notes
fun importance kid lesson look
note pride score subject teacher
Thanks!
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