【弯道超车】Unit 5 China and the World 核心语法之现在完成时的被动语态-2026年春仁爱科普版九年级英语下册精讲精练 (含答案解析)

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2026年春仁爱科普版九年级英语下册核心语法精讲精练
Unit 5 China and the World
核心语法：现在完成时的被动语态
一、核心概念
1. 什么是现在完成时的被动语态？
现在完成时：表示动作发生在过去，但与现在有联系
被动语态：主语是动作的承受者
现在完成时的被动语态：表示已经完成的被动动作，且该动作对现在有影响或结果
2. 时间轴图示：
二、结构公式
基本结构：
have/has + been + 过去分词 (p.p.)
具体构成：
主语人称 结构 例句
I/We/You/They have been + p.p. The books have been returned to the library.
He/She/It has been + p.p. The problem has been solved.
否定形式：
have/has + not + been + 过去分词
缩写：haven't been, hasn't been
例：The work has not been finished yet.
疑问形式：
Have/Has + 主语 + been + 过去分词 +
肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + have/has.
否定回答：No, 主语 + haven't/hasn't.
例：Has the report been written
特殊疑问句：
疑问词 + have/has + 主语 + been + 过去分词 +
例：How many trees have been planted
三、使用情景
1. 动作已完成，强调现在的结果或影响
The window has been broken.（窗户被打破了 → 现在还是破的）
All the tickets have been sold out.（票已售完 → 现在买不到了）
2. 动作发生在过去，持续到现在（常与for, since连用）
This house has been lived in for 50 years.（这房子已经被住了50年）
The machine has been used since 2010.（这台机器从2010年就开始使用）
3. 动作发生在不确定的过去
My car has been repaired.（我的车修好了 → 不知何时修的）
The letter has been sent.（信已寄出 → 不知何时寄的）
4. 表示经历或状态（常与ever, never, already, yet连用）
The Great Wall has been visited by millions of people.
This problem has never been discussed before.
The homework has already been finished.
四、时间状语特征
常用时间状语：
时间状语类型 示例 例句
already, yet, just already（已经），yet（还），just（刚刚） The room has just been cleaned.
ever, never ever（曾经），never（从不） Has this film ever been shown here
for + 时间段 for two weeks/years The museum has been closed for two weeks.
since + 时间点 since 2018, since last Monday This bridge has been used since 1998.
recently, lately recently（最近），lately（近来） Many trees have been planted recently.
so far, up to now so far（到目前为止） So far, no decision has been made.
特别注意：
for接时间段，since接时间点
already用于肯定句，yet用于否定句和疑问句
五、句法转换
主动变被动三步法：
找宾语：主动句的宾语 → 被动句的主语
变谓语：have/has + p.p. → have/has been + p.p.
加by短语：动作执行者前加by（可省略）
转换对比表：
主动语态 被动语态
We have finished the work. The work has been finished.
They have built a new school. A new school has been built.
Have you cleaned the room Has the room been cleaned
Someone has told him the news. He has been told the news.
六、特殊句型处理
1. 双宾语动词的被动语态
主动：Someone has given me a gift.
被动1：I have been given a gift.
被动2：A gift has been given to me.
常见双宾动词：
give, show, send, bring, lend, tell, teach, buy, make等
2. 短语动词的被动语态
必须保持短语动词的完整性
主动语态 被动语态
They have turned off the lights. The lights have been turned off.
We have taken good care of the children. The children have been taken good care of.
常见短语动词：
turn on/off, look after, take care of, put on, take off等
3. 含情态动词的现在完成时被动（较少用）
表示对过去的推测
The door might have been locked.
He must have been told the news.
七、常见错误提醒
1、遗漏been（最高频错误）
The work has done.
The work has been done.
2、have/has用错
He have been invited to the party.
He has been invited to the party.
3、时间状语矛盾
The building has been built last year.（last year是过去时间）
The building was built last year.（用一般过去时被动）
4、不规则动词错误
The letter has been wrote.
The letter has been written.
5、短语动词介词遗漏
The children have been looked well.
The children have been looked after well.
6、否定词位置错误
The work has been not finished.
The work has not been finished.
1．Great progress ________ in the research of computers in the past twenty years.
A．will be made B．was made C．has been made D．is made
2．GPS has finding out our position and studying the shape of the earth.
A．used to B．be used to C．been used to D．been used for
3．——Have you bought the best-sell book in the store near our school
——Yes, I _____ it three days ago,but I hear that they ________
A．have bought, sell out B．bought, have been sold out
C．bought, have sold out D．have had, have been sold out
4．一_______ the sports meeting might be put off(推迟).
一Yes, it all depends on the weather.
A．I told B． I've told
C．I've been told D．I'm told
5．The train _____ because of an accident; many passengers are now waiting anxiously at the railway station.
A．has been delayed B．delayed
C．has delayed D．had been delayed
6．—Do you need any help
—No, thanks. We ______________ a lot of support since last year.
A．have offered B．have been offered
C．were offered D．were offering
7．5G cell phones in most cities in China since two years ago.
A．have provided B．were providing
C．were provided D．have been provided
8．Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge ______ already. However, we don't know what time it will be open to traffic.
A．is built B．was built C．will be built D．has been built
9． —Tony as well as his classmates ____ going to the concert this weekend.
—But more than 80 percent of the tickets ____ sold out.
A．is; have been B．are; have been
C．is; has been D．will be; have
10．Some eggs and a glass of milk ____ the Frenchman.
A．have been brought to B．has been brought to
C．have been brought D．has been brought
11．All he preparations for the task _______, and we are ready to start.
A．completed B．to be completed
C．are to complete D．have been completed
12． —It is reported that International search and rescue (救援) teams have rushed to Turkey to help for the huge earthquakes.
—An 82-member China Search and Rescue Team ____ there as well.
A．sends B．was sent
C．has been sent D．has sent
13． — Look! Jiefang Boulevard is so beautiful at this time of the year.
— Exactly. Lots of trees and flowers on both sides of the road ____ since last year.
A．planted B．were planted
C．have been planted D．have planted
14．—Have you ever been by others on April lst
—Yes, I have.
A．fool B．fools C．fooled D．foolled
15．-Our city looks more beautiful!
-Yes. Lots of trees and grass ______ since last year.
A．have been planted B．are planted
C．will be planted D．were planted
16． -- Lily, will you go to Jenny's birthday party this Saturday
-- I'm not sure. Because I so far.
A．have invited B．wasn't invited
C．haven't been invited D．will be invited
17．—The public places，such as restaurants and cinemas, ____ because of COVID—19 from then on.
—I'm sorry to hear that.
A．have been closed B．have closed C．closed
18．Two wide roads ___in that small mountain village in the past two years.
A．were built B．are built
C．have been built D．had been built
19．Many books on science _____ since I went to college.
A．were bought B．have been bought
C．will be bought D．are bought
20．In some cities, something _______ to stop the sale of live poultry（活禽）during the past weeks.
A．will do B．have done C．has been done D．will be done
21．So far, most of the work _______ by others, it's your turn to do the rest of it.
A．has finished B．finished
C．has been finished D．is finished
22． I really hope it will be sunny this weekend because our sports meeting ____ twice.
A．will put off B．is putting off
C．has been put off D．has put off
23．Miss White said she ____ some beautiful coats in the shop.
A．had been show B．has been shown
C．had been shown to D．had been shown
24．By now, tons of robots ________ to help the farmers with heavy work.
A．are produced B．were produced
C．will be produced D．have been produced
25．— Will you attend the meeting this afternoon
— But I __________ anything about it yet.
A．wasn't told B．haven't been told
C．didn't tell D．won't tell
26． All the difficulties of the work ____already.We can move to the next step.
A．will be overcome B．have been overcome C．were overcome
27．This is one of my favorite TV dramas that __________ this year.
A．has been shown B．have been shown C．have shown
28．—Can you sing this English song
—Of course. It ____ many times on the radio.
A．has been taught B．has taught C．is taught
29． —Your books ____ at my house for several months. Do you still want them
—Oh, I'll get them back when I'm free.
A．are left B．have been left
C．were left D．will be left
30．— Will you take part in the football game on Sunday afternoon
— Yes, but it has been ________because of the rain.
A．refused B．controlled C．cancelled D．served
31．Some of the swamps have become ________.
A．polluting B．to pollute C．pollute D．polluted
32．— Dad, may I go out with my friends
— Unless your homework .
A．has been finished B．has finished
C．finishes D．will finish
33．Since Jan 1, 2016, married couples _____ to have two children.
A．have allowed B．have been allowed
C．allowed D．were allowed
34．The Chinese Spring Festival has been ________ on the list of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
A．included B．praised C．improved D．provided
35． Mr. Brown ____ take the medicine twice a day.
A．has told B．has been told to
C．has been told D．has be told to
36． Since Jan 1，2016, married couples ____to have two children.
A．have allowed B．have been allowed C．allowed
37．The peaches in this village are very delicious. so far, they ________ .
A．sell out B．sold out
C．have been sold out D．have sold out
38．Recently a new community library _______ and will be open to the public soon.
A．is built B．was built C．has been built D．will be built
39．So far, most of the work by others, it's your turn to do the rest of it.
A．finished B．has finished
C．has been finished D．is finished
40．3D printing (打印) technology ______ in people's daily life these days.
A．has used B．used C．has been used D．was used
41．The new dictionaries are very useful. They _______ well and _______ already.
A．sell; have been sold out B．sold; had sold out
C．sell; sell out D．are sold; have been sold out
42．—What's new on Weibo
—An AI system. It ________ to help missing children in the past few years.
A．was used B．is used C．will be used D．has been used
43．Since two years ago, all kinds of after—school services __________for students in our school.
A．has provided B．is providing C．has been provided
44．He has been deeply by his father.
A．influenced B．influence C．affect D．effect
45．The Shanghai Disneyland Plan by the city government. It will be the first Disneyland Amusement Park in mainland China.
A．passed B．has passed
C．has been passed D．were passed
46．—Has anyone taught him how to do it
—Sure. Plenty of advice_______, but he hasn't made a decision.
A．gave B．have been given C．has been given
47． —In recent years, smart city technologies such as online maps, Al and Internet of things, ____ in many places in China.
—Yes. Our city life is becoming smarter and easier.
A．used B．were used
C．have used D．have been used
48．More patients ______ in the hospital this year than last year.
A．treated B．have treated
C．had been treated D．have been treated
49．Many more houses ________ for teachers since last year.
A．are building B．built
C．have built D．have been built
50．So far, most of the things ____ by the workers. They will finish all of them soon.
A．have done B．have been done
C．did D．was done
参考答案及试题解析
1．C
2．D
【解析】句意：GPS已经被用于找到我们的位置，研究地球的形状。be used for doing……用来……。故选D。
【点评】考查固定搭配，现在完成时的被动语态。
3．B
【解析】句意：—你购买了我们学校附近那家书店里的畅销书了吗？—对，我3天之前买的，但我听说他们已经卖空了。从时间状语three days ago可以看出这里应该用一般过去时；第二个分句中的they指的是畅销书，它是动词sell out 的承受着，所以要用被动语态。所以选B。
【点评】考查动词的时态和语态。
4．C
【解析】由the sports meeting might be put off(推迟)运动会将被推迟可知这个消息我是被告知的，故用被动语态.句意：我已经被告诉运动会可能被推迟—-是的，它都是取决于天气。结合语境可知选C。用完成时的被动语态。
【点评】考查动词的时态。
5．A
【解析】句意：因为一起事故，火车晚点了。许多乘客现在正在火车站焦急地等待着。根据后半句are now waiting可知火车晚点是已经发生的事情，故用现在完成时，delay推迟；延期，与主语构成被动关系，故选A。
【点评】现在完成时的被动语态。
6．B
【解析】句意：——你需要帮助吗？——不，谢谢。自去年以来，我们得到了许多支持。offer提供。have offered现在完成时；have been offered现在完成时的被动语态；were offered一般过去时的被动语态；were offering过去进行时。主语“We”与动词offer之间是动宾关系，此处用被动语态，结合题干中“since last year”可知要用现在完成时。现在完成时的被动语态结构为have/has been offered。故选B。
【点评】考查现在完成时的被动语态。注意根据语境选择正确的时态和语态。
7．D
【解析】句意： 两年前，中国大部分城市开始提供5G手机。provide提供，动词；since+过去时间和现在完成时连用，此处5G cell phones 的provide的动作承受者，所以此处是现在完成时的被动语态，用have/has been done结构，故选D。
【点评】考查现在完成时的被动语态，注意根据语境选择正确的时态和语态。
8．D
9．A
【解析】句意：——托尼和他的同学们这个周末要去听音乐会。——但是超过80%的门票已经售完。根据时间状语this weekend，可知要用一般将来时：be going to+动词原形或will+动词原形，主语后面由as well as引出短语时，遵循就远原则，与Tom在人称和数上一致，be动词要用is；由but和sell out可知超过80%的门票已经售完。过去的动作对现在产生的结果，用现在完成时，tickets与sell out是被动关系，用现在完成时的被动语态has/have been+过去分词，主语more than 80 percent of the tickets ，复数，助动词用have，故选A。
【点评】考查一般将来时和现在完成时的被动语态的用法和构成。根据时间状语和句子结构及主语和动词的关系，确定时态和语态，同时注意主谓一致。
10．A
【解析】句意： 一些鸡蛋和一杯牛奶已经被送给法国人。谓语动词bring和主语一些鸡蛋和一杯牛奶，是被动关系，主语是名词复数，故谓语动词是have been done的基本形式，bring to sb ，固定搭配，给某人，故选A。
【点评】考查被动语态，注意主谓一致和bring to sb的用法。
11．D
【解析】句意：任务的所有准备工作已经完成了，我们正准备开始。根据后一句可知用现在完成时，preparation与complete构成被动关系，故选D。
【点评】考查现在完成时的被动语态。
12．C
【解析】句意：——据报道，国际搜救队已赶往土耳其协助大地震。——一支82人的中国搜救队也已被派往那里。分析句子可知An 82-member China Search and Rescue Team ____是主语和谓语动词，且主语和谓语是动宾关系，可知要用被动语态。根据原句have rushed及as well，可知要用现在完成时的被动语态。故选C。
【点评】考查被动语态。仔细阅读题干理清句子的时态和语态。
13．C
【解析】句意：——你看！解放大道这个时节多美啊。——没错。从去年开始，路两边就种了很多树和花。A过去时，B一般过去时被动语态，C现在完成时被动语态，D现在完成时，since是现在完成时标志，动词和主语flowers是被动关系，表示被种植，故用现在完成时被动语态，故选C。
【点评】考查时态，语态，注意识记现在完成时被动语态的用法。
14．C
【解析】句意：——你有没有在4月1日被别人骗过？——是的，我有。A.fool愚弄，欺骗，动词；B.fools，动词第三人称单数形式；C.fooled过去分词；D.foolled表达错误。根据句子结构分析，此处为现在完成时的被动语态，have been+动词过去分词，故选C。
【点评】考查现在完成时的被动语态。注意识记现在完成时被动语态结构。
15．A
【解析】根据 since last year可知，本句应该是现在完成时。本句的意思是“自从去年，许多树和草被种了。”所以本题选A。
【点评】本题考查两个方面，一个是现在完成时，一个是被动语态。本题只要判断正确时态就可以选择正确答案。
16．C
【解析】句意：——莉莉，这个周六你参加詹尼的生日派对吗 ——我不确定，因为我目前为止还没有被邀请。主语是动作的承受者，所以用被动语态;so far，现在完成时的标志词，故选C
17．A
【解析】句意：公共区域如餐厅和电影院，自那以后因为新冠而被关闭了。A，已经被关闭，B，已经关闭；C，关闭。根据from then on从那时起可知该句应当使用现在完成时态，主语the public places公共场所与谓语动词close关闭之间构成的是被动的关系，最终采用现在完成时态的被动语态结构have been closed，故选A。
【点评】考查时态和语态，注意识记现在完成时态的被动语态结构。
18．C
【解析】句意：在过去的两年里，那个小山村修建了两条宽阔的道路。根据语境及题干关键信息in the past two years(在过去的年里)，这个时间状语多与现在完成时态连用；题干主语roads和谓语动词build(修建)之间是被动关系，因此设空处应用现在完成时态的被动语态，表“被修建”。A项是一般过去时态的被动语态；B项是一般现在时态的被动语态；D项是过去完成时态的被动语态；均不符合题意。故选C。
【点评】考查现在完成时的被动语态的基本构成。解答此题的关键，根据语境和题干关键信息词，来判断和选用合适的时态和语态。
19．B
【解析】句意： 自从我上大学以来，买了许多关于科学的书。since是现在完成时标志，主语book和谓语动词buy是被动关系，故是现在完成时被动语态，have been done的形式，故选B。
【点评】考查时态语态，注意现在完成时被动语态的用法。
20．C
【解析】句意：在一些城市，在过去的一周中已经采取了一些措施在阻止活禽销售了。结合语境可知本句描述的是现在已经完成的动作，主语是动作对象，故用被动语态，选C。
【点评】英语中的时态主要是借助于时间状语与上下文语境来进行判断。解答此类题型，首先要注意句子中的时间状语，如果没有则要通过分析上下文，结合语境来判断句子的时态。语态的判断主要是确定句子主语与谓语动词的关系。如果是主动关系则用主动语态，反之如果是动宾关系，则用被动语态，尤其要注意一些特殊动词的用法。
21．C
【解析】句意：到目前为止，大部分工作已经由别人完成了，该你做其余部分了。结合语境可知本句描述的是现在已经完成的动作，故用现在完成时态，主语是动作对象，故用被动语态。选C。
【点评】英语中的时态主要是借助于时间状语与上下文语境来进行判断。解答此类题型，首先要注意句子中的时间状语，如果没有则要通过分析上下文，结合语境来判断句子的时态。语态的判断主要是确定句子主语与谓语动词的关系。如果是主动关系则用主动语态，反之如果是动宾关系，则用被动语态，尤其要注意一些特殊动词的用法。
22．C
【解析】句意： 我真的希望这个周末能是晴天，因为我们的运动会已经被推迟了两次。 will put off 一般将来时，表示将来某个时间会推迟某事；is putting off 现在进行时，表示正在推迟某事；has been put off 现在完成时态的被动语态，表示某事已经被推迟了；has put off 现在完成时态的主动语态，表示某人已经推迟了某事。空处为because遇到的原因状语从句的谓语，主语sports meeting与动词短语put off之间为被动关系，且此处隐含对现在所造成的影响——运动会还未举办，故空处谓语应用现在完成时的被动语态。故选C。
【点评】考查时态（现在完成时的被动语态）。注意：在解答时态相关题目时，首先，要仔细审题，在题干中寻找标志性的时间状语。时间状语是判断时态的重要依据。如果题目所给题干是主从复合句，考生需要根据主从句时态相呼应的原则来判断时态。在时间、条件等状语从句中，通常用一般现在时表示一般将来时，用现在完成时表示将来完成时。同时，要正确认定主句动词及从句动词两个动作发生的先后时间，并认真体会命题者所给出的语境。认真阅读题干，理解句子的整体意义，捕捉题干中对动作发生时间所隐含的信息。可以把语境中比较完整的句子中的动词或另一个相关动词所发生的时间作为参照时间，再把选项中的动词与它作比较，看看它所表示的动作是发生在参照时间之前、之后还是正在进行，从而确定选用什么时态。
23．C
【解析】句意： 怀特小姐说她在商店有人给她展示了一些漂亮的外套。主句时态是一般过去时，故宾语从句是过去完成时，show sth to sb，向某人展示某物，故选C。
【点评】考查时态，注意过去完成时和show sth to sb的用法。
24．D
25．B
【解析】句意：今天下午你要参加这个会议吗？——但是还没有人告诉我这件事情。结合语境可知下文描述的是持续到现在的动作，故用现在完成时态。句子主语是动作对象，故用被动语态。选B。
【点评】英语中的时态主要是借助于时间状语与上下文语境来进行判断。解答此类题型，首先要注意句子中的时间状语，如果没有则要通过分析上下文，结合语境来判断句子的时态。语态的判断主要是确定句子主语与谓语动词的关系。如果是主动关系则用主动语态，反之如果是动宾关系，则用被动语态，尤其要注意一些特殊动词的用法。
26．B
【解析】句意：工作中的所有困难都已经克服了，可以进行下一步了。A将来时被动语态，B现在完成时被动语态，C一般过去时被动语态，already是现在完成时标志，故用have been overcome，故选B。
【点评】考查时态，语态，注意识记现在完成时被动语态的用法。
27．B
【解析】句意：这是今年放映的我最喜欢的电视剧之一。考查被动语态。A. has been shown被放映；B. have been shown被放映；C. have shown放映。此处作定语从句的谓语，先行词my favorite TV dramas作从句的主语，和谓语动词show之间构成被动关系，应该用被动语态be done，所以排除C；又主语my favorite TV dramas是复数，应该用have，故答案选B。
【点评】考查现在完成时的被动语态，注意识记have been done 的用法。
28．A
【解析】句意：——你能唱这首英文歌吗？——当然，这首英文歌已经在收音机上教过好多次了。根据many times可知，表示“过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响”，用现在完成时have/has done。排除C。It指的是音乐，音乐和教之间为被动关系，故答案选A。
【点评】考查现在完成时态中的被动，注意被动的构成be done。
29．B
【解析】句意：——你的书在我家放了好几个月了。你还想要吗？——我有空的时候会拿来的。be left，被留下，被动语态；are left一般现在时的被动语态；have been left现在完成时的被动语态；were left一般过去时的被动语态；will be left一般将来时的被动语态。根据for several months可知是表示从过去直持续到现在的状态，用现在完成时，故答案为B。
【点评】考查现在完成时的被动语态。理解句意并识记现在完成时和被动语态的用法，掌握现在完成时的被动语态的构成。
30．C
【解析】A.refused拒绝；B.controlled控制；C.cancelled取消；D.served服务；句意：你将参加星期六下午的足球比赛吗？--是的，但是因为下雨已经被取消了。has been +动词的过去分词为现在完成时的被动语态，故选C。
31．D
【解析】句意：一些沼泽地被污染了。become是系动词，其后应是形容词，故排除B和C，pollute与swamps是被动关系，故用polluted，被污染了的，故选D。
【点评】考查过去分词，注意被动语态的用法。
32．A
【解析】句意： —爸爸，我可以和朋友出去吗？—除非你的作业已经完成了。主语是“your homework”，应该是被完成，用被动语态，排除B、C和D。故选A。
【点评】考查动词时态和语态的用法。
33．B
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：自从2016年1月1日，结婚的夫妇被允许生两个孩子。被动语态结构be+过去分词，现在完成时态的结构have/has+过去分词，since自从—，用于现在完成时态，结婚夫妇被允许生两个孩子，所以应用被动语态。A. have allowed 是现在完成时态但不是被动语态；C. allowed 是过去时态； D. were allowed是过去时态的被动语态； B. have been allowed是现在完成时态的被动语态。故选B。
【点评】此题考查现在完成时的被动语态。熟记各个时态被动语态的构成。
34．A
【解析】句意：中国春节已被列入人类非物质文化遗产名录。included包括，列入；praised赞扬；improved改善；provided提供。根据"The Chinese Spring Festival has been…on the list of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity."的语境并结合选项可知，此处指中国春节已被列入人类非物质文化遗产名录，A项符合。故选A。
【点评】考查动词辨析。此题的关键必须理解题干的基本含义，尤其是解释部分，然后根据选项的提示选择正确答案。
35．B
【解析】句意：布朗先生已经被告诉吃这药一天两次。A现在完成时态的主动语态，B是现在完成时态的被动语态，C是现在完成时态的被动语态，D是形式错误。应该是been，布朗先生被告诉一天吃这药两次，句子是被动语态，时态是现在完成时态，现在完成时态的被动语态的结构是have/has+动词的过去分词。tell sb. to do sth.是固定搭配，被动结构是be told to do sth.，B符合题意，故选B。
【点评】考查被动语态。注意现在完成时态的被动语态的结构和tell sb. to do sth.的被动结构。
36．B
【解析】句意：自2016年1月1日起，已婚夫妇可以生育两个孩子。A.现在完成时。B.现在完成时的被动语态。C.一般过去时。根据原句时间状语Since Jan 1，2016，可知是现在完成时。分析句子主语couples与选项谓语动词allow是逻辑上的动宾关系。要用现在完成时的被动语态。故选B。
【点评】考查现在完成时的被动语态。根据时间状语判断时态。分析主谓关系判断语态。
37．C
【解析】句意：这个村子的桃子非常好吃到目前为止，它们已被卖完了。so far用于现在完成时，而根据句意，应为被动语态，故选C。
【点评】考查动词被动语态，理解句意，选出很容易。
38．C
【解析】句意：最近新建了一个社区图书馆而且不久将向公众开放。根据句子and will be open to the public soon可知，图书馆已经修建完工，修建的动作发生在过去，但强调对现在的影响，所以用现在完成时。句子的主语library是动作的承受者，所以用被动语态，现在完成时被动语态的构成是：主语+have/has been+动词的过去分词。本句主语是a new community library单数形式，所以助动词用has，结合所给选项，故答案为C。
【点评】考查现在完成时的被动语态。掌握被动语态的构成和用法。
39．C
【解析】句意：到目前为止，大部分工作已经由别人完成了，该你做其余部分了。结合语境可知本句描述的是现在已经完成的动作，故用现在完成时态，主语是动作对象，故用被动语态。选C。
【点评】英语中的时态主要是借助于时间状语与上下文语境来进行判断。解答此类题型，首先要注意句子中的时间状语，如果没有则要通过分析上下文，结合语境来判断句子的时态。语态的判断主要是确定句子主语与谓语动词的关系。如果是主动关系则用主动语态，反之如果是动宾关系，则用被动语态，尤其要注意一些特殊动词的用法。
40．C
【解析】句意：如今3D打印技术已经用于人们的日常生活。根据"these days"可知，该技术在过去某个时间点开始被使用并持续至今，故使用现在完成时态，其结构为have/has done，主语3D printing (打印) technology与选项核心词use之间为被动关系，故需现在完成时的被动语态，其结构为have/has been done，主语为单数，助动词用has，故选C。
【点评】考查现在完成时的被动语态。注意根据语境判断句子的时态和语态。
41．A
【解析】句意：这本新词典很有用。它们销得不错，已经卖光了。sell well销售很好，说明主语特征，用主动表被动；sell out卖光，与they构成被动关系；already是现在完成时的标志。故选A。
【点评】考查现在完成时的被动语态。
42．D
43．C
【解析】句意：从两年前开始，我们学校为学生提供了各种各样的课后服务。has provided提供，现在完成时；is proving现在进行时，提供；has been provided现在完成时的被动语态。 根可Since two years ago可知句子用现在完成时， 句子的主语是谓语动词的承受者，句子用被动语态，故答案为C。
【点评】考查现在完成时的被动语态。注意识记现在完成时的被动语态的构成和用法。
44．A
【解析】句意：他被他的爸爸深深地影响了。be influenced by sb.意为“受某人影响”,是被动语态。affect影响，是动词原形；effect影响，是名词。此处用过去分词构成被动语态，故答案选A。
【点评】考查现在完成时的被动语态。
45．C
【解析】句意：上海迪斯尼乐园计划已经由市政府通过了。它将是中国大陆第一个迪斯尼乐园。根据句意及题干分析此题考查被动语态。由句意可知此处应用被动语态，又由于主语The Shanghai Disneyland Plan 是单数，故选C。
46．C
【解析】句意：——有人教过他怎么做吗？——当然。已经给了很多建议，但是他还没有做出决定。根据advice与 give之间构成被动关系，应用被动语态；结合语境，本句强调“很多建议已经被提出，但是他还没有做出决定”，but连接两个句子，后面句子时态为现在完成时态，故此处选择完成时态，强调其影响；advice 为不可数名词，谓语动词需用第三人称单数。综上，has been given 符合题意。故答案为D。
【点评】考查现在完成时的被动语态。注意掌握不同时态的被动语态用法及构成。
47．D
【解析】句意：——近年来，在线地图、人工智能和物联网等智慧城市技术在中国的许多地方都得到了应用。——是的。我们的城市生活正变得更加智能和方便。A过去时，B一般过去时被动语态，C现在完成时，D在完成时的被动语态，根据In recent years，可知是现在完成时，主语是smart city technologies，与谓语动词use之间存在被动关系，因此设空处填现在完成时的被动语态。故选D。
【点评】考查动词的时态和语态。注意识记在完成时的被动语态的用法。
48．D
【解析】句意：今年这家医院治疗的病人比去年多。patient与treat之间构成被动关系，故用被动语态，因此排除AB；C是过去完成时，表示过去的过去，不符合句意，因此选D。
【点评】考查现在完成时的被动语态。
49．D
【解析】句意：自去年以来，为教师建造了更多的房屋。根据houses与build之间是被动关系，被建，要用被动语态；由一段的时间状语since last year，要用现在完成时的被动语态have/has+been+过去分词，主语houses，复数，要用have，build的过去分词built，故选D。
【点评】考查现在完成时的被动语态的构成和用法。根据时间状语确定时态和根据主语与动词之间的关系确定语态。
50．B
【解析】句意：到目前为止，大部分事情已经被工人做了。他们很快就要完成所有的工作了。A.have done已经做了；B.have been done已经被做；C.did动词过去式；D.was done一般过去时的被动语态。根据"so far到目前为止"可知，句子应用现在完成时。主语"most of the things"和谓语"do"之间为被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态。故选B。
【点评】考查现在完成时的被动语态。注意识记现在完成时的被动语态结构。
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