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2026年春仁爱科普版九年级英语下册核心语法精讲精练
Unit 5 China and the World
核心语法:一般现在时被动语态
一、核心概念
1. 什么是被动语态?
主动语态:主语执行动作
被动语态:主语承受动作
一般现在时被动语态:表示经常性、习惯性的被动动作
2. 基本转换公式:
主动:S(主语) + V(谓语) + O(宾语)
被动:S(原宾语) + am/is/are + p.p.(过去分词) + (by + 原主语)
二、结构公式
基本结构:
am/is/are + 过去分词 (p.p.)
具体构成:
主语 be动词 结构 例句
I am am + p.p. I am taught by Mr. Li.
He/She/It is is + p.p. English is spoken here.
We/You/They are are + p.p. These books are read by many students.
否定形式:
am/is/are + not + 过去分词
缩写:isn't, aren't
例:Rice is not grown in the north.
疑问形式:
Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 过去分词 +
例:Is English taught in your school
特殊疑问句:
疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + 过去分词 +
例:Where is rice grown
三、使用情景
1. 描述客观事实或普遍真理
The sun is risen in the east.(太阳从东方升起。)
Water is changed into ice at 0℃.(水在0度时变成冰。)
2. 表示经常性、习惯性的动作
Letters are collected at 4 p.m. every day.(信件每天下午4点收取。)
This room is cleaned twice a week.(这个房间每周打扫两次。)
3. 说明物品的用途或功能
Knives are used for cutting.(刀用来切割。)
This machine is used to make paper.(这台机器用来造纸。)
4. 科技说明、新闻报道、规章制度
Smoking is not allowed here.(此处禁止吸烟。)
English is spoken as a second language in many countries.
5. 不知道或不需指出动作执行者
My bike is repaired in that shop.(不知道谁修理)
Tea is grown in the south.(不需要指出谁种植)
四、时间状语特征
常用时间状语:
类型 示例 例句
频率副词 always, often, usually, sometimes, seldom, never English is often used in international meetings.
every短语 every day/week/month/year The floor is cleaned every day.
时间短语 in the morning/afternoon/evening, at night Breakfast is served at 7 a.m.
一般现在时标志 usually, always, sometimes The windows are usually closed at night.
特别注意:
一般现在时被动语态常与频率副词连用
强调动作的经常性和习惯性
五、主动语态变被动语态
三步转换法:
找宾语:主动句宾语 → 被动句主语
变谓语:动词原形/第三人称单数 → am/is/are + p.p.
加by短语:原主语前加by(可省略)
转换对比表:
主动语态 被动语态 说明
People speak English. English is spoken (by people). 一般现在时
My mother cleans the room. The room is cleaned by my mother. 第三人称单数
They grow rice in the south. Rice is grown in the south. 省略by短语
Do you use this computer Is this computer used by you 疑问句转换
六、特殊句型处理
1. 双宾语动词的被动语态
主动:The teacher gives us homework.
被动1:We are given homework by the teacher.(人作主语)
被动2:Homework is given to us by the teacher.(物作主语)
常见双宾动词:
give, show, send, bring, lend, tell, teach, buy, make等
2. 短语动词的被动语态
必须保持短语动词的完整性
主动语态 被动语态
They look after the children. The children are looked after.
People laugh at him. He is laughed at.
We should turn off the lights. The lights should be turned off.
常见短语动词:
look at, listen to, take care of, look for, turn on/off, put on等
3. 含有情态动词的被动语态
结构:情态动词 + be + p.p.
例:The rules must be obeyed.
例:This problem can be solved.
七、常见错误提醒
1、遗漏be动词(最易错!)
English spoken all over the world.
English is spoken all over the world.
2、be动词形式错误
Rice are grown in the south.
Rice is grown in the south.
3、用错过去分词
The room is clean every day.
The room is cleaned every day.
4、不及物动词用被动
The accident is happened.
The accident happens.
5、短语动词介词遗漏
The children are taken care by Mrs. Wang.
The children are taken care of by Mrs. Wang.
6、by短语使用错误
The letter is written by me yesterday.(时态错误)
The letter was written by me yesterday.
1.Pu'er Tea____________ in some western areas of Yunnan.
A.plants B.was planted C.is planting D.is planted
2.—Excuse me, did you notice the sign "No Smoking" in front of the building
—Sorry, I didn't. But now I know smoking ________ here.
A.didn't allow B.won't allow C.isn't allowed D.wasn't allowed
3.—I want to teach in Tibet when I graduate from the college.
—Me too. Teachers ______ very much there.
A.need B.are needing C.are needed D.have needed
4.Taiwan ______ the Treasure Island of China.
A.is famous for B.is known for
C.is regarded as D.is regarded for
5.Our classroom _________________ by students every afternoon, so it looks very tidy.
A.cleans B.has cleaned C.is cleaned D.was cleaned
6.They won't be back until the work .
A.do B.does C.is done D.will do
7.Students da less homework now. Usually it ____before 9 o'clock in the evening.
A.finishes B.finished C.is finished D.was finished
8.—The flowers ______ grow well if they ______.
—Yes, I know. I'll try my best.
A.won't, don't take good care of
B.don't, are taken good care of
C.won't, are not taken good care of
9.In some parts of the world, tea____________ with milk and sugar.
A.is serving B.serves C.is served D.served
10.In winter, the town ________by snow, so most of time we have to stay at home.
A.cut off B.is cut off C.cuts down D.is cut down
11.The novel is read ____________many people today.
A.by B.with C.of D.for
12.— Excuse me. I'm looking for Be the Best of Yourself.
— Sorry. The book you ask for ______________ out.
A.is selling B.is sold C.was selling D.will be sold
13.Wuchazi Bridge ____________ as an Internet-famous place in Chengdu.
A.regards B.is regarded C.is regarding
14.Tim gets A grade in every exam and he ___________ to be the cleverest in our class.
A.is considered B.is considering C.considers D.considered
15.Mark Twain's stories ________ by millions of people every year.
A.are read B.are reading C.have read D.read
16.—A storm is coming. Make sure the electricity _________.
—Thanks for reminding me of it.
A.shut off B.shuts off
C.is shut off D.is shutting off
17.Nowdays, high-speed trains, Alipay, shared bicycles and online shopping ______ the New Four Great Inventions in China.
A.are called B.are calling C.have called
18.—What cool cars! They can drive without people.
— That's because they ____ by computers inside.
A.are controlled B.controlled
C.will be controlled D.control
19.Look at the picture. The top five TV plays ________ in it.
A.list B.are listed C.will list D.will be listed
20.How many trees ______.
A.are planted B.is planted C.will plant
21.I'm not sure if Lily_______ me. If I _______, I will go with you.
A.will invite, will be invited B.will invite, am invited
C.invites, will invite D.invites, invite
22.Chinese in many schools around the world.Many people love to learn it.
A.teaches B.is teaching C.has taught D.is taught
23. —Why are you leaving your job
—I can't stand it any longer. I always ____ to work overtime.
A.am; asking B.am; asked C.was; asking D.was; asked
24. Newly-born babies ____ in hospital.
A.are taken good care B.are taken good care of
C.take good care of D.take good care
25.People are ____ to wear masks in winter in order to keep healthy from heavy fogs.
A.supposed B.discovered C.allowed
26. —What a mess! The sharing bikes ____everywhere.
—Let' s collect and put them in the light place so that they can be used conveniently.
A.throw B.threw C.is thrown D.are thrown
27.—Let's take some photos in the museum.
—I'm afraid we can't. Taking photos __________ in this museum.
A.are not allowed B.doesn't allow C.is not allowed
28.The relationship between China and the USA is always _______.
A.paid attention B.pay attention to
C.paid attention to D.paying attention
29.The Olympic Games ____________________ every four years.
A.is held B.was held C.hold D.held
30.—No life can be on the earth without water.
—Yes. Water _____ everywhere.
A.Needs B.is needing C.is needed D.needed
31.We ________ to go out without wearing medical masks to avoid getting ill.
A.don' tallow B.allow C.aren't allowed D.are allowed
32.— Waiter, I'd like a hot wing hamburger and corn salad.
— Sorry, sir. They ________ only for lunch and dinner. Why not consider ________ something else
A.serve; to order B.served; ordering
C.are served; ordering D.served; to order
33.Han Han's books are popular. They _______by many teenagers.
A.is read B.read C.are read
34. Too much water ____ every day in our lives. We should take action to save water.
A.wastes B.wasted C.is wasted D.was wasted
35. A lot of water____every year. It's a big problem.
A.wastes B.is wasted
C.have been wasted D.is wasting
36.——Dad, can I go out to play with my friends now '
——Not until your homework__________ .
A.will finish B.finishes C.is finished
37.Look at the picture. The top five TV plays in it.
A.list B.are listed C.will list D.will be listed
38. Gu Ailing ____ in both China and many other countries because of her amazing skiing skills.
A.remembers B.is remembered
C.is remembering D.remembered
39.Earth Day ____ on April 22nd every year. Many people all over the world try to do something green on this day.
A.celebrates B.is celebrated
C.will celebrate D.will be celebrated
40. Everyone in our class____ to study hard for the high school entrance exam.
A.is encouraged B.encourages
C.are encouraging D.are encouraged
41. Teenagers under 18____to drive in our country.
A.don't allow B.aren't allowed
C.won't allow D.are allowed
42.– Will you go to the party
– Of course I will if I ______.
A.am invited
B.was invited
C.will be invited
43.Microwave ovens by millions of families today.
A.will use B.are used C.were used D.is using
44.—Mum, could I play the mobile phone for a while
—Unless your painting ________.
A.completes B.is completed
C.will complete D.will be completed
45.Kids have to take many after school classes. They _______ hard to study for good grades.
A.push B.are pushed C.are pushing D.have pushed
46. A great number of beautiful flowers ____ on the second ring road in Chengdu these days.
A.plant B.are planted C.are planting
47.When we read an English article, we ________ to guess the meaning of the new words according to the context first.
A.require B.are requiring C.are required
48.Now teenagers __________to do voluntary work for their local commodities.
A.are encouraged B.were encouraged
C.have encouraged D.are encouraging
49.—what do you think of the invention of the zipper
—Zippers in our daily life.
A.widely use B.are widely used C.have widely use
50.—What does the sign on the right tell us
—Oh, it tells us that we ________ to stop our cars here.
A.don't allow B.aren't allowed
C.didn't allow D.weren't allowed
参考答案及试题解析
1.D
【解析】句意: 普洱茶在云南的一些西部地区种植。描述客观事实是一般现在时,主语tea和谓语动词plant是被动关系,故是一般现在时被动语态,动词形式是be+done,助动词be是is,故选D。
【点评】考查时态语态,注意一般现在时被动语态的用法。
2.C
【解析】句意:——对不起,你注意到大楼前面的“禁止吸烟”标志了吗?——对不起,我没有。但现在我知道这里不允许吸烟。allow允许,实义动词。A.没有允许,一般过去时;B.不将允许,一般将来时;C.不被允许,一般现在时的被动语态;D.不被允许,一般过去时的被动语态。smoking吸烟,是动作allow的承受者,时态是一般现在时,所以用一般现在时的被动语态,结构是am/is/are+动词过去分词,smoking是动名词,做主语时谓语动词用单数,所以用is,is的否定是isn't,allow的过去分词是allowed,故选C。
【点评】考查一般现在时的被动语态,首先根据主语和谓语关系确定语态,然后识记其结构am/is/are+动词过去分词。
3.C
【解析】句意:——我大学毕业时,我想在西藏教书。——我也是。那里非常需要老师。根据句子结构,老师和需要之间是被动关系,故此处用被动语态,结构是be done,故选C。
【点评】此题考查一般现在时的被动语态。
4.C
【解析】be famous for意为“因为……而出名”;be known for意为“因为……而出名”;意为“be regarded as被看做为……”。故选C。
【点评】考查短语辨析。
5.C
【解析】句意:我们的教室每天下午都有学生打扫,所以看起来很整洁。clean our classroom打扫教室,动宾词组,动作承受者our classroom充当主语,谓语动词要用被动语态,时间状语every afternoon每天下午,用于一般现在时,被动语态为am/is/are+过去分词,主语our classroom第三人称单数,be动词用is,故选C。
【点评】考查时态与语态。根据时间状语every afternoon要用一般现在时,动作的承受者充当主语,谓语动词要用被动语态,一般现在时的被动语态为am/is/are+过去分词。
6.C
【解析】句意:他们在工作结束之前不会回来的。从句主语the work是动作的承受者,故用被动语态be动词+动词原形。故选C。
【点评】本题考查一般现在时的被动语态be动词+动词原形的应用。
7.C
【解析】句意:现在学生的家庭作业少了。通常在晚上9点之前完成。finishes动词第三人称单数,完成;finished动词过去式,完成;is finished一般现在时的被动语态;was finished一般过去式的被动语态。句子的主语it(homework)是动词finish的承受者,用被动语态,根据now和usually可知句子是一般现在时,用一般现在时的被动语态,故答案为C。
【点评】考查一般现在时的被动语态。识记被动语态的构成和用法并注意运用正确的时态。
8.C
【解析】句意:——如果没有精心照料,花是长不好的。——是的,我知道。我会尽力的。if 引导的条件状语从句,故时态是主将从现,主句是将来时,从句是一般现在时表示将来,主语是they,代词复数flowers,与谓语动词take是被动关系,故是一般现在时被动语态,是be not done的形式,助动词是are,take的过去分词是taken,故选C。
【点评】考查时态和语态,注意if引导的条件状语从句,时态是主将从现,以及一般现在时被动语态的用法。
9.C
【解析】句意:在世界上的一些地方,茶叶中加牛奶和糖来招待的。根据句子结构,主语tea与动词serve是被动关系,译为“茶被用来招待“,因此要用被动语态,即be done结构,根据句意,可知用一般现在时,主语tea为单数,因此be动词用is,serve的过去分词为served,故选C。
【点评】考查被动语态。注意识记被动语态结构 be done。
10.B
【解析】句意:冬天,小镇被雪封了,所以大部分时间我们都得呆在家里。A.隔断,阻断;B.被隔断,被阻断;C.砍伐;D.被砍伐。根据 so most of time we have to stay at home. 可知,多数时间不得不待在家里,说明小镇的路被雪阻断了,应会使用cut off的被动语态,故答案是B。
【点评】考查短语辨析及被动语态,注意被动语态在具体语境中的使用。
11.A
【解析】句意:这部小说今天被许多人读。时态是被动语态,结构是be+动词过去分词+by...,故选A。
【点评】考查被动语态,注意平时识记 is popular at school 。
12.B
【解析】——打扰一下,我在寻找“成为最好的自己”这本书。——对不起,你问的这本书已经卖掉了。根据句意,书和卖是被动关系,sell的过去分词形式是sold,本句强调书卖掉了这一事实,故用一般现在时的被动语态,主语the book,故be动词用is,故答案为B。
【点评】考查一般现在时被动语态。注意识记动词过去分词的不知规则变化。
13.B
【解析】句意: 五岔子大桥被认为是成都著名的网红地。主语bridge和regard是被动关系,故是被动语态,是be+过去分词的动词形式,故选B。
【点评】考查语态,注意be+过去分词的用法。
14.A
【解析】句意:蒂姆在每次考试中都获得A,他被认为是我们班上最聪明的。根据 Tim gets A grade in every exam 蒂姆在每次考试中都获得A,因此是被认为最聪明的,应用被动语态,结构为be+done,故选A。
【点评】考查被动语态。涉及动词的题目,先判断时态,再判断语态,若主语是动作的承受者,则用被动语态。
15.A
【解析】句意:每年都有数以百万计的人阅读马克·吐温的小说。are read一般现在时的被动语态;are reading现在进行时;have read现在完成时;read一般现在时。根据Mark Twain's stories...by millions of people可知,故事应该是被人们读,此处表被动,故应用一般现在时的被动语态,主语Mark Twain's stories为复数,故应用are read。故选A。
【点评】考查一般现在时的被动语态。注意根据语境选择正确的时态和语态。
16.C
【解析】句意:——一场风暴即将来临。一定要关掉电源。——谢谢你提醒我。根据句意可知这里应该是被动语态:be+动词的过去分词。shut 的过去分词和原形一样。故答案为C。
【点评】考查一般现在时的被动语态。掌握被动语态的结构:be+及物动词的过去分词。
17.A
【解析】句意:如今,高铁、支付宝、共享单车和网购在中国被称为"新四大发明"。根据主语是动词call的承受者,可知此处构成被动关系,应该用被动语态be done,故选A。
【点评】考查一般现在时的被动语态。注意主语与动词之间的逻辑关系。
18.A
【解析】句意:——多酷的车啊!他们可以无人驾驶。——那是因为它们是由里面的电脑控制的。A一般现在时被动语态,B过去式,C一般将来时被动语态,D动词原形,根据cars(汽车),与其谓语control(控制)之间是被动关系,且题干表述的是现在的客观情况,因此设空处应用一般现在时态的被动语态,故选A。
【点评】考查时态,语态,注意识记一般现在时态的被动语态的用法。
19.B
【解析】句意:看这张图片,最好的五个电视剧在上面列出了。The top five TV plays应该是被列出来的,用被动语态被+过去分词;由“Look at the picture”得知是一般现在时,因此为一般现在时的被动语态,故答案选B。
【点评】考查动词的时态和语态。注意主语与谓语动词之间的关系。
20.A
【解析】句意:种植了多少棵树?A.被种,一般现在时的被动语态,主语为可数名词复数;B.被种,一般现在时的被动语态,主语为不可数名词/可数名词单数;C.将种,一般将来时的主动语态。根据主语trees,是可数名词复数,以及和动词plant"种"之间的被动关系,可知句子应用被动语态are planted"被种"。故选A。
【点评】考查一般现在时的被动语态。注意熟记主语为不可数名词/可数名词单数时,be动词应用is;主语为可数名词复数,be动词应用are。
21.B
【解析】句意:我不知道他是否会邀请我,如果我被邀请,我将和你一起去。题文出现两个从句,第一个是if引导的宾语从句,第二个是if引导的条件状语从句。根据句意,宾语从句应用一般将来时,条件状语从句中,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。故选B。
【点评】考查动词的时态和语态。
22.D
【解析】句意:中文在世界上的许多学校被教,许多人喜欢学它。Chinese与teach构成被动关系,所以用被动语态:be+过去分词。故选D。
【点评】考查被动语态。
23.B
【解析】句意:——你为什么要离职?——我再也受不了了,我总是被要求加班。根据句意可知用被动语态,可排除AC;根据上一句are leaving是现在进行时表示将来,所以此处是一般现在时,故选B。
【点评】考查一般现在时的被动语态。
24.B
【解析】句意:新生儿在医院里受到很好的照顾。take good care of照顾好;are taken good care of,被照顾好,被动语态。根据句子是主语和动词的关系,可知主语是动作的承受者,用被动语态,表示新生儿得到很好的照顾,故答案为B。
【点评】考查一般现在时的被动语态。识记被动语态的构成和用法。
25.A
【解析】句意:人们应该在冬天戴口罩,以保持身体健康,避免大雾。supposed认为,推断,be supposed to do sth.应该做某事;discovered发现,发现;allowed允许,be allowed to do sth.(被)允许做某事。根据"in order to keep healthy from heavy fogs"和常识可知人们应该戴口罩。故选A。
【点评】考查动词辨析。注意正确理解选项的意思,根据题目所给语境选择正确的动词。
26.D
【解析】句意:——好乱啊!共享单车被扔的到处都是。——让我们把他们收集起来,放在一个正确的地方,这样他们就可以被方便的使用。A动词原形,B过去式,C/D一般现在时被动语态,主语bike和谓语动词throw是被动关系,故用被动语态,主语是名词复数助动词用are,故选D。
【点评】考查时态,语态,注意识记一般现在时被动语态,主谓一致的用法。
27.C
【解析】句意:——让我们在博物馆里照相。——我想我们不能。在博物馆里不允许照相。主语taking photos是动作allow的承受者,时态是一般现在时,所以用一般现在时的被动语态,结构是be+动词过去分词,主语是动名词,所以be用单数is,allow的过去分词是allowed,故选C。
【点评】考查一般现在时的被动语态,注意平时识记其结构,理解句意。
28.C
【解析】句意: 中国和美国之间的关系总是受关注。 中美两国的关系作为一个对象,应该是被人们所观注,所以应该用被动语态,也就是动词应该用过去分词形式,paid是pay的过去分词,所pay attention to,固定搭配,注意,故选C。
【点评】考查被动语态,注意识记pay attention to的用法。
29.A
【解析】句意:奥运会每四年举行一次。hold,动词,举行,过去式held,过去分词held。此句描述客观情况,句子用一般现在时态,主语The Olympic Games与谓语hold之间是动宾关系,句子用被动语态,即am/is/are done,主语The Olympic Games是第三人称单数,谓语用is held,故选A。
【点评】考查一般现在时态的被动语态。识记一般现在时态的被动语态的用法。
30.C
【解析】句意:——没有水,地球上就没有生命。——是的。到处都需要水。needs需要,一般现在时的第三人称单数;is needing现在进行时,正需要;is needed被需要,一般现在时的被动语态;needed一般过去时;根据主语water和动词need的关系,可知这里是被需要,用被动语态,故答案为C。
【点评】考查一般现在时的被动语态。识记被动语态的构成和用法。
31.C
【解析】句意:为了避免生病,我们不戴医用口罩是不允许外出的。考查被动语态。短语be allowed to do sth.,(被)允许做某事;allow sb. to do sth.,允许某人做某事。根据下文“为了避免生病”可知“我们不戴医用口罩是不(被)允许外出的。”故选C。
【点评】考查一般现在时的被动语态,注意识记一般现在时被动语态的构成。
32.C
【解析】句意:—服务员,我想要一个香辣鸡翅汉堡和玉米沙拉。—对不起,先生。他们只在午餐和晚餐提供。为什么不考虑点别的呢?they指代的是前面提到的香辣鸡翅汉堡和玉米沙拉,与动词serve之间是被动的关系,应该用被动语态的形式;consider doing sth.考虑做某事。故答案为C。
33.C
【解析】句意:韩寒的书很受欢迎。它们被很多青少年阅读。根据句意及题干分析此题是被动语态,其基本结构是be+过去分词,主语是they,所以选C。
34.C
【解析】句意:每天在我们的生活中,太多的水被浪费。我们应该采取行动节约用水。waste浪费,动词,此处water是waste的动作承受者,根据every day可知,此处描述经常性动作,用一般现在时,所以此处是一般现在时是被动语态,用am/is/are done形式,故选C。
【点评】考查一般现在时的被动语态。注意识记其结构和用法。
35.B
【解析】句意:每年都有大量的水被浪费。这是个大问题。A.wastes动词第三人称单数形式;B.is wasted被浪费,一般过去时的被动语态;C.have been wasted现在完成时的被动语态;D.is wasting现在进行时。根据句子结构分析,A lot of water,指的是水被浪费,时间状语"every year"为一般现在时的标志词,需用一般现在时的被动语态(be done) ,主语water是不可数名词,be动词使用is。故选B。
【点评】考查一般现在时的被动语态。注意根据句子的时间状语以及主语和谓语之间的逻辑关系确定答案。
36.C
【解析】not until直到……才,be+动词过去分词构成被动语态,句意:爸爸,我现在可以出去跟朋友玩吗?直到你的作业被完成才可以。故选C。
【点评】考查被动语态的用法。
37.B
【解析】句意:看这张图片。最好的五大电视剧都列在里面了。根据主语和谓语之间的关系可知句子是被动语态,根据 Look at the picture. 可知现在五大电视剧被列在里面了。可知句子时态是一般现在时,一般现在时的被动语态is/am/are+done,主语TV plays是复数名词,系动词用are,故选B。
【点评】考查一般现在时的被动语态。掌握一般现在时的被动语态is/am/are+done。
38.B
【解析】句意:顾爱玲因其惊人的滑雪技术而被中国和其他许多国家所铭记。remembers记得,一般现在时的第三人称单数;is remember被记得,一般现在时的被动语态;is remembering现在进行时;remembered记得,一般过去时;根据主语和动词的关系,可知主语是动作的承受者,用被动语态,故答案为A。
【点评】考查一般现在时的被动语态。识记被动语态的结构和用法。
39.B
【解析】句意:每年的4月22日为地球日。世界各地的许多人都试图在这一天做一些绿色的事情。celebrate,庆祝,动词。A动词第三人称单数形式;B一般现在时的被动语态;C 一般将来时;D一般将来时的被动语态。结合语句Earth Day……on April 22nd every year. Many people all over the world try to do something green on this day.可知,主语Earth Day与celebrate是被动关系,且根据every day可知,此处用一般现在时被动语态,故答案为B。
【点评】考查一般现在时被动语态的构成及用法。
40.A
【解析】句意: 我们班的每个人都被鼓励要为中考而努力学习。encourage鼓励,动词;此处everyone是encourage的动作承受者,用被动语态,排除B和C;此处主语是复合不定代词,系动词用is,故选A。
【点评】考查一般现在时的被动语态和主谓一致。注意根据语境选择正确的语态。
41.B
【解析】句意:我国不允许18岁以下的青少年开车。分析句子成分可知本句主语是Teenagers,空格处是本句谓语动词,主语和谓语动词存在逻辑上的动宾关系,可推知此处是被动语态。结合常识可知18岁以下的青少年不能开车。可知此处是否定句。故选B。
【点评】考查被动语态。分析主语和谓语动词关系确定语态,结合常识可知是否定句。
42.A
【解析】 if引导的条件状语从句,从句用一般现在时,主句用一般将来时。be+动词过去分词构成被动语态,句意:你回来参加聚会吗?如果我被邀请,我当然会去。A选项是一般现在时的被动语态,B选项是过去时的被动语态,C选项是将来时的被动语态,故选A。
【点评】考查被动语态及条件状语从句的用法。
43.B
【解析】be used by被......使用。根据today今天,可知为一般现在时的被动语态,其谓语动词形式为am/is/are+动词过去分词。根据ovens可知主语为复数,be动词应为are。故选B。
【点评】此题考查一般现在时态的被动语态,平时应多归纳总结各种时态,语态和句式的结构及用法。
44.B
45.B
【解析】句意:孩子们不得不上很多课外班。他们被逼着刻苦学习以求好成绩。句中的they指上文的kids,是动词push的受动者,需用被动语态,be+过去分词,故选B。
【点评】考查被动语态。熟记被动语态的结构,并能熟练运用。
46.B
【解析】句意:这几天,成都的二环路上种了许多美丽的花。A.plant种植;B.are planted被种植,一般现在时的被动语态;C.are planting现在进行时。根据句子结构分析可知,此处主语"beautiful flowers"与谓语动词plant为被动关系,these days,一般现在时,故此处为一般现在时的被动语态,故选B。
【点评】考查一般现在时的被动语态。注意根据主语与谓语动词的逻辑关系确定动词的形式。
47.C
48.A
【解析】句意:现在鼓励青少年为当地的商品做义工。根据 teenagers,可知青少年是被鼓励,应用被动语态,结构为be+done,排除C和D;根据 now,可知时态为一般现在时,主语为复数,be动词用are,故选A。
【点评】考查被动语态,注意识记被动语态的用法。
49.B
【解析】句意:——你认为拉链的发明如何?——拉链在我们生活中广泛应用。A.widely use广泛使用,B.are widely used被广泛使用,C.have widely use已经使用。根据常识可知, 拉链被广泛使用,用被动语态,故填入are widely used,故选B。
【点评】考查了被动语态,注意,are widely used被广泛使用。
50.B
【解析】句意:——右边的标志告诉我们什么?——哦,它是说不允许我们在这儿停车。主语we是谓语动词allow的承受者,用被动语态;该标志表示通常的状况,用一般现在时态。故选B。
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