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2026年春仁爱科普版九年级英语下册核心语法精讲精练
Unit 6 Entertainment and Friendship
核心语法:定语从句
一、核心概念
1. 什么是定语从句?
定语:修饰名词或代词的成分
定语从句:用一个完整的句子来修饰名词或代词,相当于一个“大形容词”
被修饰的词:先行词(antecedent)
引导词:关系词(在从句中代替先行词并连接主从句)
2. 定语从句在句中的位置:
二、关系代词详解
关系代词分类表:
关系代词 指代对象 在从句中的作用 是否可省略 例句
who 人 主语、宾语 作宾语时可省 The girl who is singing is from Class 1.
whom 人 宾语 可省略 The man (whom) you met is our teacher.
which 物、动物 主语、宾语 作宾语时可省 The book which is on the desk is mine.
that 人、物、动物 主语、宾语 作宾语时可省 This is the best film that I have seen.
whose 人、物 定语(表所属) 不可省略 The boy whose father is a doctor studies hard.
特殊用法:
which的指代范围:可指代整句话
He passed the exam, which made his parents happy.
that的万能性:可指代人也可指代物
The person that you want to see has come.
三、关系副词
关系副词 先行词类型 在从句中的作用 例句
when 时间名词(time, day, year等) 时间状语 I'll never forget the day when we first met.
where 地点名词(place, school, city等) 地点状语 This is the house where I was born.
why reason(原因) 原因状语 That's the reason why I was late.
注意:关系副词可用“介词+which”替换:
when = in/on/at + which
where = in/at + which
why = for which
四、定语从句的类型
1. 限制性定语从句
特点:对先行词起限定作用,不可省略,否则句意不完整
无逗号与主句隔开
关系词:可用that
例句:
Students who study hard will succeed.(努力学习的学生会成功)
This is the book that I want to borrow.
2. 非限制性定语从句
特点:对先行词起补充说明作用,可省略,不影响句意完整
有逗号与主句隔开
关系词:不能用that
例句:
My father, who is a teacher, works in a school.
Shanghai, which is my hometown, has changed greatly.
五、关系词选择三步法
推荐解题步骤:
找先行词:确定被修饰的词
看指代:指人还是指物
判成分:关系词在从句中作什么成分
判断流程图:
六、特殊用法规则
1. 只用that的情况(必须背记!):
先行词为不定代词(all, everything, nothing, something, anything等)
All that glitters is not gold.
先行词被序数词或最高级修饰
This is the first book that I read.
It's the most interesting story that I've heard.
先行词同时包含人和物
They talked about the people and things that they remembered.
先行词被the only, the very, the same修饰
This is the very book that I'm looking for.
2. 不用that的情况:
非限制性定语从句中
Shanghai, which is my hometown, has changed a lot.
介词后(用whom, which)
This is the room in which we study.
3. 介词+关系代词结构
两种情况:
关系代词作介词的宾语
The house in which I lived was old.
= The house which/that I lived in was old.
关系代词作动词短语的宾语
This is the pen with which I write.
注意:
介词后只能用which或whom,不能用that
介词可放在关系词前或句末
七、定语从句简化形式
常见简化:
关系代词作宾语时可省略
The book (that) you lent me is interesting.
定语从句简化为分词短语
The girl who is sitting under the tree is Mary.
→ The girl sitting under the tree is Mary.
A house that was built 100 years ago was destroyed.
→ A house built 100 years ago was destroyed.
定语从句简化为不定式
I have a lot of work that I must do.
→ I have a lot of work to do.
八、常见错误提醒
1、关系词重复
The man who he is reading is my teacher.
The man who is reading is my teacher.
2、缺关系词
This is the school I studied there last year.
This is the school where I studied last year.
3、关系词用错
This is the museum where we visited last week.
This is the museum (that/which) we visited last week.
分析:visit是及物动词,需要关系代词作宾语
4、主谓不一致
I, who is your friend, will help you.
I, who am your friend, will help you.
5、介词位置错误
This is the room which we have the meeting.
This is the room in which we have the meeting.
6、先行词与关系词距离太远
I have a book at home which is very interesting.
I have a book which is very interesting at home.
1.Parasite(《寄生虫》) became the first non-English best movie ________________ has won Oscars in history.
A.that B.which C.who
2. How time flies! I'll miss the days ____ we spent in No. 3 Middle School.
A.where B.when C.that
3. —Mom is waiting. Can we set off now
—Just a minute. I can't find the shoes ____ I bought last week.
A.that B.who C.what D.who
4.— What kind of movies do you prefer
— I prefer the movies ______________me something to think about.
A.which give B.that gives C.which gives D.who gives
5.The young lady_____ is interviewing Lin Zhixuan about the program I am a singer is from 21st century Talent Net.
A.who
B.whom
C.which
6.I don't know the teacher ________ is talking with Miss Wang.
A.who B.whom C.which D.what
7.Jack really likes the picture_________ you drew the day before yesterday.
A.whom B.who C.which D.what
8.I can't find the shoes ______ I bought last week. So I have to buy another pair.
A.who B.which C.what
9.Yuan Longping is a Chinese rice scientist____ is leading a research to develop "sea rice".
A.who B.whom C.which
10.It's time to say goodbye to my school. I'll always remember the people ____have helped me.
A.who B.what C.which D.where
11.China is the first nation ________ sent Chang'e Ⅳ to the far side of the moon.
A.which B.that C.who
12.The place ________ they will visit is far away from here.
A.that B.who C.where D. when
13. —Do you know anyone can repair the bike?—Yes. You can ask the man Peter for help.
A.which; call B.that; to calling
C.that; called D.which; calls
14.He isn't such a man ______ he used to be.
A.who B.whom C.that D.as
15.Some people think that success is only for those with talent or those ________ grow up in the right family, while others believe that success mostly comes down to hard work.
A.who B.whose C.which D.whom
16.—What kind of movies do you like
—I like movies scary monsters.
A.which has B.that have C.what has D.why have
17.Maria is talking about the things and people she saw on her trip to Lijiang.
A.that B.whom C.who D.which
18.– Don't wear the old jacket to the school.
– But I like clothes look unusual.
A.what B.that C.because
19.– Is this the factory_____you visited last year
–Yes,it is.
A.where B.when C.which D.who
20. There will be a flower show in the park____ we visited last week.
A.who B.when C.where D.which
21.一 What are you doing under the desk
一 I'm looking for the pen I bought yesterday.
A.who B.that C.what D.where
22.We will never forget those happiest days _______ we spent on the summer camp.
A.which B.that C.when D.on which
23.The app "MAYI" encourages people to give away the clothes ________ they don't need to the poor.
A.what B.whom C.who D.that
24.—I like the photo I took on the beach yesterday. What do you think of it
—Well, really nice!
A.where B.when C.which D.who
25. I love movies ____ me something to think about.
A.which gives B.that give C.who gives
26.An engine is a machine _______ can make a car move.
A./
B.that
C.what
D.who
27.I hate the dogs live in the next house. They make loud noises all night.
A.who B.that C.what D.whom
28. Mr. Chen is a teacher ____ I want to learn from. He is so knowledgeable.
A.which B.when C.who
29.Have you seen the shark that _______in front of our boat
A.swim B.swimming C.is swimming D.is swum
30.I like smart clothes ____are made of silk.
A.who B.which C.what
31. —Have you heard of the story of Mulan
—Of course. Mulan is a brave girl ____ her father's place to fight in the army.
A.whom take B.that take C.which takes D.who takes
32.Do you know the man ____ is sitting behind Nancy
A.what B.which C.who D.whom
33. There are a lot of good websites ,有很多很好的网站你可以从中学习。
34.My grandparents still live in that old village the local government has decided to keep.
A.which B.where C.when D.what
35. The red skirt ________ my mother bought for me is made of cotton.
A.that B.when C.who D.whose
36. Not all children____ watch this video will become a scientist, but some may become interested in science.
A.whom B.which C.that D.whose
37.—The courage of the people ________ means high spirit plays a part in beating any difficulty.
—That's true.
A.which B.who C.when
38.—What kind of music do you like
—I like music ________ I can dance to.
A.that B.when C.who D.where
39.Chengdu becomes the third city in China ________ has two airports because of the opening of Chengdu Tianfu International Airpot.
A.that B.which C.where
40.I'll never forget the important people in my life _____ helped and supported me.
A.who B.what C.which D.whose
41.The beautiful woman _____________________ is in red dress is our English teacher.
A.who B.whom C.whose D.what
42.This is one of the most interesting cities _____ I have ever visited.
A.who B.that C.which D.where
43.I'd like to tell you something about the traffic rules _______you will find useful when traveling to England.
A.what B.which C.who D.how
44.—I want to know if Maria ________ us in the concert tonight.
—If she ________ her homework, she will.
A.joins; finishes B.joins; will finish
C.will join; finishes D.will join; will finish
45.— Have you watched the TV play" In the Name of People” (人民的名义)
—It's the most popular play _______our Party' s trying to struggle against corruption(反对腐败).
A.where show B.which show C.that shows D.who shows
46.— Have you seen the film The Wandering Earth(流浪地球)?
—Yes. It's the best one I have ever seen.
A.that B.which C.what D.it
47.The woman came to see John yesterday is his aunt.
A.who B.whom C.whose D.what
48.—Do you have anything______you want to say for yourself
—No, I have nothing to say.
A.that B.whose C.what D.who
49.—What kind of movies do you prefer
—I prefer the movies me something to think about.
A.which give B.that gives C.what gives D.who gives
50.I like music ____ I can dance to.
A.whom B.when C.who D.that
参考答案及试题解析
1.A
【解析】句意:《寄生虫》成为史上第一部非英语的获得奥斯卡最佳影片奖的电影。先行词movie是表示事物的名词,用that或which引导定语从句;先行词前有形容词最高级修饰时用that引导定语从句,而不用which,故答案为A。
【点评】考查定语从句。注意识记关系代词在定语从句中的不同用法。
2.C
【解析】句意:时间过得真快!我会想念我们在第三中学的日子。分析句子可知,此处是定语从句,先行词是the days,时间名词,指物,关系词在定语从句中作spent的宾语,故此处是that引导限制性定语从句。故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句的关系词。注意掌握定语从句的关系词的使用。
3.A
【解析】句意:——妈妈在等着。我们现在能出发吗?——稍等一下,我找不到我上周买的鞋了。who谁,what什么,定语从句先行词是shoes,指物,在从句中做宾语,用关系代词that,故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句,注意识记关系代词that的用法。
4.A
【解析】句意:——你更喜欢哪种电影?——我更喜欢给我一些东西来思考的电影。根据句子成分可知此处为定语从句,且是修饰物,在从句中做主语,用that或which,因先行词movies是复数,从句中谓语动词用复数形式,故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句,识记定语从句中谓语动词单复数形式的判断。
5.A
【解析】句意:在对林志炫进行关于“我是歌手”采访的那位年轻的女士来自21世纪天才网。结合语境可知本句中先行词the young lady为下文定语的逻辑主语,指人,用who,故答案为A。
【点评】考查引导定语从句的关系词辨析。定语从句的引导词也叫关系词,关系词的判断依据有两点:1.先行词;2.关系词在从句中的功能。先行词指人时,关系词用who/that,在从句中作主语或宾语,充当宾语时可用whom,也可以省略;先行词指物时关系词用which/that,在从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时可以省略。
6.A
【解析】句意:我不认识正在和王小姐交谈的这位老师。A. who谁,做主语;B. whom谁,做宾语;C. which哪一个;D. what什么。此句是含有定语从句的复合句,先行词是 teacher,表示人,引导词用 who,在从句中做主语。what 不能引导定语从句。先行词是人,用 whom,在定语从句中做宾语。先行词是物,引导词用 which。故选A。
【点评】此题考查定语从句。根据先行词在从句的成分确定所使用的关系词。
7.C
【解析】句意:Jack很喜欢你前天画的那幅画。whom,谁,宾格;who,谁;which,哪一个;what,什么;根据“Jack really likes the picture……you drew the day before yesterday.”可知这是一个定语从句,构成为“先行词+引导词+从句”,所给句子的先行词是picture,是物,在定语从句“you drew the day before yesterday”中做动词drew的宾语,因此引导词用which或that,故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句。识记定语从句的构成,掌握选择定语从句引导词的方法。
8.B
【解析】句意:我找不到我上星期买的那双鞋了。所以我得再买一双。who引导的定语从句的先行词为人,在句中做主语或宾语;which引导的定语从句先行词为物;what不引导定语从句;根据先行词the shoes可知是物,用which,故答案为B。
【点评】考查定语从句。注意识记which引导的定语从句的用法。
9.A
【解析】句意:袁隆平是一个中国水稻科学家,他正在领导研究开发“海洋稻米”。表示“人”,引导词用who,在从句中做主语。先行词是“物”,引导词可以用which。whom在定语从句中做宾语。根据 Yuan Longping is a Chinese rice scientist.袁隆平是一个中国水稻科学家,可知后半句为定语从句,先行词是scientist:科学家,本题缺少的是主语,因此用who来引导,故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句。注意掌握定语从句不同的连接词的用法。
10.A
【解析】句意:到时间与我的学校说再见了。我会一直记着这里曾经帮助过我的人。分析:考查定语从句,先行词为the people,先行词在从句中做主语,因此用引导词who.故选 A
【点评】 考查定语从句的用法。
11.B
【解析】句意:中国是第一个将嫦娥四号发射到月球远端的国家。该句为定语从句,first 为序数词,先行词前面有序数词修饰时,引导词只能用that,故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句,注意识记定语从句的用法。
12.A
【解析】句意:他们将要游览的地方离这儿很远。the place 地方,先行词,由that或which引导定语从句,故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句。
13.C
【解析】句意:—你认识能修理自行车的什么人吗?--是的,你可以向那个叫彼得的人请求帮助。定语从句用来充当句中定语的成分,被修饰的名词叫先行词,连接主从句的是关系词。关系词分:1关系代词:who , whom , whose , which , that 。2 关系副词:where,when why 等。一般的who 用于指代人的先行词,which 用来指代物的先行词,that既可指认又可指物。关系代词在从句中作主语、宾语。但在下列情况下一般只用that而不用which :
先行词本身是all , everything , something , nothing , anything等不定代词时, 先行词已有序数词或形容词的最高级或the last, the only等作定语时,先行词既有人又有物时。根据先行词是anyone,所以关系代词用that。第二句中分析句子结构可知动词短语部分做man的后置定语,man和call之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,所以用过去分词做后置定语,故选C。
14.D
【解析】such…… as是固定用法, as引导定语从句时,可以作主语,宾语或表语.在本题中,as作表语.
【点评】考查定语从句。
15.A
【解析】句意:有些人认为成功只属于那些有天赋的人或那些成长在合适的家庭的人,而另一些人则认为成功主要取决于努力工作。A.who,先行词是人,在句中作主语/宾语;B.whose,谁的;C.which,先行词是物,在句中作主语/宾语;D.whom,先行词是人,在句中作宾语。本句是定语从句,先行词是those,指人,关系词在从句中作主语,应用who。故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句。识记定语从句的结构,能正确使用先行词。
16.B
【解析】句意:——你喜欢哪种电影?——我喜欢有恐怖怪物的电影。句子中的先行词是the movies为复数形式,谓语动词用have;先行词指物,关系词在定语从句中主语,用that。故选B。
【点评】本题考查定语从句的关系词和主谓一致,注意先行词指物,关系词在定语从句中主语时,应用that。
17.A
【解析】句意:Maria正在说她去丽江旅行路上所见的事和人。the things and people是先行词,当定语从句的先行词有人又有物时,关系代词必须用that。故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句的引导词。注意关系代词that的特殊用法。
18.B
【解析】代替上文出现过的词用that,句意:不要穿那件旧夹克去上学。但是我喜欢,那看上去不寻常。故选B。
【点评】考查代词的用法。
19.C
【解析】本句中先行词the factory为下文定语从句的逻辑宾语,指物,故引导词应用that或者which,结合所给选项,可知选C。
【点评】定语从句引导词的用法比较复杂,其关键就是根据先行词的不同选择不同的引导词.并注意作介词宾语的引导词只能使用宾格形式.that不能用于非限制性定语从句中.
20.D
【解析】句意:在我们上周参观过的公园里将有一场花展。根据句子结构可知这里是定语从句。who引导的定语从句的先行词为表示人的名词;when引导的先行词是表示时间的名词,在从句中做时间状语;where引导的定语从句的先行词是表示地点的名词,在从句中做地点状语。which引导的从句的先行词是表示物的名词,在从句中做主语或宾语。根据句子结构可知先行词为park,在从句中做visit的宾语,不是地点状语,用which引导,故答案为D。
【点评】考查定语从句。识记定语从句的结构和不同引导词的用法。
21.B
【解析】句意:一一你在课桌下面做什么 一一我在找我昨天买的笔。the pen后跟的是定语从句,定语从句的先行词指人时,常用who,whom, that作关系词,定语从句的先行词指事物时,常用that,which作为关系词。the pen钢笔,指物,用that, which作关系词,故选B。
22.B
【解析】句意为:我们绝不会忘记那段在夏令营度过的最开心的日子。在定语从句中,当先行词被序数词、最高级等修饰时,引导词应用that。根据语境可知应选B。
【点评】考查定语从句。
23.D
【解析】句意:应用程序"MAYI"鼓励人们把他们不需要的衣服送给穷人。A.what什么;B.whom谁;C.who谁;D.that那个。根据句子结构分析可知此处为定语从句。 定语从句的先行词是"the clothes",在从句中作宾语。what不引导定语从句;whom作宾语,指代人;who作主语或宾语,指代人;that作主语或宾语,指代物。关系代词在定语从句中作宾语,且指代物品。故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句。注意识记定语从句中代词的使用规则。
24.C
【解析】句意:我喜欢这张我昨天在海边拍的照片。你认为怎么样?真的很好!which引导定语从句,指代照片,在句中作为took的宾语,故选C
【点评】定语从句是每年中考的必考语法点。定语从句的解题把握好基本的概念及关系代词关系副词分别指的人或物时所对应的不同的用法。对于关系代词还是关系副词的选择,则要看定语从句中如果缺少主语、宾语就用关系代词,既不缺主语也不缺宾语则用关系副词作状语。
25.B
【解析】句意:我喜欢那些能让我思考的电影。分析句子结构可知此处为限制性定语从句,movies是先行词,指物,且从句没有主语,可知用关系代词whic/that;who指人。此处先行词movies是复数,从句谓语动词由先行词决定。故从句动词用原形。故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句。分解句子结构确定是什么从句。牢记定语从句谓语动词由先行词决定。
26.B
【解析】句意:引擎是能让汽车动起来的机器。定语从句从that指人或物,可以在从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时可以省略,作主语不能省略。what不引导定语从句;who指代是人的先行词。a machine是物,故用that,因为在从句中充当主语,所以不能省略。故答案选B。
【点评】考查引导定语从句的关系代词。
27.B
【解析】句意:我讨厌住在隔壁的狗,他们整晚发出噪音。who "谁"指人,在定语从句中作主语;that "那个"指人或指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;what "什么"不能引导定语从句,引导名词性从句;whom "谁"指人,在定语从句中作宾语。根据先行词是the dogs,后面的定语从句缺少主语,故用代词that。故选B。
【点评】此题考查定语从句的关系词。
28.C
【解析】句意:陈老师是我想向他学习的老师。他知识渊博。A哪个,B何时,C谁,先行词teacher,定语从句中缺少learn from的宾语,故用who引导定语从句,故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句,注意识记who的用法。
29.C
【解析】句意:你看见在我们船前面游的鲨鱼了吗?that引导定语从句,修饰先行词the shark,作主语,从句中表示鲨鱼正在游,用现在进行时;因此选C。
【点评】考查定语从句,注意从句的时态。
30.B
【解析】句意:我喜欢丝绸做的漂亮衣服。这里是定语从句,who引导的从句,先行词为表示人的名词;which引导的从句,先行词为表示物的名词;what不引导定语从句;这里的先行词clothes(衣服)是表示物的名词,用which引导,故答案为B。
【点评】考查定语从句。注意识记which引导的定语从句的用法。
31.D
【解析】句意:——你听说过木兰的故事吗?——当然。木兰是一个替父从军的勇敢的女孩儿。" a brave girl ____ her father's place to fight in the army. "是定语从句,先行词是girl,指人,从句中作主语,因此引导词用who,描述客观情况,因此从句用一般现在时,主语girl是第三人称单数,谓语用单三takes,故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句。识记定语从句的结构接用法。
32.C
【解析】句意:你认识坐在南希后面的那个人吗? A:什么(不用于定语从句);B:哪个(指代事物);C:谁(作主语/宾语,指代人); D:谁(作宾语,指代人)。根据 the man ____ is sitting behind Nancy ,可知句子为定语从句,先行词man指人,且关系词在从句中作主语,可知关系词应用who。故选C。
【点评】考查关系词。注意"who"在定语从句中是一个关系代词,用于指代人,且在从句中作主语或宾语。
33.that/which you can learn from
【解析】根据中英文对照可知此句缺少成分 "你可以从中学习"。"你可以从中学习" 翻译为you can learn from。结合语句 "There are a lot of good websites …",此处需用定语从句修饰 websites,先行词指物且在从句中作 from 的宾语,关系代词可用 that 或 which,"can" 后接动词原形 learn,故答案为 that/which you can learn from。
【点评】考查汉译英。要掌握定语从句的基本结构,明确先行词在从句中作介词宾语时的用法,同时牢记 "learn from"(从…… 学习)的固定搭配。
34.A
【解析】句意:我的祖父母们仍然住在那个当地政府已经决定了保留的旧村庄。通过分析句子成分可知,这是一个定语从句,先行词是old village指物,要用关系代词which来引导,故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句,注意选择正确的关系代词。
35.A
【解析】句意:我妈妈给我买的那个红色的裙子是由棉花制的。根据题干分析此题考查的是定语从句。先行词是The red skirt,并且在定语从句中作bought的宾语,所以关系词应用关系代词that或者which,并且可以省略,故选A。
36.C
【解析】句意:并不是所有看这个视频的孩子都会成为科学家,但一些孩子可能会对科学产生兴趣。A. whom 谁(作宾语);B. which 哪一个(用于非生命事物);C. that 那个(限制性定语从句的关系代词);D. whose 谁的(表示所有格)。分析句子结构可知,本句是一个定语从句,先行词是children,指人,且关系词在从句中作主语,应用who或that引导该从句。故选C。
【点评】考查限制性定语从句。注意辨别定语从句先行词指人还是指物亦或是指地点,关系词在从句中作的成分,然后再判断具体使用哪个关系代词或关系副词。
37.A
【解析】句意:——人民的勇气意味着高昂的精神在战胜任何困难中都发挥着作用。——这是真的。句子是定语从句,先行词指的是物,关系词用which;先行词指的是人,关系词用who;先行词指的是时间,关系词用when。先行词courage勇气,指的是物,所以用which,故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句,首先理解关系词区别,然后根据先行词courage确定关系词。
38.A
【解析】句意:——你喜欢哪种音乐?——我喜欢我能跟着跳舞的音乐。A. that可指人或物,引导定语从句时在从句中作主语或宾语;B. when引导定语从句时,在从句中作时间状语;C. who引导定语从句时,指人,在从句中作主语;D. where引导定语从句时,在从句中作地点状语。根据"I like music ________ I can dance to."可知,此处为定语从句,先行词为"music",指物,且在从句中作宾语,因此应该用关系代词"that"引导,故答案为:A。
【点评】考查定语从句。注意区分关系代词和关系副词的用法,关系代词在从句中作主语或宾语,关系副词在从句中作状语。同时,要根据先行词选择合适的关系词。
39.A
【解析】句意:由于成都天府国际机场的开放,成都成为中国第三个拥有两个机场的城市。本句是定语从句,先行词city被序数词the third修饰,且在从句中作主语,因此只能有that引导定语从句。故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句。注意定语从句中,先行词在从句中做主语,被序数词修饰,只能用that引导。
40.A
【解析】句意:我将用不忘记那些在我的生活中帮助我和支持我的重要的人。修饰先行词people的定语从句,从句缺少主语,故用代词who。故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句,先行词为人在从句中做主语的时候引导词可以使用that/who。
41.A
【解析】句意:这个穿着红裙子的漂亮的女人是我们的英语老师。根据句子成分可知应填定语从句的引导词,修饰woman,且在从句中做主语,who/that可在定语从句中做主语,且修饰人,故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句,注意识记定语从句的用法。
42.B
【解析】句意:这是我曾经参观过的最有趣的城市。在定语从句中当先行词为人,在从句中做主语关系代词用who;当先行词为物,在从句中做主语或者宾语,关系代词用that或which;当先行词为地点,在从句中做地点状语用where。当先行词前有形容词最高级修饰时用that。根据题意 故选B
【点评】本题考查定语从句。以及who;that;which;where四个关系代词的词义和用法。
43.B
【解析】句意:我想告诉你一些有关交通规则的信息,当你在英国旅游时你会发现很有用。分析句子结构可知,这是一个定语从句,先行词是 traffic rules,物,故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句。注意先行词是物时引导词的选择。
44.C
【解析】句意:——我想知道Maria今天晚上是否加入我们一起看音乐会。——如果她完成了她的家庭作业,她会来的。joins加入,参加,第三人称单数形式;will join一般将来时态;finishes完成,第三人称单数形式;will finish一般将来时。根据句式结构可知,在第一句话中if意为“是否”,引导宾语从句,从句中表示将来的事情,应用一般将来时态,故先排除A和B;第二句话中if意为“如果”,引导条件状语从句,从句中用一般将来时态,主句用一般将来时。故选C。
【点评】考查连词if的用法。掌握if引导的宾语从句和条件状语从句的用法。
45.C
【解析】句意:——你看过电视剧《人民的名义》吗?——这是最受欢迎的电视剧,显示了我们党正在与腐败作斗争(反对腐败)。当先行词前有形容词的最高级the most popular,关系代词只能用that。故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句。注意区分掌握不同的关系代词的用法。
46.A
【解析】句意:——你看过电影《流浪的地球》吗?——看过,它是我看过的最好的一部电影。 根据句式结构,这是含有定语从句的主从复合句。先行词是the best one,当先行词被最高级修饰时,关系代词用that,故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句的关系代词。要注意定语从句的关系词的使用规则。
47.A
【解析】句意:昨天那个来看约翰的妇女是他的阿姨。此题考查定语从句,先行词为the woman 那个妇女,指人,在定语从句中作主语,所以关系代词用who或者that,故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句。
48.A
【解析】句意:——你有什么想为自己说的吗 ——不,我没什么可说的。这里根据句意可知句子you want to say for yourself是anything的定语从句,表示你想对自己说的……,主句Do you have anything结构完整,当先行词是指物的不定代词anything时,只能用that引导从句,故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句,注意掌握that, which, who引导限制性定语从句时的用法区别。
49.A
【解析】句意:——你喜欢什么类型的电影?——我更喜欢那些让我思考的电影。根据句意可知这是一个定语从句,此句的先行词是movies,引导定语从句的关联词不用what排除C,先行词为物不用who排除D;定语从句的主语that或which指代movies,动词不能用三单形式,故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句,注意关系词的选择、从句中的主谓一致要看关系词代表的先行词的单复数。
50.D
【解析】句意:我喜欢可以跳舞的音乐。A:谁(指代人,作宾语);B:什么时候(指代时间);C:谁(指代人,作主语/宾语);D:(指代人/事物,无意义)。根据先行词music,可知指代事物,关系词应用that,作从句的宾语。故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句关系词。注意熟记 关系代词"that",既可以用于指代人,也可以用于指代物,并在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。
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