《创新课堂》Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking 课件 高中英语选择性必修第三册（人教版）
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| 名称 | 《创新课堂》Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking 课件 高中英语选择性必修第三册（人教版） |
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| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 1.5MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2026-02-06 00:00:00 | ||
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(共144张PPT)
Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking
目 录
01
文本透析·剖语篇
02
篇章助解·释疑难
03
随堂检测·要过关
04
课时检测·提能力
05
核心知识·巧突破
06
随堂检测·要过关
08
课时检测·提能力
文本透析·剖语篇
Pre-reading
Before reading the passage， answer the following questions.
Have you ever tried to correct one bad habit？ How？ What was the
result？
Yes， I once tried to correct the bad habit of carelessness. To deal with
it， I first made a detailed daily plan， setting time limits for each task. I
also used a timer to keep myself on track and motivated. Gradually， I
became more careful. This experience taught me that with determination
and the right strategies， it’s possible to overcome bad habits.
While-reading
第一步：析架构理清脉络
1. Match the main idea with each paragraph.
Part 1（Para.1） A. How to change bad habits and create good ones.
Part 2（Para.2） B. The cycle of how habits are formed.
Part 3（Paras.3－4） C. Changing bad habits gradually.
Part 4（Para.5） D. No easy way to change bad habits.
Part 5（Para.6） E. What a habit is.
Part 6（Para.7） F. Why bad teenage habits should be changed.
答案：Parts 1－6 FEBACD
2. What is the text mainly about？（ ）
A. What a habit is.
B. Why bad habits should be changed.
C. How to change bad habits and create good ones.
D. What the “habit cycle” is.
√
第二步：知细节明察秋毫
1. What should teenagers first do to prevent harmful habits from
dominating their lives？（ ）
A. Stay away from bad habits.
B. Recognise bad habits.
C. Think out ways to get rid of them.
D. Change themselves.
√
2. How does the author develop this paragraph？（ ）
A. By making comparisons.
B. By citing quotations.
C. By giving examples.
D. By listing numbers.
√
3. What does the second paragraph mainly tell us？（ ）
A. How we can get rid of bad habits.
B. How bad habits are formed.
C. How we can make a choice.
D. Why choices can become automatic.
√
4. What does “magic pill” in the last paragraph mean？（ ）
A. A kind of medicine.
B. A pill eaten by a patient.
C. A way to solve all problems.
D. A medicine to cure all illnesses.
√
5. What kind of attitude does the author hold to change bad habits？
（ ）
A. Negative. B. Sad.
C. Doubtful. D. Positive.
√
第三步：辨难句拆分解读
1. These bad habits， if left unchecked， could lead to more serious ones
when they become adults.
句式分析： 是主
句；when引导 从句；if left unchecked是条件状语从句的
省略结构，完整形式为 。
自主翻译：
These bad habits could lead to more serious ones
时间状语
if they are left unchecked
如果任其发展，在他们长大成人后，这些不良习惯可能
会导致更为严重的有害习惯。
2. The good news is that we can change， if we understand how habits
work.
句式分析：that引导 从句，在表语从句中if引导
从句；how habits work是宾语从句。
自主翻译：
表语
条件状语
好消息是，如果我们了解习惯是怎么运作的，我们就可
以作出改变。
3. For example， when we come to an escalator （cue）， our normal
routine is to ride it， but we could change this routine into something more
positive by taking the stairs instead.
句式分析：when引导 从句；but连接 。
自主翻译：
时间状语
并列句
例如，当我们走到电梯前的时候（触发因素），我们的
惯常行为是乘坐电梯，但是我们可以改为走楼梯，从而将上述惯常行
为改变为一个更积极的事情。
Post-reading
第一步：抒己见提升思维
Work in groups and put forward practical advice on how to break bad
habits and create good ones for a healthy lifestyle.（The answers may
vary.）
（1）Understand how habit cycles work；
（2）Get to know how bad habits influence a person’s life；
（3）Use the science of psychology to help teenagers to rid themselves of
bad habits；
（4）Never expect a quick and sudden change；
（5）Show some discipline to them and repeatedly make small changes.
第二步：课文语法填空
As teenagers grow up，they become more independent and start
making their own decisions.However， during this period， it can be easy
1. some of them to form bad habits.These bad habits， if
2. （leave） unchecked， could lead to more serious ones when
they become adults.To change bad habits is never easy，even with many
3. （attempt）.The good news is that we can change our
bad habits if we understand 4. habits work.
for
left
attempts
how
To facilitate 5. positive change in our bad habits，we must first
examine our bad habit cycles and then try to adapt them.We can do this by
6. （combine） the information from our habit cycles with
our own positive ideas.We can also use the habit cycle 7.
（create） good habits.Many of us try to change bad habits quickly， and
if we are not successful straight away， we often become pessimistic and
give up.In fact， the most successful way to change is not suddenly，
8. over a period of time.To reach the goal of change， a person
must 9. （repeated） take many small steps.
Young people have the power to build a happy and 10.
（health） life full of good habits！
a
combining
to create
but
repeatedly
healthy
篇章助解·释疑难
HABITS FOR A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE
[1]As teenagers grow up， they become more independent① and
start making their own decisions②.However， during this period， [2]it
can be easy for some of them to form bad habits. These bad habits， [3]if
left unchecked③， could lead to④ more serious ones when they become
adults.For example， some of them may become involved⑤ in tobacco⑥
or alcohol⑦ abuse⑧，[4]which can lead to physical⑨ and mental health
problems.[5]To prevent harmful habits like these from dominating⑩ a
teenager’s life is essential .They must learn to recognise bad habits
early and make appropriate changes .
[1]As teenagers grow up是时间状语从句；they
become ...decisions是主句；making their own decisions是动词-ing短
语作动词start的宾语。
[2]it是形式主语；for some of them to form bad habits是动词不定
式复合结构，作真正的主语。
[3]条件状语从句的省略，if后面省略了they are。
[4]which 引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句的内容。
[5]To prevent ... life是动词不定式短语作主语，本句相当于It is
essential to prevent ...life。
①independent adj.独立的
independence n.独立；自主
②make a decision作决定
③unchecked adj.不加约束的；不受限制的；放任的
④lead to导致；通向
⑤involved adj.有关的；卷入的
be/become involved in ...参与……
⑥tobacco n.烟草；烟叶
⑦alcohol n.酒；酒精
⑧abuse n.滥用；虐待；辱骂
vt.滥用；虐待；辱骂
⑨physical adj.身体的；客观存在的；物理学的
physically adv.身体上地
⑩dominate vt.& vi.支配；控制；占有优势
essential adj.必要的；本质的
make appropriate changes作出适当的改变
[6]To change bad habits is never easy， even with many attempts
.There is a famous saying [7]based on the philosophy of Aristotle：
“We are [8]what we repeatedly do.” In many ways， our lifestyle is
the sum of choices [9]we have made.We make a choice [10]to do
something， and then we repeat it over and over again .Soon that choice
becomes automatic and forms a habit [11]that is much harder to
change.[12]The good news is that we can change， if we understand how
habits work.
[6]动词不定式短语作主语。
[7]过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰a famous saying。
[8]what 引导表语从句，在从句中作do的宾语。
[9]we have made是省略了关系代词that或which的定语从句，修
饰先行词choices。
[10]动词不定式短语作后置定语，修饰名词choice。
[11]that 引导定语从句，修饰先行词a habit。
[12]that引导表语从句；if引导条件状语从句；how habits work是
宾语从句。
attempt n.& vt.企图；尝试
attempt to do sth＝make an attempt to do sth企图做某事
（be） based on以……为基础
repeatedly adv.重复地
repeat vt.重复
over and over again一再地；反复地
automatic adj.自动的；无意识的
automatically adv.自动地；无意识地
According to modern psychology ， we must first learn about the
“habit cycle ”， [13]which works like this：
·Firstly， [14]there is a “cue ”， an action， event， or situation
that acts as a signal to do something.
·Secondly， [15]there is a “routine ”， the regular action you take
in response to the cue.
·Thirdly， [16]there is the “reward ”， the good thing or feeling
we get from the routine.
For example， when we feel unhappy （cue）， we eat lots of
unhealthy snacks （routine）， [17]which makes us feel happy
（reward）.[18]The reward makes us much more likely to continue the
cycle， and the bad habit of relying on unhealthy snacks is formed.
[13]which 引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the “habit cycle”。
[14]there is a “cue”是句子主干；an action ...situation是同位语，对cue的内容进行解释说明；that引导定语从句，修饰前面的同位语。
[15]there is a “routine”是句子主干；the regular action是同位语；you take ...cue是定语从句，修饰先行词action。
[16]there is the “reward”是句子主干；the good thing or feeling是同位语；we get from the routine是定语从句，修饰先行词thing or feeling。
[17]which 引导非限制性定语从句；feel happy是省略to的动词不定式短语作宾语补足语。
[18]The reward是主语，makes是谓语，us是宾语，to continue the cycle是动词不定式短语作宾语补足语。
psychology n.心理学；心理；心理影响
cycle n.循环；周期
cue n.提示；暗示；信号
vt.给（某人）暗示（或提示）
act as 担任；充当
a signal to do sth做某事的信号
routine n.常规；惯常行为
adj.常规的；日常的
in response to 回答；答复
reward n.回报；奖励；报酬vt.奖励；奖赏；给以报酬
unhealthy adj.不健康的
rely vi.依赖；依靠；信赖
rely on 依赖；依靠；信赖
[19]To facilitate a positive change in our bad habits， we must
first examine our bad habit cycles and then try to adapt them.We can
do this by [20]combining the information from our habit cycles with our
own positive ideas.For example， we could try [21]to replace a negative
routine with something more positive.So， when we feel unhappy
again （cue）， rather than eat snacks， we could listen to some of our
favourite music instead （routine）， [22]which will make us feel
relaxed （reward）.
Aside from [23]changing bad habits， we can also use the habit cycle
[24]to create good habits.For example， when we come to an escalator
（cue）， our normal routine is [25]to ride it， but we could change this
routine into something more positive by taking the stairs instead.
[19]动词不定式短语To facilitate ...habits作目的状语，must
examine和（must） try是并列谓语，to adapt them是动词不定式短语
作try的宾语。
[20]动词-ing短语作介词by的宾语。
[21]动词不定式短语作动词try的宾语。
[22]which引导非限制性定语从句，feel relaxed是省略to的动词
不定式短语作宾语补足语。
[23]动词-ing短语作介词from的宾语。
[24]动词不定式短语作目的状语。
[25]动词不定式短语作表语。
facilitate vt.促进；促使；使便利
facilitate economic growth 促进经济增长
examine vt.（仔细）检查；审查；测验
adapt vt.使适应；改编
adapt to ...适应……
combine ...with ...把……和……结合起来
negative adj.消极的；有害的；否定的
positive adj.积极的，正面的
replace ...with ...用……代替……
rather than而不是
relaxed adj.放松的，自在的
relaxing adj.令人放松的
relax v.（使）放松
aside from除……以外
escalator n.自动扶梯； 滚梯
Many of us try [26]to change bad habits quickly， and if we are not
successful straight away ， we often become pessimistic and give up
.In fact， the most successful way [27]to change is not suddenly， but
over a period of time.[28]As the Chinese philosopher Laozi wrote，“A
journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.” One step seems
small， but it is essential.[29]To reach the goal of change， a person
must show some discipline and repeatedly take many small steps.After
all ， [30]it is not easy to break bad habits.
[26]动词不定式短语作动词try的宾语。
[27]动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词way。
[28]As引导定语从句，指代后面主句的内容。
[29]动词不定式短语作目的状语。
[30]it是形式主语，to break bad habits是动词不定式短语作真正的主语。
straight away立即；马上
pessimistic adj.悲观的；悲观主义的
optimistic adj.乐观的；乐观主义的
give up放弃
discipline n.自制力；纪律；学科vt.自我控制；管教；处罚
For young people， there is plenty of time [31]to change bad
habits.However， there is no “magic pill ” or delete button [32]that
will help you； you have to think about your bad habits and decide on
some changes.You have the power [33]to build a happy and healthy life
full of good habits！
[31]动词不定式短语作后置定语，修饰名词time。
[32]that引导定语从句，修饰先行词“magic pill” or delete
button。
[33]to build a ... habits是动词不定式短语作后置定语，修饰名
词power； full of good habits是形容词短语作后置定语，修饰名词life。
after all终究；毕竟
plenty of大量；很多
pill n.药丸；药片
delete v.删去；删除
delete button 删除键
decide on决定；选定
参考译文
健康的生活方式需养成的习惯
在成长过程中，青少年会变得越来越独立，并且开始自己做决
定。然而，在这一时期，他们中的一部分人容易养成不良习惯。如果
任其发展，在他们长大成人后，这些不良习惯可能会导致更为严重的
有害习惯。例如，有些青少年会沉溺于烟酒不能自拔，造成生理和心
理健康问题。防止此类有害习惯主宰青少年的生活是至关重要的。他
们必须学会早早认清不良习惯并作出适当的改变。
改变不良习惯从来都不是一件容易的事情，即使你三番五次地尝
试。有一条基于亚里士多德哲学思想的著名谚语说道：“重复的行为
造就了我们。”从很多方面看，我们的生活方式是我们所作出的选择
的总和。我们选择做某件事，接着我们反反复复地做这件事。不久之
后，这项选择就变得自然而然，成为一种更加难以改变的习惯。好消
息是，如果我们了解习惯是怎么运作的，我们就可以作出改变。
根据现代心理学，我们必须首先了解“习惯循环”，其工作原理
如下：
·第一是“触发因素”，即一个行动、事件或状况，充当要做某事
的讯号。
·第二是“惯常行为”，即你响应触发因素而采取的常规行动。
·第三是“回报”，即我们从惯常行为中获得的美好事物或感受。
例如，当我们感到不高兴时（触发因素），我们会吃很多不健康
零食（惯常行为），这让我们感到快乐（回报）。这一回报使我们更
有可能继续这一循环，从而形成了依赖不健康零食这一不良习惯。
想要促使不良习惯朝着积极的方向转化，我们必须首先审视自己
的坏习惯循环，然后尽力去调整。为了做到这一点，我们可以把来自
我们不良习惯循环的信息与我们自己的积极想法结合起来。例如，我
们可以试着将一个消极的惯常行为替换为一个更积极的东西。因此，
当我们再次感到不高兴时（触发因素），我们可以听几首自己最喜爱
的音乐（惯常行为），而不是吃零食，这会使我们感到放松（回
报）。除了改变不良习惯之外，我们还可以利用习惯循环来养成良好
的习惯。例如，当我们走到电梯前的时候（触发因素），我们的惯常
行为是乘坐电梯，但是我们可以改为走楼梯，从而将上述惯常行为改
变为一个更积极的事情。
我们中很多人试图迅速改变不良习惯，一旦没有立刻成功，我们
往往变得悲观，继而放弃。事实上，改变不良习惯的最佳方法不是一
蹴而就，而是需要一段时间。正如中国哲学家老子所说：“千里之
行，始于足下。”一步似乎很小，却至关重要。为了实现改变这一目
标，一个人必须展示出一定程度的自制力，不断地迈出许多小步。毕
竟，戒除不良习惯并非易事。
对年轻人来说，有大量的时间可以改变不良习惯。然而，能
帮助你的“魔力丸”或删除键并不存在；你必须思考自己的不良
习惯，选定一些作出改变。你有能力构建一种充满良好习惯的快
乐、健康的生活！
随堂检测·要过关
Ⅰ.词块默写
1. 变得更加独立
2.
沉溺于烟酒不能自拔
become more independent
become involved in tobacco or alcohol abuse
3.
造成生理和心理健康问题
4. 作出适当的改变
5. 响应触发因素
6. 促进积极的改变
7. 使我们感到放松
8.
把这种惯常行为改变为一个更积极的事情
lead to physical and mental health problems
make appropriate changes
in response to the cue
facilitate a positive change
make us feel relaxed
change this routine into something more positive
9.
不断地迈出许多小步
10.
建立一种快乐、健康的生活
repeatedly take many small steps
build a happy and healthy life
Ⅱ.课文原句默写
1. 在成长过程中，青少年会变得越来越独立，并且开始自己做决定。
2. 他们必须学会早早认清不良习惯并作出适当的改变。
3. 好消息是，如果我们了解习惯是怎么运作的，我们就可以作出
改变。
As teenagers grow up， they become more independent and start making
their own decisions.
They must learn to recognise bad habits early and make appropriate
changes.
The good news is that we can change， if we understand how habits work.
4. 想要促使不良习惯朝着积极的方向转化，我们必须首先审视自己的
坏习惯循环，然后尽力去调整。
5. 为了实现改变这一目标，一个人必须展示出一定程度的自制力，不
断地迈出许多小步。
To facilitate a positive change in our bad habits， we must first examine
our bad habit cycles and then try to adapt them.
To reach the goal of change， a person must show some discipline and
repeatedly take many small steps.
课时检测·提能力
阅读理解
A
Scroll through social media sites such as Instagram， Twitter or
Facebook and you will be confronted with picture after picture of perfectly
presented and delicious-looking meals.While the smell and taste of food
can have an undeniably powerful effect on our cravings， are endless posts
of steaming snacks more than just a feast for our eyes？
Our eating habits are influenced by what we see.“There is some
evidence that if you see pictures of food， that visual stimulation can
prompt you to feel a desire to eat，” says Suzanne Higgs， a professor in
the psychobiology of appetite.“If all your friends on social media are
posting pictures or live-streaming of themselves consuming fast food，
it’s going to set a norm that eating fast food is what people do.”
Scientists are becoming increasingly concerned that food-related
content on social media is making us think differently about food.Social
media algorithms （算法） promote content that users engage with
more， so viewing more unhealthy food means seeing more of it on our
social media feeds.
“It seems that healthier foods are often seen as boring in
comparison，” says Tina Tessitore， associate professor of
marketing.“In advertising， you see unhealthy food in social settings —
people having a barbecue with friends， for example， while healthy food
often focuses more on the nutritional value.If you saw friends eating salad
together， it would seem so incredible.”
But while studies have found that social media can make us think
differently about food， and that we typically engage more with content
featuring unhealthy food， it’s uncertain yet whether this actually
translates to our changes in our behavior in daily life.“If I’m scrolling
through Instagram， looking at photos of tasty food， whether I seek out
the food depends on how hungry I am， and whether it’s appropriate in
that moment，” says Higgs.“And when we do eat， we’re influenced
by more than what we’ve seen online.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了随着社交媒体上出
现越来越多的美食图片，人们开始关注观看不健康食物的内容是否
会影响我们的食物观念，以及是否会养成不健康的饮食习惯。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了随着社交媒体上出
现越来越多的美食图片，人们开始关注观看不健康食物的内容是否
会影响我们的食物观念，以及是否会养成不健康的饮食习惯。
1. What does the author want to tell us in the first two paragraphs？
（ ）
A. The flavour of food can stimulate our appetite.
B. There are many food posts on social media.
C. Social media can help us establish healthy habits.
D. Food posts can bring us negative impacts as well.
√
解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句和第二段内容可知，作
者在前两段想告诉我们，食物帖子不仅给我们带来视觉上的愉悦，也
会给我们带来负面影响。
2. Why are scientists becoming increasingly worried？（ ）
A. People may form the habit of viewing unhealthy food.
B. Social media always encourages us to eat more.
C. Food posts may have negative effects on people.
D. Consuming fast food is becoming more common.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，科学家们之所以越来
越担心，是因为社交媒体算法会推送用户参与更多的内容。因此观看
更多不健康食物意味着社交媒体会推送更多不健康的食物，人们就可
能会形成看不健康食物的习惯。
√
3. What can be inferred in advertising from paragraph 4？（ ）
A. More attention has been paid to healthier foods.
B. All healthy food seems to lack nutritional value.
C. Friends can hardly be seen eating salad together.
D. Having a barbecue is healthier than eating salad.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第四段中Tina Tessitore说的话可推知，
在广告中几乎不会出现与朋友们一起吃沙拉的情景。
√
4. What might the author tell us in the following paragraph？（ ）
A. Social media is changing our daily behavior.
B. More factors are influencing our eating habits.
C. Photos of tasty food always appeal to us to eat.
D. People have formed the same idea of eating food.
√
解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的it’s uncertain yet whether
this actually translates to our changes in our behavior in daily life和And
when we do eat， we’re influenced by more than what we’ve seen
online可知，还有其他因素会影响我们的饮食习惯。因此下一段会讲
更多影响我们饮食习惯的因素。
B
When it comes to making healthy lifestyle changes， which should
come first — changing your diet or becoming more physically active？
Previous studies suggested that providing people with too much
information about nutrition and physical activity at once tends （趋向） to
be discouraging.That has led to the popularity of advising people to make
changes gradually， and set smaller goals.
So the scientists divided 200 inactive participants who were 45 or
older into four groups.One group was instructed in making diet and fitness
changes at the same time； the second group was taught about diet
changes first， and then fitness changes four months later； the third
group changed their exercise habits first and made changes in their eating
habits four months later； the final， control group was not instructed in
either diet or fitness changes but in how to manage their stress.
The researchers followed the groups for a full pared to the
control group， the three intervention （干预） groups made healthy
changes in their diet.Those who changed their fitness habits first
significantly increased the amount of exercise they received daily
compared to the other groups after four months.However， at the end of
the year， the group that changed both diet and exercise at the same time
was the only one that met the nationally recommended targets for both
exercise and nutrition levels， while those who worked on improving their
nutrition first were unable to meet the recommended levels of fitness after
a year.The researchers suspect that changes to diet are easier to make than
changes to physical activity.
The findings show， however， that pairing diet and exercise
changes may help to overcome some of the barriers people face in adding
more physical activity into their lives.“If folks change diet and exercise
orderly，” the scientists say， “they may end up placing more
importance on the first set of behavior changes and feel less pressured to
address the second set.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。要想健康生活，是先改变饮食习惯
还是先改变运动习惯呢？研究发现，两者同时进行效果最佳。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。要想健康生活，是先改变饮食习惯
还是先改变运动习惯呢？研究发现，两者同时进行效果最佳。
5. How is paragraph 3 developed？（ ）
A. By giving examples.
B. By making comparisons.
C. By analyzing causes.
D. By making classifications.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，科学家将200名参与者
分成四组，并分别介绍了这四组的不同情况。由此可知，本段主要是
通过分类的形式来进行阐述的。
√
6. Which group was the most physically active after four months？
（ ）
A. The first group. B. The second group.
C. The third group. D. The control group.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第四段第三句并结合第三段中对四个组
的描述可知，四个月后，第三组即先改变运动习惯的那组参与者相比
其他组，日常运动量显著增加，高于其他组，所以身体活动量最大。
√
7. What might the scientists approve of？（ ）
A. Changing eating habits first may be reasonable.
B. Diet and exercise changes should be made orderly.
C. Diet and exercise changes are equally hard to make.
D. Diet and exercise should be processed at the same time.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第四段倒数第二句及最后一段第一句可
知，饮食和锻炼同时改变的小组最终达到国家推荐目标，而按顺序改
变的小组未完全达标。由此推知，科学家们更赞同两者同时进行。
√
8. Which of the following is the best title for the passage？（ ）
A. Change Your Habits for Better Health
B. Ways to Lead a Healthy and Balanced Life
C. Making Healthy Lifestyle Changes Really Counts
D. Timing Matters in Making Diet and Exercise Changes
解析： 标题归纳题。本文第一段提出“要想健康生活，是先改变
饮食还是先更加积极地运动”这一问题，下文介绍了一项相关的实
验，结果表明，饮食和锻炼同时进行改变效果最佳。因此D项（改变
饮食和锻炼的时间顺序很重要）为本文最佳标题。
√
核心知识·巧突破
核心词汇集释
1. in response to 回答；答复；作为……的答复
教材原句 Secondly， there is a “routine”， the regular action you
take in response to the cue.
第二是“惯常行为”，即你响应触发因素而采取的常规行动。
【用法】
（1）response n.（口头的或书面的）回答，回复；反应
positive/favourable/negative response 积极的/有利的/消极的反应
（2）respond vi. （口头或书面）回答；响应
respond to 回答；响应
respond by doing sth 以……方式回应
【佳句】 I am writing to give a brief introduction to Peking Opera in
response to your request.
应你的请求，我写信简要介绍一下京剧。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①In response food waste， schools have installed smart
dustbins， reducing cafeteria trash by 40%.
to
【写美】 完成句子
②你对我信件的积极回应使我感到莫大的安慰。
brings me great comfort.
Your positive response to my letter
2. reward n.回报；奖励；报酬 vt.奖励；奖赏；给以报酬
教材原句 Thirdly， there is the “reward”， the good thing or feeling
we get from the routine.
第三是“回报”，即我们从惯常行为中获得的美好事物或感受。
【用法】
（1）as a reward （for ...） 作为（对……的）报酬/奖赏
in reward for 为酬谢……；作为……的奖励
（2）reward sb for sth 因某事而奖赏某人
reward sb with sth 用某物奖励/回报某人
（3）rewarding adj.值得做的；有益的；有意义的
【佳句】 After hearing my words， my mum felt more than
happy and kissed my cheek， giving the biggest apple to me as a
reward.听了我的话后，妈妈非常高兴，吻了吻我的脸颊，给了我
最大的苹果作为奖励。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①The school now rewards students for creative problem-solving
digital badges.
②It is a very （reward） exercise to work this out oneself.
with
rewarding
【写美】 完成句子
③为酬谢他的善意，我给了他200美元。
， I offered him $200.
④赢得这场比赛正是该团队付出努力应得的回报。
Winning the match the team had
made.
In reward for his kindness
was a just reward for the effort
3. rely on 依赖；依靠；信赖
教材原句 The reward makes us much more likely to continue the
cycle， and the bad habit of relying on unhealthy snacks is formed.这一
回报使我们更有可能继续这一循环，从而形成了依赖不健康零食这一
不良习惯。
【用法】
（1）rely on/upon （doing） sth 依赖/信任/指望（做）某事
rely on/upon sb to do sth 指望/相信某人做某事
rely on/upon it that ...相信……；指望……
（2）reliable adj. 可信赖的；可依靠的
【佳句】 Nowadays， we rely increasingly on computers for help/to
help us.
现今，我们越来越依赖计算机协助工作。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①A （rely） friend will always be there for you when you
are in trouble.
②We should rely our own efforts to overcome difficulties
instead of always seeking others’ help.
【写美】 完成句子
③我们应该相信，努力和决心能够带来成功。
We that hard work and determination can lead to
success.
reliable
on/upon
should rely on it
4. aside from 除……以外
教材原句 Aside from changing bad habits， we can also use the habit
cycle to create good habits.
除了改变不良习惯之外，我们还可以利用习惯循环来养成良好的
习惯。
【用法】
aside from为介词短语，相当于apart from，后接名词、代词、动词-
ing形式作宾语，用法如下：
（1）表示“除了……外还……”，相当于besides/in addition to；
（2）表示“除了……外都……”，相当于except for。
【写美】 完成句子
除了我的学业以外，我还总是设法找时间做我所感兴趣的事情。
，
I always manage to find time for what I’m interested in.
Aside from/Apart from/In addition to/Besides my academic studies
5. straight away 立即；马上
教材原句 Many of us try to change bad habits quickly， and if we are
not successful straight away， we often become pessimistic and give up.
我们中很多人试图迅速改变不良习惯，一旦没有立刻成功，我们往往
变得悲观，继而放弃。
【用法】
“立刻，马上”的其他表达：
right away right now
at once in no time
【佳句】 When he saw the fire， he called 119 straight away.当他看
到大火时，立即拨打了119。
【写美】 完成句子
我弟弟察觉到我十分尴尬，立即过来帮我。
Sensing that I was quite embarrassed，my younger brother came to my
assistance .
straight away/right away/right now/at once/in no time
6. decide on 决定；选定
教材原句 ...you have to think about your bad habits and decide on
some changes.
……你必须思考自己的不良习惯，选定一些作出改变。
【用法】
【佳句】 ①I am trying to decide on what major I will study at
university， and writing in the hope that you can guide me in my
options.我正在努力决定我将在大学学习什么专业，写信希望您能
指导我的选择。
②Her decision to retire surprised us all.
她退休的决定，让我们所有人都感到惊讶。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Now that I have become a senior student， I have decided
（study） hard to get into a good university.
②We need to decide a suitable topic for our research project
as soon as possible.
【写美】 完成句子
③当你面临如此多的选择时，确实难以做出决定。
when you are faced with so many
choices.
to study
on/upon
It’s really hard to make a decision
重点句型解构
1. 句型公式：状语从句的省略
教材原句 These bad habits， if left unchecked， could lead to more
serious ones when they become adults.
如果任其发展，在他们长大成人后，这些不良习惯可能会导致更为严
重的有害习惯。
【用法】
when、 whenever、 wherever、 if、 while、 before、 after、 unless、
as等引导的状语从句中的主语与主句主语一致或状语从句中的主语
为it时，通常省略从句中的主语和be动词。
【品悟】 Therefore，I can explain the relevant information about
Chinese painting if necessary.
因此，如果有必要，我可以解释有关中国画的相关信息。
【写美】 完成句子
①只要有可能，你就应该来帮忙。
， you should come and help.
②无论哪里需要，他总是乐于助人。
， he is always ready to help others. （人
物介绍）
③如果是真的，这会给我们带来很多麻烦。
， this will cause us a lot of trouble.
Whenever possible
Wherever needed
If true
2. 句型公式：make＋宾语＋宾语补足语
教材原句 The reward makes us much more likely to continue the
cycle， and the bad habit of relying on unhealthy snacks is formed.
这一回报使我们更有可能继续这一循环，从而形成了依赖不健康零食
这一不良习惯。
【用法】
（1）常用于此结构中的动词还有think、 believe、 find、 consider、
feel等，可以用作宾语补足语的有形容词、副词、名词、介词短语、
动词不定式、分词等。
（2）在“make＋it＋形容词/名词＋to do”结构中，it是形式宾语，
动词不定式是真正的宾语。
【品悟】 You must keep your eyes open if you are going to make your
trip to the United Kingdom enjoyable and worthwhile. 如果你想使你的
英国之旅愉快而有价值，你就必须留心观察。
【点津】 make后带动词不定式作宾语补足语时要省略to；但动词不
定式在被动语态中作主语补足语时不能省略to。
【写美】 完成句子
①这次鼓舞人心的演讲让所有在场的学生为他们的梦想更加努力
学习。
The inspiring speech for
their dreams.
② 这位著名作家让他的作品为全世界的人所熟知。
The famous writer all over the
world.
made all the students present work harder
made his works known to people
③乡村的美丽风景让游客们兴奋不已。
The beautiful scenery in the countryside
.
④精心设计的学习计划让复习所有知识点变得方便。
The well-designed study plan
.
made the tourists extremely
excited
makes it convenient to review all the
knowledge points
随堂检测·要过关
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1. Rich extra-curricular activities are available for us to improve
our （身体的） health.
2. What she did was an （滥用） of her position as manager.
3. He has a （消极的） attitude towards study in senior
high school and his headteacher tries to persuade him to focus on study.
4. He argued that the economic recovery had been （促
进） by his tough power.
physical
abuse
negative
facilitated
5. Once my parents find my bad behaviour， I will be
（管教） straight away.
disciplined
Ⅱ.补全句子
1. It’s important that we should （有一个均衡
的饮食） because we need adequate nutrition to grow tall and strong.
2. The world （由……组成） seven continents.
3. We should develop a positive attitude to our lives and
（不应该对我们的生活悲观）.
have a balanced diet
is composed of
never should
we be pessimistic about our lives
课时检测·提能力
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1. The doctor will carefully （检查） the patient to find out
the cause of the illness.
2. We took the （自动扶梯） up to the top floor of the
shopping mall to buy clothes.
3. Teachers often （奖励） students who make great efforts
in their studies with prizes.
4. Studying （心理学） can help us better understand
people’s thoughts and behaviors.
examine
escalator
reward
psychology
5. The powerful company tends to （控制） the local
market with its high-quality products.
6. The government imposed a ban on （烟草） advertising.
7. Scientists have a fairly （消极的） attitude to the
theory.
8. There are no such things as magic p ， and therefore， you should
rely on yourself.
9. Everything will go well， so you needn’t be so p about
your future.
10. Its name has been d from the list of endangered animals， for
the habitat is improving.
dominate
tobacco
negative
ills
essimistic
eleted
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1. I tried to comfort the little girl （dominate） by
extreme fright.
2. You can rely on him （offer） you some advice on how to
get rid of alcohol.
3. After a competitive （examine），I finally got the
chance to serve as a volunteer at the exhibition.
4. If treated straight ， the escalator can function well once
again.
dominated
to offer
examination
away
5. I guarantee that you can keep （physical） healthy by
taking regular exercise.
6. To my anger，my client （repeat） made the same
mistake.
7. The teacher limited her （compose） to 800 words.
8. They asked him to give a speech， but he made no
（respond）.
9. I’m sorry to hear the column Cartoon will （delete）
from our school English newspaper.
10. It is a hard job， but at the same time， it is a
（reward） job.
physically
repeatedly
composition
response
be deleted
rewarding
Ⅲ.补全句子
1. The old man （已选定一个日期） to
celebrate our success.
2. It is clear that he is eager to
（做些事情来回报他们的善意）.
3. We had different opinions （当讨论） what to
put into the video.
4. Your contribution will certainly
（使得这次活动取得巨大成功）.
5. I would like to live in a neighbourhood
（绿树环绕）， where I can refresh myself after a day’s work.
has decided on a date
do something in reward for their
kindness
when discussing
make the event a huge success
surrounded by green trees
Ⅳ.一词多义/熟词生义
快速阅读下列句子并选出句中加蓝词汇对应的意思
1. abuse
A. vt.虐待 B. vt.滥用
C. n.滥用 D. vt.辱骂
①He abused alcohol and tobacco， so he was physically
unhealthy.
②Mary has a difficult life and is often abused by her
stepmother.
③His parents often criticize and abuse him with sharp words.
④To our shock， the person of high rank suffered a lot from drug
abuse.
快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加蓝词汇的意思
B
A
D
C
2. After the event，a number of officials were disciplined for abusing
their power.
3. The percentage of false negatives generated by the cancer test is of
great concern.
处罚
阴性
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Youth Model United Nations Winter Conference 2025
Youth Model United Nations Conference （YMUN） aims to let
young people in China have a voice on the global stage. By participating
in Model UN activities， students will deal with challenges in document
review， issue research， public speaking， negotiation， and
teamwork. They gain broad ideas， sharpen their thinking， and develop
their skills while making lasting friendships. YMUN 2025 in China is to
be important for the youth to learn， lead， and make a difference.
During the winter break， YMUN will hold its 14th official
conference， the 2025 International Youth Model United Nations Winter
Session， from January 20 to February 12，2025. The conference
welcomes students of grade 4 to grade 12 to participate. This conference
will take place across four cities：Shenzhen， Guangzhou， Shanghai
and Beijing. The venues （场地） for these events will be well chosen in
each city， providing an academic atmosphere suitable for in-depth
discussions. Each city will host a unique theme， reflecting the variety of
global challenges.
Beijing Conference
Date： February 9－12， 2025
Venue： Beijing National Convention Center
Theme： Sustainable Cities and Communities
Shanghai Conference
Date： February 9－12， 2025
Venue： Artyzen Habitat Lingang Shanghai
Theme： Climate Action
Guangzhou Conference
Date： February 5－8， 2025
Venue：LLN Garden Hotel Nansha Guangzhou
Theme： Zero Hunger
Shenzhen Conference
Date： January 20－23， 2025
Venue： Hilton Shenzhen Shekou Nanhai
Theme： Quality Education
The conference will feature sessions in both Chinese and English for
middle and elementary school students. The world needs to hear the voices
of youth for a safer， fairer， and better world.
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了“青年模拟联合国
大会”这一活动，包括其目的、举办时间、地点、主题以及参与对
象等信息。
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了“青年模拟联合国
大会”这一活动，包括其目的、举办时间、地点、主题以及参与对
象等信息。
1. Which conference starts the earliest？（ ）
A. Beijing Conference.
B. Shanghai Conference.
C. Guangzhou Conference.
D. Shenzhen Conference.
解析： 细节理解题。根据文章中各部分的日期可知，深圳会议的
开始日期最早。
√
2. Where will the hunger-focused conference be held？（ ）
A. Beijing National Convention Center.
B. Artyzen Habitat Lingang Shanghai.
C. LLN Garden Hotel Nansha Guangzhou.
D. Hilton Shenzhen Shekou Nanhai.
解析： 细节理解题。根据Guangzhou Conference部分中的
Theme：Zero Hunger可知，广州会议的主题和饥饿相关；再根据该部
分的Venue：LLN Garden Hotel Nansha Guangzhou可知，举办地点是广
州南沙里仁洞花园酒店。
√
3. What do Beijing Conference and Shanghai Conference have in
common？（ ）
A. They are held at the same venue.
B. They take place at the same time.
C. They focus on climate solutions.
D. They explore city development.
解析： 细节理解题。根据Beijing Conference和Shanghai
Conference部分中的日期可知，北京会议和上海会议的举办时间
相同。
√
B
Going to work on a couple of eggs might be the way forward if you
want to lose weight.According to research from the Rochester Centre for
Obesity in America， eating eggs for breakfast may reduce daily calorie
intake by over 400 calories.
In the study， 30 overweight women were asked to eat an egg-based
breakfast （2 eggs） and 30 overweight women were asked to eat a bread-
based breakfast.Two kinds of breakfast contained the same amount of
calories and almost the same levels of protein （蛋白质）.The
researchers recorded the women’s eating habits and found that just before
lunch， the women who had eaten eggs for breakfast felt less hungry and
ate a smaller lunch as a result.
Researchers pointed out that certain foods lead to a greater sense of
being full.An egg is an example of such food that has a 50% greater
satiety index （指数） compared to white bread or ready-to-eat breakfast
porridge.This study suggests that eating eggs for breakfast makes you feel
fuller for longer so that you eat less at your next few meals.Therefore， if
you’re trying to lose weight as it means， you may find it easier to cut
calories without feeling hungry.
Eggs are packed with all kinds of nutrients （营养） but contain just
85 calories each.Old advice to limit eggs to just a few each week has also
been given up.According to the Food Standards Agency， there’s now
no limit to the number of eggs you can eat in a week as part of a healthy
balanced diet.If you feel like starting the day with eggs， we suggest you
avoid frying them and eat them with wholemeal toast and a small glass of
vitamin C-rich unsweetened orange juice， which will help the body make
the best use of the iron in the eggs.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了吃鸡蛋有助于减肥。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了吃鸡蛋有助于减肥。
4. What breakfast can lead to eating less for lunch？（ ）
A. Bread. B. Eggs.
C. Juice. D. Porridge.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段和第二段最后一句可知，早餐吃
鸡蛋能让你在一天剩下的时间里减少超过400卡路里的热量摄入。由
此可知，早餐吃鸡蛋能让你午餐吃得少一些。
√
5. What does the underlined word “satiety” probably mean in paragraph
3？（ ）
A. A taste of food. B. A feeling of pride.
C. A state of hunger. D. A sense of being full.
解析： 词义猜测题。根据第三段内容可知，研究指出一些食物会
让人产生更强的饱腹感，鸡蛋的饱腹指数比白面包或即食早餐粥高出
50%。因此satiety与前面的sense of being full互为同义表达，表示“满
足，饱足”。
√
6. What does the Food Standards Agency suggest we do？（ ）
A. Avoid eating fried eggs.
B. Take in as much protein as possible.
C. Drink sweetened orange juice each day.
D. Eat nothing between breakfast and lunch.
解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知，食品标准局建议早
餐吃鸡蛋不要煎，而是搭配全麦吐司和一杯无糖橙汁。
√
7. What is the best title for the text？（ ）
A. Mind Your Calorie Intake
B. Have a Big Breakfast
C. Eat Eggs for Weight Loss
D. Keep a Balanced Diet
解析： 标题归纳题。本文主要论述了吃鸡蛋有助于减肥。因此C
项（吃鸡蛋减肥）为文章最佳标题。
√
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Traveling is becoming more and more popular every year.It can be a
passion for so many people.One of the reasons behind this is the advanced
transportation system that humans have achieved up to now.8.（ ）
There are even personalities who have traveled the entire world.
Everyone has their own reason for traveling.Some people travel for a
break in life.At times， our daily life gets very dull.9.（ ） We get
bored of doing the same things in the same way again and again every
day.We need a breathing space， longing for new adventures in
life.Traveling opens new doors of amusement in life.
Traveling helps in improving social and communication skills.10.
（ ） Traveling involves getting connected with random strangers.It
can be a true exercise for the people dealing with social anxiety.We even
end up learning new languages for traveling.
11.（ ） Traveling forces us to take a break from our normal life
and explore.It makes us appreciate beauty in the world.It fills us with
positive energy.People suffering from spiritual illness from stress often
choose the path of exploring and traveling to cure themselves.It creates
unforgettable and endless fond memories， which comfort them and help
ease their stress.
Traveling gets us real life education.People say that if you cannot
read books， then start traveling for knowledge.What we learn from
traveling different places cannot be taught in any school， college or
university.We learn about different cultures， different societies，
different types of people， different languages.At least， if we are not
able to travel abroad， we can travel our country.12.（ ）
A. Traveling offers an escape from reality.
B. This enables us to know it in a better way.
C. We cannot travel without interacting with anyone.
D. Traveling contributes to maintaining peace of mind.
E. It becomes a cycle of having meals， sleeping and working.
F. One can easily travel from one place to another in less time.
G. People of different countries have different ideas of traveling.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了旅行的好处。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了旅行的好处。
8. F 根据上下文可知，F项承接上文，说明了先进的交通系统使
人们可以很容易地在更短的时间内从一个地方旅行到另一个地
方，下文指出了先进的交通带来的影响是很大的，即有些人甚至
环游了整个世界。
9. E 根据上下文可知，E项承接上文，说明了日常生活变得非常枯
燥的原因，下文指出人们对于这个一成不变的循环感到了厌倦，因此
想去旅行。
10. C 根据上下文可知，C项承接上文，说明了旅行使得人们进行沟
通和交流，下文指出了旅行会给社交带来的好处。
11. D 根据下文可知，旅行带来众多好处，关键在于它对人内心世
界的积极影响，因此D项适合作为本段的主题句。
12. B 根据上文可知，B项承接上文，说明了在国内旅行可以更好地
了解自己国家，是在现实中获取知识得到教育的一种方式。
Ⅲ.完形填空
On the final day of my second year of high school， I was hit in the
face with a baseball bat.After weeks in hospital， 13 ， I returned
home with a broken nose.The following months were 14 .It felt like
everything was on pause.And I became painfully 15 that my return to
baseball was not smooth.
After a year of self-doubt， I 16 not to let my injury get me
down.If things were going to improve， I knew I was the one 17 for
making it happen.
When I began college， I 18 getting my life in order.While my
peers stayed up late and played video games， I 19 good sleep
habits.In the 20 world of a college dorm， I kept my room neat and
tidy.These 21 were minor，but they gave me a sense of control over
my life.I started to feel 22 again.I improved my 23 habits and
managed to earn straight A’s.I made it a habit to lift weights， and my
body 24 from a featherweight 170 to a strong 200 pounds.
Changes that seem small at first will contribute to 25 results if
you stick with them for years.My sleep habits，study habits， and
strength-training habits 26 .Six years after the 27 ， I was named
to the Academic All-America Team.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者在受伤后经历了从意志消
沉到决心改变的心理过程，并得到了很好的结果。
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者在受伤后经历了从意志消
沉到决心改变的心理过程，并得到了很好的结果。
13. A. positively B. slightly
C. mercifully D. hopefully
解析： 根据语境可知，幸运的是，作者在医院住了几个星期后，
带着骨折的鼻子回到了家。
14. A. tough B. secure
C. peaceful D. easy
解析： 根据下文It felt like everything was on pause.可知，作者出院
后在家养伤的日子是难熬的。
√
√
15. A. suspicious B. eager
C. aware D. resistant
解析： 根据下文that my return to baseball was not smooth可知，作
者痛苦地意识到自己不能顺利重返棒球场。
16. A. hesitated B. determined
C. afforded D. failed
解析： 根据下文not to let my injury get me down可知，作者决定改
变自我怀疑、意志消沉的状态。
√
√
17. A. admirable B. available
C. suitable D. responsible
解析： 如果情况将要好转，作者认为自己是那个有责任让它发生
的人。
18. A. agreed on B. focused on
C. ended up D. drew on
解析： 上文提到作者决定改变，所以作者上大学后专注于使自己
的大学生活步入正轨。
√
√
19. A. broke B. quit C. built D. rid
解析： 根据While表示对比可知，此处指作者养成了良好的睡
眠习惯。
20. A. harmonious B. noisy
C. tolerant D. messy
解析： 上一句作者就睡眠问题和同龄人对比；这一句应该也是对
比，指作者在脏乱的宿舍里保持自己的房间整洁。
√
√
21. A. improvements B. contributions
C. additions D. arguments
解析： 上文讲作者养成好的睡眠习惯，保持自己的房间整洁，是
讲作者在进步。improvement与第二段的improve呼应。
22. A. discontent B. confident
C. relaxed D. depressed
解析： 根据上文but they gave me a sense of control over my life可
知，作者重新开始变得自信起来。
√
√
23. A. study B. exercise C. food D. sleep
解析： 根据下文managed to earn straight A’s可知，作者改进了自
己的学习习惯。
24. A. ranged B. prevented
C. transformed D. protected
解析： 作者开始坚持举重后，体重从170磅变化到200磅。
√
√
25. A. disappointing B. ordinary
C. contradictory D. remarkable
解析： 根据语境可知，如果你坚持几年，一开始看起来很小的改
变将会带来显著的效果。remarkable意为“非凡的，显著的，不容小
觑的”，与small对应。
√
26. A. took off B. paid off
C. caught up D. sped up
解析： 根据下文I was named to the Academic All-America Team可
知，作者的好习惯取得了成效，付出终有回报。pay off意为“得到回
报”。
√
27. A. injury B. victim
C. threat D. disability
解析： 文章一开始从作者受伤说起，叙述了作者受伤后从消沉到
崛起的心路历程，此处指作者受伤六年后终于取得的成果，入选了全
美学术团队。
√
Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking
目 录
01
文本透析·剖语篇
02
篇章助解·释疑难
03
随堂检测·要过关
04
课时检测·提能力
05
核心知识·巧突破
06
随堂检测·要过关
08
课时检测·提能力
文本透析·剖语篇
Pre-reading
Before reading the passage， answer the following questions.
Have you ever tried to correct one bad habit？ How？ What was the
result？
Yes， I once tried to correct the bad habit of carelessness. To deal with
it， I first made a detailed daily plan， setting time limits for each task. I
also used a timer to keep myself on track and motivated. Gradually， I
became more careful. This experience taught me that with determination
and the right strategies， it’s possible to overcome bad habits.
While-reading
第一步：析架构理清脉络
1. Match the main idea with each paragraph.
Part 1（Para.1） A. How to change bad habits and create good ones.
Part 2（Para.2） B. The cycle of how habits are formed.
Part 3（Paras.3－4） C. Changing bad habits gradually.
Part 4（Para.5） D. No easy way to change bad habits.
Part 5（Para.6） E. What a habit is.
Part 6（Para.7） F. Why bad teenage habits should be changed.
答案：Parts 1－6 FEBACD
2. What is the text mainly about？（ ）
A. What a habit is.
B. Why bad habits should be changed.
C. How to change bad habits and create good ones.
D. What the “habit cycle” is.
√
第二步：知细节明察秋毫
1. What should teenagers first do to prevent harmful habits from
dominating their lives？（ ）
A. Stay away from bad habits.
B. Recognise bad habits.
C. Think out ways to get rid of them.
D. Change themselves.
√
2. How does the author develop this paragraph？（ ）
A. By making comparisons.
B. By citing quotations.
C. By giving examples.
D. By listing numbers.
√
3. What does the second paragraph mainly tell us？（ ）
A. How we can get rid of bad habits.
B. How bad habits are formed.
C. How we can make a choice.
D. Why choices can become automatic.
√
4. What does “magic pill” in the last paragraph mean？（ ）
A. A kind of medicine.
B. A pill eaten by a patient.
C. A way to solve all problems.
D. A medicine to cure all illnesses.
√
5. What kind of attitude does the author hold to change bad habits？
（ ）
A. Negative. B. Sad.
C. Doubtful. D. Positive.
√
第三步：辨难句拆分解读
1. These bad habits， if left unchecked， could lead to more serious ones
when they become adults.
句式分析： 是主
句；when引导 从句；if left unchecked是条件状语从句的
省略结构，完整形式为 。
自主翻译：
These bad habits could lead to more serious ones
时间状语
if they are left unchecked
如果任其发展，在他们长大成人后，这些不良习惯可能
会导致更为严重的有害习惯。
2. The good news is that we can change， if we understand how habits
work.
句式分析：that引导 从句，在表语从句中if引导
从句；how habits work是宾语从句。
自主翻译：
表语
条件状语
好消息是，如果我们了解习惯是怎么运作的，我们就可
以作出改变。
3. For example， when we come to an escalator （cue）， our normal
routine is to ride it， but we could change this routine into something more
positive by taking the stairs instead.
句式分析：when引导 从句；but连接 。
自主翻译：
时间状语
并列句
例如，当我们走到电梯前的时候（触发因素），我们的
惯常行为是乘坐电梯，但是我们可以改为走楼梯，从而将上述惯常行
为改变为一个更积极的事情。
Post-reading
第一步：抒己见提升思维
Work in groups and put forward practical advice on how to break bad
habits and create good ones for a healthy lifestyle.（The answers may
vary.）
（1）Understand how habit cycles work；
（2）Get to know how bad habits influence a person’s life；
（3）Use the science of psychology to help teenagers to rid themselves of
bad habits；
（4）Never expect a quick and sudden change；
（5）Show some discipline to them and repeatedly make small changes.
第二步：课文语法填空
As teenagers grow up，they become more independent and start
making their own decisions.However， during this period， it can be easy
1. some of them to form bad habits.These bad habits， if
2. （leave） unchecked， could lead to more serious ones when
they become adults.To change bad habits is never easy，even with many
3. （attempt）.The good news is that we can change our
bad habits if we understand 4. habits work.
for
left
attempts
how
To facilitate 5. positive change in our bad habits，we must first
examine our bad habit cycles and then try to adapt them.We can do this by
6. （combine） the information from our habit cycles with
our own positive ideas.We can also use the habit cycle 7.
（create） good habits.Many of us try to change bad habits quickly， and
if we are not successful straight away， we often become pessimistic and
give up.In fact， the most successful way to change is not suddenly，
8. over a period of time.To reach the goal of change， a person
must 9. （repeated） take many small steps.
Young people have the power to build a happy and 10.
（health） life full of good habits！
a
combining
to create
but
repeatedly
healthy
篇章助解·释疑难
HABITS FOR A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE
[1]As teenagers grow up， they become more independent① and
start making their own decisions②.However， during this period， [2]it
can be easy for some of them to form bad habits. These bad habits， [3]if
left unchecked③， could lead to④ more serious ones when they become
adults.For example， some of them may become involved⑤ in tobacco⑥
or alcohol⑦ abuse⑧，[4]which can lead to physical⑨ and mental health
problems.[5]To prevent harmful habits like these from dominating⑩ a
teenager’s life is essential .They must learn to recognise bad habits
early and make appropriate changes .
[1]As teenagers grow up是时间状语从句；they
become ...decisions是主句；making their own decisions是动词-ing短
语作动词start的宾语。
[2]it是形式主语；for some of them to form bad habits是动词不定
式复合结构，作真正的主语。
[3]条件状语从句的省略，if后面省略了they are。
[4]which 引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句的内容。
[5]To prevent ... life是动词不定式短语作主语，本句相当于It is
essential to prevent ...life。
①independent adj.独立的
independence n.独立；自主
②make a decision作决定
③unchecked adj.不加约束的；不受限制的；放任的
④lead to导致；通向
⑤involved adj.有关的；卷入的
be/become involved in ...参与……
⑥tobacco n.烟草；烟叶
⑦alcohol n.酒；酒精
⑧abuse n.滥用；虐待；辱骂
vt.滥用；虐待；辱骂
⑨physical adj.身体的；客观存在的；物理学的
physically adv.身体上地
⑩dominate vt.& vi.支配；控制；占有优势
essential adj.必要的；本质的
make appropriate changes作出适当的改变
[6]To change bad habits is never easy， even with many attempts
.There is a famous saying [7]based on the philosophy of Aristotle：
“We are [8]what we repeatedly do.” In many ways， our lifestyle is
the sum of choices [9]we have made.We make a choice [10]to do
something， and then we repeat it over and over again .Soon that choice
becomes automatic and forms a habit [11]that is much harder to
change.[12]The good news is that we can change， if we understand how
habits work.
[6]动词不定式短语作主语。
[7]过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰a famous saying。
[8]what 引导表语从句，在从句中作do的宾语。
[9]we have made是省略了关系代词that或which的定语从句，修
饰先行词choices。
[10]动词不定式短语作后置定语，修饰名词choice。
[11]that 引导定语从句，修饰先行词a habit。
[12]that引导表语从句；if引导条件状语从句；how habits work是
宾语从句。
attempt n.& vt.企图；尝试
attempt to do sth＝make an attempt to do sth企图做某事
（be） based on以……为基础
repeatedly adv.重复地
repeat vt.重复
over and over again一再地；反复地
automatic adj.自动的；无意识的
automatically adv.自动地；无意识地
According to modern psychology ， we must first learn about the
“habit cycle ”， [13]which works like this：
·Firstly， [14]there is a “cue ”， an action， event， or situation
that acts as a signal to do something.
·Secondly， [15]there is a “routine ”， the regular action you take
in response to the cue.
·Thirdly， [16]there is the “reward ”， the good thing or feeling
we get from the routine.
For example， when we feel unhappy （cue）， we eat lots of
unhealthy snacks （routine）， [17]which makes us feel happy
（reward）.[18]The reward makes us much more likely to continue the
cycle， and the bad habit of relying on unhealthy snacks is formed.
[13]which 引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the “habit cycle”。
[14]there is a “cue”是句子主干；an action ...situation是同位语，对cue的内容进行解释说明；that引导定语从句，修饰前面的同位语。
[15]there is a “routine”是句子主干；the regular action是同位语；you take ...cue是定语从句，修饰先行词action。
[16]there is the “reward”是句子主干；the good thing or feeling是同位语；we get from the routine是定语从句，修饰先行词thing or feeling。
[17]which 引导非限制性定语从句；feel happy是省略to的动词不定式短语作宾语补足语。
[18]The reward是主语，makes是谓语，us是宾语，to continue the cycle是动词不定式短语作宾语补足语。
psychology n.心理学；心理；心理影响
cycle n.循环；周期
cue n.提示；暗示；信号
vt.给（某人）暗示（或提示）
act as 担任；充当
a signal to do sth做某事的信号
routine n.常规；惯常行为
adj.常规的；日常的
in response to 回答；答复
reward n.回报；奖励；报酬vt.奖励；奖赏；给以报酬
unhealthy adj.不健康的
rely vi.依赖；依靠；信赖
rely on 依赖；依靠；信赖
[19]To facilitate a positive change in our bad habits， we must
first examine our bad habit cycles and then try to adapt them.We can
do this by [20]combining the information from our habit cycles with our
own positive ideas.For example， we could try [21]to replace a negative
routine with something more positive.So， when we feel unhappy
again （cue）， rather than eat snacks， we could listen to some of our
favourite music instead （routine）， [22]which will make us feel
relaxed （reward）.
Aside from [23]changing bad habits， we can also use the habit cycle
[24]to create good habits.For example， when we come to an escalator
（cue）， our normal routine is [25]to ride it， but we could change this
routine into something more positive by taking the stairs instead.
[19]动词不定式短语To facilitate ...habits作目的状语，must
examine和（must） try是并列谓语，to adapt them是动词不定式短语
作try的宾语。
[20]动词-ing短语作介词by的宾语。
[21]动词不定式短语作动词try的宾语。
[22]which引导非限制性定语从句，feel relaxed是省略to的动词
不定式短语作宾语补足语。
[23]动词-ing短语作介词from的宾语。
[24]动词不定式短语作目的状语。
[25]动词不定式短语作表语。
facilitate vt.促进；促使；使便利
facilitate economic growth 促进经济增长
examine vt.（仔细）检查；审查；测验
adapt vt.使适应；改编
adapt to ...适应……
combine ...with ...把……和……结合起来
negative adj.消极的；有害的；否定的
positive adj.积极的，正面的
replace ...with ...用……代替……
rather than而不是
relaxed adj.放松的，自在的
relaxing adj.令人放松的
relax v.（使）放松
aside from除……以外
escalator n.自动扶梯； 滚梯
Many of us try [26]to change bad habits quickly， and if we are not
successful straight away ， we often become pessimistic and give up
.In fact， the most successful way [27]to change is not suddenly， but
over a period of time.[28]As the Chinese philosopher Laozi wrote，“A
journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.” One step seems
small， but it is essential.[29]To reach the goal of change， a person
must show some discipline and repeatedly take many small steps.After
all ， [30]it is not easy to break bad habits.
[26]动词不定式短语作动词try的宾语。
[27]动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词way。
[28]As引导定语从句，指代后面主句的内容。
[29]动词不定式短语作目的状语。
[30]it是形式主语，to break bad habits是动词不定式短语作真正的主语。
straight away立即；马上
pessimistic adj.悲观的；悲观主义的
optimistic adj.乐观的；乐观主义的
give up放弃
discipline n.自制力；纪律；学科vt.自我控制；管教；处罚
For young people， there is plenty of time [31]to change bad
habits.However， there is no “magic pill ” or delete button [32]that
will help you； you have to think about your bad habits and decide on
some changes.You have the power [33]to build a happy and healthy life
full of good habits！
[31]动词不定式短语作后置定语，修饰名词time。
[32]that引导定语从句，修饰先行词“magic pill” or delete
button。
[33]to build a ... habits是动词不定式短语作后置定语，修饰名
词power； full of good habits是形容词短语作后置定语，修饰名词life。
after all终究；毕竟
plenty of大量；很多
pill n.药丸；药片
delete v.删去；删除
delete button 删除键
decide on决定；选定
参考译文
健康的生活方式需养成的习惯
在成长过程中，青少年会变得越来越独立，并且开始自己做决
定。然而，在这一时期，他们中的一部分人容易养成不良习惯。如果
任其发展，在他们长大成人后，这些不良习惯可能会导致更为严重的
有害习惯。例如，有些青少年会沉溺于烟酒不能自拔，造成生理和心
理健康问题。防止此类有害习惯主宰青少年的生活是至关重要的。他
们必须学会早早认清不良习惯并作出适当的改变。
改变不良习惯从来都不是一件容易的事情，即使你三番五次地尝
试。有一条基于亚里士多德哲学思想的著名谚语说道：“重复的行为
造就了我们。”从很多方面看，我们的生活方式是我们所作出的选择
的总和。我们选择做某件事，接着我们反反复复地做这件事。不久之
后，这项选择就变得自然而然，成为一种更加难以改变的习惯。好消
息是，如果我们了解习惯是怎么运作的，我们就可以作出改变。
根据现代心理学，我们必须首先了解“习惯循环”，其工作原理
如下：
·第一是“触发因素”，即一个行动、事件或状况，充当要做某事
的讯号。
·第二是“惯常行为”，即你响应触发因素而采取的常规行动。
·第三是“回报”，即我们从惯常行为中获得的美好事物或感受。
例如，当我们感到不高兴时（触发因素），我们会吃很多不健康
零食（惯常行为），这让我们感到快乐（回报）。这一回报使我们更
有可能继续这一循环，从而形成了依赖不健康零食这一不良习惯。
想要促使不良习惯朝着积极的方向转化，我们必须首先审视自己
的坏习惯循环，然后尽力去调整。为了做到这一点，我们可以把来自
我们不良习惯循环的信息与我们自己的积极想法结合起来。例如，我
们可以试着将一个消极的惯常行为替换为一个更积极的东西。因此，
当我们再次感到不高兴时（触发因素），我们可以听几首自己最喜爱
的音乐（惯常行为），而不是吃零食，这会使我们感到放松（回
报）。除了改变不良习惯之外，我们还可以利用习惯循环来养成良好
的习惯。例如，当我们走到电梯前的时候（触发因素），我们的惯常
行为是乘坐电梯，但是我们可以改为走楼梯，从而将上述惯常行为改
变为一个更积极的事情。
我们中很多人试图迅速改变不良习惯，一旦没有立刻成功，我们
往往变得悲观，继而放弃。事实上，改变不良习惯的最佳方法不是一
蹴而就，而是需要一段时间。正如中国哲学家老子所说：“千里之
行，始于足下。”一步似乎很小，却至关重要。为了实现改变这一目
标，一个人必须展示出一定程度的自制力，不断地迈出许多小步。毕
竟，戒除不良习惯并非易事。
对年轻人来说，有大量的时间可以改变不良习惯。然而，能
帮助你的“魔力丸”或删除键并不存在；你必须思考自己的不良
习惯，选定一些作出改变。你有能力构建一种充满良好习惯的快
乐、健康的生活！
随堂检测·要过关
Ⅰ.词块默写
1. 变得更加独立
2.
沉溺于烟酒不能自拔
become more independent
become involved in tobacco or alcohol abuse
3.
造成生理和心理健康问题
4. 作出适当的改变
5. 响应触发因素
6. 促进积极的改变
7. 使我们感到放松
8.
把这种惯常行为改变为一个更积极的事情
lead to physical and mental health problems
make appropriate changes
in response to the cue
facilitate a positive change
make us feel relaxed
change this routine into something more positive
9.
不断地迈出许多小步
10.
建立一种快乐、健康的生活
repeatedly take many small steps
build a happy and healthy life
Ⅱ.课文原句默写
1. 在成长过程中，青少年会变得越来越独立，并且开始自己做决定。
2. 他们必须学会早早认清不良习惯并作出适当的改变。
3. 好消息是，如果我们了解习惯是怎么运作的，我们就可以作出
改变。
As teenagers grow up， they become more independent and start making
their own decisions.
They must learn to recognise bad habits early and make appropriate
changes.
The good news is that we can change， if we understand how habits work.
4. 想要促使不良习惯朝着积极的方向转化，我们必须首先审视自己的
坏习惯循环，然后尽力去调整。
5. 为了实现改变这一目标，一个人必须展示出一定程度的自制力，不
断地迈出许多小步。
To facilitate a positive change in our bad habits， we must first examine
our bad habit cycles and then try to adapt them.
To reach the goal of change， a person must show some discipline and
repeatedly take many small steps.
课时检测·提能力
阅读理解
A
Scroll through social media sites such as Instagram， Twitter or
Facebook and you will be confronted with picture after picture of perfectly
presented and delicious-looking meals.While the smell and taste of food
can have an undeniably powerful effect on our cravings， are endless posts
of steaming snacks more than just a feast for our eyes？
Our eating habits are influenced by what we see.“There is some
evidence that if you see pictures of food， that visual stimulation can
prompt you to feel a desire to eat，” says Suzanne Higgs， a professor in
the psychobiology of appetite.“If all your friends on social media are
posting pictures or live-streaming of themselves consuming fast food，
it’s going to set a norm that eating fast food is what people do.”
Scientists are becoming increasingly concerned that food-related
content on social media is making us think differently about food.Social
media algorithms （算法） promote content that users engage with
more， so viewing more unhealthy food means seeing more of it on our
social media feeds.
“It seems that healthier foods are often seen as boring in
comparison，” says Tina Tessitore， associate professor of
marketing.“In advertising， you see unhealthy food in social settings —
people having a barbecue with friends， for example， while healthy food
often focuses more on the nutritional value.If you saw friends eating salad
together， it would seem so incredible.”
But while studies have found that social media can make us think
differently about food， and that we typically engage more with content
featuring unhealthy food， it’s uncertain yet whether this actually
translates to our changes in our behavior in daily life.“If I’m scrolling
through Instagram， looking at photos of tasty food， whether I seek out
the food depends on how hungry I am， and whether it’s appropriate in
that moment，” says Higgs.“And when we do eat， we’re influenced
by more than what we’ve seen online.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了随着社交媒体上出
现越来越多的美食图片，人们开始关注观看不健康食物的内容是否
会影响我们的食物观念，以及是否会养成不健康的饮食习惯。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了随着社交媒体上出
现越来越多的美食图片，人们开始关注观看不健康食物的内容是否
会影响我们的食物观念，以及是否会养成不健康的饮食习惯。
1. What does the author want to tell us in the first two paragraphs？
（ ）
A. The flavour of food can stimulate our appetite.
B. There are many food posts on social media.
C. Social media can help us establish healthy habits.
D. Food posts can bring us negative impacts as well.
√
解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句和第二段内容可知，作
者在前两段想告诉我们，食物帖子不仅给我们带来视觉上的愉悦，也
会给我们带来负面影响。
2. Why are scientists becoming increasingly worried？（ ）
A. People may form the habit of viewing unhealthy food.
B. Social media always encourages us to eat more.
C. Food posts may have negative effects on people.
D. Consuming fast food is becoming more common.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，科学家们之所以越来
越担心，是因为社交媒体算法会推送用户参与更多的内容。因此观看
更多不健康食物意味着社交媒体会推送更多不健康的食物，人们就可
能会形成看不健康食物的习惯。
√
3. What can be inferred in advertising from paragraph 4？（ ）
A. More attention has been paid to healthier foods.
B. All healthy food seems to lack nutritional value.
C. Friends can hardly be seen eating salad together.
D. Having a barbecue is healthier than eating salad.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第四段中Tina Tessitore说的话可推知，
在广告中几乎不会出现与朋友们一起吃沙拉的情景。
√
4. What might the author tell us in the following paragraph？（ ）
A. Social media is changing our daily behavior.
B. More factors are influencing our eating habits.
C. Photos of tasty food always appeal to us to eat.
D. People have formed the same idea of eating food.
√
解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的it’s uncertain yet whether
this actually translates to our changes in our behavior in daily life和And
when we do eat， we’re influenced by more than what we’ve seen
online可知，还有其他因素会影响我们的饮食习惯。因此下一段会讲
更多影响我们饮食习惯的因素。
B
When it comes to making healthy lifestyle changes， which should
come first — changing your diet or becoming more physically active？
Previous studies suggested that providing people with too much
information about nutrition and physical activity at once tends （趋向） to
be discouraging.That has led to the popularity of advising people to make
changes gradually， and set smaller goals.
So the scientists divided 200 inactive participants who were 45 or
older into four groups.One group was instructed in making diet and fitness
changes at the same time； the second group was taught about diet
changes first， and then fitness changes four months later； the third
group changed their exercise habits first and made changes in their eating
habits four months later； the final， control group was not instructed in
either diet or fitness changes but in how to manage their stress.
The researchers followed the groups for a full pared to the
control group， the three intervention （干预） groups made healthy
changes in their diet.Those who changed their fitness habits first
significantly increased the amount of exercise they received daily
compared to the other groups after four months.However， at the end of
the year， the group that changed both diet and exercise at the same time
was the only one that met the nationally recommended targets for both
exercise and nutrition levels， while those who worked on improving their
nutrition first were unable to meet the recommended levels of fitness after
a year.The researchers suspect that changes to diet are easier to make than
changes to physical activity.
The findings show， however， that pairing diet and exercise
changes may help to overcome some of the barriers people face in adding
more physical activity into their lives.“If folks change diet and exercise
orderly，” the scientists say， “they may end up placing more
importance on the first set of behavior changes and feel less pressured to
address the second set.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。要想健康生活，是先改变饮食习惯
还是先改变运动习惯呢？研究发现，两者同时进行效果最佳。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。要想健康生活，是先改变饮食习惯
还是先改变运动习惯呢？研究发现，两者同时进行效果最佳。
5. How is paragraph 3 developed？（ ）
A. By giving examples.
B. By making comparisons.
C. By analyzing causes.
D. By making classifications.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，科学家将200名参与者
分成四组，并分别介绍了这四组的不同情况。由此可知，本段主要是
通过分类的形式来进行阐述的。
√
6. Which group was the most physically active after four months？
（ ）
A. The first group. B. The second group.
C. The third group. D. The control group.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第四段第三句并结合第三段中对四个组
的描述可知，四个月后，第三组即先改变运动习惯的那组参与者相比
其他组，日常运动量显著增加，高于其他组，所以身体活动量最大。
√
7. What might the scientists approve of？（ ）
A. Changing eating habits first may be reasonable.
B. Diet and exercise changes should be made orderly.
C. Diet and exercise changes are equally hard to make.
D. Diet and exercise should be processed at the same time.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第四段倒数第二句及最后一段第一句可
知，饮食和锻炼同时改变的小组最终达到国家推荐目标，而按顺序改
变的小组未完全达标。由此推知，科学家们更赞同两者同时进行。
√
8. Which of the following is the best title for the passage？（ ）
A. Change Your Habits for Better Health
B. Ways to Lead a Healthy and Balanced Life
C. Making Healthy Lifestyle Changes Really Counts
D. Timing Matters in Making Diet and Exercise Changes
解析： 标题归纳题。本文第一段提出“要想健康生活，是先改变
饮食还是先更加积极地运动”这一问题，下文介绍了一项相关的实
验，结果表明，饮食和锻炼同时进行改变效果最佳。因此D项（改变
饮食和锻炼的时间顺序很重要）为本文最佳标题。
√
核心知识·巧突破
核心词汇集释
1. in response to 回答；答复；作为……的答复
教材原句 Secondly， there is a “routine”， the regular action you
take in response to the cue.
第二是“惯常行为”，即你响应触发因素而采取的常规行动。
【用法】
（1）response n.（口头的或书面的）回答，回复；反应
positive/favourable/negative response 积极的/有利的/消极的反应
（2）respond vi. （口头或书面）回答；响应
respond to 回答；响应
respond by doing sth 以……方式回应
【佳句】 I am writing to give a brief introduction to Peking Opera in
response to your request.
应你的请求，我写信简要介绍一下京剧。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①In response food waste， schools have installed smart
dustbins， reducing cafeteria trash by 40%.
to
【写美】 完成句子
②你对我信件的积极回应使我感到莫大的安慰。
brings me great comfort.
Your positive response to my letter
2. reward n.回报；奖励；报酬 vt.奖励；奖赏；给以报酬
教材原句 Thirdly， there is the “reward”， the good thing or feeling
we get from the routine.
第三是“回报”，即我们从惯常行为中获得的美好事物或感受。
【用法】
（1）as a reward （for ...） 作为（对……的）报酬/奖赏
in reward for 为酬谢……；作为……的奖励
（2）reward sb for sth 因某事而奖赏某人
reward sb with sth 用某物奖励/回报某人
（3）rewarding adj.值得做的；有益的；有意义的
【佳句】 After hearing my words， my mum felt more than
happy and kissed my cheek， giving the biggest apple to me as a
reward.听了我的话后，妈妈非常高兴，吻了吻我的脸颊，给了我
最大的苹果作为奖励。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①The school now rewards students for creative problem-solving
digital badges.
②It is a very （reward） exercise to work this out oneself.
with
rewarding
【写美】 完成句子
③为酬谢他的善意，我给了他200美元。
， I offered him $200.
④赢得这场比赛正是该团队付出努力应得的回报。
Winning the match the team had
made.
In reward for his kindness
was a just reward for the effort
3. rely on 依赖；依靠；信赖
教材原句 The reward makes us much more likely to continue the
cycle， and the bad habit of relying on unhealthy snacks is formed.这一
回报使我们更有可能继续这一循环，从而形成了依赖不健康零食这一
不良习惯。
【用法】
（1）rely on/upon （doing） sth 依赖/信任/指望（做）某事
rely on/upon sb to do sth 指望/相信某人做某事
rely on/upon it that ...相信……；指望……
（2）reliable adj. 可信赖的；可依靠的
【佳句】 Nowadays， we rely increasingly on computers for help/to
help us.
现今，我们越来越依赖计算机协助工作。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①A （rely） friend will always be there for you when you
are in trouble.
②We should rely our own efforts to overcome difficulties
instead of always seeking others’ help.
【写美】 完成句子
③我们应该相信，努力和决心能够带来成功。
We that hard work and determination can lead to
success.
reliable
on/upon
should rely on it
4. aside from 除……以外
教材原句 Aside from changing bad habits， we can also use the habit
cycle to create good habits.
除了改变不良习惯之外，我们还可以利用习惯循环来养成良好的
习惯。
【用法】
aside from为介词短语，相当于apart from，后接名词、代词、动词-
ing形式作宾语，用法如下：
（1）表示“除了……外还……”，相当于besides/in addition to；
（2）表示“除了……外都……”，相当于except for。
【写美】 完成句子
除了我的学业以外，我还总是设法找时间做我所感兴趣的事情。
，
I always manage to find time for what I’m interested in.
Aside from/Apart from/In addition to/Besides my academic studies
5. straight away 立即；马上
教材原句 Many of us try to change bad habits quickly， and if we are
not successful straight away， we often become pessimistic and give up.
我们中很多人试图迅速改变不良习惯，一旦没有立刻成功，我们往往
变得悲观，继而放弃。
【用法】
“立刻，马上”的其他表达：
right away right now
at once in no time
【佳句】 When he saw the fire， he called 119 straight away.当他看
到大火时，立即拨打了119。
【写美】 完成句子
我弟弟察觉到我十分尴尬，立即过来帮我。
Sensing that I was quite embarrassed，my younger brother came to my
assistance .
straight away/right away/right now/at once/in no time
6. decide on 决定；选定
教材原句 ...you have to think about your bad habits and decide on
some changes.
……你必须思考自己的不良习惯，选定一些作出改变。
【用法】
【佳句】 ①I am trying to decide on what major I will study at
university， and writing in the hope that you can guide me in my
options.我正在努力决定我将在大学学习什么专业，写信希望您能
指导我的选择。
②Her decision to retire surprised us all.
她退休的决定，让我们所有人都感到惊讶。
【练透】 单句语法填空
①Now that I have become a senior student， I have decided
（study） hard to get into a good university.
②We need to decide a suitable topic for our research project
as soon as possible.
【写美】 完成句子
③当你面临如此多的选择时，确实难以做出决定。
when you are faced with so many
choices.
to study
on/upon
It’s really hard to make a decision
重点句型解构
1. 句型公式：状语从句的省略
教材原句 These bad habits， if left unchecked， could lead to more
serious ones when they become adults.
如果任其发展，在他们长大成人后，这些不良习惯可能会导致更为严
重的有害习惯。
【用法】
when、 whenever、 wherever、 if、 while、 before、 after、 unless、
as等引导的状语从句中的主语与主句主语一致或状语从句中的主语
为it时，通常省略从句中的主语和be动词。
【品悟】 Therefore，I can explain the relevant information about
Chinese painting if necessary.
因此，如果有必要，我可以解释有关中国画的相关信息。
【写美】 完成句子
①只要有可能，你就应该来帮忙。
， you should come and help.
②无论哪里需要，他总是乐于助人。
， he is always ready to help others. （人
物介绍）
③如果是真的，这会给我们带来很多麻烦。
， this will cause us a lot of trouble.
Whenever possible
Wherever needed
If true
2. 句型公式：make＋宾语＋宾语补足语
教材原句 The reward makes us much more likely to continue the
cycle， and the bad habit of relying on unhealthy snacks is formed.
这一回报使我们更有可能继续这一循环，从而形成了依赖不健康零食
这一不良习惯。
【用法】
（1）常用于此结构中的动词还有think、 believe、 find、 consider、
feel等，可以用作宾语补足语的有形容词、副词、名词、介词短语、
动词不定式、分词等。
（2）在“make＋it＋形容词/名词＋to do”结构中，it是形式宾语，
动词不定式是真正的宾语。
【品悟】 You must keep your eyes open if you are going to make your
trip to the United Kingdom enjoyable and worthwhile. 如果你想使你的
英国之旅愉快而有价值，你就必须留心观察。
【点津】 make后带动词不定式作宾语补足语时要省略to；但动词不
定式在被动语态中作主语补足语时不能省略to。
【写美】 完成句子
①这次鼓舞人心的演讲让所有在场的学生为他们的梦想更加努力
学习。
The inspiring speech for
their dreams.
② 这位著名作家让他的作品为全世界的人所熟知。
The famous writer all over the
world.
made all the students present work harder
made his works known to people
③乡村的美丽风景让游客们兴奋不已。
The beautiful scenery in the countryside
.
④精心设计的学习计划让复习所有知识点变得方便。
The well-designed study plan
.
made the tourists extremely
excited
makes it convenient to review all the
knowledge points
随堂检测·要过关
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1. Rich extra-curricular activities are available for us to improve
our （身体的） health.
2. What she did was an （滥用） of her position as manager.
3. He has a （消极的） attitude towards study in senior
high school and his headteacher tries to persuade him to focus on study.
4. He argued that the economic recovery had been （促
进） by his tough power.
physical
abuse
negative
facilitated
5. Once my parents find my bad behaviour， I will be
（管教） straight away.
disciplined
Ⅱ.补全句子
1. It’s important that we should （有一个均衡
的饮食） because we need adequate nutrition to grow tall and strong.
2. The world （由……组成） seven continents.
3. We should develop a positive attitude to our lives and
（不应该对我们的生活悲观）.
have a balanced diet
is composed of
never should
we be pessimistic about our lives
课时检测·提能力
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1. The doctor will carefully （检查） the patient to find out
the cause of the illness.
2. We took the （自动扶梯） up to the top floor of the
shopping mall to buy clothes.
3. Teachers often （奖励） students who make great efforts
in their studies with prizes.
4. Studying （心理学） can help us better understand
people’s thoughts and behaviors.
examine
escalator
reward
psychology
5. The powerful company tends to （控制） the local
market with its high-quality products.
6. The government imposed a ban on （烟草） advertising.
7. Scientists have a fairly （消极的） attitude to the
theory.
8. There are no such things as magic p ， and therefore， you should
rely on yourself.
9. Everything will go well， so you needn’t be so p about
your future.
10. Its name has been d from the list of endangered animals， for
the habitat is improving.
dominate
tobacco
negative
ills
essimistic
eleted
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1. I tried to comfort the little girl （dominate） by
extreme fright.
2. You can rely on him （offer） you some advice on how to
get rid of alcohol.
3. After a competitive （examine），I finally got the
chance to serve as a volunteer at the exhibition.
4. If treated straight ， the escalator can function well once
again.
dominated
to offer
examination
away
5. I guarantee that you can keep （physical） healthy by
taking regular exercise.
6. To my anger，my client （repeat） made the same
mistake.
7. The teacher limited her （compose） to 800 words.
8. They asked him to give a speech， but he made no
（respond）.
9. I’m sorry to hear the column Cartoon will （delete）
from our school English newspaper.
10. It is a hard job， but at the same time， it is a
（reward） job.
physically
repeatedly
composition
response
be deleted
rewarding
Ⅲ.补全句子
1. The old man （已选定一个日期） to
celebrate our success.
2. It is clear that he is eager to
（做些事情来回报他们的善意）.
3. We had different opinions （当讨论） what to
put into the video.
4. Your contribution will certainly
（使得这次活动取得巨大成功）.
5. I would like to live in a neighbourhood
（绿树环绕）， where I can refresh myself after a day’s work.
has decided on a date
do something in reward for their
kindness
when discussing
make the event a huge success
surrounded by green trees
Ⅳ.一词多义/熟词生义
快速阅读下列句子并选出句中加蓝词汇对应的意思
1. abuse
A. vt.虐待 B. vt.滥用
C. n.滥用 D. vt.辱骂
①He abused alcohol and tobacco， so he was physically
unhealthy.
②Mary has a difficult life and is often abused by her
stepmother.
③His parents often criticize and abuse him with sharp words.
④To our shock， the person of high rank suffered a lot from drug
abuse.
快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加蓝词汇的意思
B
A
D
C
2. After the event，a number of officials were disciplined for abusing
their power.
3. The percentage of false negatives generated by the cancer test is of
great concern.
处罚
阴性
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Youth Model United Nations Winter Conference 2025
Youth Model United Nations Conference （YMUN） aims to let
young people in China have a voice on the global stage. By participating
in Model UN activities， students will deal with challenges in document
review， issue research， public speaking， negotiation， and
teamwork. They gain broad ideas， sharpen their thinking， and develop
their skills while making lasting friendships. YMUN 2025 in China is to
be important for the youth to learn， lead， and make a difference.
During the winter break， YMUN will hold its 14th official
conference， the 2025 International Youth Model United Nations Winter
Session， from January 20 to February 12，2025. The conference
welcomes students of grade 4 to grade 12 to participate. This conference
will take place across four cities：Shenzhen， Guangzhou， Shanghai
and Beijing. The venues （场地） for these events will be well chosen in
each city， providing an academic atmosphere suitable for in-depth
discussions. Each city will host a unique theme， reflecting the variety of
global challenges.
Beijing Conference
Date： February 9－12， 2025
Venue： Beijing National Convention Center
Theme： Sustainable Cities and Communities
Shanghai Conference
Date： February 9－12， 2025
Venue： Artyzen Habitat Lingang Shanghai
Theme： Climate Action
Guangzhou Conference
Date： February 5－8， 2025
Venue：LLN Garden Hotel Nansha Guangzhou
Theme： Zero Hunger
Shenzhen Conference
Date： January 20－23， 2025
Venue： Hilton Shenzhen Shekou Nanhai
Theme： Quality Education
The conference will feature sessions in both Chinese and English for
middle and elementary school students. The world needs to hear the voices
of youth for a safer， fairer， and better world.
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了“青年模拟联合国
大会”这一活动，包括其目的、举办时间、地点、主题以及参与对
象等信息。
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了“青年模拟联合国
大会”这一活动，包括其目的、举办时间、地点、主题以及参与对
象等信息。
1. Which conference starts the earliest？（ ）
A. Beijing Conference.
B. Shanghai Conference.
C. Guangzhou Conference.
D. Shenzhen Conference.
解析： 细节理解题。根据文章中各部分的日期可知，深圳会议的
开始日期最早。
√
2. Where will the hunger-focused conference be held？（ ）
A. Beijing National Convention Center.
B. Artyzen Habitat Lingang Shanghai.
C. LLN Garden Hotel Nansha Guangzhou.
D. Hilton Shenzhen Shekou Nanhai.
解析： 细节理解题。根据Guangzhou Conference部分中的
Theme：Zero Hunger可知，广州会议的主题和饥饿相关；再根据该部
分的Venue：LLN Garden Hotel Nansha Guangzhou可知，举办地点是广
州南沙里仁洞花园酒店。
√
3. What do Beijing Conference and Shanghai Conference have in
common？（ ）
A. They are held at the same venue.
B. They take place at the same time.
C. They focus on climate solutions.
D. They explore city development.
解析： 细节理解题。根据Beijing Conference和Shanghai
Conference部分中的日期可知，北京会议和上海会议的举办时间
相同。
√
B
Going to work on a couple of eggs might be the way forward if you
want to lose weight.According to research from the Rochester Centre for
Obesity in America， eating eggs for breakfast may reduce daily calorie
intake by over 400 calories.
In the study， 30 overweight women were asked to eat an egg-based
breakfast （2 eggs） and 30 overweight women were asked to eat a bread-
based breakfast.Two kinds of breakfast contained the same amount of
calories and almost the same levels of protein （蛋白质）.The
researchers recorded the women’s eating habits and found that just before
lunch， the women who had eaten eggs for breakfast felt less hungry and
ate a smaller lunch as a result.
Researchers pointed out that certain foods lead to a greater sense of
being full.An egg is an example of such food that has a 50% greater
satiety index （指数） compared to white bread or ready-to-eat breakfast
porridge.This study suggests that eating eggs for breakfast makes you feel
fuller for longer so that you eat less at your next few meals.Therefore， if
you’re trying to lose weight as it means， you may find it easier to cut
calories without feeling hungry.
Eggs are packed with all kinds of nutrients （营养） but contain just
85 calories each.Old advice to limit eggs to just a few each week has also
been given up.According to the Food Standards Agency， there’s now
no limit to the number of eggs you can eat in a week as part of a healthy
balanced diet.If you feel like starting the day with eggs， we suggest you
avoid frying them and eat them with wholemeal toast and a small glass of
vitamin C-rich unsweetened orange juice， which will help the body make
the best use of the iron in the eggs.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了吃鸡蛋有助于减肥。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了吃鸡蛋有助于减肥。
4. What breakfast can lead to eating less for lunch？（ ）
A. Bread. B. Eggs.
C. Juice. D. Porridge.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段和第二段最后一句可知，早餐吃
鸡蛋能让你在一天剩下的时间里减少超过400卡路里的热量摄入。由
此可知，早餐吃鸡蛋能让你午餐吃得少一些。
√
5. What does the underlined word “satiety” probably mean in paragraph
3？（ ）
A. A taste of food. B. A feeling of pride.
C. A state of hunger. D. A sense of being full.
解析： 词义猜测题。根据第三段内容可知，研究指出一些食物会
让人产生更强的饱腹感，鸡蛋的饱腹指数比白面包或即食早餐粥高出
50%。因此satiety与前面的sense of being full互为同义表达，表示“满
足，饱足”。
√
6. What does the Food Standards Agency suggest we do？（ ）
A. Avoid eating fried eggs.
B. Take in as much protein as possible.
C. Drink sweetened orange juice each day.
D. Eat nothing between breakfast and lunch.
解析： 细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知，食品标准局建议早
餐吃鸡蛋不要煎，而是搭配全麦吐司和一杯无糖橙汁。
√
7. What is the best title for the text？（ ）
A. Mind Your Calorie Intake
B. Have a Big Breakfast
C. Eat Eggs for Weight Loss
D. Keep a Balanced Diet
解析： 标题归纳题。本文主要论述了吃鸡蛋有助于减肥。因此C
项（吃鸡蛋减肥）为文章最佳标题。
√
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Traveling is becoming more and more popular every year.It can be a
passion for so many people.One of the reasons behind this is the advanced
transportation system that humans have achieved up to now.8.（ ）
There are even personalities who have traveled the entire world.
Everyone has their own reason for traveling.Some people travel for a
break in life.At times， our daily life gets very dull.9.（ ） We get
bored of doing the same things in the same way again and again every
day.We need a breathing space， longing for new adventures in
life.Traveling opens new doors of amusement in life.
Traveling helps in improving social and communication skills.10.
（ ） Traveling involves getting connected with random strangers.It
can be a true exercise for the people dealing with social anxiety.We even
end up learning new languages for traveling.
11.（ ） Traveling forces us to take a break from our normal life
and explore.It makes us appreciate beauty in the world.It fills us with
positive energy.People suffering from spiritual illness from stress often
choose the path of exploring and traveling to cure themselves.It creates
unforgettable and endless fond memories， which comfort them and help
ease their stress.
Traveling gets us real life education.People say that if you cannot
read books， then start traveling for knowledge.What we learn from
traveling different places cannot be taught in any school， college or
university.We learn about different cultures， different societies，
different types of people， different languages.At least， if we are not
able to travel abroad， we can travel our country.12.（ ）
A. Traveling offers an escape from reality.
B. This enables us to know it in a better way.
C. We cannot travel without interacting with anyone.
D. Traveling contributes to maintaining peace of mind.
E. It becomes a cycle of having meals， sleeping and working.
F. One can easily travel from one place to another in less time.
G. People of different countries have different ideas of traveling.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了旅行的好处。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了旅行的好处。
8. F 根据上下文可知，F项承接上文，说明了先进的交通系统使
人们可以很容易地在更短的时间内从一个地方旅行到另一个地
方，下文指出了先进的交通带来的影响是很大的，即有些人甚至
环游了整个世界。
9. E 根据上下文可知，E项承接上文，说明了日常生活变得非常枯
燥的原因，下文指出人们对于这个一成不变的循环感到了厌倦，因此
想去旅行。
10. C 根据上下文可知，C项承接上文，说明了旅行使得人们进行沟
通和交流，下文指出了旅行会给社交带来的好处。
11. D 根据下文可知，旅行带来众多好处，关键在于它对人内心世
界的积极影响，因此D项适合作为本段的主题句。
12. B 根据上文可知，B项承接上文，说明了在国内旅行可以更好地
了解自己国家，是在现实中获取知识得到教育的一种方式。
Ⅲ.完形填空
On the final day of my second year of high school， I was hit in the
face with a baseball bat.After weeks in hospital， 13 ， I returned
home with a broken nose.The following months were 14 .It felt like
everything was on pause.And I became painfully 15 that my return to
baseball was not smooth.
After a year of self-doubt， I 16 not to let my injury get me
down.If things were going to improve， I knew I was the one 17 for
making it happen.
When I began college， I 18 getting my life in order.While my
peers stayed up late and played video games， I 19 good sleep
habits.In the 20 world of a college dorm， I kept my room neat and
tidy.These 21 were minor，but they gave me a sense of control over
my life.I started to feel 22 again.I improved my 23 habits and
managed to earn straight A’s.I made it a habit to lift weights， and my
body 24 from a featherweight 170 to a strong 200 pounds.
Changes that seem small at first will contribute to 25 results if
you stick with them for years.My sleep habits，study habits， and
strength-training habits 26 .Six years after the 27 ， I was named
to the Academic All-America Team.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者在受伤后经历了从意志消
沉到决心改变的心理过程，并得到了很好的结果。
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者在受伤后经历了从意志消
沉到决心改变的心理过程，并得到了很好的结果。
13. A. positively B. slightly
C. mercifully D. hopefully
解析： 根据语境可知，幸运的是，作者在医院住了几个星期后，
带着骨折的鼻子回到了家。
14. A. tough B. secure
C. peaceful D. easy
解析： 根据下文It felt like everything was on pause.可知，作者出院
后在家养伤的日子是难熬的。
√
√
15. A. suspicious B. eager
C. aware D. resistant
解析： 根据下文that my return to baseball was not smooth可知，作
者痛苦地意识到自己不能顺利重返棒球场。
16. A. hesitated B. determined
C. afforded D. failed
解析： 根据下文not to let my injury get me down可知，作者决定改
变自我怀疑、意志消沉的状态。
√
√
17. A. admirable B. available
C. suitable D. responsible
解析： 如果情况将要好转，作者认为自己是那个有责任让它发生
的人。
18. A. agreed on B. focused on
C. ended up D. drew on
解析： 上文提到作者决定改变，所以作者上大学后专注于使自己
的大学生活步入正轨。
√
√
19. A. broke B. quit C. built D. rid
解析： 根据While表示对比可知，此处指作者养成了良好的睡
眠习惯。
20. A. harmonious B. noisy
C. tolerant D. messy
解析： 上一句作者就睡眠问题和同龄人对比；这一句应该也是对
比，指作者在脏乱的宿舍里保持自己的房间整洁。
√
√
21. A. improvements B. contributions
C. additions D. arguments
解析： 上文讲作者养成好的睡眠习惯，保持自己的房间整洁，是
讲作者在进步。improvement与第二段的improve呼应。
22. A. discontent B. confident
C. relaxed D. depressed
解析： 根据上文but they gave me a sense of control over my life可
知，作者重新开始变得自信起来。
√
√
23. A. study B. exercise C. food D. sleep
解析： 根据下文managed to earn straight A’s可知，作者改进了自
己的学习习惯。
24. A. ranged B. prevented
C. transformed D. protected
解析： 作者开始坚持举重后，体重从170磅变化到200磅。
√
√
25. A. disappointing B. ordinary
C. contradictory D. remarkable
解析： 根据语境可知，如果你坚持几年，一开始看起来很小的改
变将会带来显著的效果。remarkable意为“非凡的，显著的，不容小
觑的”，与small对应。
√
26. A. took off B. paid off
C. caught up D. sped up
解析： 根据下文I was named to the Academic All-America Team可
知，作者的好习惯取得了成效，付出终有回报。pay off意为“得到回
报”。
√
27. A. injury B. victim
C. threat D. disability
解析： 文章一开始从作者受伤说起，叙述了作者受伤后从消沉到
崛起的心路历程，此处指作者受伤六年后终于取得的成果，入选了全
美学术团队。
√