《创新课堂》Unit 4 Adversity and Courage Section Ⅱ 课件 高中英语选择性必修第三册（人教版）

(共46张PPT)
Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language
目 录
01
重难语法·要攻克
02
随堂检测·要过关
03
课时检测·提能力
重难语法·要攻克
现在完成进行时
　　I have been hearing① a strange sound for a while. It’s a deep，
loud roar， like a lion’s. But there aren’t any lions here. Soon I see
what is making/has been making② the noise： a howler monkey. Now I
feel less worried. Realising that something is moving on my shoulder， I
turn my head to look at it. It’s a giant spider！ I brush it off and it runs
under some leaves. I try to bat away the huge insects， which have been
flying③ around my head in a black cloud for quite a while.I take off the
headset and I’m back in my living room.This is an amazing experience
and a reminder of how many species there are in the rainforest. We must
do all we can to protect it.
1. 句①使用现在完成进行时，表示听到这个奇怪的声音已经有一段时
间，可能还会持续下去；
2. 句②使用现在进行时或现在完成进行时，表示这个声音正在进行或
已经进行一段时间；
3. 句③使用现在完成进行时，表示这些昆虫已经在“我”头上飞了一
段时间，可能还会持续下去。
——运用“形式—意义—使用”相结合的三维动态语法
观
一、现在完成进行时
【先感悟】
①We have been waiting for you for half an hour.
②The Chinese have been making paper for about two thousand years.
③I have been learning English since three years ago.
④You have been coughing a lot lately.
⑤Too much has been happening today.
⑥He has always been studying hard.
【会发现】
（1）以上句子中的谓语动词都使用了 ；
（2）其中句 谓语动词所表示的动作刚结束；
（3）句 谓语动词所表示的动作还将继续下去；
（4）句 表示一种感彩（关切、感慨、赞许等）。
现在完成进行时　
①　
②③　
④⑤⑥　
【善归纳】
1. 现在完成进行时的基本结构：have/has＋been＋doing；
2. 表示一个在过去开始而在最近刚刚结束的动作；
3. 表示一个从过去开始但仍在进行的动作；
4. 表示一个从过去开始延续到现在，可以包括现在在内的一个阶段内
重复发生的动作，通常表示一种感彩（关切、感慨、惊异、愤
怒、赞许等）。
名师点津
现在完成进行时的特点：
（1）兼具现在完成时和现在进行时的特点；
（2）表示某一动作对现在产生的结果或影响；
（3）表示某一动作的延续性、重复性、生动性及感彩。
【运用练】　单句语法填空/完成句子
①—You are a great swimmer.
—Thanks. It’s because I （practise） a lot
these days.
②从古希腊时代起，人们就开始涌入体育场馆。
People into stadiums since the days of ancient
Greece.
③尽管她已经教了20年英语，她仍然对教学充满热情。
Though she for twenty years， she is
still passionate about teaching.
have been practising　
have been pouring　
has been teaching English　
④他一直学习相声——中国的传统喜剧形式——数十年了，他想把中国
相声与西方传统的单口相声融合起来。
He， who ， the Chinese comedic
tradition， for decades， wants to mix it up with the Western stand-up
tradition.
has been learning crosstalk　
二、现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别
【先感悟】
①I have read four books up to now this semester.
②They have been building a bridge.
③The repairman has been repairing the car all the afternoon.
④The repairman has repaired your car， and you can have it now.
【会发现】
（1）句①运用了 ，谓语动词表示的动作已经完成
（已经读了四本书）；
（2）句②运用了 ，谓语动词表示的动作还将
继续下去（桥的建造还没有完成）；
（3）句③运用了 ，强调谓语动词表示的动作
一直在进行（一直在修车）；
（4）句④运用了 ，强调谓语动词表示的动作产生
的结果（现在你可以把车开走了）。
现在完成时态　
现在完成进行时态　
现在完成进行时态　
现在完成时态　
【善归纳】
1. 现在完成时强调动作的完成，而现在完成进行时强调动作的延续或
反复，因此，表示动作的完成，只能用现在完成时，而不能用现在完
成进行时。
2. 现在完成时强调动作行为的结果、影响，而现在完成进行时只强调
动作行为本身。
3. 现在完成进行时有时含有感彩；现在完成时一般表示平铺
直叙。
名师点津
有些动词不能用于现在完成进行时，但可用于现在完成时
只可用于现在完成时的动词：
（1）状态动词：be， have， exist；
（2）情感动词：like， love， hate；
（3）感官动词：see， hear， feel， sound；
（4）短暂性动词：finish， marry， get up， come， go 等。
I have heard that he is ill.
我已经听说他生病了。
They have finished the work.
他们已经完成了这份工作。
【运用练】　单句语法填空
①—The machine is working again！
—Yes， it broke down yesterday， but it （fix）.
②The manager （tell） the workers how to improve
the program since 9 am.
③In the last five years，Cao （be） to 34 countries in six
continents.
④I （teach） English for almost twenty years，
and I will step in another new teaching year.
⑤There （exist） an old temple since the Ming Dynasty.
has been fixed　
has been telling　
has been　
have been teaching　
has existed　
随堂检测·要过关
Ⅰ.基础题型练
1. I （write） this report since yesterday， but I
still haven’t finished it.
2. She （work） in this company for
five years.
3. They （look） for their lost dog for two days，
but they haven’t found it yet.
4. We （live） in this city for ten years.
have been writing　
has worked/has been working　
have been looking　
have lived/have been living　
5. He （study） English for three
years and can speak it quite well now.
6. The scientist （conduct） experiments in the
lab since early morning.
7. My parents （be） married for twenty years.
8. I （wait） for you for over an hour. Where
have you been？
9. She （read） the book several times.
10. The students （prepare） for the exam for a
long time and they are still busy with it.
has studied/has been studying　
has been conducting　
have been　
have been waiting　
has read　
have been preparing　
Ⅱ.语法与写作
1. 我好累。我整个上午都在打扫房子。
I’m so tired. I all morning.
2. 我姐姐学法语已经三年了。
My sister for three years.
3. 他们还没有决定去哪里度假。
They for their holiday yet.
4. 这几个月来，他一直在努力实现自己的目标。
He these months.
have been cleaning the house　
has studied/has been studying French　
haven’t decided where to go　
has been working hard to achieve his goal　
5. 工人们从去年开始就在建这座桥，但还没有完工。
The workers since last year and it’s
still not finished.
have been building the bridge　
课时检测·提能力
Ⅰ.基础题型练
1. For the past two years，Gordon’s students
（study） ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity， and they think they’re
close to a solution.
2. —Let’s take a coffee break.
—You said it. We （work） for hours.
have been studying　
have been working　
3. She （write） the letter since four o’clock in
the afternoon.
4. —You look dirty. What have you been doing？
—I （clean） the garage.
has been writing　
have been cleaning　
5. I （wait） for you since morning.
6. He （paint） the room all the morning.
have been waiting　
has been painting　
Ⅱ.语法与写作
1. （我已经学了2，000个英语
单词） so far and can make up some sentences.
2. What happened to you？ （你在哭泣） all
the time ？
3. They （一直在拓宽道路） these
days.
4. （他们一直在期待这个消
息） for some time？
I have learnt 2，000 English words　
Have you been crying　
have been widening the road　
Have they been expecting the news　
5. Tom （给艾丽斯打电话） every night for
several months.
6. My mother （已经做晚饭） in the
kitchen for an hour.
7. We （已经讨论这个问题） at the
meeting for two hours.
8. Since humankind started gardening，
（我们一直都在努力让我们的环境更
美丽）.
has been phoning Alice　
has been cooking dinner　
have been discussing this issue　
we have been trying to make
our environment more beautiful　
9. Where have you been？
（我在雨中等了你两个小时）.
10. （他已经做
了十五年的志愿者）， which really isn’t an easy thing.
11. （我已经写了一个小时
作业） but she still hasn’t come.
12. She （一直在打网球） since she was
eight.
13. You （一直在做白日梦） but never
make an effort.
I have been waiting for you in the rain for
two hours　
He has been working as a volunteer for fifteen years　
I’ve been doing homework for an hour　
has been playing tennis　
have been daydreaming　
Ⅰ.完形填空
　　It was late October in 1997. Mike Coots was surfing with his friends
near his home in Hawaii when he was 　1　 by a shark. As Mike
struggled to swim back， he 　2　 his lower right leg was gone. 　3　，
his friends rushed to his aid and drove him to hospital.
　　For the next few weeks， Mike spent time with his family and 　4　
the future. As soon as Mike was given the OK by his doctors， he did
what many of us might consider 　5　 ： he started riding the waves
again. In fact， his first time back was near the 　6　 of the attack. But
Mike was unshaken. Instead， he was curious and tried to 　7　 why he
was attacked.
　　His 　8　 led him to research sharks， and he did learn something
that would 　9　 his life： Humans are far more 　10　 to sharks than the
other way around. About 70 million sharks a year are killed for their fins
on tables alone. His unique situation as a shark 　11　 empowered him to
give sharks a voice. He 　12　 with other like-minded shark attack
survivors and biologists， to create a nationwide 　13　 protecting
sharks.
　　After the attack， Mike also 　14　 how much he loved
photography， and it has become his 　15　. He enjoys using his photos
to show sharks are an important part of biodiversity.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Mike Coots在夏威夷冲浪
时被鲨鱼咬掉右腿，康复后他重新开始冲浪并研究鲨鱼，意识到人
类对鲨鱼威胁更大后，他与他人合作发起保护鲨鱼运动，此外他还
发现自己对摄影的热爱并将其发展为职业。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Mike Coots在夏威夷冲浪
时被鲨鱼咬掉右腿，康复后他重新开始冲浪并研究鲨鱼，意识到人
类对鲨鱼威胁更大后，他与他人合作发起保护鲨鱼运动，此外他还
发现自己对摄影的热爱并将其发展为职业。
1. A. searched B. attacked
C. guided D. threatened
解析： 　根据第二段最后一句可知，Mike被鲨鱼袭击了。
2. A. guessed B. imagined
C. predicted D. realized
解析： 　根据his lower right leg was gone可推知，在Mike挣扎着游回
来时，他意识到自己的右小腿不见了。
√
√
3. A. Fortunately B. Obviously
C. Undoubtedly D. Surprisingly
解析： 　根据his friends rushed to his aid and drove him to hospital可
知，朋友们赶来帮助Mike，开车把他送到了医院，这是件幸运的事。
4. A. compared B. identified
C. considered D. suspected
解析： 　根据下句可知，之后，Mike在医生的批准下，又开始冲浪
了。由此可知，他是在这几个星期里，考虑自己的未来。
√
√
5. A. unthinkable B. uncomfortable
C. unfair D. unhappy
解析： 　根据上下文可知，Mike虽然失去了一条腿，但又开始冲浪
了，这是我们许多人可能无法想象的事。
6. A. condition B. environment
C. background D. spot
解析： 　根据his first time back可推知，Mike第一次回归冲浪是在被
鲨鱼袭击的地点附近。
√
√
7. A. carry out B. figure out
C. point out D. call out
解析： 　根据he was curious可知，Mike很好奇，因此他试图弄清楚
他为什么被鲨鱼袭击。
8. A. anxiety B. independence
C. curiosity D. confidence
解析： 　根据he was curious可知，Mike研究鲨鱼是受到好奇心
的推动。
√
√
9. A. change B. continue
C. challenge D. lose
解析： 　根据下文可知，Mike为鲨鱼发声，保护鲨鱼。由此可知，
他了解到的东西改变了他的生活。
10. A. puzzling B. important
C. terrible D. dangerous
解析： 　根据下句可知，仅为了餐桌上的鱼翅，每年就有大约7，
000万条鲨鱼被捕杀，因此人类对鲨鱼而言更危险。
√
√
11. A. fighter B. survivor
C. hunter D. consumer
解析： 　根据下文other like-minded shark attack survivors可知，Mike
是一名鲨鱼袭击幸存者。
12. A. discussed B. exchanged
C. partnered D. debated
解析： 根据语境可推知，Mike是与其他志同道合的鲨鱼袭击幸存
者和生物学家合作，一起去保护鲨鱼。
√
√
13. A. motion B. connection
C. situation D. argument
解析： 　根据语境可推知，他们发起了一项全国性的保护鲨鱼的
运动。
14. A. appreciated B. doubted
C. decided D. discovered
解析： 　根据下句可知，Mike用自己的照片展示鲨鱼对生物多
样性的重要意义。因此他发现自己很热爱摄影，而且摄影已成为
他的职业。
√
√
15. A. reaction B. profession
C. observation D. version
解析： 　参见上题解析。
√
Ⅱ.语法填空
　　When the plane arrived in Beijing， we took a taxi to the Sichuan
restaurant recommended by my friend. Tired， hungry， and not
16. 　　　　　　 （know） a word of Chinese， we had no idea how to
order， so the chef just began filling our table with the best food we
17. 　　　　　　 （eat）. We experienced wonderful local dishes，
ranging from Shandong pancake rolls 18. 　　　　　　 （stuff） with
sliced Chinese green onions to elegant dim sum in Guangdong， but
19. 　　　　　　 impressed us most was the great friendship we gained
there.
　　Li Daiyu and Li Qian went on a pleasant rail journey across Canada，
the home 20. 　　　　　　 many different rare creatures， exotic
cultures， many great fresh lakes， and natural resources.
21. 　　　　　　 was not only the breathtaking scenery but also the
wonderful crafts and antiques shops that added to their 22. 　　　　　　
（please）. It was 23. 　　　　　　 （awesome） journey they had
ever taken.
　　Immediate first aid can make a real difference. 24. 　　　　　　 is
an urgent need to learn some fundamental 25. 　　　　　　
（technique） used in first aid when victims can’t go to the hospital at
once.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了作者的中国之行、两名
中国人的加拿大火车旅行和及时的急救所起的作用。
16. knowing　考查非谓语动词。根据句中谓语had可知，空处应用非
谓语动词形式，作伴随状语，且与we之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，应用
动词-ing形式。故填knowing。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了作者的中国之行、两名
中国人的加拿大火车旅行和及时的急救所起的作用。
17. had eaten　考查时态。空处为定语从句的谓语动词，与主语we之
间为主动关系，根据主句谓语动词began和句意可知，空处表示在厨
师开始上菜之间所吃过的，应用过去完成时，表示过去的过去。故填
had eaten。
18. stuffed　考查非谓语动词。be stuffed with表示“填满……、装
满”；根据谓语动词experienced可知，应用非谓语动词形式，作后置
定语修饰Shandong pancake rolls，并与其之间为被动关系，表示“被
装满大葱的煎饼”，应用过去分词。故填stuffed。
19. what　考查主语从句。空处引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语。
故填what。
20. to　考查介词。the home to ...表示“……的故乡”，后接名词短
语作宾语。故填to。
21. It　考查代词。该句为It be ... that强调句；句首字母大写。故填
It。
22. pleasure　考查名词。空处应用名词作宾语；pleasure为名词，表
示“快乐、愉快”，为不可数名词。故填pleasure。
23. the most awesome　考查形容词最高级。空处应用形容词作定语修
饰名词journey；由句意可知，应用最高级形式。故填the most
awesome。
24. There　考查固定句型。固定句型there is a need to do sth表示“有
必要做某事”；句首字母大写。故填There。
25. techniques　考查名词复数。空处应用名词作宾语；由some可知，
应用复数形式。故填techniques。