30 天早背晚练——初中英语语法强基训练计划
Day 13:比较级与最高级的构成规则、不规则词及三大句型 (as…as, the more…the more, more than)
一、构成规则:从“原级”到“最高级”
我们将单词分为“ 短单词(单音节)”和“ 长单词(多音节)”两类来处理:
-
类别 变化规则 比较级 (-er) 最高级 (-est)
一般情况 直接加 -er / -est tall → taller tall → tallest
e 结尾 直接加 -r / -st nice → nicer nice → nicest
短元音+辅音 双写末尾字母再加 big → bigger big → biggest
辅音 + y 结尾 变 y 为 i 再加 happy → happier happy → happiest
多音节/部分双音节 词前加 more / most beautiful → more beautiful beautiful → most beautiful
-
名师点拨(双写陷阱): 记住中考必考的 5 个双写词:大(big)、红(red)、胖(fat)、热(hot)、瘦(thin)。
记忆口诀:大红胖子热得瘦
2. 不规则变化(命题高频词)
good / well → better → best
bad / badly / ill → worse → worst
many / much → more → most
little → less → least (指数量少,不指体积小)
far → farther/further → farthest/furthest (farther 指距离;further 指程度/距离)
old → older/elder (older 指年龄;elder 指家族长幼次序)
二、 三大核心句型与语境辨析
1. 原级比较句型:as...as (和……一样)
结构: as + 形容词/副词原级 + as
例: He is as tall as his father.
否定式: not as/so...as (不如……那样)
例: This book is not so interesting as that one.
2. 比例变化句型:the more..., the more... (越……,就越……)
结构: the + 比较级 (+ 主谓), the + 比较级 (+ 主谓)
例: The more you practice, the better you will be.
命题点: 考查主句与从句的逻辑递进关系,注意两个 the 均不可省略。
3. 数量/程度结构:more than (不仅是/超过)
用法 A (超过): 相当于 over。 例: More than 50 students joined the club.
用法 B (不仅是): 例: He is more than a teacher; he is a friend.
用法 C (非常): more than + adj. (极其...)。 例: I am more than happy to help you.
第 30 页 共 85 页
三、 中考高频考点与深度辨析
1. 比较级修饰语(程度的深浅)
中考常在填空前给出一个修饰语,暗示必须使用比较级。
常用词: much, even, far, a bit, a little, a lot.
禁区: very, so, too 只能修饰原级,绝对不能修饰比较级。
例: It is much hotter today than yesterday. (正确)
例: It is very hotter... (错误)
2. 比较对象的一致性
比较的对象必须是同类。中考常考代词 that (单数/不可数) 和 those (复数) 的替代。
例: The weather in Beijing is colder than that of Shanghai. (that 指代 weather)
3. 最高级的范围限定
结构: the + 最高级 + 名词 + in/of 范围。
陷阱: “One of the + 最高级 + 复数名词”。
例: He is one of the best students in our class.
四、 实战技巧:如何精准判断时态?
1.“两者”与“三者”:题目给出两者(A or B / between the two)用比较级;给出三者或以上(in the world / of all)用最高
级。
2.“逐渐”变化逻辑:“比较级 + and + 比较级” 表示“越来越……”。
例: Our city is becoming more and more beautiful.
3.隐形最高级:比较级也可以表达最高级含义:比较级 + than any other + 名词单数。
例: He is taller than any other student. (意味着他是最高的一个)
五、出题方向参考
在近年各地真题中,纯词法拼写考查减少,语境推断增加。
例题参考: — Shall we go by taxi — No, the bus is much ____ (cheap).
解析: 语境暗示坐公交比出租车便宜,有对比逻辑且有修饰语 much,必填 cheaper。
第 31 页 共 85 页
30 天早背晚练——初中英语语法强基训练计划
Day 13: 比较级与最高级的构成规则、不规则词及三大句型 【配套练习】
姓名: 日期: 分数:
一、单项选择(基础与逻辑辨析)
1.(2024·江苏模拟)— I think computer science is ________ than any other subject.
— I agree. But it’s also the most useful one.
A. easy B. easier C. easiest D. the easiest
2.(2023·武汉)—Would you like some more coffee
— No, thanks. I’ve already had ________ enough.
A. many B. more C. most D. much
3.(2022·广东) The yellow river is one of ________ rivers in China.
A. long B. longer C. the longest D. longest
4.(2024·北京模拟) The weather in Hainan is ________ warmer than that in Beijing in winter.
A. Very B. too C. so D. much
5.(2023·上海) ________ you study, ________ grades you will get.
A. The hard; the good B. The harder; the better C. Harder; better D. Hard; good
6.(2022·四川) This movie is ________ interesting. I’ve seen it three times.
A. as as B. more than C. less than D. as well as
7.(2021·天津)—Which city do you like ________, Hangzhou or Suzhou — Hangzhou, of course.
A. well B. better C. best D. the best
8.(2024·模拟预测) He is ________ a teacher; he is a true friend to all of us.
A. as well as B. more than C. as long as D. as soon as
二、用所给词的适当形式填空(拼写与语境应用)
9.(2023·河南) Of all the students in our class, Li Hua draws ________ (well).
10.(2022·杭州) The air in the countryside is ________ (fresh) than that in the city.
11.(2024·四川) I think staying at home is ________ (little) exciting than traveling abroad.
第 32 页 共 85 页
12.(2023·重庆) This is the ________ (bad) film I have ever seen this year.
13.(2022·南京) To make our city ________ (beautiful), we should plant more trees.
14.(2024·模拟预测)My brother is much ________ (thin) than he was two years ago.
三、综合应用(完成句子与纠错)
15.(翻译) 这个男孩和他父亲一样高。(使用 as...as)
The boy is ________________________________ his father.
16.(翻译) 这里的书超过(多于)一千本。(使用 more than)
There are ________________________________ 1,000 books here.
17.(纠错) (A) The more (B) careful you are, (C) the (D) few mistakes you will make. 错误项:______ 改正:____________
18.(翻译) 他是学校里最努力的学生之一。
He is ________________________________ in the school.
第 33 页 共 85 页Day13.比较级与最高级的构成规则、不规则词及三大句型
(as…as, the more…the more, more than)参考答案与详解
第一部分解析
1.B | 【解析】than 是比较级的标志词。比较级 + than any other + 名词单数 = 最高级含义。
2.D | 【解析】此题考查 much 修饰不可数名词。虽然 context 带有比较感,但这里指“已经喝了很多”。
3.C | 【解析】“one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词”固定结构,the 不可省略。
4.D | 【解析】[中考高频坑点] very/too/so 只能修饰原级,比较级(warmer)需用 much/even/a bit 修饰。
5.B | 【解析】“The + 比较级..., the + 比较级...”表示“越……,越……”。
6.B | 【解析】more than + adj. 意为“极其/非常/不仅是”。
7.B | 【解析】由 Hangzhou or Suzhou 可知是两者对比,用比较级。
8.B | 【解析】more than 此处意为“不仅仅是”。
第二部分解析
9.best | 【解析】范围是 Of all the students(三者以上),用最高级。副词最高级前的 the 可省略。
10.fresher | 【解析】than 提示比较级。
11.less | 【解析】little 的比较级是 less。
12.worst | 【解析】bad 的不规则最高级形式,且有 the 修饰。
13.more beautiful | 【解析】使城市“变得更美”,隐含了与现在的对比,多音节词加 more。
14.thinner | 【解析】[双写拼写] thin 是重读闭音节,双写 n 再加 er。
第三部分解析
15.as tall as | 【解析】as + 原级 + as。
16.more than / over | 【解析】more than 表示“多于/超过”。
17.D | the fewer | 【解析】“The + 比较级”结构,few 的比较级是 fewer。
18.one of the most hard-working students | 【解析】注意名词复数 students 是中考必考点。