【30天早背晚练】初中英语语法强基训练计划Day 16(含答案)

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名称 【30天早背晚练】初中英语语法强基训练计划Day 16(含答案)
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30 天早背晚练——初中英语语法强基训练计划
Day 16:不定式 (to do) 作宾语、宾补及目的状语
一、作宾语:动作的“延续与计划”
不定式作宾语,通常表示一个尚未发生、计划中或倾向于的动作。
常见接 to do 的动词口诀: 决定(decide)想(want/wish/hope)做,拒绝(refuse)选(choose)择,答应(promise)学(learn)着,
计划(plan)准备(prepare)。
例:He decided to join the English club. (他决定加入英语俱乐部。)
点拨: 特别注意 would like / love to do 结构,中考常考。
二、作宾语补足语(宾补):动作的“指向”
即:动词 + 宾语 + to do。这个 to do 是用来补充说明宾语干什么的。
标准结构(带 to): tell, ask, want, allow, invite, warn, wish.
例:My teacher told me to practice more. (老师叫我多练习。)
必考陷阱:省 to 的特殊动词(“五看三使两听一感觉”)
①三使 (make, let, have):后面接原形,不能带 to。
②感官动词 (see, watch, hear, feel...):表示看到/听到动作全过程,接原形。
例:He made me laugh. (他逗我笑了。)
③变被动,to 还原: 这是中考压轴题!She was made to clean the room. (变被动语态后,省掉的 to 必须补回来)
三、作目的状语:动作的“动力”
回答“为什么做某事”,常位于句首或句末。
逻辑关系: 为了……(In order to)。
例:He got up early to catch the bus. (为了赶公交,他起得很早。)
辨析陷阱: 目的状语 to do 和结果状语 too...to...(太……以至于不能)的区分。
四、中考避坑指南与记忆技巧
1. 否定形式(Not 的位置)
不定式的否定式是 not to do。中考最爱考:tell sb. not to do sth.
(×) tell sb. to not do (√) tell sb. not to do
2. “疑问词 + 不定式” (What to do)
这种结构相当于一个宾语从句,常考句型转换。
例:I don't know what to do. = I don't know what I should do.
3. 记忆口诀:
不定式,表目的,to do 结构别忘记; 想要计划和决定,后面宾语 to do 跟; 宾补若是使役词,省掉 to 才是真理; 变
了被动 to 还原,命题老师设此关; 否定 not 放在前,not to do 是标准言。
第 40 页 共 85 页
30 天早背晚练——初中英语语法强基训练计划
Day 16: 不定式 (to do) 作宾语、宾补及目的状语 【配套练习】
姓名: 日期: 分数:
一、识别基本搭配与否定位【目标:掌握 decide/plan 等动词接 to do 的习惯,以及否定式 not to do。】
1.(2024·江苏苏州) The doctor advised my father ________ (not smoke) any more for his health.
2.(2024·四川成都)My parents decided ________ (spend) their summer holiday in Sichuan this year.
3.(2023·北京) Our teacher often tells us ________ (prepare) for the lessons carefully.
4.(2022·广东) It's very cold outside. Remember ________ (wear) your warm clothes when going out.
5.(2021·天津) I plan ________ (buy) a new dictionary for my English study.
二、省 to 陷阱与目的状语辨析【目标:攻克 make/let 后省 to 的用法,及识别 to do 表示“为了……”。】
6.(2023·上海)My mother made me ________ (clean) the room by myself last Sunday.
A. clean B. to clean C. cleaning D. cleaned
7.(2024·模拟预测) He got up very early this morning ________ the first bus.
A. catch B. catching C. to catch D. caught
8.(2022·山东) (同义改写) The teacher spoke loudly ________ everyone could hear him clearly.
The teacher spoke loudly in order ________ ________ heard by everyone.
9.(2023·湖北武汉)—Why did you go to the library —________ some information for my project.
A. Find B. To find C. Found D. Finding
10.(2021·江苏南京) I don't know ________ (how / solve) the problem. Can you help me
三、被动语态还原 to 与逻辑综合【目标:识别使役动词在被动语态中 to 的回归,掌握疑问词+不定式。】
11.(2024·预测压轴) Though he was made ________ (work) ten hours a day, he never complained.
12.(2023·河南) (句型转换) I don't know what I should do next. (改为简单句)
I don't know ________ ________ ________ next.
13.(2022·浙江杭州) It is a good habit ________ (brush) teeth twice a day. (注:It 作形式主语)
14.(2019·重庆) (辨析) He stopped ________ (have) a rest because he felt very tired. (stop to do vs stop doing)
15.(判断并修改)The boss let the workers to stay (A)________ late (B) ________to finish (C)________ the work.
16.(翻译) 为了通过考试,他学习得非常刻苦。 ________ ________ the exam, he studied very hard.
17.(翻译) 妈妈警告我不要独自去河里游泳。 My mother warned me ________ ________ ________ swimming in the river
alone.
18.(易错陷阱)Which of the following is correct
A. He wants me not go there. B. He wants me to not go there.
C. He wants me not to go there. D. He doesn't want me go there.
第 41 页 共 85 页Day16.不定式 (to do) 作宾语、宾补及目的状语参考答案与详解
第一部分解析
1.not to smoke |【解析】否定陷阱。 advise sb. not to do sth.,not 必须放在 to 之前。
2.to spend |【解析】decide to do sth. 决定做某事。
3.to prepare |【解析】tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事。
4.to wear |【解析】remember to do 表示“记得要去干(还没做)”。
5.to buy |【解析】plan to do sth. 计划做某事。
第二部分解析
6.A |【解析】省 to 陷阱。 使役动词 make 后接宾补要省去 to。
7.C |【解析】目的状语。 为了赶公交,用 to catch。
8.to be |【解析】in order to be heard 为了被听到。
9.B |【解析】简略回答。 这种题常考,回答“为什么”直接用不定式表目的。
10.how to solve |【解析】疑问词 + 不定式结构。
第三部分解析
11.to work【| 解析】被动还原陷阱!make sb. do 在变被动语态时,原本省掉的 to 必须补回来:be made to do。
这是中考 110 分以上的关键分。
12.what to do |【解析】宾语从句简化为“疑问词+不定式”。
13.to brush |【解析】不定式作真正的主语。
14.to have |【解析】stop to do (停下来去做另一件事);stop doing (停止正在做的事)。
15.A 错,改为 stay |【解析】let 是使役动词,接原形;末尾的 to finish 是目的状语,正确。
16.To pass / In order to pass |【解析】位于句首表目的,首字母大写。
17.not to go |【解析】warn sb. not to do sth. 警告某人不要做某事。
18.C |【解析】位置陷阱。 只有 not to do 才是标准结构。