《创新方案》Unit 5 Into the unknown Period 2 课后巩固 多维提能（课件）高中英语外研版选修4同步讲练测
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| 名称 | 《创新方案》Unit 5 Into the unknown Period 2 课后巩固 多维提能（课件）高中英语外研版选修4同步讲练测 |
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| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 2.4MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
| 版本资源 | 外研版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2026-02-08 00:00:00 | ||
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课后巩固·多维提能
[过基础 知识巩固]
维度一 单句语法填空
1．(2021·浙江卷6月)The study showed the animals had figured out how to apply ______ they learned about human faces during training to new faces in the testing stage.
2．_______ I believe is that you need to act flexibly, instead of following what everyone else is doing.
what
What
3．Recently researchers have come to the conclusion ______ singing in groups could have a positive impact on reducing anxiety and depression.
4．If you are passionate about something, pursue it no matter what anyone else thinks. That's _____ dreams are achieved.
5．You have to know _______ you're going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.
6．_______ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.
that
how
where
That
7．What the doctors really doubt is _________ the poor boy will recover from the serious disease soon.
8．_______ matters to a museum is not how many visitors it has, but how close it is to people's daily lives.
9．How much one enjoys himself when travelling depends largely on ______ he goes with, whether his friends or relatives.
whether
What
whom
维度二 语法与写作
1．他迟到的原因是那时正在下大雨。
The reason why he was late was _________________________________.
2．我写信是通知你我下个月要参加一场排球赛，希望你能来观赛。
I'm writing to inform you ______________________________________ ___________________ ,so I hope you can come to watch it.
that at that time it was raining heavily
that I will participate in a volleyball match next month
3．重要的是你应该每天留出一些时间做运动，这样你就能保持精力充沛。
____________________ is ______________________________________ ____________________ so that you can keep yourself energetic.
4．他们比赛获胜的消息很快就传遍了整个学校。
The news ____________________________ soon spread over the whole school.
What is important
that you should set aside some time every day for sports
that they had won the game
5．我认为我们克服恐惧，追求梦想是重要的。
I _________________________ we overcome our fear and pursue our dreams.
think it important that
维度三 语篇填空
I don't know 1._________ you have noticed 2.______ some students don't want to walk to school. 3._______ can be seen every day is that their parents drive them to school. But nowadays, what we should realize is 4.______ the air is seriously polluted. Do you know 5.______ we can do about it I think it is important that we should take action right now. Here I have a suggestion 6.______ we should ride our bikes to school!If we can do it, it will not only have significant benefits for our health, but also help improve our environment.7.__________ we will have a better environment depends on 8.______ we can do for ourselves and for nature.
whether
that
What
that
what
that
Whether
what
[过能力 综合提升]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2024·枣庄高二检测)Located in the tropical
rainforest of the Petén Basin in northern Guatemala,
Tikal was one of the largest cities of the ancient
Maya civilisation during its Classic Period, which ran from approximately 200 CE to 1000 CE.Although Tikal reached its height
during the Classic Period, some of the architecture at the site dates back to the fourth century BCE.Unfortunately, for unknown reasons, the Mayans abandoned the city around 900 CE.Due to the growth of the jungle, archaeologists did not rediscover it until 1848.The part of the city now excavated is quite impressive. Approximately 3，000 sites have been uncovered and nearly 10，000 still need to be uncovered.
At the center is the Great Plaza. In time, other structures were built surrounding the Plaza. These include the North Acropolis and the Central Acropolis. The North Acropolis holds seventy slabs of stone, called stelae, which stand in a double row with altars (祭坛) set in front of them. Some are carved with images of rulers and hieroglyphs (象形文字). The Central Acropolis includes 700 feet of long buildings with many rooms, often called palaces. There are six temple pyramids, with the tallest one standing 65 meters high.
In addition to the towering temples and other unique architectural works, Tikal is well known for the carved inscriptions (碑文) and exceptional ceramics (陶器) found there. The Mayans engineered reservoir (蓄水池) and culvert (排水渠) systems to help with the storage and usage of water. Another innovation used by the Mayans was sacbes, which were raised causeways paved with lime-based cement, connecting Tikal's ceremonial nodes.
Scientists are not sure whether war, disease, famine or some other reasons caused the Mayans to leave Tikal. However, they left a part of themselves behind in the ruins. The city and surrounding area is now a protected national park, and visitors are welcome to explore the ruins. Much can be learned through seeing, touching and exploring this ancient city once inhabited by the Mayans.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了玛雅文明的遗址之一——蒂卡尔古城。
√
1．What can we learn about Tikal
A．It was ruined due to war.
B．It has been fully excavated.
C．It reached its height in the fourth century BCE.
D．It is a historic site of the ancient Maya civilisation.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Tikal was one of the largest cities of the ancient Maya civilisation”可知，蒂卡尔古城是古玛雅文明的遗址。
√
2．What does the underlined word “them” in paragraph 2 refer to
A．Altars. B．Stelae.
C．Palaces. D．Temples.
解析：代词指代题。根据画线词前的“The North Acropolis holds seventy slabs of stone, called stelae, which stand in a double row with altars”可知，在北部卫城坐落着七十座石碑，这些石碑排成两列，它们前面设有祭坛，因此them指代石碑，即stelae。
√
3．What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A．How Tikal was built.
B．The history of Tikal.
C．The cultural objects unearthed in Tikal.
D．Why Tikal was abandoned by the Mayans.
解析：段落大意题。根据第三段中的“Tikal is well known for the carved inscriptions and exceptional ceramics found there...Another innovation...”可知，这一段主要介绍了蒂卡尔古城发现的玛雅文明的器物与发明。
√
4．What's the current situation of Tikal
A．It is left unprotected.
B．It is a national park now.
C．It is not open to the public now.
D．It is not allowed to be touched by visitors.
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The city and surrounding area is now a protected national park”可知，蒂卡尔目前是一个国家公园。
B
(2024·南阳高二检测)Egypt is home to more than
100 pyramids, including the landmark Giza Pyramid
which is the last-standing ancient wonder of the world.
It is an example of the wisdom and skills of ancient development. The Great Pyramid of Giza has stood tall since the 26th Century BCE, and took 27 years to build, with around 2.3 million blocks of stone weighing 6 million tons.
Giza is actually made up of three pyramids, Khufu, Khafre, and Menkaure—each one is named after a pharaoh (法老). Now, scientists are using High Energy Physics to scan (扫描) the Khufu structure at Giza. The new technology scans deeper into the pyramid than before, and then maps its inside structure.
What we see now is only the central structure of the Great Pyramid. Although the pyramid has been studied closely for centuries, there are two mysterious holes that have kept archaeologists puzzled.
One is around 98 feet long and 20 feet high and could be one large space or several rooms, according to scans of the pyramid, while the other is much smaller, just beyond the north face of the pyramid. Archaeologists are not sure what either space functioned as; the most exciting possibility is that the larger space is the hidden room to keep Khufu, who governed from around 2551 BCE to 2528 BCE.
Finding holes in pyramids isn't unusual, though. Nowadays, though, we have the technology to find out, compared to days gone by when examinations would have to blow up the pyramids to explore.
“Since the instruments that are used are very large, they cannot be placed inside the pyramid, and therefore our approach is to put them outside and meticulously move them along the base. In this way, we can build up the required data set，” the team wrote in the paper. The technology is so precise that scientists may be able to even tell objects within the hole.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种用于研究金字塔的新技术，该技术不仅不会对金字塔造成破坏，并且能得到非常精确的数据。
√
5．What can be learned about the Great Pyramid of Giza
A．It is named after a pharaoh.
B．It is the largest ancient wonder of the world.
C．It was built with around 6 million stones.
D．It has a history of more than 4，000 years.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The Great Pyramid of Giza... weighing 6 million tons.”可知，吉萨大金字塔于公元前26世纪建立，到目前为止，它的历史已经超过4 000年。
√
6．What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A．The owner of the pyramid.
B．The two mysterious holes.
C．The advanced research technology.
D．The central structure of the Giza Pyramid.
解析：段落大意题。根据第三段中的“there are two mysterious holes”和第四段中的“One is around 98 feet long...while the other is much smaller...”可知，本段介绍的是两个神秘洞穴。
√
7．What does the author think of the examinations in the days gone by
A．They caused damage.
B．They took long to carry out.
C．They used no equipment.
D．They explained almost all puzzles.
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Nowadays, though, we have the technology ... have to blow up the pyramids to explore.”可推知，作者认为过去的研究方法会对金字塔造成破坏。
√
8．What does the underlined word “meticulously” in the last paragraph mean
A．Carefully. B．Quickly.
C．Formally. D．Secretly.
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词上下文可知，现在的设备非常大，为了不对金字塔造成破坏，因此只能把设备放在外部，并且小心地移动，以获取所需的数据。由此可推知，画线词意为“小心地”，与carefully同义。
Ⅱ.七选五
Despite being one of the most famous and most-visited attractions in the United States, 1._________________________________________ ______________. Here are a few facts about the Grand Canyon you probably don't know.
1．F 解析：根据上文“Despite being one of the...the United States”可知，空处指的应是美国具体某一景点；根据下文“Here are a few facts...don't know.”可知，该景点仍有一些令人惊讶的地方，F项符合语境。
F.Grand Canyon National Park still holds some surprises
We don't really know how old it is.
It has long been believed that the Colorado River began carving the Grand Canyon about 6 million years ago, 2. ___________________ ______________________. It suggests that the process may have begun as far back as 70 million years.In all likelihood, the Grand Canyon as we know it today started out as a series of smaller canyons 70 million years ago, but the majority of the canyon did not begin to take shape until much more recently.
2．A 解析：根据上文“It has long been believed that...6 million years ago”与下文“It suggests that the process may have begun as far back as 70 million years”可知，空处内容与上文是转折关系，A项符合语境，且空后的It指代A项中的a 2012 study。
A．but a 2012 study contained a real shocker
3．___________________________________________________．
Of all Grand Canyon facts, this one is pretty cool—no word-play intended. Sudden changes in altitude have an enormous impact on temperature and rainfall, so the weather you are experiencing could differ dramatically，depending on where you are in the Grand Canyon. The coldest, wettest weather station in the region is the Bright Angel Ranger Station on the North Rim, while the hottest (and one of the driest) is just 8 miles away at Phantom Ranch.
3．B 解析：空处为本段小标题，应涵盖段落主要内容。通读整段可知，本段讲的是大峡谷内因海拔的不同而造就了不一样的天气状况，由此可知，大峡谷有它自己的一套天气系统，B项符合语境。
B．The Grand Canyon creates its own weather
There are lots of fossils in the area.
While the dinosaur might have missed out on seeing the Grand Canyon, lots of other fossils have been found.4. ____________________ _________________________________. They vary from ancient marine fossils dating back 1.2 billion years to fairly recent land mammals that left their remains in canyon caves about 10，000 years ago.
4．E 解析：根据上文“While the dinosaur might have missed out...have been found.”可知，大峡谷中有许多其他化石，再根据下文举例介绍的这些化石种类的广泛性可推知，其他物种当初应是经常来大峡谷，E项符合语境。
E.This indicates that other creatures frequented the location
Fish are relatively uncommon in the area.
Prior to modern flood control measures, the Colorado River provided a uniquely difficult habitat for fish, with heavymudwithsmallrocks, frequentfloods,and temperatures ranging from extreme high in summer to sub-zero in winter. Consequently, only eight fish species are native to the Grand Canyon, 5. _______________ _________________________________________________________．
5．G 解析：上文讲到原产于大峡谷的鱼类仅有八种，结合选项内容可知，G项符合语境，继续补充说明其中有六种在科罗拉多河以外的区域是找不到的。
G.and six of them are found nowhere outside of the Colorado River
A．but a 2012 study contained a real shocker
B．The Grand Canyon creates its own weather
C．The weather in the Grand Canyon is really cool
D．and many other species are found outside this area
E.This indicates that other creatures frequented the location
F.Grand Canyon National Park still holds some surprises
G.and six of them are found nowhere outside of the Colorado River
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国科罗拉多大峡谷的一些鲜为人知的奇特事实。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Chinese archaeologists have successfully unearthed an animal bronze statue at the Sanxingdui Ruins in Southwest China's Sichuan Province.1. ____________ (weigh) more than 150 kilos, the mythical beast is about one meter tall and one meter long and it is also the largest animal bronze statue ever seen.
Weighing
The bronze statue looks like a mythical beast 2. ________ a large mouth, a slim waist and four feet. Of note, a human figure wearing a long coat stands 3. ________ (exact) on the head of the beast. Researchers think it may show 4. ________ the person is riding or controlling the beast.
with
exactly
that
Zhao Hao, the researcher in charge, explains that since the excavation of the Sanxingdui Ruins first started in 1986, all the animal statues 5. __________ (be) small, around 20-30 centimeters long, but the 6. __________ (discover) of the new bronze statue sets a new record, and as of now, is 7. ________ only large-sized animal statue.
have been
discovery
the
The chest of the beast also sports the image of a tree. “This tree, 8. ________ was directly cast on the beast, reflects a fact that the Sanxingdui people regarded 9. ________ (tree) as a kind of remarkable thing，” Zhao said.
So far, nearly 14，000 10. _________ (culture) relics have been extracted from the sacrificial pits at Sanxingdui.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在三星堆遗址成功出土的迄今为止最大的动物青铜器——重量超过150千克的神兽。
which
trees
cultural
1．Weighing 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语。句子主语 the mythical beast和动词weigh之间是逻辑上的主动关系，应用动词 ing形式作状语。单词位于句首，首字母需大写。
2．with 解析：考查介词。根据句意可知，此处是with介词短语作定语，表示“具有”什么特点。
3．exactly 解析：考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰动词stands，应用副词，作状语。
4．that 解析：考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，作动词show的宾语，此处只起连接作用，应用that。
5．have been 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据句中的since可知，时态为现在完成时；主语为all the animal statues，谓语应用复数形式。
6．discovery 解析：考查名词。分析句子结构并结合语境可知，空处应用单数名词discovery作主语，表示青铜雕像的新发现。
7．the 解析：考查冠词。the only为固定搭配，意为“唯一的”。
8．which 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，reflects是句子的谓语动词，空处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，指代先行词tree，应用关系代词which。
9．trees 解析：考查名词复数。tree为可数名词，空前没有限定词修饰，应用复数形式。
10．cultural 解析：考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰名词relics，应用形容词，作定语。
课后巩固·多维提能
[过基础 知识巩固]
维度一 单句语法填空
1．(2021·浙江卷6月)The study showed the animals had figured out how to apply ______ they learned about human faces during training to new faces in the testing stage.
2．_______ I believe is that you need to act flexibly, instead of following what everyone else is doing.
what
What
3．Recently researchers have come to the conclusion ______ singing in groups could have a positive impact on reducing anxiety and depression.
4．If you are passionate about something, pursue it no matter what anyone else thinks. That's _____ dreams are achieved.
5．You have to know _______ you're going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.
6．_______ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.
that
how
where
That
7．What the doctors really doubt is _________ the poor boy will recover from the serious disease soon.
8．_______ matters to a museum is not how many visitors it has, but how close it is to people's daily lives.
9．How much one enjoys himself when travelling depends largely on ______ he goes with, whether his friends or relatives.
whether
What
whom
维度二 语法与写作
1．他迟到的原因是那时正在下大雨。
The reason why he was late was _________________________________.
2．我写信是通知你我下个月要参加一场排球赛，希望你能来观赛。
I'm writing to inform you ______________________________________ ___________________ ,so I hope you can come to watch it.
that at that time it was raining heavily
that I will participate in a volleyball match next month
3．重要的是你应该每天留出一些时间做运动，这样你就能保持精力充沛。
____________________ is ______________________________________ ____________________ so that you can keep yourself energetic.
4．他们比赛获胜的消息很快就传遍了整个学校。
The news ____________________________ soon spread over the whole school.
What is important
that you should set aside some time every day for sports
that they had won the game
5．我认为我们克服恐惧，追求梦想是重要的。
I _________________________ we overcome our fear and pursue our dreams.
think it important that
维度三 语篇填空
I don't know 1._________ you have noticed 2.______ some students don't want to walk to school. 3._______ can be seen every day is that their parents drive them to school. But nowadays, what we should realize is 4.______ the air is seriously polluted. Do you know 5.______ we can do about it I think it is important that we should take action right now. Here I have a suggestion 6.______ we should ride our bikes to school!If we can do it, it will not only have significant benefits for our health, but also help improve our environment.7.__________ we will have a better environment depends on 8.______ we can do for ourselves and for nature.
whether
that
What
that
what
that
Whether
what
[过能力 综合提升]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2024·枣庄高二检测)Located in the tropical
rainforest of the Petén Basin in northern Guatemala,
Tikal was one of the largest cities of the ancient
Maya civilisation during its Classic Period, which ran from approximately 200 CE to 1000 CE.Although Tikal reached its height
during the Classic Period, some of the architecture at the site dates back to the fourth century BCE.Unfortunately, for unknown reasons, the Mayans abandoned the city around 900 CE.Due to the growth of the jungle, archaeologists did not rediscover it until 1848.The part of the city now excavated is quite impressive. Approximately 3，000 sites have been uncovered and nearly 10，000 still need to be uncovered.
At the center is the Great Plaza. In time, other structures were built surrounding the Plaza. These include the North Acropolis and the Central Acropolis. The North Acropolis holds seventy slabs of stone, called stelae, which stand in a double row with altars (祭坛) set in front of them. Some are carved with images of rulers and hieroglyphs (象形文字). The Central Acropolis includes 700 feet of long buildings with many rooms, often called palaces. There are six temple pyramids, with the tallest one standing 65 meters high.
In addition to the towering temples and other unique architectural works, Tikal is well known for the carved inscriptions (碑文) and exceptional ceramics (陶器) found there. The Mayans engineered reservoir (蓄水池) and culvert (排水渠) systems to help with the storage and usage of water. Another innovation used by the Mayans was sacbes, which were raised causeways paved with lime-based cement, connecting Tikal's ceremonial nodes.
Scientists are not sure whether war, disease, famine or some other reasons caused the Mayans to leave Tikal. However, they left a part of themselves behind in the ruins. The city and surrounding area is now a protected national park, and visitors are welcome to explore the ruins. Much can be learned through seeing, touching and exploring this ancient city once inhabited by the Mayans.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了玛雅文明的遗址之一——蒂卡尔古城。
√
1．What can we learn about Tikal
A．It was ruined due to war.
B．It has been fully excavated.
C．It reached its height in the fourth century BCE.
D．It is a historic site of the ancient Maya civilisation.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Tikal was one of the largest cities of the ancient Maya civilisation”可知，蒂卡尔古城是古玛雅文明的遗址。
√
2．What does the underlined word “them” in paragraph 2 refer to
A．Altars. B．Stelae.
C．Palaces. D．Temples.
解析：代词指代题。根据画线词前的“The North Acropolis holds seventy slabs of stone, called stelae, which stand in a double row with altars”可知，在北部卫城坐落着七十座石碑，这些石碑排成两列，它们前面设有祭坛，因此them指代石碑，即stelae。
√
3．What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A．How Tikal was built.
B．The history of Tikal.
C．The cultural objects unearthed in Tikal.
D．Why Tikal was abandoned by the Mayans.
解析：段落大意题。根据第三段中的“Tikal is well known for the carved inscriptions and exceptional ceramics found there...Another innovation...”可知，这一段主要介绍了蒂卡尔古城发现的玛雅文明的器物与发明。
√
4．What's the current situation of Tikal
A．It is left unprotected.
B．It is a national park now.
C．It is not open to the public now.
D．It is not allowed to be touched by visitors.
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The city and surrounding area is now a protected national park”可知，蒂卡尔目前是一个国家公园。
B
(2024·南阳高二检测)Egypt is home to more than
100 pyramids, including the landmark Giza Pyramid
which is the last-standing ancient wonder of the world.
It is an example of the wisdom and skills of ancient development. The Great Pyramid of Giza has stood tall since the 26th Century BCE, and took 27 years to build, with around 2.3 million blocks of stone weighing 6 million tons.
Giza is actually made up of three pyramids, Khufu, Khafre, and Menkaure—each one is named after a pharaoh (法老). Now, scientists are using High Energy Physics to scan (扫描) the Khufu structure at Giza. The new technology scans deeper into the pyramid than before, and then maps its inside structure.
What we see now is only the central structure of the Great Pyramid. Although the pyramid has been studied closely for centuries, there are two mysterious holes that have kept archaeologists puzzled.
One is around 98 feet long and 20 feet high and could be one large space or several rooms, according to scans of the pyramid, while the other is much smaller, just beyond the north face of the pyramid. Archaeologists are not sure what either space functioned as; the most exciting possibility is that the larger space is the hidden room to keep Khufu, who governed from around 2551 BCE to 2528 BCE.
Finding holes in pyramids isn't unusual, though. Nowadays, though, we have the technology to find out, compared to days gone by when examinations would have to blow up the pyramids to explore.
“Since the instruments that are used are very large, they cannot be placed inside the pyramid, and therefore our approach is to put them outside and meticulously move them along the base. In this way, we can build up the required data set，” the team wrote in the paper. The technology is so precise that scientists may be able to even tell objects within the hole.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种用于研究金字塔的新技术，该技术不仅不会对金字塔造成破坏，并且能得到非常精确的数据。
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5．What can be learned about the Great Pyramid of Giza
A．It is named after a pharaoh.
B．It is the largest ancient wonder of the world.
C．It was built with around 6 million stones.
D．It has a history of more than 4，000 years.
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The Great Pyramid of Giza... weighing 6 million tons.”可知，吉萨大金字塔于公元前26世纪建立，到目前为止，它的历史已经超过4 000年。
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6．What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A．The owner of the pyramid.
B．The two mysterious holes.
C．The advanced research technology.
D．The central structure of the Giza Pyramid.
解析：段落大意题。根据第三段中的“there are two mysterious holes”和第四段中的“One is around 98 feet long...while the other is much smaller...”可知，本段介绍的是两个神秘洞穴。
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7．What does the author think of the examinations in the days gone by
A．They caused damage.
B．They took long to carry out.
C．They used no equipment.
D．They explained almost all puzzles.
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Nowadays, though, we have the technology ... have to blow up the pyramids to explore.”可推知，作者认为过去的研究方法会对金字塔造成破坏。
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8．What does the underlined word “meticulously” in the last paragraph mean
A．Carefully. B．Quickly.
C．Formally. D．Secretly.
解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词上下文可知，现在的设备非常大，为了不对金字塔造成破坏，因此只能把设备放在外部，并且小心地移动，以获取所需的数据。由此可推知，画线词意为“小心地”，与carefully同义。
Ⅱ.七选五
Despite being one of the most famous and most-visited attractions in the United States, 1._________________________________________ ______________. Here are a few facts about the Grand Canyon you probably don't know.
1．F 解析：根据上文“Despite being one of the...the United States”可知，空处指的应是美国具体某一景点；根据下文“Here are a few facts...don't know.”可知，该景点仍有一些令人惊讶的地方，F项符合语境。
F.Grand Canyon National Park still holds some surprises
We don't really know how old it is.
It has long been believed that the Colorado River began carving the Grand Canyon about 6 million years ago, 2. ___________________ ______________________. It suggests that the process may have begun as far back as 70 million years.In all likelihood, the Grand Canyon as we know it today started out as a series of smaller canyons 70 million years ago, but the majority of the canyon did not begin to take shape until much more recently.
2．A 解析：根据上文“It has long been believed that...6 million years ago”与下文“It suggests that the process may have begun as far back as 70 million years”可知，空处内容与上文是转折关系，A项符合语境，且空后的It指代A项中的a 2012 study。
A．but a 2012 study contained a real shocker
3．___________________________________________________．
Of all Grand Canyon facts, this one is pretty cool—no word-play intended. Sudden changes in altitude have an enormous impact on temperature and rainfall, so the weather you are experiencing could differ dramatically，depending on where you are in the Grand Canyon. The coldest, wettest weather station in the region is the Bright Angel Ranger Station on the North Rim, while the hottest (and one of the driest) is just 8 miles away at Phantom Ranch.
3．B 解析：空处为本段小标题，应涵盖段落主要内容。通读整段可知，本段讲的是大峡谷内因海拔的不同而造就了不一样的天气状况，由此可知，大峡谷有它自己的一套天气系统，B项符合语境。
B．The Grand Canyon creates its own weather
There are lots of fossils in the area.
While the dinosaur might have missed out on seeing the Grand Canyon, lots of other fossils have been found.4. ____________________ _________________________________. They vary from ancient marine fossils dating back 1.2 billion years to fairly recent land mammals that left their remains in canyon caves about 10，000 years ago.
4．E 解析：根据上文“While the dinosaur might have missed out...have been found.”可知，大峡谷中有许多其他化石，再根据下文举例介绍的这些化石种类的广泛性可推知，其他物种当初应是经常来大峡谷，E项符合语境。
E.This indicates that other creatures frequented the location
Fish are relatively uncommon in the area.
Prior to modern flood control measures, the Colorado River provided a uniquely difficult habitat for fish, with heavymudwithsmallrocks, frequentfloods,and temperatures ranging from extreme high in summer to sub-zero in winter. Consequently, only eight fish species are native to the Grand Canyon, 5. _______________ _________________________________________________________．
5．G 解析：上文讲到原产于大峡谷的鱼类仅有八种，结合选项内容可知，G项符合语境，继续补充说明其中有六种在科罗拉多河以外的区域是找不到的。
G.and six of them are found nowhere outside of the Colorado River
A．but a 2012 study contained a real shocker
B．The Grand Canyon creates its own weather
C．The weather in the Grand Canyon is really cool
D．and many other species are found outside this area
E.This indicates that other creatures frequented the location
F.Grand Canyon National Park still holds some surprises
G.and six of them are found nowhere outside of the Colorado River
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国科罗拉多大峡谷的一些鲜为人知的奇特事实。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Chinese archaeologists have successfully unearthed an animal bronze statue at the Sanxingdui Ruins in Southwest China's Sichuan Province.1. ____________ (weigh) more than 150 kilos, the mythical beast is about one meter tall and one meter long and it is also the largest animal bronze statue ever seen.
Weighing
The bronze statue looks like a mythical beast 2. ________ a large mouth, a slim waist and four feet. Of note, a human figure wearing a long coat stands 3. ________ (exact) on the head of the beast. Researchers think it may show 4. ________ the person is riding or controlling the beast.
with
exactly
that
Zhao Hao, the researcher in charge, explains that since the excavation of the Sanxingdui Ruins first started in 1986, all the animal statues 5. __________ (be) small, around 20-30 centimeters long, but the 6. __________ (discover) of the new bronze statue sets a new record, and as of now, is 7. ________ only large-sized animal statue.
have been
discovery
the
The chest of the beast also sports the image of a tree. “This tree, 8. ________ was directly cast on the beast, reflects a fact that the Sanxingdui people regarded 9. ________ (tree) as a kind of remarkable thing，” Zhao said.
So far, nearly 14，000 10. _________ (culture) relics have been extracted from the sacrificial pits at Sanxingdui.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在三星堆遗址成功出土的迄今为止最大的动物青铜器——重量超过150千克的神兽。
which
trees
cultural
1．Weighing 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语。句子主语 the mythical beast和动词weigh之间是逻辑上的主动关系，应用动词 ing形式作状语。单词位于句首，首字母需大写。
2．with 解析：考查介词。根据句意可知，此处是with介词短语作定语，表示“具有”什么特点。
3．exactly 解析：考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰动词stands，应用副词，作状语。
4．that 解析：考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，作动词show的宾语，此处只起连接作用，应用that。
5．have been 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据句中的since可知，时态为现在完成时；主语为all the animal statues，谓语应用复数形式。
6．discovery 解析：考查名词。分析句子结构并结合语境可知，空处应用单数名词discovery作主语，表示青铜雕像的新发现。
7．the 解析：考查冠词。the only为固定搭配，意为“唯一的”。
8．which 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，reflects是句子的谓语动词，空处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，指代先行词tree，应用关系代词which。
9．trees 解析：考查名词复数。tree为可数名词，空前没有限定词修饰，应用复数形式。
10．cultural 解析：考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰名词relics，应用形容词，作定语。