高考英语二轮复习专题提高写作能力读后续写第二节如何深度分析文本明确续写大方向课件

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第二节　如何深度分析文本　明确续写大方向
梳理完故事情节后，是不是马上就着手写了呢？答案是否定的。因为原文中出现的人、事、物等方面可能会涉及，所以我们还需要在了解原文情节的基础上，将自己抽离出来，针对原文的感情基调、人物关系、人物特点和矛盾冲突进行分析，只有这样才可以避免出现续写的内容与原文自相矛盾或背道而驰的情况。
提分技能1　确定感情基调
感情基调是指文章的感彩、情感取向，即作者表达的情感态度，如：是幽默诙谐还是严肃，是欢快愉悦还是伤感，是积极向上还是消沉。学生在进行续写前必须确定好感情基调，这样续写的情感方向才不会有偏差，才能与所给原文紧密结合。
提分技能2　厘清人物关系
读后续写中有时会涉及含有多个人物、关系较为复杂的语篇，这时，厘清人物关系就很关键，可以帮助学生更加合理地预设文中人物的后续行为，从而让续写情节更加合理。边读原文边画出人物关系图可以帮助学生快速清晰地了解文中人物间的关系，为续写服务。
提分技能3　分析人物特点
人物特点主要指人物的性格特征，如：乐观、善良、坚毅、勇敢、热心、机智、冷静。分析人物特点可以帮助我们理解故事情节，推断后续发展，同时，对续写时的人物描写有很好的指导作用。
提分技能4　分析矛盾冲突
读后续写记叙文原文本中大多会有一个矛盾冲突点，续写的内容就是解决矛盾冲突点的过程。因此明确矛盾冲突点是非常重要的。矛盾冲突点主要体现在人物所想达到的目的与目前阻碍其达到其目的的因素上。续写的大方向就是通过提供清除障碍、达成目标的方法以解决相应的矛盾冲突。由于在历险类题材的读后续写中，原文中的矛盾冲突点通常较为明显，因此，在这里我们以矛盾冲突点不明显的非历险类题材的读后续写为例，讲解如何分析矛盾冲突。
[经典范例]
(2022·浙江卷1月改编)When Dr.Henderson was assigning (指定) project mates for his psychology class，I secretly hoped that he would pair me with my best friend or at least a classmate I could have some fun with.Above all，I hoped he wouldn't assign me to work with the fiercely competitive and extremely serious fellow who always wore dark clothes and apparently had a personality to match.As fate (命运) would have it，Dr.Henderson very deliberately matched everyone in class and announced that I would be working with the one person in class I wanted to avoid.
I went up to my new teammate and introduced myself.He looked at me as though I weren't there.I felt he treated me as though I would hold him back and probably make him fail to get an A in the course.He wasn't mean or abusive；he just gave me the impression that he could do whatever project we dreamed up better if he did it alone.
Needless to say，I didn't look forward to an entire term of being brushed off，but I tried to make the best of it and didn't say anything for fear that I would make things worse.
The project required each team to develop a hypothesis (假说)，set up an experiment to test the hypothesis，do the statistical analysis and present the findings.Whatever grade the team received would be shared by both students.
When my teammate and I met to discuss our project，I was uneasy.Here was this challenging student who had a reputation for single-mindedness and good grades—the exact opposite of me.I actually wanted to drop the class at one point，but stopped short because I didn't want to give him the satisfaction of my chickening out.I decided to stick to it no matter what.
After long discussions we somehow agreed to do a study on the psychological well-being of teenagers.I wasn't sure what it meant exactly，but at least we had a topic.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
We started to meet regularly to draw up our plans.__________________
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One day I got word that he was admitted to hospital for a serious disease.
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[文本分析]
1．通过文中描写主人公的形容词或动词把握感情基调
原文第一段第二句“I hoped he wouldn't assign me to work with the fiercely competitive and extremely serious fellow who always wore dark clothes and apparently had a personality to match.”通过用形容词“competitive”和“serious”来描述作者不想合作的同学的性格特点；表明了作者不想与之共事的原因。
通过原文第一段末的“I wanted to avoid”可以看出作者并不想分到这位新队友，由此可推知作者的心理是抗拒的。同时原文第五段中“stick to it”表明作者虽然不想和他成为队友但是仍然坚持下去，由此可推知作者是坚毅、不服输的。由此可以看出，原文渲染的感情基调是积极向上和正能量的。
2．通过思维导图厘清人物关系
由人物关系图可知．Dr.Henderson和作者以及这个男生是师生关系，这个男生是作者的新队友，Dr.Henderson是这个项目的组织者，老师将作者和他在班上想回避的那个人分配在了一起。厘清了这些人物关系后，在续写时就能正确把握人物之间的情感，让情节朝着既合乎情理，又合乎逻辑的方向发展。
3．通过心理和动作描写获取人物特点
原文第五段第一二句“When my teammate and I met to discuss our project，I was uneasy.Here was this challenging student who had a reputation for single-mindedness and good grades—the exact opposite of me.”提到，当作者和他的队友讨论课题的时候，作者感到很不安。因为作者的成绩并不好，并且难以专心。同时该段中的“I didn't want to give him the satisfaction of my chickening out.I decided to stick to it no matter what”提到，作者并不想认输，所以作者决定无论如何都要坚持下来。这说明作者勇于面对困难，是个有责任心的人。
4．分析矛盾冲突
根据原文第一段第一句中的“I secretly hoped that he would pair me with my best friend or at least a classmate I could have some fun with”可知，当老师在分配队友的时候，作者希望老师能将他和最好的朋友分成一组。再根据本段最后一句“As fate (命运) would have it，Dr.Henderson very deliberately matched everyone in class and announced that I would be working with the one person in class I wanted to avoid.”及后面两段描写的新队友对作者的态度以及作者的心理活动可知，老师给作者安排了他想避开的人，并且当作者主动向新队友介绍自己时，自己还被他无视了。根据原文第三段中的“I tried to make the best of it”及第五段最后一句“I decided to stick to it no matter what.”可知，作者虽然面临重重困难但是仍然努力坚持做到最好。因此，使得作者几次退缩的原因就在于作者对于新队友不完整的认知。所以续写部分应该围绕作者在面临困难的情况下改变对队友的看法，最终顺利完成课题展开。
[范文赏读]
We started to meet regularly to draw up our plans.At first，I didn't offer many ideas.However，as our project progressed，I gradually got involved because I found him quite patient and tolerant，never failing to respond to my confusions，in a very serious manner.He even readily accepted my proposal that we conduct a questionnaire survey among us students，which gave me a great sense of satisfaction.As the project went on smoothly，our relationship deepened and I found that he was just introvert，cool on the outside.
One day I got word that he was admitted to hospital for a serious disease.It struck me almost like a bolt from the blue.When I visited him in the hospital，I found him，my teammate，lying on the bed，looking pale.That sight really stung my heart，so I felt like doing something for him，more exactly，for our team.Afterwards，I spent a whole week preparing for the presentation，going through all the figures and doing rehearsals for the presentation over and over again.As it turned out，Dr.Henderson gave an“A”for our project.It was the best gift for his recovery and also a token of our everlasting friendship.
[针对训练]
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Helen was a young girl.Her parents taught her to be kind，and she always was.And she lived a happy life.Unluckily，one day，her mother had an accident.Her right leg was hurt badly and needed an expensive operation.
Her family couldn't afford to pay for it.Although their friends and relatives all tried their best to offer help but it was far from enough.And they were unsure what to do next.
One day，walking down the street to a bookstore nearby，Helen noticed an old man trying hard to climb the steps to a nearby park.The old man with Alzheimer's disease (阿尔茨海默氏症)left home days ago and ended up wandering around the streets while his son，Dr.Smith，a doctor of the City Hospital，had been trying to find him but in vain.
“He can't climb the steps.He looks so weak，” Helen said to herself.Without hesitation，she ran over to him.
“Sir，let me help you！”
The man made no response，then Helen repeated it.Slowly raising his head，the man looked at her，surprised.Helen gave him a smile and then helped him climb the steps.“Your hands are shaking！” Helen said anxiously.“Are you okay？”
“I'm so hungry，” he murmured.“I want to walk ...to the park for ...a rest.” After helping him sit on a park bench，Helen rushed home and returned with some food，only to find the man was lying on the ground，unconscious.“Sir，please wake up！” she cried in anxiety.“What should I do？” she wondered.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
Looking around，she noticed a woman standing meters away talking on the phone.
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“He's my dad! Where did you find him？” Dr.Smith cried._________
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[参考范文]
Looking around，she noticed a woman standing meters away talking on the phone.She hurried to her for help.“Excuse me，could you help the old man over there？”The woman smiled，“Sure！” Quickly leading the lady to the old man，Helen urged the woman to dial 911 at once.When the ambulance arrived，Helen offered to accompany him to the City Hospital.Shortly after，Dr.Smith，who happened to be on duty，rushed to check on the old man.
“He's my dad! Where did you find him？” Dr.Smith cried.Helen briefly explained to Dr.Smith what had happened.After giving his father proper treatment.Dr.Smith thanked Helen for her timely help，asking “Is there something I can do in return for your kindness？” “Yes，please! My mom needs an operation.But we don't have enough money.” Helen replied in a low voice.Dr.Smith promised to perform the operation on her mom and cover the expense.Moved into tears，Helen had never thought one good turn deserved another.