专题三 完形填空-2026年高考英语总复习课件

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专题三 完形填空
近三年新课标全国卷全方位分析表
试卷 类别 试卷 年份 语篇类型 主　题 考点分布 主题语境 主题内容 名词 动词 形容词 副词 短语
新课标Ⅰ卷 2025 记叙文 人与自我 搬家免费赠送旧物获得快乐 7 7 1
2024 夹叙夹议文 人与自我 跑步感悟目标量力而行 5 8 1 1
2023 记叙文 人与社会 背受伤女孩到终点线 7 6 2
试卷 类别 试卷 年份 语篇类型 主　题 考点分布 主题语境 主题内容 名词 动词 形容词 副词 短语
新课标Ⅱ卷 2025 记叙文 人与社会 老奶奶坚持健身消除网络质疑 8 4 1 1 1
2024 记叙文 人与社会 定居意大利的生活 8 4 1 1 1
2023 记叙文 人与社会 飞行员接力帮陌生人送狗 3 7 4 1
　　高考英语完形填空是集语言知识与语用能力于一体的综合性题型,依据《普通高中英语课程标准》和高考评价体系,核心考查考生在语境中灵活运用词汇、理解篇章逻辑及把握上下文衔接的能力。题材以记叙文为主,偶尔涉及夹叙夹议文或说明文。文章多涉及个人经历、成长感悟、社会文化、人物故事、情感体验等领域,贴近生活,富有教育意义。
题型一
维度一　理顺常规题型
语境词汇题
语境词汇题考查在特定上下文中选择最贴切词汇的能力,这是高考英语完形填空最主要的题型。此类题目四个选项的词性相同(多为动词、名词、形容词、副词),且单独看语法上都可能成立,但其唯一正确答案必须由上下文提供的特定信息(线索)来决定。
例12021·新课标Ⅰ卷(节选)
My life as a tax-paying employed person began in middle school, when, for three whole days, I worked in a baking factory...This was the sort of work that made you 　55　 the dollars you earned and respect those who did the work, he told me.
55. A.appreciate B.waste
C.receive D.accept
【技法运用】
定位语境线索:根据前文提到工作辛苦、工资低→“respect those who did the work” 可知,这种工作让人珍惜挣来的钱。
对比选项差异:
A 选项 “appreciate” 有 “珍惜,感激” 之意,符合语境;
B 选项 “waste” 是 “浪费”,与文意相悖;
C 选项 “receive” 是 “收到”,与文意不符;
D 选项 “accept” 是 “接受”,与语境不符。
验证:“appreciate the dollars”体现出了对辛苦挣来钱的那种珍视情感。答案为 A。
例2
My mom had taught me to be 　36　 of strangers, but something about this woman made me feel safe. I asked her if she was lost. She said she was looking for the hospital. I told her I knew where it was. We walked through the parking lot, and she told me she was 　37　 to see her daughter, who was ill.
37.A.trying B.waiting
C.rushing D.working
【技法运用】
定位语境线索:后文 “her daughter, who was ill”(女儿生病)→母亲的动作应体现 “急切”。
对比选项差异:
A.trying(努力做):无 “急切” 含义;
B.waiting(等待):与 “找医院” 的动作矛盾;
C.rushing(匆忙前往):符合 “女儿生病,急切见女儿” 的语境;
D.working(工作):与场景完全无关。
验证:“rushing to see her daughter”(匆忙去见女儿)搭配合理,符合全文 “帮助陌生人” 的温暖主旨,答案为 C。
例3
As I held my father’s hands one night, I couldn’t help but notice their calluses (老茧) and roughness. His hands tell the story of his life as a 　21　, including all his struggles.
21.A.teacher B.gardener
C.farmer D.cook
【技法运用】
定位语境线索:空格前 “calluses and roughness”(老茧和粗糙)→需填 “手部劳动量大” 的职业。
对比选项差异:
A.teacher(教师):主要用手写字,手部不会粗糙到有老茧;
B.gardener(园丁):会有老茧,但“farmer”的劳动强度(耕种、搬运)更易产生“roughness”;
C.farmer(农民):长期从事田间重活,手部特征与 “老茧、粗糙” 完全匹配;
D.cook(厨师):手部可能有油污,但老茧和粗糙程度远低于农民。
验证:“farmer”的职业特征与前文“hands”的描述完全一致,逻辑通顺,答案为 C。
　 陷阱1:许多单词中文翻译相似,但英文使用语境完全不同。
陷阱2:出题人会设置一个固定搭配干扰项,看起来好像哪个都能说通,但只有一个是最地道的。
陷阱3:如果不联系上下文,只看本句,多个选项可能都语法正确。必须通过上下文的转折、因果等关系排除干扰选项。
陷阱4:选项中的词可能意思接近,但感彩一褒一贬,需要根据文章基调选择。
陷阱5:受汉语习惯影响,选择“中式英语”。
(2025·浙江省强基联盟高三联考题)
On August 4, a regular day nearly turned tragic for Keith Young, whose heart suddenly stopped at home. “I was upstairs about to take a shower when I 　1　 something went wrong. I started pounding on the floor,” Keith recalled.
( )1.　A.sensed B.observed C.analyzed D.explained
A　
1.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我在楼上正要洗澡的时候,突然感到出了问题。A.sensed感觉;B.observed观察;C.analyzed分析;D.explained解释。根据上文“On August 4, a regular day nearly turned tragic for Keith Young, whose heart suddenly stopped at home.”以及后文“something went wrong”可知,基思·杨洗澡的时候感觉自己情况不对。故选A。
“By the time my wife reached me, I could 　2　 breathe. Then everything went black, and when I woke up, I found myself lying in the 　3　.”
( )2.A.easily B.slowly C.barely D.smoothly
( )3.A.hospital B.home C.ambulance D.floor
C　
A　
2.考查副词词义辨析。句意:当我妻子来到我身边时,我几乎不能呼吸了。A.easily容易地;B.slowly缓慢地;C.barely几乎不,仅仅;D.smoothly顺利地。根据后文“Then everything went black”可知,基思·杨突发疾病,几乎无法呼吸,到最后昏了过去。故选C。
3.考查名词词义辨析。句意:然后一切都变黑了,当我醒来时,我发现自己躺在医院里。A.hospital医院;B.home家;C.ambulance救护车;D.floor地板。根据后文“Keith was rushed to the hospital”可知,他是在医院醒来的。故选A。
Keith’s wife, Rachel Young, who has been by his side for 41 years, was 　4　 as she watched her husband 　5　. She immediately called 911, 　6　 the worst. But this time, a 　7　 in emergency response technology changed everything.
( )4.A.puzzled B.terrified C.frustrated D.disappointed
( )5.A.breathe B.scream C.frown D.collapse
( )6.A.examining B.fearing C.reporting D.witnessing
( )7.A.challenge B.discovery C.tendency D.breakthrough
B　
D
B　
D　
4.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:基思的妻子瑞秋·杨陪伴了他41年,当她看到丈夫倒下时,她吓坏了。A.puzzled困惑的;B.terrified害怕的;C.frustrated沮丧的;D.disappointed失望的。根据后文“She immediately called 911”以及上文基思·杨因为心脏病倒下了,可知妻子很害怕,吓坏了。故选B。
5.考查动词词义辨析。句意:基思的妻子瑞秋·杨陪伴了他41年,当她看到丈夫倒下时,她吓坏了。A.breathe呼吸;B.scream尖叫;C.frown皱眉;D.collapse倒塌,倒下。根据上文“Then everything went black”可知,丈夫因为心脏病在洗澡的时候倒下了,故选D。
6.考查动词词义辨析。句意:她立即拨打了911,担心会发生最坏的情况。A.examining检查;B.fearing害怕,担心;C.reporting报告;D.witnessing目击。根据后文“the worst”以及上文丈夫突发心脏病倒下了,可知妻子担心会发生最坏的情况。故选B。
7.考查名词词义辨析。句意:但这一次,紧急反应技术的突破改变了一切。A.challenge挑战;B.discovery发现;C.tendency趋势;D.breakthrough突破。根据后文“in emergency response technology changed everything”以及妻子通过实时视频帮助丈夫实施心肺复苏,可知是紧急反应技术的突破改变了一切。故选D。
Rachel received a text 　8　 from the dispatcher (调度员), Randy Ruston of SAFD communications, with a link to a live video chat. When she opened it, Randy could see Keith’s 　9　 in real-time. “It enables us to 　10　 their microphone and camera,” Randy explained. “We are able to 　11　 factors like their heart rate, breathing, and even their skin tone—all critical for determining how 　12　 the situation is.”
( )8.A.update B.message C.invitation D.announcement
( )9.A.gesture B.figure C.condition D.expression
( )10.A.access B.adjust C.borrow D.activate
( )11.A.imagine B.control C.evaluate D.compare
( )12.A.urgent B.abnormal C.obvious D.regular
B　
C
　A
C　
A　
8.考查名词词义辨析。句意:瑞秋收到了一条短信,是调度员兰迪·拉斯顿发来的,上面有一个实时视频聊天的链接。A.update更新;B.message信息;C.invitation邀请;D.announcement公告。根据后文“from the dispatcher, Randy Ruston of SAFD communications, with a link to a live video chat”指妻子收到了调度员的信息,上面有一个实时视频聊天的链接。故选B。
9.考查名词词义辨析。句意:当她打开它时,兰迪可以实时看到基思的病情。A.gesture姿势;B.figure数字;C.condition情况,病情;D.expression表达。根据上文“with a link to a live video chat”可知,通过视频,调度员可以看到丈夫的病情。故选C。
10.考查动词词义辨析。句意:兰迪解释说:“这使我们能够访问他们的麦克风和摄像头。”A.access访问,进入;B.adjust调整;C.borrow借来;D.activate激活。根据后文“their microphone and camera”指这个链接可以能够访问他们的麦克风和摄像头,应用access。故选A。
11.考查动词词义辨析。句意:“我们可以评估他们的心率、呼吸甚至肤色等因素,这些都是确定情况紧急程度的关键因素。”A.imagine想象;B.control控制;C.evaluate评估;D.compare比较。根据后文“factors like their heart rate, breathing, and even their skin tone”指通过视频可以评估病人的心率、呼吸甚至肤色等因素,故选C。
12.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:“我们可以评估他们的心率、呼吸甚至肤色等因素,这些都是确定情况紧急程度的关键因素。”A.urgent紧急的;B.abnormal反常的;C.obvious明显的;D.regular定期的。根据上文“factors like their heart rate, breathing, and even their skin tone—all critical for determining how”以及丈夫发生心脏病的例子,可知这些因素都是确定情况紧急程度的关键因素。故选A。
Randy then guided Rachel through CPR, step by step, while waiting for the 　13　 of doctors. Thanks to the innovative technology and Rachel’s swift action, Keith was rushed to the hospital in critical condition but 　14　 the ordeal(磨难).
Now, Keith is back home, fully recovering, and feeling grateful. Rachel calls it “a(n) 　15　”.
( )13.A.training B.arrival C.demand D.permission
( )14.A.started B.embraced C.suffered D.survived
( )15.A.lesson B.success C.miracle D.adventure
B　
D　
C
13.考查名词词义辨析。句意:兰迪一边等待医生的到来,一边一步一步地指导瑞秋进行心肺复苏。A.training训练;B.arrival到达;C.demand要求;D.permission允许。根据上文“She immediately called 911”以及“while waiting for the”可知,妻子在等待医生的到来,并且一边一步一步按照指导进行心肺复苏。故选B。
14.考查动词词义辨析。句意:多亏了创新的技术和瑞秋的迅速行动,基思在危急的情况下被紧急送往医院,但他在这场考验中幸存了下来。A.started开始;B.embraced拥抱;C.suffered遭受;D.survived幸存。根据后文“Now, Keith is back home, fully recovering, and feeling grateful.(现在,基思回到了家,完全康复了,他心怀感激)”可知,丈夫活了下来,故选D。
15.考查名词词义辨析。句意:瑞秋称之为“奇迹”。A.lesson课程;B.success成功;C.miracle奇迹;D.adventure冒险。根据上文“Now, Keith is back home, fully recovering, and feeling grateful.(现在,基思回到了家,完全康复了,他心怀感激)”可知,丈夫康复回家,妻子称之为“奇迹”。故选C。
【语篇概述】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述Keith在家心脏骤停,她的妻子Rachel在911调度员Randy的远程视频指导下进行CPR急救,最终挽救了Keith生命的故事。
题型二
逻辑衔接题
完形填空中的逻辑衔接题主要考查句子与句子、段落与段落之间的逻辑关系。此类题目需通过分析空格前后的语义、句式及篇章结构,判断逻辑关系(如转折、因果、并列、递进等),进而选出正确的衔接词(连词、副词、介词短语等),选项通常是连接性词语(连词、副词、介词短语等)。选择哪个词,完全取决于上下文的逻辑走向。
　　My wife and I, together with our children, have had wonderful camping experiences over the years. We’ve also had a few 　1　 ones. One particularly memorable trip was to the High Sierra in California. We’d been warned about the weather there, but we didn’t expect it to be so 　2　.
1.A.difficult B.peaceful C.joyful D.short
2.A.mild B.strange C.cold D.dry
On the first night, we set up our tent in a small valley. The next morning, we woke up to find snow on the ground and ice on our tent. We quickly packed up and headed down the mountain, but the road was already covered in snow. Our car got stuck, and we had to wait for a local farmer to come and 　3　 us.
3.A.call B.help C.visit D.thank
【技法运用】
第 1 题:逻辑转折+反义复现
看连词:前文用 “also” 表递进,但后文 “one particularly memorable trip” 描述的是 “困难经历”,结合前文 “wonderful experiences”,可推断此处为 “反义复现”,逻辑倾向 “非美好”。
找复现词:后文提到 “car got stuck, wait for a local farmer”,均为 “困难” 的体现,与 “wonderful” 反义。
验证:代入difficult,前后句语义为 “我们有过美好的露营经历,也有过一些困难的经历”,转折逻辑通顺,排除 B(平静的)、C(快乐的)、D(短暂的)。故选A。
第 2 题:语义逻辑+同现词
看上下文语义:前文提到 “been warned about the weather”,后文描述 “snow on the ground and ice on our tent”,可知天气 “寒冷”。
找同现词:“snow, ice” 均为 “寒冷” 的同现词,暗示天气特征。
验证:代入cold,符合 “被警告天气,却没想到这么冷” 的语义,排除 A(温和的)、B(奇怪的)、D(干燥的)。故选C。
第 3 题:因果逻辑+语境匹配
看上下文语义:前文 “car got stuck”(车陷住)是 “因”,后文 “wait for a farmer” 是 “果”,需选能够解决当前困境的动作。
找同现词:“got stuck” 暗示需要 “帮助”,与 “help” 同现。
验证:代入help,“等待当地农民来帮助我们” 符合因果逻辑,排除 A(打电话)、C(拜访)、D(感谢)。故选B。
陷阱 1:形似义异——衔接词含义易混淆。
陷阱 2:逻辑混淆——忽略 “隐性逻辑”。
陷阱 3:局部陷阱——只看 “就近语义”,忽略 “篇章逻辑”。
(2024·广东汕头高三模考)
Eight-year-old Kayzen Hunter has a routine, breakfast at his local Waffle House with his family. With these trips comes his meal 　1　 by his favorite waiter, Devonte Gardner.
( )1.A.prepared B.delivered C.served D.enjoyed
C　
1.考查动词词义辨析。句意:在这些旅行中,他最喜欢的服务员Devonte Gardner为他上了饭。A.prepared准备;B.delivered递送;C.served服务;D.enjoyed欣赏。根据上文“With these trips comes his meal”可知,此处指端上饭菜,应用serve。故选C。
The family got more 　2　 with Devonte over time. “As we started to go more and more, we realized he’s just really a 　3　 in the world,” Hunter’s mother says. “It got to the point where we always would 　4　 in his section,” she adds. “He’s so smiley!”
( )2.A.satisfied B.familiar C.hopeful D.confused
( )3.A.light B.worker C.trouble D.manager
( )4.A.wander B.look C.enter D.sit
B　
A　
D　
2.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:随着时间的推移,这家人对Devonte越来越熟悉了。A.satisfied满意的;B.familiar熟悉的;C.hopeful有希望的;D.confused困惑的。根据后文“As we started to go more and more”可知他们经常去餐厅,和Devonte越来越熟悉了。故选B。
3.考查名词词义辨析。句意:Hunter的母亲说:“随着我们交流得越来越多,我们意识到他真的是世界上的一束光。”A.light光线;B.worker工人;C.trouble麻烦;D.manager经理。根据后文“He’s so smiley!”可知,Gardner很爱笑,非常乐观,所以把他比喻成世界上的一束光。故选A。
4.考查动词词义辨析。句意:她补充说:“我们总是在他的区域里坐着。他太爱笑了!”A.wander想知道;B.look看;C.enter进入;D.sit坐下。根据后文“in his section”可知是坐在Devonte服务的区域里。故选D。
One day, Kayzen learned that Gardner was in a(n) 　5　 living situation because his family’s rented apartment had a lot of 　6　, and he didn’t have a car to drive to work. He decided he wanted to help his friend by raising money online.
( )5.A.comfortable B.practical C.puzzling D.tough
( )6.A.space B.equipment C.issues D.owners
D　
C　
5.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:有一天,Kayzen得知Gardner的生活状况很艰难,因为他家租的公寓有很多问题。A.comfortable舒服的;B.practical实际的;C.puzzling令人迷惑的;D.tough艰难的。根据后文“he didn’t have a car to drive to work”可知,Gardner的生活状况很艰难,故选D。
6.考查名词词义辨析。句意:有一天,Kayzen得知Gardner的生活状况很艰难,因为他家租的公寓有很多问题,而且他也没有车,无法开车去上班。A.space空间;B.equipment装备;C.issues问题;D.owners物主。根据后文“and he didn’t have a car to drive to work”可知,此处主要是在说明遇到的问题,故选C。
The 　7　 idea was to raise enough to get Devonte a car. Though the GoFundMe started slow, with more attention, the amount raised has 　8　 to over $100, 000 as of publication. Now, Gardner has just 　9　 an agreement for a new apartment thanks to the efforts of his little friend.
( )7.A.initial B.creative C.similar D.interesting
( )8.A.adjusted B.soared C.sunk D.set
( )9.A.designed B.noticed C.copied D.signed
A　
B　
D　
7.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:最初的想法是筹集足够的资金给Devonte买一辆车。A.initial最初的;B.creative创造性的;C.similar熟悉的;D.interesting有趣的。根据后文“an agreement for a new apartment thanks to the efforts of his little friend”可知,后来筹集到的资金多到可以租房子了,说明最初的想法是筹集足够的资金给Devonte买一辆车。故选A。
8.考查动词词义辨析。句意:虽然GoFundMe起步缓慢,但随着越来越多的关注,截至发稿时,筹集的资金已飙升至10万美元以上。A.adjusted调整;B.soared飙升;C.sunk下沉;D.set设置。根据后文“to over $100,000”指筹集的资金已飙升至10万美元以上。故选B。
9.考查动词词义辨析。句意:现在,由于他的小朋友的努力,Gardner刚刚签了一份新公寓的协议。A.designed设计;B.noticed注意到;C.copied复制;D.signed示意,署名。根据后文“an agreement for a new apartment thanks to the efforts of his little friend”指Gardner刚刚签了一份新公寓的协议。故选D。
“I will be moving in soon. We’re able to have a more stable life,” Gardner says, 　10　 that he’s looking to get a family car but will save the rest of the money for his kids.
“I think so many people 　11　 a lot of energy complaining about what they don’t like,” Kayzen’s mother says. “But if you just stay positive and take 　12　, then you know eventually love and positivity will 　13　. It always does.”
( )10.A.adding B.promising C.suggesting D.claiming
( )11.A.gather B.waste C.reveal D.disturb
( )12.A.action B.time C.employment D.offence
( )13.A.turn up B.step aside C.set off D.win out
A
B　
A　
D　
10.考查动词词义辨析。句意:“我很快就要搬进去了。我们可以有一个更稳定的生活,”Gardner说,他补充说,他想买一辆家用汽车,但会把剩下的钱留给他的孩子。A.adding增加;B.promising承诺;C.suggesting建议;D.claiming声称。根据后文“that he’s looking to get a family car but will save the rest of the money for his kids”他想买一辆家用汽车,但会把剩下的钱留给他的孩子,是对之前的补充。故选A。
11.考查动词词义辨析。句意:我认为很多人浪费了很多精力抱怨他们不喜欢的东西。A.gather聚集;B.waste浪费;C.reveal揭示;D.disturb打扰。根据后文“a lot of energy complaining about what they don’t like”指浪费了很多精力抱怨他们不喜欢的东西。故选B。
12.考查名词词义辨析。句意:但如果你只是保持积极并采取行动,那么你知道最终爱和乐观会胜出。A.action行动;B.time时间;C.employment雇用;D.offence犯罪。根据上文“But if you just stay positive and take”可知,建议保持乐观并采取行动。故选A。
13.考查动词短语辨析。句意:但如果你只是保持乐观并采取行动,那么你最会明白终爱和乐观会胜出。A.turn up出现;B.step aside让路;C.set off出发;D.win out胜出。根据上文“then you know eventually love and positivity will”可知,如果你只是保持乐观并采取行动,那么你最终会明白爱和乐观会胜出。故选D。
Kayzen’s father adds, “Kayzen’s middle name is 　14　 Love.” When asked if they think Kayzen is 　15　 his name, both of his parents reply “Exactly”.
( )14.A.surprisingly B.actually
C.eventually D.fortunately
( )15.A.getting used to B.looking down on
C.living up to D.holding on to
B　
C
14.考查副词词义辨析。句意:Kayzen的中间名实际上是Love。A.surprisingly惊人地;B.actually实际上;C.eventually最后;D.fortunately幸运地。根据上文“Kayzen’s middle name is”指Kayzen的中间名实际上是Love。故选B。
15.考查动词短语辨析。句意:当被问及Kayzen是否人如其名时,他的父母都回答说:“确实如此。”A.getting used to习惯于;B.looking down on看不起;C.living up to达到期望;D.holding on to抓住。根据后文“Exactly”指名字是否没有辜负期待,故选C。
【语篇概述】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了服务员Devonte Gardner尽管生活状况很艰难,但是凭借乐观的天性,得到了Kayzen Hunter一家人的帮助。
题型三
固定搭配题
固定搭配题是高考英语完形填空的核心题型之一,主要考查考生对动词短语、介词短语、名词短语、形容词短语等固定搭配的掌握程度,以及在语境中灵活运用的能力。此类题目答案通常具有唯一性,若不熟悉搭配规则,仅靠翻译或语境推测易出错。
例1
After the exam, my teacher had a talk with me. She said I should 　　　　more attention to my handwriting, as messy writing might cause mistakes in grading. I promised to practice writing every day.
　　　　 　　　　 　　　　
A.pay B.give C.take D.make
【技法运用】
1.识别搭配信号词:空格后是 “attention to”,信号词提示考查 “动词+attention to” 的固定搭配。
2.调用搭配知识库:记忆中 “pay attention to” 是固定搭配,意为 “注意”,其他选项 “give”“take”“make” 均无法与 “attention to” 构成正确搭配。
3.语境验证:“老师建议我多注意书写”,“pay attention to” 符合 “提醒关注某问题” 的语境,语义连贯,无逻辑矛盾。
故选A。
例2
The volunteers spent two weeks in the village. They helped the locals build roads and teach children. When they left, the villagers 　　　　thanks to them for their hard work.
A.expressed B.made
C.did D.said
【技法运用】
1.识别搭配信号词:空格后是 “thanks to”,信号词提示考查 “动词+thanks” 的固定搭配。
2.调用搭配知识库:常见与 “thanks” 搭配的动词是 “express”,构成 “express thanks to sb”(向某人表达感谢);make和do均不能与thanks构成搭配,“say thanks” 虽可表达 “说谢谢”,但 “express thanks” 更正式,而且是高考高频考点。
3.语境验证:“村民向志愿者表达感谢”,“express thanks” 符合 “正式场合表达感激” 的语境,比 “say thanks” 更贴合 “志愿者辛苦工作后村民的态度”,语义更精准。
故选A。
　 陷阱1:用中文的表达习惯直接翻译,导致搭配错误。
陷阱2:几个短语动词拥有相同的动词,但后接的副词 / 介词不同,意思相差千里。
陷阱3:空格前后出现的词,看似可以构成某个搭配,但代入后句意不通,实则需要根据语境选择其他答案。
陷阱4:命题人有时会将两个空设置得非常接近,或者将一个短语拆开,用另一个空的选项来干扰对固定搭配的判断。
(2025·广东东莞高三联考)
I was thrilled to cover a new expedition to Qomolangma as a journalist. However, as I got off the vehicle at the base camp, I was immediately 　1　 by dizziness and shortness of breath—　2　 of mountain sickness. Even the act of taking a few steps demanded an extraordinary amount of 　3　.
( )1.A.drawn B.found C.taught D.struck
( )2.A.signs B.types C.risks D.causes
( )3.A.patience B.energy C.money D.practice
D　
A　
B　
【解析】
1.考查动词词义辨析。上文说 “作为记者报道珠峰探险很激动”,后文提 “头晕、呼吸急促”,D 项 “struck(侵袭)” 符合 “高原反应突然出现” 的语境,搭配 “by dizziness”,体现身体不适的突发感,故选D。
2.考查名词词义辨析。前文 “头晕、呼吸急促” 是身体症状,A 项 “signs(迹象)” 对应 “高原反应的表现”,符合 “通过症状判断高原反应” 的逻辑,故选A。
3.考查名词词义辨析。结合 “高原反应” 的背景,走路会消耗更多体力,B 项 “energy(精力)” 搭配 “take”,表示 “耗费精力”,符合 “走几步就累” 的场景,故选B。
　　At that moment, a question 　4　 within me: Why do people keep climbing Mount Qomolangma When asked this question, British mountaineer George Mallory gave his famous 　5　 : “Because it’s there.”
( )4.A.ended B.arose C.response D.lay
( )5.A.suggestion B.response C.conclusion D.guidance
B　
B　
【解析】
4.考查动词词义辨析。前文作者出现身体不适,此时心中 “产生问题”,B 项 “arose(出现、引发)” 符合 “问题自然浮现” 的语境,搭配 “in my mind”,体现思考的起点,故选B。
5.考查名词词义辨析。上文是作者的提问 “Why… ”,后文 “Because it’s there” 是对问题的回答,B 项 “response(回应)” 直接对应 “问题与答案” 的逻辑,故选B。
Mallory reminded me of countless climbers who have put their lives at risk to 　6　 the mountain’s towering height with their own footsteps. They encounter an almost vertical (垂直的) wall close to the top. It is so difficult to find 　7　 points for climbing that the earliest climbers thought no one could 　8　 the wall.
( )6.A.adjust B.cover C.confirm D.measure
( )7.A.check B.view C.support D.rest
( )8.A.get past B.come back C.take back D.go through
D　
C　
A　
【解析】
6.考查动词词义辨析。后文 “with their own footsteps” 指用脚步丈量,D 项 “measure(测量)” 搭配 “the mountain’s height”,指的是登山者用脚步丈量山峰高度,符合语境,故选D。
7.考查动词词义辨析。前文 “几乎垂直的墙” 是登山障碍,攀岩需要 “支撑点”,C 项 “support(支持)” 搭配 “points”,表示 “支撑点”,符合 “在垂直墙面寻找发力点” 的场景,故选C。
8.考查动词短语辨析。前文 “找不到支撑点”,导致登山者难以 “越过墙”,A 项 “get past(越过阻碍)” 直接对应 “翻越垂直墙面” 的动作,与 “no one could…” 形成 “因困难无法完成” 的逻辑,故选A。
In 1960, Liu Lianman, a Chinese climber, let his teammates 　9　 on his shoulders to cross the wall. Already 　10　, he gathered all his strength to uplift his teammates. Though his 　11　 did not appear on the list of those who reached the top, Liu is undoubtedly a true 　12　.
( )9.A.step B.fight C.cry D.work
( )10.A.disappointed B.terrified C.annoyed D.exhausted
( )11.A.story B.act C.name D.failure
( )12.A.champion B.hero C.talent D.friend
A　
D
C　
B　
【解析】
9.考查动词词义辨析。后文 “on his shoulders” 是关键场景,队友需 “踩在肩膀上” 才能越过墙,A 项 “step(踏、踩)” 搭配 “on”,准确体现 “借助他人肩膀登高” 的动作,故选A。
10.考查形容词词义辨析。后文 “gathered all his strength(鼓起所有力量)” 暗示他已体力透支,D 项 “exhausted(筋疲力尽的)” 与 “仍努力鼓舞队友” 形成转折,体现人物的意志力,故选D。
11.考查名词词义辨析。后文 “on the list of those who reached the top” 指 “登顶者名单”,名单上记录的是 “名字”,C 项 “name(名字)” 符合 “名单的核心内容是人名” 的常识,故选C。
12.考查名词词义辨析。前文刘连满牺牲自己帮助队友,虽未登顶但贡献巨大,B 项 “hero(英雄)” 对应 “无私奉献、精神可嘉” 的评价,符合对人物的正面定位,故选B。
I recalled the interview with Dong Hongjuan, the first woman to conquer (征服) 14 mountains above 8,000 meters, who 　13　 understands how small humans are compared to 　14　. She told me: “I never felt I conquered those mountains; it’s just that the mountains 　15　 me.”
( )13.A.hardly B.truly C.firstly D.slightly
( )14.A.nature B.life C.time D.success
( )15.A.protected B.discovered C.admired D.accepted
B　
A　
D
【解析】
13.考查副词词义辨析。后文董红娟的话 “I never felt I conquered…” 体现对自然的敬畏,说明她 “真正理解” 人类与自然的关系,B 项 “truly(真正地)” 强化 “深刻认知” 的程度,故选B。
14.考查名词词义辨析。前文 “征服 14 座高度超过海拔 8000 米的山峰” 是人类挑战自然的行为,此处 “人类渺小” 是相对 “自然” 而言,A 项 “nature(自然)” 对应 “高山代表的自然力量”,符合语境,故选A。
15.考查动词词义辨析。前文 “never felt I conquered(从未觉得征服)” 是关键态度,体现对自然的敬畏,D 项 “accepted(接受)” 与 “conquered” 形成对比,说明 “是自然接纳人类,而非人类征服自然”,符合逻辑,故选D。
【语篇概述】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者从自己报道一次珠峰探险时产生高原反应的经历引发了对人们攀登珠穆朗玛峰的探究。
题型四
语法结构题
高考英语完形填空的语法结构题,核心考查考生对英语基本语法规则的理解与灵活运用能力,常涉及定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句、非谓语动词、时态、语态、主谓一致等语法点。这类题目并非单纯考查语法知识记忆,而是要求结合上下文语境,判断符合逻辑和语法规则的选项,是 “语法+语境” 的综合考查。
例1
My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years. Some of our favorite memories are from the times we’ve gone camping. We have slept in a tent, cooked over a fire, and walked miles through the forest. We’ve also met many interesting people along the way, some of 　42　 have become lifelong friends.
42.A.which B.whom C.them D.who
【技法运用】
1.定位考点:空格前有逗号,且先行词是 “many interesting people”,空格后是 “have become lifelong friends”(缺主语),该句非限制性定语从句。
2.分析成分:非限制性定语从句中,先行词people作介词of的宾语,关系词需用宾格形式。
3.排除选项:A.which:先行词需为 “物”,排除;C.them:是人称代词,不能引导从句,排除;D.who:是主格,不能作of的宾语,排除;
4.验证语境:“some of whom” 指代“many interesting people”中的一些人,语义通顺,符合句意。
故选B。
例2
It was a cold winter day. A little boy about 10 years old was standing in front of a shoe store on Broadway, barefooted, 　36　 through the window, and shivering with cold. A lady approached the boy and said, “My little fellow, why are you looking so earnestly in that window ”
36.A.look B.looking C.looked D.to look
【技法运用】
1.定位考点:空格前有谓语动词 “was standing”,且无连词连接,空格后是 “through the window”,判断为非谓语动词(作伴随状语)。
2.分析成分:非谓语动词的逻辑主语是 “a little boy”,“look through the window” 是男孩主动发出的动作(伴随 “standing” 同时发生),需用现在分词形式。
3.排除选项:A.look:动词原形,不能作非谓语(会导致句子有多个谓语,语法错误),排除;C.looked:过去分词,表示 “被动 / 完成”,男孩是主动 “看”,排除;D.to look:不定式,表示 “目的 / 将来”,此处是 “伴随动作”,排除。
4.验证语境:“standing... barefooted, looking through the window” 描述男孩 “赤脚站着、望向橱窗” 的场景,语义连贯。
故选B。
陷阱 1:关系词混淆——定语从句 vs 并列句。
陷阱 2:非谓语动词主动 vs 被动——逻辑主语判断错误。
陷阱 3:状语从句连词逻辑混淆——因果 vs 转折 vs 条件。
(2025·安徽合肥高三模考)
When I was young, my family had one of the first telephones in our neighborhood. I used to listen with 　1　 when my mother talked to the old case 　2　 to the wall.
( )1.A.respect B.sincerity C.fascination D.caution
( )2.A.driven B.pushed C.opened D.fixed
C　
D　
【解析】
1.考查名词词义辨析。后文 “Then I discovered…amazing person” 体现作者对电话的好奇,C 项 “fascination(着迷、极大的吸引力)” 搭配 “with”,表示 “怀着好奇”,符合 “对未知事物感兴趣” 的童年心态,故选C。
2.考查动词词义辨析。A.driven驱动;B.pushed推动;C.opened打开;D.fixed固定。根据下文“to the wall”以及常识可知,电话是固定在墙上的。故选D。
Then I discovered that inside the wonderful 　3　 lived an amazing person—Information Please, who could 　4　 anybody’s number.
( )3.A.hole B.device C.home D.community
( )4.A.provide B.change C.delete D.guess
B　
A　
3.考查名词词义辨析。后文 “to the wall” 及常识可知,旧电话通常 “固定在墙上”,D 项 “fixed(固定)” 搭配 “to”,体现 “装置与墙面的连接状态”,符合场景,故选D。
4.考查动词词义辨析。“信息查询” 的核心功能是提供号码,A 项 “provide(提供)” 搭配 “anybody’s number”,符合 “电话服务的功能定位”,故选A。
My first personal 　5　 with this genie (精灵) in the bottle came one day. Amusing myself at the tool bench, I hit my finger with a hammer. The pain was terrible, but there was no one home to give 　6　. Suddenly I spotted the telephone.
( )5.A.meeting B.experience C.interview D.cooperation
( )6.A.approval B.confidence C.comfort D.comment
B　
C　
5.考查名词词义辨析。后文描述作者 “第一次打电话求助” 的过程,B 项 “experience(体验)” 对应 “亲身经历的事情”,体现 “首次接触电话服务” 的经历,故选B。
6.考查名词词义辨析。前文 “疼痛难忍” 且 “家里没人”,作者需要 “安慰”,C 项 “comfort(安慰)” 搭配 “give”,符合 “痛苦时需要情感慰藉” 的场景,故选C。
Quickly I ran for it and 　7　 the receiver. “Information Please!” I 　8　. A voice spoke into my ear. “Information.” “I hurt my finger...” The tears came readily enough now that I had a(n) 　9　.
( )7.A.pressed B.dialled C.replaced D.lifted
( )8.A.ordered B.cheered C.yelled D.declared
( )9.A.teacher B.audience C.partner D.assistant
D　
C　
B　
7.考查动词词义辨析。后文 “the receiver(听筒)” 是电话的关键部件,使用电话需 “拿起听筒”,D 项 “lifted(举起)” 搭配 “the receiver”,准确体现 “打电话的第一步动作”,故选D。
8.考查动词词义辨析。前文 “疼痛难忍、无人安慰”,作者此时情绪急切,求助时会 “大喊”,C 项 “yelled(大喊)” 体现 “急切求助的语气”,符合 “因疼痛和无助产生的激动状态”,故选C。
9.考查名词词义辨析。前文作者对着电话说话,电话那头的人是 “听众”,B 项 “audience(听众)” 对应 “有人倾听自己的痛苦” 的场景,与 “tears came” 形成 “有倾诉对象后情绪释放” 的逻辑,故选B。
“Isn’t your mother home ” came the question. “Nobody’s home but me.”
“Are you bleeding ” “No.” I replied.
“Can you open your icebox ” she asked. I said I could. “Then 　10　 a little piece of ice and hold it to your finger.”
( )10.A.heat up B.slip on C.put away D.chip off
D
10.考查动词短语辨析。后文 “a little piece of ice” 需要从冰块上 “弄下来”,D 项 “chip off(掰下)” 搭配 “ice”,体现 “获取小块冰” 的动作,符合 “用冰块敷手指止痛” 的步骤,故选D。
After that I called her for everything. I asked her for help with my geography and math. She even 　11　 me that my pet chipmunk I had caught in the park liked eating fruits and nuts.
As I grew into my teens, the memories of those childhood 　12　 never really left me; often in moments of 　13　 I would recall the sense of security I had then.
( )11.A.informed B.showed C.warned D.inspired
( )12.A.conversations B.injuries C.pains D.dreams
( )13.A.glory B.kindness C.confusion D.anger
A　
A　
C　
11.考查动词词义辨析。后文 “宠物花栗鼠喜欢吃水果坚果” 是信息,电话那头的人将此告知作者,A 项 “informed(告知)” 搭配 “sb. that…”,体现 “传递信息” 的动作,符合 “信息查询提供额外信息” 的场景,故选A。
12.考查名词词义辨析。前文主要讲述作者与 “信息查询” 的 “电话对话”,A 项 “conversations(对话)” 直接指代 “童年时的电话交流”,与 “memories” 搭配,体现 “回忆过去的对话”,故选A。
13.考查名词词义辨析。后文 “recall the sense of security(回忆安全感)” 暗示作者在 “困惑时” 需要慰藉,C 项 “confusion(困惑)” 搭配 “moments of”,表示“在迷茫时刻寻求心理支撑”,故选C。
I 　14　 how patient and 　15　 a stranger was to have spent her time on a little boy.
( )14.A.admitted B.appreciated C.wondered D.estimated
( )15.A.optimistic B.ambitious C.disciplined D.understanding
B　
D
14.考查动词词义辨析。前文陌生人(电话那头的人)耐心帮助作者,作者对此心怀感激,B 项 “appreciated(感激)” 搭配 “how patient…”,表示“对他人善意的认可”,故选B。
15.考查形容词词义辨析。前文 “耐心帮助小男孩” 体现陌生人的善解人意,D 项 “understanding(理解的)” 与 “patient” 并列,描述 “愿意花时间陪伴小男孩” 的温柔态度,符合语境,故选D。
【语篇概述】 本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者童年时通过电话与“信息查询”互动的经历,感受到了陌生人的善意和帮助。
题型一
维度二　辨明信息范围考查层次
句内层次题
例1
... I was, however, talking to a man who had just finished a talk on the Arctic, and he was 　44　 when I asked if he knew anything about the Antarctic.
44.A.patient B.excited C.scared D.confused
【技法运用】
第一步:分析句子结构——空格处需填形容词,作表语,描述 “the man” 的状态,关键线索是 “when I asked if he knew anything about the Antarctic”(当我问他是否了解南极时),且前文提到 “he had just finished a talk on the Arctic”(他刚做完关于北极的讲座)。
第二步:提取语义提示——“北极讲座” 与 “问南极” 形成 “话题转换”,合理的状态应是 “困惑”(刚讲完北极,突然被问南极,会疑惑)。
第三步:排除矛盾选项——A(耐心的)、B(兴奋的)、C(害怕的)均与 “话题转换” 的语境无关联,只有 D(confused)符合语境。
结论:答案为 D,线索完全来自本句的 “讲座主题” 与 “提问内容” 的对比,无需依赖前后文。
例2
... I decided to 　41　 the challenge. I had always been attracted by the idea of working abroad.
41.A.take on B.look into C.carry out D.point out
【技法运用】
第一步:分析搭配。空格后是 “the challenge”(挑战),需填 “动词+介词” 的固定搭配,且搭配对象为 “challenge”。
第二步:识别固定搭配。
A.take on:承担(责任、挑战等),固定搭配 “take on the challenge”(接受挑战);
B.look into:调查(问题、事件),不与 “challenge” 搭配;
C.carry out:执行(计划、任务),搭配 “carry out a plan/task”,不与 “challenge” 搭配;
D.point out:指出(错误、问题),搭配 “point out a mistake”,不与 “challenge” 搭配。
第三步:代入验证。“take on the challenge” 语义通顺,且与后句 “working abroad”(出国工作,属于挑战)呼应(但后句仅为补充,核心线索仍在 “take on+challenge” 的搭配)。
结论:答案为 A,完全依赖 “动词+名词” 的固定搭配。
陷阱 1:语义相近但搭配不符——混淆 “语义” 与 “搭配” 的优先级。
陷阱 2:固定搭配的部分干扰——利用 “相似搭配” 误导。
陷阱 3:语法成分误判——忽略空格的语法功能。
陷阱 4:主观臆断语义——脱离句内提示,代入个人经验。
(2025·江苏泰州高三模考)
I lived at home while I went to college, and I appreciated the extra time with my family. I 　1　 my mom’s wisdom and I actually took her advice! One day particularly 　2　 for me, a day when a simple piece of advice became a(n) 　3　 lesson.
( )1.A.envied B.shared C.questioned D.respected
( )2.A.came out B.stood out C.turned out D.broke out
( )3.A.painful B.basic C.lifelong D.interesting
D　
B　
C　
【解析】
1.考查动词词义辨析。后文 “采纳妈妈建议” 说明作者认可妈妈的智慧,D 项 “respected(尊重)” 符合 “因认可而采纳建议” 的逻辑,故选D。
2.考查动词短语辨析。下文提到“这天的建议成终身教训”,说明这天对作者意义特殊,B 项 “stood out(重要、显眼)” 体现 “这天的特殊性”,故选B。
3.考查形容词词义辨析。后文 “如今仍会想起妈妈递纸条的场景”,说明建议影响持久,C 项 “lifelong(终身的)” 呼应 “长期影响”,故选C。
I don’t remember what I was upset about, but I remember 　4　 that I was talking on the kitchen phone to someone. Mom was busy as usual with household tasks and she wasn’t one to interfere. But for some reason she 　5　 as the call went on that my mood was not 　6　. Suddenly she stood before me with a tiny piece of paper. She handed it to me with a smile and then 　7　.
( )4.A.vividly B.actually C.hardly D.especially
( )5.A.agreed B.wondered C.knew D.admitted
( )6.A.mentioned B.improved C.reflected D.discovered
( )7.A.left B.returned C.escaped D.wandered
A　
C　
B　
A　
4.考查副词词义辨析。前文 “不记得沮丧原因”,但用 “but” 转折,后文详细描述打电话场景,A 项 “vividly(清楚地)” 体现 “对细节记忆清晰”,故选A。
5.考查动词词义辨析。后文 “妈妈递纸条安慰”,说明妈妈察觉到作者情绪差,C 项 “knew(知道)” 符合 “妈妈感知情绪” 的语境,故选C。
6.考查动词词义辨析。后文 “纸条写‘要友善’”,说明作者情绪未好转,妈妈才递纸条,B 项 “improved(改善)” 与 “情绪差” 形成对比,故选B。
7.考查动词词义辨析。前文 “妈妈忙着做家务,不干涉”,递完纸条后应回归家务,A 项 “left(离开)” 符合 “不打扰作者打电话” 的逻辑,故选A。
I 　8　 the tiny paper. It read: “Be Nice” and had a smiley face drawing.
I 　9　 my mother’s advice. From that point I took a 　10　 tone. By the conclusion of the conversation the tension I had felt was 　11　. All was at peace.
( )8.A.turned up B.folded up C.picked up D.looked at
( )9.A.followed B.ignored C.supported D.wanted
( )10.A.serious B.higher C.natural D.friendlier
( )11.A.eased B.changed C.figured D.expressed
D　
A　
D
A　
8.考查动词短语辨析。后文提及 “纸条内容”,说明作者看到了纸条,D 项 “looked at(看)” 是 “得知内容” 的前提,故选D。
9.考查动词词义辨析。后文 “语气改变”,说明作者按纸条建议做了,A 项 “followed(遵循)” 直接对应 “采纳建议”,故选A。
10.考查形容词词义辨析。纸条内容是 “要友善”,作者遵循建议后,语气应更友好,D 项 “friendlier(更友好的)” 呼应 “Be Nice”,故选D。
11.考查动词词义辨析。后文 “我的世界一片宁静”,说明紧张感消失,A 项 “eased(缓和)” 体现 “紧张气氛缓解”,故选A。
For many years that piece of paper has been serving as a constant 　12　. Today, whenever I feel stressed or impatient in the presence of a(n) 　13　 person, I visualize my mom handing me that piece of paper and I act 　14　. Who would have ever guessed the timeless 　15　 of two little words and a smiley face on a simple little piece of paper
( )12.A.pressure B.reminder C.force D.presence
( )13.A.encouraging B.warm-hearted C.challenging D.open-minded
( )14.A.accordingly B.gradually C.bravely D.causally
( )15.A.memory B.value C.fun D.art
B　
C　
A　
B
12.考查名词词义辨析。后文 “如今仍会想起纸条”,说明纸条起到提醒作用,B 项 “reminder(提醒物)” 符合 “长期提醒作者保持友善” 的功能,故选B。
13.考查形容词词义辨析。前文 “感到压力、不耐烦”,说明面对的人让作者困扰,C 项 “challenging(有挑战性的)” 对应 “让人不适的人”,故选C。
14.考查副词词义辨析。作者想起妈妈的纸条后,会按建议调整自己,A 项 “accordingly(照着)” 体现 “根据纸条建议行动”,故选A。
15.考查名词词义辨析。前文 “纸条伴随多年、提醒作者”,说明纸条有重要意义,B 项 “value(价值)” 体现 “纸条的持久作用”,故选B。
【语篇概述】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了妈妈写的纸条成为作者一生与人为善的警示的故事。
题型二
句组层次题
　　My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the years. We keep a tent, sleeping bags, and camping equipment in the garage, ready for any trip.
We 　41　 most of our weekends camping. It’s so 　42　 to get into the car and just go. We love to cook over the fire, 　43　 we have watched the moon rise over the trees. We have seen shooting stars. We have even seen a bear walk through our campground.
Camping is fun, but it’s not always 　44　. Last year, we went camping during a rainstorm. We 　45　 our tent in the dark, but water still found its way in. The kids woke up with wet sleeping bags.
41.　A.waste B.spend C.miss D.save
...
44.A.comfortable B.tiring C.boring D.difficult
45.A.looked for B.took off C.put up D.moved away
【技法运用】
1. 第 41 题(顺承逻辑,线索句:前 1 句)
A.waste(浪费):与 “wonderful experiences” 情感冲突,排除;
B.spend(度过):“spend weekends camping”(周末去露营),符合 “有装备→去露营” 的顺承逻辑,正确;
C.miss(错过):与 “ready for any trip”(随时准备)矛盾,排除;
D.save(节省):单句语义可通,但与 “有美好经历、备装备” 的线索句无逻辑关联,排除。
2. 第 44 题(转折逻辑,线索句:前 1 句+后句)
A.comfortable(舒适的):“fun but not always comfortable”(有趣但不总是舒适的),与后句 “暴雨、湿睡袋” 的 “不舒适” 线索完全匹配,正确;
B.tiring(累的):后句未提及 “累”,仅说 “湿睡袋”,无线索支撑,排除;
C.boring(无聊的):与前句 “fun”(有趣)语义重复转折,“有趣但不无聊” 逻辑矛盾,排除;
D.difficult(困难的):后句 “搭帐篷、淋雨” 并非 “困难”(只是不舒适),语义不符,排除。
3. 第 45 题(顺承逻辑,线索句:后 1 句)
A.looked for(寻找):若 “找帐篷”,水是否进来无逻辑关联,排除;
B.took off(脱下 / 取下):“取下帐篷” 与 “水进来” 无转折逻辑(取下帐篷水更易进),排除;
C.put up(搭建):“在黑暗中搭帐篷,但水还是渗进来”,符合 “努力搭建却仍漏水” 的转折顺承,正确;
D.moved away(移走):“移走帐篷” 与后句 “水进来” 无逻辑,排除。
答案:41.B　44.A　45.C
陷阱1:单句合理,句间逻辑断裂。
陷阱2:逻辑词误导,语义方向错配。
陷阱3:偷换场景,语义不连贯。
(2025·广东广州高三模考)
On my bookshelf, next to the books I loved and the ones I never read, there was a dictionary. It wasn’t anything 　1　, just a book that had been there forever.
( )1.A.cheap B.special C.familiar D.difficult
B　
【解析】
1.考查形容词词义辨析。后文 “只是一本一直存在的书”,说明字典很普通,B 项 “special(特别的)” 与 “普通” 形成否定,符合 “不特别” 的描述,故选B。
I was going through a 　2　 time. Work was a mess, and I felt like I wasn’t going anywhere. Then I saw the dictionary. I 　3　 it, and it felt good in my hands. As I opened its pages, a 　4　 word caught my eye: “resilience.” It was 　5　 as “the capacity to recover 　6　 from difficulties; toughness.”
( )2.A.tough B.strange C.fearless D.bright
( )3.A.spotted B.located C.grabbed D.designed
( )4.A.random B.fancy C.regular D.secret
( )5.A.marked B.signed C.tolerated D.defined
( )6.A.carefully B.quickly C.politely D.normally
A　
C　
A　
D　
B　
2.考查形容词词义辨析。后文 “工作一团糟”,说明作者生活不顺,A 项 “tough(艰难的)” 对应 “困境”,故选A。
3.考查动词词义辨析。后文 “握在手里感觉好”,说明作者拿起了字典,C 项 “grabbed(拿起)” 是 “握住” 的前提动作,故选C。
4.考查形容词词义辨析。作者随意翻开字典,偶然看到 “韧性” 一词,A 项 “random(随机的)” 体现 “偶然看到”,故选A。
5.考查动词词义辨析。后文是 “韧性” 的具体含义,D 项 “defined(定义)” 搭配 “be defined as”,符合 “解释词语含义” 的语境,故选D。
6.考查副词词义辨析。“韧性” 的核心是 “快速恢复”,B 项 “quickly(快速地)” 对应 “韧性” 的定义,故选B。
I 　7　 the letters with my finger, letting the meaning sink in. I kept nipping (翻动) through the pages. “Grit” was about not giving up, even when things are hard. “Serendipity” was about good luck finding you when you least 　8　 it. And then there was “thrive”—about growing and doing well, even in the face of 　9　.
( )7.A.recognized B.recorded C.traced D.reduced
( )8.A.expect B.refuse C.doubt D.challenge
( )9.A.regret B.hope C.trouble D.surprise
C　
A　
C　
7.考查动词词义辨析。后文 “深入理解意思”,作者通过触摸字母加深感受,C 项 “traced(追踪、描摹)” 体现 “用手指描摹字母” 的动作,故选C。
8.考查动词词义辨析。“意外收获” 指 “意想不到的好运”,A 项 “expect(期待)” 与 “good luck” 呼应,符合词义,故选A。
9.考查名词词义辨析。“茁壮成长” 强调 “克服困难成长”,用 “even” 转折,C 项 “trouble(困难)” 体现 “逆境”,故选C。
I was as if the dictionary was speaking directly to my 　10　, not only offering definitions but giving me a little 　11　. I realized my dictionary wasn’t just a bunch of words. It was a book full of good 　12　. It didn’t tell me everything would be okay, but it showed me how to find my way.
( )10.A.face B.brain C.sense D.soul
( )11.A.push B.agreement C.concern D.judgement
( )12.A.commitment B.imagination C.assessment D.advice
D
A　
D　
10.考查名词词义辨析。后文 “字典给作者鼓励”,体现深层精神共鸣,D 项 “soul(灵魂)” 符合 “精神层面交流” 的语境,故选D。
11.考查名词词义辨析。后文 “找到答案、继续前进”,说明字典给作者动力,A 项 “push(鼓励、推动力)” 对应 “激励作者行动”,故选A。
12.考查名词词义辨析。后文 “字典指引作者找到方向”,说明字典提供实用建议,D 项 “advice(建议)” 符合 “指引方向” 的功能,故选D。
Now, my dictionary is more than just a book. It’s a 　13　 of strength. It tells me that when life gets me down, I can always 　14　, find an answer, and keep moving forward. Because sometimes, the help we need is right in front of us, just 　15　 to be opened.
( )13.A.expert B.contrast C.symbol D.trial
( )14.A.look back B.look up C.turn down D.turn in
( )15.A.pretending B.waiting C.pausing D.competing
C　
B　
B
13.考查名词词义辨析。前文 “字典不止是书”,后文 “象征力量”,C 项 “symbol(象征)” 体现 “字典的精神意义”,故选C。
14.考查动词短语辨析。后文 “找到答案”,字典的核心功能是 “查询”,B 项 “look up(查找)” 符合 “查字典找答案” 的逻辑,故选B。
15.考查动词词义辨析。前文 “帮助就在眼前”,说明帮助在等待被发现,B 项 “waiting(等待)” 体现 “帮助已存在,只需主动获取”,故选B。
【语篇概述】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者对一本字典的认识,它不仅是一本工具书,更是作者在面对困境时的精神支持者,从字典中作者找到了面对逆境时的坚毅和韧性。
题型三
语篇层次题
2022·新课标Ⅰ卷(节选)
My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the years. Some of our 　41　 memories are from the times we’ve gone camping in the rain. One rainy day, we sat together inside the tent, and my husband, Joe, 　42　 read us a story. The rain kept 　43　 against the tent. We all snuggled (依偎) close and listened. I could have sat there forever, 　44　 the warmth of being together and the sound of the rain.
...
This past year, Joe was 　52　 for a new job and was looking for a place to live. We decided to go camping to escape the 　53　 of job hunting. One night, we camped near a lake. The sky was clear, and the stars were bright. Joe and the kids 　54　 constellations (星座) while I sat by the fire, thinking about how lucky I was. Life doesn’t always give us 　55　 we want, but it gives us moments to cherish.
41.A.clearest B.funniest C.saddest D.strangest
...
53.A.excitement　 B.stress C.joy D.boredom
...
55.A.what　 B.which C.when D.where
【技法运用】
41.语篇层次题(需结合全文情感基调)
选项中 A(最清晰的)、B(最有趣的)均可能填入,但结合后文 “我愿永远坐在那里” 的深情,“clearest(最清晰的)” 更能体现 “珍贵回忆的深刻印象”,且符合全文 “珍视露营时光” 的主旨;B(funniest)侧重 “搞笑”,与后文 “warmth(温暖)” 的情感不符。
53. 语篇层次题(需结合前文情节和逻辑)
空格前有 “escape(逃避)”,逻辑上 “逃避的应是负面事物”;后文提到 “露营时看星星、围火思考,感到幸运”,进一步呼应 “逃避找工作的压力,享受放松时光”。选项中 B符合逻辑和主旨;A、C是正面情绪,无需 “逃避”;D与 “找工作” 的场景不符(找工作通常是 “焦虑” 而非 “无聊”)。
55. 语篇层次题(需结合全文主旨 “珍视当下”)
空格所在句 “Life doesn’t always give us 　55　 we want, but it gives us moments to cherish” 是全文升华句,逻辑上 “生活不会给我们想要的一切,但会给我们值得珍惜的时刻”,需填 “我们想要的东西”,引导宾语从句且在从句中作宾语,用 what。
答案:41.A　53.B　55.A
陷阱 1:单句通顺,语篇矛盾——仅看空格前后,忽略主旨。
陷阱 2:近距干扰,远距失焦——关注相邻句,忽略远距线索。
陷阱 3:逻辑混淆,忽略信号词——误判语篇逻辑关系。
(2025·广东深圳高三模考)
I was 68 when I first stepped on stage as a standup comedian in 2003. I’d never set foot in a comedy 　1　 before. I’ve always been a(n) 　2　—I’ve worked as a singer, actor and musician—but all that came to an end after 9/11. I live in New York, and we watched the 　3　 towers fall from my apartment building. For a year afterwards, nobody wanted to go out or be 　4　.
( )1.A.club B.society C.stage D.site
( )2.A.audience B.performer C.worker D.producer
( )3.A.modern B.beautiful C.grand D.picturesque
( )4.A.entertained B.seen C.active D.public
A　
B　
C　
A　
【解析】
1.考查名词词义辨析。后文 “9·11 后开始思考喜剧”,说明此前未接触喜剧领域,A 项 “club(俱乐部)” 对应 “喜剧表演的场所”,故选A。
2.考查名词词义辨析。后文 “曾是歌手、演员、音乐家”,这些职业都属于表演者,B 项 “performer(表演者)” 概括职业属性,故选B。
3.考查形容词词义辨析。结合 9·11 事件常识,世贸大厦是宏伟建筑,C 项 “grand(宏伟的)” 符合 “塔楼的规模与地位”,故选C。
4.考查动词和形容词词义辨析。前文提到 “表演事业在 9·11 后结束”,说明人们回避娱乐活动,A 项 “entertained(娱乐)” 对应 “表演行业的核心功能”,故选A。
It was then that I started to think about comedy. I realised people needed to laugh, to enjoy themselves again, and thought that with a little 　5　 I could do it. I took a few classes, tried to work out a routine, and finally 　6　 the courage to get up on stage. That first time was terrifying. I had no idea what the audience would 　7　 of me.
( )5.A.exercise B.practice C.training D.meditation
( )6.A.held on B.got together C.took up D.plucked up
( )7.A.make B.react C.criticize D.applaud
C　
D　
A　
5.考查名词词义辨析。后文说“上了几节课、摸索套路”,说明作者认为需要学习,C 项 “training(训练)” 对应 “上课学习” 的过程,故选C。
6.考查动词短语辨析。后文提到“第一次上台很可怕”,说明作者需要勇气,D 项 “plucked up(鼓起勇气)” 符合 “克服恐惧上台” 的语境,故选D。
7.考查动词词义辨析。作者初涉喜剧,担心观众看法,A 项 “make(看待)” 搭配 “make of”,体现 “担忧观众对自己的评价”,故选A。
In New York, comedians are 　8　 young men with beards. It’s hard enough to 　9　 through as a woman, even harder as someone old enough to be their grandmother. As I stepped on stage that first time, people laughed nervously. They were clearly 　10　 to see me. I introduced myself, stated my age and tried my first joke. There was 　11　. But by the time I got to the third line, people were properly laughing. I was 　12　.
( )8.A.exclusively B.typically C.rarely D.occasionally
( )9.A.fight B.rise C.stand D.break
( )10.A.amused B.expected C.surprised D.indifferent
( )11.A.silence B.hesitation C.disbelief D.applause
( )12.A.bored B.addicted C.disinterested D.unexpected
B　
D　
C
A　
B　
8.考查副词词义辨析。后文 “作为女性难突破,老年女性更难”,说明喜剧演员通常是年轻男性,B 项 “typically(通常)” 体现 “普遍情况”,故选B。
9.考查动词词义辨析。前文 “喜剧演员多为年轻男性”,作者是老年女性,与常规情况不同,D 项 “break(打破)” 搭配 “break through”,体现 “突破常规、获得机会”,故选D。
10.考查形容词词义辨析。作者与 “年轻男性喜剧演员” 的常规形象不符,上台会让观众感到意外,C 项 “surprised(惊讶的)” 符合 “打破预期引发的反应”,故选C。
11.考查名词词义辨析。后文 “讲到第三句人们开始笑”,用 “but” 转折,说明之前没声音,A 项 “silence(沉默)” 与 “笑” 形成对比,故选A。
12.考查形容词词义辨析。前文提到“观众开始笑”,作者获得认可,产生持续表演的欲望,B 项 “addicted(上瘾的)” 体现 “对喜剧表演的热爱”,故选B。
Now my sets differ. I might be on stage for 10 minutes in front of a dozen people, or my one-woman show is a full hour in front of a crowd of 100.
After a show, people young and old come up to me, saying what a(n) 　13　 I am. They say they want to be as active as me when they 　14　 my age. I’m pleased I can show that as an older person you don’t need to take a 　15　 seat in life.
( )13.A.reminder B.motivation C.challenge D.inspiration
( )14.A.reach B.arrive C.approach D.surpass
( )15.A.dominant B.leading C.back D.passive
D　
A　
C
13.考查名词词义辨析。后文说“观众想和作者一样活跃”,说明作者的行为鼓舞了他们,D 项 “inspiration(鼓舞人心的人)” 符合 “激励他人” 的形象,故选D。
14.考查动词词义辨析。观众希望 “到作者的年龄时仍活跃”,A 项 “reach(到达)” 直接搭配 “年龄”,体现 “达到某个年纪”,故选A。
15.考查形容词词义辨析。作者老年仍活跃在舞台,未放弃,C 项 “back(后面的)” 搭配 “take a back seat”,体现 “不退居次要位置”,故选C。
【语篇概述】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者作为一名喜剧演员,在老年时期重新开始了表演生涯的经历,尽管面对年龄和性别上的挑战,但她通过勇气和决心克服了困难,并赢得了观众的喜爱和尊重。
在完形填空的解题中,长难句往往是突破难点、精准定位答案的关键——这类句子常通过复杂结构(如从句嵌套、非谓语、插入语等)隐藏上下文逻辑或核心信息,直接影响对空格前后语义关系的判断。针对完形填空中长难句,可以采用 “四步拆解+逻辑聚焦” 应对策略。
例1　
She started the Ladybug Foundation, an organization aiming at getting rid of homelessness, which has helped hundreds of people return to their normal lives, and she has also become a speaker, telling her story to inspire others to make a difference.
【技法运用】
主句:She started the Ladybug Foundation
插入语(解释基金会):an organization aiming at getting rid of homelessness
定语从句(修饰 organization):which has helped hundreds of people return to their normal lives
并列分句(and 连接):she has also become a speaker
非谓语(补充 speaker 的动作):telling her story to inspire others to make a difference
拆分后效果:原本复杂的长句,拆成 5 个小意群,每个部分语义清晰,可快速定位 “organization”“speaker” 等与空格相关的核心名词。
例2　
I’ve always been a(n) 　42　—I’ve worked as a singer, actor and musician—but all that came to an end after 9/11. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
A.audience B.performer C.worker D.producer
【技法运用】
先抓主句主干:I’ve been a(n) 　42　, but all that came to an end.
跳过插入语(破折号之间的补充说明:I’ve worked as a singer...),先明确空格需填 “我的身份”;
再结合插入语 “歌手、演员、音乐家”,可知这些都是 “表演者”,因此 42 题答案为 performer。
关键:若先被插入语干扰,可能误判空格与 “工作” 相关,但抓主句主干后,再结合修饰信息,答案更精准。