专题二 阅读七选五-2026年高考英语总复习课件

(共202张PPT)
专题二 阅读七选五
试卷 类别 试卷 年份 语篇 类型 主题 设空位置 主题语境 主题内容 标题 段首 段中 段尾
新课标Ⅰ卷 2025 记叙文 人与社会 热爱事业的咖啡馆员工 4 1
2024 说明文 人与自我 纸质词典的独特价值 1 4
2023 说明文 人与自我 自我宽恕 4 1
近三年新课标全国卷全方位分析表
试卷 类别 试卷 年份 语篇 类型 主题 设空位置 主题语境 主题内容 标题 段首 段中 段尾
新课标Ⅱ卷 2025 说明文 人与社会 家庭参与志愿活动的意外益处 1 3 1
2024 说明文 人与社会 过度旅游现象 1 3 1
2023 说明文 人与自我 开始艺术之旅的好建议 1 3 1
七选五阅读题主要考查考生对文章整体内容、结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。从上表可以看出,新课标全国卷英语七选五阅读题有以下特点:
语篇选材:以说明文为主,偶尔会考查记叙文,文章结构清晰; 主要围绕“人与社会”“人与自我”两大主题语境,广泛贴近学生生活与学习,涵盖时间管理、网络学习、健康生活等方面。
设空位置:比较灵活,段首、段中和段尾都有可能,以段中设题为主,偶尔也会出现在段落小标题设题的情况。
选项类型:①“主旨概括句”考查考生对段落或文章整体的把握能力,通常为段首句或段尾句,要求能够准确概括段落或文章的主旨。②“过渡性句子”注重逻辑连贯,用于连接上下文,使文章的论述更加流畅,可能出现在段中或段尾。③“细节支撑句”与上下文具体内容相关,用于补充说明段落中的细节信息,多为段中句。
七选五题型的核心考查目标是“语篇逻辑衔接”与“语义匹配能力”,解题需避免单纯依赖 “词汇复现”的浅层思路,而是通过“定位线索→验证逻辑→排除干扰”的三步法精准破题。以下结合近几年高考真题的特点,拆解通用解题“三步法”。
类型一
维度一　辨明设空位置
设空在段首
在英语高考阅读七选五题型中,段首设空的核心考查目标是“段落主旨概括”或“上下文逻辑衔接”——要么需要选出能总领全段的主题句,要么需要选出能承接上段、引出本段内容的过渡句。这类题目看似需要“概括能力”,实则可通过“逻辑信号+内容匹配”快速突破。
抓段落“重复词 / 核心词”,匹配选项关键词
段落展开时,会围绕1~2个“核心词/短语”反复论述,标题句必然包含该核心词,干扰项往往缺少这一关键信息。
A.Get out of your comfort zone.
B.Learn from other artists.
C.Don’t be afraid to ask for feedback.
D.Keep an open mind.
E. Surround yourself with positive people.
F. Push through the difficulties.
G. You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition.
2023·新课标Ⅱ卷
阅读七选五(节选)
　39　. Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈) is crucial to growth. I post my work on social media and, in turn, have met some of the kindest people. They make me feel valued and respected, no matter my level of artistic ability.
【技法运用】
后文“Seeking and accepting constructive feedback (反馈) is crucial to growth.” 中 “feedback” 是核心名词,强调寻求和接受反馈对成长的重要性。选项C“Don’t be afraid to ask for feedback.”(不要害怕寻求反馈)中“feedback” 与段落中的核心名词一致,且能概括段落内容,所以选C。
　　陷阱1:表面重复≠核心关联——偷换概念/局部匹配。
陷阱2:核心词一致,但指代对象错位——偷换主体/范围。
陷阱3:关键词匹配,但逻辑关系矛盾——强加逻辑/反向干扰。
(2024·江苏省四校高三联考)
A.The experience fosters both relaxation and togetherness.
B.They are vital to protecting plant diversity and ecosystems.
C.Botanical gardens are much more than collections of plants.
D.Nature reserves provide valuable insights for curious visitors.
E.Visitors can participate in seasonal events and themed exhibitions.
F.Many gardens offer specially designed areas that cater to young visitors.
G.Apart from being informative, they are committed to an educational mission.
A visit to a botanical garden may seem like just another outdoor activity, but it offers unique experiences that go beyond a simple stroll among plants. 　1　 They are sanctuaries (庇护所) where people can escape the hustle and bustle of daily life and find peace amidst nature’s beauty. Visitors can unwind, explore the serene environment, and leave feeling refreshed.
C　
1.上文说 “植物园体验不止散步”,下文讲 “植物园是逃离喧嚣的庇护所”。C 项 “植物园不止是植物聚集地” 概括其整体价值,承上启下,符合逻辑,故选C。
Beyond providing a place for relaxation, botanical gardens serve as educational hubs. They introduce visitors to a wide range of plant species from around the world, each labeled with information about its origin, ecological role, and significance. 　2　 By attending workshops, guided tours, and special exhibitions, visitors can deepen their understanding of plant biology, conservation, and sustainable practices.
G　
2.上文提到 “植物园是教育中心,提供植物信息”。G 项 “除了提供信息,还致力于教育使命” 中 “educational mission” 呼应 “educational hubs”,承接教育功能,故选G。
　3　 For children, these gardens are like living classrooms where they can interact with nature through hands-on activities and interactive exhibits. Dedicated kids’ zones often feature storytelling sessions, games, and educational displays that make learning about plants fun and memorable. These experiences nurture a child’s curiosity and foster a lifelong appreciation for the environment.
F　
3.下文围绕 “植物园为儿童设互动区域” 展开。F 项 “许多花园有专为年轻游客设计的区域” 中 “young visitors” 呼应 “children”,引出下文,故选F。
In addition, botanical gardens play a crucial role in conservation efforts. 　4　 They collaborate with research institutions to protect endangered species, maintain seed banks, and restore threatened habitats. Supporting botanical gardens not only helps preserve plant diversity but also strengthens global conservation initiatives.
B　
4.上文说 “植物园在保护工作中很重要”,下文讲具体保护做法。B 项 “对保护植物多样性和生态系统至关重要” 承上启下,衔接 “保护作用” 与 “具体行动”,故选B。
Finally, visiting a botanical garden can be a meaningful way to connect with loved ones. Whether enjoying a peaceful walk through the gardens or capturing photos of vibrant blooms, these shared moments help create lasting memories and deepen bonds, all while cultivating a renewed sense of wonder for the natural world. 　5　
A
5.上文提及 “植物园散步、拍照等体验创造回忆、加深联系”。A 项 “体验培养放松感和亲密感” 中 “relaxation” 对应 “悠闲散步”,“togetherness” 对应 “加深联系”,承接上文,故选A。
【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了植物园不仅是休闲之所,还是教育中心、儿童乐园及生态保护的重要场所,促进人与自然的连接。
通过“逻辑信号词” 判断段落功能,锁定标题句
段首标题句常隐含段落的“功能逻辑”(如“提出建议”“解释原因”“对比差异”),可通过段落内的逻辑词反推标题的功能,再匹配选项。具体可参见下表。
段落内逻辑词 段落功能 标题句常见特征(选项关键词)
for example, such as, like 举例说明 包含“方法/策略/观点”(如way, method, tip)
first, second, finally, then 步骤/流程 包含“步骤/顺序”(如step, process, how)
however, but, instead 转折/对比 包含“不同点/相反观点”(如different, instead, but)
because, the reason is, so 因果分析 包含“原因/结果”(如reason, cause, result)
A. Start with small, achievable goals.
B. Therefore, it’s crucial to create a relaxing atmosphere.
C. This makes reading a pleasure rather than a task.
D. Similarly, finding a reading partner can boost your motivation.
E. In other words, digital devices can be a major distraction.
F. Moreover, try to connect reading with a daily activity you enjoy.
G. This way, you can read whenever you have a spare moment.
　　 　　　　. Don’t set an overly ambitious goal from the start, such as “I must read for an hour every day.” This often leads to pressure and failure. Instead, start with just 15—20 minutes a day. Once this becomes a comfortable routine, you can gradually extend the time.
【技法运用】
设空处位于段首,应是该段落的小标题。后文明确出现 “Instead”(相反、取而代之),这是典型的对比逻辑信号词,提示前后内容存在 “否定前者、肯定后者” 的关系。
选项 A直接呼应后文 “Instead” 引导的核心建议(15~20 分钟起步),且 “small, achievable” 与 “overly ambitious” 形成精准对比,完全覆盖段落主旨,是典型的标题句。故选A。
陷阱 1:只看“局部信号词”,忽略“段落核心话题”:看到某个信号词就直接匹配选项,不关注段落整体话题是否一致。
陷阱 2:混淆“同源信号词”的“功能差异”:同一类逻辑的信号词,因语境不同功能可能不同(如“Finally” 既可能表“总结”,也可能表“并列中的最后一点”),考生易混淆。
陷阱 3:误将“过渡信号词” 当“总起 / 总结信号词”过渡信号词:如“However”“Moreover”仅起 “衔接上下文” 作用,不承担 “总起或总结” 功能,考生易误将其对应的选项当作标题。
陷阱 4:忽略 “信号词的语境逻辑”,强行匹配:信号词的逻辑需结合 “上下文语义”,考生若脱离语境,仅从字面匹配,易出错。
(2024·山东省百校高三联考)
A.Every item is a signal for your memory.
B.Collecting requires attaining knowledge.
C.they typically center around developing a more positive sense of self.
D.Of course, collecting is not a new phenomenon.
E.It also functions as a way that actually doesn’t cost much.
F.It can cultivate both a sense of belonging and individuality.
G.Collecting can stimulate people to concentrate on their mind.
According to neuroscientist Shirley Mueller, collecting feeds the pleasure center of the brain, but without the drawbacks of alcohol, gambling, or nicotine.
　1　 More than 100,000 years ago, our ancestors searched for crystals, shells, and other objects just as seeking for food. In modern times, while some people collect as a statement of who they are, others collect as an investment or a source of pleasure.
D　
1.下文讲 “10 万年前祖先就有收集行为”。D 项 “收集不是新现象” 引出 “收集行为的历史”,衔接上文 “收集对大脑有益”,符合逻辑,故选D。
“While the motivations to collect are varied,　2　” says Brandon Schmeichel, a comic book collector and a psychology professor. That distinguishes collecting from storing up. In terms of it, stuff is obtained indiscriminately (不加区分地). Instead of creating a sense of self-worth, the behavior typically makes those who are accustomed to it feel bad about themselves.
C　
2.上文说 “收集动机多样”。C 项 “但通常围绕培养积极自我意识” 用 “they” 指代 “motivations”,构成转折,点明动机的共同点,承接上文,故选C。
“　3　 You have to figure out where you can find the desired items, what they’re worth, and how you will organize and display your collections,” Mueller says. “Those activities stimulate areas of the brain involved in executive functioning, skills that include working memory, multitasking, and impulse-control.”
B　
3.下文讲 “收集需明确物品来源、价值及展示方式”。B 项 “收集需要获取知识” 引出收集所需技能,呼应下文内容,故选B。
On a physiological level, research shows that tangible objects have unique effects on brain functions. Visualizing objects stimulates many areas of the brain at the same time. Each object is associated with a person, experience, or moment in time. In that way, collections act as a physical time machine. 　4　 “This sort of collecting facilitates one’s recall about the past,” Schmeichel says.
A　
4.上文说 “收集像物理时光机”,下文讲 “收集帮助回忆过去”。A 项 “每件物品都是记忆信号” 既呼应 “时光机”,又衔接 “回忆过去”,符合逻辑,故选A。
Collecting also seems to hit fundamental psychological needs. “Collectors often report that the friendship of other collectors is one of the most rewarding aspects of collecting,” Schmeichel reports in Leisure Sciences. Interacting with sellers, other collectors, or even admirers of your collection can also serve as a foundation for relationship-building. 　5　
F
5.上文提 “收集满足基本心理需求,助力建立关系”。F 项 “能培养归属感和个性” 中 “It” 指代 “收集行为”,补充其心理价值,承接上文,故选F。
【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了收集物品这一行为对人类大脑和心理的积极作用。
需衔接“上段结尾话题”,选“过渡衔接句”
核心逻辑:若段首空无“总领空后”的特征(空后不是举例 / 分点),则需回头看上段最后1~2句,找出核心话题——选项必须包含上段话题的“原词复现”或“同义替换”,同时自然引出本段新内容,形成“上段结尾→空处→本段”的逻辑闭环。
2021·新课标Ⅰ卷
阅读七选五(节选)
A.Not all the customers are tourists.
B.The quality of life in France is equally excellent.
C.There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed.
D.The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.
E.That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.
F.Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.
G.The food is so delicious that you don’t need to eat much to feel satisfied.
Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight. 　38　. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy. French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs.
　39　. On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries. I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon. My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18!
【技法运用】
第39题设空在段首。根据后文“On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries. I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon.”“But they cost $18!” 可知,此段讲述了在法国购买食物的价格昂贵,结合上一段提到法国人吃得少且食物美味,可推测该段是在说这不是法国人吃得比我们少的唯一理由。选项E“That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do.”符合语境,所以第39题选 E。
陷阱 1:仅“词汇重复”,无“逻辑承接”。
陷阱 2:过度“延伸上段话题”,偏离“下段核心”。
陷阱3:“逻辑信号词”匹配,但“语义矛盾”。
陷阱4:“泛泛而谈”,未聚焦“上段具体话题”。
(2025·浙江温州一模)
A.Miss a train by a minute
B.Punctuality is timeless art.
C.But is punctuality essential
D.In this context, punctuality is flexible.
E.You could set your clock by their daily routines.
F.There, being late is not only accepted but expected.
G.Are you enjoying the journey or constantly watching the clock
Ah, punctuality — the art of being precisely on time. It’s a concept so deeply rooted in some cultures that even being a minute late can cause a small-scale panic attack.　1　 Let’s examine whether punctuality is the defining feature of a superior society or merely another subjective construct.
C　
1.上文“It’s a concept so deeply rooted in some cultures that even being a minute late can cause a small-scale panic attack.”强调了守时在部分文化中的重要性。空处需要承接前文,引发下文对“守时是否是优越社会的标志或主观建构”的探讨,与前文为转折设问关系,起到承上启下的作用。C项“但守时真的必不可少吗 ”中的But体现转折,“is punctuality essential”直接呼应下文的核心探讨,符合语境。故选C。
Each part of the world has a unique relationship with time, enriching the fabric of global culture. In Japan, for example, you’re always expected to arrive on time, and preferably a few minutes early.
　2　 Tough luck, but the next one will be there precisely on the dot. In contrast, the Philippines has a more relaxed approach to time. If someone says 3 o’clock, arriving around 3:30 is common and expected. This isn’t laziness, but a cultural preference for living in the moment.
A　
2.上文“In Japan, for example, you’re always expected to arrive on time, and preferably a few minutes early.”说明了日本对守时的严格要求。空后“Tough luck, but the next one will be there precisely on the dot.”提到了“下一班列车”,可推断空处与“错过列车”相关。A项“迟到一分钟错过列车 ”以设问形式衔接前文的守时要求,引出后文关于列车准点的内容,空处与前文为顺接假设关系,符合逻辑。故选A。
But does being punctual make a culture more advanced The Swiss are celebrated for their precision and punctuality, often cited as a perfect example of efficiency. Their trains run on time, their watches are the gold standard. 　3　 And Switzerland is often ranked as one of the most developed and happiest countries in the world, but let’s wait a bit to conclude.
E　
3.上文“The Swiss are celebrated for their precision and punctuality, often cited as a perfect example of efficiency. Their trains run on time, their watches are the gold standard.”详细描述了瑞士人的守时和精准。空处需要进一步补充瑞士人守时的表现,与前文为顺接补充关系。E项“你可以根据他们的日常作息来校准时钟。”形象地体现了瑞士人作息的规律性和守时性,是对前文“精准和守时”的进一步说明,符合语境。故选E。
Consider the case of Brazil, where “Brazilian time” is a well-known concept. 　4　 If you attend a party at the specified time, you’ll likely find the host still in their bathrobe. Many Brazilians have a laid-back approach to life. They don’t sweat the small stuff like running five minutes late because they’re busy enjoying life. Many live by the motto, “Tudo bem”, which means “It’s all good”. Honestly, they seem to be onto something.
F　
4.上文“Consider the case of Brazil, where ‘Brazilian time’ is a well-known concept.”引出巴西的时间观念。空后“If you attend a party at the specified time, you’ll likely find the host still in their bathrobe.”说明巴西人对迟到的包容。F项“在那里,迟到不仅被接受,甚至是意料之中的事。”中的“There”指代巴西,“not only accepted but expected.”准确概括了巴西对迟到的态度,空处与前文为顺接解释关系,衔接后文的具体例子,符合逻辑。故选F。
So, is punctuality essential It depends on what cultures you are in. Whether you’re a stickler for punctuality or more laid-back, what truly matters is how you spend your time. 　5　 Let’s try to find that middle ground where we can respect others’ time while embracing the joy of living in the moment. Ultimately, time is just a construct, and life is too short to stress about being late.
G
5.上文“Whether you’re a stickler for punctuality or more laid-back, what truly matters is how you spend your time.”强调“如何度过时间”比“是否守时”更重要。空处需要进一步探讨“如何度过时间”的具体内涵,与前文为顺接设问关系,引发读者思考。G项“你是在享受过程,还是一直在盯着时钟 ”以设问形式呼应前文的“如何度过时间”,区分了“享受生活”与“纠结时间”两种态度,为下文“寻找中间立场”做铺垫,符合语境。故选G。
【语篇概述】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了守时这一习惯是否为衡量一个社会优越性的标准,指出不同文化对守时的看法不同,重要的是如何利用时间。
警惕“局部细节干扰项”,确保选项“概括性”
命题者常设计“仅覆盖段落1个细节,而非全段主旨” 的干扰项,这类选项看似与段落相关,但无法总领全段,需注意区分“细节”与“主旨”。
2022·新课标Ⅱ卷
阅读七选五(节选)
A.Make sure your handwriting is neat.
B.Let your pen follow the waves of thought.
C.The second draft of the essay should be better.
D.First of all, learn the technique of non-stop writing.
E.Too many writers try to get their drafts right the first time.
F.Many beginning writers don’t leave enough space to revise.
G.Then you can print out a fresh draft, again setting your text on triple-space.
　36　 When you are first trying to think of ideas for an essay, put your pen to your paper and write non-stop for ten or fifteen minutes without letting your pen leave the paper. Stay loose and free.
【技法运用】
第36题设空在段首。后文主要介绍了在写文章时,一开始要不停地写,不要担心语法和拼写,这种方法能帮助人们获得很多写作思路。选项D“First of all, learn the technique of non-stop writing.”(首先,学习不停写作的技巧)能够概括该段的主要内容,其中 “non-stop writing” 与后文的 “write non-stop” 相呼应。干扰项A选项 “确保你的字迹整洁”,这只是写作过程中的一个小细节,不能概括整段内容;B 选项“让你的笔跟随思想的波浪”,这是对 “不停写作” 这一技巧的进一步说明,属于局部细节,不能作为段首的概括性语句。所以通过警惕 “局部细节干扰项”,可以确定正确答案为D。
陷阱 1:仅截取“段落单一细节”,无法覆盖“整体话题”。
陷阱 2:聚焦“段落次要话题”,偏离 “核心逻辑重心”。
陷阱 3:“概括范围过大”,超出“段落限定话题”。
陷阱 4:“包含细节+无关信息”,混淆 “核心与冗余”。
(2024·山东省齐鲁名校大联盟高三联考)
A.Paper books, on the contrary, keep readers focused.
B.Unfortunately, the same cannot be said for digital books.
C.This difference of more than a year and a half is significant.
D.Digital reading, on the other hand, is far better than not reading at all.
E.Consider adding books to your physical library, rather than digital ones.
F.The new one further confirms the long-term benefits for physical book readers.
G.Moreover, people with more books at home are typically higher academic achievers.
A recent study suggests that reading paper books does make you smarter.While all reading benefits the brain,particularly at a young age,physical books offer the most advantages.Students who read paper books scored approximately 2.5 years ahead of those who didn’t read,whereas digital readers scored just under a year ahead. 　1　
C　
1.空前指出阅读纸质书的学生比不阅读的学生成绩领先约 2.5 年,而阅读电子书的学生仅领先不到 1 年,C 项 “这一年半多的差距是很显著的。” 承接上文对两者成绩差距的描述。
A previous study has consistently shown that reading comprehension is better with paper books compared to digital reading. 　2　 Even in areas where digital reading is more common,students who read paper books demonstrate a better understanding of the material.
F　
2.空前指出之前的研究表明纸质书阅读理解效果更好,F 项 “这项新的研究进一步证实了纸质书读者的长期益处。” 与前文呼应,说明新研究的作用。
One reason for this is that reading on paper comes with fewer distractions(干扰).Digital platforms often distract readers with games or videos. 　3　 Additionally,the absence of blue light in physical books prevents potential harm to readers’ eyes and aids in better sleep.The brain activity involved in reading a paper book helps the mind wind down,avoiding blue light that can interrupt the circadian rhythm (生物钟).
A　
3.空前指出数字平台常分散读者注意力,A 项 “相反,纸质书能让读者保持专注。” 与前文形成对比,说明纸质书在减少干扰方面的优势。
　4　 Children surrounded by books are encouraged to read and discuss what they learn,developing a habit of engaged learning and achieving greater success.While digital books have made reading more accessible to disadvantaged students,they do not replace the unique benefits of physical books.However,since physical copies can be more expensive and harder to find,digital reading remains a valuable alternative.
G　
4.空后指出被书籍包围的孩子会养成积极学习的习惯并取得更大成功,G 项 “此外,家里藏书更多的人通常在学业上取得更高的成就。” 能引出后文关于书籍对孩子学习影响的内容。
It’s true that paper books have clear advantages. 　5　 So,regardless of how you choose to read,know that any book is better than none.
D
5.空前指出纸质书有明显优势,空后指出无论选择何种阅读方式,读总比不读好,D 项 “另一方面,数字阅读总比不阅读要好得多。” 既承接前文纸质书优势的话题,又呼应后文阅读方式的选择及阅读本身的重要性。
【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了阅读纸质书相对于数字阅读的优势,包括在阅读理解、专注力、对眼睛的保护以及睡眠质量的改善等方面的益处。
类型二
设空在段中
在英语高考七选五题型中,段中设空细节题是高频考点,核心考查“上下文逻辑衔接” 和“细节信息匹配”——空格前后通常会有明确的线索词(如代词、关联词、原词复现 / 同义替换),或存在并列、因果、转折、举例、指代关系等逻辑关系。解题的关键是“精准定位线索”,让选项与前后文形成“细节闭环”。
通过并列关系线索词来判断
2023·新课标Ⅱ卷
阅读七选五(节选)
A.All plants are different
B.Not only do they look beautiful
C.There are many benefits to growing plants indoors
Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home. 　36　, but studies have shown that they can promote people’s well-being by improving their mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their memory. What’s more, indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive.
【技法运用】
根据下文“but studies have shown that they can promote people’s well-being by improving their mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their memory (而且研究表明,它们可以通过改善心情、减轻压力和帮助增加记忆力来促进人们的健康)” 可知,此处与下文是并列关系,构成 “not only...but...” 结构。选项 B“Not only do they look beautiful (它们不仅看起来很美丽)” 能够连接下文,符合语境。答案为B。
陷阱1:仅含“并列信号词”,但语义与上下文无关。
陷阱2:“局部话题重叠”,但未形成 “同类并列”。
陷阱3:并列结构“形式一致,逻辑反向”。
陷阱4:忽略“并列层级”,混淆“总—分”与“分—分”。
(2024·江西省部分名校高三联考)
A.Test the water’s PH level each week using a kit.
B.Use slow movements to get your fish to notice you.
C.When the fish pushes it, give the fish a piece of food.
D.Train your fish to follow a target if it’s just getting to know you.
E.Stimulate your fish’s brain with toys like floating rocks and caves.
F.If your fish is hungry, it’ll try to reach the piece of food by leaping out.
G.Play soft music near the tank to comfort your fish and make them active.
Enjoying your pet fish all starts with giving it a proper home. Set up a fish tank with important accessories like a water filter and plants. Treat the water and keep it clean so the fish stays healthy and happy. 　1　 You can even train your fish to do tricks like swim through a hoop or jump out of the water with a little practice. Here are some ways to interact with your fish.
E　
1.上文讲设置带过滤器、植物的鱼缸并保持水质,E 项 “用漂浮石、洞穴等玩具刺激鱼的大脑”,进一步补充丰富鱼缸环境的方法,承接上文,故选E。
Spend time watching your fish to help you relax. Looking at fish has proven to help calm down the mind, having positive impacts on your mental well-being. Take some time to enjoy watching your fish swim around in its tank to help you reduce stress.
　2　 Use your finger as the target, or use a small stick with a brightly colored end that will catch the fish’s attention. Give the fish a piece of food each time it comes to where the target is, moving the target around slowly once the fish gets good at following.
D　
2.下文介绍用手指或彩棍作目标吸引鱼,D 项 “鱼刚认识你时训练它跟随目标”,直接引出下文的训练方法,衔接紧密,故选D。
Teach your fish to jump out of the water for a cool trick. Fish such as bettas and goldfish can often do this trick. Wet your finger or a pointer stick and attach a piece of fish food to it, holding it just over the surface of the water. 　3　 Once your fish is able to grab the piece of food, keep raising your finger or stick higher above the water to make it more challenging.
F　
3.上文讲把带鱼食的工具放在水面,F 项 “鱼饿时会跳起来够食物”,说明训练鱼跳跃的关键条件,承接上文步骤,故选F。
Encourage your fish to push a ball for a cute talent. Place a small floating ball, roughly the size of the fish’s head, in the fish tank. 　4　 Continue rewarding the fish with food whenever it touches the ball. Eventually, your fish will start nudging the ball harder to get a treat.
C
4.下文说鱼碰球就奖励食物,C 项 “鱼推球时给食物”,明确奖励时机,与下文 “碰到球” 呼应,故选C。
Avoid tapping on the glass to get your fish’s attention. This scares the fish and can bother their hearing abilities due to the sound. 　5　 Your fish will feel secure if you try to be as gentle as possible.
　B
5.上文提醒别敲玻璃吸引鱼,B 项 “用缓慢动作让鱼注意你”,给出正确方法,与 “get your fish’s attention” 呼应,形成对比,故选B。
【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何为宠物鱼打造一个舒适的家,并通过一些方法与宠物鱼进行互动。
通过因果关系线索词来判断
2024·新课标Ⅰ卷
阅读七选五(节选)
A.I don’t often use this dictionary.
B.It takes no account of the context.
C.The right dictionary can help you improve your writing.
D.But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.
E.Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling.
F.That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.
G.I find it easy to get the meaning of a word through the context.
I keep two reference books close-by on my desk:dictionary and thesaurus (分类词典). I don’t trust my laptop’s spellchecker. 　37　 Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but I’m old-fashioned enough to prefer a hardcover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers.
【技法运用】
空处前一句 “I don’t trust my laptop’s spellchecker.” 提到了作者不相信笔记本电脑的拼写检查器。空处后一句 “Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but I’m old-fashioned enough to prefer a hardcover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers.” 提到了作者更喜欢实体书和能用手指翻阅的书页。B 选项 “It takes no account of the context.”(它不考虑上下文)解释了上文作者不相信笔记本电脑拼写检查器的原因,其中 It 指代前一句的 my laptop’s spellchecker,符合因果关系的逻辑。答案为 B。
陷阱 1:因果颠倒——逻辑方向完全相反。
陷阱2:无关因果——因果关联与主题无关。
陷阱 3:单一因果 vs 多重因果——忽略上下文的因果完整性。
陷阱 4:显性因果词误导——仅靠信号词匹配,忽略逻辑内核。
(2025·安徽合肥模考)
A.Don’t get discouraged from finding a job.
B.Everybody needs a job to make a living.
C.Choose a healthy lifestyle that is suitable for you.
D.These are great opportunities to ask questions.
E.Take some time to reflect on the lifestyle that genuinely matters most to you.
F.Everyone deserves to have a job that they truly enjoy and look forward to each day.
G.On the whole, the activities we love are the ones in which we excel and have expertise.
Are you feeling perplexed and uncertain about why you can’t seem to find the right job for yourself It’s becoming increasingly common for people to settle into positions they do not enjoy or feel passionate about. However, it’s important to remember that you don’t have to settle for a job you dislike, no matter what qualifications you possess. 　1　 Here are several tips to help you get a job that you want.
F　
1.上文指出现代人常做不喜欢的工作,且不必妥协,下文引出行文技巧,F 项 “每人都该有热爱的工作”,衔接 “不妥协” 与 “找心仪工作” 的逻辑,故选F。
Think about what you are good at. 　2　 Research the fields and options that best deal with those interests so you can spend your time at work doing things that you enjoy. To begin with, you can start off by simply researching job titles online or you can search for key words of things you enjoy to find jobs that integrate those things.
G　
2.主题句讲 “想自己擅长的事”,下文说研究兴趣领域,G 项 “热爱的事是擅长的事”,用 “excel” 呼应 “are good at”,承接主题,故选G。
Talk to people who work in a variety of jobs. This will give you a better sense of what certain jobs involve. Many communities offer job fairs that can be found on your local city website. 　3　 You can ask friends or family members about their experiences too.
D　
3.上文提社区招聘会,下文说问亲友,D 项 “这些是提问的好机会”,用 “These” 指代招聘会,衔接不同咨询途径,故选D。
　4　 If you see yourself having a more luxurious lifestyle, or one filled with travel, you may want to seek out a higher paying job. Look at the salary and wage averages for the jobs you are considering to decide if they will provide you with the type of lifestyle you are looking for.
E　
4.下文讲根据理想生活方式选工作,E 项 “反思重要的生活方式”,直接概括本段核心,适合做主题句,故选E。
Stay focused. 　5　 Seek out support from others in your hunt. They can either offer you practical advice or just listen when you need someone to listen. Remember that finding a job takes time and the best thing you can do is stay patient and devoted.
　A
5.主题句讲 “保持专注”,下文说求职需耐心,A 项 “别因找工作气馁”,强调积极心态,契合 “专注耐心” 的建议,故选A。
【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了可以帮助你找到你想要的工作的技巧。
通过指代关系线索词来判断
A.This can provide a sense of control and lessen the intensity of negative feelings.
B. Another benefit is that it enhances your goal-setting and problem-solving abilities.
C. Some people prefer to use digital apps for this purpose.
D. This makes it an effective technique for retaining information.
E. In other words, it helps you understand your own journey.
F. Such a habit is especially popular among creative professionals.
G. As a result, many educators recommend it to their students.
　Many people think of keeping a journal as simply recording daily events. However, the benefits of this practice go far beyond mere documentation. Regular writing can significantly improve your mental and emotional well-being.
One major advantage is stress reduction. When you write about stressful experiences, you are forced to organize your thoughts and confront your feelings. 　　　　. It provides a safe, private space to process emotions without judgment.
【技法运用】
空格后的句子“It provides...”已经是一个完整的意群。因此,空格处需要填入一个句子,来承接上文的“组织思绪、直面感受”,并阐述这样做带来的直接结果。空格处很可能包含一个能指代上文整个概念的词,如 This 或 That。选项A“This can provide a sense of control and lessen the intensity of negative feelings. (这能提供一种掌控感,并减轻负面情绪的强度。)”这里的 This 完美地指代了上文的整个概念:writing about stressful experiences 以及 organize your thoughts and confront your feelings。它准确地说明了这些行为带来的好处(掌控感、减轻负面情绪),与段落主旨“减压”完全一致。故选A。
陷阱 1:指代对象错位——指代词匹配,但指代内容与上下文无关。
陷阱 2:并列层级混乱——指代词对应 “局部细节”,而非 “并列主体”。
陷阱 3:上下文若存在 “总—分” 结构(先提总观点,再用并列细节支撑),干扰选项的指代词常错误指向 “分述中的局部细节”,而非 “总述的并列主体”,导致并列层级混乱。
陷阱 4:单复数指代冲突——指代词单复数与上文对象不匹配。
陷阱 5:跨段落指代混淆——指代词指向 “上段话题”,而非 “本段并列主体”。
A.The cafe closes at 9 pm every day.
B.She has two children aged eight and four.
C.Sometimes she arrives early to serve the students early.
D.After finishing an order, she calls out the name on the cup.
E.Not only does this cafe serve up drinks, it also serves up smiles.
F.Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class.
G.She has served here for 17 years and can’t imagine working anywhere else.
　　Need a break between classes or just a quick pick-me-up in the morning The College Cafe has just that, and more. 　1　
E　
1.上文说咖啡馆能提供休息或提神服务,还能提供 “更多”。E 项用 “Not only…also…” 点明 “咖啡馆不仅提供饮品,还传递微笑”,既承接 “饮品” 功能,又引出下文墨菲的微笑服务,契合 “更多” 的内涵。
Catherine Murphy, a cafe worker in a green shirt and black hat, makes sure that each customer gets exactly what they order. She goes back and forth between machines to make the drinks. 　2　 As the customer grabs the drink from her hand, she smiles and says, “Hello, how is your day ” Even when the line is getting longer, she doesn’t let it get in the way of her genuine conversations.
D　
2.上文讲墨菲制作饮品,下文讲顾客接饮品。D 项 “做完订单后喊杯上的名字” 补充中间环节,形成 “制作—叫号—交付” 的流程,衔接上下文。
Murphy gets up at a quarter to five and drives thirty minutes every day to get to work on time. 　3　 “I do so because I like to make coffee for the students. I know they need it in the morning,” Murphy said. Being a mother and wife has helped her become the woman she is. She believes she is here to serve.
C　
3.上文说墨菲早起赶路准时上班,下文她解释 “为学生做咖啡”。C 项 “有时早到为学生提前服务”,“she” 指代墨菲,呼应其为学生服务的初衷,衔接自然。
One thing Murphy may not know is that her smile is contagious (有感染力) and can be the difference in a student having a much better day than they were having before seeing her. Joanna Wright, a senior political science major, loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days a week. 　4　 “Catherine always has a huge smile on her face, which always puts me in a cheerful mood,” Wright said.
F　
4.上文讲学生 Joanna 常去咖啡馆,下文她赞墨菲微笑让人开心。F 项 “去咖啡馆让她开启好心情、为上课做准备”,“her” 指代 Joanna,体现咖啡馆对她的积极影响,符合语境。
“I enjoy working in the cafe,” Murphy said. 　5　 She has every intention of staying and continuing doing what she loves.
G
5.上文墨菲说喜欢在咖啡馆工作,下文说她想留下继续做喜欢的事。G 项 “她已在此工作 17 年,无法想象去别处”,“she” 指代墨菲,强化其对这份工作的热爱,衔接上下文。
【语篇概述】这是一篇说明文。文章通过描绘大学咖啡馆员工Catherine Murphy的日常工作,塑造了一位敬业、友善、充满服务精神的劳动者形象,并阐述了她的工作对学生们产生的积极情感影响。
通过举例关系线索词来判断
A.This may seem obvious, but it’s important to be consistent.
B.It’s also helpful to break up text with sub- headings.
C.The most important thing is to make your meaning clear.
D.Use simple, everyday words that your audience will understand.
　　Plain language is more than word choices, though. It also involves structuring writing to prioritize clarity. 　　　　For example, use clear headers for each section. Mention the topic early in a sentence or paragraph.
【技法运用】
设空在段中,根据空后的 “For example” 可知,空后内容是对设空处的举例说明。空后提到 “use clear headers for each section. Mention the topic early in a sentence or paragraph”(为每个部分使用清晰的标题。在句子或段落的开头提到主题),这些都是使意思清晰的具体做法,所以设空处应表达“最重要的是使你的意思清晰”,C 选项符合语境。
陷阱1:例子与论点无关——例子未支撑上下文核心观点。
陷阱2:论点与例子颠倒——把 “论点” 当 “例子”,或把 “例子” 当 “论点”。
陷阱3:例子细节不匹配——例子的对象、范围、场景与上下文矛盾。
陷阱4:过度延伸例子——例子超出上下文论点的限定范围。
(2024·河南省名校高三联考)
How to Create the Perfect Spring Planter
A.I like good, weighty planters.
B.It can still be frosty right up to May.
C.And besides, they are so easy to care for.
D.I also like to group pots together in different sizes.
E.Capitalize on those variations to help choose companions.
F.You may find some of these plants in smaller pots or even multi-packs.
G.Height is important to think about when you’re designing your arrangement.
Spring containers are an easy solution for jazzing up a colorless balcony and boring corners of any garden at this time of year. 　1　
C　
1.上文讲春季容器能美化空间,C 项 “此外,它们易照料”,补充容器另一优点,承接上文好处,故选C。
Choosing the right container is important. Always think about the style of your garden. 　2　 They are solid pots for spring as they don’t blow over in those early spring winds. Check that the pot has a large drainage (排水) hole to ensure that the soil drains well, but always cover it with a crock (like a piece from a broken flower planter) so that the soil doesn’t block the hole and create problems with drainage later down the line.
A　
2.上文讲选容器要匹配花园风格,A 项 “喜欢坚固沉稳的容器”,用具体偏好举例,呼应 “选容器” 话题,故选A。
Choosing the right compost (堆肥) is the key to the success of any planting. I think it’s best to use soil-based compost so that the soil does not become too heavy or waterlogged, especially in spring when we could have plenty of showers. 　3　 And too much water in the soil will freeze, preventing the plants from taking up the vital water.
B　
3.上文讲春季多雨需防土壤水浸,B 项 “五月可能有霜冻”,补充春季气候特点,承接 “气候对植物的影响”,故选B。
Plant combinations are important, so always think about mixes which will last as well as annual and perennial (多年生的) ones. 　4　 A bunch of pots forces the eye to look around and take in each pot and plant combination. A nice option is planting summer flowers like Dahlia or Lily to create a summer impact.
D　
4.上文讲植物组合的重要性,D 项 “把不同大小花盆放一起”,举例说明布局技巧,衔接 “植物搭配”,故选D。
　5　 It can be achieved by using tall plants. If you don’t have a tall plant then you can always raise your pot off the ground with old house bricks or decorative pot feet, or use steps in your garden to create interest and drama.
A pleasant smell is always a lovely addition to a space as well as wildlife. Select the right plant for your location in your garden-sun or shade-loving.
G
5.下文讲用高植物、垫花盆等造高度差,G 项 “布置需考虑高度”,引出下文具体方法,“高度” 为核心衔接点,故选G。
【语篇概述】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了打造完美春季花盆的技巧,包括挑选与花园风格匹配的稳固花盆、使用土壤基质堆肥确保良好排水、植物搭配考虑持久性与季节性,以及通过高低错落布置增加观赏性。
类型三
设空在段尾
阅读七选五 “设空在段尾” 的核心功能是总结段落主旨、衔接上下文逻辑(承上启下)或补充细节(呼应前文),解题需紧扣“段落内部逻辑闭环”和“语篇衔接线索”。
总结升华类——抓 “前文高频词+结论词”
若前文是“分点说明、举例论证、原因分析”,段尾空通常是概括前文的主旨句,解题关键是 “找前文高频词 / 核心话题”,并关注选项中的“结论性信号词”。
常见结论信号词:therefore, thus, so, in conclusion, in short, above all, overall, as a result, that’s why...
★ 解题步骤
1.圈出前文 “重复出现的名词 / 核心概念”(确定段落话题);
2.排除与话题无关的选项;
3.优先选择含 “结论词” 且能概括前文的选项。
A.You can also make new friends while working out.
B. Group fitness classes are becoming more popular.
C. So you’ll be more likely to stick to your exercise routine.
　　If you’re tired of wandering around the gym wasting time and becoming bored, you can attend an upbeat group fitness class that’ll keep your workout on track. You’ll have a coach who will push you harder than you might push yourself. 　　　　
【技法运用】
前文核心话题:“团体健身课的好处”(keep your workout on track, coach push harder);设空处需总结 “这些好处带来的结果”,选项 C 含结论词 “so”,且 “stick to your exercise routine”(坚持锻炼)是 “教练督促、避免浪费时间” 的直接结果,呼应前文。故选C。
陷阱 1:结论词匹配,但内容 “偷换前文分述对象”。
陷阱 2:内容看似总结,但无 “结论词” 且逻辑断层。
陷阱 3:结论词 “形似实异”,逻辑功能不符。
陷阱 4:总结内容 “过度拔高” 或 “片面局限”。
A.Or chew some gum!
B.The tougher a task is, the better.
C.In this sense, distraction is vital for survival.
D.Another possible way is to keep your mind busy.
E.Staying focused can still be a challenge in adult life.
F.One of the most efficient solutions is to get rid of noise.
G.Students may always find themselves distracted from the lessons.
　　Were you ever told to stop daydreaming and concentrate in school life It was easy for your mind to wander if you weren’t interested in what you were learning or if you had better things to think about. 　1　 Fortunately, understanding how to deal with it, and knowing what is distracting(使分心) you, can help.
E　
1.上文讲 “学生上课易分心”,下文说 “了解如何应对这一情况能帮我们”。E 项 “成年人保持专注仍是挑战” 延续 “分心” 话题,引出下文应对方法,承上启下,故选E。
Scientists have looked at what makes us distracted and found a number of ways to help us grown-ups stay in the zone. 　2　 Research by Science Focus magazine found it helpful to seat yourself at a quiet coffee bar working on your laptop. It also found turning off notifications on your phone, or switching it off altogether, removed a major distraction and helped us focus on the task at hand.
F　
2.下文说 “在安静咖啡馆工作更容易专注”。F 项 “消除噪音是有效解决办法” 点明 “安静环境” 的重要性,衔接下文具体场景,符合语境,故选F。
　3　 Psychologists are increasingly interested in our ability to get wholly absorbed in our work and have looked at what we can change inside our head to make us concentrate. According to their findings, making a task more visually demanding works a lot. Our brain may get the signal that the task takes up more processing power and leaves it nothing left to process distractions.
D　
3.下文讲 “让任务视觉上更复杂,大脑就无暇分心”。D 项 “另一种方法是让大脑保持忙碌” 概括本段核心,“keep your mind busy” 呼应 “大脑处理任务时,无暇分心”,故选D。
There are more practical tips to keep you focused. Make a reasonable list or timetable of the tasks you have to do. Find a workspace where you’re not tempted to do other things. 　4　 It’s possible that the movement in your mouth occupies parts of the brain that might otherwise get distracted.
A　
4.根据上句可知,设空处为保持注意力的具体方法介绍。A 项 “或者嚼口香糖” 中 “chew gum” 对应 “口腔运动”,补充具体方法,衔接下文,故选A。
As adults, we are trying so hard to avoid being distracted. However, distraction isn’t all bad. If we were always so focused that we never got distracted, we’d miss potential changes, such as threats, in our environment. 　5　
C
5.上文说 “分心不全是坏事,能让人发现环境变化”。C 项 “从这个意义说,分心对生存至关重要” 总结前文 “分心的积极作用”,升华主题,故选C。
【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些方法来帮助成年人保持注意力集中。
承上启下类——抓 “本段尾+下一段首” 的逻辑衔接
★ 常见衔接逻辑
1.转折:前文提“某做法的好处”,下段提 “但需注意的问题”,段尾空用however、but衔接;
2.递进:前文提“基础做法”,下段提 “进阶做法”,段尾空用what’s more、besides衔接;
3.因果:前文提“某问题”,下段提 “解决办法”,段尾空用to solve this、for this reason衔接。
★ 解题步骤
1.分别圈出“本段最后一句的核心词” 和“下一段首句的核心词”;
2.找选项中同时包含“本段核心词” 和 “下段核心词”(或同义替换)的选项,作为“桥梁”。
A.Language is closely connected to culture.
B.This cultural knowledge can give you a better understanding of the language.
C.Speaking a foreign language can also bring many practical benefits.
　　Learning to speak another language means not only learning words and grammar, but also learning about another culture. It opens the door to understanding how people live and think in different parts of the world. 　　　
It can also help you gain a new perspective on your own culture...
【技法运用】
分别圈出本段核心词:“language+culture”(语言与文化的关联)及下一段首句核心词:“help you gain a new perspective on your own culture”(帮助理解自身文化),选项 B 中 “this cultural knowledge”“give a better understanding of the language”同时为下一段 “理解自身文化” 铺垫(文化知识的延伸价值),完美承上启下。
陷阱 1:仅复现 “本段尾 / 下一段首” 的词汇,却无 “逻辑延续性”。
陷阱 2:“承上” 有效,但 “启下” 偏离下一段 “核心逻辑”。
陷阱 3:“启下” 强行关联,但 “承上” 与本段 “观点冲突/无关”。
(2024·广东省高三模考)
A.Breathe fresh air.
B.Keep yourself free from anxiety.
C.Doing regular exercise helps you go on a diet.
D.Regular physical activity improves immune function.
E.Here are practical approaches proven to show some results.
F.Vaccines don’t fix all problems, but they’re really effective.
G.Having junk food once in a while isn’t going to impact your health.
People think they can just boost the immune system as if it were a muscle, but it’s far from that simple. But like any bodily function, immunity works best when we support our general health. 　1　
E　
1.上文说 “保持身体健康能让免疫力发挥最佳作用”,下文列具体方法。E 项 “有经证实有效的实用方法” 承接前文 “保持健康”,引出下文具体措施,衔接恰当,故选E。
Take your shots. When it comes to powering up the immune system, vaccines(疫苗) are the most important breakthrough in history. Childhood vaccinations, for instance, have been a key factor in our longer lifespan today. 　2　 A vaccine provides a training session for our adaptive immunity, showing it how to fight an invader it’s never seen before.
F　
2.上文提 “儿童疫苗是人类长寿的关键因素”,下文讲疫苗对免疫的训练作用。F 项 “疫苗虽不能解决所有问题,但很有效” 承接上文疫苗的重要性,引出下文具体效用,符合逻辑,故选F。
Watch what you eat. 　3　 But if it features consistently in your diet, you’re in danger of replacing the healthier foods and nutrients that you need for your immune system. For most of us, a balanced and varied diet gives us most of the nutrients we need. If you aren’t getting a lot of sun exposure, you may require vitamin D.
G　
3.上文强调 “注意饮食”,下文说 “长期吃某种食物会让免疫缺乏所需营养”。G 项 “偶尔吃垃圾食品不影响健康” 中 “junk food”是下文提到的“it”,构成转折,衔接自然,故选G。
Get moving. 　4　 And it doesn’t take much. People with inactive lifestyles have a higher risk of hospitalization, while people who exercise, even a bit, are more likely to get better on their own. Aim for 10 to 30 minutes of exercise every day to get the immune benefits.
D　
4.上文说 “要运动”,下文讲 “运动无需太多”。D 项 “规律运动能提升免疫功能” 中 “Regular physical activity” 呼应 “Get moving” 和下文 “it”,点明运动好处,衔接恰当,故选D。
　5　 Time outdoors gives you a break from indoor air, where infectious bugs may circulate, and it also has benefits for your immune function. A bout of sunlight during the day improves your sleep rhythm at night and allows your body to produce essential vitamin D. Also, exposure to natural environments reduces stress and anxiety.
A
5.下文说 “户外活动能让你离开室内一段时间,室内空气中可能存在有传染性疾病的细菌,有益免疫”。A 项 “呼吸新鲜空气” 直接概括本段 “户外活动” 的核心,衔接下文,故选A。
【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文。文章列举了一些方法能够让我们的免疫系统更好地发挥作用。
补充细节类——抓“前文话题的延续性”
★ 常见补充逻辑
1.解释:前文提“某现象”,段尾空解释“现象的原因/目的”;
2.举例:前文提“某观点”,段尾空用for example、such as举具体案例;
3.条件:前文提“某做法”,段尾空补充 “做法的前提/注意事项”。
★ 解题步骤
1.确定前文“最后一句的话题”(如 “某做法的目的”“某问题的表现”);
2.选项需“延续该话题”,而非跳转到新话题;
3.关注“衔接词”(for example、because、in fact 等)。
A.Leave it open when you’re available.
B.Close it when you need privacy.
C.Keep your office clean and tidy.
　　If you have a door to your office, make good use of it. 　　　　
If someone knocks and it’s not an important matter, excuse yourself and let the person know you’re busy so they can get the hint that when the door is closed, you’re not to be disturbed.
【技法运用】
抓“前文话题的延续性”:前文讲到“充分利用办公室的门”,后文补充 “有人敲门时的处理方式(门关闭时表示忙碌)”。
与前后句的逻辑衔接:设空处需 “延续‘门的使用’话题”,且与后文“门关闭” 形成呼应(补充“门的另一种状态”)。
选项B中“close it when you need privacy”(需要隐私时关门),既延续 “门的使用”,又为后文“门关闭 = 不被打扰”铺垫细节,符合“补充条件”的逻辑。故选B。
陷阱 1:话题 “部分重叠”,但核心对象偏离。
陷阱2:补充 “新话题”,而非 “延续旧话题”。
陷阱3:逻辑 “反向冲突”,与前文细节矛盾。
陷阱 4:细节 “过度具体”,脱离段落语境。
(2024·广东珠海高三模考)
A.The opportunities are endless!
B.How can you work for the program
C.It can be from one week to many months.
D.If so, consider a work exchange program.
E.What are the reasons to do a work exchange
F.That doesn’t mean you have no choice but to stay at home.
G.For example, Workaway’s site lists over 50,000 places to choose from.
Have you ever thought about traveling to new places, but you can’t afford it 　1　 Basically, you work a few hours each week in exchange for free housing. Both meals and other benefits are often thrown in. The jobs range from cleaning to computer work. You can search by location or for the type of work you’re interested in. One benefit of the more popular programs is that they assist you in different ways.
D　
1.上文说 “想旅行但没钱”,下文讲 “工作换免费住宿”。D项 “考虑工作交换项目” 提出解决方案,承上启下,衔接 “没钱旅行” 与 “工作换住宿”,故选D。
They also charge as little as US $39 and offer extra features. 　2　 And World packers pride themselves on their attention to safety and security. They carefully check out each potential host. They also provide a 24/7 support network for volunteers and hosts.
G　
2.上文说 “热门项目收费低且有额外功能”。G 项 “例如,Workaway 列出五万多个选择” 举例说明 “额外功能”,补充具体细节,承接上文,故选G。
　3　 You can gain new skills in creativity, leadership, languages and more. You can drown yourself in a new culture. You’ll make new friends because you stay in one place for a while and work. Practically anyone at any age can join a program and travel throughout the year.
E　
3.下文提到了“获新技能、融入文化和交新朋友”等好处。E项提出问题“为什么要做工作交换”,下文为答案,引出下文,符合逻辑,故选E。
Your length of stay depends on your host. 　4　 Typically, you’ll work 20 to 30 hours a week. This gives you plenty of free time to explore the area.
C　
4.上文说 “停留时间取决于房东”,下文讲 “每周工作 20—30 小时”。C 项 “停留时间从一周到数月不等” 补充 “时间长短” 的具体范围,承上启下,故选C。
When it comes to work exchange opportunities, the sky is the limit! You can help on a farm in Ireland. You might work in a wildlife park in Australia or as a photographer in Mexico. You could work in reception in a Japanese guesthouse. Or you might help at a South African surf camp. 　5　
Consider a travel work exchange. It might be the most exciting trip you ever take!
A
5.上文列举 “爱尔兰农场、澳大利亚野生动物园” 等工作机会。A 项 “机会是无限的” 总结前文 “多样的机会”,延续 “机会多” 的话题,衔接恰当,故选A。
【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍的是用工作交换旅行的项目。
维度二　理顺逻辑关系
利用“总—分”关系解题
A.Each method targets different aspects of stress.
B.Stress is a common issue in modern society.
C.Exercise is the most effective way to reduce stress.
D.Diet plays a crucial role in mental health.
　　There are three main ways to reduce stress. 　40　 First, exercise regularly to release endorphins. Second, practice mindfulness meditation to calm the mind. Third, maintain a balanced diet to support mental bining these methods can significantly improve your well-being.
【技法运用】
第一步,锁定总述与分述的话题一致性。
总述句 “three main ways to reduce stress” 统领全文,后文通过 “First...Second...Third” 分点展开论述。分述句:分别从运动、冥想和饮食的三个角度说明减压的方法,属于对总述的细节支撑。
第二步,选项匹配。
A 选项(Each method targets...)概括了三个方法的共性(针对压力的不同方面),与总述句 “three ways” 形成 “总述→分述→总结” 的结构。
第三步,验证逻辑。
代入 A 选项后,后文 “First...Second...Third” 成为 “targets different aspects” 的具体体现,总分关系清晰。故选A。
陷阱 1:总述句范围过大,无法精准覆盖分述内容。
陷阱 2:总述句范围过小,无法概括分述内容。
陷阱 3:分述句偏离总述核心,仅与总述 “话题相关”。
陷阱 4:分述句逻辑层级混乱,混淆 “总—分” 与 “并列 / 因果”。
陷阱 5:“总—分”“信号词误导”,仅有形式无实质逻辑。
陷阱 6:假“总—分” vs 真“并列”,混淆两种逻辑关系。
(2024·广东深圳高三模考)
A.Museums bring out the best qualities in children.
B.Museums often deliver kids-centered exhibitions.
C.Instead they generate funding and fuel employment.
D.Then, visit a local museum to learn about that subject.
E.Even shopping at the gift shop there is an opportunity for connection.
F.On the contrary, they consume a small percentage of city funds annually.
G.The fact, however, is that museums offer magical benefits in many ways.
For people who are planning a trip, a visit to a museum might not be the first thing they think of. After all, there are plenty of ways to appreciate the world’s civilization, gain exciting experiences and spend quality time with family and friends. 　1　
G　
1.上文说 “旅行时博物馆不是首选”,G 项 “但博物馆在很多方面能带来好处”用“however”转折,点明文章主题,引出下文博物馆的功能,衔接恰当,故选G。
Museums are where people learn something new, at every age! Are you interested in something specific 　2　 There, you will find yourself drawn in and inspired! Museums are a fantastic place to learn about a region’s history, scientific achievements, major cultural events, and of course, dinosaurs. They also design exhibitions related to visual arts, industrial innovations and anything that inspires an individual to learn about the past and create new paths to the future.
D　
2.上文问 “你有特别感兴趣的事物吗”,D 项“去当地博物馆了解该事物”中“that subject”指代“感兴趣的事物”,承接上文疑问,给出具体做法,故选D。
　3　 They will surely be an exciting part of the educational experience with the main purpose to expose children to knowledge of various fields and expand their horizons. To achieve that, museums are working to create meaningful and engaging activities, interactive and knowledge-based.
B　
3.下文讲 “博物馆通过举办活动让孩子接触知识和扩大视野”,B项“博物馆经常举办儿童主题展览”概括本段核心,“kids-centered” 呼应下文 “children”,适合做主题句,故选B。
Museums support tourism. They are tourism promoters in small towns and large cities. Museums aren’t a burden on tax revenue (税收) or a separate concern from other city projects. 　4　 Statistics show that museums support more than 726,000 jobs in America.
C　
4.上文说 “博物馆推动旅游业发展,不是税收负担”,C 项 “反而创造资金和就业” 用 “instead” 转折,下文 “美国博物馆提供 72.6 万岗位” 呼应 “fuel employment”,衔接自然,故选C。
Museums shape communities. They have activities and exhibitions through which visitors can learn about local history. Museums are places where a shared heritage is celebrated and a collective identity is formed. They provide an interesting public space where people meet and talk to each other. 　5　
E
5.上文讲 “博物馆是人们见面交流的公共场所”,E 项 “即使在礼品店购物也能建立联系”,补充博物馆周边场景的社交功能,延续 “交流” 话题,故选E。
【语篇概述】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了博物馆的多项社会性功能。
利用递进关系解题
★ 核心特征
上下文讨论同一话题,或下文在上文基础上补充信息。
★ 常出现明确的逻辑词
并列词(and, also, too, as well, either...or..., neither...nor...)
递进词(besides, furthermore, moreover, in addition, what’s more)
A.Set an intention for self-acceptance.
B.Remember, you are only human.
C.Stop comparing yourself with others.
D.Nothing is too small to celebrate.
　　Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures. 　38　 You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in how you could have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate (有同情心) response “That didn’t go as planned. But, I tried my best.”
【技法运用】
根据本文的中心句“Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made”及下文“You will make mistakes, time and time again”可知,本句是在说明要将自己看作一个普通人,普通人是会犯错的,故选B,与上下文衔接最好。
陷阱 1:仅 “话题相关”,无 “递进逻辑”(最易踩坑)。
陷阱 2:递进标志词 “形似实异”,逻辑反向。
陷阱 3:递进内容 “脱离段落主旨”,仅局部相关。
陷阱 4:混淆 “递进” 与 “因果 / 并列” 关系。
How to Increase Your Levels of Optimism
A.People tend to hold the same attitude towards life.
B.However, you can always train your mind to generate or maintain optimism.
C.They must be repeated with strong belief and be a constant in your daily life.
D.First you should figure out what matters in your life and focus on positive messages.
E.Therefore, every time you have negative thoughts, analyze and view them more objectively.
F.The next step is to let your loved ones know that you love them and you’re grateful to them.
G.The repetition of phrases similar to these will allow your mind to interpret negative events differently.
The way in which you achieve your goals, face challenges, and overcome failures depends largely on your levels of optimism. Not everyone sees life in the same way. 　1　
B　
1.上文说 “乐观程度影响目标实现,但人们看待生活的方式不同”,B 项 “但你能训练思维产生或保持乐观” 递进,引出下文具体方法,承上启下,故选B。
Change your negative thoughts. Your mind takes in negative memories and makes them bigger and more significant than they really are. 　2　 The next step is to reduce them by comparing them to related or similar memories that are more pleasant. In this way, you gradually change them and select new thoughts. This requires a learning process that’ll take some time to practice. However, with patience, you’ll achieve the desired results.
E　
2.主题句是 “改变消极想法”,上文说 “大脑放大消极记忆”,E 项 “因此要客观分析消极想法” 递进,用 “therefore” 承接前文,给出具体做法,符合逻辑,故选E。
Express gratitude. When you face a challenge, it’s advisable to figure out what’s going well. By taking the time to do this, you allow yourself to register the positive aspects that you experience. To help your brain store these positive events, you should take time each week to analyze what you should be grateful for. 　3　
F　
3.主题句是 “表达感激”,上文说 “每周分析该感激的事”,F项 “下一步让爱人知道你的感激” 递进,衔接 “分析感激对象” 到 “表达感激” 的流程,故选F。
Repeat positive affirmations(肯定). One key element for increasing your levels of optimism that you get with previous two steps is positive affirmations. In fact, these messages that you repeat to yourself most regularly are the ones that you believe in and that determine your vision of life. 　4　 You can start with one or two affirmations that represent the values you want to live by and the goals you want to achieve.
C　
4.主题句是 “重复积极肯定”,上文说 “重复的信息决定生活视角”,C 项 “要带着信念重复并融入日常” 递进,“They” 指代 “positive affirmations”,补充具体要求,故选C。
For example, tell yourself “Every day I’m improving” or “I’m living my best moment”. 　5　 Furthermore, it’ll make you stronger in the face of them and you’ll maintain your optimism.
G
5.上文举 “我每天在进步” 等积极例子,G 项 “重复类似短语能让大脑换角度看待消极事件” 递进,“these” 指代例子,说明重复的好处,故选G。
【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“如何提高你的乐观程度”的一些方法。
利用转折、对比关系解题
A.Shared hobbies are a great icebreaker.
B.You don’t have to plan a big event to connect.
C.It’s important to respect your neighbor’s personal space.
D.You don’t have to stay long or have a big conversation.
E.These small, daily interactions make people feel seen.
F.Rushing the process will only make things awkward.
G.A thoughtful gift can make a good first impression.
　　If you want to connect with a new neighbor, try stopping by for a short visit. 　38　 Instead, you can give a small gift, like a fruit basket or a plant, to show your kindness. This gesture is simple but meaningful; it tells your neighbor you’re glad to be part of the community.
【技法运用】
空后的“Instead”表转折,所以空格处应填入与空后内容相反的内容。空后提到的“a small gift”与选项B的“plan a big event”相对立。选项B为正确答案。
陷阱 1:仅 “话题相关”,无 “实质转折 / 对比”。
陷阱 2:“转折词错位”,逻辑关系颠倒。
陷阱 3:“对比对象错误”,混淆 “对比主体”。
陷阱 4:“隐性转折词误解”,忽略 “意外 / 反差” 逻辑。
(2024·广东湛江高三模考)
A.Those materials are seemingly useless.
B.All these are essential to a healthy ecosystem.
C.They aren’t suitable for all landscapes, however.
D.Don’t forget there are creatures living under the top soil.
E.You can get such things from many landscaping suppliers.
F.Rainwater is an important source of our underground water.
G.Add “support local wildlife”, and you’re ready for sustainable hardscaping.
Hardscaping refers to non-organic features of a landscape such as pathways, driveways, walls, steps, and other human-made structures. The three Rs, which are common to many sustainability efforts, apply to hardscaping: reduce, reuse, and recycle. 　1　
G　
1.上文说 “硬景观需遵循‘减少、再利用、回收’3R 原则”,G项“再加上‘支持当地野生动植物’,即实现可持续硬景观”递进补充,引出下文相关内容,衔接恰当,故选G。
Reduce Runoff
You can reduce rainwater runoff by using permeable (可渗透的) materials that allow rainwater to get into the soil below. 　2　 Because, to use permeable materials, you need to dig deeper to set into multiple layers (层) of sand,tiny stones,and other materials that allow rainwater to permeate well, using them under a tree can disturb or even destroy roots that keep trees healthy and upright. It’s also a good idea to slope (倾斜) any impermeable surface to direct rainwater to your garden to save from watering it.
C　
2.上文说 “用透水材料减少雨水径流”,C 项 “但它们不适用于所有景观” 转折,“They” 指代 “透水材料”,下文解释在树下使用的弊端,呼应转折,故选C。
Use Recycled Materials
Consider using materials that are recycled from reclaimed (再生的) concrete, glass, or other construction materials that might otherwise end up in a landfill. 　3　 Your local landfill might sell other usable materials as well. Recycled wood can be used to make borders between different areas. Just make sure it hasn’t been treated with chemicals, especially if you grow food nearby.
E　
3.下文说 “垃圾填埋场也卖可用材料”,E 项 “你能从景观材料供应商买到这些材料” 递进,用 “as well” 衔接 “供应商” 到 “垃圾填埋场” 的材料来源,故选E。
Support Local Wildlife
　4　 Using permeable hardscape makes the soil below beneficial to them, whether they are earthworms, ground-nesting bees and other beneficial insects, important microorganisms, or plant roots. Between hardscaped areas, plant native trees and flowers to create wildlife habitats. 　5　
With careful planning and action, you can enjoy the convenience brought by hardscaping and at the same time be considerate to the environment and local wildlife.
D　
B
4.主题是 “支持当地野生动植物”,下文说 “透水材料有益于土壤下生物”,D 项 “别忘了表层土下有生物” 递进,引出下文 “生物” 的具体种类,故选D。
5.上文说 “透水材料有利于土壤生物,种植本土植物,造栖息地”,B 项 “这些对健康生态系统都必不可少” 总结,“All these” 指代前文措施,升华主题,故选B。
【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了人造景观需要做到3R原则以及支持当地野生动植物,在修路、建墙等人类行为过程中如何兼顾环境和生态保护。
利用因果关系解题
G.This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter.
　　Housewarming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people would actually bring firewood to a new home as a gift. 　　　　Now most homes have central heating and don’t use fires to keep warm.
【技法运用】
空前句是“结果”——乔迁派对名字源于“带柴火作礼物”;选项 G 中 “so that” 表目的(隐含因果),解释“带柴火”的原因(让主人冬天取暖),前果后因,逻辑闭环,故 G 为正确选项。
陷阱 1:因果方向颠倒(最核心陷阱)。
陷阱 2:“假因果信号词” 匹配,但无实际逻辑关联。
陷阱 3:因果主体偷换(“张冠李戴”)。
陷阱 4:过度延伸因果(“因果链太长,超出原文范围”)。
陷阱 5:隐含因果与显性因果混淆(忽略 “无信号词的隐性因果”)。
(2025·广州培英中学三模)
Hiking: A Timeless Exercise Gaining Modern Popularity
A.Lace up your boots and start exploring.
B.Hiking also promotes mental well-being.
C.But its advantages go further than heart health.
D.Push yourself harder and faster through challenging trails.
E.It’s a well-rounded activity that benefits both the body and mind.
F.Always inform someone of your plans and check in with them afterward.
G.This growth reflects hiking’s appeal as a way to stay active and connect with nature.
Hiking, a form of exercise older than exercise itself, is so