【2026中考】中考英语二轮语法归纳专题：介词 复习课件

(共42张PPT)
介词
1. at, on, in
at: 具体钟点之前或用于固定搭配中。
e.g. at seven o’clock; at noon, at the age of 10
on: 星期、具体日期及某天上午、下午、晚上前。
e.g. on Sunday, on June 1st, on Monday morning
in: 年、月、季节或泛指的上午、下午、晚上前。
e.g. in May, in 2023, in autumn, in the morning
表示时间的介词
in: “(从现在起……)多久之后”，常与一般将来时连用。
e.g. She’ll be back in an hour.
after: after + 时间点, 意为 “在……之后”, 与一般将来时连用; after + 以过去为起点的时间段, 意为 “在……之后”, 与一般过去时连用。
e.g. We will play football with my friends after 17:00.
They finished the work after two weeks.
2. in, after
before + 时间点, 意为 “在……之前”。
e.g. He’ll arrive here before ten.
3. before
4. during, through
5. for, since
during 在……期间；through从头到尾。
for + 时间段，since + 时间点，均可与现在完成时连用。
e.g. I have studied English for six years.
He has lived here since 2019.
by + 将来的时间, 常与一般将来时连用，意为 “在……之前”;
by + 过去的时间, 常与过去完成时连用，意为 “到……为止”。
e.g. I’ll finish the task by Friday.
We had learnt 1,000 English words by the end of last term.
6. by
用于肯定句中，意为 “直到……为止”;
用于否定句中，not … until … 直到……才……。
e.g. I waited for you until 10 o’clock.
I didn’t go to bed until ten.
7. until
at和in指在某处：at后通常接相对较小的地点，in后通常接相对较大的地点；from指来自某处或始于某地。
1. at, in, from
表示方位的介词
2. on, over, above, under, below
on是指“在……的上面”，并与表面接触；over常表示恰好的垂直关系，或者含有空间上接近的含义；above 只是笼统地表示“高于”，不与表面接触；under表示“在……垂直方向的下面”，但不与表面接触；below 笼统指“在……之下”。故 over 与under互为反义词；above与below互为反义词。
3. in, on, to
in指在范围之内，on表示接壤，to表示在范围之外。
4. across, through, past
across和through都有“从一边到另一边”的意思：across主要指“(从某物的表面上)横过”；through主要指“(从某物的空间内)穿过”；past表示“从旁边经过，走过”。
5. between, among, of
6. in front of, in the front of, behind, at the back of
between表示“在两者之间”，可构成 between ... and ...短语；among表示“在三者或三者以上之间；……之一”；of表示范围，“在……中”。
in front of / behind表示在某一空间外部范围的前面或后面；in the front of / at the back of表示在某一空间内部范围的前面或后面。
7. to, towards, against, opposite
to / towards表示“向，朝，对着(某人/某物)的方向”；against 表示“逆着；与……相反”，短语guard against表示“防范、预防某事发生”；opposite表示“在(某人/某物)对面”。
8. by / near / beside, along, around
by / near / beside表示“在……旁边”；along表示“沿着”；around表示“在……周围”。
表示方式的介词
on, by, through, in, with
on可表示“借助于，用(某事物)”；by和through都表示“通过……方式/方法”；in表示“使用(某种语言)或以某种方式安排事情”；with表示“用(身体部位或某种具体的工具)，使用”。
其他介词
1. in
2. including, besides, except
表示“穿戴(衣物等)”。
including表示“包含，包括”；besides表示“除了……之外(还有)”；except表示“除了……之外(不包括)”。
3. with, without
with表示“和……在一起；具有(品质、特征等)；带有；随着”；without表示“没有”。
4. for, to
一些动词可带双宾语，当先说直接宾语(表物)时，间接宾语(表人)前可以用 for，也可以用to。与for搭配的有 buy, make, cook, order, choose, provide等；与to搭配的有 give, send, lend, pass, tell, show, offer, hand, throw等。
5. for, of
可用于句型“It is + adj. + for / of sb. to do sth.”中。for sb.中的sb.是动词不定式的逻辑主语，如It is dangerous for an old man to run fast. = For an old man, to run fast is dangerous. 当作表语的形容词修饰人，表示人的某种品质、性格等时，用of引出动词不定式的逻辑主语，这类形容词有kind, nice, good, careful, careless, crazy, foolish, wise, rude, impolite, brave等，如 It is kind of you to help us. = You are kind to help us.
介词在实际使用中常常与其他词构成固定搭配，需要随时积累并熟记。
固定搭配
1. He wouldn’t allow bad moods to get ________ when he was
doing his job.
A．on the way B．in the way
C．along the way D．by the way
(2025江苏扬州)
2. Sue looked at her son ________. She couldn’t believe that
he won the game.
A．in surprise B．by mistake C．on purpose
(2025福建)
B
A
3. Xizang opened its first flight to Hong Kong ________
February 19th, 2025.
A．in B．on C．at
(2025四川成都)
4. The best things ________ life are free, like hugs, smiles,
love and good memories.
A．on B．at C．by D．in
(2025江苏扬州)
5. Most students in our school go home ________ bus on
weekends.
A．in B．on C．at D．by
(2025云南)
B
D
D
6. Everyone in my family does chores ________ my little
brother because he is only 10 months old.
A．besides B．except C．beside
(2025黑龙江绥化)
7. —Do you like sports
—Sure. I am good ________ table tennis.
A．of B．at C．to
(2025福建)
B
B
8. We can go to school _____bike to make our city greener.
A. by B. on C. in
(2024四川自贡)
9. —Maria. You have made such a great progress in English.
—Thanks, Ms. Chen. I can’t make it ______ your help.
A. with B. without C. for
(2024四川凉山州)
A
B
10. —Did you have fun watching the volleyball game
—No. A tall man stood ______ me. I couldn’t see the players at all.
A. next to B. across from C. in front of
(2024四川凉山州)
11. ______ the Spring Festival, lanterns can be seen almost everywhere in my hometown.
A. Τo B. Above C. Between D. During
(2024云南)
C
D
12. The Marco Polo Memorial Hall stands at the east end of Dongguan Street ________ Yangzhou.
A. to B. on C. at D. in
(2024江苏扬州)
13. Jack：When it thunders(打雷),why do we see lightning(闪电) first, then hear thunder
Tom：Because our eyes are ________ears. Ha﹣ha! Just a joke!
A. before B. opposite C. between D. beside
(2024山东东营)
D
A
14.― I miss Bill very much as we haven't seen each other ______ two years.
― Me, too. Whenever I see the photo, it reminds me ______ the happy days we spent together.
A. in; with B. for; of C. on; in D. from; for
(2024山东滨州)
15. Hurry up, Nancy! The meeting will start ______ ten
minutes.
A. by B. in C. for D. to (2024河北)
B
B
16. ― It's time to graduate. We should say "Thanks" to our
teachers.
― I think so. We have made great progress ________the teachers' help.
A. with B. through C. under
(2024黑龙江齐齐哈尔)
17. Mary plays light music _________ her free time to enjoy the beauty of music.
A. in B. at C. on (2024吉林)
A
A
完成句子。
去年夏天，他的爸爸亲自教他游泳。
His father taught him how to swim_______ _______ last summer.
(2025四川达州)
短文选词填空。
But ______ recent years, they have played an important part in keeping the desert from growing.
(2025新疆)
in person
in
2. Every day, he can see his neighbors playing chess in the
park, dancing _______ the river or chatting in the market.
(2025广东)
3. Life was hard for Su Shi, but he tried to enjoy it. In 1080,
he was sent to Huangzhou and stayed there ______ four
years.
(2025吉林)
along
for
4. When children in Denmark wake up ______ their
birthday, they find gifts all around their beds.
(2025贵州)
5. Think twice _______ sharing. We should be responsible
for what we share online.
(2025广西)
6. He began to learn painting not from famous painters
______ that time, but from folk artisans (民间手艺人) in
today’s Henan Province.
(2025河南)
on
before
at
7. While Xi’an is a city __________ a long history, it is also very much a part of the modern world. (2024福建)
8. Tea drinking soon became fashionable there but because __________ its high price, it remained a drink for the wealthy. (2024江苏苏州)
9. “Don’t feel sorry for me,” she says to her fans, “The hardships mentioned in the book are now in the past. __________them, I could never have finished this book.”
(2024四川南充)
with
of
Without
语法填空。
Our “Good Things Jug” is full ______ love, hope and happiness.
(2025河北)
2. Are you interested _______ learning more about the
classics
(2025湖南长沙)
of
in
3. To solve this problem, Shang Yang came ______ with an
idea.
______ his surprise, Shang Yang paid him 50 gold pieces.
(2025新疆)
4. The scroll was part of a huge project. A group of artists
spent two years ______ it. It includes eight paintings,
which are 140 meters long in total.
(2025湖南)
up
To
on
5. The big train company in China has started this on some train lines, ____________ the ones from Beijing to Shanghai, Beijing to Guangzhou, and Chengdu to Chongqing. (2024四川宜宾)
6. “Let’s have a competition. Before sunrise tomorrow, the one who comes up ____________ a good way to visit the West Lake even on rainy days will be the winner.” Lu Ban thought it was easy.(2024四川遂宁)
including
with
7. To prevent breaking up, I first cook mooncakes _________ a high temperature to set the pattern and shape. (2024山东烟台)
8. The painting measures(测量为) only 77 centimeters by 53 centimeters and is painted ________ oil on wood.
(2024贵州)
9. My teammates are international students coming ________different countries. (2024广东深圳)
with
with
from
短文填空。
These planners would create special learning plans _________ each student, so that everyone could get what they need to succeed. (2024重庆B卷)
综合填空。
Over the past few years, Chinese cultural IPs have often appeared __________ movies and TV dramas.
(2024湖北武汉)
for
in
Ⅰ. 从选项中选择可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
1. —Hi, Mike. When is the Space Day of China
—It falls _______ April 24 every year.
A. at B. in C. on D. for (2023 云南)
2. Mingming will have a class meeting _______ 3:30 this afternoon.
A. on B. in C. at (2022 湖南怀化)
C
C
3. —The Double Track of Chengdu-Kunming Rail was opened to traffic in December, 2022.
—Yes, it's very convenient now. It takes us about three hours _______ Chengdu to Xichang on a high-speed train.
A. between B. from C. in (2023 四川凉山州)
B
4. Deng Qingming, an astronaut of Shenzhou 15, achieved his dream _______ many years' hard work.
A. without B. in C. through
(2023 四川成都)
C
5. Look! The traffic light is green. We can go _______ the road now.
A. across B. above C. below D. against
(2023 四川遂宁)
6. —Can you tell me something about Dazhou, Lin Hui
—No problem. It's _______ the northeast of Sichuan Province and it's famous _______ its natural gas.
A. in; for B. in; as C. on; as D. to; for
(2022 四川达州)
A
A
7. Please bring Ms. Steen to the welcome party _______ telling her so that she can be surprised.
A. about B. from C. without D. for
(2023 湖北武汉)
8. —I'm thirsty. I'd like a glass of orange juice. What about you, Betty
—I prefer a cup of tea _______ nothing in it.
A. to B. for C. with D. without(2023 山东滨州)
C
C
9. Many thanks _______ your gift. I love it.
A. in B. of C. for D. with
(2023 河北)
10. The newly-built teaching building provides the students _______ a comfortable learning environment.
A. for B. to C. with D. in
(2023 辽宁营口)
C
C
Ⅱ. 根据首字母提示完成句子。
1. Mr. Liu has worked in Beijing s_______ 2023.
2. Wang Meng met a lot of interesting people d_______ her life as a student.
3. Leo arrived at the restaurant b_______ me, so he had already gotten us a table.
4. Amy has studied in Shanghai f_______ two years and she hopes to find a job there after graduation.
since
during
before
for
5. Another bridge is going to be built a__________ the river this year. (2023 山东日照)
6. —Is your home n__________ our school
—No, it's far away. (2023 山东济宁)
7. The library is o__________ our school. To get there, we just need to cross the street. (2023 四川内江)
across
near
opposite
8. I lent my camera t___________ her so she could take some photos.
9. It's really kind o___________ you to give me a hand.
10. The woman i___________ a black skirt is my history teacher.
to
of
in
III. 根据汉语意思，完成英语句子，每空一词。
1. 特克斯县始建于1937年，因其独特的八卦布局而闻名。
Tekes County was founded in 1937 and became famous _______ _______ its unique layout of “Bagua”. (2023 新疆维吾尔自治区 新疆生产建设兵团)
2. 凯特计划参加学校科学日活动。
Kate was planning to _______ _______ _______ the activities on the school Science Day. (2022 广东广州)
because of
take part in