【2026中考】中考英语二轮语法归纳专题：主谓一致 复习课件

(共35张PPT)
主谓一致
主谓一致
含义
原则
语法一致
就近一致
意义一致
指主语和谓语必须保持人称和数的变化一致
语法一致是指主语和谓语动词在语法形式上保持一致，即主语是单数形式，其谓语动词也用单数形式；主语是复数形式，其谓语动词也用复数形式。
语法一致
考点一：
一般情况下，主语为单数可数名词或代词、不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数形式；主语为复数可数名词或代词时，谓语动词用复数形式。
( )1. —______ any students in the classroom when the earthquake
happened
—Yes, but they have been saved.
A. There were B. Was there
C. There are D. Were there
( )2. —I’m hungry. ______ there any bread in the fridge, Mum
—None, but we have cakes. Would you like to have one
A. Is B. Are C. Will
D
A
【考例链接】
考点二：
当both ... and ...连接并列主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式。
当and连接的两个名词表示两个不同的概念时，谓语动词用复数形式。
当表示同一人、同一物或同一个概念，或表示不可分的整体
时，谓语动词仍用单数形式。
【考例链接】
( )Andy, you’d better not eat meat only. You should know milk
and fruit ______ good for you.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
B
考点三：
不定代词any, either, neither, none, each, one, the other, another，复合不定代词anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
【考例链接】
( ) Everyone _______ here. Let’s go.
A. is B. are C. was
A
1. “neither of / none of +复数可数名词 / 代词”作主语时, 谓语动词用单、复数形式皆可。
2. either指“两者之中任何一个”, 作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。“either of +复数可数名词 / 代词”作主语时, 谓语动词用单、复数形式皆可。
3. each作同位语时, 谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于主语的数;“each of +复数可数名词 / 代词”作主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式。
根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
Both of the two boys ________(be) clever.
Everything ________(be) covered in a thick layer of dust.
Each of the guests ________(be) given a present.
【考例链接】
are
was
was
考点四：
当主语后面跟有with, except, including, along with, together with, as well as, in addition to等词语引导的短语时，谓语动词的单、复数形式由主语的单、复数形式决定。
【考例链接】
( )1. The summer holidays are coming, so the twins as well as
Jack ______ to Hong Kong for vacation.
A. is going B. are going C. goes D. go
( )2. —What are you going to do this weekend
—I together with my classmates ______ going to climb
Mount Qian.
A. is B. am C. are D. were
B
B
考点五：
一些由两部分构成的表示物体的名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数形式，如shoe, glove, trouser, scissor, chopstick等。但如果这些名词前有量词如pair等修饰时，谓语动词的数与量词保持一致。
【考例链接】
( )1. This pair of shoes ______ me well, but the shoes ______
expensive.
A. fit; are B. fits; are C. fits; is
( )2. This pair of pants ______ mine. Yours may ______ on the
bed.
A. is; be B. are; be C. are; are
B
A
考点六：
“a number of + 复数可数名词 / 代词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；“the number of + 复数可数名词 / 代词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
2. “分数 / 百分数 + of + 名词”和“the rest of + 名词”作主语时， 谓语动词的形式由名词决定。
【考例链接】
( )1. —What ______ the number of the students in your
school
—About two thousand. A number of them ______ from
the countryside.
A. is; are B. is; is C. are; is D. are; are
( )2. —When will the railway that connects the two cities
open
—______ next year. Only two thirds ______ been built.
A. Until; has B. Until; have
C. Not until; has D. Not until; have
A
C
考点七：
动词不定式或动词-ing形式作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
( ) Climbing hills ______ good for our health.
A. are B. is C. was D. were
【考例链接】
B
1. My mother with her students ______ to voluneer at the old people’s home next week.
A. is going B. are going C. goes
（2025 黑龙江绥化）
A
2. In China, a number of birthday persons _______ cakes with candles. The number of candles _______ the person’s age.
A. has; is B. eats; are C. eat; is
（2024 黑龙江绥化）
C
3. Having good manners _______ necessary when you visit a foreign country.
A. are B. is C. was
（2024 黑龙江牡丹江）
B
意义一致是指谓语动词和主语的一致不是取决于主语的语法形式，而是由其意义决定。
意义一致
考点一：
当数词作主语或当表示距离、金额、时间等复数名词(词组)作主语时，通常作为整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式。
( ) —Do you need more time to complete the task
—Yes. Another ten days ______ enough.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
【考例链接】
A
考点二：
某些集体名词(如family，class，team，group等)作主语时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式；如果指集体中的成员，谓语动词用复数形式。
【考例链接】
( )1. Look! The police _____ the food onto the bank of the river.
A. am carrying B. is carrying
C. are carrying D. are carried
( )2. The team _____ the best in the game and the team _____
trying their best to play.
A. is; is B. is; are C. are; are D. are; is
C
B
考点三：
一些形式上是复数，但意义上是单数的名词，如news，works，physics，maths，politics等，它们作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
【考例链接】
( ) I hope there ______ good news tonight.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
A
考点四：
1. 如果主语由“the + 形容词”充当时，谓语动词常用复数形式。这类词有the brave，the poor，the rich，the blind，the young，the old，the sick，the dead等。
2. “the + 姓氏的复数形式”表示某某一家人或某某夫妇作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。
( )1. The young ______ hard to get a better life these days.
A. is working B. have worked
C. has worked D. are working
( )2. The Whites ______ the holiday in Europe next week.
A. is going to take B. are going to take
C. takes D. take
【考例链接】
D
B
考点五：
代词what，which，who，some，any等作主语时，谓语动词可根据说话人所要表达的意思决定其单复数形式。
【考例链接】
( )1. —Which ______ your chair, Paul
—The red one. It’s near Jim’s.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
( )2. —Do you know where the cards are
—Yes. There ______ some in my bedroom.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
A
B
( ) 1. —Hurry up, Jason! We’re going to the cinema, but the
clothes still need ________.
—Don’t worry. I think thirty minutes ________ enough.
A. washing; are B. to wash; are
C. to wash; is D. washing; is
(2022 四川达州)
D
( ) 2. One thousand kilometers ______ quite a long way to
the ancient, but now we can complete the journey in
about one hour by air. (2021 辽宁营口)
A. was B. had C. were D. have
( ) 3. I plan to travel to America next month, and I think
2000 dollars ______ enough. (2021 四川广元)
A. was B. are C. is D. were
( ) 4. My family ______ for dinner now. We’re busy.
A. is preparing B. are preparing C. prepares
(2020 黑龙江绥化)

B
A
C
就近一致是指谓语动词的数要与其最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
就近一致
考点一：
以or, not only ... but also ..., either ... or ..., neither ... nor ... 等连接的名词(或代词)作主语时，谓语动词要和离它最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。
【考例链接】
( )1. —Neither Tony nor I _____ interested in playing Weibo.
—You are out.
A. am B. is C. are
( )2. Not only my friends but also I _____ interested in
football and Messi is our favorite star.
A. be B. am C. is D. are
A
B
考点二：
在there be 句型中，如果有两个或两个以上的主语时，主语与谓语的一致通常遵循就近一致原则。
【考例链接】
( )1. There _____ some milk and two eggs on the table.
A. is B. are C. has
( )2. There _____ a book and some pens in the bag. Please
give them to the old man.
A. be B. are C. is D. have
( )3. There _____ lots of sheep and pigs on my uncle’s farm now.
A. was B. were C. is D. are
A
C
D
( ) 1. Look! There _____ a notebook and three keys on the desk.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
（2025 甘肃白银）
( ) 2. —There _____ many ancient Chinese poems in this book.
Which one do you like best
—Climbing a Tower by Wang Zhihuan.
A. are B. is C. were D. was
（2024 吉林长春）
A
A
( ) 4. —Neither Lily nor her parents _____ outdoors when
the rainstorm came.
—_____ lucky they were!
A. were; What B. was; How C. were; How
(2023 四川达州)
C
( ) 3. Look! There _____ some information about traffic rules in this book.
A. is B. are C. was
(2024 黑龙江绥化)
A
( )3. In our school library, there _____ a number of books on art. The number of the books _____ still growing larger and larger.
A. is; is B. are; is C. is; are D. are; are
(2022 贵州黔东南)
B
Ⅰ. 单项选择。
1. —What's your plan for the coming Dragon Boat Festival
—Most of us _______ ready to make zongzi.
A. is B. are C. have
2. Xu Mengtao won the 2022 Touching China award. Never giving up _______ the key to her success.
A. is B. are C. were
B
A
3. Nowadays, ______ people like HUAWEI phones better, and about ______ of them are adults.
A. the number of; four fifths
B. a number of; four fifths
C. a number of; four fifth
4. There ______ some milk and several apples in the fridge.
A. is B. are C. be
B
A
Ⅱ. 根据括号内的单词提示完成句子或对话。
1. Don't lose heart, son. There _______(be) always a way out.
2. Everyone except Mike _______(be) going to play basketball because he doesn't like it.
3. Zhai Zhigang, together with Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu _______(have) returned from the space station safely.
4. The picture always _______(remind) me of my home far away.
5. —Shall we eat out or cook at home
—Either _______(be) OK for me. It's up to you.
is
is
has
reminds
is
6. Neither of Li Lei's parents ____________(work) in this place.
7. —This pair of shoes _______(look) cool. How much are they
—200 yuan.
8. Each of the rooms in the hotel _______(have) a computer and a telephone.
9. Chopsticks _______(be) used in many Asian countries, such as China, Japan and Vietnam.
10. Both Mrs. Liu's son and daughter _______(like) gardening. They have grown many flowers in their backyard.
work / works
looks
has
are
like
11. The Browns _______(be) going to visit Chengdu next Sunday.
12. My family _____________(enjoy) spending time together on the weekend.
13. Although it is raining now, the traffic police _______(be) still working outside.
14. Look! The class _______________(discuss) where they should go for their next class trip.
15. The blind usually _______(need) help and care, so we should try our best to help them.
are
enjoys / enjoy
are
are discussing
need