【专题核心】
(1)准确把握文章的篇章结构及文段的基本逻辑结构
(2)有效使用所学语言知识
【Learning aims】
1.To use the words and phrases freely in certain context.
2.To learn the methods of Error Correction.
Step One: Lead in.
How to find the bombs?
How to dig the bombs?
Step Two:命题特点:（10分，答题时间约10分钟）
短文改错重视检测考生对书面语篇的校验能力。语言材料通常为记叙文，取材于学生习作或类似学生的习作,是学生较熟悉或经历过的事情。篇章结构的难易程度符合学生的实际水平。语言明白易懂，基本上不涉及生僻的语言现象和繁难的语句结构，不在阅读上设置障碍。短文为100词左右，错误类型包括缺词、多词和错词。
高考考试说明规定：
短文改错的错误包括词法、句法、行文逻辑等，旨在测试考生发现、判断、纠正语篇错误的能力，考查考生在语篇中综合运用英语的能力。命题特点通常从以下几方面考虑：
1．考查学生对英语单词词形变化的理解。
2．考查学生受母语影响容易犯的错误的纠正能力。
3．估计考生可能出现的语法、句法、逻辑等错误校验能力。
解题步骤与方法点拨
（一）通读全文，掌握大意
改错题是考查考生在语篇中综合运用英语的能力。通读全文后才能把握全文的命脉，如文章体裁，时态主线，人物思想，主要情节等，才有可能找出时态错误，上下文逻辑错误等，切不可边读边做。
（二）整句理解，逐行推敲
通读全文之后，要细致地分析理解每一个完整的句子，错词可能出在某一行的第一词，也可能出在某一行的最后一词。读懂句子是复合句、并列句还是简单句？若是复合句，那就找出主从之间的从属连词，看看是否合乎逻辑，主从句的时态是否一致；若是并列句，那就看看有没有and, but, or, so等并列连词，并列连词的使用恰当吗？如果有错，需先改正；若是简单句，那么它属于五种基本句型中的哪一种呢？主、谓、宾、宾补基本结构是否有错。要遵循尽可能保持原意原则和尽可能少改动原则。
（三）复读全文，检查核对
1．要从全文着眼，核对改后的答案是否能使全文流畅，语言规范、准确。
2．核对改正的语法项目是否有重复。因为短文改错往往覆盖面广，一般不会出现重复考查某个语法点的现象。原文中每行改动只能改一词，答案也只能是一词。
3．核对答题符号是否规范，位置是否准确，看看有无遗漏符号，忽略字母大写等问题。
扫雷行动“二规范”
一、答题格式规范
(增、删、对、错符号规范)
二、卷面书写规范
(字母大、小写及书写规范)
扫雷行动“九一致”
一．时态一致
短文中谓语动词的时态要与上下文、特定语言环境及该句的时间状语保持一致。
1.I remembered her words and calm down.
2.Today, it is much easier to be healthy than it is in the past.
二．主谓一致
谓语动词在人称和数上要与主语保持一致.如：
Now my picture and the prize is hanging in the library.
三．平行一致
not only…but also, neither…nor…以及and, but, or等并列连词或词组连接的结构被称为平行结构。在此类结构中，词性时态等形式须保持前后一致。
1.It was very kind of them to meet me at the railway station and drove me to their home.
四．数的一致
名词的数须与其修饰语保持一致.如：
1.We study quite a few subject, such as maths, Chinese and so on.
2.They … asked me lots of question.
五．主饰一致
主饰一致即句中的主要词（中心词）应与其修饰词保持一致。 例如：
1. …so that I’ll get good marks in all my subject.
2. She said that she and my schoolmate all wished me success.
3.Unfortunate, there are too many people…
六. 指代一致
用于指代的各类代词应在数、格、性上与上下文保持一致。如：
1.The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.
2.I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China.
3.And I can’t forget the food you cooked for I.
七．语态一致
句中谓语动词应与上下文语态一致 .如：
Books may be keep for four weeks.
搭配一致
句中的固定搭配应保持完整并与上下文一 致。
1.I felt so nervous as I shook like a leaf.
2.I look forward to hear from you soon.
3.I have neither brothers nor sisters---in any other words, I am an only child
4. It was very kind for them to meet me at the railway station…
九．逻辑一致
这是一种隐蔽性较强且年年必考的错误，检查时应通篇考虑，重点在连词、代词、肯定与否定等。
She was smiling but nodding at me.
Step Three:扫雷实战体验
1) First correct your mistakes by yourself !
2) Second have a discussion with your partners in your group.
3) Present your answers!
When I was in junior middle school, my English teacher pay close attention to me because my poor English. After each test she always told me in regret what I failed in the exam again. Although I had been studying English hardly, many words and grammar rules always confused with me. He told me how to reduce the trouble and equip myself with knowledges. Thanks for her help, I finally got rid of thetrouble. I was really content with my English. I’m convincing that she is a good teacher.
Step Four:Consolidation.
Do the exercises in the paper(Passage one and two).
Step Five: Homework.
Do the left exercises in your paper.
课件20张PPT。 扫雷行动
---短文改错专项训练 人教版高三英语下册扫雷行动如何进行？How to find the bombs?
How to dig the bombs?Learning aims:【专题核心】
(1)准确把握文章的篇章结构及文段的基本逻辑结构
(2)有效使用所学语言知识
【Learning aims】
1.To use the words and phrases freely in certain context.
2.To learn the methods of Error Correction. 命题特点:（10分，答题时间约10分钟）
短文改错重视检测考生对书面语篇的校验能力。语言材料通常为记叙文，取材于学生习作或类似学生的习作,是学生较熟悉或经历过的事情。篇章结构的难易程度符合学生的实际水平。语言明白易懂，基本上不涉及生僻的语言现象和繁难的语句结构，不在阅读上设置障碍。短文为100词左右，错误类型包括缺词、多词和错词。
高考考试说明规定：
短文改错的错误包括词法、句法、行文逻辑等，旨在测试考生发现、判断、纠正语篇错误的能力，考查考生在语篇中综合运用英语的能力。命题特点通常从以下几方面考虑：
1．考查学生对英语单词词形变化的理解。
2．考查学生受母语影响容易犯的错误的纠正能力。
3．估计考生可能出现的语法、句法、逻辑等错误校验能力。解题步骤与方法点拨
（一）通读全文，掌握大意
改错题是考查考生在语篇中综合运用英语的能力。通读全文后才能把握全文的命脉，如文章体裁，时态主线，人物思想，主要情节等，才有可能找出时态错误，上下文逻辑错误等，切不可边读边做。
（二）整句理解，逐行推敲
通读全文之后，要细致地分析理解每一个完整的句子，错词可能出在某一行的第一词，也可能出在某一行的最后一词。读懂句子是复合句、并列句还是简单句？若是复合句，那就找出主从之间的从属连词，看看是否合乎逻辑，主从句的时态是否一致；若是并列句，那就看看有没有and, but, or, so等并列连词，并列连词的使用恰当吗？如果有错，需先改正；若是简单句，那么它属于五种基本句型中的哪一种呢？主、谓、宾、宾补基本结构是否有错。要遵循尽可能保持原意原则和尽可能少改动原则。
（三）复读全文，检查核对
1．要从全文着眼，核对改后的答案是否能使全文流畅，语言规范、准确。
2．核对改正的语法项目是否有重复。因为短文改错往往覆盖面广，一般不会出现重复考查某个语法点的现象。原文中每行改动只能改一词，答案也只能是一词。
3．核对答题符号是否规范，位置是否准确，看看有无遗漏符号，忽略字母大写等问题。
扫雷行动“二规范”一、答题格式规范
(增、删、对、错符号规范)
二、卷面书写规范
(字母大、小写及书写规范)
1.短文改错中的错误分为语法错误和逻辑错误两种。
(1) 语法错误：包括动词的语态、时态、非谓语形式；可数名词的单复数、不可数名词 ；形容词和副词的用法区别以及固定结构等。
(2)逻辑错误：其单个句子的语法结构一般是正确的，但所表达意思和上下文不符，因此，只有根据上下文的行文逻辑去判断。此类错误往往较难发现。
2. 多词：主要出现在冠词、介词、连词、助动词、语义重复或行文逻辑等方面。
少词：主要出现在冠词(名词前)、介词(不及物动词后或固定结构中)、助动词、不定式符号、连词、语义不完整等方面。
错词：主要出现在冠词、介词、连词、助动词、名词的单复数、动词时态或语态、非谓语动词、主谓一致关系和词类等方面。
扫雷行动“二特点”扫雷行动“九一致”一．时态一致
短文中谓语动词的时态要与上下文、特定语言环境及该句的时间状语保持一致。
1.I remembered her words and calm down.
2.Today, it is much easier to be healthy than it is in the past.
二．主谓一致
谓语动词在人称和数上要与主语保持一致.如：
Now my picture and the prize is hanging in the library.
_____calmed__wasare__扫雷行动“九一致” 三．平行一致
not only…but also, neither…nor…以及and, but, or等并列连词或词组连接的结构被称为平行结构。在此类结构中，词性时态等形式须保持前后一致。
1.It was very kind of them to meet me at the railway station and drove me to their home.
drive______扫雷行动“九一致”四．数的一致
名词的数须与其修饰语保持一致.如： 1.We study quite a few subject, such as maths, Chinese and so on.
2.They … asked me lots of question.
__________subjects____________questions扫雷行动“九一致” 五．主饰一致
主饰一致即句中的主要词（中心词）应与其修饰词保持一致。 例如：
1. …so that I’ll get good marks in all my subject.
2. She said that she and my schoolmate all wished me
success.
3.Unfortunate, there are too many people…
_________subjects_____________schoolmates_______________Unfortunately扫雷行动“九一致”六. 指代一致
用于指代的各类代词应在数、格、性上与上下文保持一致。如： 1.The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.
2.I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China.
3.And I can’t forget the food you cooked for I.
七．语态一致
句中谓语动词应与上下文语态一致 .如：
Books may be keep for four weeks____their______which___me____kept扫雷行动“九一致”八．搭配一致
句中的固定搭配应保持完整并与上下文一 致。
1.I felt so nervous as I shook like a leaf.
2.I look forward to hear from you soon.
3.I have neither brothers nor sisters---in any other words, I am an only child
4. It was very kind for them to meet me at the railway station…
that_________hearing____of扫雷行动“九一致”九．逻辑一致
这是一种隐蔽性较强且年年必考的错误，检查时应通篇考虑，重点在连词、代词、肯定与否定等。
1.She was smiling but nodding at me.
_____and 扫雷小组在行动
When I was in junior middle school, my English teacher pay close attention to me because my poor English. After each test she always told me in regret what I failed in the exam again. Although I had been studying English hardly, many words and grammar rules always confused with me. He told me how to reduce the trouble and equip myself with knowledges. Thanks for her help, I finally got rid of the trouble. I was really content with my English. I’m convincing that she is a good teacher.
paidwiththat She knowledgeto ofhardconvinced__________________________________________________________ 巩固训练
Exercises in the paper
(Passage one and two).动词形，名词数，
还要注意形和副；
非谓语，细辨别，
代词格，细领悟；
介词短语常常考，
习惯用法要记住；
句子成分多分析，
逻辑错误需关注；
冠词、连词常光顾技巧归纳：短文改错技巧顺口记： Homework Do the left exercises in your paper.
(1)
When I was in junior middle school, my English teacher pay close attention to me because my poor English. After each test she always told me in regret what I failed in the exam again. Although I had been studying English hardly, many words and grammar rules always confused with me. He told me how to reduce the trouble and equip myself with knowledges. Thanks for her help, I finally got rid of the trouble. I was really content with my English. I’m convincing that she is a good teacher.
(2)
When an English traveler, who spent a few week in Sweden, was about to return to home, he found he had only enough money left to get a ticket to England. Since it was only two-day voyage, he believed he can get home without eating anything. He final bought a ticket with that little money and went to board the ship. He closed his ears to the sound of the lunch bell or refused to go to the place where people had his dinner when dinnertime came. Therefore, he couldn’t stand this any longer and went to the dining hall, enjoy the last meal on the ship. He then said, “Waiter, brings me the bill.” “Oh, meals are included in the ticket,” said the waiter.
(3)
You cannot imagine what a dream I had last night. I dreamed that I took part in a race. At first, I could not to run very fast and fell behind. So I didn’t lose heart and kept run. All the students in the playground cheer me on, “Come on!” I was so encouraged that I ran faster and fast till I caught up all the other runners. I felt as if I were flying like a superman. In an end, I got to the finishing line first. I won the race. I felt very proudly of myself. Many of my classmate threw up into the air. Just at that time, I woke up and found me still in bed!
这堂短文改错专题讲评课，准备的比较匆忙，所以里面有些瑕疵，但总体来说感觉还是比较满意的。尤其是对于课堂的构思这部分。我把短改中的改正错误跟同学们喜欢玩的扫雷游戏联系起来，同学们对于短改练习的枯燥感一扫而光，马上表现出了浓厚的兴趣。不过在练习的过程中也发现了一些问题。学生们的一些基础知识，尤其是一些词的用法掌握的不扎实，导致他们在做题的过程中发现不了错误而改不出来。再一点就是不能从整篇文章整个句子上去看待问题，不会正确的分析句子结构。所以，光有兴趣还是不够的，还需要加大英语原文正确语言的阅读量，扩大和加深它们在大脑中的存储量，进而培养学生发现、判断错误的能力。另一方面，还要加强语言基本功的训练，注意英语词汇和语法的学习，更要注意语篇知识的学习，了解构成篇章的结构、反映其内在的逻辑关系及文章的含义的各种手段。
