外研版高中英语必修第三册Unit 2 Making a difference Section Ⅱ Using language课件

(共51张PPT)
主题语境：公益事业与志愿服务
过去分词(短语)作定语
[教材原句]
①As a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy，Ryan had trouble believing the words spoken by his teacher that many people in developing African countries couldn't get enough clean water.
②In Uganda，Ryan at last saw the finished well with his own eyes.
③He also saw hundreds of delighted students who had turned out to welcome him.
④Many inspired people gave him their support.
⑤This insight grew from the determined attitude of a six-year-old boy who had the courage and perseverance to make his dream a reality.
[我的发现]
上述各句中的黑体部分都是________，它们在句中作____，句②③④⑤的单个过去分词放在了被修饰词的_____；而句①的过去分词短语放在了被修饰词的____。
过去分词
定语
前面
后面
一、过去分词(短语)作定语时的位置
1.一般情况下，单个的过去分词作前置定语，即放在被修饰词之前。
*The polluted water was to blame for the spread of the disease.
被污染的水造成了这种疾病的传播。
|温馨提示|
有些表示特定含义的过去分词单独作定语时，也可放在被修饰的名词之后，如left(剩余的)、given(所给的)、concerned(有关的)等。
*There's little time left.Let's hurry up.
剩余的时间不多了。我们快点儿吧。
2.过去分词短语作定语时往往作后置定语，即放在被修饰词之后，可用定语从句替代。
* The book published ten years ago is still a best-seller today.
＝The book which was published ten years ago is still a best-seller today.
十年前出版的这本书现在仍然是一本畅销书。
[即时演练1]　单句语法填空
(1)(2025·全国二卷)If you've never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt ___ (leave) to sun for a day，well，you're missing out on one of life's wonders.
(2)(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Two years later，a six-meter-tall pavilion，_______ (inspire) by The Peony Pavilion，was built at the Firs Garden，just ten minutes' walk from Shakespeare's birthplace.
(3)(2024·浙江卷1月)Over the last two years，some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs _______(design) with two halves containing separate portions (份).
left
inspired
designed
(4)(2023·全国乙卷)From Buddhist temples to museums，narrow hutong to royal palaces，it is home to more than 3，000 years of glorious history even down to its layout，with the city keeping its carefully ____ (build) system of ring roads.
(5)(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)They surveyed several hundred park-goers，asking them to submit a ______ (write) summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park.
built
written
二、过去分词(短语)作定语的意义
1.及物动词的过去分词作定语时，在语态上表示被动，在时间上常表示动作已经发生或完成，有时只表示被动。
*The plan put forward at the meeting will be carried out soon.(表示完成和被动)
会上提出的这项计划将很快被执行。
*He is a teacher respected by all the students.(只表示被动)
他是一位受所有学生尊敬的老师。
2.不及物动词的过去分词作定语时，不表示被动意义，只强调动作完成。
*The risen sun is shining brightly in the morning.
早晨，升起的太阳正明亮地照耀着。
*When I woke up the next morning，I found the ground was covered with fallen leaves.
我第二天早上醒来时发现地面被落叶覆盖了。
[即时演练2]　单句语法填空
(1)(2023·全国甲卷)Behind the simple style，however，is a serious message ________
(intend) for everyone.
(2)With _____ (fall) leaves buried in the earth every year，the soil becomes richer and richer.
(3)Mr White showed his students some old maps _________ (borrow) from the library.
intended
fallen
borrowed
三、不同非谓语动词形式作定语的区别
语法 形式 意义
动词-ing形
式作定语 doing　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 表示主动动作正在进行；表示经常性的动作或现在(当时)的状态
being done 表示被动动作正在进行
过去分词
作定语 done 表示被动、完成或者被动动作已经完成
动词不定式
作定语 to do 表示主动动作将要发生
to be done 表示被动动作将要发生
*The problem being discussed at the meeting is very important.(表示被动动作正在进行)
会议上正在讨论的问题非常重要。
*The problem discussed at the meeting is very important.(表示被动动作已完成)
会议上讨论的问题非常重要。
*The problem to be discussed at the meeting is very important.(表示被动动作将要发生)
会议上将要讨论的问题非常重要。
|温馨提示|
表示情感或心理状态的过去分词已经形容词化，常见的这类过去分词有：disappointed(失望的)、frightened(害怕的)、puzzled(困惑的)、shocked(震惊的)、moved(感动的)等。
*When asked whether to give up or not，she said nothing but gave me a determined look.
当被问及是否要放弃时，她什么也没说，只是坚定地看了我一眼。
*Seeing me approaching，the frightened rabbit immediately escaped into the bushes.
看到我走近，受惊的兔子立即逃到灌木丛中。
[即时演练3]　单句语法填空
(1)(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)We see scenes of children _______ (learn) to read at home or at school，with the book as a focus for relations between the generations.
(2)Earth Day，______ (mark) on 22 April，is an annual event ______ (aim) to raise public awareness about environmental protection.
(3)Standing at the top of Mount Tai and watching the _____(rise) sun，we felt a strong sense of pride.
(4)The express company promises all the items ______(order) online can be delivered in 24 hours.
(5)The sports meet _________(hold) next Friday is expected to attract a large number of participants from various schools in the city.
learning
marked
aiming
rising
ordered
to be held
1.hesitate v.迟疑，犹豫(→hesitation n.踌躇，犹豫)
[教材原句]　She's usually very shy，but she's generous and never hesitates to help.她通常很害羞，但很慷慨，在帮助别人时从不犹豫。
(1)hesitate to do sth　　　 迟疑做某事；不愿做某事
hesitate about/over (doing) sth 对(做)某事犹豫不决
(2)without hesitation 毫不犹豫地
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①When seeing the drowning girl struggling in the river，he jumped into it to save her without ________ (hesitate).(读后续写之动作描写)
②(北师大必修三U7)The audience did not hesitate _________(applaud) loudly as the famous composer walked out onto the stage for the first time in 12 years.
③我犹豫了一会儿，揣摩如何掩饰内心的尴尬。
I ___________________，wondering how to hide my inner embarrassment.(读后续写之心理描写)
hesitation
to applaud
hesitated for a moment
2.come up with 想出，提出(主意、答案等)
[教材原句]　He often comes up with good ideas.
他经常提出一些好的想法。
put up with　　　　　 容忍
keep up with 跟上
catch up with 赶上
end up with 以……结束
[即学即练]　用“动词＋up＋with”型短语填空
①The modern society has been developing very fast.Every country must ___________the time.
②Smell flowers before you go to sleep，and you may just __________sweet dreams.
③I hope you can ____________a better idea because the team members are not satisfied with the existing solution at all.
④I can't __________her any longer because she always interrupts me when I'm speaking and never listens to my opinions.
keep up with
end up with
come up with
put up with
3.assistance n.帮助，援助(→assist v.帮助→assistant n.助手，助理；售货员)
[教材原句]　In China，volunteers are also playing an increasingly important role in environmental protection，disability assistance and many other fields.在中国，志愿者也在环境保护、伤残救助以及许多其他领域中起着越来越重要的作用。
(1)with the assistance of... 在……的帮助下
come to sb's assistance 帮助某人
(2)assist sb with sth/in (doing) sth 帮助某人(做)某事
assist sb to do sth 帮助某人做某事
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Nobody is more concerned about us than our parents，who are willing to come to our ________ (assist) whenever we are in trouble.
②(2024·全国甲卷)I was very impressed by the doctors and their ________(assist) working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned.
③我希望您能帮助学生更多地了解英国和西方文化，这能增进我们的了解并有助于我们建立良好的关系。
I hope you can _________________________________________England and Western culture，which can increase our understanding and help build good relationships between us.(应用文写作之求助信)
assistance
assistants
assist the students to learn/in learning more about
(满分：74.5分)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分)
1.According to the report，people in the ______(flood) areas are rebuilding their homes and many roads leading to the areas have been repaired.
2.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Shanghai may be the _________(recognize) home of the soup dumplings，but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring ancient canal town of Nanxiang as xiao long bao's birthplace.
3.The tower __________ (build) now in the distance will be completed next year and is expected to attract a large number of tourists.
4.The meeting _________ (hold) next Monday aims to deal with the problem related to students' mental health.
flooded
recognized
being built
to be held
5.There were many people ______(wait) at the bus stop，and some of them looked very anxious.
6.China became the third country in the world ______(send) humans into space independently.
7.Having retired from business，he now occupies himself with the welfare of the _______ (disable) and lives a meaningful life.
8.I would like to convey my heartfelt appreciation to you for your kind _________ (assist) in my English learning.
9.He has many admirable qualities，such as loyalty，honesty，_________ (generous) and bravery.
10.A man rushed to the girl immediately to give her first aid and I joined him without ________(hesitate).
waiting
to send
disabled
assistance
generosity
hesitation
Ⅱ.完成句子(每小题3分，共12分)
1.当看到所发生的事情时，他的脸上露出了惊讶的表情。
There was ________________________when he saw what had happened.
2.约翰不能参加现在正在举行的聚会，因为他正在准备下周的英语演讲比赛。
John can't __________________________because he's preparing for the English speaking competition next week.
3.所有从图书馆借的书都必须在下周六之前归还。
_________________________________must be returned before next Saturday.
4.那边将要建造的房子是由一位著名建筑师设计的，将于今年年底完工。
___________________________is designed by a famous architect，which will be completed by the end of this year.
a surprised look on his face
attend the party being held now
All the books borrowed from the library
The house to be built over there
Ⅲ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分)
A
Two Canadian cyclists are riding 8，000 kilometers across Canada with an important task.These great riders have Parkinson's disease (帕金森氏病) and during their tour，they are helping others with Parkinson's to get on their bikes and rediscover freedom and joy.
Steve Iseman and Jim Redmond started their bike tour on June 25，2022，in Victoria，British Columbia.They are receiving support and help on the way by friends Mike and Loghrin and his wife Darlene.
Iseman and Redmond were both fit before they were diagnosed (诊断) with early Parkinson's disease and decided to keep active and push themselves.This is the message they wish to convey to those 100，000 Canadians who have also been diagnosed.
Nine out of ten Canadians with Parkinson's are short of support and live in silence and alone.As the number of those diagnosed is increasing each year，this brave team wants to give these people confidence.On August 2，the riders were in Thunder Bay，Ontario，over halfway through their three-month ride.They are being interviewed by local news stations along the way，hoping to get the word out and to raise money for research.
Both Iseman and Redmond had to work hard to feel happiness on the bike.“When I got on a bike it was like lightning struck.Although I was not fast，I felt like I was fast and，more importantly，I felt free，” Redmond explained.
The two Canadians want to inspire others to do the same.To ride with Parkinson's，people may have to make a few changes，but the rewards are boundless，being great for mind，body，and feelings.“I can now cycle again.I go as fast as I can，play in the wind，conquer hills，and race with no finish line.The joy is back，” said Iseman.
[解题导语]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了两名患有早期帕金森病的人为了激励更多的帕金森患者和筹集资金，开始了漫长的骑行。
1.How did Iseman and Redmond feel when diagnosed with early Parkinson's disease
A.They were upset.
B.They were doubtful.
C.They were positive.
D.They suffered a lot.
解析　C　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Iseman and Redmond were both fit...keep active and push themselves.”可知，确诊后两人都很乐观积极。
2.What is the present situation of people with Parkinson's in Canada
A.They are lonely.
B.They are homeless.
C.They are well cared for.
D.They are short of money.
解析　A　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Nine out of ten Canadians...live in silence and alone.”可知，加拿大的帕金森患者的现状是他们很孤独。
3.Why did Iseman and Redmond keep being interviewed
A.To become famous.
B.To collect money for research.
C.To increase confidence.
D.To attract more bike riders.
解析　B　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“They are being interviewed...to raise money for research.”可知，他们不断接受采访是为了给研究筹集资金。
4.What does the underlined word “boundless” in the last paragraph mean
A.Unnoticed. B.Unofficial.
C.Unknown. D.Unlimited.
解析　D　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的“being great for mind，body，and feelings”可知，回报是无限的，对思想、身体和情感都有好处。因此，画线词boundless意为“无限的”，与D项意思一致。
B
When you buy something for yourself，you probably spend hours shopping around for the best deal on the highest quality product.Some of you may even desire to know how a brand operates as a company.However，when we donate money to one of the countless charities out there，most of us don't conduct such research.We have absolutely no idea about where that money goes，what it buys or who it helps.At least that is the case for the majority of charities.Perhaps you should start to take a greater interest in the winding path that your charitable donations take，because many of them may lead to dead ends.
You really should ask the question：will my donation to this charity actually help the people or cause？Sometimes it makes matters worse.For example，many charities help African people install water pumps to deliver clean water to their communities.Money has been invested over the past 20 years to install a total of 60，000 pumps across Sub-Saharan Africa.However，today 40% of those have failed to work at some point.They have been left there，like expensive but useless decorations.
One of the least effective means of giving is when charity sends endless shipping containers full of material goods to underdeveloped nations.For instance，Kenya imports more than 100，000 tons of clothes from global charities each year.The issue is that these mountains of regularly imported clothes have completely destroyed local textile industries，which have previously supported local economies.
Ultimately，to whom and how much you give is your choice.It is important to provide highly specialized services instead of material goods.As a general rule of thumb，the more your donation matches the need of the receivers，the better it will be for the long-term prosperity of those you want to help.
[解题导语]　本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了慈善捐助应该符合被捐赠者的需要，这样才算是真正有帮助的捐助。
5.What do most people do when they donate
A.They keep track of their donations.
B.They neglect the process of charities.
C.They select products of highest quality.
D.They do research on application of funds.
解析　B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“We have absolutely no idea about...for the majority of charities.”可知，许多人捐款的时候并不知道捐的钱去了哪里，买了什么，帮助了谁等，即忽视了慈善的过程。
6.Why is the example of water pumps mentioned in paragraph 2
A.To stress effective giving.
B.To illustrate a fault investment.
C.To confirm a charitable failure.
D.To complain the pumps' quality.
解析　C　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“You really should ask the question...Sometimes it makes matters worse.”可知，慈善机构的捐款有时会让事情变得更糟，由此可推知，下文列举了慈善机构帮助非洲安装水泵的例子，是为了证实有些慈善捐款是失败的。
7.Which view will the author most probably agree with
A.Donations should meet local demands.
B.Ineffective charities must be abandoned.
C.Material goods can boost textile industry.
D.Specialized services turn out satisfactory.
解析　A　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“As a general rule of thumb...those you want to help.”可知，在作者看来，捐款应该迎合接受者的需求。
8.Which is the best title for the passage
A.Has Your Donation Hit a Dead End
B.Why Should You Make a Donation
C.Where Does My Donation Take Its Way
D.Will My Donation to Charity Really Help
解析　D　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要论述了慈善捐助应该符合被捐赠者的需要，并以此展开讨论。因此，D项最适合作为文章标题。
Ⅳ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分)
When you think about people who have made the world a better place，you probably think of famous scientists or great leaders.That is not all the truth. 1 An act of kindness can bring a smile to a person's face even if only for a moment.
Give away your money. 2 For example，if you want to help hungry children，you can try to find a foundation that provides food for those in poor areas.Every cent you give away will mean a lot.
Help a stranger.Your small actions can brighten the day of others.Hold the door for someone whose hands are full.Help the blind cross the street. 3 The key is expecting nothing in return for your acts of kindness.
Care about those you know.Show the people close to you how much you care about them.Tell them they mean a lot to you.Make a beautiful gift for a friend.Take your husband to his favourite fun place if he has had a hard week. 4
Be grateful to others.Have you had good service in a restaurant？Thank the waiter.Do you have a very good neighbour who offers you assistance whenever you need her？Tell her how much you appreciate her being in your life.
5 If a friend needs skills in a certain area，offer your advice.Perhaps she is struggling to set up a computer，and you know how to do that.Offer whatever ability you have，but always remember to be polite.
A.Keep walking forward.
B.Share your knowledge.
C.Small steps，not big ones.
D.Give your seat on the bus to an old man.
E.Choose a charity that has meaning for you.
F.Tell your children how much they mean to you.
G.Ordinary people like you and me can also make a contribution.
[解题导语]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些我们普通人可以做到的、使世界变得更美好的小事。
1.G　根据上文“When you think about people...That is not all the truth.”可知使世界变得更美好的并不一定是多么伟大的人，G项“像你和我这样的普通人也能做出贡献”承接上文，说明我们普通人也可以做到。
2.E　下文“For example，if you want to help...for those in poor areas.”举例建议可以找一个基金会帮助饥饿的儿童，E项“选择一个对你有意义的慈善机构”符合语境，E项中的“a charity”和下文中的“a foundation”呼应。
3.D　上文“Hold the door for someone whose hands are full.Help the blind cross the street.”举例建议做一些日常好事，D项“在公共汽车上把座位让给一位老人”承接上文，继续列举帮助别人的好事，符合语境。
4.F　上文“Make a beautiful gift...he has had a hard week.”举例建议要善待家人和朋友，F项“告诉你的孩子们他们对你来说有多么重要”承接上文，继续建议善待自己的孩子(家人)。
5.B　设空处位于段首，结合第二、三、四、五段的段首主旨句可知，此处应选祈使句。下文“If a friend needs skills in a certain area，offer your advice.”建议在技能方面帮助别人，B项“分享你的知识”引领下文，B项中的“knowledge”和下文中的“skills”呼应。
Ⅴ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分)
It's Global Youth Service Day，the largest youth service and citizen movement in the world and the only one that celebrates the contributions 1. (make) by all youth aging from 5 to 25 through service.
The Youth Engagement Team of United Way of Central Indiana is taking 2. (act) to advance the common benefits.When members found out that a small，rural town about 30 minutes northwest of Indianapolis，had the 3. (high) percentage of financially stressed households in the area，they decided to do something about it.Since the town doesn't have a public library，the team built a little free library，and prepared 100 snack bags with notes of encouraging words inside for kids involved in the after-school program We All Matter.The 4. (child) will receive not only food for 5. (they) bodies，but food for their minds as well，as the team is also donating books 6. (get) the library up and running.
Serving 7. a young age promotes healthy lifestyles and choices，teaches life skills，8. (improve) the community and encourages lifelong moral rules of giving.Are you ready to join youth like these in making 9. difference？Youth Service America offers excellent resources and your local United Way can point youth to the people and places 10. need your support.
[解题导语]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了全球青年服务日。
1.made　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作后置定语，应用非谓语形式，contributions与make之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词形式。
2.action　考查名词。take action to do sth为固定搭配，意为“采取行动做某事”。
3.highest　考查形容词最高级。根据上文中的定冠词the及语境可知，空处应用形容词最高级，表示“最高的”。
4.children　考查名词的单复数。根据上文的kids及语境可知，空处应用名词复数。
5.their　考查代词。分析句子结构可知，空处作定语，修饰bodies，表示“他们的”，应用形容词性物主代词。
6.to get　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构并结合语境可知，此处在句中作目的状语，空处应用动词不定式。
7.at　考查介词。at a young age为固定搭配，意为“在年轻时”。
8.improves　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构以及根据promotes，teaches和encourages可知，此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时；且动名词短语作主语，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。
9.a　考查冠词。make a difference为固定搭配，意为“有影响，起作用”。
10.that　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词people and places，先行词既包含人又包含物，应用关系代词that。