外研版高中英语必修第三册Unit 3 The world of science Section Ⅱ Using language课件

(共50张PPT)
主题语境：科学发展与科学精神
现在完成时的被动语态
[教材原句]
①I guess you have been asked about the title of your book before.
②In addition，important advances have been made in medicine and environmental science thanks to increasing computer power.
③New inventions like 3D printers have been used to make replacement hearts and bone parts.
④Nothing like this has been invented yet and I'd say we're a long way from an invention like that at the moment!
[我的发现]
上述各句中的黑体部分都是___________的被动语态，它们的谓语部分都是由 “______________________”构成的。
现在完成时
have/has been＋过去分词
现在完成时的被动语态强调过去的动作对现在产生的影响或造成的结果，主语为动作的承受者，表示“……已经被……”。
一、现在完成时的被动语态的构成
肯定式 主语＋have/has been done...
否定式 主语＋have/has not been done...
一般疑问式 Have/Has＋主语＋been done...？
特殊疑问式 特殊疑问词＋have/has＋主语＋been done...？
*The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history.It was built originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored.
西安城墙是中国悠久历史上现存最完整的城墙。它最初是在唐朝时为护城而建，现已完全修复。
* The computers donated by the workers have not been transported to that school yet.
工人们捐赠的电脑还未被送到那所学校。
*Has the date for the next meeting been decided
下次会议的日期确定了吗？
*How long has the machine been used
这台机器使用多久了？
[即时演练1]　单句语法填空
(1)(2023·全国甲卷)Carson proves that a simple literary form that _____________(pass) down through the ages can still be employed today to draw attention to important truths.
(2)With the development of AI，great improvements in public health _______________
(bring) about by advances in medical science.
(3)We won't start the work until all the preparations _____________(make) to ensure a smooth and efficient process.
(4)A lot of survivors _______________ (rescue) by the soldiers in that area where the earthquake broke out since yesterday.
has been passed
have been brought
have been made
have been rescued
二、现在完成时的被动语态的用法
1.表示被动的动作在说话前已经完成，强调过去的动作对现在产生的影响或造成的结果，通常与already、yet、never、recently等副词及时间状语so far、by now、up till now、for a long time、in recent years、in/during/over the last/past...years等连用。
*In spite of his disability，he has been awarded three golden medals in the last five years.
尽管他有残疾，但在过去的五年中他获得了三枚金牌。
2.表示被动的动作或状态从过去开始一直持续到现在，并可能继续下去，常与for或since等引导的时间状语(从句)连用，或用于how long引导的句子中。
*The bridge has been built for two years.
这座桥已经建了两年了。(可能还会继续建造)
*How long has this film been shown
这部电影已经放映多长时间了？
3.用于时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已经完成的动作，即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。
*You shouldn't leave school before your homework has been finished.
在你的作业没有完成之前，你不应该离开学校。
[即时演练2]　单句语法填空
(1)(2022·全国乙卷)Since April drinks companies ______________(force) to pay between 18p and 24p for every litre of sugary drink they produce or import，depending on the sugar content.
(2)Due to her excellent work，so far she _____________ (choose) as the “model teacher” several times.
(3)We won't start the work until all the preparations ______________(make).
(4)Over the past three years，the paintings _____________(take) to more than 20 museums in the world.
have been forced
has been chosen
have been made
have been taken
1.beyond prep.无法……；超出(某个数量、水平或限度)；晚于，迟于
[教材原句]　Within the next 80 years，our lives may be changed beyond recognition by 3D printing.未来80年，3D打印技术可能会使我们的生活变得无法想象。
beyond recognition　 面目全非；无法辨认
beyond description (用语言)无法形容
beyond belief 令人难以置信
beyond compare 无与伦比
beyond one's control 超出某人的控制
beyond one's power 超出某人的能力
beyond one's reach 在某人够不到的地方/某人力所不能及的
[即学即练]　补全句子
①The town has changed _______________(认不出来了) since I was here last time.
②The natural beauty of West Lake is _______________(用语言无法形容)，which attracts a great number of visitors every year.
③There was nothing we could do about it—the situation was _________________(无法控制).A wave of desperation swept over us.(读后续写之情绪描写)
beyond recognition
beyond description
beyond (our) control
2.significant adj.重要的，影响深远的(→significance n.意义，重要性；意思，含义→significantly adv.显著地；明显地)
[教材原句]　But perhaps the most significant success that people have achieved to date is in medicine.但也许迄今为止人们取得的最重大的成功是在医学方面。
(1)be significant for　　　 对……是重要的
It is significant that... 很明显……
(2)be of (great/no/little) significance/importance to...
对……(很/不)重要
attach (great) significance to... (很)重视……；认为……(很)重要
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/词汇升级
①The expert thinks that schools should attach significance ___students' all-round development rather than only their grades.
②(2025·全国一卷)Now，new research suggests that a simple，cheap measure may ___________(significant) reduce the level of microplastics in water from your tap (水龙头)：boiling and filtering (过滤) it.
③World Oceans Day was set up to make people aware that protecting the oceans is very important.
→World Oceans Day was set up to make people aware that protecting the oceans_________
____________________.(应用文写作之倡议书)
to
significantly
is of great significance/importance
3.cure n.药剂；疗法；措施 vt.治愈；解决；改掉(坏习惯)
[教材原句]　Currently，there's no cure for Alzheimer's，but scientists are researching ways to improve the quality of life for people living with the disease.目前，阿尔茨海默病还没有治愈的方法，但是科学家们正在研究改善阿尔茨海默病患者生活质量的方法。
(1)a cure for...　　 ……的治疗方法；解决……问题的措施
(2)cure sb of sth 治愈某人的(某种疾病)；改正某人的(不良行为)
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①I hold the firm belief that scientists will find a cure ___cancer sooner or later.
②Thanks to the help of the expert，he was cured ___the terrible disease successfully.
③在父母和老师的帮助下，杰克改正了一些不良的学习习惯，并在学业上取得了进步。
With the help of his parents and teachers，Jack ___________________________________
and made progress in his study.(读后续写之细节描写)
for
of
cured himself of some bad learning habits
[名师点津]　与cure sb of sth结构相似的短语：
①rob sb of sth　　　　 抢劫某人的某物
②inform sb of sth 通知某人某事
③remind sb of sth 使某人想起某事
④warn sb of sth 警告某人某事
(满分：77.5分)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分)
1.She has achieved success in writing，and has completed a large number of works，which _________________(translate) into forty languages so far.
2.Customers are asked to make sure that they _____________ (give) the right change before leaving the shop.
3.The traditional festival，which ________________(observe) for 2，000 years，shouldn't be ignored by any of us.
4.Professor Yang，along with his two students，_____________ (invite) to the film festival twice so far.
have been translated
have been given
has been observed
has been invited
5.Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money-making jobs they _________________ (promise) before leaving their hometowns.
6.By now 516 Confucius Institutes ________________(found) in 142 countries and regions，according to the Confucius Institute Headquarters.
7.Great changes __________ (take) place and a lot of factories have been set up there in the past ten years.
8.In the past ten years，it has puzzled the doctors whether the new drug has great ___________(significant) for treatment of the disease.
have been promised
have been founded
have taken
significance
9.The sports meeting，which was _________(original) scheduled for last Friday，was finally delayed because of the bad weather.
10.The car accident left several people _______(injure)，including two children，who were immediately taken to the nearest hospital for medical attention.
originally
injured
Ⅱ.完成句子(每小题3分，共15分)
1.自2024年以来，我们学校取得了很大的进步，发生了很大的变化。
With a lot of progress made，great changes ___________________________since 2024.
2.由于网上提供的各种服务，到目前为止，我的生活在很多方面都被改变了。
With all sorts of services provided online，my life _______________in many ways so far.
3.我们的教室已经被打扫过了，因此你现在没有必要再打扫了。
Our classroom ______________so you needn't clean it again now.
have taken place in our school
has been changed
has been cleaned,
4.在过去的十年间，“中国速度”已经被赋予了新的含义，反映了我们国家的快速发展和技术进步。
“China speed” ____________new meanings in the past decade，reflecting our country's rapid development and technological progress.
5.运动会已经推迟到下周五了吗？如果是这样，我们需要调整我们的时间表。
______________________________until next Friday？If so，we need to adjust our schedules.
has been given
Has the sports meeting been put off
Ⅲ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分)
A
Kids and science seem to be made for each other!
The basic science is a combination of thought and experiment called the scientific method.It's where you start with an idea，create a way to prove or disprove your idea，and show what you learned based on facts.Learning to follow this process helps you think logically and carefully.These important thinking skills can be used in many areas of study.To give a child practice with these thinking skills is like giving vitamins to a developing mind.
One of the greatest things we can teach our children is to love learning.Learning science is a great way to do so.Children are easy to be interested in science.Because much of science is hands-on，it attracts most children.Nothing makes a child sit up and take notice like the “WOW！” of a great science showing.
Science opens doors to many subjects at school.Building love for science can be helpful in other areas of study.For example，one cannot love science for very long without becoming good at its language-math！So science encourages children to study math.An interest in science is an interest in how things were once understood compared to how they are understood now.Thus studying science lends itself easily to studying history.And after you do an experiment，you need to write a lab report.Therefore，writing becomes an important part of science.
Science is the basic thing for much of our life.The science of farming shows how our food is produced；biomedical science keeps us healthy；even our beds these days are designed according to scientific facts.We almost eat，sleep and breathe with the help of science！When we prepare the next generation of voters，creators and policy makers，it is important to make sure they are not only comfortable but also good at science.
[解题导语]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了孩子学习科学的重要性和各种益处。
1.According to paragraph 2，what does learning the scientific method mean to kids
A.Learning to do experiments.
B.Learning many areas of study.
C.Helping them develop thinking skills.
D.Refusing any ideas that are not logical.
解析　C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Learning to follow this process helps you think logically and carefully.”可知，学习科学方法意味着帮助孩子们发展思维能力。
2.Which of the following statements would the author agree with
A.Science is too difficult for children.
B.Children usually consider science boring.
C.Science can arouse children's interest in learning.
D.Children who are careless shouldn't learn science.
解析　C　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“One of the greatest things...it attracts most children.”可推知，作者认为科学可以激发孩子们的学习兴趣。
3.What happens to a child who works hard at science at school
A.He usually has no time for other subjects.
B.He usually loses interest in other activities.
C.He is usually bad at such subjects like history.
D.He is likely to learn many other subjects well.
解析　D　细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，一个在学校努力学习科学的孩子会学好许多其他科目。
4.What would be the best title for the passage
A.Why Kids Should Learn Science
B.Why Science Is Important
C.How Kids Can Make Use of Science
D.What Kids Should Learn at School
解析　A　标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其是第三、四段内容可知，本文主要介绍了孩子学习科学的重要性和各种益处，A项最适合作文章标题。
B
They come suddenly，without warning，and the question in your mind “Why now？” melts into the depressing realization that this could mean the end of your life.Until now.
A new machine-learning system of artificial intelligence (AI) can successfully predict the risk of cardiac arrest (心脏骤停) using timing and weather data，according to a new study published in the journal Heart.
The study found that the out-of-hospital risk of cardiac arrest was highest on Sundays，Mondays，during sharp drops in temperature during or between days，and on public holidays.The new findings could serve as an early warning system，lowering the risk of deadly episodes and raising survival chances，in addition to improving emergency medical services' ability to prepare for serious situations.This is significant because out-of-hospital cardiac arrests are common globally，and are generally linked to low survival rates.
To deepen the research，the scientists evaluated the capacity of machine learning to anticipate daily out-of-hospital cardiac arrests via timing，as in the year，season，day of the week，hour of day，and daily weather，like snowfall，temperature，wind speed，and atmospheric pressure readings.Between 2005 and 2013，1，299，784 cases happened，and machine learning was implemented for 525，374 cases using timing data，weather，or both for a training dataset.These results were then contrasted with 135，678 cases that happened between 2014 and 2015，to examine the model's capacity for accuracy for anticipating the statistical number of daily cardiac arrests in other years.
“This predictive model may be useful for preventing out-of-hospital cardiac arrests，” said the researchers.However，it's critically important to note that this study does not promise a way to predict when people will really die from cardiac arrests.As a leading cause of death，the new machine-learning AI merely predicts when the risk of having a heart attack is high.
[解题导语]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种新的人工智能机器学习系统，它可以利用时间和天气数据成功预测心脏骤停的风险。
5.What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A.The seriousness of cardiac arrests.
B.The power of artificial intelligence.
C.The great significance of the findings.
D.The symptoms of cardiac arrests.
解析　C　段落大意题。根据第三段内容可知，本段介绍了这项新发现可以对心脏骤停做出预警，降低发病风险，提高生存机会等，故本项发现意义重大。
6.What does the underlined word “implemented” mean in paragraph 4
A.Created. B.Applied.
C.Suspended. D.Updated.
解析　B　词义猜测题。根据第四段内容可推知，在2005年至2013年间，机器学习系统通过数据等信息预测了525 374例心脏骤停的发生，所以画线词意为 “应用，实施”。
7.What's the author's attitude towards the warning system
A.Critical. B.Negative.
C.Doubtful. D.Objective.
解析　D　观点态度题。根据最后一段内容可推知，对这个人工智能机器学习系统，作者给予了客观性的评价。
8.What is the main purpose of the passage
A.To state the potential risks of heart attacks.
B.To stress the importance of conducting researches.
C.To introduce a breakthrough of a disease prediction.
D.To point out the shortcomings of modern technology.
解析　C　写作意图题。通读全文，尤其是第二段内容可知，本文的写作目的是介绍一种可以用来预测心脏骤停风险的人工智能机器学习系统。
Ⅳ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分)
Is Society Too Dependent on Technology
Just think，what would happen if your computer，Pad or laptop crashed today？What if someone took away your phone for some days or perhaps you lost it？ 1 Today，most people are becoming dependent on technology.
Most of us cannot go for a minute without looking at our phones and the fear of the battery dying is immense(极大的).If you happen to work in offices，you may be familiar with this trend. 2 Anyway，it's true.How can work continue if it's hard to send an email to a colleague or customer？This is common in almost all offices.
Kids used to spend a lot of time with each other or parents playing or just sharing stories.Those evening games after school are over; watching cartoons on a Sunday or playing with friends is no longer there. 3 Technology has taken all their time.
Society may have gone too far in technology dependence.It has become so immense that doctors have recommended people for “technology detox(脱瘾)”. 4 If not，according to researchers from Oxford University，technology detox is a period during which an individual avoids using any electronic devices including computers，smart phones，etc.，as a chance to reduce stress and focus on social interaction in the outside world.
Well，the choice remains in our hands.We must agree that society is being carried away by the increased inventions being introduced in our lives today. 5 Meanwhile，we should have the discipline to turn it off when we are supposed to experience life in reality.
A.Perhaps you may have heard of it.
B.We appreciate technology since it has its benefits.
C.If the Internet is down，all the tasks are over for the day.
D.Technology addiction has become a major problem among teenagers.
E.If thinking about these incidents makes you stressed，you are not alone.
F.Here are some signs that our generation depends too much on technology.
G.Today，most kids remain indoors playing computer games or with a smart phone.
[解题导语]　本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了现代人对科技的依赖。科技确实重要，但我们也要保持生活的真实性，体验真正的生活。
1.E　空前内容“Just think，what would happen...or perhaps you lost it？”提出了电子产品不能使用的假想情况，空后句“Today，most people are becoming dependent on technology.”说明人们对科技的依赖。E项承接上下文，符合文意。E项中not alone对应下文的most people。
2.C　根据空后内容“Anyway，it's true.How can work continue if it's hard to send an email to a colleague or customer？”可知此处应该是提及无法发送电子邮件的原因是没有网络，C项符合语境。
3.G　上文提到过去孩子们常常花很多时间和彼此或父母在一起玩耍或分享故事，而如今放学后的晚间游戏结束了，在周日看动画片或者和朋友们一起玩的日子已经不存在了。此处旨在说明孩子们对科技的依赖，G项承接上文，符合文意。
4.A　空前句提到“technology detox”，空后句对该名词进行了解释。故A项承接上下文，符合文意。
5.B　根据空前句“We must agree that society...being introduced in our lives today.”并结合空后内容可知，此处应该是我们对科技的肯定。B项符合文意。
Ⅴ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分)
Born in Ningbo，China on 30 December 1930，Tu Youyou is a brilliant and 1. (determine) scientist.She 2. (graduate) from Peking University Health Science Center in 1955 and after that，she worked at the China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Beijing.In 1967，she 3. (choose) by the Chinese government to discover a new treatment for malaria(疟疾).In 1969，she became the head of the project in Beijing.
However，the 4. (discover) of artemisinin (青蒿素) wasn't easy.With a strong desire 5. (find) a cure for patients，she and her team examined 2，000 old medical texts and evaluated 280，000 plants.From their research，they discovered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments.Step by step，6._______ (use) a lower temperature to draw out the extract，Tu Youyou found a substance that worked.Tu Youyou and her team did numerous experiments and failed more than 190 times，7. at last they succeeded in 1971.
She was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine on 5 October 2015 for artemisinin，8. was thought to have saved hundreds of thousands of lives and led to improved health for millions of people.Hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize，Tu Youyou said it should belong 9. her team and all the people of her country.10. (apparent)，it's an honour to China's scientific research and Chinese medicine.
[解题导语]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了屠呦呦的生平、她发现青蒿素的过程，以及她因此获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖的经历和感受。
1.determined　考查形容词。本空和空前形容词brilliant并列，修饰名词scientist，故本空应用形容词determined，意为“意志坚定的”。
2.graduated　考查动词时态。根据时间状语in 1955可知，本空应用一般过去时。故填graduated。
3.was chosen　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。根据In 1967可知，本句描述过去的事情，且主语she为第三人称单数，和动词choose之间为被动关系，故本空应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was chosen。
4.discovery　考查名词。根据空前定冠词the和空后介词of可知，本空应用名词形式。故填discovery。
5.to find　考查非谓语动词。a desire to do sth意为“做某事的渴望”，故本空应用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰抽象名词desire。故填to find。
6.using　考查非谓语动词。本空在句中作状语，动词use和其逻辑主语Tu Youyou之间为主动关系，故本空应用动词-ing形式。故填using。
7.but　考查连词。根据句意可知，空后内容和空前内容为转折关系，故应用连词but。
8.which　考查定语从句。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词artemisinin，本空在从句中作主语，指物，故应用关系代词which。
9.to　考查介词。belong to意为“属于”，故本空应用介词to。
10.Apparently　考查副词。本空在句中作状语，应用副词形式，句首单词的首字母应大写，故填Apparently，意为“显然”。