江苏南京市2025-2026学年第一学期期末调研样卷高二英语试题（PDF版，含解析，无听力原文及音频）

2025-2026 学年第一学期期末调研样卷
高二英语
考试时间：120 分钟 满分 150 分
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中
选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读
下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the man do for the woman
A. Repair her car. B. Lend his car to her. C. Find the driver that hit her.
2. Whose package is it
A. Mrs. Brown’s. B. Mrs. White’s. C. Mrs. Green’s.
3. What kind of job does the woman like
A. Preparing food. B. Taking orders. C. Clearing tables.
4. Where does the conversation take place
A. At the woman’s home. B. In an office. C. In a hospital.
5. What kind of medicine might the man give the woman
A. The one that can reduce her temperature.
B. The one that can cure her stomachache.
C. The one that can ease her back pain.
第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、
C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，
每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读
两遍。
听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。
6. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. The woman’s gap year. B. Chinese culture. C. Their school project.
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7. What is the woman most interested in about China
A. Its history. B. Its food. C. Its buildings.
听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。
8. What is the woman probably
A. A teacher. B. A tour guide. C. An artist.
9. What do we know about David
A. It has stood in the gallery for more than 100 years.
B. It was placed outside before 1504.
C. It was originally made in 1604.
10. Which body part of David is used to show his power
A. His hands. B. His legs. C. His arms.
听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。
11. What did Mr. Brown require the class to do
A. Create a magical story. B. Write like famous authors. C. Describe their family members.
12. What is Michael like in Sarah’s words
A. He is artistic. B. He is optimistic. C. He is athletic.
13. What will Sarah probably do next
A. Read the paper to the class.
B. Show the paper to her family.
C. Get some advice about the paper.
听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 17 题。
14. What is the relationship between the speakers
A. Co-workers.
B. Interviewer and interviewee.
C. Driver and passenger.
15. Which is one of the requirements of self-driving taxi tests
A. The test is not allowed to be carried out when the traffic is busy.
B. There must be a driver in the taxi during the test.
C. The taxi should be tested for at least 10 times.
16. In which city are the speakers
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A. In Shanghai. B. In Shenzhen C. In Beijing.
17. What does the man think of self-driving taxis
A. Their technology may still need to be improved.
B. They won’t make the traffic better.
C. They will replace the subway.
听第 10 段材料，回答第 18 至 20 题。
18. What will the speaker study at university
A. History. B. Building design. C. Hotel management.
19. What did the speaker’s father offer her
A. A flight ticket. B. A traditional wine bottle. C. A list of must-see buildings.
20. How many floors does the CITIC Tower have in total
A. 108 floors. B. 115 floors. C. 128 floors.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The House of European History team offers an engaging journey through European history.
Dive into it over lunchtime and discover our new exhibitions.
Each tour is supported by a member of our museum team, offering their personal interpretation of
the theme and a fresh insight into the collection. Rather than boring lectures, these tours aim to
spark curiosity, reflection and conversation about European History through selected
objects.Practical information
● Tours are free and take place from 12:15-13:00 in English. Meet the guide at the Family Kiosk
in the Fables Room. No booking required.
● Please be aware that to enter the museum, you must pass through security checks which can
take some time — we advise you to plan for this in advance.
Check the calendar below for 2026 tours.
17 February
Feelings in History
Feelings play a large part in historical descriptions: sometimes for contradicting reasons,
试卷第 3 页，共 15 页
sometimes driving individuals or entire societies to take action. This February, come and uncover
some of the many emotions behind historical events through the vast collection of the House of
European History.
17 March
Women in European History
In March we celebrate International Women’s Rights Day, making it the perfect moment to
discover some of the extraordinary women represented in the House of European History. Dig into
the collection, encounter the objects linked to their lives, and learn more about their impact on
Europe’s past.
15 September
Generation to generation
Which generation do you belong to From Erasmus students setting off on European
adventures, to the many age groups who lived, loved, fought and rebuilt this continent, each
generation brings its own rhythm to history. Come and uncover how generations shape Europe
and how Europe shapes generations.
20 October
A very European playlist
Music in European history carries meaning, memories and moments of gathering. Let’s
listen carefully to the sounds and songs throughout the House of European History including “Ode
to Joy”, factory rhythms, Euro-dance beats and Eurovision favourites...
1．What is the main purpose of the guided tours at the House of European History
A．To provide detailed academic lectures on European history.
B．To encourage interactive learning through selected objects.
C．To allow visitors to explore the museum completely on their own.
D．To focus only on the political developments in Europe.
2．What should visitors keep in mind before entering the museum
A．They are required to book a tour in advance.
B．They must arrive exactly at 12:15 for the tour.
C．They should prepare extra time for security checks.
D．They can only join tours in English if they are fluent.
试卷第 4 页，共 15 页
3．Which tour aims to explore the influence of different age groups on Europe
A．Feelings in History B．Women in European History
C．Generation to generation D．A very European playlist
B
Small singing birds, like grosbeaks and warblers, migrate (迁徙) at night, often traveling
alone instead of in groups. However, a new study shows they may not be completely by
themselves during these trips.
A research group, led by bird scientist Benjamin M. Van Doren, recorded sounds of birds
flying at night in eastern North America for more than 18,300 hours. Their findings, published in a
science journal, suggest that these birds, while appearing to travel alone, might actually be
working together with birds of other kinds, possibly sharing information along the way.
This idea changes what people used to think — that such birds find their way only by their
own natural ability or past experience. “Normally, we thought each bird was on its own,”
VanDoren said. To understand this night activity, the scientists listened carefully to the short,
simple sounds the birds make every few seconds while flying. They used special computer
programs to help study this large collection of sounds.
The results showed that different kinds of birds were flying near each other and making
sounds in a connected way, more than would happen just by luck. This points to some form of
social connection. Van Doren says maybe these billions of birds are actually sharing some kind of
information during their night flights, which could completely change how we think bird
migration works.
We still don’t know exactly what information is being shared. The sounds are different not
only between kinds of birds but also between males and females, or older and younger birds,
which might be a way for them to “say who they are.” Whatever the case, keeping in touch
probably helps them find their way better and learn about dangers, like bad weather, making their
dangerous journey a bit safer.
Scientists already knew that different bird species often form mixed groups during the day
to look for food and stay safe. This new study shows that such cooperative behavior might also be
important during their night travels. Future studies that follow individual birds could tell us more
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about how these social connections work.
4．What was the traditional belief about how songbirds migrate at night
A．They follow older birds. B．They travel in mixed groups.
C．They keep calling each other. D．They depend only on themselves.
5．What method did scientists use to research the birds’ night flight behavior
A．Following birds with tracking tags. B．Observing birds with night cameras.
C．Recording and analyzing flight sounds. D．Comparing migration routes on maps.
6．Which of the following is TRUE about the birds’ communication during night travel
A．It is used mainly for finding food together. B．It might allow them to identify each other.
C．Scientists have already understood it fully. D．It is the same for all birds in the mixed group.
7．What is the main idea of the article
A．Bird Partners on Night Journeys B．Birds act similarly day and night.
C．New programs help study bird navigation. D．Future research should track individual birds.
C
A skilled card player — eyes hidden by dark shades, features kept as still as possible —
looks at their hand. Sometimes it helps to have a “poker face.” Yet, a recent research shows that
facially expressive people are more liked by a new social partner, which may explain why humans
evolved such expressive faces. Humans are the most facially expressive species, producing an
average of 101 facial movements per minute in social interactions.
Facial expressivity is beneficial primarily because social bonding has been vital to human
survival. Throughout evolution, close-knit communities ensured food, shelter, and protection.
Social skills were a matter of life and death, so qualities that helped build and maintain life-saving
bonds were passed down — facial expressivity likely being one of them.
In a study, 52 participants interacted online with a researcher posing as another participant,
facing challenging social situations like telling bad jokes or demanding most of a reward in a
negotiation. These simulated (模仿) real-life conflicts and embarrassing moments. Researchers
observed their facial movements and used software to analyze tiny muscle actions from over 1,300
participants in free conversations.
The results found that people who are more agreeable, outgoing or sensitive by nature
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tended to be more facially expressive. These individuals probably put more effort into social
interactions. After the interactions, everyone involved, as well as 176 outside observers who
watched video clips, rated how much they liked each person. The clear result was that those with
more facial expressions were better liked.
Why does expressiveness help build social bonds When meeting someone new, people
assess whether they can be trusted or understood. Someone easier to “read” seems more appealing.
The study supports this: when comparing participants’ actual thoughts with what observers
inferred from their facial expressions, more expressive people’s faces better broadcast their mental
states. Observers found them easier to understand, which strongly correlated with likability.
Simply put, facial expressiveness may give others a sense of understanding, boosting
likability. This suggests expressiveness makes people more predictable. Likability tracked with
expressivity and not with a particular emotion. You might guess, for instance, that people with
cheerful expressions are best liked. But although happy expressions were highly likable,
expressive people were better liked even when they weren’t especially smiley.
8．Why is social bonding crucial from an evolutionary perspective
A．It allowed humans to develop complex languages.
B．It helped humans dominate other species as hunters.
C．It increased individual competition and genetic diversity.
D．It was essential for survival through cooperation and protection.
9．What does the underlined word “posing” mean in paragraph 2
A．interviewing B．pretending C．recording D．competing
10．Why might more agreeable people tend to be more facially expressive
A．Because they participate in more online interactions.
B．Because they have undergone specific training to display social skills.
C．Because they value social interactions and invest more effort into them.
D．Because they are self-centered and less concerned about others’ perception.
11．What quality do facially expressive people seem to have that contributes to their likability
A．They tend to be more physically attractive.
B．They are always in a happy emotional state.
C．They are more likely to agree with others’ opinions.
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D．They appear easier for others to read and understand.
D
With the fractious (易怒的) state of global politics, it is little wonder that one reader has
written in to say they are overwhelmed by bad news. “I know it’s bad for my mood, but I can’t
stop myself reading about the disasters unfolding,” she says. “How can I find mental peace when
there’s so much wrong in the world ”
It is not rare. Doomscrolling is a common habit caused by the human brain’s preference for
negative information. When presented with various headlines, our attention naturally fixes on the
most depressing or frightening. One recent study found that each negative word in a headline adds
2.3 per cent to the average click through rate. Doomscrolling appears especially common in
people with low “tolerance of uncertainty” — those who want a predictable future they can
control.
Our negativity preference might have served us well in the past, when our survival
depended on our capacity to understand and respond to threats. But it may be unfit in the 21st
century, when the dangers of the world are sent onto our devices’ screens 24 hours a day.
Doomscrolling has been linked to a higher risk of depression, and, in some people, too much
media consumption about bad news events can produce the symptoms of PTSD (创伤后应激障
碍).
If you find your news consumption damaging your well-being, you might choose to
temporarily disengage from your feeds, or at least limit your exposure to a fixed period. In
cognitive behavioural therapy (治疗) for anxiety, clients are often told to assign themselves a
limited “worry time” each day, after which they are encouraged to look for distraction. The chance
to limit such anxious reflection to a fixed period appears to be more effective than simply telling
someone not to worry at all.
You might also make a conscious effort to find items that restore your faith in humanity. A
recent study by psychologists Kathryn Buchanan and Gillian Sandstrom asked people to watch
films about the Manchester Arena bombing that happened in May 2017. They found that showing
some examples of brave and hopeful responses to the attacks helped to reduce participants’
depression. They were more likely to respond positively to statements such as “people are
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basically good” and “the way our society works makes sense”, for instance.
Of course, we shouldn’t aim to get rid of every troubling event so that we no longer feel
any fear. But by strengthening our toughness, we may become more motivated to take positive
action. A follow-up study by Buchanan and Sandstrom found that people who watched others’
kindness were more willing to act pro-socially (亲社会地) themselves. The world may be a dark
place, but we can choose to look for the light.
12．Why are some people trapped in the habit of “doomscrolling”
A．Because people enjoy feeling depressed or frightened.
B．Because the human brain is naturally drawn to negative information.
C．Because modern news headlines are written to be more attractive.
D．Because people have too much free time to browse the internet.
13．What negative effect is linked to doomscrolling according to the text
A．Improved ability to handle uncertainty. B．A stronger desire to control the future.
C．Higher risk of depression and PTSD-like symptoms. D．Increased trust in society and other
people.
14．According to the author, how can we reduce the anxiety caused by doomscrolling
A．Stop reading news completely and forever. B．Use a fixed “worry time” and then seek
distraction.
C．Only watch news that includes positive stories. D．Discuss your worries with a therapist
every day.
15．What is the purpose of this article
A．People should avoid all news to protect their mental health.
B．Despite the bad news, we can choose strategies to stay hopeful.
C．Negative news is more accurate and deserves more attention.
D．The only solution to doomscrolling is to increase our tolerance.
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有
两项为多余选项。
When it comes to choosing a sport that’s easy to learn, fun to play, and good for both body
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and mind, badminton stands out as a top pick for teenagers. 16 .
What makes badminton so suitable for teens For starters, it’s gentle on the body but still
delivers great physical benefits. Swinging the racket (球拍) works the arms, shoulders, and core
muscles, while moving around the court to hit the shuttlecock (羽毛球) boosts leg strength and
improves movement. 17 . This edge in terms of safety makes it an ideal choice for teens
whose physical development is still in progress.
Beyond physical fitness, badminton, 18 , does wonders for mental focus and
coordination. To hit the shuttlecock accurately, teens need to track its speed and direction, react
quickly, and plan their moves ahead — skills that translate directly to academic life. Many
coaches note that teens who play badminton regularly show better hand-eye coordination and
faster reflexes than those who don’t.
19 , which encourages communication and cooperation between players. Whether it’s
a casual game with friends after school or a school-level competition, teens learn to respect others,
stay humble in victory, and build resilience in defeat. Chen Yu, a 16-year-old from Guangzhou,
says badminton helped her make new friends when she transferred schools last year.
Another big plus Badminton is a sport the whole family can enjoy. 20 . This not
only encourages teens to stay active but also reduces their screen time — a major concern for
parents in the digital age. As per guidelines from the National Sports General Administration,
teens should get at least 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity daily, and a
45-minute badminton game easily meets that requirement.
A．Unlike high-impact sports like basketball or football, badminton has a lower risk of joint
injuries
B．It’s a low-cost, accessible option that fits most teens’ lifestyles
C．Many parents play badminton with their teens on weekends, turning it into a fun bonding
activity
D．Badminton also fosters social skills, especially when played in pairs or teams
E．which trains the brain to stay sharp by turning each rally into a small problem-solving task
F．While some sports like running or cycling are often limited to outdoor spaces, badminton can
be played both indoors and outdoors.
G．which is a popular PE elective in middle and high schools nationwide
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第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的
最佳选项。
In a world flooded with digital devices, a growing number of young people are choosing
digital minimalism — cutting down unnecessary online activities to what really matters
to them. For many, it’s a quiet against the information overload that blocks real
and deep thinking.
by Cal Newport’s book on digital minimalism, Kai Yijing, a 27-year-old from
Hangzhou, began a 6-month digital break: social media time daily and spending the
free time on running, neighbor chats, films and books. The part was resisting the
habitual pull of checking her phone, especially at dawn when she reached for it. By
2025, she’d finished 116 films and 56 books, and rediscovered small moments of human
connection she’d once ignored.
Thomas Schmidt, a scholar in Germany, chose a different way to do this. Five years ago, he
phone schedules to handwritten notes and even drafted his papers by hand. He believes typing
often leads to poor , while handwriting offers an undisturbed space to think. He even
tried phones for 30 days, replacing phone functions with a watch, CD player, and
radio. For him, the key was moving certain tasks the phone to avoid unnecessary
disturbances.
Both stories prove that digital minimalism isn’t a rigid rule, but a to live more
purposefully. It requires and creativity to replace mindless tech use with meaningful
activities. In a world run by , choosing digital minimalism is a journey of
self-discovery, which shows that sometimes less tech more life.
21．A．set aside B．focus on C．test out D．sum up
22．A．blame B．debate C．resistance D．prediction
23．A．input B．grasp C．motivation D．connection
24．A．Inspired B．Complained C．Sponsored D．Advocated
25．A．increasing B．limiting C．unfolding D．consuming
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26．A．worst B．toughest C．longest D．earliest
27．A．automatically B．intently C．curiously D．fortunately
28．A．proceeded B．restored C．switched D．withdrew
29．A．concentration B．dimension C．interaction D．recognition
30．A．making allowance for B．breaking away from C．devoting himself to
D．speaking volumes about
31．A．onto B．off C．across D．through
32．A．tool B．definition C．pace D．slogan
33．A．logic B．tolerance C．determination D．immersion
34．A．technology B．criticism C．pace D．belief
35．A．decides B．spells C．means D．equals
第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A series of straightforward, unedited photos of Paris taken by a Chinese retiree during his
vacation 36 (fuel) widespread amusement across Chinese social media this week. 37
(share) without filters or retouching, the images present a true-to-life view of the French capital,
leading netizens to jokingly compare the Eiffel Tower to a “power line pylon (电线塔)” 38
the Seine River to a “ditch (水沟) back home”.
The photos, serving 39 a source of lighthearted humor, received many comments,
such as “When Grandpa takes photos, he shows no mercy”. Many said the unedited snapshots
40 (effective)“cured their Paris Syndrome”.
On Wednesday, 41 tourist, surnamed Zhang, spoke about his unexpected fame and
expressed surprise at the photos’ sudden popularity. He explained that the pictures were taken in
late October during a group tour, but only gained 42 (mass) attention around the New
Year. Zhang said, “I didn’t bother with angles or lighting and posted them right away. I don’t
know how to use beauty filters or editing apps — what you see is exactly 43 was taken.”
According to Cover News, Zhang and a travel agency representative later held a livestream,
during 44 they emphasized that Paris is truly beautiful, but noted the photos were taken
on a rainy day, and Zhang, as an older traveler, did not focus on 45 (advance)
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photography skills.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节（满分 15 分）
46．你的美国朋友 Jack 对你们班英语口语课上展开的一次讨论很感兴趣，讨论的主题是：
Whether we should delay the school starting time in the morning。请给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
（1）陈述讨论的结果；
（2）表达期待。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为 80 左右；
（2）请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jack,
I’m glad to know you’re interested in the discussion held in our class recently.
_______________________________________________________________________________
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____________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分 25 分）
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Lucy walked quickly along the road to school, her backpack bouncing lightly on her
shoulders. Cars passed by, and people hurried to work. Lucy checked her watch and frowned. She
was running a little late.
Suddenly, she saw a small boy fall down near the roadside. His books scattered across the
ground, and he sat there, looking confused and frightened. Lucy slowed her steps. For a moment,
she stopped.
试卷第 13 页，共 15 页
Should I help him she thought.
She looked at the boy, then at her watch again. If I stop, I might be late for class, she told
herself. Someone else will help him. With that thought, she lowered her head and walked past
him. Her steps became faster, but her heart felt strangely heavy.
In class that morning, Lucy tried to focus on the lesson, but her mind wandered. The
teacher began reading a passage about character. It talked about how kindness and helpfulness
were not formed in one big moment, but through countless small actions in daily life.
“Character,” the teacher said calmly, “is shaped by what you choose to do when no one
forces you to act.”
Lucy’s hand froze on her notebook. The picture of the little boy flashed into her mind. She
shifted in her seat.
It was just a small thing, she thought. Helping him wouldn’t really change who I am.
She tried to convince herself that the teacher’s words were too serious for such a tiny
moment. Still, she felt uneasy.
When school ended, Lucy packed her bag and walked home slowly. The sun was lower
now, casting long shadows on the street. Near the corner, she noticed an old man standing still,
looking around anxiously. He held a worn map in his hands and turned it again and again.
Lucy passed him, then stopped.
He looks lost, she thought. Her heart began to beat faster. Should I ask him What if I don’t
know the answer What if it takes too much time
注意：
1.续写词数应为 150 个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Finally, Lucy turned around and walked toward the old man.
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试卷第 14 页，共 15 页
____________________________
The next day at school, Lucy carried that feeling with her, determined to find more
opportunities.
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____________________________
试卷第 15 页，共 15 页
1．B 2．C 3．C
【导语】这是一篇应用文。介绍了欧洲历史之家博物馆的导览活动、实用信息以及 2026 年
的主题导览安排。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Rather than boring lectures, these tours aim to spark curiosity,
reflection and conversation about European History through selected objects. (这些导览并非枯燥
的讲座，而是旨在通过精选展品激发人们对欧洲历史的好奇、反思与讨论)”可知，导览的主
要目的是通过精选展品鼓励互动式学习。故选 B 项。
2．细节理解题。根据 Practical information 部分“Please be aware that to enter the museum, you
must pass through security checks which can take some time — we advise you to plan for this in
advance. (请注意，进入博物馆必须通过安检，这可能需要一些时间，建议您提前做好准备)”
可知，游客在进入博物馆前应预留额外时间用于安检。故选 C 项。
3．细节理解题。根据 Generation to generation 部分“Which generation do you belong to From
Erasmus students setting off on European adventures, to the many age groups who lived, loved,
fought and rebuilt this continent, each generation brings its own rhythm to history. Come and
uncover how generations shape Europe and how Europe shapes generations. (你属于哪一代人？
从开启欧洲冒险之旅的伊拉斯谟计划的学生，到那些在这片大陆上生活、热爱、战斗和重建
的众多年龄群体，每一代人都为历史带来了独有的节奏。来探索不同世代如何塑造欧洲，以
及欧洲又如何塑造不同世代吧)”可知，Generation to generation 这一导览旨在探索不同年龄群
体对欧洲的影响。故选 C 项。
4．D 5．C 6．B 7．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一项新研究表明，小型鸣禽在夜间迁徙时可能
并非独自飞行，而是与其他种类的鸟类合作共享信息。
4．细节理解题。根据第一段中“However, a new study shows they may not be completely by
themselves during these trips.(然而，一项新的研究表明，在这些迁徙过程中，它们可能并非
完全独自飞行。)”以及第三段“This idea changes what people used to think — that such birds
find their way only by their own natural ability or past experience.(这个想法改变了人们过去的
看法——认为这些鸟类只依靠自己的自然能力或过去的经验来找到路。)”可知，传统观念认
为小型鸣禽在夜间迁徙时只依靠自己。故选 D。
5．细节理解题。根据第三段中“To understand this night activity, the scientists listened carefully
to the short, simple sounds the birds make every few seconds while flying. They used special
答案第 1 页，共 12 页
computer programs to help study this large collection of sounds.(为了理解这种夜间活动，科学家
们仔细聆听了鸟类飞行时每隔几秒发出的简短而简单的声音。他们使用特殊的计算机程序来
帮助研究这些大量的声音。)”可知，科学家们通过录制和分析飞行声音来研究鸟类的夜间飞
行行为。故选 C。
6．细节理解题。根据第五段中“The sounds are different not only between kinds of birds but also
between males and females, or older and younger birds, which might be a way for them to “say
who they are.”(这些声音不仅在不同种类的鸟类之间有所不同，而且在雄性和雌性、年长和
年幼的鸟类之间也有所不同，这可能是它们“表明自己身份”的一种方式。)”可知，鸟类在夜
间旅行时的交流可能使它们能够识别彼此。故选 B。
7．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中“However, a new study shows they may not be
completely by themselves during these trips.(然而，一项新的研究表明，在这些迁徙过程中，
它们可能并非完全独自飞行。)”以及最后一段中“This new study shows that such cooperative
behavior might also be important during their night travels.(这项新的研究表明，这种合作行为在
它们的夜间旅行中也可能很重要。)”可知，文章主要讲述了小型鸣禽在夜间迁徙时可能并非
独自飞行，而是与其他种类的鸟类合作共享信息。故选 A。
8．D 9．B 10．C 11．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍面部表情丰富的人更受新社交伙伴喜欢，并分析
其背后的原因及相关研究发现。
8．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Facial expressivity is beneficial primarily because social
bonding has been vital to human survival. Throughout evolution, close-knit communities ensured
food, shelter, and protection.(面部表情丰富之所以有益，主要是因为社交联结对人类生存至关
重要。在整个进化过程中，紧密的社群确保了食物、住所和保护)”可知，从进化的角度来看，
社交联结至关重要是因为它通过合作和保护，对人类的生存必不可少。故选 D 项。
9．词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“In a study, 52 participants interacted online with a researcher
posing as another participant, facing challenging social situations like telling bad jokes or
demanding most of a reward in a negotiation. These simulated (模仿) real-life conflicts and
embarrassing moments.(在一项研究中，52 名参与者在线上与一名 posing 成另一名参与者的
研究人员互动，面对讲冷笑话或在谈判中要求获得大部分奖励等具有挑战性的社交场景。这
些场景模仿了现实生活中的冲突和尴尬时刻)”可知，研究中的研究人员模仿另一名参与者与
被试互动，模拟真实社交场景，由此猜测 posing 意为“伪装，假装”，与 pretending 意思相近。
答案第 2 页，共 12 页
故选 B 项。
10．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The results found that people who are more agreeable,
outgoing or sensitive by nature tended to be more facially expressive. These individuals probably
put more effort into social interactions.(研究结果发现，性格更随和、外向或敏感的人往往面部
表情更丰富。这些人可能在社交互动中付出了更多努力)”可知，更随和的人面部表情更丰富，
是因为他们重视社交互动，并在其中投入更多努力。故选 C 项。
11．细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Why does expressiveness help build social bonds When
meeting someone new, people assess whether they can be trusted or understood. Someone easier
to “read” seems more appealing. The study supports this: when comparing participants’ actual
thoughts with what observers inferred from their facial expressions, more expressive people’s
faces better broadcast their mental states. Observers found them easier to understand, which
strongly correlated with likability.(为什么表情丰富有助于建立社交联结？遇到陌生人时，人们
会评估对方是否值得信任、是否容易理解。更容易被“读懂”的人似乎更有吸引力。该研究支
持了这一点：当将参与者的真实想法与观察者从他们面部表情中推断出的内容进行比较时，
表情更丰富的人的面部能更好地传达他们的心理状态。观察者发现他们更容易被理解，这与
受欢迎程度密切相关)”可知，面部表情丰富的人之所以更受欢迎，是因为他们更容易被别人
读懂和理解。故选 D 项。
12．B 13．C 14．B 15．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍“末日滑动浏览”的成因、负面影响，并给出减少
其焦虑、保持希望的有效应对策略。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Doomscrolling is a common habit caused by the human
brain’s preference for negative information. When presented with various headlines, our attention
naturally fixes on the most depressing or frightening.(末日滑动浏览是一种常见的习惯，由人类
大脑对负面信息的偏好引起。当看到各种标题时，我们的注意力会自然地集中在最令人沮丧
或最可怕的内容上)”可知，有些人陷入“末日滑动浏览”习惯的原因是人类的大脑天生就被负
面信息吸引。故选 B 项。
13．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Doomscrolling has been linked to a higher risk of depression,
and, in some people, too much media consumption about bad news events can produce the
symptoms of PTSD (创伤后应激障碍).(末日滑动浏览与更高的抑郁症风险有关，而且在一些
人身上，过度浏览有关负面新闻事件的媒体内容会产生创伤后应激障碍的症状)”可知，末日
答案第 3 页，共 12 页
滑动浏览的相关负面影响是抑郁症和创伤后应激障碍类症状的风险更高。故选 C 项。
14．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In cognitive behavioural therapy (治疗) for anxiety, clients
are often told to assign themselves a limited “worry time” each day, after which they are
encouraged to look for distraction. The chance to limit such anxious reflection to a fixed period
appears to be more effective than simply telling someone not to worry at all.(在针对焦虑的认知
行为疗法中，患者通常会被要求每天给自己分配一段有限的“担忧时间”，之后鼓励他们寻找
分散注意力的事物。将这种焦虑反思限制在固定时间段内，似乎比简单地告诉别人完全不要
担忧更有效)”可知，减少末日滑动浏览带来的焦虑的方法是设定固定的“担忧时间”，之后寻
找分散注意力的事物。故选 B 项。
15．推理判断题。根据全文内容，尤其是最后一段中的“Of course, we shouldn’t aim to get rid
of every troubling event so that we no longer feel any fear. But by strengthening our toughness,
we may become more motivated to take positive action.(当然，我们的目标不应该是消除所有令
人烦恼的事件，这样我们就不再感到任何恐惧。但通过增强我们的韧性，我们可能会更有动
力采取积极的行动)”和“The world may be a dark place, but we can choose to look for the
light.(世界可能是一个黑暗的地方，但我们可以选择寻找光明)”可知，本文的目的是告诉读
者，尽管世界上有很多负面新闻，我们仍可以选择合适的策略来保持希望。故选 B 项。
16．B 17．A 18．E 19．D 20．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍羽毛球作为青少年首选运动的优势，包括对身心的益
处、安全性、社交价值及适合全家参与等特点。
16．根据上文“When it comes to choosing a sport that’s easy to learn, fun to play, and good for
both body and mind, badminton stands out as a top pick for teenagers.(当谈到选择一项容易学习、
玩起来有趣且对身心都有益的运动时，羽毛球是青少年的首选。)”可知，此处应进一步补充
羽毛球适合青少年的特点，衔接上文的“首选”定位。B 选项“It’s a low-cost, accessible option
that fits most teens’ lifestyles.(它是一种低成本、易参与的选择，适合大多数青少年的生活方
式)”既呼应了上文羽毛球的优势，又进一步说明其适合青少年的原因，符合语境。故选 B 项。
17．根据上文“Swinging the racket (球拍) works the arms, shoulders, and core muscles, while
moving around the court to hit the shuttlecock (羽毛球) boosts leg strength and improves
movement.(挥拍锻炼手臂、肩膀和核心肌肉，在球场上移动击球则能增强腿部力量和改善动
作协调性)”以及下文“This edge in terms of safety makes it an ideal choice for teens whose
physical development is still in progress.(这种安全性方面的优势使其成为身体仍在发育中的
答案第 4 页，共 12 页
青少年的理想选择)”可知，此处应衔接上文的身体益处，引出下文的“安全性优势”。A 选项
“Unlike high-impact sports like basketball or football, badminton has a lower risk of joint
injuries.(与篮球或足球等高冲击性运动不同，羽毛球的关节损伤风险更低)”既对比突出羽毛
球的特点，又点出“安全性”，与下文的 This edge in terms of safety 相呼应，符合语境。故选 A
项。
18．根据下文“To hit the shuttlecock accurately, teens need to track its speed and direction, react
quickly, and plan their moves ahead — skills that translate directly to academic life.(要准确击中
羽毛球，青少年需要追踪其速度和方向，快速反应，并提前规划动作——这些技能直接适用
于学术生活)”可知，此处应补充羽毛球对心智有益的具体表现，衔接上文的 mental focus and
coordination。E 选项“which trains the brain to stay sharp by turning each rally into a small
problem-solving task.(它通过将每一次对打变成一个小型的解决问题的任务，训练大脑保持敏
锐)”中的 which 指代先行词 badminton，且具体说明羽毛球对大脑的锻炼，与下文的技能培
养相呼应，符合语境。故选 E 项。
19．根据下文“which encourages communication and cooperation between players. Whether it’s a
casual game with friends after school or a school-level competition, teens learn to respect others,
stay humble in victory, and build resilience in defeat.(它鼓励球员之间的沟通与合作。无论是放
学后和朋友的休闲比赛，还是校级比赛，青少年学会尊重他人，在胜利中保持谦逊，在失败
中培养韧性)”可知，此处应引出羽毛球在社交方面的优势，下文是对该优势的具体说明。D
选项“Badminton also fosters social skills, especially when played in pairs or teams.(羽毛球还能
培养社交技能，尤其是在双人或团队对战时)”既体现了递进关系），又点出“社交技能”，与
下文的沟通、合作、尊重等内容相呼应，符合语境。故选 D 项。
20．根据上文“Another big plus Badminton is a sport the whole family can enjoy.(另一个大优
点？羽毛球是一项全家都能享受的运动)”以及下文“This not only encourages teens to stay
active but also reduces their screen time — a major concern for parents in the digital age.(这不仅
鼓励青少年保持活跃，还能减少他们的屏幕时间——这是数字时代父母们的主要担忧)”可知，
此处应具体说明羽毛球适合全家参与的表现，衔接下文的“对青少年的好处”。C 选项“Many
parents play badminton with their teens on weekends, turning it into a fun bonding activity.(许多
父母周末和孩子一起打羽毛球，把它变成一项有趣的增进感情的活动)”既呼应了上文“全家
都能享受”，又说明其能增进亲子关系，符合语境。故选 C 项。
答案第 5 页，共 12 页
21．B 22．C 23．D 24．A 25．B 26．B 27．A 28．C
29．A 30．B 31．B 32．A 33．C 34．A 35．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了数字设备普及的当下，不少年轻人选择数字极简主义，
杭州的 Kai 和德国学者 Thomas 以不同方式践行，证明其是让生活更有目标的工具，践行它
能发现少科技即多生活的真谛。
21．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在这样一个充斥着各种电子设备的世界里，越来越多的年轻
人开始追求数字简约生活——减少不必要的线上活动，专注于真正对自己重要的事情。A. set
aside 留出，搁置；B. focus on 专注于；C. test out 测试；D. sum up 总结。根据上文“cutting down
unnecessary online activities”可知，数字极简主义是减少不必要的线上活动，目的是专注于对
自己真正重要的事。故选 B 项。
22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对许多人来说，这是一种对信息过载的无声抵抗，这种信息
过载阻碍了真正的联系和深度思考。A. blame 责备；B. debate 辩论；C. resistance 反抗；D.
prediction 预测。根据后文“resisting the habitual pull of checking her phone”提到抗拒看手机的
习惯性冲动，可知，此处与本空形成原词呼应，指这种做法是对信息过载的无声反抗。故选
C 项。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对许多人来说，这是一种对信息过载的无声抵抗，这种信息
过载阻碍了真正的联系和深度思考。A. input 输入；B. grasp 理解；C. motivation 动力；D.
connection 联结。根据下文“rediscovered small moments of human connection”提到重新发现人
际联结的美好瞬间，可知，此处形成原词呼应，指信息过载阻碍了真实的人际联结和深度思
考。故选 D 项。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：受到 Cal Newport 关于数字简约生活的著作的启发，来自杭
州的 27 岁青年 Kai Yijing 开始了一次为期 6 个月的数字断舍离：每天限制社交媒体使用
时间，并将剩余时间用于跑步、与邻居聊天、看电影和读书。A. Inspired 启发；B. Complained
抱怨；C. Sponsored 赞助；D. Advocated 提倡。根据句意以及下文“by Cal Newport’s book on
digital minimalism”可知，Kai 是受 Cal Newport 的相关书籍启发，才开始数字断舍离。故选
A 项。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：受到 Cal Newport 关于数字简约生活的著作的启发，来自杭
州的 27 岁青年 Kai Yijing 开始了一次为期 6 个月的数字断舍离：每天限制社交媒体使用
时间，并将剩余时间用于跑步、与邻居聊天、看电影和读书。A. increasing 增加；B. limiting
限制；C. unfolding 展开；D. consuming 消耗。根据上文“cutting down unnecessary online
答案第 6 页，共 12 页
activities”可知，数字断舍离的核心是限制每日社交媒体使用时间。故选 B 项。
26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最艰难的部分是抵制查看手机的习惯，尤其是在黎明时分，
她会不自觉地伸手去拿手机。A. worst 最坏的；B. toughest 最艰难的；C. longest 最长的；D.
earliest 最早的。根据语境以及下文“part was resisting the habitual pull of checking her phone”可
知，抗拒看手机的习惯性冲动，这是最艰难的部分。故选 B 项。
27．考查副词词义辨析。句意：最艰难的部分是抵制查看手机的习惯，尤其是在黎明时分，
她会不自觉地伸手去拿手机。A. automatically 自动地，无意识地；B. intently 专注地；C.
curiously 好奇地；D. fortunately 幸运地。根据语境以及上文“especially at dawn”可知，黎明
时伸手拿手机是无意识的本能动作，体现这种行为的习惯性和自发性。故选 A 项。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：五年前，他把（存在）手机里的日程表改为手写记录，并甚
至用手写方式起草论文。A. proceeded 继续；B. restored 恢复；C. switched 转换成；D. withdrew
撤回。根据句意以及下文“phone schedules to handwritten notes”可知，Thomas 将手机日程换
成手写笔记，switch...to... 是固定搭配，意为“把…… 换成……”。故选 C 项。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他认为打字往往会导致注意力不集中，而手写则能提供一个
不受干扰的思考空间。A. concentration 注意力；B. dimension 维度；C. interaction 互动；D.
recognition 认可。根据下文“handwriting offers an undisturbed space to think”提到手写能提供
不受干扰的思考空间，可知，与本空形成对比，指打字容易导致注意力不集中。故选 A 项。
30．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他还尝试过连续 30 天不使用手机，用手表、CD 播放器和
收音机来替代手机的功能。A. making allowance for 体谅；B. breaking away from 摆脱，脱离；
C. devoting himself to 致力于；D. speaking volumes about 充分说明。根据下文“replacing phone
functions with a watch, CD player, and radio”可知，Thomas 用手表、CD 播放器等替代手机功
能，说明他尝试 30 天摆脱手机。故选 B 项。
31．考查介词词义辨析。句意：对他而言，关键在于将某些事务从电话中移除，以避免不必
要的干扰。A. onto 到……上；B. off 从……移开；C. across 穿过；D. through 通过。根据下
文“to avoid unnecessary disturbances”可知，Thomas 的做法核心是远离手机干扰，因此关键
是把某些任务从手机上移开。故选 B 项。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这两个故事都表明，数字极简主义并非是一成不变的规则，
而是一种更有意义地生活的工具。A. tool 工具；B. definition 定义；C. pace 节奏；D. slogan
口号。根据上文“digital minimalism isn’t a rigid rule”可知，数字极简主义不是僵化的规则，
而是让生活更有目标的工具。故选 A 项。
答案第 7 页，共 12 页
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：要将其付诸实践，需要决心和创造力，即用有意义的活动取
代无意义的科技使用。A. logic 逻辑；B. tolerance 容忍；C. determination 决心；D. immersion
沉浸。根据句意以及下文“replace mindless tech use with meaningful activities”可知，用有意义
的活动替代无意识的科技使用，需要决心和创造力，前文 Kai“抗拒看手机的本能”也体现了
决心。故选 C 项。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一个由科技主导的世界里，选择数字极简主义是一次自我
发现的旅程，这表明有时候减少科技的使用反而能带来更多的生活。A. technology 科技；
B. criticism 批评；C. pace 节奏；D. belief 信念。根据文章大意以及文章第一句“In a world
flooded with digital devices”可知，全文围绕“数字设备、手机、科技使用”展开，指在这个由
科技主导的世界里，选择数字极简主义是自我探索的旅程。故选 A 项。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一个由科技主导的世界里，选择数字极简主义是一次自我
发现的旅程，这表明有时候减少科技的使用反而能带来更多的生活。A. decides 决定；B. spells
拼写；C. means 意味着；D. equals 等于。通读全文可知，本文通过两位实践者的经历，传递
核心主旨 —— 有时候，更少的科技意味着更丰富的生活。故选 C 项。
36．have fueled 37．Shared 38．and 39．as 40．effectively 41．the
42．massive 43．what 44．which 45．advanced
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了本周一位中国退休老人拍的巴黎无修图在华社交平
台走红，照片还原真实的巴黎逗乐网友，老人坦言不懂修图，后直播称照片拍于雨天，巴黎
实际很美。
36．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：本周，一名中国退休人员在度假期间拍摄的一系列简
单、未经编辑的巴黎照片在中国社交媒体上引起了广泛的关注，大家津津乐道。时间状语 this
week（本周）表现阶段的动作结果，用现在完成时；主语 A series of...photos 核心为 photos
（复数），故谓语用 have fueled（引发）。故填 have fueled。
37．考查非谓语动词。句意：这些未经滤镜和修图的照片展现了法国首都巴黎的真实面貌，
网友们开玩笑地把埃菲尔铁塔比作“电线塔”，把塞纳河比作“家乡的沟渠”。分析句子可知，
此处为非谓语动词作状语，主语 the images 与 share（分享）是被动关系（照片被分享），故
用过去分词 Shared，表被动和完成。故填 Shared。
38．考查连词。句意：这些未经滤镜和修图的照片展现了法国首都巴黎的真实面貌，网友们
开玩笑地把埃菲尔铁塔比作“电线塔”，把塞纳河比作“家乡的沟渠”。根据句意可知，此处
答案第 8 页，共 12 页
compare A to B ____ C to D 为并列结构（把埃菲尔铁塔比作电线塔，把塞纳河比作家乡水
沟），用 and 连接两个并列的比较对象。故填 and。
39．考查固定短语。句意：这些照片作为一种轻松的幽默来源，收到了许多评论，比如“爷
爷拍照的时候毫不留情”。此处 serve as 为固定短语，意为“充当；作为”，此处指这些照片充
当轻松幽默的来源。故填 as。
40．考查副词。句意：许多人表示，这些未经编辑的快照有效地“治愈了他们的巴黎综合
症”。修饰动词 cured（治愈），需用副词，effective（有效的）变副词为 effectively（有效
地）。故填 effectively。
41．考查冠词。句意：周三，这位姓张的游客讲述了自己意外走红的经历，并对照片突然走
红感到惊讶。此处特指上文提到的“拍巴黎照片的中国退休游客张先生”，用定冠词 the 表特
指。故填 the。
42．考查形容词。句意：他解释说，这些照片是在 10 月下旬参加一个旅行团时拍摄的，但
直到新年前后才获得大量关注。修饰名词 attention（关注），需用形容词，mass（大量）变
形容词为 massive（大量的），gain massive attention（获得广泛关注）。故填 massive。
43．考查表语从句。句意：我不知道如何使用美颜滤镜或编辑应用程序——你看到的就是拍
摄时的真实情况。分析句子可知，设空处引导表语从句，从句中缺少主语，指“拍摄到的内
容”，用连接代词 what 引导，指代事物且作从句主语。故填 what。
44．考查定语从句。句意：据《封面新闻》报道，张先生和一位旅行社工作人员随后进行了
直播，在直播中，他们强调巴黎确实很美，但同时指出这些照片是在下雨天拍摄的，而作为
年长游客的张先生并没有特别注重专业的摄影技巧。分析句子可知，设空处引导非限制性定
语从句，先行词为 a livestream（直播），指物，在从句中作介词 during 的宾语成分，此处为
介词前置，故用关系代词 which 引导（介词后不能用 that）。故填 which。
45．考查形容词。句意：据《封面新闻》报道，张先生和一位旅行社工作人员随后进行了直
播，在直播中，他们强调巴黎确实很美，但同时指出这些照片是在下雨天拍摄的，而作为年
长游客的张先生并没有特别注重专业的摄影技巧。修饰名词 photography skills（摄影技巧），
需用形容词，advance（推进）变形容词为 advanced（高级的，先进的），advanced photography
skills（高级摄影技巧）。故填 advanced。
46．
Dear Jack,
I’m glad to know you’re interested in the discussion held in our class recently.
答案第 9 页，共 12 页
We talked about whether we should delay the school starting time in the morning, and most
students agreed that it’s a good idea. We all think that if school starts later, we can get enough
sleep, which will make us more energetic in class. Besides, it can also keep us from being late
because of heavy morning traffic. Our teacher said she would pass our ideas to the school. I hope
the school will accept our advice soon, so we can have a more relaxed morning study life.
How do you think about this discussion Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生就给定主题“我们是否应该推迟早上的开学时
间”的讨论结果，给美国朋友 Jack 回一封邮件。
【详解】1.词汇积累
延迟：delay → postpone
足够的：enough → sufficient
精力充沛的：energetic → vigorous
建议：advice → proposal
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：We all think that if school starts later, we can get enough sleep, which will make us more
energetic in class.
拓展句：We all hold the idea that if school starts later, we can get enough sleep, which will make
us more energetic in class.
【点睛】【高分句型 1】We talked about whether we should delay the school starting time in the
morning, and most students agreed that it’s a good idea.（运用了 whether 和 that 引导的宾语从
句）
【高分句型 2】We all think that if school starts later, we can get enough sleep, which will make us
more energetic in class.（运用了 that 引导的宾语从句、which 引导的非限制性定语从句）
47．范文
Finally, Lucy turned around and walked toward the old man. She smiled gently and asked,
“Excuse me, sir. Do you need any help finding your way ” The old man’s eyes lit up with relief.
He pointed to the map and said he was trying to get to the nearby park but got lost. Lucy knew the
答案第 10 页，共 12 页
park well, so she told him the clear route step by step, even walking him to the corner to point out
the landmark. The old man thanked her repeatedly, and Lucy felt a warm lightness in her heart, a
feeling she hadn’t had that morning. She realized the teacher was right — small kind choices
mattered a lot.
The next day at school, Lucy carried that feeling with her, determined to find more
opportunities. When she saw a classmate drop her stationery, she rushed to help pick it up without
hesitation. She even went back to the roadside where the little boy fell the day before, hoping to
say sorry if she saw him. Though she didn’t meet him, Lucy was happy. She knew character
wasn’t built in a day, but every small kind act would weave a better version of herself, and that
warm feeling would always stay with her.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了露西上学途中因怕迟到，未帮助摔倒的小男孩，内
心十分沉重。课堂上老师讲解品格由日常小选择塑造，让她心生触动。放学时她主动帮助迷
路的老人，收获了温暖与释然，次日便带着这份感悟，决心在生活中多做善意的小事，用心
塑造自身品格。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“最后，露西转过身，朝那位老人走去”可知，第一段可描写露西主动
帮助迷路的老人，收获了温暖与释然。
②由第二段首句内容“第二天在学校，露西带着那种感觉继续前行，决心寻找更多的机会”
可知，第二段可描写次日便带着这份感悟，决心在生活中多做善意的小事，用心塑造自身品
格。
2.续写线索：露西询问老人——提供帮助——收获温暖——帮助他人——露西感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①点亮：light up/brighten
②意识到：realize/be aware of
③重要：matter/count
情绪类
①感谢：thank/appreciate
②高兴：happy/glad
【点睛】[高分句型 1] Lucy knew the park well, so she told him the clear route step by step, even
答案第 11 页，共 12 页
walking him to the corner to point out the landmark.（运用了现在分词作状语）
[高分句型 2] She realized the teacher was right — small kind choices mattered a lot.（运用了省
略 that 的宾语从句）
答案第 12 页，共 12 页