外研版高中英语选择性必修第四册Unit 1 Looking forwards Section Ⅱ Using language课件

(共69张PPT)
主题语境：人与自我——未来的选择
[典句探究]
①For many of us，it's something we already have experienced.
②What will we be doing in ten years' time
③He would later go on to win the Nobel Prize in Literature.
④Although some of his historical novels were published，their success was nothing compared to the stories of his fictional detective，Sherlock Holmes，which he is still best known for to this day.
复习时态
⑤...the young Arthur Conan Doyle，born in Scotland in 1859，had originally worked as a doctor.
⑥...Doyle wrote some of his early Holmes stories while he was waiting for patients in his medical practice in London.
⑦...but Sherlock Holmes has been entertaining readers for well over a century.
[我的发现]
以上教材原句中黑体部分是句子的谓语。
1.句①中谓语使用 时。
2.句②中谓语使用 时。
3.句③中谓语使用 时。
4.句④让步状语从句中的谓语使用 时。
5.句⑤中谓语使用 时。
6.句⑥中谓语使用 时。
7.句⑦中谓语使用____________ 时。
现在完成
将来进行
过去将来
一般过去
过去完成
过去进行
现在完成进行
一、一般时态
1.一般现在时
(1)表示经常或习惯性的动作或存在的状态。
They often stay up late because they have too much work to finish.
他们经常熬夜，因为他们有太多的工作要完成。
(2)表示不受时间限制的客观事实、科学真理、格言等。
Light travels faster than sound.
光比声音传播得快。
(3)表达一个按规定、计划、安排要发生的动作，这类动词(短语)有go，come，fall，arrive，start，begin，meet，stay，take place，happen等。
The train leaves at 6：30 p.m.
火车下午六点半离站。
(4)在时间和条件状语从句中可用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
If you go there，I'll keep you company.
如果你去那里，我就与你同行。
Please tell me as soon as she comes back.
她一回来就请告诉我。
(5)在某些以here，there开头的句子中，用一般现在时表示正在发生的动作。
Here comes the bus，right on time—hurry up，or we'll miss it!
公交车来了，正好准时——快点，不然我们就赶不上了！
There goes my phone battery，and I left my charger at home.
我的手机没电了，而我把充电器忘在家里了。
2.一般过去时
(1)表示在过去某一时刻或过去某一段时间里发生的动作或存在的状态。
When I was a child，I often played football in the street.
我小的时候经常在街上踢足球。
(2)表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作，常与时间状语often，usually，sometimes，always，never，at times，every day等连用。
He often went to school by bike when he studied there.
他在那里上学的时候经常骑自行车去学校。
(3)表示过去连续发生的一连串的动作。
After she got up，she quickly washed her face and hands，had breakfast and went to school.
她起床以后，很快地洗脸洗手，吃了早饭，然后上学去了。
(4)在时间状语从句或if引导的条件状语从句中，表示过去将要发生的动作或存在的状态。
She said she would ring me up as soon as she got home.
她说她一回到家就会给我打电话。
The teacher said we would go out for a picnic if it didn't rain next Saturday.
老师说如果下星期六不下雨，我们就出去野餐。
3.一般将来时
(1)shall/will＋动词原形
表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或状态，常用的时间状语有tomorrow，soon，next week，some day，from now on，in (the) future，by the time等。
I shall/will go to London tomorrow and return to Paris next week.
我明天去伦敦，下周回巴黎。
(2)be going to＋动词原形
①表示计划、安排好的将来动作。
The Browns are going to move to Australia. 布朗全家打算搬到澳大利亚去。
②表示根据某种迹象推测出即将发生的动作。
It is going to rain.Take an umbrella with you.天要下雨了。你随身带把伞。
(3)be about to＋动词原形
表示将要发生的动作，注意使用时不可再与表示时间的词语连用。
The President is about to wind up his visit to South Africa.
总统即将结束对南非的访问。
(4)be to＋动词原形
表示计划、安排好将要发生的动作，后面要跟时间状语。
I am to see him today at 6 o'clock.
我今天将在6点钟去看他。
4.过去将来时
(1)表示过去将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常用“would/should＋动词原形”构成。
He said that the meeting would begin at half past nine.
他说会议将在九点半开始。
(2)“was/were going to＋动词原形”表示“过去曾经按照计划打算做……”。
Last year I was going to write a book，but at last failed.
去年我计划写一本书，但是最终没有写成。
(3)was/were about to do sth when...“正要做某事，突然……”。
This afternoon I was just about to go swimming when luckily our guide saw me and shouted at me，“Stop! Don't swim！”
今天下午我正要下水去游泳，这时幸亏我们的向导看到了我，对我大声喊道：“站住！别游泳！”
(4)was/were to do sth表示“一定会发生”“将来的安排”“将来可能发生”。
The President was to deliver a speech at the summit the next day，but he fell ill and had to cancel.
总统原定于第二天在峰会上发表演讲，但他生病了，不得不取消。
二、进行时态
1.现在进行时
(1)表示现阶段正在进行的动作，或某种反复进行的动作。
Many scientists are working hard to turn them into realities.
许多科学家正努力使它们变为现实。
(2)表示在最近的将来即将发生的动作，动词通常为表示来去等移动性的动词，常常和表示将来的时间状语连用。
We are leaving Beijing for Zhengzhou tomorrow.
我们明天离开北京前往郑州。
(3)现在进行时与always，forever，continually，constantly等词连用时，表示反复发生的动作的同时，并带有某种感彩。
He is too careless and he is always losing keys.
他太粗心了，老是丢钥匙。
2.过去进行时
(1)表示在过去某一时刻正在发生或进行的动作。常和at eight yesterday evening，at this time last year，at that time等表示过去的时间状语以及when，while等引导的表示过去的时间状语从句连用。
What were you doing at this time yesterday
昨天这时候你在做什么？
They were having supper when I went to see them.
我去看他们的时候，他们正在吃晚饭。
(2)与一般过去时搭配使用，这时一般过去时表示短暂的动作，而过去进行时则表示延续的动作，且正在进行。
He telephoned me when I was tidying my room.
我正在整理房间的时候，他给我打了电话。
(3)表示过去将要发生的动作。
She told me she was leaving for Beijing the next day.
她对我说她次日要去北京。
3.将来进行时
(1)表示将来某一时刻某动作正在进行。
This time tomorrow I will be watching you play on TV.
明天这时候我将在电视上看你比赛。
(2)表示将来的某件事是已经计划、安排好要发生的。
Doctor Wang will be giving another talk on this subject at the same time next week.
王博士下周同一时间将就这一课题再次做报告。
三、完成时态
1.现在完成时
(1)表示过去已经发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，往往体现出一定的因果关系。
—Have you had your lunch yet
你吃午饭了吗？
—Yes.I have just had it.
是的，我刚吃过。
(2)常与for引导的表示一段时间的时间状语连用。
He has been a League member for three years.
他已经入团三年了。
(3)常与lately，recently，so far，already，those days，ever，just，up to now等表示时间的副词或短语连用。
Up to now，the work has been quite smooth.
到目前为止，工作很顺利。
(4)现在完成时可与since 连用，since 后加表示过去的时间点或表示一般过去时的从句。
(2025·全国一卷)He was the captain of our school's basketball team. I haven't seen him since graduation.
他曾是我们学校篮球队的队长。毕业后我就没再见过他。
(5)It's/will be the first/second...time that...表示“这是第一、二……次做某事” 。
It's the first time that I have been here.
这是我第一次来这儿。
3.
|名师点津|
现在完成时与一般过去时的区别
现在完成时强调对现在的影响和结果，与现在有联系；而一般过去时强调动作发生在过去某一具体时间，且已结束，与现在无直接联系。
Has the plane arrived？飞机到达了吗？
When did it arrive？什么时候到的？　
2.过去完成时
(1)表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，并产生某种影响或结果。时间状语通常有already，yet，still，just，before，never，by the end of last year等；也可与下列时间状语从句连用：after/before/when＋过去时态从句或by the time＋过去时态从句。
Mr Wang had taught in our school for six years before I came here.
在我来到这儿之前，王老师已经在我们学校任教6年了。
He said that he had never seen such a beautiful bird before.
他说他以前从来没有见过如此美丽的鸟。
He had already built his own lab by the time he was ten.
到他十岁时，他已经建立了自己的实验室。
(2)表示从过去某一时间开始，持续到过去的另一时间的动作或状态。往往与for，since引导的表示一段时间的短语或从句连用。
She had nursed her father in that room since she came back，but she left home for something yesterday.
自打回家后，她就在那个房间里照顾她的父亲，但她昨天有事离开了家。
3.将来完成时
(1)表示在将来某一时间之前已完成的动作，并往往对将来某一时间产生影响。
We shall/will have learned 12 units by the end of this term.
到这个学期末，我们将学完12个单元。
By the time you get home，I will have cleaned the house from top to bottom.
你到家之前我将把房子彻底打扫一遍。
(2)表示推测，相当于must have done结构。
You will have heard of this，I guess.
我猜你已经听说过这件事了。
I am sure that he will have got the information.
我相信他一定会得到这个信息。
4.现在完成进行时
(1)表示从过去某一时刻开始，一直持续到现在且仍在进行的动作。常见的时间状语有recently，since等。
Tom has been working every night over the last three months.
在过去的三个月内，汤姆每天晚上都在工作。
(2)现在完成进行时有时所表示的动作并不是一直在不停地进行，而是在不断地重复发生。
I have been calling him many times this morning，but there's no answer.
今天早上我给他打了很多次电话，但都没有回应。
[即时演练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Over the past 50 years，about 17% of the rainforest (appear) due to human activities.
②This morning Lisa was about (go) out when the door opened.
③The scientists believed the air pollution (slow) down in the future.
④He walked to the sofa，sat down and (hug) his wife and daughter.
⑤I (look) for my lost keys everywhere but still haven't found them.
⑥Hurry up! By the time we get to the assembly hall，the meeting ________________ (start).
⑦“She (breathe)! Come and help me dig her out！” shouted the soldier.
has disappeared
to go
would slow
hugged
have been looking
will have started
is breathing
⑧Professor Craig (give) a lecture on British literature this time tomorrow evening.
⑨By the end of last month，the school (equip) all the laboratories with the latest scientific instruments.
⑩一旦你到达那儿，你会发现那里的人很友好。
，you will find the people there very friendly.
人们普遍承认，一些古老的传统正经历艰难的时期。
It has been admitted that some old traditions .
他不情愿地走到我的座位前，咬着嘴唇含糊地向我道了歉。
He ，bit his lip and mumbled an apology to me.
will be giving
had equipped
Once you get there
are going through tough times
dragged himself to my seat
使我们感到骄傲的是，中国在探索太空方面已经取得了巨大的成就。(enormous)
What makes us proud is that China in exploring space.
因为这是第一次帮爸爸在户外做饭，我和哥哥也感到很兴奋。
As father cook food outdoors，my elder brother and I also felt thrilled.
如果你方便的话，我们早上8：30在校门口见面吧。
If ，let's meet at 8：30 a.m. at the school gate.
我们国家在技术方面取得巨大飞跃的消息使我们非常高兴。
The news that our country got a leap forward in technology .
has made enormous achievements
it was the first time that we had helped
it is convenient for you
made us very happy
1.admission n.允许进入(加入)；录取；承认，招认；入场费，门票费(→admit v.承认；允许……进入；接纳)
[教材原句]　I've been recommended for admission to study physics at my dream university.
我被推荐进入我梦想中的大学学习物理。
admit sb/sth as/to be＋adj./n. 承认某人/某物是……
be admitted into/to 被录取；被接收
admit doing sth/having done sth 承认做过某事
admit that... 承认……
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Learning that you have been admitted a key university，I am writing to offer my congratulations.(应用文写作之祝贺信)
②Her (admit) to the university was celebrated by her entire family.
③When questioned about the broken vase，my little brother admitted ________________
(hide) the truth to avoid punishment.
④即将到来的汉语演讲比赛被认为是外国人提高汉语口语的好机会。(应用文写作之通知)
The upcoming Chinese speech contest for foreigners to improve their oral Chinese.
into/to
admission
hiding/having hidden
is admitted to be a good chance
2.participation n.参加，参与(→participate v.参加，参与→participant n.参与者，参加者)
[教材原句]　In addition to participation in school，a part-time job—such as working in a café or in an office administration role—can also be helpful in this transition.
除了参与学校活动之外，一份兼职工作——比如在咖啡馆工作或从事办公室行政工作——也有助于这种过渡。
participate in　 参加；参与
participate in (doing) sth with sb 与某人一起参与(做)某事
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①(2023·北京卷)Each week， (participate) will be asked to complete a topic-specific reflection task.
②In order to increase (participate) in outdoor activities，our school organized an activity—climbing the Mount Tai on September 10.
③希望你能参加比赛，因为你的参与一定能帮助我们获得冠军。(应用文写作之邀请信)
Hopefully, you can ，as can surely help us win the championship.
participants
participation
participate in the game
your participation
3.make up one's mind 做出决定，拿定主意
[教材原句]　I can't make up my mind what the right thing to do is.
我拿不定主意该怎么做才对。
make up one's mind to do sth 决定做某事
change one's mind 改变主意
keep/bear...in mind 记住……
fix one's mind on/upon... 把注意力集中在……
read one's mind 看出某人的心思
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①Having failed the exam，he made up his mind (change) his bad study habits.
②Please keep mind that only by possessing a good state of mind can you be likely to attain success.
③With his mind (fix) on winning the race，he rushed forward，ignoring the burning pain in his legs.
④随着人工智能的快速发展，未来机器真的会读懂我们的思想吗？这既有趣又可怕。
With AI developing rapidly，will machines one day truly It's both fascinating and scary.
to change
in
fixed
read our minds
⑤除了你自己，没有人能改变你的想法。如果你想挑战自己，就坚持下去。
No one can except yourself.If you desire to challenge yourself，stick with it.
[温馨提示]　表示“决定做某事，下定决心做某事”的短语还有decide to do sth，determine to do sth，be determined to do sth等。
change your mind
4.pass up放过，放弃，错过(机会)
[教材原句]　I think it would be a great pity to pass up the opportunity to be admitted without taking the exam.
我认为如果不参加考试就放弃被录取的机会，那将是一件非常遗憾的事。
pass away　　　　 去世
pass by 经过(……旁边)；通过
pass down 使世代相传；流传
pass out 昏迷；失去知觉
pass sth on (to sb) 把某物转交(给某人)；(用后)递给，传给(某人)
pass through 通过；穿过；经过
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①It is impossible for a lonely and helpless girl to pass the wilderness without any harm.
②He knows the water is so cold and he'll probably pass and die of shock before he drowns.
③Two hours passing ，he didn't turn up，so I became more and more impatient.
through
out
by
④(2025·浙江1月卷)途中，格林先生解释说，这块手表是传家宝，代代相传。
On the way, Mr Green explained that the watch was a family heirloom，_____________
.
⑤如果你想更多地了解中国传统文化，你一定不能错过这个绝佳的机会！(应用文写作之邀请信)
If you want to learn more about traditional Chinese culture，you mustn't _____________
__________________!
passed down from
generation to generation
pass up this
excellent opportunity
5.put off 推迟……，使……延期
[教材原句]　Can you put off making a decision until you've spoken to your high school advisor 你能等到和高中指导老师谈过之后再决定吗？
put forward　 提出(意见，建议)；推荐；将……提前
put aside 节省；储蓄；储存；留出；放一边
put away 放好；存起来
put down 记下，写下；镇压；付(定金)
put on 表演，上演；穿上，戴上
put out 扑灭；伸出
put up 建造；张贴；提高；留宿
put up with 忍受，忍耐
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①The outdoor science fair will be put until next Friday because of the weather forecast for heavy rain.(应用文写作之通知)
②It is a tradition for the Chinese people to put Spring Festival couplets both on the doors and walls during the Spring Festival.
③In that case，we will have to learn to put up some of his shortcomings and try to discover his advantages.
off
up
with
④随着教师节的到来，他提出一个好主意，他们要为老师准备一场晚会。
With Teachers' Day coming，he that they would prepare a party for their teachers.
⑤他们冲下车，搭起帐篷，舒适地坐在草地上，欣赏着周围美妙的景象。(读后续写之动作描写)
They dashed out of the car， and sat comfortably on the grass enjoying the surrounding breathtaking sights.
put forward a great idea
put up the tent
(满分：79.5分)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(每小题1.5分，共12分)
1.Her (admit) to the medical school brought tears of pride to her family.
2.After weeks of indecision，Li Hua made up his mind (join) the debate team.
3.Don't pass the chance to attend the science fair—it might spark your curiosity!
4.She had second (think) about choosing business as her major after realizing her passion for art.
admission
to join
up
thoughts
5.Many students put their assignments until the last minute，causing unnecessary stress.
6.The class leader rejected the unrealistic plan for a class trip of hand，suggesting a more practical alternative.
7.Before the summer break，he weighed the pros and cons of an internship versus a volunteering trip.
8.Active (participate) in community service helps students develop empathy.
off
out
up
participation
Ⅱ.完成句子(每小题3分，共30分)
1.任何心情低落的人都可以去跑步来让自己振作起来。
Anybody who can go for a run to cheer themselves up.
2.如果你总是熬夜工作，你的身体将会垮掉。
Your health if you always stay up late for work.
3.看天空中的闪电。很快就要下雨了。
Look at the lightning in the sky.It soon.
4.剪纸文化正在焕发出新的活力，吸引年轻一代参与并传承其遗产。
The paper-cutting ，attracting the younger generation to participate in and carry on its legacy.
is feeling down
will break down
is going to rain
is glowing with new life
5.我们正要离开，这时隔壁房间突然发出了巨大的响声。
We when a big noise came from the next room.
6.我正在和孩子们一起吃早餐，这时水开始涌入我的家。
I when water started filling my home.
7.如果你在户外，找一个空旷的地方，不要靠近汽车或水边。
，find an open place and never get close to cars or waterside.
were about to leave/were on the point of leaving
was having breakfast with my children
If you are in the open air
8.我本打算昨天给你字典的，但我忘记把它带来了。
I yesterday，but I forgot to bring it here.
9.当比赛的那一天终于到来时，克里斯已经为即将到来的一切做好了充分的准备。
When the day of the race finally arrived，Chris was fully prepared for .
10.这是我第一次躺在星空下，只有微风陪伴着我们。
It was the first time that I ，with only the breeze accompanying us.
had meant to give you the dictionary
whatever would come
had lain beneath the stars
Ⅲ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共10分)
Everyone knows that the choices we make affect our future.Suppose I am an intelligent student with good marks.However，being lazy，I do badly in my examinations.I am refused entry to university and cannot find a good job.The golden future I had imagined will never be.All these are all from a bad choice!
However，your choices affect your future in a way that is a lot more complicated.This is because nearly all the choices you make affect your character.Your character is displayed through your choices，but it is also formed by them.Whenever you make a choice，your character changes or grows，or diminishes (降低，减弱) depending on whether the decision you made is wise or foolish.Your character is being made by you，bit by bit，choice by choice.And so，you become the sort of person who will make a certain kind of choice in a certain situation.
Some will argue this is not true.After all，the field of human choice is a narrow one. Most of the things that form us in our lives are not subject to choice.We cannot choose when and where to be born，whether our families will be rich or poor，kind or cruel.We cannot even entirely control who we will meet in our lives.With so much that we cannot choose，how can we be said to be responsible for anything
There is some truth in this.We are thrown into life without any say over the matter，and have little control over most of it.However，we do have some power of choice，and we do control the most important thing of all: how we respond to circumstances.We can choose to keep struggling in hard times，or to give up.
This ability to choose how we behave and respond is a great gift.It is our key to having confidence in the future.It is human nature to fear the future，as the future is unknown.You cannot entirely control what will happen to you tomorrow.But if you have confidence in your character，formed by years of making good choices，then you do know one thing for certain about the future: no matter what happens，you will make a choice that you will be proud of.
At every moment，then，practise forming your character when you make your choices，no matter how small they are.Remember：your choices form your character.And your character determines your future.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。文章指出我们所做的选择可能会以一种复杂的方式影响你的未来，因为你的选择和性格相互影响，最终会影响未来。论述了性格和选择之间相互影响、相互作用的关系。
1.With the example in paragraph 1，what does the author intend to show
A.A good choice of job is a guarantee of one's bright future.
B.Intelligent people always tend to be somewhat lazy.
C.A bad choice of being lazy may affect one's life bit by bit.
D.A golden future will never come if one is refused by university.
解析　C　推理判断题。根据第一段的内容可推知，作者想要通过第一段中的例子表明，一个懒惰的坏选择可能会一点一点地影响一个人的生活。故选C。
2.Why may your choices affect your future in a complicated way
A.Your future is solely determined by a certain choice.
B.Your choices and character shape each other，finally influencing the future.
C.Your future can only be formed if the choices are right.
D.Your character is always changing and so is your future.
解析　B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“This is because nearly all the choices you make affect your character...And so，you become the sort of person who will make a certain kind of choice in a certain situation.”可知，你的选择可能会以一种复杂的方式影响你的未来，因为你的选择和性格相互影响，最终会影响未来。故选B。
3.What does the underlined part mean in paragraph 3
A.Not based on your choices. B.Not chosen as a subject to learn.
C.Not depended on your future. D.Not affected by your pleasure.
解析　A　词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“Most of the things that form us in our lives are...”以及下文“We cannot choose when and where to be born，whether our families will be rich or poor，kind or cruel.We cannot even entirely control who we will meet in our lives.”可知，我们无法选择出生的时间和地点，无法选择家庭的富裕还是贫穷，善良还是残酷，也就是说，在我们的生活中，构成我们的大多数事情都是无法选择的，即不是基于你的选择。故画线词部分指的是“不是基于你的选择”。故选A。
4.What does the “choice” mentioned in the passage refer to
A.Choose to be a brave man with nothing to fear of.
B.Choose to be a hardworking man to get a bright future.
C.Choose to have a positive response to the unknown future.
D.Choose to have a determined mind to keep struggling.
解析　C　推理判断题。通读全文内容，以及根据倒数第二段中的“But it you have confidence in your character，formed by years of making good choices，then you do know one thing for certain about the future：no matter what happens，you will make a choice that you will be proud of.”可知，一个糟糕的选择会一点一点地影响人们的未来，而多年来做出的好的选择会使人们有信心面对未知的未来。即文章中提到的“choice”指的是选择对未知的未来作出一个积极的反应。故选C。
Ⅳ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分)
Are you worn out by worrying and focusing on the negative It can be hard not to let negativity come into your day，but a touch of optimism not only makes you feel better but is also good for your physical and mental health.It's time to turn things around. 1
Recognize optimism as a daily choice.
You can't control everything，but if there's one thing you can control，it's what you think. 2 For example，it can be as simple as choosing to smile when you feel sad.It's your choice to feel down or to do something positive to take your mind in a different direction.
Reduce exposure to negativity.
How often do you wake up in a perfectly good mood，only to turn on the news and end up feeling angry，disappointed or depressed with everything that's going on in the world 3 Instead，watch something cheerful and let in the information that supports you.
Befriend positive people.
When you spend time with people who make you feel happy and relaxed，this naturally makes you feel more positive.Negativity often comes from spending too much time on your own and overthinking things. 4
5
Rather than complaining and feeling sorry for yourself，take a walk，go for a bike ride，or hit the gym.The idea is to get your body moving.Exercise releases endorphin，a chemical produced within your body，and you're less likely to feel pessimistic with the feel-good chemical.
By developing these habits，you'll gradually acquire an optimistic mindset.Even if something negative happens，you can still see the silver lining.
A.Stay physically active.
B.Take exercise every day.
C.Optimism means you feel positive all the time.
D.Don't focus on anything that makes you feel bad.
E.That's why it's important to make time for your positive friends.
F.Here are some practical ways to help you maintain a more positive outlook.
G.Optimism isn't about ignoring negativity but choosing to think optimistically.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了通过选择乐观、减少负面信息接触、与积极的人交往和保持身体活跃等方法来培养乐观的心态，改善身心健康。
1.F　空前内容提出了人们被负面情绪困扰，需要转变的问题。下文紧接着给出了一些具体的方法。F选项“这里有一些实用的方法来帮助你保持更积极的心态”起到了引出下文的作用，符合语境。故选F。
2.G　小标题“Recognize optimism as a daily choice.”表明这一段围绕乐观的选择展开。空前“You can't control everything，but if there's one thing you can control，it's what you think.”指出可以控制自己的想法。空后“For example，it can be as simple as choosing...your mind in a different direction.”通过举例进一步说明如何选择乐观。G选项“乐观不是忽视负面因素，而是选择乐观地思考”符合这一段的主题和上下文语境。故选G。
3.D　小标题“Reduce exposure to negativity.”说明这一段强调减少负面事物的影响。空前“How often do you wake up in a...the world？”描述了接触负面新闻导致情绪变差的情况。下文“Instead，watch something cheerful and let in the information that supports you.”提出了相反的做法。D选项“不要关注任何让你感觉不好的事情”与上文负面新闻带来的不良影响相呼应，又引出了下文的相反做法，符合语境。故选D。
4.E　小标题“Befriend positive people.”表明这一段的主题是与积极的人交往。空前“When you spend time with people who make...own and overthinking things.”说明了与积极的人相处的好处以及负面情绪的来源。E选项“这就是为什么为你积极的朋友腾出时间很重要”总结了上文内容，解释了为什么要与积极的人交朋友，符合这一段的主题和上下文逻辑。故选E。
5.A　下文“Rather than complaining and...with the feel-good chemical.”主要讲述了通过散步、骑车、健身等活动让身体动起来，以及运动带来的好处。A选项“保持身体活跃”能够概括这一段的主要内容，适合作为小标题，与下文内容相呼应。故选A。
Ⅴ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分)
Su Shi，a famous scholar of the Song Dynasty，was 1. (high) thought of in poetry，prose and painting.
At the age of 21，his fresh prose style earned him the 2. (recognize) of Ouyang Xiu.He 3. (say) that Su Shi's writings were outstanding.This made Su Shi instantly famous.However，4. his political dream was realized，he had to leave his position and return home.
His dreams cut short，Su Shi turned his focus toward nature.In the spring of 1082，he took an outing with his friends.When 5. sudden shower of rain made his companions rush for shelter，Su Shi burst into laughter as if completely unaware of the rain.
Along both sides of the path were growing trees，6. leaves made soft sounds as the rain-drops fell.With wet clothes，he walked along while 7. (sing) a happy song.Then it hit him：“I shall go through this life in a 8. (peace) mind，if only wearing a straw rain cape (蓑衣).”
Su Shi's optimistic and open-minded attitude 9. life ensured his advancement despite political ups and downs.Expressed in his poetry and essay，which have been passed down through generations，such an attitude has truly inspired us
10.__________(keep) a broad mind and persist in our struggle against all difficulties.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了宋代著名学者苏轼的文学成就及其对待生活的态度等。
1.highly　考查副词。修饰动词thought应使用high的副词形式highly，作状语。故填highly。
2.recognition　考查名词。作动词earn的宾语应使用recognize的名词形式recognition，意为“认可”。故填recognition。
3.said　考查动词的时态。分析句子可知，空处是该句子的谓语部分，根据后面从句的时态是一般过去时可知，主句也应该用一般过去时。故填said。
4.before　考查连词。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，空处应填入一个连词引导状语从句；根据下文的he had to leave his position and return home可知，这里指的是他的政治梦想实现之前的事。故填before。
5.a　考查冠词。shower为单数可数名词，空处应使用不定冠词，表示数量，且sudden的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
6.whose　考查定语从句。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，空处应使用连词引导定语从句，指代先行词trees，作定语，修饰leaves，应用关系代词whose。故填whose。
7.singing　考查非谓语动词。while后的部分应是时间状语从句(while he was singing a happy song)，该从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句中有be动词，可把从句的主语和be动词省略。故填singing。
8.peaceful　考查形容词。修饰名词mind应使用peace的形容词形式peaceful，作定语，意为“平和的”。故填peaceful。
9.to/towards　考查介词。attitude to/towards是固定短语，意为“对……的态度”。故填to/towards。
10.to keep　考查非谓语动词。inspire sb to do sth意为“激励某人做某事”，应使用不定式作宾语补足语。故填to keep。