外研版高中英语选择性必修第四册Unit 3 The world meets China Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas课件
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| 名称 | 外研版高中英语选择性必修第四册Unit 3 The world meets China Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas课件 |
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| 格式 | ppt | ||
| 文件大小 | 8.6MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
| 版本资源 | 外研版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2026-02-23 00:00:00 | ||
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(共101张PPT)
主题语境：人与社会——跨文化沟通、包容与合作
Wednesday，21 June
My hotel is near downtown①，in the Mission② District，one of the oldest parts of the city.Many of the people living here are from Mexico or Central America.This district used to be a poor area of town，but is now a centre for art，music，and food.In fact，an art movement called the “Mission School” started here.It's influenced by graffiti③ art and comic art.[1]I walked around looking at the street art for a few hours. It was quite modern and lively.Afterwards，I ate some delicious Mexican-Chinese noodles from a food truck.A real mix of cultures here!
In the afternoon，I headed to④ a local museum that showed the historical⑤ changes in California.I learnt that America got California from Mexico in 1848.In the same year，gold was discovered near San Francisco，which started a gold rush.Over 300，000 people came from all over the world to seek⑥ their fortune，and San Francisco quickly became a big city.Many Chinese arrived during this period.To earn a living，some opened up shops and restaurants in Chinatown⑦.Many others found jobs on farms，joined the gold rush，or went to build the railway that joined California to the eastern region of the country.[2]The museum did a really good job of showing how America was built by immigrants⑧from different countries and cultures.When these immigrants left their countries，they carried a bit of home in their hearts，and built a new home here.
This evening，I went to Chinatown.[3]There were so many good cafés and restaurants to choose from. I selected⑨ a Cantonese restaurant that served⑩ its food on beautiful china plates.What great food!
That's enough for today.Tomorrow evening，I'm going to a jazz bar in the Richmond District.Can't wait!
词汇积累 佳句背诵
①downtown adv.在市中心；往市中心
②mission n.传教(区)；重要任务；使命
③graffiti n.[pl.]涂鸦；胡写乱画
④head to (朝……)前进；(向……)去
⑤historical adj.(有关)历史的
⑥seek vt.& vi.寻找；寻求；请求 [1]I walked around looking at the street art for a few hours.(动词-ing形式短语作伴随状语)
一连好几个小时，我四处走着，欣赏街头艺术。
[2]The museum did a really good job of showing how America was built by immigrants from different countries and cultures.(how引导宾语从句)
这家博物馆完美地展示了美国是如何由不同国家和文化的移民建设起来的。
词汇积累 佳句背诵
⑦Chinatown n.唐人街；中国城
⑧immigrant n.(外来)移民；外侨
⑨select vt.选择；挑选；选拔
⑩serve vt.服务；端上(饭菜、茶等)
china n.瓷；瓷器
jazz n.爵士乐
[3]There were so many good cafés and restaurants to choose from.(不定式短语作后置定语)
这里有很多不错的咖啡馆和餐馆可供选择。
【原文呈现】
WELCOME TO DUNHUANG!
Welcome to Dunhuang! On the old Silk Road，this city was the gateway①to and from Ancient China，a place [1]where East met West, and a green island in the middle of the desert.You can only imagine [2]how travellers felt when they saw the oasis② of Dunhuang ahead of them.
[1]此处 where 引导定语从句，修饰先行词 a place，where在从句中作地点状语。
[2]本句是主从复合句。how 引导宾语从句，该从句中 when 引导时间状语从句。
【词汇积累】
①gateway/'ɡeItweI/n.通向……的门户
②oasis/ 'eIsIs/n.(沙漠中的)绿洲
Dunhuang's long and glorious③ history represents④ its significance⑤ as a centre of cultural and commercial exchange⑥.Today，Dunhuang is a world-class tourist destination⑦ [3] boasting⑧ sites with UNESCO-protected⑨heritage⑩ status.Now，we are going to enter some of the city's famous caves，[4]of which there are more than 700.[5] Known as the Mogao Grottoes，these ancient caves were carved out of the rock over a period of 1，000 years.If you look up，you can see the paintings and other artworks [6]that are testimony to how the Silk Road brought East and West together.Look at these statues ！ You can see elements from Ancient Greece，India and Iran.Now look around the walls of the cave.[7]Come a little bit closer so that you can get a better view .Look at them！The murals cover an astonishing area of 45，000 square metres.
[3]动词-ing形式短语作后置定语。此处 world-class tourist destination 与 boast 之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，所以用动词-ing形式。
[4]“介词(of)＋关系代词(which)”引导的非限制性定语从句，which 指代 caves。
[5]过去分词短语作状语，be known as...意为“作为……而出名”。
[6]that 引导的定语从句，that 指代先行词paintings and other artworks，在从句中作主语。介词to后是 how 引导的宾语从句。
[7]so that 引导目的状语从句，主句是一个祈使句。
③glorious/'ɡl ri s/adj.辉煌的；光荣的
④represent vt.展示；表现
⑤significance n.(尤指对将来有影响的)重要性，意义；意思
significant adj.有重大意义的，显著的
attach significance to...认为……意义重大；重视
⑥exchange n.(不同国家人或团体之间的)交流，互访
cultural and commercial exchange文化与商业交流
⑦tourist destination旅游胜地
⑧boast/b ust/v.(地方、机构等)自豪地拥有(好的事物)
⑨UNESCO-protected受联合国教科文组织保护的
⑩heritage n.遗产
be carved out of...用……雕刻而成的
statue/'st t u /n.雕像；塑像
get a better view看得更清楚
astonishing adj.令人十分惊讶的，使人大为惊奇的
cover an area of...占地……
The subjects of the Dunhuang murals vary from religious stories to scenes of everyday life.But one type of mural [8]that is unique to Dunhuang shows the Apsaras，or“Flying Immortals”.Representations of these heavenly musicians，singers and dancers decorate the walls of many caves.Take a look at this mural.The Apsaras are depicted sailing in the bright blue sky，[9]with their scarves flying，as if they are about to fly down to meet us.And here is another one.Move over here where you can see it in more detail .The Apsaras are holding lotuses，playing musical instruments，dancing and throwing flowers.The painting of Apsaras reached a peak during the Tang Dynasty; these images are full of life，[10]reflecting the confidence and optimism of people from that time.
[8]that 引导的定语从句，修饰先行词 one type of mural，that 在从句中作主语。
[9]本句是主从复合句。with their scarves flying 是“with ＋宾语＋动词-ing形式”结构；as if 引导方式状语从句。
[10]动词-ing形式短语作状语。
vary vi.变化 vary from...to... 由……到……不同
depict vt.描绘，描画
scarf n.围巾，披巾，头巾
in more detail 更为详细
peak/pi k/n.顶点，高峰
Now，something really extraordinary happened in 1900，when a Taoist priest made one of the most important finds of the 20th century.[11]In a sealed cave，now known as the famous Library Cave，were hidden thousands of manuscripts，paintings and scrolls ，as well as silk embroideries.We'll have a chance to see some of them shortly—the Library Cave is only a stone's throw from here.[12]Dating from 405 AD to 1002 AD，these hidden treasures give us a picture of Dunhuang when it was at the very centre of the Silk Road trade.Thanks to this ancient library，we now know that goods arrived in Dunhuang from as far away as North-east Europe，and that goods were also exported from Dunhuang across Asia and Europe.
[11]表示地点的介词短语 In a sealed cave 位于句首，句子用了全部倒装。
[12]本句是主从复合句。Dating from...1002 AD 是动词-ing形式短语作状语；when 引导定语从句。
[13]The scrolls are so detailed that they describe the vast range of goods that were imported and exported from Dunhuang，such as ceramics ，medicine，perfumes and fruit，to name just a few .The scrolls also reveal how many different communities lived side-by-side within this great city.However，the reason [14]why the Library Cave was sealed up all those years ago remains a mystery.
[13]本句含有“so...that...”结构。句中第一个that 引导结果状语从句，该状语从句中又包含一个that 引导的定语从句，that 指代先行词 goods。
[14]本句是主从复合句。why 引导定语从句，修饰先行词 the reason，并在从句中作原因状语。
find n.发现物，被发现的人(尤指有趣、有价值或有用者)
sealed adj.密封的 seal vt.密封
seal sth (up)(with sth) (用某物)密封某物
scroll/skr l/n.纸卷，卷轴
throw n.投掷的距离；抛，扔
a stone's throw 很近的距离，不远处
arrive vi.送达，寄到
export vt.& vi.输出，出口 import v.进口
detailed adj.详细的，精细的
ceramics/s 'r mIks/n.陶瓷制品
perfume n.香料
to name just a few 仅举几例
reveal vt.显示，透露；揭露
In the Ming Dynasty，trade routes changed and Dunhuang was not [15]as prosperous as it used to be.Gradually，it faded from memory，even though it was once such a great city.
[15]本句是主从复合句。句中含有“as...as...”结构，第二个 as 引导比较状语从句。
prosperous adj.繁荣的，兴旺的
fade v.逐渐消失；褪色
fade from...从……逐渐消失
This century is bringing the Silk Road to life once more through the Belt and Road Initiative .Dunhuang has once again become a global crossroads since it hosted hundreds of representatives from 51 countries for the Silk Road International Cultural Expo in 2017.[16]Given that the theme of the Expo was to promote cultural exchange and strengthen mutual cooperation between the countries along the Silk Road，Dunhuang was the ideal place.
[16]本句包含Given that 引导的原因状语从句。
Now let's move on to the next cave...
bring...to life 使……焕发生机
the Belt and Road Initiative “一带一路”倡议
initiative n.倡议
crossroads/'kr sr dz/n.活动中心，汇集地
the Silk Road International Cultural Expo丝绸之路国际文化博览会
expo/'eksp /n.展览会，博览会
strengthen/'stre θ( )n/v.加强；巩固
mutual adj.相互的；共同的
move on (to sth) 开始做(别的事)；换话题
【参考译文】
欢迎来到敦煌！
欢迎来到敦煌！这座城市坐落在古丝绸之路上，曾经是古代中国的门户、东西方交汇的地方，也是沙海中的绿岛。你可以想象，当旅行者们看到敦煌绿洲就在眼前时，他们的感受将会是怎样的。
敦煌悠久而辉煌的历史展现了它作为文化和商业往来中心的重要性。敦煌现在是世界级旅游胜地，拥有受联合国教科文组织保护的文化遗产。敦煌有七百多个洞窟，现在我们将要参观其中几个著名的洞窟。这些古老的洞窟被称为莫高窟，是一千多年前在岩石上雕刻而成的。你抬起头就可以看见壁画和其他艺术品，它们见证了丝绸之路是如何将东西方连接在一起的。看看这些塑像！
你可以从中发现古希腊、古印度和古伊朗的元素。现在我们来看看洞窟四周的墙壁，请靠近一点，这样你就可以看得更清楚。看看这些壁画！它们的面积有45 000平方米，非常惊人。
敦煌壁画的主题多样，从宗教故事到日常生活，场景各不相同。但是，有一种壁画是敦煌独有的，画的是飞天，也就是“飞仙”。很多洞窟的墙壁上都画着天上的乐师、歌者和舞者。我们看这幅壁画，上面画的是飞天在蔚蓝的天空中飞行，他们帔巾飘飘，好像要飞下来迎接我们。再看这幅，请走到这里，你可以看到更多细节。你可以看到飞天手捧莲花、演奏乐器、跳舞、抛花。飞天的绘画在唐朝达到了顶峰；这些图案栩栩如生，反映了当时人们的自信和乐观。
1900年发生了一件非同寻常的事，一位道士的发现，成了二十世纪最重大的发现之一。 在一个封闭的洞窟，也就是现在著名的藏经洞中，藏有成千上万的手稿、绘画、卷轴以及丝绸刺绣。藏经洞离这里很近，我们很快将有机会观看其中的一些展品。这些隐藏的宝藏可追溯到公元405年至公元1002年间，为我们展现了敦煌作为丝绸之路贸易中心时的画面。多亏这个古老的图书馆，我们才得以了解当时的情况：货物从遥远的欧洲东北部抵达敦煌，也从敦煌出口到亚洲和欧洲各地。这些卷轴内容非常详细，描述了敦煌进出口的各种商品，例如陶瓷、药品、香料和水果等。这些卷轴还展示了许多不同的群体是如何共同生活在这座名城中的。然而，藏经洞为什么在多年以前被密封起来？这至今仍是个谜。
明代，贸易路线发生了变化，敦煌也不像以前那样繁华。尽管敦煌曾经是一个如此繁华的大城市，但它还是渐渐淡出了人们的记忆。
21世纪，“一带一路”倡议为丝绸之路带来新生。2017 年，51个国家的数百名代表齐聚此地，参加丝绸之路国际文化博览会，敦煌再次成为世界的活动中心。鉴于博览会的主题是促进文化交流，加强丝绸之路沿线国家的相互合作，敦煌正是理想的会址。
现在让我们去参观下一个洞窟……
1.What's the main idea of the passage
A.The Belt and Road Initiative.
B.The social status of Dunhuang in ancient and modern history.
C.How the famous Library Cave was found.
D.The importance of the old Silk Road.
答案 B
2.Choose the main idea of each part.
A.The important status and main attractions of Dunhuang.
B.Dunhuang's decline in status.
C.A new lease of life for Dunhuang.
D.Brief introduction of Dunhuang.
Part 1(Para.1)： Part 2(Paras.2－4)：____
Part 3(Para.5)： Part 4(Paras.6－7)：____
D
A
B
C
Choose the best answers according to the passage.
1.What makes the Dunhuang murals most special
A.Showing the Apsaras.
B.Having a long history.
C.Telling religious stories.
D.Being located in a big cave.
答案 A
2.What does the word “something” in paragraph 4 refer to
A.People sealing up the Library Cave.
B.Goods being exported from Dunhuang.
C.A Taoist priest visiting Dunhuang.
D.The famous Library Cave being discovered.
答案 D
3.What made Dunhuang fade from memory
A.Changes in trade routes.
B.Internal conflicts within the city.
C.Invasion of neighbouring civilizations.
D.Economic decline due to natural disasters.
答案 A
4.Why did 51 countries attend the Expo
A.To revive Dunhuang's status.
B.To raise money for the Mogao Grottoes.
C.To explore the mystery of the Library Cave.
D.To promote their exchange and cooperation.
答案 D
5.What makes Dunhuang a global crossroads again
A.People's attraction by murals.
B.The Silk Road.
C.The Silk Road International Cultural Expo.
D.The Belt and Road Initiative.
答案 D
1.If you look up，you can see the paintings and other artworks that are testimony to how the Silk Road brought East and West together.
[句式分析] 本句为复合句。句中if引导 从句；that引导 从句，修饰先行词 the paintings and other artworks，其中how引导 从句。
[自主翻译] _______________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
条件状语
定语
宾语
你抬起头就可以看见壁画和其他艺术品，它们见证了丝绸之路是如何将东西方连接在一起的。
2.The Apsaras are depicted sailing in the bright blue sky，with their scarves flying，as if they are about to fly down to meet us.
[句式分析] 本句为复合句。句中with their scarves flying是with复合结构；as if 引导 ___________从句。
[自主翻译] ______________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
方式状语
上面画的是飞天在蔚蓝的天空中飞行，他们帔巾飘飘，好像要飞下来迎接我们。
On the old Silk Road，Dunhuang was the gateway to and from Ancient China.Today it is a world-class 1. (tour) destination known for its Mogao Grottoes，where murals cover 2. astonishing area of 45，000 square metres.The subjects of the Dunhuang murals vary from religious 3. (story) to scenes of everyday life.But one type of mural 4. is unique to Dunhuang shows the Apsaras.The Apsaras are depicted 5. ______ (sail) in the bright blue sky，with 6. (they)scarves flying，as if they are about to fly down to meet us.
tourist
an
stories
that
sailing
their
The famous Library Cave was found in 1900.7. (date) from 405 AD to 1002 AD，these hidden treasures in the cave give us a picture of Dunhuang 8. it was at the very centre of the Silk Road trade.In the Ming Dynasty，trade routes 9. (change) and Dunhuang was not as prosperous as it used to be.This century is bringing the Silk Road to life once more through the Belt and Road Initiative.Dunhuang has once again become a 10. (globe) crossroads.
Dating
when
changed
global
1.If you have a chance to visit Dunhuang，what do you most like to see Why？(创造性思维)
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2.Why does Dunhuang become a global crossroads once again？(批判性思维)
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
If I am lucky enough to visit Dunhuang，I would most like to visit the Apsaras，because legends about them are so attractive to me.
In the past，it was the centre of cultural and commercial exchange on the old Silk Road.
Today，thanks to the Belt and Road Initiative，Dunhuang once again becomes a centre of exchange between the countries along the Silk Road.
Ⅰ.阅读词汇
选出与单词对应的汉语释义
1.gateway n. A.(沙漠中的)绿洲
2.oasis n. B.活动中心，汇集地
3.grotto n. C.小洞穴
4.mural n. D.通向……的门户
5.Apsaras n. E.展览会，博览会
6.immortal n. F.壁画
7.scroll n. G.陶瓷制品
8.ceramics n. H.神
9.crossroads n. I.飞天
10.expo n. J.纸卷，卷轴
答案 1.D 2.A 3.C 4.F 5.I 6.H 7.J 8.G 9.B 10.E
Ⅱ.核心词汇
1. v. (地方、机构等)自豪地拥有(好的事物)
2. n. 证据；证明
3. n. 雕像；塑像
4. n. 高峰，顶点
Ⅲ.拓展词汇
1. adj.辉煌的→glory n.光荣；辉煌
2. adj.宗教的→religion n.宗教
3. adj.天国的→heaven n.天堂；天国
4. v.加强→strong adj.强壮的→strength n.力量；力气
5. n.覆盖范围→cover v.遮盖；包含；报道；足以支付
boast
testimony
statue
peak
glorious
religious
heavenly
strengthen
coverage
Ⅳ.核心短语
1. 由……到……不同
2. 追溯到
3. 多亏；由于
4. 使……焕发生机/复活
5. 从……逐渐消失
6. 见证了
7. 是……独有的
8. 详细地
9. 密封
10. 仅举几例
vary from...to...
date from
thanks to
bring...(back) to life
fade from
be testimony to
be unique to
in detail
seal up
to name just a few
Ⅴ.经典句式
1.完全倒装
(在一个封闭的洞窟，也就是现在著名的藏经洞中，藏有) thousands of manuscripts，paintings and scrolls，as well as silk embroideries.
2.so...that...引导结果状语从句
(这些卷轴内容非常详细) they describe the vast range of goods that were imported and exported from Dunhuang，such as ceramics，medicine，perfumes and fruit，to name just a few.
In a sealed cave，now known as the famous Library Cave，were hidden
The scrolls are so detailed that
3.given that引导原因状语从句
(鉴于) the theme of the Expo was to promote cultural exchange and strengthen mutual cooperation between the countries along the Silk Road，Dunhuang was the ideal place.
Given that
1.strengthen v.加强；变强(→strength n.体力，力气；意志力；优势，优点；长处→strong adj.强壮的；强大的；强烈的；坚决的→strongly adv.强烈地，强有力地)
[教材原句] Given that the theme of the Expo was to promote cultural exchange and strengthen mutual cooperation between the countries along the Silk Road，Dunhuang was the ideal place.
鉴于博览会的主题是促进文化交流，加强丝绸之路沿线国家的相互合作，敦煌正是理想的会址。
词汇精研
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①(2024·北京卷)These abilities (strengthen) by our capacity for language，which allows social practices to develop in extremely unobvious ways.
②(2024·北京卷)Because arguing angrily leads to chaos，it was (strong) discouraged.
have the strength to do sth 有力量/意志做某事
build up one's strength 增强某人的体质
strength(s) and weakness(es) 优势和劣势
are strengthened
strongly
③为了增强我们的体质和缓解压力，下个月将举办各种活动，如篮球比赛、乒乓球比赛和拔河比赛。(应用文写作之通知)
，various kinds of activities are scheduled to be held next month，such as basketball games，table tennis games and tug-of-war.
④在线学习有优点也有缺点，要成为明智的在线学习者，我们必须区分不同的在线学习材料。
Online learning has ;to be smart online learners，we must distinguish different learning materials online.
To build up our strength and release pressure
strengths and weaknesses
2.coverage n.覆盖范围；新闻报道[→cover v.盖，覆盖；包括，涉及；报道；足以支付；行走(一段路程)；占(一片面积) n.封皮；盖子；套子；表面]
[教材原句] Coverage：45，000 square metres占地面积：45 000平方米
cover...with... 用……覆盖……
be covered with/by 被……覆盖
cover an area of... 占地面积为……
under (the) cover of 在……的掩护下；趁着……
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①To sum up，today's lecture has covered some of the advantages and disadvantages of the press conference，and three important factors in successful news (cover).
②He felt so sad that he covered his face his hands and wept.(读后续写之动作描写)
③再往上走，天气变了——低低的云层笼罩着山坡，山坡上长满了茂密的草。(读后续写之环境描写)
Further up，the weather changes—low clouds envelop the mountainsides，which ______
thick grass.
coverage
with
are
covered with/by
④我们的新学校体育场占地约6 000平方米，是旧体育场面积的三倍。
Our new school stadium about 6，000 square meters，which is three times the size of the old one.
covers an area of
3.date from 追溯到；始于
[教材原句] Dating from 405 AD to 1002 AD，these hidden treasures give us a picture of Dunhuang when it was at the very centre of the Silk Road trade.
这些隐藏的宝藏可追溯到公元405年至公元1002年间，为我们展现了敦煌作为丝绸之路贸易中心时的画面。
(1)date from＝date back to 追溯到，始于
date back 追溯；上溯(后接时间段)
(2)set a date for... 确定……的日期
up to date 最新式的，现代的；掌握最新信息的
out of date 过时的；过期的
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/一句多译
①Another famous scenic spot is Dujiangyan Irrigation Project，which dates over 2，000 years ago.(应用文写作之投稿)
②Schools have integrated AI tools into classrooms so as to be up date with modern technology.
③The coat is of date，so you'd better choose another style of fashion in this store.
back
out
to
④中国的饮茶文化有着悠久的历史，可以追溯到1 000多年前。(应用文写作之推荐信)
→Chinese tea-drinking culture has a long history _________________________________
.(定语从句)
→Chinese tea-drinking culture has a long history _________________________________
.(分词短语作定语)
[温馨提示] date back (to)一般只用现在时态，没有被动语态。
which dates back to/from more than
1，000 years ago
dating back to/from more than 1，000
years ago
4.bring...(back) to life 使……焕发生机/复活
[教材原句] This century is bringing the Silk Road to life once more through the Belt and Road Initiative.
21世纪，“一带一路”倡议为丝绸之路带来新生。
come to life 复活；苏醒过来；变得活跃
lead/live a...life 过……的生活
get...back to life 使……苏醒/复活，使……恢复活力
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①(2024·全国甲卷)Meowing starts as soon as a baby cat is brought life and uses it to get the mother's attention and be fed.
②The garden came life in spring，bursting with blooming flowers and buzzing bees.
③Although he is very wealthy，he still leads simple life.
④她屏住呼吸，默默祈祷，希望心肺复苏术能让溺水的孩子起死回生。(读后续写之动作描写)
She held her breath，and prayed silently hoping the CPR would _____________________
_______________.
to
to
a
get/bring the drowned
child back to life
1.完全倒装
[教材原句] In a sealed cave，now known as the famous Library Cave，were hidden thousands of manuscripts，paintings and scrolls，as well as silk embroideries.
在一个封闭的洞窟，也就是现在著名的藏经洞中，藏有成千上万的手稿、绘画、卷轴以及丝绸刺绣。
(1)教材原句为介词短语置于句首引起的完全倒装句，其正常语序为：Thousands of manuscripts，paintings and scrolls，as well as silk embroideries were hidden in a sealed cave...。
句式剖析
(2)完全倒装是把整个谓语放到主语之前，完全倒装句的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能进行完全倒装。常使用完全倒装的情况：
①表示地点的介词短语作表语或状语并置于句首时；
②以副词here，there，out，in，up，down，away，then，now等开头，后面的动词是be，come，exist，fall，follow，go，lie，remain，seem，stand (表示移动或状态的不及物动词)等时；
③有时为了强调，可将谓语部分的动词-ing形式、过去分词置于句首，句子进行完全倒装。
[即学即练] 完成句子/句式升级
①这里有一些实用的建议，可以让你的学习更高效。
for you to make your study more effective.
②宿舍前和道路旁，随处可见同学们各司其职，有的挖坑，有的填土，有的浇水。
who served their purposes，some digging holes，some filling soil，and some watering.
Here are some practical suggestions
In front of the dormitories and beside the road were students
③然后最激动人心的部分——才艺表演开始了。
—the talent show.
④The days when handwritten letters were the primary way to share news are gone.
→ when handwritten letters were the primary way to share news.
⑤Reading is at the top of the list，which broadens our horizons and enriches our minds.
→ ，which broadens our horizons and enriches our minds.
Then came the most exciting part
Gone are the days
At the top of the list is reading
2.given that引导原因状语从句
[教材原句] Given that the theme of the Expo was to promote cultural exchange and strengthen mutual cooperation between the countries along the Silk Road，Dunhuang was the ideal place.
鉴于博览会的主题是促进文化交流，加强丝绸之路沿线国家的相互合作，敦煌正是理想的会址。
(1)given that 引导原因状语从句，在句中作连词，意为“鉴于，考虑到”，相当于considering; given用作介词，后可接名词(词组)，意为“鉴于，考虑到”。
(2)given that引导条件状语从句，表示“假如、如果、只要”等假设条件。遵循“主将从现”原则，主句用将来时或情态动词，从句用一般现在时。
(3)其他类似用法
considering prep.& conj.考虑到，鉴于
provided/providing (that)如果，假设，在……条件下
assuming (that) 假设；假定
supposing/suppose (that) 假如；如果
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Given that he (given) another chance, he will surely succeed.
② (give) the severe weather conditions, it was surprising that the team managed to reach their destination on time.
③ (suppose) that the weather is good, we will go for a hike this weekend.
④(译林选必四U2)这并不奇怪，因为英语借用了300多种不同语言的词汇，包括拉丁语、希腊语、法语和汉语。
This comes as no surprise, ____________________________________________________
,including Latin, Greek, French and Chinese.
is given
Given
Supposing/Suppose
given that English has borrowed words from more than 300
different languages
一、课文词汇
1.a long and glorious history 悠久而辉煌的历史
2.a centre of cultural and commercial exchange 文化与商业往来的中心
3.a world-class tourist destination 世界级旅游胜地
4.get a better view 看得更清楚
文化交流
5.be known as the famous Library Cave 被称为著名的藏经洞
6.date from 405 AD to 1002 AD 追溯到公元405年至公元1002年间
7.bring the Silk Road to life 为丝绸之路带来新生
8.promote cultural exchange 促进文化交流
9.strengthen mutual cooperation 加强相互合作
二、其他表达
1.participate in 参加，参与
2.cultural exchange 文化交流
1
一、课文原句
1.The Apsaras are depicted sailing in the bright blue sky，with their scarves flying，as if they are about to fly down to meet us.
上面画的是飞天在蔚蓝的天空中飞行，他们帔巾飘飘，好像要飞下来迎接我们。
2.The scrolls are so detailed that they describe the vast range of goods that were imported and exported from Dunhuang，such as ceramics，medicine，perfumes and fruit，to name just a few.
这些卷轴内容非常详细，描述了敦煌进出口的各种商品，例如陶瓷、药品、香料和水果等。
3.Given that the theme of the Expo was to promote cultural exchange and strengthen mutual cooperation between the countries along the Silk Road，Dunhuang was the ideal place.
鉴于博览会的主题是促进文化交流，加强丝绸之路沿线国家的相互合作，敦煌正是理想的会址。
二、其他表达
1.Cultural exchange is very important as it helps us understand different cultures and promote mutual understanding.
文化交流非常重要，因为它有助于我们了解不同的文化，促进相互理解。
2.Traveling is not only about seeing new places，but also about experiencing different cultures.
旅行不仅仅是看新的地方，也是体验不同的文化。
3.By visiting different countries，we can learn about their unique cultures and traditions.
通过参观不同的国家，我们可以了解他们独特的文化和传统。
4.Respecting different cultures is essential for promoting cultural exchange.
尊重不同的文化对于促进文化交流至关重要。
1.文化交流不但丰富了我们的生活，也拓宽了我们的视野。
________________________________________________________________________
2.与他人分享我们自己的文化有助于建立理解的桥梁。
________________________________________________________________________
3.参与国际交流项目使我们能够与来自不同文化的人互动，拓展我们的世界观，培养沟通能力。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Cultural exchange not only enriches our lives but also broadens our horizons.
Sharing our own culture with others can help build bridges of understanding.
Participating in international exchange programs allows us to interact with people from diverse cultures，expanding our worldview and developing communication skills.
(满分：62.5分)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分)
1.China has a long and (glory) history spanning over 5，000 years.
2.The volume offers incomplete (cover) of the history of philosophy.
3.Sichuan has always enjoyed the reputation of being a “ (heaven) Land of Plenty ”.
4.The exercises are designed to (strength) your stomach muscles.
5.Volunteers brought the abandoned garden back life by planting flowers and trimming bushes.
glorious
coverage
Heavenly
strengthen
to
6.The origins of gunpowder in China also date the 9th century AD.
7.The museum displays artifacts from various eras—pottery，weapons，and jewelry，___ name just a few.
8.The conceptions and practices of child education vary culture to culture.
9.Workers sealed the ancient tomb to protect its contents from air and moisture.
10.Over time，the vivid colors on the mural faded bright red to pale pink.
from
to
from
up
from
Ⅱ.完成句子/句型转换(每小题3分，共15分)
1.考虑到他们缺乏经验，他们的工作已经算是做得相当不错了。(given that引导原因状语从句)
，they've done a good job.
2.下次你来我们的城市时，一定要提前给我打电话，以便我可以做一些必要的安排。(so that引导目的状语从句)
The next time you visit our city，you must call me ahead of schedule _________________
_________________________.
Given that they're inexperienced
so that I can make
some necessary arrangements
3.这个房间如此小，以至于我不必太费劲就可以保持它的干净。(so...that...从句)
It is I don't have to do much to keep it clean.
4.大约两小时后，我们带着装满东西的篮子，带着疲惫但满足的表情走了出去。(with复合结构)
About two hours later， ，we went out，wearing tired but satisfied expressions.
5.John opened the door.A girl that he had never seen before stood there.(全部倒装)
→John opened the door.There he had never seen before.
so small a room that
with our baskets full
stood a girl
Ⅲ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共17.5分)
A
Five Ancient Chinese Poems about Spring
As the winter chill still lingers through early spring，longing for warm days has sprung up everywhere.Before the flowers are in full blossom，here is a collection of ancient Chinese poems picturing the revival of life during spring.The English translations used in this article are from Chinese translator Xu Yuanchong's editions.
Spring Morning—by Meng Haoran (689－740) of the Tang Dynasty (618－907)
This spring morning in bed I'm lying，
Not to awake till birds are crying.
After one night of wind and showers，
How many are the fallen flowers
Written in a Village South of the Capital—by Cui Hu (772－846) of the Tang Dynasty
In this house on this day last year，a pink face vied；
In beauty with the pink peach blossoms side by side.
I do not know today where the pink face has gone；
In the vernal breeze still smile pink peach blossoms full-blown.
Happy Rain on a Spring Night (Excerpts)—by Du Fu (712－770) of the Tang Dynasty
Good rain knows its time right；
It will fall when comes spring.
With wind it steals in night；
Mute，it moistens each thing.
Dreaming of the Southern Shore—by Bai Juyi (772－846) of the Tang Dynasty
Fair Southern shore，
With scenes I adore.
At sunrise riverside flowers redder than fire，
In spring green waves grow as blue as sapphire，
Which I can't but admire.
Love Seeds—by Wang Wei (701－761) of the Tang Dynasty
Red berries grow in the southern land，
How many load in spring the trees
Gather them till full is your hand；
They would revive fond memories.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了五首关于春天的古诗词。
1.What can we learn about the poets
A.Meng Haoran lived longer than other poets.
B.Both Cui Hu and Bai Juyi died at the same age.
C.All of the poets were not from the Tang Dynasty.
D.Cui Hu wrote a poem highlighting the color green.
解析 B 细节理解题。根据第二首诗“Written in a Village South of the Capital—by Cui Hu (772－846) of the Tang Dynasty”以及第四首诗“Dreaming of the Southern Shore—by Bai Juyi (772－846) of the Tang Dynasty”可知，崔护与白居易均享年74岁。故选B。
2.Which one of the poems mentions the scene along a river
A.Love Seeds.
B.Happy Rain on a Spring Night.
C.Dreaming of the Southern Shore.
D.Written in a Village South of the Capital.
解析 C 细节理解题。根据第四首诗“Dreaming of the Southern Shore—by Bai Juyi”的“At sunrise riverside flowers redder than fire，/In spring green waves grow as blue as sapphire”可知，这首诗描写了沿河的风景。故选C。
3.Which season are the poems probably talking about
A.Spring. B.Summer.
C.Autumn. D.Winter.
解析 A 细节理解题。根据文章标题和第一段中“Before the flowers are in full blossom，here is a collection of ancient Chinese poems picturing the revival of life during spring.”以及五首诗歌的内容可知，这些诗是描写春天的。故选A。
B
A gala evening titled The Spirit of the Great Wall，performed by China's Jilin Provincial International Cultural Exchange Center，was held in London on Monday.Inspired by stories surrounding China's monumental construction，the Great Wall，the event featured a variety of performances，including dance，traditional folk opera，acrobatics，and martial arts，displaying the country's diverse ethnic cultures.
The show featured 13 performances，starting with a grand display that amazed the audience with the powerful and spirited beats of Chinese drums.
The audience was also attracted by the graceful elegance of the folk dances.A group of dancers，wearing red straw hats and flowing red skirts，moved gracefully to the center of the stage，with their grace dance steps showing the unique beauty of the East.
The art group from Northeast China's Jilin Province also brought their show to Edinburgh from August 12 to 14 during the Edinburgh International Festival，one of the world's most famous arts festivals，held in the Scottish capital.
The performing group from Jilin Province in Northeast China graced the Edinburgh International Festival with their performance，bringing a unique cultural experience that increased the event's pleasure for all those present.
“We hope that，through the performance，United Kingdom audiences can understand the deep meaning of traditional Chinese culture and experience its diverse ethnic traditions，” said Sha Bin，director of the Jilin Provincial International Cultural Exchange Center.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了一场名为《长城魂》的晚会在伦敦上演，吉林文化交流团带来精彩舞蹈、传统戏曲等，展示中国民族文化魅力，让英国观众感受传统中华文化的深厚底蕴。
4.What is the first paragraph mainly concerned with
A.The location of the performance.
B.The purpose of the performance.
C.The diversity of Chinese culture.
D.The organization of a cultural event.
解析 D 段落大意题。根据第一段的内容可知，本段主要介绍了文化活动的组织过程，即时间、地点、表演者及表演形式。故选D。
5.What do we know about the performances
A.They were held in London and Edinburgh.
B.They featured mainly Chinese dances.
C.They were organized by the UK.
D.They lasted for a week.
解析 A 细节理解题。根据第一段“A gala evening titled The Spirit of the Great Wall...was held in London on Monday.”及第四段“The art group from Northeast China's Jilin Province also brought their show to Edinburgh from August 12 to 14...”可知，演出是在伦敦和爱丁堡举行的。故选A。
6.What does the underlined word “graced” in paragraph 5 probably mean
A.Comforted B.Honored.
C.Admired. D.Touched.
解析 B 词义猜测题。根据画线词后的结果状语“bringing a unique cultural experience that increased the event's pleasure for all those present”及画线词的宾语“the Edinburgh International Festival”可知，来自中国东北吉林省的表演团体在爱丁堡国际艺术节上进行了精彩的表演，为观众带来了一种独特的文化体验，增加了所有在场者的活动乐趣，应该是给这场艺术节添光，graced在此处意为“使增光，使生辉”，与honored意思接近。故选B。
7.What does Sha Bin's statement imply
A.He has high expectations for the performance.
B.He hopes to improve the performance.
C.He is satisfied with the audience's reaction.
D.He wants to organize more events.
解析 A 推理判断题。根据最后一段“We hope that，through the performance，United Kingdom audiences can understand the deep meaning of traditional Chinese culture and experience its diverse ethnic traditions”可知，沙斌对演出的效果寄予厚望，希望通过这次演出，英国观众能够理解中国传统文化的深刻内涵，并体验其丰富多彩的民族传统。故选A。
Ⅳ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分)
I was so excited to cover a new adventure to Qomolangma when I was a journalist.Yet things didn't 1 the way I wanted—Once I got off the vehicle at the base camp，I was 2 by dizziness (眩晕) and shortness of breath— 3 of mountain sickness.Even the act of taking a few steps demanded an extraordinary amount of 4 .
At that moment，a question 5 within me：Why do people keep climbing Mount Qomolangma When asked this question，British mountaineer George Mallory gave his famous 6 ：“Because it's there”.
Mallory reminds me of countless climbers who have put their lives at risk to 7 the mountain's towering height with their own footsteps.They 8 an almost vertical (垂直的) wall close to the top.It is so difficult to find 9 points for climbing that the earliest climbers thought no one could get past the wall.
In 1960，Liu Lianman，a Chinese climber， 10 to let his teammates step on his shoulders to cross the wall.Already 11 ，he gathered all his strength to uplift his teammates.Though his 12 did not appear on the list of those who reached the top，Liu is undoubtedly a true 13 .
I recalled the interview with Dong Hongjuan，the first woman to conquer 14 mountains above 8，000 meters，who 14 understands how small humans are compared to nature.She told me，“I never felt I conquered those mountains; it's just that the mountains 15 me.”
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过讲述作者亲历珠峰探险的经历，结合登山者的故事，探讨了挑战自然的精神。
1.A.turn out B.turn in
C.turn down D.turn to
解析 A 根据下文“the way I wanted—Once I got off the vehicle at the base camp，I was ________ by dizziness and shortness of breath”可知，事情没有像作者想的那样发生。故选A。
2.A.drawn B.abandoned
C.overcome D.sheltered
解析 C 根据下文“by dizziness and shortness of breath”可知，作者被这些症状困扰，be overcome by 表示“被……所征服，被……所困扰”。故选C。
3.A.symbols B.signs
C.manners D.causes
解析 B 根据上文“by dizziness and shortness of breath”可知，眩晕和呼吸短促是高原反应的迹象。故选B。
4.A.patience B.effort
C.knowledge D.practice
解析 B 根据上文“by dizziness and shortness of breath—______of mountain sickness”可知，因为有高原反应，所以走几步都要付出很大努力。故选B。
5.A.ended B.expanded
C.arose D.returned
解析 C 根据下文“within me：Why do people keep climbing Mount Qomolangma？”可知，一个问题在作者心中产生。故选C。
6.A.reply B.suggestion
C.resolution D.guidance
解析 A 根据上文“When asked this question”可知，当被问到这个问题时，他给出回答。故选A。
7.A.occupy B.measure
C.confirm D.protect
解析 B 根据下文“the mountain's towering height with their own footsteps”可知，登山者们用脚步丈量山的高度。故选B。
8.A.run into B.depend on
C.pull down D.put up
解析 A 根据下文“an almost vertical wall close to the top”可知，登山者们遇到了这样的一面墙。故选A。
9.A.checking B.viewing
C.starting D.supporting
解析 D 根据下文“points for climbing”可知，这里指的是很难找到攀爬的支撑点。故选D。
10.A.hesitated B.pretended
C.happened D.offered
解析 D 根据下文“to let his teammates step on his shoulders to cross the wall”可知，刘连满主动提出让队友踩在他的肩膀上，offer to do sth表示“主动提出做某事”。故选D。
11.A.starved B.heart-broken
C.worn-out D.annoyed
解析 C 根据下文“gathered all his strength to uplift his teammates”可知，他已经很累了，筋疲力尽，但还是用尽全身力气托举队友。故选C。
12.A.motive B.achievement
C.teammate D.name
解析 D 根据下文“did not appear on the list of those who reached the top”可知，刘的名字没在名单上。故选D。
13.A.hero B.champion
C.genius D.pioneer
解析 A 根据上文“to let his teammates step on his shoulders to cross the wall”及“his __________ did not appear on the list of those who reached the top”可知，刘为了队友做出了很大的付出，虽然他的名字没有出现在登顶者的名单上，但他无疑是一位真正的英雄。故选A。
14.A.fortunately B.eagerly
C.deeply D.merely
解析 C 根据下文“how small humans are compared to nature”可知，董红娟征服了多座高山的经历使她对人类与大自然的关系有深刻的理解。故选C。
15.A.defeated B.discovered
C.prohibited D.accepted
解析 D 根据上文“I never felt I conquered those mountains”可知，董红娟认为不是自己征服了山，而是山接纳了她。故选D。
主题语境：人与社会——跨文化沟通、包容与合作
Wednesday，21 June
My hotel is near downtown①，in the Mission② District，one of the oldest parts of the city.Many of the people living here are from Mexico or Central America.This district used to be a poor area of town，but is now a centre for art，music，and food.In fact，an art movement called the “Mission School” started here.It's influenced by graffiti③ art and comic art.[1]I walked around looking at the street art for a few hours. It was quite modern and lively.Afterwards，I ate some delicious Mexican-Chinese noodles from a food truck.A real mix of cultures here!
In the afternoon，I headed to④ a local museum that showed the historical⑤ changes in California.I learnt that America got California from Mexico in 1848.In the same year，gold was discovered near San Francisco，which started a gold rush.Over 300，000 people came from all over the world to seek⑥ their fortune，and San Francisco quickly became a big city.Many Chinese arrived during this period.To earn a living，some opened up shops and restaurants in Chinatown⑦.Many others found jobs on farms，joined the gold rush，or went to build the railway that joined California to the eastern region of the country.[2]The museum did a really good job of showing how America was built by immigrants⑧from different countries and cultures.When these immigrants left their countries，they carried a bit of home in their hearts，and built a new home here.
This evening，I went to Chinatown.[3]There were so many good cafés and restaurants to choose from. I selected⑨ a Cantonese restaurant that served⑩ its food on beautiful china plates.What great food!
That's enough for today.Tomorrow evening，I'm going to a jazz bar in the Richmond District.Can't wait!
词汇积累 佳句背诵
①downtown adv.在市中心；往市中心
②mission n.传教(区)；重要任务；使命
③graffiti n.[pl.]涂鸦；胡写乱画
④head to (朝……)前进；(向……)去
⑤historical adj.(有关)历史的
⑥seek vt.& vi.寻找；寻求；请求 [1]I walked around looking at the street art for a few hours.(动词-ing形式短语作伴随状语)
一连好几个小时，我四处走着，欣赏街头艺术。
[2]The museum did a really good job of showing how America was built by immigrants from different countries and cultures.(how引导宾语从句)
这家博物馆完美地展示了美国是如何由不同国家和文化的移民建设起来的。
词汇积累 佳句背诵
⑦Chinatown n.唐人街；中国城
⑧immigrant n.(外来)移民；外侨
⑨select vt.选择；挑选；选拔
⑩serve vt.服务；端上(饭菜、茶等)
china n.瓷；瓷器
jazz n.爵士乐
[3]There were so many good cafés and restaurants to choose from.(不定式短语作后置定语)
这里有很多不错的咖啡馆和餐馆可供选择。
【原文呈现】
WELCOME TO DUNHUANG!
Welcome to Dunhuang! On the old Silk Road，this city was the gateway①to and from Ancient China，a place [1]where East met West, and a green island in the middle of the desert.You can only imagine [2]how travellers felt when they saw the oasis② of Dunhuang ahead of them.
[1]此处 where 引导定语从句，修饰先行词 a place，where在从句中作地点状语。
[2]本句是主从复合句。how 引导宾语从句，该从句中 when 引导时间状语从句。
【词汇积累】
①gateway/'ɡeItweI/n.通向……的门户
②oasis/ 'eIsIs/n.(沙漠中的)绿洲
Dunhuang's long and glorious③ history represents④ its significance⑤ as a centre of cultural and commercial exchange⑥.Today，Dunhuang is a world-class tourist destination⑦ [3] boasting⑧ sites with UNESCO-protected⑨heritage⑩ status.Now，we are going to enter some of the city's famous caves，[4]of which there are more than 700.[5] Known as the Mogao Grottoes，these ancient caves were carved out of the rock over a period of 1，000 years.If you look up，you can see the paintings and other artworks [6]that are testimony to how the Silk Road brought East and West together.Look at these statues ！ You can see elements from Ancient Greece，India and Iran.Now look around the walls of the cave.[7]Come a little bit closer so that you can get a better view .Look at them！The murals cover an astonishing area of 45，000 square metres.
[3]动词-ing形式短语作后置定语。此处 world-class tourist destination 与 boast 之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，所以用动词-ing形式。
[4]“介词(of)＋关系代词(which)”引导的非限制性定语从句，which 指代 caves。
[5]过去分词短语作状语，be known as...意为“作为……而出名”。
[6]that 引导的定语从句，that 指代先行词paintings and other artworks，在从句中作主语。介词to后是 how 引导的宾语从句。
[7]so that 引导目的状语从句，主句是一个祈使句。
③glorious/'ɡl ri s/adj.辉煌的；光荣的
④represent vt.展示；表现
⑤significance n.(尤指对将来有影响的)重要性，意义；意思
significant adj.有重大意义的，显著的
attach significance to...认为……意义重大；重视
⑥exchange n.(不同国家人或团体之间的)交流，互访
cultural and commercial exchange文化与商业交流
⑦tourist destination旅游胜地
⑧boast/b ust/v.(地方、机构等)自豪地拥有(好的事物)
⑨UNESCO-protected受联合国教科文组织保护的
⑩heritage n.遗产
be carved out of...用……雕刻而成的
statue/'st t u /n.雕像；塑像
get a better view看得更清楚
astonishing adj.令人十分惊讶的，使人大为惊奇的
cover an area of...占地……
The subjects of the Dunhuang murals vary from religious stories to scenes of everyday life.But one type of mural [8]that is unique to Dunhuang shows the Apsaras，or“Flying Immortals”.Representations of these heavenly musicians，singers and dancers decorate the walls of many caves.Take a look at this mural.The Apsaras are depicted sailing in the bright blue sky，[9]with their scarves flying，as if they are about to fly down to meet us.And here is another one.Move over here where you can see it in more detail .The Apsaras are holding lotuses，playing musical instruments，dancing and throwing flowers.The painting of Apsaras reached a peak during the Tang Dynasty; these images are full of life，[10]reflecting the confidence and optimism of people from that time.
[8]that 引导的定语从句，修饰先行词 one type of mural，that 在从句中作主语。
[9]本句是主从复合句。with their scarves flying 是“with ＋宾语＋动词-ing形式”结构；as if 引导方式状语从句。
[10]动词-ing形式短语作状语。
vary vi.变化 vary from...to... 由……到……不同
depict vt.描绘，描画
scarf n.围巾，披巾，头巾
in more detail 更为详细
peak/pi k/n.顶点，高峰
Now，something really extraordinary happened in 1900，when a Taoist priest made one of the most important finds of the 20th century.[11]In a sealed cave，now known as the famous Library Cave，were hidden thousands of manuscripts，paintings and scrolls ，as well as silk embroideries.We'll have a chance to see some of them shortly—the Library Cave is only a stone's throw from here.[12]Dating from 405 AD to 1002 AD，these hidden treasures give us a picture of Dunhuang when it was at the very centre of the Silk Road trade.Thanks to this ancient library，we now know that goods arrived in Dunhuang from as far away as North-east Europe，and that goods were also exported from Dunhuang across Asia and Europe.
[11]表示地点的介词短语 In a sealed cave 位于句首，句子用了全部倒装。
[12]本句是主从复合句。Dating from...1002 AD 是动词-ing形式短语作状语；when 引导定语从句。
[13]The scrolls are so detailed that they describe the vast range of goods that were imported and exported from Dunhuang，such as ceramics ，medicine，perfumes and fruit，to name just a few .The scrolls also reveal how many different communities lived side-by-side within this great city.However，the reason [14]why the Library Cave was sealed up all those years ago remains a mystery.
[13]本句含有“so...that...”结构。句中第一个that 引导结果状语从句，该状语从句中又包含一个that 引导的定语从句，that 指代先行词 goods。
[14]本句是主从复合句。why 引导定语从句，修饰先行词 the reason，并在从句中作原因状语。
find n.发现物，被发现的人(尤指有趣、有价值或有用者)
sealed adj.密封的 seal vt.密封
seal sth (up)(with sth) (用某物)密封某物
scroll/skr l/n.纸卷，卷轴
throw n.投掷的距离；抛，扔
a stone's throw 很近的距离，不远处
arrive vi.送达，寄到
export vt.& vi.输出，出口 import v.进口
detailed adj.详细的，精细的
ceramics/s 'r mIks/n.陶瓷制品
perfume n.香料
to name just a few 仅举几例
reveal vt.显示，透露；揭露
In the Ming Dynasty，trade routes changed and Dunhuang was not [15]as prosperous as it used to be.Gradually，it faded from memory，even though it was once such a great city.
[15]本句是主从复合句。句中含有“as...as...”结构，第二个 as 引导比较状语从句。
prosperous adj.繁荣的，兴旺的
fade v.逐渐消失；褪色
fade from...从……逐渐消失
This century is bringing the Silk Road to life once more through the Belt and Road Initiative .Dunhuang has once again become a global crossroads since it hosted hundreds of representatives from 51 countries for the Silk Road International Cultural Expo in 2017.[16]Given that the theme of the Expo was to promote cultural exchange and strengthen mutual cooperation between the countries along the Silk Road，Dunhuang was the ideal place.
[16]本句包含Given that 引导的原因状语从句。
Now let's move on to the next cave...
bring...to life 使……焕发生机
the Belt and Road Initiative “一带一路”倡议
initiative n.倡议
crossroads/'kr sr dz/n.活动中心，汇集地
the Silk Road International Cultural Expo丝绸之路国际文化博览会
expo/'eksp /n.展览会，博览会
strengthen/'stre θ( )n/v.加强；巩固
mutual adj.相互的；共同的
move on (to sth) 开始做(别的事)；换话题
【参考译文】
欢迎来到敦煌！
欢迎来到敦煌！这座城市坐落在古丝绸之路上，曾经是古代中国的门户、东西方交汇的地方，也是沙海中的绿岛。你可以想象，当旅行者们看到敦煌绿洲就在眼前时，他们的感受将会是怎样的。
敦煌悠久而辉煌的历史展现了它作为文化和商业往来中心的重要性。敦煌现在是世界级旅游胜地，拥有受联合国教科文组织保护的文化遗产。敦煌有七百多个洞窟，现在我们将要参观其中几个著名的洞窟。这些古老的洞窟被称为莫高窟，是一千多年前在岩石上雕刻而成的。你抬起头就可以看见壁画和其他艺术品，它们见证了丝绸之路是如何将东西方连接在一起的。看看这些塑像！
你可以从中发现古希腊、古印度和古伊朗的元素。现在我们来看看洞窟四周的墙壁，请靠近一点，这样你就可以看得更清楚。看看这些壁画！它们的面积有45 000平方米，非常惊人。
敦煌壁画的主题多样，从宗教故事到日常生活，场景各不相同。但是，有一种壁画是敦煌独有的，画的是飞天，也就是“飞仙”。很多洞窟的墙壁上都画着天上的乐师、歌者和舞者。我们看这幅壁画，上面画的是飞天在蔚蓝的天空中飞行，他们帔巾飘飘，好像要飞下来迎接我们。再看这幅，请走到这里，你可以看到更多细节。你可以看到飞天手捧莲花、演奏乐器、跳舞、抛花。飞天的绘画在唐朝达到了顶峰；这些图案栩栩如生，反映了当时人们的自信和乐观。
1900年发生了一件非同寻常的事，一位道士的发现，成了二十世纪最重大的发现之一。 在一个封闭的洞窟，也就是现在著名的藏经洞中，藏有成千上万的手稿、绘画、卷轴以及丝绸刺绣。藏经洞离这里很近，我们很快将有机会观看其中的一些展品。这些隐藏的宝藏可追溯到公元405年至公元1002年间，为我们展现了敦煌作为丝绸之路贸易中心时的画面。多亏这个古老的图书馆，我们才得以了解当时的情况：货物从遥远的欧洲东北部抵达敦煌，也从敦煌出口到亚洲和欧洲各地。这些卷轴内容非常详细，描述了敦煌进出口的各种商品，例如陶瓷、药品、香料和水果等。这些卷轴还展示了许多不同的群体是如何共同生活在这座名城中的。然而，藏经洞为什么在多年以前被密封起来？这至今仍是个谜。
明代，贸易路线发生了变化，敦煌也不像以前那样繁华。尽管敦煌曾经是一个如此繁华的大城市，但它还是渐渐淡出了人们的记忆。
21世纪，“一带一路”倡议为丝绸之路带来新生。2017 年，51个国家的数百名代表齐聚此地，参加丝绸之路国际文化博览会，敦煌再次成为世界的活动中心。鉴于博览会的主题是促进文化交流，加强丝绸之路沿线国家的相互合作，敦煌正是理想的会址。
现在让我们去参观下一个洞窟……
1.What's the main idea of the passage
A.The Belt and Road Initiative.
B.The social status of Dunhuang in ancient and modern history.
C.How the famous Library Cave was found.
D.The importance of the old Silk Road.
答案 B
2.Choose the main idea of each part.
A.The important status and main attractions of Dunhuang.
B.Dunhuang's decline in status.
C.A new lease of life for Dunhuang.
D.Brief introduction of Dunhuang.
Part 1(Para.1)： Part 2(Paras.2－4)：____
Part 3(Para.5)： Part 4(Paras.6－7)：____
D
A
B
C
Choose the best answers according to the passage.
1.What makes the Dunhuang murals most special
A.Showing the Apsaras.
B.Having a long history.
C.Telling religious stories.
D.Being located in a big cave.
答案 A
2.What does the word “something” in paragraph 4 refer to
A.People sealing up the Library Cave.
B.Goods being exported from Dunhuang.
C.A Taoist priest visiting Dunhuang.
D.The famous Library Cave being discovered.
答案 D
3.What made Dunhuang fade from memory
A.Changes in trade routes.
B.Internal conflicts within the city.
C.Invasion of neighbouring civilizations.
D.Economic decline due to natural disasters.
答案 A
4.Why did 51 countries attend the Expo
A.To revive Dunhuang's status.
B.To raise money for the Mogao Grottoes.
C.To explore the mystery of the Library Cave.
D.To promote their exchange and cooperation.
答案 D
5.What makes Dunhuang a global crossroads again
A.People's attraction by murals.
B.The Silk Road.
C.The Silk Road International Cultural Expo.
D.The Belt and Road Initiative.
答案 D
1.If you look up，you can see the paintings and other artworks that are testimony to how the Silk Road brought East and West together.
[句式分析] 本句为复合句。句中if引导 从句；that引导 从句，修饰先行词 the paintings and other artworks，其中how引导 从句。
[自主翻译] _______________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
条件状语
定语
宾语
你抬起头就可以看见壁画和其他艺术品，它们见证了丝绸之路是如何将东西方连接在一起的。
2.The Apsaras are depicted sailing in the bright blue sky，with their scarves flying，as if they are about to fly down to meet us.
[句式分析] 本句为复合句。句中with their scarves flying是with复合结构；as if 引导 ___________从句。
[自主翻译] ______________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
方式状语
上面画的是飞天在蔚蓝的天空中飞行，他们帔巾飘飘，好像要飞下来迎接我们。
On the old Silk Road，Dunhuang was the gateway to and from Ancient China.Today it is a world-class 1. (tour) destination known for its Mogao Grottoes，where murals cover 2. astonishing area of 45，000 square metres.The subjects of the Dunhuang murals vary from religious 3. (story) to scenes of everyday life.But one type of mural 4. is unique to Dunhuang shows the Apsaras.The Apsaras are depicted 5. ______ (sail) in the bright blue sky，with 6. (they)scarves flying，as if they are about to fly down to meet us.
tourist
an
stories
that
sailing
their
The famous Library Cave was found in 1900.7. (date) from 405 AD to 1002 AD，these hidden treasures in the cave give us a picture of Dunhuang 8. it was at the very centre of the Silk Road trade.In the Ming Dynasty，trade routes 9. (change) and Dunhuang was not as prosperous as it used to be.This century is bringing the Silk Road to life once more through the Belt and Road Initiative.Dunhuang has once again become a 10. (globe) crossroads.
Dating
when
changed
global
1.If you have a chance to visit Dunhuang，what do you most like to see Why？(创造性思维)
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2.Why does Dunhuang become a global crossroads once again？(批判性思维)
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
If I am lucky enough to visit Dunhuang，I would most like to visit the Apsaras，because legends about them are so attractive to me.
In the past，it was the centre of cultural and commercial exchange on the old Silk Road.
Today，thanks to the Belt and Road Initiative，Dunhuang once again becomes a centre of exchange between the countries along the Silk Road.
Ⅰ.阅读词汇
选出与单词对应的汉语释义
1.gateway n. A.(沙漠中的)绿洲
2.oasis n. B.活动中心，汇集地
3.grotto n. C.小洞穴
4.mural n. D.通向……的门户
5.Apsaras n. E.展览会，博览会
6.immortal n. F.壁画
7.scroll n. G.陶瓷制品
8.ceramics n. H.神
9.crossroads n. I.飞天
10.expo n. J.纸卷，卷轴
答案 1.D 2.A 3.C 4.F 5.I 6.H 7.J 8.G 9.B 10.E
Ⅱ.核心词汇
1. v. (地方、机构等)自豪地拥有(好的事物)
2. n. 证据；证明
3. n. 雕像；塑像
4. n. 高峰，顶点
Ⅲ.拓展词汇
1. adj.辉煌的→glory n.光荣；辉煌
2. adj.宗教的→religion n.宗教
3. adj.天国的→heaven n.天堂；天国
4. v.加强→strong adj.强壮的→strength n.力量；力气
5. n.覆盖范围→cover v.遮盖；包含；报道；足以支付
boast
testimony
statue
peak
glorious
religious
heavenly
strengthen
coverage
Ⅳ.核心短语
1. 由……到……不同
2. 追溯到
3. 多亏；由于
4. 使……焕发生机/复活
5. 从……逐渐消失
6. 见证了
7. 是……独有的
8. 详细地
9. 密封
10. 仅举几例
vary from...to...
date from
thanks to
bring...(back) to life
fade from
be testimony to
be unique to
in detail
seal up
to name just a few
Ⅴ.经典句式
1.完全倒装
(在一个封闭的洞窟，也就是现在著名的藏经洞中，藏有) thousands of manuscripts，paintings and scrolls，as well as silk embroideries.
2.so...that...引导结果状语从句
(这些卷轴内容非常详细) they describe the vast range of goods that were imported and exported from Dunhuang，such as ceramics，medicine，perfumes and fruit，to name just a few.
In a sealed cave，now known as the famous Library Cave，were hidden
The scrolls are so detailed that
3.given that引导原因状语从句
(鉴于) the theme of the Expo was to promote cultural exchange and strengthen mutual cooperation between the countries along the Silk Road，Dunhuang was the ideal place.
Given that
1.strengthen v.加强；变强(→strength n.体力，力气；意志力；优势，优点；长处→strong adj.强壮的；强大的；强烈的；坚决的→strongly adv.强烈地，强有力地)
[教材原句] Given that the theme of the Expo was to promote cultural exchange and strengthen mutual cooperation between the countries along the Silk Road，Dunhuang was the ideal place.
鉴于博览会的主题是促进文化交流，加强丝绸之路沿线国家的相互合作，敦煌正是理想的会址。
词汇精研
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①(2024·北京卷)These abilities (strengthen) by our capacity for language，which allows social practices to develop in extremely unobvious ways.
②(2024·北京卷)Because arguing angrily leads to chaos，it was (strong) discouraged.
have the strength to do sth 有力量/意志做某事
build up one's strength 增强某人的体质
strength(s) and weakness(es) 优势和劣势
are strengthened
strongly
③为了增强我们的体质和缓解压力，下个月将举办各种活动，如篮球比赛、乒乓球比赛和拔河比赛。(应用文写作之通知)
，various kinds of activities are scheduled to be held next month，such as basketball games，table tennis games and tug-of-war.
④在线学习有优点也有缺点，要成为明智的在线学习者，我们必须区分不同的在线学习材料。
Online learning has ;to be smart online learners，we must distinguish different learning materials online.
To build up our strength and release pressure
strengths and weaknesses
2.coverage n.覆盖范围；新闻报道[→cover v.盖，覆盖；包括，涉及；报道；足以支付；行走(一段路程)；占(一片面积) n.封皮；盖子；套子；表面]
[教材原句] Coverage：45，000 square metres占地面积：45 000平方米
cover...with... 用……覆盖……
be covered with/by 被……覆盖
cover an area of... 占地面积为……
under (the) cover of 在……的掩护下；趁着……
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①To sum up，today's lecture has covered some of the advantages and disadvantages of the press conference，and three important factors in successful news (cover).
②He felt so sad that he covered his face his hands and wept.(读后续写之动作描写)
③再往上走，天气变了——低低的云层笼罩着山坡，山坡上长满了茂密的草。(读后续写之环境描写)
Further up，the weather changes—low clouds envelop the mountainsides，which ______
thick grass.
coverage
with
are
covered with/by
④我们的新学校体育场占地约6 000平方米，是旧体育场面积的三倍。
Our new school stadium about 6，000 square meters，which is three times the size of the old one.
covers an area of
3.date from 追溯到；始于
[教材原句] Dating from 405 AD to 1002 AD，these hidden treasures give us a picture of Dunhuang when it was at the very centre of the Silk Road trade.
这些隐藏的宝藏可追溯到公元405年至公元1002年间，为我们展现了敦煌作为丝绸之路贸易中心时的画面。
(1)date from＝date back to 追溯到，始于
date back 追溯；上溯(后接时间段)
(2)set a date for... 确定……的日期
up to date 最新式的，现代的；掌握最新信息的
out of date 过时的；过期的
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/一句多译
①Another famous scenic spot is Dujiangyan Irrigation Project，which dates over 2，000 years ago.(应用文写作之投稿)
②Schools have integrated AI tools into classrooms so as to be up date with modern technology.
③The coat is of date，so you'd better choose another style of fashion in this store.
back
out
to
④中国的饮茶文化有着悠久的历史，可以追溯到1 000多年前。(应用文写作之推荐信)
→Chinese tea-drinking culture has a long history _________________________________
.(定语从句)
→Chinese tea-drinking culture has a long history _________________________________
.(分词短语作定语)
[温馨提示] date back (to)一般只用现在时态，没有被动语态。
which dates back to/from more than
1，000 years ago
dating back to/from more than 1，000
years ago
4.bring...(back) to life 使……焕发生机/复活
[教材原句] This century is bringing the Silk Road to life once more through the Belt and Road Initiative.
21世纪，“一带一路”倡议为丝绸之路带来新生。
come to life 复活；苏醒过来；变得活跃
lead/live a...life 过……的生活
get...back to life 使……苏醒/复活，使……恢复活力
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①(2024·全国甲卷)Meowing starts as soon as a baby cat is brought life and uses it to get the mother's attention and be fed.
②The garden came life in spring，bursting with blooming flowers and buzzing bees.
③Although he is very wealthy，he still leads simple life.
④她屏住呼吸，默默祈祷，希望心肺复苏术能让溺水的孩子起死回生。(读后续写之动作描写)
She held her breath，and prayed silently hoping the CPR would _____________________
_______________.
to
to
a
get/bring the drowned
child back to life
1.完全倒装
[教材原句] In a sealed cave，now known as the famous Library Cave，were hidden thousands of manuscripts，paintings and scrolls，as well as silk embroideries.
在一个封闭的洞窟，也就是现在著名的藏经洞中，藏有成千上万的手稿、绘画、卷轴以及丝绸刺绣。
(1)教材原句为介词短语置于句首引起的完全倒装句，其正常语序为：Thousands of manuscripts，paintings and scrolls，as well as silk embroideries were hidden in a sealed cave...。
句式剖析
(2)完全倒装是把整个谓语放到主语之前，完全倒装句的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能进行完全倒装。常使用完全倒装的情况：
①表示地点的介词短语作表语或状语并置于句首时；
②以副词here，there，out，in，up，down，away，then，now等开头，后面的动词是be，come，exist，fall，follow，go，lie，remain，seem，stand (表示移动或状态的不及物动词)等时；
③有时为了强调，可将谓语部分的动词-ing形式、过去分词置于句首，句子进行完全倒装。
[即学即练] 完成句子/句式升级
①这里有一些实用的建议，可以让你的学习更高效。
for you to make your study more effective.
②宿舍前和道路旁，随处可见同学们各司其职，有的挖坑，有的填土，有的浇水。
who served their purposes，some digging holes，some filling soil，and some watering.
Here are some practical suggestions
In front of the dormitories and beside the road were students
③然后最激动人心的部分——才艺表演开始了。
—the talent show.
④The days when handwritten letters were the primary way to share news are gone.
→ when handwritten letters were the primary way to share news.
⑤Reading is at the top of the list，which broadens our horizons and enriches our minds.
→ ，which broadens our horizons and enriches our minds.
Then came the most exciting part
Gone are the days
At the top of the list is reading
2.given that引导原因状语从句
[教材原句] Given that the theme of the Expo was to promote cultural exchange and strengthen mutual cooperation between the countries along the Silk Road，Dunhuang was the ideal place.
鉴于博览会的主题是促进文化交流，加强丝绸之路沿线国家的相互合作，敦煌正是理想的会址。
(1)given that 引导原因状语从句，在句中作连词，意为“鉴于，考虑到”，相当于considering; given用作介词，后可接名词(词组)，意为“鉴于，考虑到”。
(2)given that引导条件状语从句，表示“假如、如果、只要”等假设条件。遵循“主将从现”原则，主句用将来时或情态动词，从句用一般现在时。
(3)其他类似用法
considering prep.& conj.考虑到，鉴于
provided/providing (that)如果，假设，在……条件下
assuming (that) 假设；假定
supposing/suppose (that) 假如；如果
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①Given that he (given) another chance, he will surely succeed.
② (give) the severe weather conditions, it was surprising that the team managed to reach their destination on time.
③ (suppose) that the weather is good, we will go for a hike this weekend.
④(译林选必四U2)这并不奇怪，因为英语借用了300多种不同语言的词汇，包括拉丁语、希腊语、法语和汉语。
This comes as no surprise, ____________________________________________________
,including Latin, Greek, French and Chinese.
is given
Given
Supposing/Suppose
given that English has borrowed words from more than 300
different languages
一、课文词汇
1.a long and glorious history 悠久而辉煌的历史
2.a centre of cultural and commercial exchange 文化与商业往来的中心
3.a world-class tourist destination 世界级旅游胜地
4.get a better view 看得更清楚
文化交流
5.be known as the famous Library Cave 被称为著名的藏经洞
6.date from 405 AD to 1002 AD 追溯到公元405年至公元1002年间
7.bring the Silk Road to life 为丝绸之路带来新生
8.promote cultural exchange 促进文化交流
9.strengthen mutual cooperation 加强相互合作
二、其他表达
1.participate in 参加，参与
2.cultural exchange 文化交流
1
一、课文原句
1.The Apsaras are depicted sailing in the bright blue sky，with their scarves flying，as if they are about to fly down to meet us.
上面画的是飞天在蔚蓝的天空中飞行，他们帔巾飘飘，好像要飞下来迎接我们。
2.The scrolls are so detailed that they describe the vast range of goods that were imported and exported from Dunhuang，such as ceramics，medicine，perfumes and fruit，to name just a few.
这些卷轴内容非常详细，描述了敦煌进出口的各种商品，例如陶瓷、药品、香料和水果等。
3.Given that the theme of the Expo was to promote cultural exchange and strengthen mutual cooperation between the countries along the Silk Road，Dunhuang was the ideal place.
鉴于博览会的主题是促进文化交流，加强丝绸之路沿线国家的相互合作，敦煌正是理想的会址。
二、其他表达
1.Cultural exchange is very important as it helps us understand different cultures and promote mutual understanding.
文化交流非常重要，因为它有助于我们了解不同的文化，促进相互理解。
2.Traveling is not only about seeing new places，but also about experiencing different cultures.
旅行不仅仅是看新的地方，也是体验不同的文化。
3.By visiting different countries，we can learn about their unique cultures and traditions.
通过参观不同的国家，我们可以了解他们独特的文化和传统。
4.Respecting different cultures is essential for promoting cultural exchange.
尊重不同的文化对于促进文化交流至关重要。
1.文化交流不但丰富了我们的生活，也拓宽了我们的视野。
________________________________________________________________________
2.与他人分享我们自己的文化有助于建立理解的桥梁。
________________________________________________________________________
3.参与国际交流项目使我们能够与来自不同文化的人互动，拓展我们的世界观，培养沟通能力。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Cultural exchange not only enriches our lives but also broadens our horizons.
Sharing our own culture with others can help build bridges of understanding.
Participating in international exchange programs allows us to interact with people from diverse cultures，expanding our worldview and developing communication skills.
(满分：62.5分)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分)
1.China has a long and (glory) history spanning over 5，000 years.
2.The volume offers incomplete (cover) of the history of philosophy.
3.Sichuan has always enjoyed the reputation of being a “ (heaven) Land of Plenty ”.
4.The exercises are designed to (strength) your stomach muscles.
5.Volunteers brought the abandoned garden back life by planting flowers and trimming bushes.
glorious
coverage
Heavenly
strengthen
to
6.The origins of gunpowder in China also date the 9th century AD.
7.The museum displays artifacts from various eras—pottery，weapons，and jewelry，___ name just a few.
8.The conceptions and practices of child education vary culture to culture.
9.Workers sealed the ancient tomb to protect its contents from air and moisture.
10.Over time，the vivid colors on the mural faded bright red to pale pink.
from
to
from
up
from
Ⅱ.完成句子/句型转换(每小题3分，共15分)
1.考虑到他们缺乏经验，他们的工作已经算是做得相当不错了。(given that引导原因状语从句)
，they've done a good job.
2.下次你来我们的城市时，一定要提前给我打电话，以便我可以做一些必要的安排。(so that引导目的状语从句)
The next time you visit our city，you must call me ahead of schedule _________________
_________________________.
Given that they're inexperienced
so that I can make
some necessary arrangements
3.这个房间如此小，以至于我不必太费劲就可以保持它的干净。(so...that...从句)
It is I don't have to do much to keep it clean.
4.大约两小时后，我们带着装满东西的篮子，带着疲惫但满足的表情走了出去。(with复合结构)
About two hours later， ，we went out，wearing tired but satisfied expressions.
5.John opened the door.A girl that he had never seen before stood there.(全部倒装)
→John opened the door.There he had never seen before.
so small a room that
with our baskets full
stood a girl
Ⅲ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共17.5分)
A
Five Ancient Chinese Poems about Spring
As the winter chill still lingers through early spring，longing for warm days has sprung up everywhere.Before the flowers are in full blossom，here is a collection of ancient Chinese poems picturing the revival of life during spring.The English translations used in this article are from Chinese translator Xu Yuanchong's editions.
Spring Morning—by Meng Haoran (689－740) of the Tang Dynasty (618－907)
This spring morning in bed I'm lying，
Not to awake till birds are crying.
After one night of wind and showers，
How many are the fallen flowers
Written in a Village South of the Capital—by Cui Hu (772－846) of the Tang Dynasty
In this house on this day last year，a pink face vied；
In beauty with the pink peach blossoms side by side.
I do not know today where the pink face has gone；
In the vernal breeze still smile pink peach blossoms full-blown.
Happy Rain on a Spring Night (Excerpts)—by Du Fu (712－770) of the Tang Dynasty
Good rain knows its time right；
It will fall when comes spring.
With wind it steals in night；
Mute，it moistens each thing.
Dreaming of the Southern Shore—by Bai Juyi (772－846) of the Tang Dynasty
Fair Southern shore，
With scenes I adore.
At sunrise riverside flowers redder than fire，
In spring green waves grow as blue as sapphire，
Which I can't but admire.
Love Seeds—by Wang Wei (701－761) of the Tang Dynasty
Red berries grow in the southern land，
How many load in spring the trees
Gather them till full is your hand；
They would revive fond memories.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了五首关于春天的古诗词。
1.What can we learn about the poets
A.Meng Haoran lived longer than other poets.
B.Both Cui Hu and Bai Juyi died at the same age.
C.All of the poets were not from the Tang Dynasty.
D.Cui Hu wrote a poem highlighting the color green.
解析 B 细节理解题。根据第二首诗“Written in a Village South of the Capital—by Cui Hu (772－846) of the Tang Dynasty”以及第四首诗“Dreaming of the Southern Shore—by Bai Juyi (772－846) of the Tang Dynasty”可知，崔护与白居易均享年74岁。故选B。
2.Which one of the poems mentions the scene along a river
A.Love Seeds.
B.Happy Rain on a Spring Night.
C.Dreaming of the Southern Shore.
D.Written in a Village South of the Capital.
解析 C 细节理解题。根据第四首诗“Dreaming of the Southern Shore—by Bai Juyi”的“At sunrise riverside flowers redder than fire，/In spring green waves grow as blue as sapphire”可知，这首诗描写了沿河的风景。故选C。
3.Which season are the poems probably talking about
A.Spring. B.Summer.
C.Autumn. D.Winter.
解析 A 细节理解题。根据文章标题和第一段中“Before the flowers are in full blossom，here is a collection of ancient Chinese poems picturing the revival of life during spring.”以及五首诗歌的内容可知，这些诗是描写春天的。故选A。
B
A gala evening titled The Spirit of the Great Wall，performed by China's Jilin Provincial International Cultural Exchange Center，was held in London on Monday.Inspired by stories surrounding China's monumental construction，the Great Wall，the event featured a variety of performances，including dance，traditional folk opera，acrobatics，and martial arts，displaying the country's diverse ethnic cultures.
The show featured 13 performances，starting with a grand display that amazed the audience with the powerful and spirited beats of Chinese drums.
The audience was also attracted by the graceful elegance of the folk dances.A group of dancers，wearing red straw hats and flowing red skirts，moved gracefully to the center of the stage，with their grace dance steps showing the unique beauty of the East.
The art group from Northeast China's Jilin Province also brought their show to Edinburgh from August 12 to 14 during the Edinburgh International Festival，one of the world's most famous arts festivals，held in the Scottish capital.
The performing group from Jilin Province in Northeast China graced the Edinburgh International Festival with their performance，bringing a unique cultural experience that increased the event's pleasure for all those present.
“We hope that，through the performance，United Kingdom audiences can understand the deep meaning of traditional Chinese culture and experience its diverse ethnic traditions，” said Sha Bin，director of the Jilin Provincial International Cultural Exchange Center.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了一场名为《长城魂》的晚会在伦敦上演，吉林文化交流团带来精彩舞蹈、传统戏曲等，展示中国民族文化魅力，让英国观众感受传统中华文化的深厚底蕴。
4.What is the first paragraph mainly concerned with
A.The location of the performance.
B.The purpose of the performance.
C.The diversity of Chinese culture.
D.The organization of a cultural event.
解析 D 段落大意题。根据第一段的内容可知，本段主要介绍了文化活动的组织过程，即时间、地点、表演者及表演形式。故选D。
5.What do we know about the performances
A.They were held in London and Edinburgh.
B.They featured mainly Chinese dances.
C.They were organized by the UK.
D.They lasted for a week.
解析 A 细节理解题。根据第一段“A gala evening titled The Spirit of the Great Wall...was held in London on Monday.”及第四段“The art group from Northeast China's Jilin Province also brought their show to Edinburgh from August 12 to 14...”可知，演出是在伦敦和爱丁堡举行的。故选A。
6.What does the underlined word “graced” in paragraph 5 probably mean
A.Comforted B.Honored.
C.Admired. D.Touched.
解析 B 词义猜测题。根据画线词后的结果状语“bringing a unique cultural experience that increased the event's pleasure for all those present”及画线词的宾语“the Edinburgh International Festival”可知，来自中国东北吉林省的表演团体在爱丁堡国际艺术节上进行了精彩的表演，为观众带来了一种独特的文化体验，增加了所有在场者的活动乐趣，应该是给这场艺术节添光，graced在此处意为“使增光，使生辉”，与honored意思接近。故选B。
7.What does Sha Bin's statement imply
A.He has high expectations for the performance.
B.He hopes to improve the performance.
C.He is satisfied with the audience's reaction.
D.He wants to organize more events.
解析 A 推理判断题。根据最后一段“We hope that，through the performance，United Kingdom audiences can understand the deep meaning of traditional Chinese culture and experience its diverse ethnic traditions”可知，沙斌对演出的效果寄予厚望，希望通过这次演出，英国观众能够理解中国传统文化的深刻内涵，并体验其丰富多彩的民族传统。故选A。
Ⅳ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分)
I was so excited to cover a new adventure to Qomolangma when I was a journalist.Yet things didn't 1 the way I wanted—Once I got off the vehicle at the base camp，I was 2 by dizziness (眩晕) and shortness of breath— 3 of mountain sickness.Even the act of taking a few steps demanded an extraordinary amount of 4 .
At that moment，a question 5 within me：Why do people keep climbing Mount Qomolangma When asked this question，British mountaineer George Mallory gave his famous 6 ：“Because it's there”.
Mallory reminds me of countless climbers who have put their lives at risk to 7 the mountain's towering height with their own footsteps.They 8 an almost vertical (垂直的) wall close to the top.It is so difficult to find 9 points for climbing that the earliest climbers thought no one could get past the wall.
In 1960，Liu Lianman，a Chinese climber， 10 to let his teammates step on his shoulders to cross the wall.Already 11 ，he gathered all his strength to uplift his teammates.Though his 12 did not appear on the list of those who reached the top，Liu is undoubtedly a true 13 .
I recalled the interview with Dong Hongjuan，the first woman to conquer 14 mountains above 8，000 meters，who 14 understands how small humans are compared to nature.She told me，“I never felt I conquered those mountains; it's just that the mountains 15 me.”
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过讲述作者亲历珠峰探险的经历，结合登山者的故事，探讨了挑战自然的精神。
1.A.turn out B.turn in
C.turn down D.turn to
解析 A 根据下文“the way I wanted—Once I got off the vehicle at the base camp，I was ________ by dizziness and shortness of breath”可知，事情没有像作者想的那样发生。故选A。
2.A.drawn B.abandoned
C.overcome D.sheltered
解析 C 根据下文“by dizziness and shortness of breath”可知，作者被这些症状困扰，be overcome by 表示“被……所征服，被……所困扰”。故选C。
3.A.symbols B.signs
C.manners D.causes
解析 B 根据上文“by dizziness and shortness of breath”可知，眩晕和呼吸短促是高原反应的迹象。故选B。
4.A.patience B.effort
C.knowledge D.practice
解析 B 根据上文“by dizziness and shortness of breath—______of mountain sickness”可知，因为有高原反应，所以走几步都要付出很大努力。故选B。
5.A.ended B.expanded
C.arose D.returned
解析 C 根据下文“within me：Why do people keep climbing Mount Qomolangma？”可知，一个问题在作者心中产生。故选C。
6.A.reply B.suggestion
C.resolution D.guidance
解析 A 根据上文“When asked this question”可知，当被问到这个问题时，他给出回答。故选A。
7.A.occupy B.measure
C.confirm D.protect
解析 B 根据下文“the mountain's towering height with their own footsteps”可知，登山者们用脚步丈量山的高度。故选B。
8.A.run into B.depend on
C.pull down D.put up
解析 A 根据下文“an almost vertical wall close to the top”可知，登山者们遇到了这样的一面墙。故选A。
9.A.checking B.viewing
C.starting D.supporting
解析 D 根据下文“points for climbing”可知，这里指的是很难找到攀爬的支撑点。故选D。
10.A.hesitated B.pretended
C.happened D.offered
解析 D 根据下文“to let his teammates step on his shoulders to cross the wall”可知，刘连满主动提出让队友踩在他的肩膀上，offer to do sth表示“主动提出做某事”。故选D。
11.A.starved B.heart-broken
C.worn-out D.annoyed
解析 C 根据下文“gathered all his strength to uplift his teammates”可知，他已经很累了，筋疲力尽，但还是用尽全身力气托举队友。故选C。
12.A.motive B.achievement
C.teammate D.name
解析 D 根据下文“did not appear on the list of those who reached the top”可知，刘的名字没在名单上。故选D。
13.A.hero B.champion
C.genius D.pioneer
解析 A 根据上文“to let his teammates step on his shoulders to cross the wall”及“his __________ did not appear on the list of those who reached the top”可知，刘为了队友做出了很大的付出，虽然他的名字没有出现在登顶者的名单上，但他无疑是一位真正的英雄。故选A。
14.A.fortunately B.eagerly
C.deeply D.merely
解析 C 根据下文“how small humans are compared to nature”可知，董红娟征服了多座高山的经历使她对人类与大自然的关系有深刻的理解。故选C。
15.A.defeated B.discovered
C.prohibited D.accepted
解析 D 根据上文“I never felt I conquered those mountains”可知，董红娟认为不是自己征服了山，而是山接纳了她。故选D。