外研版高中英语选择性必修第四册Unit 5 Into the unknown Section Ⅲ Developing ideas & Presenting ideas课件

(共79张PPT)
主题语境：人与自然——探究未知
DIVING DEEP
Lying under waters across the globe are an estimated three million shipwrecks①.All of them represent attempts over the centuries to explore Earth's furthest corners.
[1]Among these is the Esmeralda，the earliest wreck from the age of the European exploration of Asia.Today，some 500 years after the Esmeralda set sail②，there is little —[2]if any—land on our planet left unexplored③.We have more detailed maps of the Moon，and even of Venus and Mars，than we do of Earth's own sea bed.
[1]完全倒装句。
[2]if any意为“如果有的话”，为条件状语从句的省略结构。
【词汇积累】
①shipwreck/' Iprek/n.失事的船；沉船
②set sail 启航；张帆
set off 出发；引起；动身
set about 着手；开始做……
③unexplored adj.未勘查过的；未经彻底研究(或探讨)的
Given our limited knowledge，[3]it is perhaps no surprise that exploration of the oceans continues to lead to④ discoveries in various scientific fields.As with⑤the discovery of the Esmeralda，many archaeological⑥finds are made in shallow waters near the coast.These may sometimes include whole cities [4]buried beneath the waves.One such find is the ancient Roman city of Neápolis，discovered off the coast of Tunisia.[5]Believed to have been buried underwater by a tsunami in the fourth century AD，the ruins of Neápolis are almost 2，000 years old.The remaining streets and buildings offer a window into a fascinating period in our history.However，we are only beginning to overcome the challenges of pressure，darkness and extreme cold at vast depths.Fragments of the past [6]lying deep beneath the oceans are still waiting to be discovered.
[3]it is no surprise that...意为“不足为奇的是……”，其中it作形式主语。
[4]过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词cities。
[5]过去分词短语作状语。
[6]动词-ing形式短语作后置定语，修饰Fragments of the past。
④lead to导致；通向
⑤as with 正如；与……一样；就……来说
⑥archaeological/ ɑ kI 'l d Ik( )l/adj.考古学的；考古的
Amazing biological discoveries are also being made.The dark zones of the oceans may contain up to⑦90 per cent of the planet's fish.In these waters，more than 200 metres deep，[7]where light cannot reach，are extraordinary creatures that appear [8]as if they are straight out of science fiction.Imagine bone-white coral⑧ 6，000 metres below the ocean's surface，growing at the rate of⑨ only one or two millimetres⑩per year.Some of these could be 4，000 years old.[9]Swimming through these black depths is the barreleye ，a strange fish with eyes that can look upwards through its transparent forehead.In the very deepest ocean trenches that are more than 8，000 metres below the surface，the pressure is equivalent to 50 aeroplanes stacked one on top of another.Yet there is still life to be found，even around the deep-sea volcanic openings.These discoveries all help us understand the capacity for life on our planet，even in the most extreme circumstances.
[7]where引导定语从句，修饰先行词in these waters。
[8]as if引导方式状语从句，意为“好像”。
[9]动词-ing形式短语作主语。
⑦up to达到(某数量)；正在做……；由……决定
⑧coral/'k r l/n.珊瑚
⑨at the rate of 按……速度；按……比率
⑩millimetre/'mIlI mi t /n.毫米
barreleye/'b r laI/n.管眼鱼
upwards/' pw dz/adv.向上，朝上
[拓展]　 downwards 向下，朝下；northwards 向北，朝北；southwards 向南，朝南；backwards 向后；outwards 向外；inwards 向内
trench/trent /n.海沟
equivalent/I'kwIv( )l nt/adj.等同的；等值的；相当的
stack/st k/v.(使)整齐地堆起；摞起
on top of在……之上；另外
capacity n.能力；容积，容纳能力
Furthermore ，the oceans are a valuable source of natural resources，some [10] of which are completely new to us.Most notable of these is China's discovery of an ice-like substance ，[11]known as “fire ice”，under the South China Sea.In addition ，China's underwater vessels ，such as the Jiaolong and Shenhai Yongshi，have been exploring waters at depths of thousands of metres.The Jiaolong even holds the record for the deepest dive by a manned submarine，at 7，062 metres，[12]giving China its place alongside the world's top ocean explorers.The research [13]conducted by these vessels is giving scientists a greater understanding of how the sea bed was formed，as well as helping identify areas for deep-sea drilling ，taking deep-sea exploration into a whole new era.
[10]“介词＋which”引导非限制性定语从句。
[11]过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰an ice-like substance。
[12]动词-ing形式短语作状语。
[13]过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词research。
furthermore/ f 'm /adv.此外；
而且；不仅如此
[拓展]　 moreover adv.此外，而且；what's more 而且；更重要的是；另外
valuable adj.很值钱的，贵重的；很重要的，宝贵的
notable/'n t b( )l/adj.显要的；显著的；值得注意的
substance/'s bst ns/n.物质
in addition另外，此外
vessel/'ves( )l/n.船；舰
hold a record 保持纪录
as well as 也；和……一样
drilling/'drIlI /n.钻探；勘探
Being a tough environment of complete darkness，enormous pressure and intense cold，the ocean depths have long been beyond the reach of human exploration.However，through closer international scientific，economic and cultural cooperation，we are all becoming part of a global mission to open up our planet's final frontier.Humankind is entering a new age of oceanic discovery，and the world beneath the waves may one day be almost as familiar to us as the land we walk upon today.
enormous adj.巨大的，庞大的
beyond the reach of 超过……能力之外；无法到达……
open up 开发；开拓
【参考译文】
潜入深海
全球水域下大约沉睡着三百万艘沉船残骸，每艘都代表了若干世纪以来探索地球最远端的努力尝试。其中就包括了“埃斯梅拉达”号，它是欧洲国家探索亚洲时代留下的最早残骸。如今，距离“埃斯梅拉达”号起航已有500多年，我们星球上尚未被人类探索的土地已经少之又少了。然而，我们手中关于地球自身海底的地图，甚至比不上关于月球乃至金星、火星的天体图详尽。
基于我们有限的认知，探索海洋可以带来许多科学领域的新发现，这也许就显得不足为奇了。就像发现“埃斯梅拉达”号的残骸一样，很多考古学发现都发生在近海岸的浅水水域。这些发现有时会包括埋在海浪下的整座城市，其中之一便是在突尼斯近海发现的古罗马城市奈阿波利斯。据悉，在公元4世纪，奈阿波利斯被一场海啸淹没，其废墟至今已有近2 000年的历史。存留下来的街道、建筑为我们打开了一扇窗，让我们得以窥见那段精彩的历史。然而，我们才刚刚开始克服广袤的海洋深处的压强、黑暗和极寒所带来的挑战。过去的碎片仍深藏在大洋底部，等待被发现。
生物学领域也有惊人的发现。海洋的黑暗区域里或许生存着多达地球上90%的鱼类。在200多米以下、阳光照不到的深水水域里，住着一些看起来就像是刚从科幻小说中走出来的奇异的生物。想象一下，在海平面下6 000米深处，骨白色的珊瑚以每年仅一到两毫米的速度缓慢生长着，它们中有些已经存活了4 000年。漆黑的深海里管眼鱼游来游去，这是种奇特的鱼，其眼睛可以透过透明的前额向上看。在海平面以下 8 000多米处最深的海沟里，压强相当于50架飞机堆叠在一起，然而这里仍有生命的存在，甚至在深海海底的火山口周围也有生命。这些深海发现帮助我们理解地球上生命的承受力，甚至是在最极端的环境下的承受力。
此外，海洋还包含着珍贵的自然资源，其中一些对我们来说完全是新的资源。最值得一提的便是中国在南海发现的冰状物质——可燃冰。此外，中国的水下舰艇如“蛟龙”号和“深海勇士”号，一直在数千米深的水域探索。“蛟龙”号甚至创造了载人潜舰的最深下潜纪录7 062米，使中国跻身于世界顶级海洋探索国之列。借助这些潜水器所完成的研究有利于科学家进一步了解海床的形成过程，帮助确定深海钻探区域，将深海勘探带入一个崭新的时代。
深海区域环境恶劣，完全黑暗、压强极大、极度寒冷，长期以来都是人类探索无法企及的区域。然而，通过更紧密的国际科学、经济以及文化合作，我们都在成为开拓地球最后疆域这一全球使命的参与者。人类正走向海洋发现的新时代，或许有朝一日，我们会像熟悉脚下的土地一样熟悉那海浪下的世界。
What is the main idea of the passage
A.The mysteries of the oceans.
B.The challenges of exploring the oceans.
C.The measures to protect the sea.
D.Human's exploration deep into the sea.
答案　D
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers.
1.What can we infer from the last sentence in the first paragraph
A.Human beings have made a detailed map of the oceans.
B.Humankind has made great efforts to explore the universe.
C.Humankind is knowledgeable in terms of the oceans.
D.The oceans are still waiting to be discovered.
答案　D
2.What's the meaning of the ruins discovered beneath the oceans
A.It can help us have a good understanding of the history.
B.It can help us to learn more about the tsunami.
C.It will become a famous tourist attraction.
D.It proves that life underneath the ocean is extremely tough.
答案　A
3.What can we learn from paragraph 3
A.Human beings can't reach the deepest ocean because of the huge pressure.
B.There are no signs of life in the deepest part of the ocean.
C.Although extremely tough，life is rich beneath the ocean waiting to be found.
D.Life in the deepest ocean is struggling to survive.
答案　C
4.What can be inferred from the last paragraph
A.It is better for a country to explore the ocean alone.
B.Ocean exploration requires international cooperation.
C.The depths of ocean are within the range of human exploration.
D.Man has become familiar with the underwater world.
答案　B
5.What's the author's attitude towards ocean exploration
A.Unfavourable. B.Negative.
C.Too challenging. D.Supportive.
答案　D
Lying under waters across the globe are an estimated three million shipwrecks.All of them represent attempts over the centuries 1. (explore) Earth's furthest corners.Given our limited knowledge，it is perhaps no surprise that exploration of the oceans continues to lead to discoveries in various 2. (science) fields.Many archaeological finds 3. (make) in shallow waters near the coast.Amazing biological discoveries are also being made.These discoveries all help us understand the capacity for life on our planet，even in 4. most extreme circumstances.
to explore
scientific
are made
the
Furthermore，the oceans are a valuable source of natural resources，some of 5._____ are completely new to us.The research 6. (conduct) by underwater vessels is giving scientists a greater understanding of how the sea bed was formed，as well as helping identify areas for deep-sea drilling，7. (take) deep-sea exploration into a whole new era.
Being a tough environment of complete 8. (dark)，enormous pressure and intense cold，the ocean depths have long been beyond the reach of human exploration.
Humankind 9. (enter) a new age of oceanic discovery，and the world beneath the waves may one day be almost as familiar 10. us as the land we walk upon today.
which
conducted
taking
darkness
is entering
to
Ⅰ.阅读词汇
选出与单词对应的汉语释义
1.shipwreck n.　　　　 A.船；舰
2.coral n. B.海沟
3.millimetre n. C.毫米
4.barreleye n. D.珊瑚
5.trench n. E.管眼鱼
6.vessel n. F.失事的船；沉船
答案　1.F　2.D　3.C　4.E　5.B　6.A
Ⅱ.核心词汇
1. adv.　　 向上，朝上
2. v. (使)整齐地堆起；摞起
3. adv. 此外；而且；不仅如此
4. n. 物质
upwards
stack
furthermore
substance
Ⅲ.拓展词汇
1. adj.考古学的；考古的→archaeology n.考古学→archaeologist n.考古学家
2. adj.等同的；等值的；相当的→equivalence n.等值；相等
3. adj.显要的；显著的；值得注意的→note v.注意，特别提到
4. n.钻探；勘探→drill v.钻孔；训练
archaeological
equivalent
notable
drilling
Ⅳ.核心短语
1. 　　　　　　 起航
2. 按……速度；按……比率
3. 等同于，相当于
4. 够不着，无法达到，超出……的能力范围
5. 如果有的话
6. 提供了解……的一扇窗
7. 正如；与……一样
8. 开放；开拓
9. 积聚成一大堆(或一长排等)
set sail 　　　　　　
at the rate of
be equivalent to
beyond the reach of
if any
offer a window into
as with
open up
stack up
Ⅴ.经典句式
1.if条件状语从句的省略
Today，some 500 years after the Esmeralda set sail，there is little— (如果有的话)—land on our planet left unexplored.
2.where引导定语从句
In these waters，more than 200 metres deep， (阳光照不到)，are extraordinary creatures that appear as if they are straight out of science fiction.
if any
where light cannot reach
词汇精研
beyond the reach of够不着，无法达到，超出……的能力范围
[教材原句]　Being a tough environment of complete darkness，enormous pressure and intense cold，the ocean depths have long been beyond the reach of human exploration.
深海区域环境恶劣，完全黑暗、压强极大、极度寒冷，长期以来都是人类探索无法企及的区域。
beyond (one's) expectations 出乎(某人的)意料
beyond comparison 无与伦比
beyond belief 令人难以置信
beyond doubt 毫无疑问，的确
beyond (one's) control (某人)无法控制
beyond recognition 认不出来，无法辨认
beyond words/expression/description 难以言表；无法用语言表达
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①It is doubt that the development of artificial intelligence will reshape our lifestyle in ways we can barely imagine.
②The coastal area has been so severely polluted by plastic waste that its original beauty is now recognition.
③真正的幸福，对于珍视简单欢乐的人来说总是触手可及。(读后续写之主旨升华)
True happiness is never who cherish simple joys.
④就我个人而言，我更喜欢长江沿岸的旅行，那里的风景太迷人了，简直美得令人无法形容。(应用文写作之推荐信)
Personally，I prefer the tour along the Yangtze River，whose scenery is so fascinating that it is totally .
beyond
beyond
beyond the reach of those
beyond description/expression/words
句式剖析
if条件状语从句的省略
[教材原句]　Today，some 500 years after the Esmeralda set sail，there is little—if any—land on our planet left unexplored.
如今，距离“埃斯梅拉达”号起航已有500多年，我们星球上尚未被人类探索的土地已经少之又少了。
教材原句中 if any 是if条件状语从句的省略形式，表示“如果有的话”。常见的if条件状语从句的省略结构还有：
if so　　　　　　 如果是这样的话
if not 如果没有
if ever 如果有过/发生过的话
if possible 如果可能的话
if necessary 如果有必要的话
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①I might be away next week.If ，I won't be able to see you.
②如有必要，我们将组织一场活动来提高公众保护自然资源的意识。
，we will organize an activity to raise public awareness of protecting our natural resources.
③长久以来，我一直希望能组织一个英语俱乐部，并且如果可能的话，举办英语派对。
For a long time，I have been longing to organize an English club and throw English parties .
so
If necessary
if possible
一、课文词汇
1.lead to　　　　　　　 导致；通向
2.be buried underwater 深藏在大洋底部
3.hold the record 保持纪录
4.in the most extreme circumstances 在最极端的环境下
5.a valuable source of natural resources 珍贵的自然资源
6.beyond the reach of human exploration 人类探索无法企及
7.through closer international scientific，economic and cultural cooperation
通过更紧密的国际科学、经济以及文化合作
探索海洋
二、其他表达
1.as far as I am concerned　　 就我而言
2.scientific explanations 科学解释
3.figure out 弄清楚，查明
1
一、课文原句
1.Lying under waters across the globe are an estimated three million shipwrecks.
全球水域下大约沉睡着三百万艘沉船残骸。
2.Today，some 500 years after the Esmeralda set sail，there is little—if any—land on our planet left unexplored.
如今，距离“埃斯梅拉达”号起航已有500多年，我们星球上尚未被人类探索的土地已经少之又少了。
3.Given our limited knowledge，it is perhaps no surprise that exploration of the oceans continues to lead to discoveries in various scientific fields.
基于我们有限的认知，探索海洋可以带来许多科学领域的新发现，这也许就显得不足为奇了。
4.In these waters，more than 200 metres deep，where light cannot reach，are extraordinary creatures that appear as if they are straight out of science fiction.
在200多米以下、阳光照不到的深水水域里，住着一些看起来就像是刚从科幻小说中走出来的奇异的生物。
二、其他表达
1.Even though we have maps of every corner of the Earth，the ocean floor remains a mystery.
尽管我们已绘制了地球每个角落的地图，海底仍充满未知。
2.Only if we are brave enough to pursue our dreams can we realize what we are looking forward to.
只有我们勇敢地去追求我们的梦想，我们才能实现我们所期待的。
1.只要我们不放弃，不遗余力地克服困难，我们一定会有所发现。
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
2.众所周知，由于全球变暖，全球水资源短缺(问题)正变得日益严重。
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
As long as we don't quit and spare no effort to get over hardships，we will definitely make some discoveries.
It is well-known that the global water shortage is becoming increasingly severe due to global warming.
3.考虑到在南极洲周围的海洋中，水温极低，总是低于零度，许多海洋生物能够幸存下来令人惊讶。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Given that in the oceans around Antarctica，the temperature of the water is extremely low，always below zero，it is surprising that many marine creatures survive.
(满分：59.5分)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分)
1.The (archaeology) team has discovered ancient pottery fragments at the site，shedding light on early agricultural practices.
2.Plastic pollution is increasing the rate of 10 million tons per year，threatening marine life globally.
3.Running 5 kilometers is roughly equivalent burning 300 calories，making both exercises equally effective for weight loss.
4.The library shelves (stack) with rare manuscripts，some dating back to the 15th century.
5.Advanced AI technology is still the reach of most small businesses due to its high cost.
archaeological
at
to
were stacked
beyond
6. (note) for his contributions to Renaissance art，Leonardo da Vinci's notebooks also reveal groundbreaking scientific ideas.
7.Scientists discovered a new species of glowing jellyfish living vast depths of the Mariana Trench.
8.The geology class watched a demonstration of automated (drill) equipment used in modern mineral exploration.
9. with learning a musical instrument，mastering a language requires consistent practice and patience.
10.The invention of the Internet opened endless possibilities for global communication and education.
Notable
at
drilling
As
up
Ⅱ.完成句子(每小题3分，共12分)
1.总之，网上购物可以平衡他们的时间、感情和工作。如果是这样的话，从长远来看，网上购物将取代实体店购物。(条件状语从句的省略句)
In a word，shopping online can balance their time，feelings and work. ，online shopping will replace shopping in stores in the long run.
2.有些人一失去工作，就觉得好像到了世界末日似的。(as if引导方式状语从句)
Some people，on losing a job，may feel the end of the world.
If so
as if it were
3.学习一门新语言为了解不同文化提供了机会。(动词-ing形式作主语)
opens up opportunities to understand different cultures.
4.马克·吐温享有良好的声誉，他被认为是美国最伟大的作家之一。(过去分词作定语)
Mark Twain， ，enjoys a good reputation.
Learning a new language
considered to be one of the greatest American writers
Ⅲ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共17.5分)
A
Leonardo da Vinci (1452－1519) not only left behind notebooks filled with scientific observations and illustrations，but also displayed his talent in painting.
Lady with an Ermine
Years before Leonardo da Vinci produced the Mona Lisa，he made another important painting.Entitled Lady with an Ermine (1489－1491)，this oil painting shows a young woman holding an ermine in her arms.While this painting is an excellent display of his interest in realism，the ermine is used as a symbol with meanings related to the subject of the portrait.
The Last Supper
Since its completion at the end of the 15th century，the Last Supper (1495－1498) has attracted audiences with its mysterious subject matter.The buyer，Ludovico Sforza，asked him to paint Jesus' final meal as described in the Bible.Interestingly，Leonardo chose to illustrate the moment Jesus tells his followers that one of them will sell him out，placing much of the painting's focus on the figures' individual expressive reactions.
Mona Lisa
Arguably，the most visited painting in art history is the Mona Lisa (1503－1506).The painting features a female figure—believed by most to be Lisa Gherardini，the wife of cloth and silk businessman Francesco Giocondo.She is shown seated in a room with at least one open side.Behind her is a landscape imagined by the artist and painted using sfumato，a technique resulting in forms without lines or borders，in the manner of smoke.
Virgin of the Rocks
Although there are two versions of Virgin of the Rocks (1483－1486)，the earlier one，which is housed at the Louvre，is considered to be painted entirely by him.Like his other paintings，it employs sfumato technique to portray the religious figures in the painting.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了Leonardo da Vinci的几幅名画。
1.What can we know about Lady with an Ermine
A.It is based on a religious story.
B.It was not drawn by Leonardo da Vinci.
C.It is mainly a realistic painting.
D.It was completed after the Mona Lisa.
解析　C　细节理解题。根据Lady with an Ermine部分中“While this painting is an excellent display of his interest in realism，the ermine is used as a symbol with meanings related to the subject of the portrait.”可知，这幅画大体上属于现实主义作品。故选C。
2.For whom was The Last Supper painted
A.Johannes Vermeer.
B.Lisa Gherardini.
C.Francesco Giocondo.
D.Ludovico Sforza.
解析　D　细节理解题。根据The Last Supper部分中“The buyer，Ludovico Sforza，asked him to paint Jesus' final meal as described in the Bible.”可知，《最后的晚餐》是为Ludovico Sforza而画的。故选D。
3.What do the last two paintings have in common
A.They adopt the same painting technique.
B.Both of them have more than one version.
C.There are obvious borders in the paintings.
D.Their subjects are about religious figures.
解析　A　 细节理解题。根据Mona Lisa部分中“Behind her is a landscape imagined by the artist and painted using sfumato，a technique resulting in forms without lines or borders，in the manner of smoke.”及Virgin of the Rocks部分中“Like his other paintings，it employs sfumato technique to portray the religious figures in the painting.”可知，这两幅画都用到了色彩渲染(sfumato)这一绘画技巧。故选A。
B
Scientists have reported that Antarctica's sea ice is at a record low level.That's worrying because the sea ice is an important part of the Earth's cooling system.It's not yet clear if the low sea ice level is temporary，or part of a changing climate pattern.
Every year，the sea ice at the South Pole goes through a cycle of melting and freezing.In the summer，the huge masses of sea ice melt to their smallest point.Over the colder winter months，the sea ice grows and grows until it covers an incredibly wide area.Usually，the sea ice covers the greatest area (its “maximum extent”) around September 23，as winter ends at the South Pole.
Scientists have been measuring the area of the sea ice in Antarctica since 1979.For most of this time，Antarctica has seemed to be almost unaffected by the changing weather conditions experienced in other parts of the globe.In fact，until recent years，Antarctica's sea ice area mainly set records for growing.That began to change around 2016.Now，for several years，the area of Antarctica's sea ice has been shrinking.
This year，the US National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) reports that Antarctica's sea ice reached its maximum extent on September 10—almost two weeks earlier than normal.And the sea ice was at a new record low—not just by a little bit，but by a lot.
The new low record has scientists worried.The sea ice is important，because it helps cool the planet.When it's frozen，sea ice reflects sunlight back out into space.But when the sea ice melts，the water left behind is darker，and absorbs more heat.The concern is that the melting sea ice could start a cycle that might cause even more ice to melt.
Scientists are working hard to better understand Antarctica.They don't know yet if this is just a short-term problem，or if it's part of a long-term shift toward less sea ice in Antarctica.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家报告说，南极洲的海冰处于历史最低水平。这非常令人担忧，因为海冰是地球冷却系统的重要组成部分。
4.Which aspect of the low sea ice level makes scientists confused
A.Its causes. B.Its effects.
C.Its smallest point. D.Its changing trend.
解析　D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“It's not yet clear if the low sea ice level is temporary，or part of a changing climate pattern.”可知，低海冰水平的变化趋势让科学家感到困惑。故选D。
5.What do scientists find about the sea ice in Antarctica
A.The covering area remains stable.
B.The covering area once expanded.
C.It's been consistently shrinking since 1979.
D.It's been unaffected by changeable weather.
解析　B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In fact，until recent years，Antarctica's sea ice area mainly set records for growing.”可知，科学家们发现南极洲的海冰覆盖面积曾一度扩大。故选B。
6.Why are scientists worried about the new low record of the sea ice
A.It may result in more ice melting.
B.It could change the color of the sea water.
C.It may get more sunlight reflected into space.
D.It could cause cooler temperatures in Antarctica.
解析　A　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The concern is that the melting sea ice could start a cycle that might cause even more ice to melt.”可知，科学家们担心海冰的新低点是因为它可能导致更多的冰融化。故选A。
7.What is a suitable title for the passage
A.Changing Climate Patterns in Antarctica
B.The Threats to Earth's Cooling System
C.Antarctica's Sea Ice at a Record Winter Low
D.The Mystery of Antarctica's Melting Sea Ice
解析　C　标题归纳题。根据第一段中的“Scientists have reported that Antarctica's sea ice is at a record low level.”，并结合文章主要介绍了科学家报告说，南极洲的海冰处于历史最低水平，这非常令人担忧，因为海冰是地球冷却系统的重要组成部分可知，C项“南极海冰面积创冬季新低”最适合作为文章标题。故选C。
Ⅳ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分)
Andy Elliott shares his lifelong passion for uncovering history.As a child in Milton Keynes，he found fossils (化石) and ancient objects，stimulating his 1 about the past.A local historian took him under his wing.Later，he 2 this passion with diving，opening up a world of underwater exploration.
In 1999，Andy co-founded the South West Maritime Archaeological Group(SWMAG) with friends to search for ocean treasures.Their first big discovery came in a river mouth near Plymouth—a collection of 14 tin ingots (锡锭) 3 the Bronze Age，later sent to the British Museum.This find 4 their resolve to uncover more.
Andy's most exciting experience came near Salcombe in 1994.There，he 5 gold coins and an extraordinary navigation (导航) instrument shaped like a fish.Holding it，he felt the 6 of history.The sand circled as if 7 him on，revealing treasures that painted a vivid picture of sea trade.
For Andy，every dive is a chance to hold history in his hands.Decades on，he's still 8 by the excitement of discovery and the joy of preserving the stories hidden beneath the waves.His 9 has led him to uncover treasures that many would never 10 to find.
The experience has been a(n) 11 point for Andy.He has learned to 12 the value of history and the importance of preserving it.Looking back，Andy knows that his 13 has brought him to places he never imagined，and he continues to 14 the past with the same 15 he had as a child.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Andy Elliott对历史探索的热爱，及其水下考古发现与对历史价值的珍视。
1.A.curiosity B.conflict
C.fantasy D.confusion
解析　A　根据下文“Later，he_______this passion with diving，opening up a world of underwater exploration.”可知，Andy Elliott发现了化石和古代物品，这激发了他对过去的好奇心。故选A。
2.A.replaced B.compared
C.combined D.balanced
解析　C　根据下文“this passion with diving”可知，他将这种热情与潜水结合在一起。故选C。
3.A.exposed to B.referred to as
C.dating back to D.leading to
解析　C　根据下文“the Bronze Age”以及语境可知，发现的14块锡锭可以追溯到青铜时代。故选C。
4.A.weakened B.deepened
C.shifted D.questioned
解析　B　根据上文“Their first big discovery came in a river mouth near Plymouth—a collection of 14 tin ingots_______the Bronze Age，later sent to the British Museum.”可知，他们发现了可以追溯到青铜时代的锡锭，这会加深他们发掘更多宝藏的决心。故选B。
5.A.collected B.unearthed
C.decorated D.designed
解析　B　根据下文“gold coins and an extraordinary navigation instrument shaped like a fish”可知，此处表示他挖掘出的物品。故选B。
6.A.weight B.burden
C.pressure D.load
解析　A　根据下文“The sand circled as if ______ him on，revealing treasures that painted a vivid picture of sea trade.”以及语境可知，他拿着挖掘出的物品，仿佛看到历史上的场景，感受到了历史的分量。故选A。
7.A.urging B.forcing
C.passing D.delaying
解析　A　根据上文“There，he _______ gold coins and an extraordinary navigation instrument shaped like a fish.”以及下文“him on，revealing treasures that painted a vivid picture of sea trade”可知，Andy挖掘出金币和导航仪器后，沙子在周围旋转，仿佛在催促他前进，继续挖掘。故选A。
8.A.exhausted B.discouraged
C.distracted D.driven
解析　D　根据下文“by the excitement of discovery and the joy of preserving the stories hidden beneath the waves.His _____has led him to uncover treasures that many would never_______ to find.”可知，即使已经过了几十年，Andy会因发现和海浪下的故事感到兴奋和喜悦，所以此处表示他仍然被发现的兴奋和保存海浪下隐藏的故事的喜悦所驱使。故选D。
9.A.sympathy B.description
C.enthusiasm D.innocence
解析　C　根据上文“Decades on，he's still _______ by the excitement of discovery and the joy of preserving the stories hidden beneath the waves.”可知，此处表示Andy对考古的热情。故选C。
10.A.arranged B.guaranteed
C.expected D.declined
解析　C　根据上文“His _______ has led him to uncover treasures that many would never”以及语境可知，此处表示许多人从未期望能找到的宝藏。故选C。
11.A.confirming B.breaking
C.ending D.turning
解析　D　根据下文“He has learned to_____the value of history and the importance of preserving it.”可知，对于Andy来说，这段经历使得他的生活发生改变，对他来说是一个转折点。故选D。
12.A.appreciate B.assess
C.analyze D.admit
解析　A　根据下文“the value of history and the importance of preserving it”可知，此处表示他学会了欣赏历史的价值。故选A。
13.A.bravery B.demand
C.memory D.desire
解析　D　根据上文“As a child in Milton Keynes，he found fossils and ancient objects，stimulating his _______ about the past.”可知，Andy渴望了解过去，所以此处表示他的渴望使得他去往自己从未想象过的地方。故选D。
14.A.investigate B.explore
C.check D.slip
解析　B　 根据上文“Later，he______ this passion with diving，opening up a world of underwater exploration.”可知，此处表示Andy继续探索过去。故选B。
15.A.emptiness B.contentment
C.relief D.loss
解析　B　根据上文“As a child in Milton Keynes，he found fossils and ancient objects，stimulating his ________ about the past.”以及下文“he had as a child”可知，孩童时，Andy开始对探索过去产生热情，此处表示他继续以孩童般的满足感探索过去。故选B。