外研版高中英语选择性必修第四册Unit 6 Space and beyondSection Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas课件
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| 名称 | 外研版高中英语选择性必修第四册Unit 6 Space and beyondSection Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas课件 |
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| 格式 | ppt | ||
| 文件大小 | 8.5MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
| 版本资源 | 外研版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2026-02-23 00:00:00 | ||
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(共91张PPT)
主题语境：人与自然——探索宇宙奥秘
Why we explore
With technologies first researched and developed for space exploration，we can solve some of the big problems facing mankind，making our lives safer and easier.Some technologies need further research to better solve real-life problems.For example，liquid hydrogen① is a clean alternative energy source that is used widely as rocket② fuel，[1]and it is likely that hydrogen fuel cell vehicles will be mass-produced and launched in the near future.These scientific and technological advances③ can provide benefits to societies on the Earth in many areas including health，energy and information technology.This should be a strong motive④ for continuing to explore space.
Although space exploration demands huge investment⑤，the space industry can actually bring great economic value.It has been calculated⑥ that the global space economy is increasing by billions of dollars every year.At the same time，space exploration can provide a variety of career⑦ opportunities for young people.Jobs in the space industry go far beyond the astronauts that receive widespread media coverage.There are many support staff on the ground，such as engineers，mechanics⑧ and research assistants.
Moreover，the amazing work these people do can provide education and inspiration⑨ for the next generation.For me personally，this is by far the biggest reason for humanity to explore space.Such wonders as a space shuttle launch or astronauts walking on the Moon are incredibly⑩ exciting and inspiring to witness ，and it can be these moments that shape children's lives forever and motivate them to become the scientists and engineers of the future.[2]It is this kind of inspiration that keeps our thirst for knowledge alive and ensures that advances in space exploration and many other fields will continue to be made.When you have seen a man walk on the Moon，you grow up believing that anything is possible!
词汇积累 佳句背诵
①hydrogen n.氢，氢气
②rocket n.火箭；火箭武器
③advance n.进展
v.前进；促进
④motive n.原因，动机，目的
⑤investment n.投资；投入
[1]...and it is likely that hydrogen fuel cell vehicles will be mass-produced and launched in the near future.(It is＋adj.＋that...)
……氢燃料电池汽车很可能在不久的将来被大量生产并投入使用。
词汇积累 佳句背诵
⑥calculate vt.计算，核算；预测
⑦career n.生涯；职业；事业
⑧mechanic n.机械师，技工
⑨inspiration n.灵感
⑩incredibly adv.令人难以置信
witness vt.目击；为……做证 [2]It is this kind of inspiration that keeps our thirst for knowledge alive and ensures that advances in space exploration and many other fields will continue to be made.(强调句型)
正是这种灵感使我们保持对知识的渴望，并确保在太空探索和许多其他领域将继续取得进步。
栏目导航
The Call of the Challenger
[1]Ever since Neil Armstrong first set foot on the Moon back on 20 July 1969，people have become accustomed to① the notion②of space travel.Millions watched that first lunar landing on black and white television sets，[2]their hearts in their mouths，aware of how arduous and hazardous③ an undertaking it was，and of the many things [3]that could go wrong.With Armstrong's now famous words “That's one small step for man，one giant④ leap for mankind”，[4]what had once been considered impossible had now been achieved.[5]Guided by a computer that was much less powerful than the ones used by today's average school students，all three astronauts of the Apollo 11 mission [6]made it safely back to Earth.
[1]Ever since引导时间状语从句，意为“自……以来”。
[2]独立主格结构。
[3]that引导定语从句，修饰先行词things。
[4]what引导主语从句，在从句中作主语。
[5]过去分词短语作状语。
[6]“make it＋宾语补足语”结构，其中it为形式宾语。
【词汇积累】
①become accustomed to习惯于(做)某事
②notion/'n ( )n/n.概念；观点；看法
③hazardous/'h z d s/adj.危险的，不安全的
④giant n.巨人
adj.巨大的；伟大的
Following the Moon landings，space travel rapidly became unexceptional⑤to the public，as innovations succeeded each other.By the early 1980s，the great rockets previously⑥ [7]used in the American space programme had been replaced by the space shuttle.[8]When the Challenger space shuttle⑦ took off⑧ on 28 January 1986，the world seemed to have lost its wonder at the amazing achievements of the astronauts involved.But this was going to be no ordinary excursion⑨，and millions of⑩people tuned in to witness the take-off on TV.
It was special because Christa McAuliffe aged 37，an ordinary teacher and mother，was about to become the first civilian in space.She planned to give two 15-minute lessons from orbit：the first to demonstrate the controls of the spacecraft and explain how gravity worked，and the second to describe the objectives of the Challenger programme.Christa hoped to communicate a sense of excitement and rekindle interest in the space programme.[9]With the eyes of students across the nation upon her，she might have inspired an entirely new generation of astronauts and space scientists.
[7]过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词rockets。
[8]When引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”。
[9]此处含有“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”的复合结构。
⑤unexceptional/ nIk'sep ( )n l/adj.平常的
⑥previously adv.以前，先前
previous adj.以前的，先前的
⑦shuttle/' tl/n.航天飞机
the space shuttle 航天飞机
⑧take off 起飞；脱下；离开；突然成功
⑨excursion/Ik'sk ( )n/n.(有特定目的的)短途出行
⑩millions of 数百万……
demonstrate v.证明；证实
excitement n.令人激动(或兴奋)的事；兴奋
to one's excitement 令某人兴奋的是
rekindle/ri 'kIndl/v.重新激起，重新唤起
Tragically ，she never returned to her classroom as the shuttle exploded just over a minute after taking off in Florida，and all seven astronauts on board were killed.The world went into shock，[10]most people having assumed that this space flight would be no more dangerous than travelling in an aeroplane.How wrong they had been! Instantaneously ，excitement and optimism turned into terror and failure.It was the most disastrous space accident ever，and it cast a shadow on people's hearts.
[10]此处整体为独立主格结构，其中含有that引导的宾语从句。
tragically/'tr d Ikli/adv.悲惨地，不幸地
instantaneously/ Inst n'teIni sli/adv.瞬间地
turn into变成；成为
shadow/' d /n.坏影响，阴影
cast a shadow on给……蒙上阴影
“I can remember that day so clearly，[11]watching the take-off on TV at school，” said one student.“There was an ordinary teacher on the Challenger，and we were all very excited.We didn't have much patience [12]waiting for the launch.We had [13]seen the smiling faces of the astronauts waving to the world as they stepped into the shuttle.Then，little more than a minute after take-off，we saw a strange red and orange light in the sky，followed by a cloud of white smoke.The Challenger had exploded in mid-air and we all started screaming .”
[11]动词-ing形式短语作状语。
[12]动词-ing形式短语作状语。
[13]此处含有“see＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构；as引导时间状语从句。
scream/skri m/v.(因疼痛、惊恐、兴奋等)尖声大叫
Following the shock of the Challenger disaster，space shuttle flights were suspended for nearly three years while the cause of the disaster was investigated，and some of the shuttle's components were redesigned .[14]But there was never any doubt that manned flights would continue，and on 29 September 1988，the space shuttle programme resumed with the successful launch of Discovery.
[14]there was never any doubt that ＝ there is no doubt that...意为“毫无疑问……”。
suspend/s 'spend/v.暂停，中止
redesign v.重新设计
resume v.恢复(职位)；继续说；(中断后)继续；重新开始
It has now been over 30 years since the loss of Challenger and although the lives of its crew were cut tragically short，they take their place alongside the other heroes of space exploration，such as Gagarin，Tereshkova，Armstrong and Yang Liwei.The memory of those seven will live forever，written in the stars，inspiring us to join them in humanity's greatest journey of exploration and discovery.The sacrifice of the Challenger calls to us，[15]reminding us that we must continue to reach for the stars，no matter how distant they might seem.
[15]动词-ing形式短语作状语，表示伴随，其中又含有that引导的宾语从句。
crew/kru /n.(飞机上的)全体机组人员
【参考译文】
“挑战者”号的呼唤
自1969年7月20日尼尔·阿姆斯特朗首次登月以来，人们已习惯于太空旅行这个概念。数百万人在黑白电视机前观看了首次登月，为此激动得心都跳到了嗓子眼儿，因为大家都明白这是一项多么艰难、多么危险的任务，许多地方都可能出错。伴随着阿姆斯特朗说出那句名言——“这是个人的一小步，却是人类的一大步”，曾被认为是不可能的事情如今已经实现了。执行“阿波罗11”号任务的三位宇航员在一台计算机的指导下都安全返回地球，这台计算机远不如当今普通学校的学生使用的计算机功能强大。
登月后，随着新事物接连出现，宇宙航行迅速成为公众眼中的寻常之事。20世纪80年代早期，美国太空计划中使用的大型火箭已被航天飞机所代替。当“挑战者”号航天飞机于1986年1月28日发射时，对于宇航员所获得的令人惊叹的成就，全世界似乎已经失去了新鲜感。然而这将不是一次普通的航行，数百万人打开电视，共同见证这次发射。这次航行的特殊之处在于一位37岁名为克丽斯塔·麦考利夫的普通教师兼母亲将会成为第一位到访太空的普通公民。她计划在“挑战者”号沿轨道运行时讲两节课，每节15分钟。第一节课要展示航天器的操控装置，并解释一下引力是如何发挥作用的；第二节课要讲述“挑战者”号太空计划的目的。克丽斯塔希望借此传达她的激动之情，重新燃起人们对太空计划的兴趣。当全国学生的目光都聚集在她身上时，她或许能激发他们成为新一代宇航员和太空科学家的理想。
令人悲痛的是，她再也没能回到她的课堂。航天飞机在佛罗里达州发射仅一分多钟后就发生了爆炸，机上七名宇航员全部牺牲。全世界都震惊了！大多数人本以为这次太空航行不会比乘飞机旅行更加危险，但是所有人都大错特错了！激动和乐观瞬间化为恐惧和挫败，这是有史以来最惨烈的航天事故，给人们心里蒙上了阴影。
一个学生回忆道：“我非常清楚地记得那天，我在学校通过电视观看发射场景。有位普通教师在‘挑战者’号上，我们都非常激动，迫不及待地等着发射。我们看到宇航员笑容满面，向世界挥手致意，步入航天飞机。然后，发射仅仅一分多钟后，我们就看到空中奇异的红色和橙色的光芒，紧接着是一大团白烟。‘挑战者’号在半空中爆炸了，我们都开始尖叫。”
“挑战者”号令人震惊的灾难发生后，航天飞机航行中止了近三年时间，同时调查事故原因，重新设计飞行器的部分零件。但是毫无疑问，载人飞行绝不会就此停止。1988年9月29日，随着“发现”号的成功发射，航天飞机项目重新启动。
“挑战者”号失事至今已有30多年了。虽然“挑战者”号的机组人员英年早逝，但他们与加加林、捷列什科娃、阿姆斯特朗和杨利伟等进行太空探索的英雄们一道，都在历史上占有一席之地。他们七位的事迹将永存于世，书写在漫天星辰中，激励我们加入他们，共同致力于人类最伟大的探索发现之旅。“挑战者”号的牺牲召唤着、提醒着我们，不管星空看起来多么遥不可及，我们都要持之以恒地去探索。
1.What's the main idea of the passage
A.Men's first landing on the Moon.
B.The tragedy of the Challenger.
C.A brave teacher.
D.Men's first space exploration.
答案 B
2.Read the passage and choose the main idea of each paragraph.
A.The launch of the Challenger rekindled people's interest in the space programme.
B.The explosion of the Challenger from a student's eye.
C.The description of Armstrong's landing on the Moon.
D.The space accident cast a shadow on people's hearts.
E.The astronauts' heroic deeds inspire us to continue the space exploration.
F.The space shuttle programme went on with the launch of Discovery.
Para.1： Para.2： Para.3： Para.4：____
Para.5： Para.6：____
C
A
D
B
F
E
Choose the best answers according to the passage.
1.Why did many people pay attention to the Challenger's take-off
A.Challenger was an advanced space shuttle.
B.Some outstanding astronauts were involved.
C.An ordinary teacher would be sent into space.
D.Each astronaut would give a lesson from orbit.
答案 C
2.What do we know about the Challenger disaster
A.It occurred during a routine space walk.
B.It broke people's confidence in astronauts.
C.It led to a suspension of space shuttle flights.
D.It reminded scientists to design a new space shuttle.
答案 C
3.Why did the author mention heroes of space exploration in the last paragraph
A.To introduce some famous astronauts.
B.To show the difficulties of space exploration.
C.To express sorrow over the Challenger tragedy.
D.To encourage people to continue to explore space.
答案 D
4.Where does this passage probably come from
A.A news report.
B.A travel brochure.
C.A philosophy textbook.
D.A science magazine.
答案 D
1.Millions watched that first lunar landing on black and white television sets，their hearts in their mouths，aware of how arduous and hazardous an undertaking it was，and of the many things that could go wrong.
[句式分析] 本句为复合句。句中Millions watched that first lunar landing on black and white television sets为主句；their hearts in their mouths为 结构作伴随状语；形容词短语aware of...在句中作 ；第二个that引导 从句，修饰先行词the many things。
[自主翻译]
独立主格
状语
定语
数百万人在黑白电视机前观看了首次登月，为此激动得心都跳到了嗓子眼儿，因为大家都明白这是一项多么艰难、多么危险的任务，许多地方都可能出错。
2.Guided by a computer that was much less powerful than the ones used by today's average school students，all three astronauts of the Apollo 11 mission made it safely back to Earth.
[句式分析] 本句为复合句。句中Guided by a computer为过去分词短语作 ；that引导 从句，修饰先行词a computer；used by today's average school students为过去分词短语作 。
[自主翻译]
定语
状语
定语
执行“阿波罗11”号任务的三位宇航员在一台计算机的指导下都安全返回地球，这台计算机远不如当今普通学校的学生使用的计算机功能强大。
3.The sacrifice of the Challenger calls to us，reminding us that we must continue to reach for the stars，no matter how distant they might seem.
[句式分析] 本句为复合句。句中The sacrifice of the Challenger calls to us为主句；reminding us that we must continue to reach for the stars作 状语；no matter how distant they might seem作 从句，no matter how可替换为 。
[自主翻译]
伴随
让步状语
however
“挑战者”号的牺牲召唤着、提醒着我们，不管星空看起来多么遥不可及，我们都要持之以恒地去探索。
Neil Armstrong first set foot on the Moon back on 20 July 1969.With his now famous words “That's one small step for man，one giant leap for mankind”，1. had once been considered impossible had now been achieved.2. (follow) the Moon landings，space travel 3. (rapid) became unexceptional to the public，as innovations succeeded each other.When the Challenger space shuttle took off on 28 January 1986，the world seemed to have lost its wonder at the 4. (amaze) achievements of the astronauts involved.
what
Following
rapidly
amazing
Tragically，5. shuttle exploded just over a minute after taking off in Florida，and all seven astronauts 6. board were killed.Following the shock of the Challenger disaster，space shuttle flights 7. (suspend) for nearly three years.It has now been over 30 years since the loss of Challenger.The memory of those seven will live forever，
8. (write) in the stars，inspiring us 9. (join) them in humanity's greatest journey of 10. (explore) and discovery.
the
on
were suspended
written
to join
exploration
1.Would you like to go into space one day Give your reasons.(创造性思维)
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2.How do you understand the title The Call of the Challenger now？(批判性思维)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yes.In my view，through the exploration of the universe，we can better understand the universe，understand the evolution，the formation of the universe and so on.The evolution of the whole universe is a complete physical book，which is worth exploring and studying by human beings.
Dangerous as it is，people will never stop the pace of space exploration.The heroic deeds of the astronauts inspire us to go on with the exploration.
Ⅰ.阅读词汇
选出与单词对应的汉语释义
1.hazardous adj. A.(有特定目的的)短途出行
2.shuttle n. B.重新激起，重新唤起
3.excursion n. C.危险的，不安全的
4.rekindle v. D.航天飞机
5.instantaneously adv. E.瞬间地
答案 1.C 2.D 3.A 4.B 5.E
Ⅱ.核心词汇
1. n. 概念；观点；看法
2. n. 坏影响，阴影
3. v. (因疼痛、惊恐、兴奋等)尖声大叫
4. n. (飞机上的)全体机组人员
notion
shadow
scream
crew
Ⅲ.拓展词汇
1. adj.平常的→exception n.例外；例外的事物→exceptional adj.例外的；特别的
2. adv.悲惨地，不幸地→tragedy n.悲剧→tragic adj.悲剧的，悲惨的
3. v.暂停，中止；推迟；悬，挂，吊；使暂时停职→suspension n.暂停；暂缓，延期；暂令停职
unexceptional
tragically
suspend
Ⅳ.核心短语
1. 踏上
2. 习惯于(做)某事
3. (飞机)起飞；脱掉(衣服)；突然大受欢迎；突然成功
4. 收听，收看
5. 给……蒙上阴影
6. 步入；进入
7. 提心吊胆；某人的心提到嗓子眼
8. 接近；向……靠近
9. 得到应有的社会地位，名副其实
10. 呼唤/打电话给某人
set foot on
become accustomed to
take off
tune in
cast a shadow on
step into
one's heart in one's mouth
reach for
take one's place
call to sb
Ⅴ.经典句式
1.“Sb/Sth seems/seemed＋动词不定式”意为“某人/某物看起来……；好像……”
When the Challenger space shuttle took off on 28 January 1986，the world ___________
(似乎已经失去了新鲜感) at the amazing achievements of the astronauts involved.
2.It is/has been＋时间段＋since...
(至今已有30多年了) the loss of Challenger...
3.“no matter＋疑问词”引导让步状语从句
The sacrifice of the Challenger calls to us，reminding us that we must continue to reach for the stars， (不管星空看起来多么遥不可及).
lost its wonder
seemed to have
It has now been over 30 years since
no matter how distant they might seem
1.scream v.(因疼痛、惊恐、兴奋等)尖声大叫n.尖叫声
[教材原句] The Challenger had exploded in mid-air and we all started screaming.
“挑战者”号在半空中爆炸了，我们都开始尖叫。
(1)scream at sb (to do sth)大声喊叫某人(去做某事)
scream with/in＋表示情绪的词(excitement/terror/...) 兴奋地/惊恐地/……尖叫
(2)let out a scream发出尖叫声
词汇精研
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The sudden clap of thunder made the child let out shrill scream.
②The mother lost her patience，screaming her kids and saying something that was a bit too harsh.
③The lifeguard screamed at the swimmers (get) out of the water when he spotted a shark fin.
④她猛地跃起，惊恐万分地失声尖叫，并绝望地伸出双臂死死地抱住了我。(读后续写之动作描写)
She leapt up， ，and desperately flung her arms around me.
a
at
to get
screaming wildly in terror
2.suspend v.暂停，中止；推迟；悬，挂，吊；使暂时停职(或停学等)(→suspension n.暂停，中止；暂令停职)
[教材原句] Following the shock of the Challenger disaster，space shuttle flights were suspended for nearly three years while the cause of the disaster was investigated，and some of the shuttle's components were redesigned.
“挑战者”号令人震惊的灾难发生后，航天飞机航行中止了近三年时间，同时调查事故原因，重新设计飞行器的部分零件。
be suspended from school/the job 被停学/停职
suspend judgement 暂不作出判断
be suspended by 被……悬挂
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The builders worked on wooden platforms， (suspend) by ropes from the roof of the building.
②I think her (suspend) from the team was a very harsh punishment.
③得知自己因违反规定而被停学，他突然哭了起来。(读后续写之情感描写)
Knowing he for breaking the rules，he burst into tears.
suspended
suspension
was suspended from school
3.become accustomed to习惯于(做)某事(→accustom v.使习惯于→accustomed adj.习惯于；通常的；惯常的)
[教材原句] Ever since Neil Armstrong first set foot on the Moon back on 20 July 1969，people have become accustomed to the notion of space travel.
自1969年7月20日尼尔·阿姆斯特朗首次登月以来，人们已习惯于太空旅行这个概念。
(1)be/get/become accustomed to (doing)sth＝be/get used to (doing) sth
习惯于(做)某事
(2)accustom oneself/sb to (doing) sth
使自己/某人习惯于(做)某事
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/句式升级
①Having lived in six countries，she is a person (accustom) to cultural diversity.
②Knowing that you have difficulty in becoming accustomed your new life in high school，I'm writing to give you some hints.(应用文写作之建议信)
③I am accustomed to living in the countryside，and I always find it hard to live in the city.
→ ，I always find it hard to live in the city.(过去分词短语作状语)
→ ，I always find it hard to live in the city.(动词-ing形式短语作状语)
accustomed
to
Accustomed to living in the countryside
Accustoming myself to living in the countryside
[温馨提示] 含有介词to的其他常用动词短语：
①devote oneself to 献身于；致力于 ②get down to 开始认真做
③give way to 对……让步 ④lead to 导致；通向
⑤object to 反对 ⑥stick to 坚持
4.cast a shadow on/over给……蒙上阴影
[教材原句] It was the most disastrous space accident ever，and it cast a shadow on people's hearts.
这是有史以来最惨烈的航天事故，给人们心里蒙上了阴影。
cast light on 使……清楚；使……了解
cast doubt on 质疑；引起对……的怀疑
cast a look/glance at sb 朝某人看/瞥了一眼
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The doctor cast a quick glance the unconscious patient and began to provide first aid.
②The investigation cast new light the mysterious event.
③The incident cast doubt her motives and reliability.
④这个坏消息给她的快乐心情蒙上了阴影，沮丧和恐惧的泪水顺着她的脸流了下来。(读后续写之情感描写)
The bad news ，tears of frustration and fear trickling down her face.
at
on
on
cast a shadow over/on her happy mood
“Sb/Sth seems/seemed＋动词不定式”意为“某人/某物看起来……；好像……”
[教材原句] When the Challenger space shuttle took off on 28 January 1986, the world seemed to have lost its wonder at the amazing achievements of the astronauts involved.
当“挑战者”号航天飞机于1986年1月28日发射时，对于宇航员所获得的令人惊叹的成就，全世界似乎已经失去了新鲜感。
(1)Sb/Sth seems/seemed＋动词不定式
＝It seems/seemed that...看来……；好像……
(2)It seems＋形容词/名词＋to do sth看起来……
It seems as if/as though...看起来好像……
There seems (to be)...看起来……
句式剖析
[即学即练] 完成句子/句式升级
①事实上，每个人都似乎有诸事不顺的一段时期，因此不必太担心。(应用文写作之建议信)
Actually，everyone may go through a time when things ，so there is no need to worry so much.
②(译林必修一U2)虽然有时家庭和睦看起来似乎不太可能，但你可以采取行动来改善这种局面。
Although sometimes as a family, you can take action to improve the situation.
③The weather seems to be fine for the picnic tomorrow, according to the latest forecast.
→ ，according to the latest forecast.
seem to be going wrong
it may seem impossible to get along
It seems that the weather will be fine for the picnic tomorrow
一、课文词汇
1.a sense of excitement 激动之情
2.rekindle interest in the space programme 重新燃起对太空计划的兴趣
3.go into shock 陷入震惊
4.no more dangerous than travelling in an aeroplane
不会比乘飞机旅行更加危险
5.cast a shadow on people's hearts 给人们心里蒙上了阴影
6.start screaming 开始尖叫
探索宇宙
二、其他表达
1.dream of/about 梦想
2.carry out scientific experiments 开展科学实验
3.be faced with new opportunities and challenges
面临新的机遇和挑战
一、课文原句
1.Millions watched that first lunar landing on black and white television sets，their hearts in their mouths，aware of how arduous and hazardous an undertaking it was，and of the many things that could go wrong.
数百万人在黑白电视机前观看了首次登月，为此激动得心都跳到了嗓子眼儿，因为大家都明白这是一项多么艰难、多么危险的任务，许多地方都可能出错。
2.With the eyes of students across the nation upon her，she might have inspired an entirely new generation of astronauts and space scientists.
当全国学生的目光都聚集在她身上时，她或许能激发他们成为新一代宇航员和太空科学家的理想。
3.Instantaneously，excitement and optimism turned into terror and failure.
激动和乐观瞬间化为恐惧和挫败。
4.The sacrifice of the Challenger calls to us，reminding us that we must continue to reach for the stars，no matter how distant they might seem.
“挑战者”号的牺牲召唤着、提醒着我们，不管星空看起来多么遥不可及，我们都要持之以恒地去探索。
二、其他表达
1.In fact，so little do we know about the universe that we are not even aware how it came into being.
事实上，我们对宇宙了解得很少，甚至不知道它是如何形成的。
2.As far as I'm concerned，space exploration has many advantages.
在我看来，太空探索有很多好处。
1.我对太空探索如此痴迷，以至于业余时间我常常去图书馆阅读有关太空探索的东西。
_________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________
2.倒计时归零，巨大的火箭点燃了引擎并发射升空，发出雷鸣般的轰鸣声。
_________________________________________________________________________
_______________
So crazy am I about space exploration that in my spare time I often go to the library to read something about space exploration.
The countdown reaching zero，the giant rocket ignited its engines and took off，sending a thunderous roar.
3.无论遥远的行星有多远，人类都继续梦想着发现新世界并揭开宇宙的奥秘。
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
No matter how far the distant planets may be，humanity continues to dream of discovering new worlds and unraveling the secrets of the cosmos.
(满分：59.5分)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分)
1.Handling these chemicals without gloves is (hazard) and strictly against the safety rules.
2.The plane will take in ten minutes，so please fasten your seatbelt.
3.Her breakfast was quite (exception)，just toast and coffee like she had every morning before school.
4.The young firefighter (tragic) lost his life while trying to rescue others from the burning building.
5.The astronauts set foot the moon for the first time in 1969，making history.
hazardous
off
unexceptional
tragically
on
6.The old tree was struck by lightning and fell down (instantaneous) during the sudden storm.
7.After a few weeks，she became accustomed to (wake) up early for school.
8.Millions of fans tuned to watch the live concert on TV last night.
9.The bad news cast a shadow their happy vacation，making them worried.
10.The student faced a two-day (suspend) from school due to his repeated lateness and breaking of class rules.
instantaneously
waking
in
on
suspension
Ⅱ.完成句子(每小题3分，共12分)
1.我的手机似乎没电了；我无法打开它。(seem to have done sth)
My phone ;I can't turn it on.
2.你们来我们学校参加交流项目已经两周了，这项活动让我们所有人都受益。(It is/has been＋时间段＋since...)
you came to our school for the exchange program，which has benefited all of us.
seems to have run out of battery
It has been two weeks since
3.无论你面临多少压力，都不要半途而废。(“no matter＋疑问词”引导让步状语从句)
，you will never give up halfway.
4.在这么可怕的情况下没有一个可以求助的人，她感到很无助。(with复合结构)
，she felt very helpless.
No matter how much pressure you are under
With no one to turn to in such a frightening situation
Ⅲ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共17.5分)
A
CAMP KSC INTERNATIONAL
5-DAY PROGRAM
In the 5-day version of Camp KSC International，campers are encouraged to pursue science，technology，engineering，and math (STEM) through exciting learning adventures that cannot be found anywhere else.In the 5-day program，students will complete a variety of challenges appropriate to their grade level.Educational fun and enriching space-related activities ensure campers have an unforgettable experience.
Camp Activities：
Train as the next generation of space explorers in the Astronaut Training Experience Center.Land，walk，and drive on Mars through virtual and motion simulation (模拟)，and conduct a spacewalk in a microgravity experience.
Live and work on Mars for a day in Mars Base 1.Work together to solve base operations emergencies，program robots to maximize solar energy，and sustain life in the Botany Lab.
Tour exhibits and attractions throughout Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex and encounter everyday challenges of astronauts and engineers through hands-on activities and experiments.
Work in teams to follow the Engineering Design Process (ask，imagine，plan，create，test，revise) to solve a variety of engineering challenges.
Camp Information：
Fees：$ 700.A 30% non-refundable prepayment will be collected at the time of booking your Camp KSC International reservation.
Available to students ages 10－17 in groups of 24 or more.A minimum of 24 participants is required to run the program.
Programs run from 9：00 a.m.－3：30 p.m.with lunch and snacks provided daily.
Each participant must be able to read，understand，and follow English directions.
For more information，please email KSCint@.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了卡姆普克斯国际五天游程的情况。
1.What can participants do at the camp
A.Explore Mars virtually.
B.Build their own Mars Base.
C.Visit Engineering Design exhibitions.
D.Interact face-to-face with astronauts.
解析 A 细节理解题。根据Camp Activities部分中的“Land，walk，and drive on Mars through virtual and motion simulation，and conduct a spacewalk in a microgravity experience.”可知，参与者在营地可以通过虚拟技术探索火星。故选A。
2.How much can a student who withdraws from the camp be refunded at most
A.$ 210. B.$ 300.
C.$ 490. D.$ 700.
解析 C 细节理解题。根据Camp Information部分中的“Fees：$ 700.A 30% non-refundable prepayment will be collected at the time of booking your Camp KSC International reservation.”可知，如果一名学生退出夏令营，最多能获得700×(1－30%)＝490 美元退款。故选C。
3.What is required of the camp participants
A.Bringing their own lunch.
B.Being at least 17 years old.
C.Having basic fluency in English.
D.Joining a group of up to 24 campers.
解析 C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Each participant must be able to read，understand，and follow English directions.”可知，参加营地活动需要具备基本的英语口语能力。故选C。
B
China has taken a step forward in its ambitious plan to land astronauts on the moon by 2030—revealing the specially designed spacesuit its crew will wear for what's expected to be a landmark mission in the country's space program.
The new red-and-white suit is made to withstand the moon's extreme temperatures，as well as radiation and dust，while allowing astronauts physical flexibility to perform tasks on the lunar surface，according to state media.The moon-landing suit is equipped with a built-in long and short-range camera，an operations console (控制台)，and a glare-proof helmet visor (面罩)，according to a video，which featured well-known Chinese astronauts Zhai Zhigang and Wang Yaping demonstrating how astronauts wearing the suit can bend and climb a ladder.
The China National Space Administration has in recent years carried out a series of increasingly complex robotic lunar mission.It has been angling to become the second country to land astronauts on the moon.The US is also planning to send a crew at least in September 2026，NASA said.
China's new spacesuit was praised across state media as a major step forward in the country's crewed mission time line.The moon is an unforgiving place，exposed to both the sun's rays and the cold of space.Temperatures near the Moon's equator，for example，can increase to 250℉ (121℃) in the day and then decrease at night to－208℉ (－133℃), according to NASA.
Earlier this year，Chinese officials released the name of the spacecraft for the crewed lunar mission—with the spaceship named Mengzhou，or Dream Vessel，the lander，Lanyue，or Embracing the Moon.
The mission is designed as part of a broader set of lunar ambitions，which include China's plans to establish an international lunar research station at the moon's south pole by 2040.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇新闻报道。中国公布了为2030年载人登月设计的宇航服，能应对月球极端环境，保障航天员活动，中国正努力成为第二个载人登月国，并公布了飞船和着陆器名称。
4.What does the underlined word “withstand” probably mean
A.Adjust. B.Change.
C.Resist. D.Control.
解析 C 词义猜测题。根据常识和画线词后的“the moon's extreme temperatures，as well as radiation and dust”可推知，航天服必须能承受月球的极端温度、辐射和尘埃，所以画线词与C项“Resist”意思相近，意为“抵制，承受住”。故选C。
5.What can we infer about the moon-landing suit made in China
A.It is too heavy to bend.
B.It consists of red and blue colors.
C.It is equipped with two cameras.
D.It can keep astronaut's body flexible.
解析 D 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“...while allowing astronauts physical flexibility to perform tasks on the lunar surface，according to state media.”和“according to a video，which featured well-known Chinese astronauts Zhai Zhigang and Wang Yaping demonstrating how astronauts wearing the suit can bend and climb a ladder”可知，中国的登月航天服能让航天员身体保持灵活。故选D。
6.What can we know about the spacecraft for the crewed lunar mission
A.It is to be launched in 2040.
B.It is called Embracing the Moon.
C.It belongs to a part of the space station.
D.It includes the spaceship and the lander.
解析 D 细节理解题。根据第五段的内容可知，载人登月任务的航天器包括宇宙飞船和着陆器。故选D。
7.In which section of the newspaper can we read the passage
A.Business. B.Travel.
C.Style. D.Science.
解析 D 文章出处题。根据第一段的内容以及下文对航天服功能和航天器名称等科学相关内容的介绍可知，文章主要围绕中国的载人登月计划相关科学信息展开。所以应该能在报纸的“科学”板块读到这篇文章。故选D。
Ⅳ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分)
I'm not allowed to touch the moon rocks.This is the lab where the Johnson Space Center 1 the original samples that the Apollo astronauts 2 to the earth decades ago.As I stare at the rocks through glass，Charis，my tour guide，says in a 3 voice：No touching the moon rocks.
Before 4 this clean room，I remove all my jewelry.My guide and I cover our shoes with blue-paper booties and step into full-body jumpsuits.We then 5 gloves and a hair cover.Finally，we spend a full minute standing in an air shower，under a steady light wind 6 from ceiling to floor to 7 us of any fine dust.
Inside the clean room，the rocks are kept in 8 ，pressurized containers.
Only five sample processors in the world get to routinely handle these 9 stones.They preserve and prepare the samples for studies.To pick up an Apollo rock，they must use special tools，following pretty strict 10 about touching samples.All the 11 is to protect the 382 kilograms of rocks lifted from the moon.
“One big 12 belief is that the Apollo samples aren't being studied any more and that they only tell us about the moon，” says Charis.“Neither of those is true.”
Keeping priceless samples away from curious 13 allowed scientists to make one of the most surprising lunar 14 of the last 50 years：The moon is wet.Those samples are still offering fresh details about how the 15 —and the entire solar system—formed and developed.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了阿波罗任务带回地球的月球岩石的保存和研究过程。
1.A.accumulates B.stores
C.tests D.analyzes
解析 B 根据下文“the original samples”可知，此处指储存月球岩石样品。故选B。
2.A.brought B.sent
C.donated D.introduced
解析 A 根据下文“to the earth decades ago”和背景常识可知，阿波罗宇航员将月球岩石带回地球。故选A。
3.A.thoughtful B.sensitive
C.eager D.firm
解析 D 根据句意及下文“No touching the moon rocks.”可知，这里表示作者的导游Charis用坚定的语气说。故选D。
4.A.leaving B.inspecting
C.entering D.observing
解析 C 根据下文“I remove all my jewelry.My guide and I cover our shoes with blue-paper booties and step into full-body jumpsuits.”可知，此处指进入洁净室之前的步骤。故选C。
5.A.reach for B.deal with
C.put on D.inquire about
解析 C 根据下文“gloves and a hair cover”可知，此处指穿上相应的防护装备。故选C。
6.A.blowing B.shooting
C.sweeping D.rising
解析 A 根据上文“under a steady light wind”可知，这里指风在吹。故选A。
7.A.warn B.assure
C.remind D.clear
解析 D 根据下文“any fine dust”可知，这套设备的目的是清除灰尘。故选D。
8.A.useful B.secure
C.empty D.new
解析 B 根据下文“pressurized containers”以及安全和保存要求可知，容器需要是安全的。故选B。
9.A.precious B.strange
C.clean D.previous
解析 A 根据下文“They preserve and prepare the samples for studies.”并结合这些阿波罗任务带回地球的月球岩石的稀有性可知，岩石被称为“珍贵的”。故选A。
10.A.schedules B.laws
C.rules D.orders
解析 C 根据上文“they must use special tools”并结合句意可知，操作要求需遵循特定规则。故选C。
11.A.effort B.sacrifice
C.arrangement D.reform
解析 A 上文“They preserve and prepare the samples for studies.To pick up an Apollo rock，they must use special tools，following pretty strict ______ about touching samples.”描述了保护岩石的辛勤工作，因此是“努力”。故选A。
12.A.uncommon B.contradictory
C.impractical D.mistaken
解析 D 根据下文“‘...the Apollo samples aren't being studied any more and that they only tell us about the moon，’says Charis.‘Neither of those is true.’”可知，这种想法是错误的。故选D。
13.A.minds B.looks
C.fingers D.questions
解析 C 根据上文“Keeping priceless samples away from”推断，此处指避免好奇的人触碰样品。故选C。
14.A.attempts B.fortunes
C.reservations D.discoveries
解析 D 根据下文“The moon is wet”可知，这句话是该样品帮助实现的新发现。故选D。
15.A.sun B.moon
C.earth D.universe
解析 B 根据上文的“The moon is wet”和下文“the entire solar system”以及全文都在描述月球岩石的保存和研究过程可知，此处应指“月球”。故选B。
主题语境：人与自然——探索宇宙奥秘
Why we explore
With technologies first researched and developed for space exploration，we can solve some of the big problems facing mankind，making our lives safer and easier.Some technologies need further research to better solve real-life problems.For example，liquid hydrogen① is a clean alternative energy source that is used widely as rocket② fuel，[1]and it is likely that hydrogen fuel cell vehicles will be mass-produced and launched in the near future.These scientific and technological advances③ can provide benefits to societies on the Earth in many areas including health，energy and information technology.This should be a strong motive④ for continuing to explore space.
Although space exploration demands huge investment⑤，the space industry can actually bring great economic value.It has been calculated⑥ that the global space economy is increasing by billions of dollars every year.At the same time，space exploration can provide a variety of career⑦ opportunities for young people.Jobs in the space industry go far beyond the astronauts that receive widespread media coverage.There are many support staff on the ground，such as engineers，mechanics⑧ and research assistants.
Moreover，the amazing work these people do can provide education and inspiration⑨ for the next generation.For me personally，this is by far the biggest reason for humanity to explore space.Such wonders as a space shuttle launch or astronauts walking on the Moon are incredibly⑩ exciting and inspiring to witness ，and it can be these moments that shape children's lives forever and motivate them to become the scientists and engineers of the future.[2]It is this kind of inspiration that keeps our thirst for knowledge alive and ensures that advances in space exploration and many other fields will continue to be made.When you have seen a man walk on the Moon，you grow up believing that anything is possible!
词汇积累 佳句背诵
①hydrogen n.氢，氢气
②rocket n.火箭；火箭武器
③advance n.进展
v.前进；促进
④motive n.原因，动机，目的
⑤investment n.投资；投入
[1]...and it is likely that hydrogen fuel cell vehicles will be mass-produced and launched in the near future.(It is＋adj.＋that...)
……氢燃料电池汽车很可能在不久的将来被大量生产并投入使用。
词汇积累 佳句背诵
⑥calculate vt.计算，核算；预测
⑦career n.生涯；职业；事业
⑧mechanic n.机械师，技工
⑨inspiration n.灵感
⑩incredibly adv.令人难以置信
witness vt.目击；为……做证 [2]It is this kind of inspiration that keeps our thirst for knowledge alive and ensures that advances in space exploration and many other fields will continue to be made.(强调句型)
正是这种灵感使我们保持对知识的渴望，并确保在太空探索和许多其他领域将继续取得进步。
栏目导航
The Call of the Challenger
[1]Ever since Neil Armstrong first set foot on the Moon back on 20 July 1969，people have become accustomed to① the notion②of space travel.Millions watched that first lunar landing on black and white television sets，[2]their hearts in their mouths，aware of how arduous and hazardous③ an undertaking it was，and of the many things [3]that could go wrong.With Armstrong's now famous words “That's one small step for man，one giant④ leap for mankind”，[4]what had once been considered impossible had now been achieved.[5]Guided by a computer that was much less powerful than the ones used by today's average school students，all three astronauts of the Apollo 11 mission [6]made it safely back to Earth.
[1]Ever since引导时间状语从句，意为“自……以来”。
[2]独立主格结构。
[3]that引导定语从句，修饰先行词things。
[4]what引导主语从句，在从句中作主语。
[5]过去分词短语作状语。
[6]“make it＋宾语补足语”结构，其中it为形式宾语。
【词汇积累】
①become accustomed to习惯于(做)某事
②notion/'n ( )n/n.概念；观点；看法
③hazardous/'h z d s/adj.危险的，不安全的
④giant n.巨人
adj.巨大的；伟大的
Following the Moon landings，space travel rapidly became unexceptional⑤to the public，as innovations succeeded each other.By the early 1980s，the great rockets previously⑥ [7]used in the American space programme had been replaced by the space shuttle.[8]When the Challenger space shuttle⑦ took off⑧ on 28 January 1986，the world seemed to have lost its wonder at the amazing achievements of the astronauts involved.But this was going to be no ordinary excursion⑨，and millions of⑩people tuned in to witness the take-off on TV.
It was special because Christa McAuliffe aged 37，an ordinary teacher and mother，was about to become the first civilian in space.She planned to give two 15-minute lessons from orbit：the first to demonstrate the controls of the spacecraft and explain how gravity worked，and the second to describe the objectives of the Challenger programme.Christa hoped to communicate a sense of excitement and rekindle interest in the space programme.[9]With the eyes of students across the nation upon her，she might have inspired an entirely new generation of astronauts and space scientists.
[7]过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词rockets。
[8]When引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”。
[9]此处含有“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”的复合结构。
⑤unexceptional/ nIk'sep ( )n l/adj.平常的
⑥previously adv.以前，先前
previous adj.以前的，先前的
⑦shuttle/' tl/n.航天飞机
the space shuttle 航天飞机
⑧take off 起飞；脱下；离开；突然成功
⑨excursion/Ik'sk ( )n/n.(有特定目的的)短途出行
⑩millions of 数百万……
demonstrate v.证明；证实
excitement n.令人激动(或兴奋)的事；兴奋
to one's excitement 令某人兴奋的是
rekindle/ri 'kIndl/v.重新激起，重新唤起
Tragically ，she never returned to her classroom as the shuttle exploded just over a minute after taking off in Florida，and all seven astronauts on board were killed.The world went into shock，[10]most people having assumed that this space flight would be no more dangerous than travelling in an aeroplane.How wrong they had been! Instantaneously ，excitement and optimism turned into terror and failure.It was the most disastrous space accident ever，and it cast a shadow on people's hearts.
[10]此处整体为独立主格结构，其中含有that引导的宾语从句。
tragically/'tr d Ikli/adv.悲惨地，不幸地
instantaneously/ Inst n'teIni sli/adv.瞬间地
turn into变成；成为
shadow/' d /n.坏影响，阴影
cast a shadow on给……蒙上阴影
“I can remember that day so clearly，[11]watching the take-off on TV at school，” said one student.“There was an ordinary teacher on the Challenger，and we were all very excited.We didn't have much patience [12]waiting for the launch.We had [13]seen the smiling faces of the astronauts waving to the world as they stepped into the shuttle.Then，little more than a minute after take-off，we saw a strange red and orange light in the sky，followed by a cloud of white smoke.The Challenger had exploded in mid-air and we all started screaming .”
[11]动词-ing形式短语作状语。
[12]动词-ing形式短语作状语。
[13]此处含有“see＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构；as引导时间状语从句。
scream/skri m/v.(因疼痛、惊恐、兴奋等)尖声大叫
Following the shock of the Challenger disaster，space shuttle flights were suspended for nearly three years while the cause of the disaster was investigated，and some of the shuttle's components were redesigned .[14]But there was never any doubt that manned flights would continue，and on 29 September 1988，the space shuttle programme resumed with the successful launch of Discovery.
[14]there was never any doubt that ＝ there is no doubt that...意为“毫无疑问……”。
suspend/s 'spend/v.暂停，中止
redesign v.重新设计
resume v.恢复(职位)；继续说；(中断后)继续；重新开始
It has now been over 30 years since the loss of Challenger and although the lives of its crew were cut tragically short，they take their place alongside the other heroes of space exploration，such as Gagarin，Tereshkova，Armstrong and Yang Liwei.The memory of those seven will live forever，written in the stars，inspiring us to join them in humanity's greatest journey of exploration and discovery.The sacrifice of the Challenger calls to us，[15]reminding us that we must continue to reach for the stars，no matter how distant they might seem.
[15]动词-ing形式短语作状语，表示伴随，其中又含有that引导的宾语从句。
crew/kru /n.(飞机上的)全体机组人员
【参考译文】
“挑战者”号的呼唤
自1969年7月20日尼尔·阿姆斯特朗首次登月以来，人们已习惯于太空旅行这个概念。数百万人在黑白电视机前观看了首次登月，为此激动得心都跳到了嗓子眼儿，因为大家都明白这是一项多么艰难、多么危险的任务，许多地方都可能出错。伴随着阿姆斯特朗说出那句名言——“这是个人的一小步，却是人类的一大步”，曾被认为是不可能的事情如今已经实现了。执行“阿波罗11”号任务的三位宇航员在一台计算机的指导下都安全返回地球，这台计算机远不如当今普通学校的学生使用的计算机功能强大。
登月后，随着新事物接连出现，宇宙航行迅速成为公众眼中的寻常之事。20世纪80年代早期，美国太空计划中使用的大型火箭已被航天飞机所代替。当“挑战者”号航天飞机于1986年1月28日发射时，对于宇航员所获得的令人惊叹的成就，全世界似乎已经失去了新鲜感。然而这将不是一次普通的航行，数百万人打开电视，共同见证这次发射。这次航行的特殊之处在于一位37岁名为克丽斯塔·麦考利夫的普通教师兼母亲将会成为第一位到访太空的普通公民。她计划在“挑战者”号沿轨道运行时讲两节课，每节15分钟。第一节课要展示航天器的操控装置，并解释一下引力是如何发挥作用的；第二节课要讲述“挑战者”号太空计划的目的。克丽斯塔希望借此传达她的激动之情，重新燃起人们对太空计划的兴趣。当全国学生的目光都聚集在她身上时，她或许能激发他们成为新一代宇航员和太空科学家的理想。
令人悲痛的是，她再也没能回到她的课堂。航天飞机在佛罗里达州发射仅一分多钟后就发生了爆炸，机上七名宇航员全部牺牲。全世界都震惊了！大多数人本以为这次太空航行不会比乘飞机旅行更加危险，但是所有人都大错特错了！激动和乐观瞬间化为恐惧和挫败，这是有史以来最惨烈的航天事故，给人们心里蒙上了阴影。
一个学生回忆道：“我非常清楚地记得那天，我在学校通过电视观看发射场景。有位普通教师在‘挑战者’号上，我们都非常激动，迫不及待地等着发射。我们看到宇航员笑容满面，向世界挥手致意，步入航天飞机。然后，发射仅仅一分多钟后，我们就看到空中奇异的红色和橙色的光芒，紧接着是一大团白烟。‘挑战者’号在半空中爆炸了，我们都开始尖叫。”
“挑战者”号令人震惊的灾难发生后，航天飞机航行中止了近三年时间，同时调查事故原因，重新设计飞行器的部分零件。但是毫无疑问，载人飞行绝不会就此停止。1988年9月29日，随着“发现”号的成功发射，航天飞机项目重新启动。
“挑战者”号失事至今已有30多年了。虽然“挑战者”号的机组人员英年早逝，但他们与加加林、捷列什科娃、阿姆斯特朗和杨利伟等进行太空探索的英雄们一道，都在历史上占有一席之地。他们七位的事迹将永存于世，书写在漫天星辰中，激励我们加入他们，共同致力于人类最伟大的探索发现之旅。“挑战者”号的牺牲召唤着、提醒着我们，不管星空看起来多么遥不可及，我们都要持之以恒地去探索。
1.What's the main idea of the passage
A.Men's first landing on the Moon.
B.The tragedy of the Challenger.
C.A brave teacher.
D.Men's first space exploration.
答案 B
2.Read the passage and choose the main idea of each paragraph.
A.The launch of the Challenger rekindled people's interest in the space programme.
B.The explosion of the Challenger from a student's eye.
C.The description of Armstrong's landing on the Moon.
D.The space accident cast a shadow on people's hearts.
E.The astronauts' heroic deeds inspire us to continue the space exploration.
F.The space shuttle programme went on with the launch of Discovery.
Para.1： Para.2： Para.3： Para.4：____
Para.5： Para.6：____
C
A
D
B
F
E
Choose the best answers according to the passage.
1.Why did many people pay attention to the Challenger's take-off
A.Challenger was an advanced space shuttle.
B.Some outstanding astronauts were involved.
C.An ordinary teacher would be sent into space.
D.Each astronaut would give a lesson from orbit.
答案 C
2.What do we know about the Challenger disaster
A.It occurred during a routine space walk.
B.It broke people's confidence in astronauts.
C.It led to a suspension of space shuttle flights.
D.It reminded scientists to design a new space shuttle.
答案 C
3.Why did the author mention heroes of space exploration in the last paragraph
A.To introduce some famous astronauts.
B.To show the difficulties of space exploration.
C.To express sorrow over the Challenger tragedy.
D.To encourage people to continue to explore space.
答案 D
4.Where does this passage probably come from
A.A news report.
B.A travel brochure.
C.A philosophy textbook.
D.A science magazine.
答案 D
1.Millions watched that first lunar landing on black and white television sets，their hearts in their mouths，aware of how arduous and hazardous an undertaking it was，and of the many things that could go wrong.
[句式分析] 本句为复合句。句中Millions watched that first lunar landing on black and white television sets为主句；their hearts in their mouths为 结构作伴随状语；形容词短语aware of...在句中作 ；第二个that引导 从句，修饰先行词the many things。
[自主翻译]
独立主格
状语
定语
数百万人在黑白电视机前观看了首次登月，为此激动得心都跳到了嗓子眼儿，因为大家都明白这是一项多么艰难、多么危险的任务，许多地方都可能出错。
2.Guided by a computer that was much less powerful than the ones used by today's average school students，all three astronauts of the Apollo 11 mission made it safely back to Earth.
[句式分析] 本句为复合句。句中Guided by a computer为过去分词短语作 ；that引导 从句，修饰先行词a computer；used by today's average school students为过去分词短语作 。
[自主翻译]
定语
状语
定语
执行“阿波罗11”号任务的三位宇航员在一台计算机的指导下都安全返回地球，这台计算机远不如当今普通学校的学生使用的计算机功能强大。
3.The sacrifice of the Challenger calls to us，reminding us that we must continue to reach for the stars，no matter how distant they might seem.
[句式分析] 本句为复合句。句中The sacrifice of the Challenger calls to us为主句；reminding us that we must continue to reach for the stars作 状语；no matter how distant they might seem作 从句，no matter how可替换为 。
[自主翻译]
伴随
让步状语
however
“挑战者”号的牺牲召唤着、提醒着我们，不管星空看起来多么遥不可及，我们都要持之以恒地去探索。
Neil Armstrong first set foot on the Moon back on 20 July 1969.With his now famous words “That's one small step for man，one giant leap for mankind”，1. had once been considered impossible had now been achieved.2. (follow) the Moon landings，space travel 3. (rapid) became unexceptional to the public，as innovations succeeded each other.When the Challenger space shuttle took off on 28 January 1986，the world seemed to have lost its wonder at the 4. (amaze) achievements of the astronauts involved.
what
Following
rapidly
amazing
Tragically，5. shuttle exploded just over a minute after taking off in Florida，and all seven astronauts 6. board were killed.Following the shock of the Challenger disaster，space shuttle flights 7. (suspend) for nearly three years.It has now been over 30 years since the loss of Challenger.The memory of those seven will live forever，
8. (write) in the stars，inspiring us 9. (join) them in humanity's greatest journey of 10. (explore) and discovery.
the
on
were suspended
written
to join
exploration
1.Would you like to go into space one day Give your reasons.(创造性思维)
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2.How do you understand the title The Call of the Challenger now？(批判性思维)
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yes.In my view，through the exploration of the universe，we can better understand the universe，understand the evolution，the formation of the universe and so on.The evolution of the whole universe is a complete physical book，which is worth exploring and studying by human beings.
Dangerous as it is，people will never stop the pace of space exploration.The heroic deeds of the astronauts inspire us to go on with the exploration.
Ⅰ.阅读词汇
选出与单词对应的汉语释义
1.hazardous adj. A.(有特定目的的)短途出行
2.shuttle n. B.重新激起，重新唤起
3.excursion n. C.危险的，不安全的
4.rekindle v. D.航天飞机
5.instantaneously adv. E.瞬间地
答案 1.C 2.D 3.A 4.B 5.E
Ⅱ.核心词汇
1. n. 概念；观点；看法
2. n. 坏影响，阴影
3. v. (因疼痛、惊恐、兴奋等)尖声大叫
4. n. (飞机上的)全体机组人员
notion
shadow
scream
crew
Ⅲ.拓展词汇
1. adj.平常的→exception n.例外；例外的事物→exceptional adj.例外的；特别的
2. adv.悲惨地，不幸地→tragedy n.悲剧→tragic adj.悲剧的，悲惨的
3. v.暂停，中止；推迟；悬，挂，吊；使暂时停职→suspension n.暂停；暂缓，延期；暂令停职
unexceptional
tragically
suspend
Ⅳ.核心短语
1. 踏上
2. 习惯于(做)某事
3. (飞机)起飞；脱掉(衣服)；突然大受欢迎；突然成功
4. 收听，收看
5. 给……蒙上阴影
6. 步入；进入
7. 提心吊胆；某人的心提到嗓子眼
8. 接近；向……靠近
9. 得到应有的社会地位，名副其实
10. 呼唤/打电话给某人
set foot on
become accustomed to
take off
tune in
cast a shadow on
step into
one's heart in one's mouth
reach for
take one's place
call to sb
Ⅴ.经典句式
1.“Sb/Sth seems/seemed＋动词不定式”意为“某人/某物看起来……；好像……”
When the Challenger space shuttle took off on 28 January 1986，the world ___________
(似乎已经失去了新鲜感) at the amazing achievements of the astronauts involved.
2.It is/has been＋时间段＋since...
(至今已有30多年了) the loss of Challenger...
3.“no matter＋疑问词”引导让步状语从句
The sacrifice of the Challenger calls to us，reminding us that we must continue to reach for the stars， (不管星空看起来多么遥不可及).
lost its wonder
seemed to have
It has now been over 30 years since
no matter how distant they might seem
1.scream v.(因疼痛、惊恐、兴奋等)尖声大叫n.尖叫声
[教材原句] The Challenger had exploded in mid-air and we all started screaming.
“挑战者”号在半空中爆炸了，我们都开始尖叫。
(1)scream at sb (to do sth)大声喊叫某人(去做某事)
scream with/in＋表示情绪的词(excitement/terror/...) 兴奋地/惊恐地/……尖叫
(2)let out a scream发出尖叫声
词汇精研
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The sudden clap of thunder made the child let out shrill scream.
②The mother lost her patience，screaming her kids and saying something that was a bit too harsh.
③The lifeguard screamed at the swimmers (get) out of the water when he spotted a shark fin.
④她猛地跃起，惊恐万分地失声尖叫，并绝望地伸出双臂死死地抱住了我。(读后续写之动作描写)
She leapt up， ，and desperately flung her arms around me.
a
at
to get
screaming wildly in terror
2.suspend v.暂停，中止；推迟；悬，挂，吊；使暂时停职(或停学等)(→suspension n.暂停，中止；暂令停职)
[教材原句] Following the shock of the Challenger disaster，space shuttle flights were suspended for nearly three years while the cause of the disaster was investigated，and some of the shuttle's components were redesigned.
“挑战者”号令人震惊的灾难发生后，航天飞机航行中止了近三年时间，同时调查事故原因，重新设计飞行器的部分零件。
be suspended from school/the job 被停学/停职
suspend judgement 暂不作出判断
be suspended by 被……悬挂
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The builders worked on wooden platforms， (suspend) by ropes from the roof of the building.
②I think her (suspend) from the team was a very harsh punishment.
③得知自己因违反规定而被停学，他突然哭了起来。(读后续写之情感描写)
Knowing he for breaking the rules，he burst into tears.
suspended
suspension
was suspended from school
3.become accustomed to习惯于(做)某事(→accustom v.使习惯于→accustomed adj.习惯于；通常的；惯常的)
[教材原句] Ever since Neil Armstrong first set foot on the Moon back on 20 July 1969，people have become accustomed to the notion of space travel.
自1969年7月20日尼尔·阿姆斯特朗首次登月以来，人们已习惯于太空旅行这个概念。
(1)be/get/become accustomed to (doing)sth＝be/get used to (doing) sth
习惯于(做)某事
(2)accustom oneself/sb to (doing) sth
使自己/某人习惯于(做)某事
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/句式升级
①Having lived in six countries，she is a person (accustom) to cultural diversity.
②Knowing that you have difficulty in becoming accustomed your new life in high school，I'm writing to give you some hints.(应用文写作之建议信)
③I am accustomed to living in the countryside，and I always find it hard to live in the city.
→ ，I always find it hard to live in the city.(过去分词短语作状语)
→ ，I always find it hard to live in the city.(动词-ing形式短语作状语)
accustomed
to
Accustomed to living in the countryside
Accustoming myself to living in the countryside
[温馨提示] 含有介词to的其他常用动词短语：
①devote oneself to 献身于；致力于 ②get down to 开始认真做
③give way to 对……让步 ④lead to 导致；通向
⑤object to 反对 ⑥stick to 坚持
4.cast a shadow on/over给……蒙上阴影
[教材原句] It was the most disastrous space accident ever，and it cast a shadow on people's hearts.
这是有史以来最惨烈的航天事故，给人们心里蒙上了阴影。
cast light on 使……清楚；使……了解
cast doubt on 质疑；引起对……的怀疑
cast a look/glance at sb 朝某人看/瞥了一眼
[即学即练] 单句语法填空/完成句子
①The doctor cast a quick glance the unconscious patient and began to provide first aid.
②The investigation cast new light the mysterious event.
③The incident cast doubt her motives and reliability.
④这个坏消息给她的快乐心情蒙上了阴影，沮丧和恐惧的泪水顺着她的脸流了下来。(读后续写之情感描写)
The bad news ，tears of frustration and fear trickling down her face.
at
on
on
cast a shadow over/on her happy mood
“Sb/Sth seems/seemed＋动词不定式”意为“某人/某物看起来……；好像……”
[教材原句] When the Challenger space shuttle took off on 28 January 1986, the world seemed to have lost its wonder at the amazing achievements of the astronauts involved.
当“挑战者”号航天飞机于1986年1月28日发射时，对于宇航员所获得的令人惊叹的成就，全世界似乎已经失去了新鲜感。
(1)Sb/Sth seems/seemed＋动词不定式
＝It seems/seemed that...看来……；好像……
(2)It seems＋形容词/名词＋to do sth看起来……
It seems as if/as though...看起来好像……
There seems (to be)...看起来……
句式剖析
[即学即练] 完成句子/句式升级
①事实上，每个人都似乎有诸事不顺的一段时期，因此不必太担心。(应用文写作之建议信)
Actually，everyone may go through a time when things ，so there is no need to worry so much.
②(译林必修一U2)虽然有时家庭和睦看起来似乎不太可能，但你可以采取行动来改善这种局面。
Although sometimes as a family, you can take action to improve the situation.
③The weather seems to be fine for the picnic tomorrow, according to the latest forecast.
→ ，according to the latest forecast.
seem to be going wrong
it may seem impossible to get along
It seems that the weather will be fine for the picnic tomorrow
一、课文词汇
1.a sense of excitement 激动之情
2.rekindle interest in the space programme 重新燃起对太空计划的兴趣
3.go into shock 陷入震惊
4.no more dangerous than travelling in an aeroplane
不会比乘飞机旅行更加危险
5.cast a shadow on people's hearts 给人们心里蒙上了阴影
6.start screaming 开始尖叫
探索宇宙
二、其他表达
1.dream of/about 梦想
2.carry out scientific experiments 开展科学实验
3.be faced with new opportunities and challenges
面临新的机遇和挑战
一、课文原句
1.Millions watched that first lunar landing on black and white television sets，their hearts in their mouths，aware of how arduous and hazardous an undertaking it was，and of the many things that could go wrong.
数百万人在黑白电视机前观看了首次登月，为此激动得心都跳到了嗓子眼儿，因为大家都明白这是一项多么艰难、多么危险的任务，许多地方都可能出错。
2.With the eyes of students across the nation upon her，she might have inspired an entirely new generation of astronauts and space scientists.
当全国学生的目光都聚集在她身上时，她或许能激发他们成为新一代宇航员和太空科学家的理想。
3.Instantaneously，excitement and optimism turned into terror and failure.
激动和乐观瞬间化为恐惧和挫败。
4.The sacrifice of the Challenger calls to us，reminding us that we must continue to reach for the stars，no matter how distant they might seem.
“挑战者”号的牺牲召唤着、提醒着我们，不管星空看起来多么遥不可及，我们都要持之以恒地去探索。
二、其他表达
1.In fact，so little do we know about the universe that we are not even aware how it came into being.
事实上，我们对宇宙了解得很少，甚至不知道它是如何形成的。
2.As far as I'm concerned，space exploration has many advantages.
在我看来，太空探索有很多好处。
1.我对太空探索如此痴迷，以至于业余时间我常常去图书馆阅读有关太空探索的东西。
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2.倒计时归零，巨大的火箭点燃了引擎并发射升空，发出雷鸣般的轰鸣声。
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So crazy am I about space exploration that in my spare time I often go to the library to read something about space exploration.
The countdown reaching zero，the giant rocket ignited its engines and took off，sending a thunderous roar.
3.无论遥远的行星有多远，人类都继续梦想着发现新世界并揭开宇宙的奥秘。
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No matter how far the distant planets may be，humanity continues to dream of discovering new worlds and unraveling the secrets of the cosmos.
(满分：59.5分)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分)
1.Handling these chemicals without gloves is (hazard) and strictly against the safety rules.
2.The plane will take in ten minutes，so please fasten your seatbelt.
3.Her breakfast was quite (exception)，just toast and coffee like she had every morning before school.
4.The young firefighter (tragic) lost his life while trying to rescue others from the burning building.
5.The astronauts set foot the moon for the first time in 1969，making history.
hazardous
off
unexceptional
tragically
on
6.The old tree was struck by lightning and fell down (instantaneous) during the sudden storm.
7.After a few weeks，she became accustomed to (wake) up early for school.
8.Millions of fans tuned to watch the live concert on TV last night.
9.The bad news cast a shadow their happy vacation，making them worried.
10.The student faced a two-day (suspend) from school due to his repeated lateness and breaking of class rules.
instantaneously
waking
in
on
suspension
Ⅱ.完成句子(每小题3分，共12分)
1.我的手机似乎没电了；我无法打开它。(seem to have done sth)
My phone ;I can't turn it on.
2.你们来我们学校参加交流项目已经两周了，这项活动让我们所有人都受益。(It is/has been＋时间段＋since...)
you came to our school for the exchange program，which has benefited all of us.
seems to have run out of battery
It has been two weeks since
3.无论你面临多少压力，都不要半途而废。(“no matter＋疑问词”引导让步状语从句)
，you will never give up halfway.
4.在这么可怕的情况下没有一个可以求助的人，她感到很无助。(with复合结构)
，she felt very helpless.
No matter how much pressure you are under
With no one to turn to in such a frightening situation
Ⅲ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共17.5分)
A
CAMP KSC INTERNATIONAL
5-DAY PROGRAM
In the 5-day version of Camp KSC International，campers are encouraged to pursue science，technology，engineering，and math (STEM) through exciting learning adventures that cannot be found anywhere else.In the 5-day program，students will complete a variety of challenges appropriate to their grade level.Educational fun and enriching space-related activities ensure campers have an unforgettable experience.
Camp Activities：
Train as the next generation of space explorers in the Astronaut Training Experience Center.Land，walk，and drive on Mars through virtual and motion simulation (模拟)，and conduct a spacewalk in a microgravity experience.
Live and work on Mars for a day in Mars Base 1.Work together to solve base operations emergencies，program robots to maximize solar energy，and sustain life in the Botany Lab.
Tour exhibits and attractions throughout Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex and encounter everyday challenges of astronauts and engineers through hands-on activities and experiments.
Work in teams to follow the Engineering Design Process (ask，imagine，plan，create，test，revise) to solve a variety of engineering challenges.
Camp Information：
Fees：$ 700.A 30% non-refundable prepayment will be collected at the time of booking your Camp KSC International reservation.
Available to students ages 10－17 in groups of 24 or more.A minimum of 24 participants is required to run the program.
Programs run from 9：00 a.m.－3：30 p.m.with lunch and snacks provided daily.
Each participant must be able to read，understand，and follow English directions.
For more information，please email KSCint@.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了卡姆普克斯国际五天游程的情况。
1.What can participants do at the camp
A.Explore Mars virtually.
B.Build their own Mars Base.
C.Visit Engineering Design exhibitions.
D.Interact face-to-face with astronauts.
解析 A 细节理解题。根据Camp Activities部分中的“Land，walk，and drive on Mars through virtual and motion simulation，and conduct a spacewalk in a microgravity experience.”可知，参与者在营地可以通过虚拟技术探索火星。故选A。
2.How much can a student who withdraws from the camp be refunded at most
A.$ 210. B.$ 300.
C.$ 490. D.$ 700.
解析 C 细节理解题。根据Camp Information部分中的“Fees：$ 700.A 30% non-refundable prepayment will be collected at the time of booking your Camp KSC International reservation.”可知，如果一名学生退出夏令营，最多能获得700×(1－30%)＝490 美元退款。故选C。
3.What is required of the camp participants
A.Bringing their own lunch.
B.Being at least 17 years old.
C.Having basic fluency in English.
D.Joining a group of up to 24 campers.
解析 C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Each participant must be able to read，understand，and follow English directions.”可知，参加营地活动需要具备基本的英语口语能力。故选C。
B
China has taken a step forward in its ambitious plan to land astronauts on the moon by 2030—revealing the specially designed spacesuit its crew will wear for what's expected to be a landmark mission in the country's space program.
The new red-and-white suit is made to withstand the moon's extreme temperatures，as well as radiation and dust，while allowing astronauts physical flexibility to perform tasks on the lunar surface，according to state media.The moon-landing suit is equipped with a built-in long and short-range camera，an operations console (控制台)，and a glare-proof helmet visor (面罩)，according to a video，which featured well-known Chinese astronauts Zhai Zhigang and Wang Yaping demonstrating how astronauts wearing the suit can bend and climb a ladder.
The China National Space Administration has in recent years carried out a series of increasingly complex robotic lunar mission.It has been angling to become the second country to land astronauts on the moon.The US is also planning to send a crew at least in September 2026，NASA said.
China's new spacesuit was praised across state media as a major step forward in the country's crewed mission time line.The moon is an unforgiving place，exposed to both the sun's rays and the cold of space.Temperatures near the Moon's equator，for example，can increase to 250℉ (121℃) in the day and then decrease at night to－208℉ (－133℃), according to NASA.
Earlier this year，Chinese officials released the name of the spacecraft for the crewed lunar mission—with the spaceship named Mengzhou，or Dream Vessel，the lander，Lanyue，or Embracing the Moon.
The mission is designed as part of a broader set of lunar ambitions，which include China's plans to establish an international lunar research station at the moon's south pole by 2040.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇新闻报道。中国公布了为2030年载人登月设计的宇航服，能应对月球极端环境，保障航天员活动，中国正努力成为第二个载人登月国，并公布了飞船和着陆器名称。
4.What does the underlined word “withstand” probably mean
A.Adjust. B.Change.
C.Resist. D.Control.
解析 C 词义猜测题。根据常识和画线词后的“the moon's extreme temperatures，as well as radiation and dust”可推知，航天服必须能承受月球的极端温度、辐射和尘埃，所以画线词与C项“Resist”意思相近，意为“抵制，承受住”。故选C。
5.What can we infer about the moon-landing suit made in China
A.It is too heavy to bend.
B.It consists of red and blue colors.
C.It is equipped with two cameras.
D.It can keep astronaut's body flexible.
解析 D 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“...while allowing astronauts physical flexibility to perform tasks on the lunar surface，according to state media.”和“according to a video，which featured well-known Chinese astronauts Zhai Zhigang and Wang Yaping demonstrating how astronauts wearing the suit can bend and climb a ladder”可知，中国的登月航天服能让航天员身体保持灵活。故选D。
6.What can we know about the spacecraft for the crewed lunar mission
A.It is to be launched in 2040.
B.It is called Embracing the Moon.
C.It belongs to a part of the space station.
D.It includes the spaceship and the lander.
解析 D 细节理解题。根据第五段的内容可知，载人登月任务的航天器包括宇宙飞船和着陆器。故选D。
7.In which section of the newspaper can we read the passage
A.Business. B.Travel.
C.Style. D.Science.
解析 D 文章出处题。根据第一段的内容以及下文对航天服功能和航天器名称等科学相关内容的介绍可知，文章主要围绕中国的载人登月计划相关科学信息展开。所以应该能在报纸的“科学”板块读到这篇文章。故选D。
Ⅳ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分)
I'm not allowed to touch the moon rocks.This is the lab where the Johnson Space Center 1 the original samples that the Apollo astronauts 2 to the earth decades ago.As I stare at the rocks through glass，Charis，my tour guide，says in a 3 voice：No touching the moon rocks.
Before 4 this clean room，I remove all my jewelry.My guide and I cover our shoes with blue-paper booties and step into full-body jumpsuits.We then 5 gloves and a hair cover.Finally，we spend a full minute standing in an air shower，under a steady light wind 6 from ceiling to floor to 7 us of any fine dust.
Inside the clean room，the rocks are kept in 8 ，pressurized containers.
Only five sample processors in the world get to routinely handle these 9 stones.They preserve and prepare the samples for studies.To pick up an Apollo rock，they must use special tools，following pretty strict 10 about touching samples.All the 11 is to protect the 382 kilograms of rocks lifted from the moon.
“One big 12 belief is that the Apollo samples aren't being studied any more and that they only tell us about the moon，” says Charis.“Neither of those is true.”
Keeping priceless samples away from curious 13 allowed scientists to make one of the most surprising lunar 14 of the last 50 years：The moon is wet.Those samples are still offering fresh details about how the 15 —and the entire solar system—formed and developed.
[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了阿波罗任务带回地球的月球岩石的保存和研究过程。
1.A.accumulates B.stores
C.tests D.analyzes
解析 B 根据下文“the original samples”可知，此处指储存月球岩石样品。故选B。
2.A.brought B.sent
C.donated D.introduced
解析 A 根据下文“to the earth decades ago”和背景常识可知，阿波罗宇航员将月球岩石带回地球。故选A。
3.A.thoughtful B.sensitive
C.eager D.firm
解析 D 根据句意及下文“No touching the moon rocks.”可知，这里表示作者的导游Charis用坚定的语气说。故选D。
4.A.leaving B.inspecting
C.entering D.observing
解析 C 根据下文“I remove all my jewelry.My guide and I cover our shoes with blue-paper booties and step into full-body jumpsuits.”可知，此处指进入洁净室之前的步骤。故选C。
5.A.reach for B.deal with
C.put on D.inquire about
解析 C 根据下文“gloves and a hair cover”可知，此处指穿上相应的防护装备。故选C。
6.A.blowing B.shooting
C.sweeping D.rising
解析 A 根据上文“under a steady light wind”可知，这里指风在吹。故选A。
7.A.warn B.assure
C.remind D.clear
解析 D 根据下文“any fine dust”可知，这套设备的目的是清除灰尘。故选D。
8.A.useful B.secure
C.empty D.new
解析 B 根据下文“pressurized containers”以及安全和保存要求可知，容器需要是安全的。故选B。
9.A.precious B.strange
C.clean D.previous
解析 A 根据下文“They preserve and prepare the samples for studies.”并结合这些阿波罗任务带回地球的月球岩石的稀有性可知，岩石被称为“珍贵的”。故选A。
10.A.schedules B.laws
C.rules D.orders
解析 C 根据上文“they must use special tools”并结合句意可知，操作要求需遵循特定规则。故选C。
11.A.effort B.sacrifice
C.arrangement D.reform
解析 A 上文“They preserve and prepare the samples for studies.To pick up an Apollo rock，they must use special tools，following pretty strict ______ about touching samples.”描述了保护岩石的辛勤工作，因此是“努力”。故选A。
12.A.uncommon B.contradictory
C.impractical D.mistaken
解析 D 根据下文“‘...the Apollo samples aren't being studied any more and that they only tell us about the moon，’says Charis.‘Neither of those is true.’”可知，这种想法是错误的。故选D。
13.A.minds B.looks
C.fingers D.questions
解析 C 根据上文“Keeping priceless samples away from”推断，此处指避免好奇的人触碰样品。故选C。
14.A.attempts B.fortunes
C.reservations D.discoveries
解析 D 根据下文“The moon is wet”可知，这句话是该样品帮助实现的新发现。故选D。
15.A.sun B.moon
C.earth D.universe
解析 B 根据上文的“The moon is wet”和下文“the entire solar system”以及全文都在描述月球岩石的保存和研究过程可知，此处应指“月球”。故选B。