课件43张PPT。Period One Warming up & readingWarming UpQuestions:How many languages do you speak? Which is your native language?
If we speak more than one language, in which situations do we use the language?in an international talk/meetingIn what situations is English used?in schoolson the air
(on TV, on the radio…)When we sing English songs.When we listen to English.Do you know the countries where people speak English? Countries speak English as their mother tongueBritain(UK)America (USA)CanadaAustraliaNew Zealand South AfricaWhat are the two main groups of English?B.E and A.EDo you know the difference between B.E and A.E?Presentation ?Find out topic sentences (主题句) of each paragraph.Part1. Today, more people speak English as their first , second or foreign language than ever before.Par t 2. Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English.
Part 3. All languages change when cultures communicate with one another.
Part 4. English is spoken as a foreign or second language in south Asia/ Africa and Asia.
Describes the extension/development of English in the world.
Native speakers can understand each other but not everything.
The development of English as native language.
Or: English has changed over time.
English is spoken as a foreign or second language in many countries.Para 1: Para 2Para 3Para 4Para1. Today, more people speak English as their first , second or foreign language than ever before.How about English in earlier time?
16th century 17th century today
more than ever beforeonly England other countriesPara2. Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English. They can not understand_______ .such as: flat in Britain ________ in AmericaeverythingapartmentHow has English changed over time?
AD450-1150
1150-1500
In the 1600’s
American Dictionary of the English Language British people went to Australia was based more on Germanmore like French Shakespeare made use of a wider vocabularyAmerican English Australian EnglishPara 3-4. All languages change when cultures communicate with one another.(rule)(identity)Read Para.5 and find out why India takes
English as second language.Indiawas ruled by BritainSouth African EnglishSingapore EnglishMalaysian EnglishHong Kong EnglishDo you know any other kinds of English
Formed for this reason?都表示“相互，彼此”，在句中作动词
或介词的宾语，但不能作主语。
表示两个人或事物之间的相互关系用each other
表示三个或三个以上的人或事物之间的相互关系时， 用each other或one another都可以。
Tom and Mary looked at each other.
The students send cards to one another/each other every year.
学生们每年都相互寄卡片。Language Points
1. one another/each other区别2. because of+名词 / 代词 / v.-ing/ what 引导的名词性从句
because是连词, 引导原因状语从句
He came to work late because he got up late.
He came to work late because of getting up late.
He got very angry because of what you said.
3. Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English.
把英语作为母语的人相互之间可以交流, 即使他们说的不是同一种英语。
even if= (even though) 是连词词组， 用来引导让步状语从句，意为 “尽管；即使” even if /even though
even if 从句所说的一般不那么肯定；而even though从句所说的则是事实
He will not let out the secret even if he knows it.
He will not let out the secret even though he knows it.
*如果主句是将来时，那么even if从句用一般现在时。他对秘密知道与否不一定他知道这个秘密4. come up
① While we were talking, a man came up.
② The sky was dark blue when the moon came up.
③ The question finally came up for discussion.
④ The seeds I sowed last week haven’t come up yet.
⑤ I will let you know if anything comes up.
⑥ I came up for interview but didn’t get the job.
come about: 形成，产生 come across: 邂逅，偶然碰见
come out: 出版，开花 come to: 达到，苏醒，谈到
come from: 来自于，出身于 come through: 经过
come back: 回来 come in: 进来
…5. actually: adv = in fact/as a matter of fact
事实上，实际上
He looks stupid, but actually he is clever.
base sth. on/upon sth. 以…为基础
He based his hopes on the good news we had yesterday.
他把希望寄托在我们昨天得到的好消息上。
This movie is based on facts.
这部电影是以事实为根据的。 7. present:
Adj.:
① The present government has done a lot to protect animals.
② Were you present at the meeting?
be present at ? be absent from
n:
① at present= at the present time 目前，现在
② (gift) 礼物 Here is a present for you.8 . Shakespeare made use of a wider vocabulary than ever before.
莎士比亚使用了比以往任何时候更为广泛的词汇量。
make (good/full/no…) use of 使用
We could make good use of our resources.
Every minute should be made good use of. 9. such as :“例如，诸如…之类”，一般用来列举同类人或物中的几个例子，列出的事情是前面词的同位语，as后面没有逗号。
*He has been to many countries, such as America, Japan and Germany.
*He can speak three foreign languages, that is / namely Chinese, English and French.
for example “例如”：列举同类事物中的一个为例，在句中作插入语，可用于句首、句中、句末，需用逗号隔开。
① Many students have recited（背诵）the passage. For example, Tom is one of them.
② There are many kinds of pollution（污染）. Noise, for example, is a kind of pollution.
③ What would you do if you meet a wild animal, a lion, for example?10. Only time will tell. 惟有时间将能证明。
tell 此处用作不及物动词，意为“显示出”，还可作“发生影响；起作用；判断”等讲。
Good teaching will always tell.
It’s hard to tell whether he is right.
tell A from B: 区分，分别
Can you tell Tom from his twin brother?只能修饰可数名词的：
a large/ great/ good number of,
a good/ great many, dozens of, scores of, quite a few 只能修饰不可数名词的：
a great deal of, a large amount of,
quite a little, a large sum of 既可修饰可数也可修饰不可数名词的：
plenty of, a lot of, lots of,
a large quantity ofExercises
center
flat
color
lift
gray
honor
grey
centre
apartment
elevator
honour
colourMatch the words that have the same meaning.Activity 1: Choose the correct explanation for the words
1. actually A. for example
2. elevator B. a set of rooms for living in
3. native English speaker C. really; in fact
4. come up to a place D. a machine for moving
people or things up and down
5. such as E. People who has
spoken English since birth
6. apartment F. visit a place
7 usage. G. have a part in
8. play a role in H. the way that
words are used in a language CDEFABHGTask One: Read the passage and decide the following statements are true or false.America has the largest number of English speakers
French ruled England from 1150.
3. Native English speakers can’t understand each other because they don’t speak the same kind of English.
4. Noah Webster wrote the American Dictionary of the English Language.
5. From 1765 to 1947 English was the language for government and education in South Africa. FTFTFTaskTwo: choose the right answer1. English has/had the most speakers _____.
now
when the British ruled many parts if the world
in the time of Shakespeare
in the 12th century
2. Which of the following statements is true?
Languages always stay the same.
Languages change only after wars.
Languages no longer change.
Languages change when cultures change.
3. From AD 450 to 1150, English sounded more like_.
A. French B. Chinese C. German D. Russian
4. Shakespeare’s English was spoken around_.
1400’s B. 1150’s C. 450’s D. 1600’s
5. Which country has the fastest growing number of English speakers in the world?
Australia B. China C. India D. BritainIntensive reading Activity 1. fill in the chartGerman5—7million Australian FrenchvocabularyidentityRead carefully and answer the following questions
(1)What is the clue of the passage?
(2) Why does India have a large number of English speakers?
(3) When did people from England begin to move to other parts of the world?
timebecause Britain ruled India from 1765 to 1947.in the 17th centuryAt first, only people in________ spoke English. Later, people from England _______ to other parts, so English began to be spoken in _____ ________ ________ . Today, _______ people speak English as their_____, second or foreign language. Read the text again and fill in the blank.England movedmanymorefirstother countries_______ English speakers _____understand each other but ____ _________. All languages change when ________ communicate with one another. So there are British English, American English, Australian English and so on. They all have their own ________. English is also spoken as a foreign or second language in _______ _______ ________. Maybe one day Chinese English will become one of the world English.cannoteverythingculturesidentitymany other countriesNativeConclusion
task 3 : Group work Discussion
Choose one of the topics and discuss it with your partners.
As we all know, English is widely used in many fields, while Chinese is spoken by the largest speakers. Do you think Chinese will become an international language all over the world in the near future? Task-3: Discussion:Home work: 1) Try to retell the text
2) Finish the ex. on page 11.课件39张PPT。Period TwoLearning about LanguageWarming Up Test ourselves Please change the direct speechinto indirect speech1. He said, “I’m going to Beijing tomorrow.
He said he was going to Beijing the next day.
2. “What a lovely girl!” they said.
They said she was a lovely girl.
3. He asked, “Are you a teacher?”
He asked me if I was a teacher.
4. “This is the craziest thing I have heard of so far,” she thought.
She thought that was the craziest thing she had heard of so far.
5. Mr Wang said, “I was born in China in September, 1972.”
Mr. Wang said he was born in China in September, 1972.6. She said, “They had left when I arrived there.”
She said they had left when she arrived there.
7. She says, “Liu Fang is good at English.”
She says Liu Fang is good at English.
8. He said, “The plane takes off at 6:30 am.”
He said the plane takes off at 6:30 am.
9. He said, “Where there is a will, the is a way.”
He said where there is a will, there is a way.
10. “ How much do you think it will cost?” he said.
He asked me how much I thought it would cost.Open your books.Please open your books.Can you open your books please?Could / would you please open you books?commandrequest (polite)request (polite)request (polite)Request and commandChange the commands into
requests.Close the door!
Get me something to drink
Take the dog for a walk!
Speak louder!
Clean your room.
Watch out!
Keep silent!1. You want to close the door, but you cannot do it by yourself. How do you do it politely?
2. You are standing in the middle of a train carriage and you need to leave. How do you do politely?
3. A bear is about to approach a boy. What do you say to him to make sure that he won’t be hurt.
4. A boss wants the secretary to type a letter for him. What will he do?
5. Your father wants you to turn off the TV. What will he do? Give requests or commands according
to the following situations.
“Open the window,”the teacher said to the students .(command)The teacher told the students to open the
window. “Don’t open the window,” the teacher said to the
students.The teacher told the students not to open the window.Change a command into an Indirect Speech.told sb. (not) to do sth.“Open the window, please,” the teacher said to the students.(requests)The teacher asked the students to open the
window.“Don’t open the window ,please,” the teacher said to the students.The teacher asked the students not to open the window.Change a request into an Indirect Speech.ask(ed) sb. (not) to do sth.Presentation 1. 陈述句的间接引语—连接词用that, 在
口语中可省略。引述动词用said, told,等。
例如：
He said: “I’ve left my book in my room.”
→ He told me that he had left his book
in his room. 复习规律2.疑问句的间接引语。一般疑问句后连接
词用if或whether，而引述选择疑问句时
只能用whether，引述动词用asked，没
有间接引语的可以加一个间接宾语me,
him等。 例如：
She said to Tom, “Can you help me?”
→ She asked Tom if /whether he could
help her. 3. 特殊疑问句用原句中的疑问词作连接词，改为陈述语序。例如： → The teacher asked me how I had
repaired it. The teacher asked, “How did you repair it?”4.如何变时态：
直接引语 间接引语一般现在时
一般将来时
现在进行时
一般过去时
现在完成时
过去完成时一般过去时
过去将来时
过去进行时
过去完成时
过去完成时
过去完成时如：
1) She said. “I have lost a pen.”
→She said she had lost a pen.
2) She said. “We hope so.”
→She said they hoped so.
3) She said. “He will go to see his friend.”
→She said he would go to see his
friend.但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变化。(1)直接引语是客观真理。
“The earth moves around the sun and
the moon moves around the earth”, the
teacher told me.
→ The teacher told me the earth moves
around the sun and the moon moves
around the earth .(2) 直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时, 时态不变。
Xiao Wang said. “I was born on April 21, 1980.”
→Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980.(3)直接引语中被引述的部分是反复出现的,习惯性的动作或说话时情况仍然存在的,变间接引语时, 时态保持不变。 The boy said to us, “ I usually get
up at six every day.”→ The boy told us he usually gets up at six every day. (4) 若直接引语中含有when, since, while等引导的表示过去的时间状语从句，变间接引语时，从句时态不变。如：
She said, “I went there when I was six years old.”
→ She said she had gone there when she was six years old. (5) 若直接引语的谓语中含有would, should, might, must, used to, ought to, had better等动词时。如：
She said, “We should help each other.”
→ She said we should help each other. 5. 如何变状语：
直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规律，时间状语由“现在”改为“原来”例: now变为then, yesterday变为 the day before, today变为that day。
地点状语, 尤其表示方向性的, 或用指示代词修饰的状语, 由“此”改为“彼”(例: this 改为that), 如：
He said, "These books are mine."
→He said those books were his.指示代词、时间状语、地点状语的变化: this→ that; these→ those ; now→ then; yesterday→ the day before; today→ that day; tomorrow→ the next day; next week (month, year)→ the next week (month, year); ago→ before; here→ there． 祈使句的间接引语——采用
“动词+宾语+不定式”结构。
told/asked/ordered?sb. (not) to do sth.祈使句的直接引语和间接引语如果祈使句是表示请求，间接引语的动词常用ask，如果是表示命令，间接引语的动词常用tell, order, command等。不定式
The officer ordered him not to leave his post.that 引导的宾语从句
I suggested to him that we (should) start at once.that/what/how引导的宾语从句
He said that he was very happy.
He said how happy he was.例如: 1.The teacher said to the students,
“Don’t waste your time.” → The mother asked Tom to get up early.2.The mother said, “Tom, get up
early, please.”→ The teacher told the students not
to waste their time. 例如：
He said, "Let’s go to the film."
→He suggested going to the film.
或He suggested that they should go to
see the film.直接引语如果是以“Let’s”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用
“suggest +动句词（或从句）。”Exercises Change the requests and the commands into Indirect Speeches“Shut up,”she said to him.He asked her to speak louder.She told her to try the lift.“Don’t wait for me,” he said to them.She told him to stop wasting the time.“Can you tell me a story?” the girl asked her father.She told him to shut up.“Speak louder, please,” he said to her.
“Can you speak louder?” he asked her.“Try the lift,” she said to her.He told them not to wait for him.“Stop wasting the time,” she said to him.The girl asked her father to tell her a story.“Follow his instructions,” she said to me.
She told me to follow his instructions.
“Please could you come to the reception desk?” she asked him.
She asked him to go to the reception desk.
She asked him if he could go to the reception desk.
He ordered/told the clerk to change his dirty uniform
“Change your dirty uniform!” he said to the clerk.“Can you lend me five yuan?” he asked me.
He asked me to lend him five yuan.
He asked me if I could lend him five yuan.
The English teacher said to us, “Don’t speak Chinese, speak English.”
The English teacher told us not to speak Chinese but to speak English.
She said to him, “ Don’t play a trick on me again.”
She told him not to play a trick on her again.Conclusion Fun TimeIt is said that there are two robots. One is called “slave robot”, who can only hear commands, the other is called “friend robot”, who can only respond to request. If you give correct requests or commands, they will do whatever you have them do.
Believe it or not! Let’s have a try!!!!! 1. Finish Page 50 in Workbook.
2. Make up a dialogue with your partner.
One use direct speech, the other use indirect speech. And act it out next class.Homework课件40张PPT。Period ThreeUsing LanguageWarming Up expression
midwestern
African
Spanish
eastern
n. 语言；表达；表示
adj. 中西部的
adj. 非洲的；非洲人的；
非洲语言的
adj./ n. 西班牙；西班牙语的
adj. 东方的；东部的Words previewsoutheastern
northwestern
recognize
dialect
adj. 东南方的；
来自东南的
adj. 西北方的；
来自西北的
vt. 辨认出；承认
n. 方言Words previewplay a part (in)
Believe it or not扮演一个角色；
参与
不管你信不信；信不信由你Expressions preview1. China is a very big country where
different dialects are spoken. Can
you list some of them?dialects family in China 北方方言吴语闽南语客家话湘语赣语粤语ChineseDo you have any funny jokes caused by different dialects?
Do you think there
are some dialects
in English?English dialects in different countriesBritainThe U.S.ACanadaAustraliaIndiaNew ZealandWhich one is the standard English?Presentation Detailed Reading Read the text for 3 minutes and answer the following question.1. How many dialects of American English have been listed in the text?Mid-western, southern, African American,
Spanish dialects2. Why do people from both Northwestern and Southeastern of U.S. speak with almost the same dialect?
Because when Americans moved from one place to anther, they took their dialects with them.3. According to the whole passage, which
doesn’t play a part in making dialects?
A. History
B. Tradition
C. Age
D. Geography1. What’s standard English?
什么是标准英语?
standard (n.) 标准, 规格 (adj.) 标准的
meet standard 符合标准
standard of living 生活水平
on a standard 根据某一标准
focusThe mountains are not high____
world standard.
A. by B. at C. to D. on2. Believe it or not, there’s no such a
thing as standard English.
信不信由你，世界上没有所谓的标准 英语。
1) believe it or not 信不信由你
Believe it or not, all the people present have agreed to the plan.2) 句型：There’s no such person/ thing as sb. / sth. 没有……这样的人/物等，用于表示某人或某物并不存在。
世上没有免费的午餐之类的好事。 There is no such thing as a free lunch.Such 用法点拨当such与a/an连用时,such要放在a/an前面。John is such a clever boy。
当such与all, no, one, some, any等词连用时,such应放在这些词的后面。One such dictionary is enough.
当名词前有few, little, much, many修饰时，只能用so 来修饰，不能用such.
3. expect
vt.(理所当然)期望，预料，认为，预期
usage: expect sb. to do sth.
expect +that-clause
expect sth.
expect to do sth.I expect so. 我想是这样。I expect not. I don’t expect so.我想不是这样。4. However, on TV and the radio you will hear differences in the way people speak.
然而，甚至在电视上或收音机里都会听到人们在说话时的差异。
the way后面接定语从句时, 关系代词用that/in which或不用关系代词。
I did it in the way that/in which/不填 you taught me.I don’t like___ you speak to her.
A. the way
B. the way in that
C. the way which
D. the way of which5. American English has many dialects, especially the midwestern, southern, African American and Spanish dialects.
美国英语有很多方言，尤其是在中西部， 南部，黑人和西班牙方言。
especially 尤其, 表达事物不寻常或特别重要
specially 专门(指专为某一目的) Our garden is beautiful, especially in autumn.
I came here specially to see you. 6. Geography also plays a part in making
dialects.
地理位置对方言的产生也有影响。
play a/an + adj.+ part
扮演……角色，起……作用
She play a leading part in the play.7. Although many Americans move a lot,
they still recognize and understand each other’s dialects.
虽然许多美国人经常搬家, 但他们
仍然能够辨认并理解彼此的方言。
recognize 辨认,认出(pick out)
recognize sth. / sb. as sth. / sb.
把……认作……
Drugs were not recognized as a problem then.
recognize sb. / sth. to be 承认某人……注意：recognize是一个终止性动词。是指原来很熟悉，经过一段时间的间隔或别的原因后又重新认出来。Exercises Read and recognize where they are from:
Amy: Excuse me, madam. Could you please tell me where the nearest subway is?
Lady: Er… the underground? Well, go round the corner on your left-hand side, straight on and cross two streets. It’ll be on your right-hand side.
Amy: Thanks so much!
Friends: What did she say, Amy?
Amy: She told us to go round the corner on the left and keep going straight for two blocks. The subway will be on our right. Amy comes from _______; the lady comes from_______.America England Try to write down the words from the dialogue.undergroundleft-hand sidego straight ontwo streetsright-hand sideAmy: Excuse me, madam. Could you please tell me where the nearest subway is?
Lady: Er…the underground? Well, go round the corner on your left-hand side, straight on and cross two streets. It’ll be on your right-hand side.
Amy: Thanks so much!
Friends: What did she say, Amy?
Amy: She told us to go round the corner on the left and keep going straight for two blocks. The subway will be on our right. What’s the dialogue about?If you can’t understand others, you can say: Pardon? / I beg your pardon?
I don’t understand. Could you say that again please? / Could you repeat that please?
Sorry, I can’t follow you. Could you speak more slowly please?
How do you spell that?Pair-work:Work in pairs, imagine you are from England, and your partner is from America, make a dialogue according to the situation2.
1. Make your dialogue with the help of the sample and the map.
2. While making dialogues, remember to make use of these useful expressions.with the help of the map, make your dialogue like this:
You: Excuse me, madam/sir. Could you tell me
where …? American lady/sir: You mean _____ station? Yes, of
course. … and then …
You: …? I can't follow you.
American lady/sir: First you …
You: Yes, …? I want to write this down.
American lady/sir: Then turn …, you’ll see it on
your…
You: oh, I see. I should go…, and… and it’ll be
on my… Thanks so much. Act-outMapConclusion Useful expressions:
1. believe it or not; play a part in; recognize
2. Pardon? / I beg your pardon?
I don’t understand. Could you say that again please? / Could you repeat that please?
Sorry, I can’t follow you. Could you speak more slowly please?
How do you spell that?
Reading skill:
Find the topic sentence. It’s always the first or the last sentence in a paragraph.SummaryMake the dialogue according to situation 1.
Work in groups to make a list of the words that have the same meaning in American English and British English. Asking the waySample
