高考英语二轮复习专题三完形填空第三讲警惕意外失分，“完美”复验下的完形课件

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第三讲　警惕意外失分，“完美”复验下的完形
通过前两讲的先“完意”、再“完空”，残缺的语篇已完整“复原”，但这并不代表“已抱得满分归”。解答完形填空，通读语篇、填后复验是不可或缺的关键一环。因为在逐个“完空”的解题过程中，常会因片段式的阅读，造成“只见树木，不见森林”断章取义的错误。只有通过通读复验，才能发现一些细节性、惯性思维式错误，才能确保完形完美收官。通过对考生的常错题目进行分析，发现失分原因主要集中在“语言技能薄弱”和“思维品质欠缺”两个方面。
失误点一　“熟词生义”想不到
高考对“熟词生义”的考查主要放在考生十分熟悉的课标内词汇上。考生可能对某些词汇的常见词义较为熟悉，而想不到这些词汇不常用的词义即生义。命题人有时会对这些词义进行考查，“熟词生义”的意外失分屡见不鲜。
[典例1]　(2025·北京卷)Little did I realize that single moment would ruin everything.
The following day, called to the headmaster's office, I found myself accused of stealing the missing parts. “I didn't do it, sir，” I argued, but suspicion __5__ his eyes. His repeated 6.questioning intensified, pushing me to the edge of fear and tears. In a desperate attempt to escape the mounting pressure, I 7.falsely confessed (承认).
5.A．caught B．clouded C.hurt D．brightened
[解题思路]　cloud熟义：n.云 vt.使模糊； (负面情绪)笼罩、使充满疑虑，但许多考生对其生义不熟悉，易误选其他选项。 “suspicion clouded his eyes” 形象表达 “他的眼神中充满怀疑”，符合校长对 “我” 的不信任状态，与后文 “repeated questioning(反复质问)”形成逻辑呼应。
[自主解答]　　　　　.
B
[典例2]　(2025·浙江卷1月)“It's a great opportunity to share my passion for food and to 47.meet new people，” said Ribeiro. Sometimes she prepares traditional Brazilian dishes 48.in_honor_of_her native home; other times she __49__ dinner courses with her favorite beers.
49.A．replaces B．tastes C.orders D．pairs
[解题思路]　本题的关键在于对 pair 一词 “熟词生义” 的理解。句意：有时她会按照她的家乡巴西的风格准备传统的巴西菜肴；有时她会把晚餐菜肴和她最喜欢的啤酒搭配起来。用 “pair...with...” 表示 “将菜肴与啤酒搭配”，符合饮食场景中 “食物与饮品搭配” 的逻辑。
[自主解答] 　　　　.
D
失误点二　“一词多义”有混淆
高考对“一词多义”的考查主要侧重于具有三个或三个以上词义的词汇。考生可能熟悉这些词的多个词义，但在语篇的具体语境中常常混淆这些词义。所以，要确定该词的确切词义，就必须具体分析语境，弄清楚该词在语境中的意义。
[典例]　(2025·浙江卷1月)“But it's also a great 53.challenge,_for it can sometimes take days to 54.organise a single event，” Ribeiro said. “This platform is not only __55__ for professional cooks, but also for those willing to discover new experiences.”
55.A．selected B．reserved C.evaluated D．requested
[解题思路]　根据下文“for professional cooks, but also for those willing to discover new experiences”可知，这个平台不仅为专业厨师保留，而且也为那些愿意发现新体验的人保留。考生通常熟悉reserve的常见含义是 “预订(房间、座位等)”，但不熟悉其 “保留、预留(给特定人群或用途)” 的含义，be reserved for...表示 “为……而保留”。
[自主解案] 　　　　.
B
失误点三　“难词僻义”没记牢
高考中的“难词僻义”多见于动词、名词、形容词或副词。这些较难词汇大都是课标内的易被忽视的单词。它们的拼写和词义较为复杂难记，在语篇中的考查数量相对较少。一旦涉及，考生往往望而生畏。
[典例]　(2025·全国一卷)I sit in my apartment today, loving each of the 53.belongings that share our small space. I take 54.joy in knowing that, somewhere nearby, someone is __55__ something that couldn't come with us.
55.A．anticipating B．appreciating
C． delivering D．withdrawing
[解题思路]　前文 “loving(珍视)” 与后文 “appreciating(欣赏、珍视)” 构成情感平行，体现 “我” 的行为是将不用的物品分享给他人，而他人对这些物品的态度应是 “珍视、欣赏”，符合全文 “物尽其用” 的温暖基调。考生若不熟悉生僻词“anticipate vt.预期，预料； withdraw v．提，取(银行账户中的钱款)；停止，退出，(军队)撤离”就会产生误选。
[自主解答] 　　　　.
B
失误点四　“构词规则”没学好
高考完形填空出现越来越多由课标词派生而来的新词，此类词并非生词，而是对课标词汇的延伸，需要考生掌握一定的构词法知识，学会通过构词法巧推词义。考查角度一般为派生词的常见词缀(un-，in-，im-，dis-，re-，-ly，-less，-ness，-ful等)的意义、词类转化(动词用作名词，名词用作动词或形容词)和合成词等构词法知识。
[典例]　(2022·浙江卷1月)The research team 44.included Canadian doctor Allan Slomovic, who has done __45__ work on eye care using stem cells. Seeing a ray of hope, Ms. Burdeyney began raising 46.money for the project with a friend, Toronto businessman Meyer Zeifman.
45.A．part-time B．controversial C.voluntary D．ground-breaking
[解题思路]　根据空处所在句的下文信息“Seeing a ray of hope, Ms. Burdeyney began raising 46.money for the project”可知，这个研究团队利用干细胞开展的眼部保健工作取得了很好的成效。再结合选项、利用构词法知识可猜测出，合成词ground-breaking的意思是“开创性的”，即“ground(土地)＋breaking(打破)＝开创性的”。
[自主解答] 　　　　.
D
失误点一　情节理解偏差
高考完形填空的文体多是记叙文。从语篇层次上来看，如果对故事的情节把握不准就会造成事件或情感上的逻辑混乱，从而导致这类题目失分。因此，必须准确地把握故事的情节线索，理清逻辑关系。
[典例]　(2025·北京卷)At 15, I excelled academically yet felt overshadowed and unnoticed. The __1__ to stand out consumed me, pushing me towards a regrettable decision.
...
With my father's support, I learned a valuable lesson：__10__ cannot be forced; true recognition comes from honourable acts.
1.A．promise B．competition C.desire D．hesitation
10．A．tolerance B．gratitude C.sympathy D．attention
[解题思路]　文章围绕 “15岁时因渴望关注做出错事，经父亲信任领悟道理” 展开，考生若对关键情节逻辑、动机或情感转折理解偏差易失误。开篇 “felt overshadowed and unnoticed. The __1__ to stand out consumed me” 明确主角因 “被忽视” 产生 “想脱颖而出” 的强烈动机；结尾 “true recognition comes from honourable acts” 呼应 “渴望被关注” 这一核心。
[失误点]　第1题考生误将 “desire(渴望)”
理解为 “competition(竞争)”，忽略 “被忽视、想被注意” 的情感驱动。第10题考生误将 “attention(关注)” 理解为 “sympathy(同情)” 或 “gratitude(感激)”，未察觉全文围绕 “对关注的渴望及正确获取方式” 展开，结尾与开篇动机呼应。
[自主解答]　　　　　　　　.
C　D
失误点二　语篇意识不强
一些考生在解答完形填空题时，只顾匆忙选词，很少甚至不去从整体上思考文章的故事发展脉络、相关话题的词汇、故事的小语义场和故事所反映的价值观等。这样容易导致在考查语篇意识的题目上失分。
[典例]　(2025·全国二卷)“Hold on. Consider failure as a 50.stepping_stone_ to success and never give up. Stick to your plan，” she said. “51.Help others. Lift others up on your journey. Success is sweeter when __52__.” She previously explained that “you do not need to have an amazing body to exercise...the 53.goal is to feel good, not look good.”
52.A．accepted B．shared C.expected D．celebrated
[解题思路]　前文 “Lift others up on your journey.” 强调成长中互助支持，第52题 “Success is sweeter when ______．” 需与之呼应——成功 “被分享” 才更有意义，契合 “互助、共享” 导向。考生若缺乏语篇意识，仅看单句易误选 “celebrated”，忽略前文 “Lift others up” 铺垫的 “与他人共享” 关联，导致理解脱离语篇逻辑。
[自主解答]　　　　　.
B
失误点三　语义场思维缺乏
语义场思维在解答完形填空题时非常重要。有时，完形填空语篇中的某个部分是一个较为完整且独立的故事小场景，也可称之为语义场。在该语义场中，人物的动作、情感和事件的发展联系得十分紧密。如果不能把这些要素通过语义场思维串联起来思考，就不能快速准确地解答题目。
[典例]　(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷) The couple has a high 51.success rate in getting accepted as house sitters and they always go beyond the homeowner's 52.expectations．For Jessica，that means __53__ plenty of pictures of happy pets，keeping the house __54__ and leaving a nice small gift before heading to the next house. “You want to make the homeowner feel that they made the right 55.decision，” she says.
53.A．admiring B．donating C.sending D．borrowing
54．A．clean B．open C.simple D．empty
[解题思路]　第53－54题所在段落是一个语义场，举例说明他们具体做的工作，如发送大量快乐宠物的照片，保持房子的清洁，在去下一个房东家之前留下一份漂亮的小礼物等。由于这些服务，他们被接受为看房人的成功率很高。因此第53－54题答案分别为sending; clean。
[自主解答]　　　　　.
C　A
失误点四　价值观方向跑偏
深刻理解文章主题，把握文章的价值取向，是准确解答语篇层次题的前提。考生需要具备透过现象把握本质的能力。文章体现的价值观一旦定位不准、理解不透，解题方向就会跑偏。
[典例]　(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷)Like many young people，Jessica wants to travel the globe. Unlike most of them，this 25-year-old is doing it 41.full-time．She and her husband have spent the last two years traveling the world，stopping everywhere from Paris to Singapore. It might sound like one long，expensive 42.vacation，but the couple has an unusual way to make their travel 43.affordable．
They're part of a new form of the 44.sharing economy: an online group of house sitters. Throughout their no-cost stays in __45__ homes，they feed pets and water plants in the homeowner's 46.absence．
45.A．strangers' B．parents' C.co-workers' D．neighbors'
[解题思路]　文章的话题是杰西卡和丈夫在用一种新的方式进行旅行。故事反映的价值观是网络时代下人们对“共享”的新角度理解，以及人与人之间的信任与和谐相处。第二段介绍了在线看房人的职责，他们免费住在陌生人家里的整个过程中，他们会在主人不在家的时候喂宠物和给植物浇水。
[自主解答]　　　　　.
A
练重点练难点 创新应用体验
(2025·武汉五月模拟)I once thought I would become fluent in French within three months. Yet after moving to Paris, I kept coasting, making minimal effort to __1__. I essentially spoke English with my partner at home and __2__ largely with other English-speaking migrants (移民).
Then, one night, I __3__ a volunteer-run bar by accident which aimed to bring the community from all walks of life together. Inspired, I volunteered to work some shifts there.
The first nights were __4__. There were so many __5__ I hadn't yet encountered: mouchoir (tissue), torchon (tea towel)... When such items were __6__， I'd run into the kitchen to “__7__” if we had them, putting the strange words into online dictionaries before rushing back out with my __8__. One night, a customer asked for a paille (straw). When I looked back __9__， he began to signal what he was after, a(n) __10__ making both of us laugh out loud.
Slowly, my __11__ skills improved, and eventually I stopped __12__ customers in the kitchen. I even organized a live show in the bar on a Wednesday night, walking home nursing a warm sense of __13__.
It's been a long time since I've put in a __14__ at the bar. Now I'm navigating (应对) French workplaces and community gardens. Neither of them would have been __15__ without those nights spent behind the bar.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者搬到巴黎后本想三个月内流利掌握法语，却没怎么做出努力去融入当地语言环境。偶然遇到一个志愿者经营的酒吧并在那做志愿者后，通过与顾客交流，作者的法语水平逐步提高。
1．A．organize B．explain C．integrate D．experience
2．A．socialized B．argued C．competed D．experimented
3．A．set up B．searched for C．came across D．cleaned up
4．A．comfortable B．horrible C．boring D．fulfilling
5．A．opinions B．opportunities C．idioms D．expressions
6．A．prepared B．purchased C．requested D．presented
7．A．wonder B．check C．decide D．recognize
8．A．response B．anticipation C．pressure D．vision
9．A．frequently B．blankly C．angrily D．carelessly
10．A．interruption B．interaction C．mission D．comment
11．A．management B．service C．leadership D．language
12．A．hiding from B．attending to
C．engaging with D．appealing to
13．A．discipline B．satisfaction C．freedom D．justice
14．A．shift B．suggestion C．complaint D．order
15．A．normal B．significant C．necessary D．possible
1．C　根据上文“I kept coasting”以及下文“I essentially spoke English with my partner at home”可知，作者本想学好法语，但实际交流多用英语，说明没努力融入法语环境。故选C。
2．A　根据下文“with other English-speaking migrants（移民）”可知，作者和其他说英语的移民交流互动，属于社交。故选A。
3．C　根据下文“by accident” 可知，是偶然遇到。故选C。
4．B　根据下文“I hadn't yet encountered: mouchoir(tissue), torchon(tea towel)...”可知，作者遇到很多不懂的词汇，可知最初情况不好。故选B。
5．D　句意：有太多我从未遇到过的表达：mouchoir（纸巾），torchon（茶巾）……，mouchoir 和 torchon 是一些词汇表达。故选D。
6．C　句意：当这些物品被顾客要求提供时，我会跑到厨房去 “查看” 我们是否有这些东西。结合酒吧的场景可知，顾客在酒吧提出要这些物品。故选C。
7．B　根据上文“I'd run into the kitchen”可知，去厨房是“查看”有没有顾客要的东西。故选B。
8．A　根据上文“if we had them, putting the strange words into online dictionaries before rushing back out”可知，作者查完词典后回去回应顾客。故选A。
9．B　根据上文“for a paille (straw)”可知，作者不懂这个词，所以茫然回头。故选B。
10．B　根据上文“When I looked back 　9　， he began to signal what he was after”可知，顾客比划，作者回应，这是一种互动。故选B。
11．D　根据前文提到作者因为不懂词汇遇到困难，在根据下文“stopped 　12　 customers in the kitchen”可知，这里是语言技能提高。故选D。
12．A　根据上文“Slowly, my 　11　 skills improved”可知，之前因为语言问题会躲进厨房，现在语言能力提高就不用躲了。故选A。
13．B　根据上文“I even organized a live show in the bar on a Wednesday night, walking home nursing a warm”可知，组织表演后感到满足。故选B。
14．A　根据上文“I volunteered to work some shifts there”可知，上文提到作者在酒吧做志愿者值班，这里指很久没值班了。故选A。
15．D　根据下文“without those nights spent behind the bar”可知，如果没有在酒吧度过的那些夜晚，这两件事（应对法语工作场所和社区花园）都不可能实现。故选D。