(共69张PPT)
高频考点词类1 动词
动词提示类设空是历年高考的必考点,也是难点之一。因此备考时对动词提示类的训练仍是重中之重。
【动词提示类宏观思维3大方向】
谓语是高考语法填空的一个重要考点,谓语形式的变化主要涉及动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此类题目的考查侧重于一般现在时、一般过去时、现在完成时的时态、语态和主谓一致;偶有考查过去完成时及含有情态动词的被动语态。
典例印证
(2025·全国二卷)And in the process, I've experienced things that really surprise me at times. The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes 61.________ (be) one of them.
[解析] 第一步:确定谓语动词
该句是简单句,主语为The “sunshine scent (香味)”,此处缺少谓语动词。
第二步:确定谓语动词的形式
1.根据上句谓语动词have experienced、surprise暗含语境可知,本句描述的是现在的情况,故用一般现在时。
2.主语 The “sunshine scent”是单数,谓语动词应该填第三人称单数。
[答案] is .
解题攻略
考向1 如何确定谓语动词时态
考生要结合句意、时间标志词或上下文时态的提示, 找准语境中动作发生的时间信息; 结合时态的基本用法和时间信息确定用何种时态。
典例印证
(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) Further,the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 60.________ (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road,by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for 61.the first time. These plants included modern Western 62.favourites such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. The garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road. The path offers over 300 plant species for visitors to see, too.
[解析] 第一步:先判定是否作谓语
本句主题句为Further,the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 60.________ (walk) visitors through a journey,空处在句中作谓语。
第二步:再判定谓语的具体形式
本句描述了the Silk Route Garden的客观情况,时态用一般现在时;此处时态也可以根据下文中的“contains...guides...offers”判断;walk与主语the Silk Route Garden之间为主动关系;主语表示第三人称单数。
[答案] walks .
解题攻略
通过 “时间标志词+语境暗示+并列连词+固定句式” 4个技巧,可系统攻克时态难点,结合典题强化应用,逐步形成时态敏感度。
技巧1 利用时间标志解题
典题试做
1.(2025·全国一卷)A decent winner always ________(try) to beat the opponent by no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side.
2.(2025·北京卷)However, according to a report by the World Wildlife Fund, tourists ________ (leave) over 1.3 billion tons of food waste last year, which accounted for about 8% of the total global gas release in 2024.
tries
left
3.(2025·湖北“新八校”协作体模拟)However, putting systems and steps in place around item management ________ (make) everyday life easier for those hoarders (囤积者) in the future, lessening such tendencies.
4.(2025·北京卷)By the time you brushed your teeth, you ________ (make) several decisions even without noticing.
will make
had made
快捷思维
1.看到often,usually,always,every time,sometimes等时间状语,要想到用一般现在时。
2.看到yesterday, last year, in+过去某一年份, two days ago, 一段时间+later等,要想到用一般过去时。
3.看到tomorrow, next year,in a week,in the future,soon等时间状语,要想到用一般将来时。
4.看到at this moment,at present,now等时间状语或动词look,listen等,要想到用现在进行时。
5.看到since,recently,lately,already,in the last/past few years,so far/up to now,for+时间段等时间状语,要想到用现在完成时。
6.看到by then,by the end of等时间状语,要想到用过去完成时或将来完成时,要根据具体表示的是过去还是将来时间来定。
1.tries 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据always可知,本句描述一般事实,时态用一般现在时,主语a decent winner为第三人称单数。故填tries。
2.left 考查时态。根据“last year”可知,描述过去发生的事情,用一般过去时。故填left。
3.will make 考查时态。这里考查谓语动词,主语putting systems and steps in place around item management与make为主动关系,根据in the future可知,句子描述的是将来的事情,应用一般将来时。故填will make。
4.had made 考查时态。根据时间状语“By the time you brushed your teeth”可知,此处表示在过去某一时间点之前已经完成的动作,时态应用过去完成时。故填had made。
技巧2 借助语境暗示解题
典题试做
5.(2025·深圳4月二模)The museum ________ (house) an extensive collection of cultural relics, from ancient clothing to contemporary art, displaying thousands of years of Chinese civilization.
快捷思维
分析句子结构,发现提示词作谓语,在时间状语和其他参照物都不明显的情况下,可以通过正确理解语境,即通过题干中的“语境暗示”解题。
houses
5.houses 考查时态和主谓一致。此处描述客观事实,谓语动词用一般现在时,主语The museum为单数,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填houses。
技巧3 瞻前顾后找并列解题
典题试做
6.(2025·八省联考)The UN Chinese Language Day not only provides a unique platform for_the world to better understand China, but also ______ (promote) language and cultural exchanges in the world.
快捷思维
1.可根据并列连词and,but,or,rather than,neither...nor...,not only...but also...等前后的谓语动词形式确定所填谓语动词的时态。
2.同一个主语的两个或两个以上的并列谓语,谓语动词时态要一致。
promotes
6.promotes 考查动词的时态,语态和主谓一致。主语为The UN Chinese Language Day,promote与provides并列作谓语,应用一般现在时,本空用promote“促进”的第三人称单数。故填promotes。
技巧4 巧用固定句式解题
典题试做
7.(2025·安徽部分学校4月联考)All in all, ________ you are interested in martial arts or want an all-round approach to well-being, Maze Fist ensures you a rewarding experience.
8.Without complex decoration(s), it combines buildings with scenery so well __________ the whole garden appears to be naturally endowed (赋予).
whether
that
7.whether 考查状语从句。根据句意可知此处是whether... or...引导的让步状语从句,表示“不管……还是……”。故填whether。
8.that 考查状语从句。so...that是固定句型,表示“如此……以至于……”。故填that。
快捷思维
固定句式法确定状语从句引导词:
1.so/such... that... 如此……以至于……
2.not... until... 直到……才……
3.It will/won't be+一段时间+before...
过了多长时间才/没过多长时间就……
4.It is some time (一段时间)+since...
自从……以来已经多长时间了
5.whether...or (not)... 无论……还是……
考向2 如何确定谓语动词语态
高考英语对语态的考查核心聚焦于主动语态与被动语态的辨析及正确运用,尤其侧重被动语态在不同语境、时态中的灵活使用,是语法填空的高频考点。而且,对语态的考查并非孤立出题,而是结合时态、主谓一致、固定搭配等语法点综合考查。
典例印证
(2025·全国一卷) “The players' personalities 60.________ (reveal) during the game, and one's weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds.
[解析] 第一步:找出句子的主语
The players' personalities,谓语动词是设空动词reveal。
第二步:判断主语和谓语之间的逻辑关系
本句描述一般事实,时态用一般现在时,且主语The players' personalities与动词reveal之间为被动关系,所以空处需用一般现在时态的被动语态。
[答案] are revealed .
解题攻略
考向3 如何确定谓语动词的单复数
高考英语对主谓一致的考查主要围绕语法一致、就近一致和意义一致原则,常将其与动词的时态、语态等结合起来进行考查,是语法填空的高频考点。
典例印证
(2025·浙江卷1月)The concept 62.________ (be) certainly not new—men have been renting good suits for decades—but for female shoppers, it is just taking off.
[解析] 第一步:主语The concept是单数名词,谓语动词用单数形式。
第二步:确定谓语动词的单复数形式:系动词be作谓语,句子陈述的是客观事实,用一般现在时,主语The concept是单数名词,谓语动词用单数形式。
[答案] is .
解题攻略
掌握以下主谓一致的核心解题3原则,帮助你准确判断谓语动词的单复数形式。
【主谓一致解题三原则】
原则 典题试做 快捷思维
语法
一致 1.(2025·北京卷)Some choices are quick, while others take more thought. Usually, better outcomes _____________ (achieve) through a thorough understanding of strategies like risk tolerance. 主语是一个单数名词、一个不可数名词、一个非谓语动词或从句时,谓语动词用单数形式;主语是复数名词、两个及以上非谓语动词或从句时,谓语动词多用复数形式
are achieved
1.are achieved 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“Usually”可知,此处表示经常性、习惯性的动作,时态应用一般现在时;主语better outcomes和动词achieve“实现”之间是被动关系,应用一般现在时的被动语态;主语better outcomes是复数,be动词应用are。故填are achieved。
就近
一致 2.(2025·广东部分高中高三大联考)
Not only ________ (be) these dragons decorations, but they also carry the essence of Chinese. 由neither...nor..., either...or..., not only...but (also)..., not...but...等连接并列主语时,谓语动词的数要和位置最近的主语保持一致
are
2.are 考查主谓一致。本句Not only放在句首需要倒装,主语为空后的these dragons,且这里时态应与后面保持一致用一般现在时。故填are。
意义
一致 3.(2025·安徽蚌埠适应性考试)Using short wooden pieces to cover large distances ________ (require) exceptional skill, and multi-span designs like Wan'an Bridge demand even greater expertise, which showcases ancient wisdom.
4.(2021·新高考Ⅱ卷)Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic,I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to ________ (be) Alaska Airlines. 1.不定式、动名词或名词性从句作主语时, 谓语动词一般用单数。
2.“half/most/part/the rest/分数/百分数+of+名词”作主语时, 谓语动词的单复数根据名词的数来确定。
requires
was
3.requires 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句子“Using short wooden pieces to cover large distances”作主语,动名词短语作主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。陈述客观事实,此处用一般现在时。故填requires。
4.was 考查时态和主谓一致。根据前一句的谓语动词时态和定语从句的谓语动词wrote可知,此处描述发生在过去的事情,用一般过去时;“one of+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”结构中,谓语动词用单数。故填was。
【谓语动词题3大思维方向】
非谓语动词指的是在句子中不能作谓语的动词,它没有人称和数的变化,主要包括不定式、现在分词(动词-ing)和过去分词。非谓语动词具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,在句中可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语等。
典例印证
(2024·浙江卷1月)Over the last two years,some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs 63.________ (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份).
[解析] 第一步:提示词是动词,句中已有谓语动词have started,所以此处应考虑填非谓语动词。
第二步:分析句子结构可知,此处考查非谓语动词短语作后置定语:design和逻辑主语packs之间构成动宾关系,且动作已完成,所以应用过去分词形式。
[答案] designed
解题攻略
技法1 根据逻辑关系,速判分词作定语、状语
featuring
chosen
collecting
Adopting
Combined
Compared
1.featuring 考查非谓语动词。句中谓语是contain,空格处用非谓语动词,archways和feature之间是主谓关系,因此用现在分词作后置定语。故填featuring。
2.chosen 考查非谓语动词。此处作定语,修饰animals,animals与choose之间为被动关系。故填chosen。
3.collecting 考查非谓语动词。空处修饰expeditions,表示主动行为,应用现在分词collecting作定语。故填collecting。
4.Adopting 考查非谓语动词。本句谓语为tracks,此处为非谓语动词,逻辑主语this smart technology和adopt“采用”之间为主谓关系,应用现在分词作状语。故填Adopting。
5.Combined 考查非谓语动词。本句已有谓语动词piled,所以combine用非谓语形式, be combined with意为“结合”。故填Combined。
6.Compared 考查非谓语动词。“(compare) with other global competitors”作比较状语,compare(比较)是非谓语动词,与其逻辑主语China之间是被动关系,用过去分词表被动。故填Compared。
技法2 根据固定搭配,速判分词作宾语、宾补
returning
being checked
recording
to bite
to catch
lost
transported
wanting
1.returning 考查非谓语动词。根据句意,表示“意味着……”,用固定搭配mean doing sth.,意为“意味着做某事”,用动名词作宾语。故填returning。
2.being checked 考查非谓语动词。空处为非谓语动词形式担当介词“after”后的宾语,用动名词形式;根据句意可知,空处表示被动关系。故填being checked。
3.recording 考查非谓语动词。本句已有谓语动词have spent,设空处应用动词的非谓语形式。spend time (in) doing sth.为固定句型,意为“花费时间做某事”。故填recording。
4.to bite 考查非谓语动词。本句已有谓语动词have to decide,设空处与whether连用构成“wh-+to do”结构,作decide的宾语。故填to bite。
5.to catch 考查非谓语动词。固定搭配tend to do sth.表示“倾向于做某事,往往做某事”。故填to catch。
6.lost 考查非谓语动词。此处为“keep+宾语+宾补”结构,空处在句中作宾补。(be) lost in“沉浸于”为固定结构。故填lost。
7.transported 考查非谓语动词。myself与transport为被动关系,用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填transported。
8.wanting 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,本分句已有谓语动词am left,故此空应用非谓语动词,want与I之间为主动关系,故应用现在分词作主语补足语。leave sb. doing 意为“使某人处于……状态”。
技法3 如何掌握基本用法,专项攻克不定式
To preserve
to take
to break
to work
1.To preserve 考查非谓语动词。此处作目的状语,应用动词不定式。故填To preserve。
2.to take 考查非谓语动词。此处为形容词(fertile)+enough (for sb./sth.)to do 结构作结果状语,该空应填动词不定式形式。故填to take。
3.to break 考查非谓语动词。空处修饰the first non-Hollywood film,用不定式作后置定语。故填to break。
4.to work 考查非谓语动词。“allow sb. to do sth.”为固定搭配,意为“允许某人做某事”。故填to work。
技法4 如何根据分类对比,判断with复合结构
典题试做 快捷思维
1.(2025·山东临沂一模)Surrounding the Forbidden City is a 10-meter-high wall, with a moat (护城河) 52 meters wide ________ (serve) as an additional layer of defense.
2.(2025·湖南高三质量检测)To become a qualified professional baker in Germany, one must undergo occupational education and training, with learning skills both at school and on the job ________ (need). with复合结构
1.“with+宾语+to do”表示动作还未发生;
2.“with+宾语+doing”表示主动、动作正在进行;
3.“with+宾语+done”表示被动、动作已完成。
serving
needed
1.serving 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,此处为with复合结构“with+名词+doing sth.”,moat与serve之间是主动关系,故用现在分词形式。故填serving。
2.needed 考查非谓语动词。此处是“with+宾语+宾语补足语”,skills与need之间是被动关系,即“技能被需要”,应用过去分词,作宾语补足语。故填needed。
【非谓语动词题3大思维方向】
如果所给动词既不作谓语,也不作非谓语,要考虑是否为动词的词性转换。根据修饰语和所作句子成分,结合句意,迅速判定其形式。
典例印证
(2025·浙江卷1月)Tanya's shop offers fashion clothes for women 60.to_rent rather than purchase them outright, providing a less expensive 61.________ (solve) to one-time event dressing.
[解析] 第一步:确定动词词性转换
该句有谓语动词offers,有非谓语动词providing,故判断此处考查动词词性转换。
第二步:确定动词转换的形式
提示词作provide的宾语,用名词solution,意为“解决方案”,有冠词a修饰,用单数形式。
[答案] solution .
解题攻略
【动词词性转换题的2大思维方向】
练重点练难点 创新应用体验
(2025·济南高三模拟)London's food scene has witnessed an inrush not only of traditional Cantonese (广东的) restaurants but also a diverse range of regional Chinese cuisines. For decades, London's Chinatown has been closely associated with classic dishes 1.________ (root) in Guangdong province, while London's Chinese food has expanded far beyond that, reflecting a much 2.________ (broad) cultural shift.
rooted
broader
While Cantonese-centric offerings have laid the foundation of familiarity with Chinese culinary (烹饪的) culture, the increasing variety makes it 3.________ big challenge for restaurants to meet local British tastes. To adapt to the trend, they manage to introduce new dishes and enhance existing ones 4.______________ (continuous) for bettering the menu. Additionally, larger culinary schools commit to teaching authentic (地道的) Chinese cooking, 5.____________ (strengthen) greater appreciation and mastery of the cuisine.
a
continuously
strengthening
Hot pot, a typical Chinese dish, has taken centre stage in London, described as an “adventure” 6.________ locals could enjoy genuine Sichuan cuisine and unfamiliar cultural experiences. Meanwhile, hearty hand-pulled noodles of Xi'an are also making waves, driven by the growing 7.________ (present) of Chinese customers and Londoners' appetite for authentic regional flavors.
where
presence
Chen Xin, the chief organizer of the 2024 London Chinese Cuisine International Development Convention, 8.________ (emphasize) that London was becoming a true global centre of Chinese cuisine, staying true 9.________ one single mission—providing Chinese customers with a taste of home and showcasing the depth of Chinese culinary culture to international 10.________ (diner).
emphasized
to
diners
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了伦敦的中国餐饮文化发展,特别是从传统的广东菜扩展到更多样化的中国地方菜系,以及如何适应本地口味和推广中国烹饪文化。
1.rooted 考查非谓语动词。be rooted in“根植于”,为固定短语,classic dishes与root之间为被动关系,用过去分词作后置定语。故填rooted。
2.broader 考查形容词比较级。根据句意和much可知,形容词比较级broader“更广泛的”作定语,修饰名词短语cultural shift。故填broader。
3.a 考查冠词。泛指“一个巨大的挑战”用不定冠词。故填a。
4.continuously 考查副词。副词作状语修饰动词introduce以及enhance。故填continuously。
5.strengthening 考查非谓语动词。句子谓语动词是commit to,设空处用非谓语动词,表示自然而然的结果。故填strengthening。
6.where 考查定语从句。空格处引导定语从句,修饰先行词adventure,且在定语从句中作地点状语。故填where。
7.presence 考查名词。设空处需要名词作介词by的宾语。故填presence。
8.emphasized 考查时态。陈述过去的动作,用一般过去时。故填emphasized。
9.to 考查介词。固定短语stay true to表示“忠于”。故填to。
10.diners 考查名词的数。diner表示“食客”,表示多个“食客”,用复数名词作宾语。故填diners。