第2讲 七年级上册 Modules1--4【名师导航】外研版2026中考英语一轮复习教材梳理学案(原卷版+ 解析版)

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名称 第2讲 七年级上册 Modules1--4【名师导航】外研版2026中考英语一轮复习教材梳理学案(原卷版+ 解析版)
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/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
第2讲 七年级上册 Modules1--4
重 点 单 词 与 词 汇 拓 展 1. ________ (n.) 中国 → ________ (adj./n.) 中国的;中国人的;汉语;中国人 2. ________ (n.) 朋友 → ________ (adj.) 友好的 ★ ________ 和某人交朋友 3. ________ (n.) 父(母)亲 → ________ (pl.) 父母 4. ________ (n.) 照片 → ________ (pl.) 照片 ★ ________ 拍照 5. ________ (v./n.) 工作 → ________ (n.) 工人 ★ ________ 上班;去工作 6. ________ (n.) 健康 → ________ (adj.) 健康的 → ________ (adv.) 健康地 ★ ________ 保持健康 7. ________ (v.) 有;吃;喝 → ________ (三单) → ________ (过去式/过去分词) ★ ________ 感冒 ★ ________ 看一看 8. ________ (v./n.) 购物;商店 → ________ (n.) 购物者 ★ ________ 去购物 9. ________ (adj.) 重要的 → ________ (n.) 重要性 ★ ________ 做某事很重要 10. ________ (v.) 记住 → ________ (反义词) 忘记 ★ ________ 记得去做某事 ★ ________ 记得做过某事 11. ________ (adj.) 好的 → ________ (比较级) 更好的 → ________ (最高级) 最好的 → ________ (adv.) 好地 ★ ________ 擅长 ★ ________ 对……有益 12. ________ (v.) 遇见;结识 → ________ (过去式/过去分词) → ________ (n.) 会议 ★ ________ 开会 13. ________ (v.) 站立 → ________ (过去式/过去分词) ★ ________ 起立 ★ ________ 无法忍受做某事 14. ________ (v.) 听 → ________ (n.) 听众 ★ ________ 听…… 15. ________ (adj.) 新的 → ________ (反义词) 旧的 ★ ________ 16. ________ (num.) 一 → ________ (序数词) 第一 → ________ (adv.) 一次 ★ ________ 第二语言 17. ________ (num.) 二 → ________ (序数词) 第二 → ________ (adv.) 两次 18. ________ (num.) 三 → ________ (序数词) 第三 19. ________ (num.) 四 → ________ (序数词) 第四 20. ________ (num.) 五 → ________ (序数词) 第五 21. ________ (num.) 十二 → ________ (序数词) 第十二 22. ________ (num.) 二十 → ________ (序数词) 第二十 23. ________ (v.) 写 → ________ (过去式) → ________ (过去分词) → ________ (n.) 作家 ★ ________ 给某人写信 24. ________ (v.) 帮助 → ________ (adj.) 有帮助的 ★ ________ 对……有帮助 25. ________ (n.) 时间 → ________ (pl.) 次数 ★ ________ 及时 ★ ________ 按时 ★ ________ 一直 ★ ________ 同时 26. ________ (v.) 看见 → ________ (过去式) → ________ (过去分词) ★ ________ 看一看 27. ________ (v.) 坐 → ________ (过去式/过去分词) ★ ________ 坐下 28. ________ (v.) 打开 → ________ (反义词) 关闭 ★ ________ 29. ________ (n.) 手 ★ ________ 上交 ★ ________ 帮助某人 30. ________ (n.) 书桌 ★ ________ 在课桌旁 ★ ________ 讲台
重 点 短 语 1. ________________ 来自 2. ________________ 用英语 3. ________________ 怎么样? 4. ________________ 起立 5. ________________ 坐下 6. ________________ 多大;几岁 7. ________________ 在左边 8. ________________ 在右边 9. ________________ 紧挨着;在……旁边 10. ________________ 警察局 11. ________________ 多少(可数名词) 12. ________________ 大量;许多 13. ________________ 在……前面 14. ________________ 在……中间 15. ________________ 教学楼 16. ________________ 对……有益 17. ________________ 对……有害 18. ________________ 太多(不可数名词) 19. ________________ 太多(可数名词) 20. ________________ 去购物 21. ________________ 当然 22. ________________ 什么颜色 23. ________________ 写下 24. ________________ 举手 25. ________________ 擅长
重 点 句 型 1. —______ your name —My ______ Daming. 你叫什么名字?我叫大明。 2. I'm Chinese and I'm ______ China. 我是中国人,我来自中国。 3. —______ are you ______ —I'm from Beijing. 你来自哪里?我来自北京。 4. —______ ______ are you —I'm thirteen years old. 你多大了?我十三岁。 5. ______ ______ Class 4, Grade 7! 欢迎来到七年级四班! 6. It's nice ______ ______ you. 很高兴见到你。 7. This ______ my big ______. 这是我的大家庭。 8. —______ this your father —Yes, ______ is. 这是你爸爸吗?是的。 9. The woman ______ ______ me is my aunt. 在我旁边的女士是我姑姑。 10. My mother works ______ a police ______. 我妈妈在警察局工作。 11. ______ a big family! 好大的一个家庭啊! 12. ______ ______ thirty students in my ______. 我班里有三十名学生。 13. —______ ______ students are there in your class —There ______ forty. 你们班有多少学生?有四十名。 14. There is a map ______ the world ______ the wall. 墙上有一张世界地图。 15. —______ there any computers on the desk —No, there ______. 桌子上有电脑吗?没有。 16. The library is ______ the science ______. 图书馆在科学实验室后面。 17. —______ you got ______ chocolate —No, we haven't. 你们有巧克力吗?没有。 18. We've ______ lots of ______. 我们有许多苹果。 19. ______ much chocolate isn't good ______ you. 太多巧克力对你不好。 20. It's important ______ eat ______. 吃得好很重要。 21. Let's ______ shopping for food and ______. 咱们去买食物和饮料吧。
知识点
考点一 this / that / these / those
◆ 辨析
this:这,单数,指代近处的人或事物
that:那,单数,指代远处的人或事物
these:这些,复数,指代近处的人或事物
those:那些,复数,指代远处的人或事物
◆ 例句
This is my father. 这是我的爸爸。
That is a library. 那是一个图书馆。
These are my parents. 这些是我的父母。
Those are my classmates. 那些是我的同学。
◆ 精题巧练
1.(2024·广东广州中考)______ are my sisters and ______ is my brother.
A. This; that B. These; that C. That; those D. Those; these
2.(2023·浙江杭州中考)—What are ______ over there
—They are flowers.
A. this B. that C. these D. those
3.(2025·湖北武汉中考)This is a pen and ______ are pencils.
A. that B. these C. it D. they
考点二 be from / come from
◆ 辨析
be from 和 come from 都表示“来自……”
be from:含be动词,否定/疑问直接变be动词
come from:含实义动词,否定/疑问加助动词do/does
◆ 例句
I am from Beijing. 我来自北京。
They come from England. 他们来自英国。
◆ 精题巧练
1.(2024·四川成都中考)
—Where ______ your pen pal ______
—He is from Chongqing.
A. is; come B. does; from C. is; from D. do; from
2.(2023·山东临沂中考)
My best friend ______ America.
A. are from B. is from C. come from D. coming from
3.(2025·江苏苏州中考)
—Does your brother ______ China
—Yes, he does.
A. be from B. is from C. come from D. comes from
考点三 there be / have got
◆ 辨析
there be:表示“某地存在某物”,强调存在,就近原则
have/has got:表示“某人拥有”,强调所属
◆ 例句
There is a map on the wall. 墙上有一张地图。
I have got a new bike. 我有一辆新自行车。
◆ 精题巧练
1.(2024·湖南长沙中考)
______ a library in our school and we ______ many books.
A. There is; have got B. There are; have got C. There is; has got
2.(2025·江苏南京中考)
Lucy ______ a cat and there ______ two dogs in her family.
A. have got; is B. has got; are C. have got; are
3.(2023·广东广州中考)
______ some bread on the table.
A. There are B. There is C. I have
考点四 too much / too many / much too
◆ 辨析
too much + 不可数名词,太多
too many + 可数名词复数,太多
much too + 形容词/副词,太……
◆ 例句
There is too much water. 有太多水。
I have too many books. 我有太多书。
The box is much too heavy. 这个箱子太重了。
◆ 精题巧练
1.(2024·湖北武汉中考)
Eating ______ meat is bad for your health.
A. too many B. too much C. much too
2.(2023·广东深圳中考)
The movie is ______ boring. I don't like it.
A. too much B. too many C. much too
3.(2025·浙江杭州中考)
There are ______ people in the supermarket on weekends.
A. too much B. too many C. much too
考点五 how old / how many / how much
◆ 辨析
how old:提问年龄
how many:提问可数名词数量
how much:提问不可数名词数量/价格
◆ 例句
How old are you 你多大了?
How many students are there 有多少学生?
How much is the pen 这支钢笔多少钱?
◆ 精题巧练
1.(2024·浙江杭州中考)
—______ is your new schoolbag
—It's 150 yuan.
A. How old B. How many C. How much
2.(2025·四川成都中考)
—______ classrooms are there in your school
—About fifty.
A. How old B. How many C. How much
3.(2023·山东济南中考)
—______ is your little brother
—He is five years old.
A. How old B. How many C. How much
考点六 in front of / in the front of
◆ 辨析
in front of:在……外部的前面
in the front of:在……内部的前面
◆ 例句
There is a tree in front of the classroom. 教室前面有一棵树。
The teacher is in the front of the classroom. 老师在教室前部。
◆ 精题巧练
1.(2024·山东青岛中考)
Our teacher is standing ______ the classroom.
A. in front B. in front of C. in the front of
2.(2025·湖北武汉中考)
There is a small garden ______ the house.
A. in the front of B. in front of C. at the front
3.(2023·重庆中考)
The driver is sitting ______ the bus.
A. in front of B. in the front of C. front
语法点
语法点一 人称代词与形容词性物主代词
◆知识点
1. 人称代词主格:I, you, he, she, it, we, they,在句子中作主语,位于句首,发出动作,不能作宾语或表语。
2. 人称代词宾格:me, you, him, her, it, us, them,在句子中作宾语,放在实义动词或介词之后,承受动作。
3. 形容词性物主代词:my, your, his, her, its, our, their,具有形容词性质,后面必须接名词,不能单独使用,用来表示人或事物的所属关系。
◆精题巧练
1.(2024·山东济南中考)
This is ______ desk. It is very clean.
A. I B. me C. my D. mine
2.(2023·湖南长沙中考)
Miss Wang is a good teacher. We all like ______.
A. she B. her C. he D. him
3.(2025·江苏苏州中考)
______ am a student. ______ school is big.
A. I; My B. My; I C. I; I D. My; My
语法点二 be动词一般现在时(am / is / are)
◆知识点
1. 人称与单复数搭配:
I 搭配 am;you、we、they 及复数名词搭配 are;he、she、it 及单数名词/不可数名词搭配 is。
2. 句式结构:
肯定句:主语 + am/is/are + 表语(名词/形容词/介词短语)
否定句:主语 + am/is/are + not + 表语
一般疑问句:Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 表语?
简略回答:Yes, 主语+am/is/are. / No, 主语+am/is/are+not.
3. 用法:be动词属于系动词,用于表示身份、年龄、状态、位置等,无实际动作含义。
◆精题巧练
1.(2024·四川成都中考)
—______ you from America
—No, I'm from England.
A. Is B. Am C. Are D. Be
2.(2023·浙江杭州中考)
My mother ______ a doctor. She works in a hospital.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
3.(2025·广东广州中考)
These books ______ very interesting. I like them.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
语法点三 指示代词 this / that / these / those
◆知识点
1. 分类:分为单数和复数,近指和远指。
单数近指:this(这);单数远指:that(那)
复数近指:these(这些);复数远指:those(那些)
2. 主谓一致规则:
this/that 后接单数名词,be动词用is;
these/those 后接复数名词,be动词用are。
3. 答语规则:
问句中用this/that提问,答语用it代替;
问句中用these/those提问,答语用they代替。
◆精题巧练
1.(2024·湖北武汉中考)
______ is my uncle and ______ are my cousins.
A. This; these B. These; this C. That; this D. Those; that
2.(2023·山东临沂中考)
—What's ______ over there
—It's a new bike.
A. this B. that C. these D. those
3.(2025·深圳中考)
______ are my friends, Lucy and Lily.
A. This B. That C. These D. It
语法点四 there be 句型一般现在时
◆知识点
1. 含义:表示某地存在某人或某物,强调客观存在的状态,不强调所属关系。
2. 就近原则:be动词的单复数形式由离be动词最近的名词决定,与后面的名词无关。
3. 基本结构:
There is + 单数可数名词/不可数名词 + 地点状语
There are + 复数可数名词 + 地点状语
4. 句式变化:
否定句:There is/are + not + 名词 + 地点
一般疑问句:Is/Are + there + 名词 + 地点?
简略回答:Yes, there is/are. / No, there isn't/aren't.
◆精题巧练
1.(2024·湖南长沙中考)
There ______ a pen and two books onthe desk.
A. is B. are C. am D. be
2.(2023·重庆中考)
—______ there any water in the bottle
—Yes, there is.
A. Is B. Are C. Am D. Be
3.(2025·南京中考)
There ______ some flowers in the garden.
A. is B. are C. am D. be
语法点五 have / has got 句型
◆知识点
1. 含义:表示人或动物拥有某物,强调所属关系,主语通常是人或有生命的事物。
2. 人称搭配:
主语为I, you, we, they 时,用 have got;
主语为he, she, it 及单数名词时,用 has got。
3. 缩写形式:have got = ’ve got;has got = ’s got。
4. 句式变化:
否定句:主语 + have/has + not + got + 名词
一般疑问句:Have/Has + 主语 + got + 名词?
简略回答:Yes, 主语+have/has. / No, 主语+haven't/hasn't.
◆精题巧练
1.(2024·青岛中考)
I ______ got a new basketball.
A. have B. has C. am D. is
2.(2023·广州中考)
My sister ______ got a nice cat.
A. have B. has C. are D. is
3.(2025·杭州中考)
—______ you got any pencils
—Yes, I have.
A. Do B. Does C. Have D. Has
语法点六 方位介词
◆知识点
1. 基础方位介词及用法:
in:表示在某一空间的内部,如in the classroom(在教室里)
on:表示在某一物体的表面,两者相互接触,如on the desk(在桌子上)
under:表示在某一物体的正下方,如under the bed(在床底下)
2. 常考固定方位短语:
next to:紧邻,在……旁边
behind:在……后面
in front of:在物体外部的前面
in the front of:在物体内部的前面
3. 用法:方位介词后接名词或代词,构成地点状语,用于说明人或事物的位置。
◆精题巧练
1.(2024·武汉中考)
The football is ______ the bed, so I can't see it.
A. in B. on C. under D. at
2.(2023·成都中考)
Our classroom is ______ the library.
A. next B. next to C. next in D. next on
3.(2025·苏州中考)
There is a tree ______ the house.
A. in front B. in front of C. front D. front of/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
第2讲 七年级上册 Modules1--4
重 点 单 词 与 词 汇 拓 展 1. China (n.) 中国 → Chinese (adj./n.) 中国的;中国人的;汉语;中国人 2. friend (n.) 朋友 → friendly (adj.) 友好的 ★ make friends with sb. 和某人交朋友 3. parent (n.) 父(母)亲 → parents (pl.) 父母 4. photo (n.) 照片 → photos (pl.) 照片 ★ take photos 拍照 5. work (v./n.) 工作 → worker (n.) 工人 ★ go to work 上班;去工作 6. health (n.) 健康 → healthy (adj.) 健康的 → healthily (adv.) 健康地 ★ keep healthy 保持健康 7. have (v.) 有;吃;喝 → has (三单) → had (过去式/过去分词) ★ have a cold 感冒 ★ have a look 看一看 8. shop (v./n.) 购物;商店 → shopper (n.) 购物者 ★ go shopping 去购物 9. important (adj.) 重要的 → importance (n.) 重要性 ★ It's important to do sth. 做某事很重要 10. remember (v.) 记住 → forget (反义词) 忘记 ★ remember to do sth. 记得去做某事 ★ remember doing sth. 记得做过某事 11. good (adj.) 好的 → better (比较级) 更好的 → best (最高级) 最好的 → well (adv.) 好地 ★ be good at 擅长 ★ be good for 对……有益 12. meet (v.) 遇见;结识 → met (过去式/过去分词) → meeting (n.) 会议 ★ have a meeting 开会 13. stand (v.) 站立 → stood (过去式/过去分词) ★ stand up 起立 ★ can't stand doing sth. 无法忍受做某事 14. listen (v.) 听 → listener (n.) 听众 ★ listen to 听…… 15. new (adj.) 新的 → old (反义词) 旧的 16. one (num.) 一 → first (序数词) 第一 → once (adv.) 一次 ★ second language 第二语言 17. two (num.) 二 → second (序数词) 第二 → twice (adv.) 两次 18. three (num.) 三 → third (序数词) 第三 19. four (num.) 四 → fourth (序数词) 第四 20. five (num.) 五 → fifth (序数词) 第五 21. twelve (num.) 十二 → twelfth (序数词) 第十二 22. twenty (num.) 二十 → twentieth (序数词) 第二十 23. write (v.) 写 → wrote (过去式) → written (过去分词) → writer (n.) 作家 ★ write to sb. 给某人写信 24. help (v.) 帮助 → helpful (adj.) 有帮助的 ★ be helpful to 对……有帮助 25. time (n.) 时间 → times (pl.) 次数 ★ in time 及时 ★ on time 按时 ★ all the time 一直 ★ at the same time 同时 26. see (v.) 看见 → saw (过去式) → seen (过去分词) ★ have a look 看一看 27. sit (v.) 坐 → sat (过去式/过去分词) ★ sit down 坐下 28. open (v.) 打开 → close (反义词) 关闭 29. hand (n.) 手 ★ hand in 上交 ★ give sb. a hand 帮助某人 30. desk (n.) 书桌 ★ at the desk 在课桌旁 ★ the teacher's desk 讲台
重 点 短 语 1. be from / come from 来自 2. in English 用英语 3. What about... / How about... 怎么样? 4. stand up 起立 5. sit down 坐下 6. how old 多大;几岁 7. on the left 在左边 8. on the right 在右边 9. next to 紧挨着;在……旁边 10. police station 警察局 11. how many 多少(可数名词) 12. a lot of / lots of 大量;许多 13. in front of 在……前面 14. in the middle of 在……中间 15. classroom building 教学楼 16. be good for 对……有益 17. be bad for 对……有害 18. too much 太多(不可数名词) 19. too many 太多(可数名词) 20. go shopping 去购物 21. of course 当然 22. what colour 什么颜色 23. write down 写下 24. put up one's hand 举手 25. be good at 擅长
重 点 句 型 1. —What's your name —My name's Daming. 你叫什么名字?我叫大明。 2. I'm Chinese and I'm from China. 我是中国人,我来自中国。 3. —Where are you from —I'm from Beijing. 你来自哪里?我来自北京。 4. —How old are you —I'm thirteen years old. 你多大了?我十三岁。 5. Welcome to Class 4, Grade 7! 欢迎来到七年级四班! 6. It's nice to meet you. 很高兴见到你。 7. This is my big family. 这是我的大家庭。 8. —Is this your father —Yes, it is. 这是你爸爸吗?是的。 9. The woman next to me is my aunt. 在我旁边的女士是我姑姑。 10. My mother works at a police station. 我妈妈在警察局工作。 11. What a big family! 好大的一个家庭啊! 12. There are thirty students in my class. 我班里有三十名学生。 13. —How many students are there in your class —There are forty. 你们班有多少学生?有四十名。 14. There is a map of the world on the wall. 墙上有一张世界地图。 15. —Are there any computers on the desk —No, there aren't. 桌子上有电脑吗?没有。 16. The library is behind the science lab. 图书馆在科学实验室后面。 17. —Have you got any chocolate —No, we haven't. 你们有巧克力吗?没有。 18. We've got lots of apples. 我们有许多苹果。 19. Too much chocolate isn't good for you. 太多巧克力对你不好。 20. It's important to eat well. 吃得好很重要。 21. Let's go shopping for food and drink. 咱们去买食物和饮料吧。
知识点
考点一 this / that / these / those
◆ 辨析
this:这,单数,指代近处的人或事物
that:那,单数,指代远处的人或事物
these:这些,复数,指代近处的人或事物
those:那些,复数,指代远处的人或事物
◆ 例句
This is my father. 这是我的爸爸。
That is a library. 那是一个图书馆。
These are my parents. 这些是我的父母。
Those are my classmates. 那些是我的同学。
◆ 精题巧练(2023-2025中考真题)
1.(2024·广东广州中考)
______ are my sisters and ______ is my brother.
A. This; that B. These; that C. That; those D. Those; these
答案:B
解析:第一空后be动词为are,必须用复数指示代词these/those;第二空后be动词为is,必须用单数指示代词this/that,只有B单复数搭配正确。
2.(2023·浙江杭州中考)
—What are ______ over there
—They are flowers.
A. this B. that C. these D. those
答案:D
解析:over there 表示“在远处”,be动词为are,要用复数远指代词those;this/that是单数,these指近处,均不满足。
3.(2025·湖北武汉中考)
This is a pen and ______ are pencils.
A. that B. these C. it D. they
答案:B
解析:空格后be动词为are,需要复数指示代词,these符合;that、it为单数,they是人称代词,不能这样搭配。
考点二 be from / come from
◆ 辨析
be from 和 come from 都表示“来自……”
be from:含be动词,否定/疑问直接变be动词
come from:含实义动词,否定/疑问加助动词do/does
◆ 例句
I am from Beijing. 我来自北京。
They come from England. 他们来自英国。
◆ 精题巧练(2023-2025中考真题)
1.(2024·四川成都中考)
—Where ______ your pen pal ______
—He is from Chongqing.
A. is; come B. does; from C. is; from D. do; from
答案:C
解析:be from与come from不能混用,A错;助动词后必须加come,B、D结构错误;答语用is from,问句对应is from。
2.(2023·山东临沂中考)
My best friend ______ America.
A. are from B. is from C. come from D. coming from
答案:B
解析:主语my best friend是单数,be动词用is;come应用comes形式,A、C、D均错误。
3.(2025·江苏苏州中考)
—Does your brother ______ China
—Yes, he does.
A. be from B. is from C. come from D. comes from
答案:C
解析:句首有助动词Does,后面必须用动词原形,come from符合;be动词不能与does连用,comes是三单形式,均排除。
考点三 there be / have got
◆ 辨析
there be:表示“某地存在某物”,强调存在,就近原则
have/has got:表示“某人拥有”,强调所属
◆ 例句
There is a map on the wall. 墙上有一张地图。
I have got a new bike. 我有一辆新自行车。
◆ 精题巧练(2023-2025中考真题)
1.(2024·湖南长沙中考)
______ a library in our school and we ______ many books.
A. There is; have got B. There are; have got C. There is; has got
答案:A
解析:第一空a library是单数,用there is;第二空主语we是复数,用have got;has got只用于三单。
2.(2025·江苏南京中考)
Lucy ______ a cat and there ______ two dogs in her family.
A. have got; is B. has got; are C. have got; are
答案:B
解析:Lucy是三单,用has got;two dogs是复数,there be句型用are。
3.(2023·广东广州中考)
______ some bread on the table.
A. There are B. There is C. I have
答案:B
解析:bread是不可数名词,there be句型用is;强调“桌上有”用存在句型更合适。
考点四 too much / too many / much too
◆ 辨析
too much + 不可数名词,太多
too many + 可数名词复数,太多
much too + 形容词/副词,太……
◆ 例句
There is too much water. 有太多水。
I have too many books. 我有太多书。
The box is much too heavy. 这个箱子太重了。
◆ 精题巧练(2023-2025中考真题)
1.(2024·湖北武汉中考)
Eating ______ meat is bad for your health.
A. too many B. too much C. much too
答案:B
解析:meat是不可数名词,用too much修饰;too many修饰可数复数,much too修饰形容词/副词。
2.(2023·广东深圳中考)
The movie is ______ boring. I don't like it.
A. too much B. too many C. much too
答案:C
解析:boring是形容词,用much too修饰;too much/too many都修饰名词。
3.(2025·浙江杭州中考)
There are ______ people in the supermarket on weekends.
A. too much B. too many C. much too
答案:B
解析:people是复数可数名词,用too many修饰。
考点五 how old / how many / how much
◆ 辨析
how old:提问年龄
how many:提问可数名词数量
how much:提问不可数名词数量/价格
◆ 例句
How old are you 你多大了?
How many students are there 有多少学生?
How much is the pen 这支钢笔多少钱?
◆ 精题巧练(2023-2025中考真题)
1.(2024·浙江杭州中考)
—______ is your new schoolbag
—It's 150 yuan.
A. How old B. How many C. How much
答案:C
解析:答语是价格,提问价格用how much。
2.(2025·四川成都中考)
—______ classrooms are there in your school
—About fifty.
A. How old B. How many C. How much
答案:B
解析:classrooms是可数名词复数,提问数量用how many。
3.(2023·山东济南中考)
—______ is your little brother
—He is five years old.
A. How old B. How many C. How much
答案:A
解析:答语是年龄,提问年龄用how old。
考点六 in front of / in the front of
◆ 辨析
in front of:在……外部的前面
in the front of:在……内部的前面
◆ 例句
There is a tree in front of the classroom. 教室前面有一棵树。
The teacher is in the front of the classroom. 老师在教室前部。
◆ 精题巧练(2023-2025中考真题)
1.(2024·山东青岛中考)
Our teacher is standing ______ the classroom.
A. in front B. in front of C. in the front of
答案:C
解析:老师在教室内部前面,用in the front of。
2.(2025·湖北武汉中考)
There is a small garden ______ the house.
A. in the front of B. in front of C. at the front
答案:B
解析:花园在房子外部前面,用in front of。
3.(2023·重庆中考)
The driver is sitting ______ the bus.
A. in front of B. in the front of C. front
答案:B
解析:司机在公交车内部前面,用in the front of。
语法点
语法点一 人称代词与形容词性物主代词
◆知识点
1. 人称代词主格:I, you, he, she, it, we, they,在句子中作主语,位于句首,发出动作,不能作宾语或表语。
2. 人称代词宾格:me, you, him, her, it, us, them,在句子中作宾语,放在实义动词或介词之后,承受动作。
3. 形容词性物主代词:my, your, his, her, its, our, their,具有形容词性质,后面必须接名词,不能单独使用,用来表示人或事物的所属关系。
◆精题巧练
1.(2024·山东济南中考)
This is ______ desk. It is very clean.
A. I B. me C. my D. mine
答案:C
解析:本题考查形容词性物主代词用法。空后有名词desk,需要用形容词性物主代词修饰;I是主格,me是宾格,mine是名词性物主代词,均不符合要求,my(我的)符合题意。
2.(2023·湖南长沙中考)
Miss Wang is a good teacher. We all like ______.
A. she B. her C. he D. him
答案:B
解析:本题考查人称代词宾格用法。动词like后需要接宾格作宾语;Miss Wang是女性,she是主格,her是宾格,he/him指代男性,故选B。
3.(2025·江苏苏州中考)
______ am a student. ______ school is big.
A. I; My B. My; I C. I; I D. My; My
答案:A
解析:本题考查主格与形容词性物主代词区分。第一空在句首作主语,用人称代词主格I;第二空后有名词school,用形容词性物主代词my,故选A。
语法点二 be动词一般现在时(am / is / are)
◆知识点
1. 人称与单复数搭配:
I 搭配 am;you、we、they 及复数名词搭配 are;he、she、it 及单数名词/不可数名词搭配 is。
2. 句式结构:
肯定句:主语 + am/is/are + 表语(名词/形容词/介词短语)
否定句:主语 + am/is/are + not + 表语
一般疑问句:Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 表语?
简略回答:Yes, 主语+am/is/are. / No, 主语+am/is/are+not.
3. 用法:be动词属于系动词,用于表示身份、年龄、状态、位置等,无实际动作含义。
◆精题巧练
1.(2024·四川成都中考)
—______ you from America
—No, I'm from England.
A. Is B. Am C. Are D. Be
答案:C
解析:本题考查be动词搭配。主语是you,根据be动词用法规则,you搭配are,is搭配单数主语,am只搭配I,故选C。
2.(2023·浙江杭州中考)
My mother ______ a doctor. She works in a hospital.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
答案:B
解析:本题考查be动词主谓一致。主语my mother是单数第三人称,单数名词/代词搭配is,am搭配I,are搭配复数主语,故选B。
3.(2025·广东广州中考)
These books ______ very interesting. I like them.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
答案:C
解析:本题考查be动词主谓一致。主语these books是复数名词,复数主语搭配are,is搭配单数主语,am只搭配I,故选C。
语法点三 指示代词 this / that / these / those
◆知识点
1. 分类:分为单数和复数,近指和远指。
单数近指:this(这);单数远指:that(那)
复数近指:these(这些);复数远指:those(那些)
2. 主谓一致规则:
this/that 后接单数名词,be动词用is;
these/those 后接复数名词,be动词用are。
3. 答语规则:
问句中用this/that提问,答语用it代替;
问句中用these/those提问,答语用they代替。
◆精题巧练
1.(2024·湖北武汉中考)
______ is my uncle and ______ are my cousins.
A. This; these B. These; this C. That; this D. Those; that
答案:A
解析:本题考查指示代词单复数搭配。第一空后be动词是is,用单数指示代词this/that;第二空后be动词是are,用复数指示代词these/those,只有A选项符合。
2.(2023·山东临沂中考)
—What's ______ over there
—It's a new bike.
A. this B. that C. these D. those
答案:B
解析:本题考查指示代词远近区分。over there意为“在那边”,表示远处,且be动词是is,用单数远指代词that;this指近处,these/those是复数,故选B。
3.(2025·深圳中考)
______ are my friends, Lucy and Lily.
A. This B. That C. These D. It
答案:C
解析:本题考查指示代词单复数。空后be动词是are,需要用复数指示代词these;this/that/it均为单数形式,不能搭配are,故选C。
语法点四 there be 句型一般现在时
◆知识点
1. 含义:表示某地存在某人或某物,强调客观存在的状态,不强调所属关系。
2. 就近原则:be动词的单复数形式由离be动词最近的名词决定,与后面的名词无关。
3. 基本结构:
There is + 单数可数名词/不可数名词 + 地点状语
There are + 复数可数名词 + 地点状语
4. 句式变化:
否定句:There is/are + not + 名词 + 地点
一般疑问句:Is/Are + there + 名词 + 地点?
简略回答:Yes, there is/are. / No, there isn't/aren't.
◆精题巧练
1.(2024·湖南长沙中考)
There ______ a pen and two books on the desk.
A. is B. are C. am D. be
答案:A
解析:本题考查there be句型就近原则。离be动词最近的名词是a pen(单数),根据就近原则,be动词用is,are搭配复数名词,am只搭配I,故选A。
2.(2023·重庆中考)
—______ there any water in the bottle
—Yes, there is.
A. Is B. Are C. Am D. Be
答案:A
解析:本题考查there be句型主谓一致。water是不可数名词,不可数名词搭配there is,一般疑问句将is提前,are搭配复数名词,故选A。
3.(2025·南京中考)
There ______ some flowers in the garden.
A. is B. are C. am D. be
答案:B
解析:本题考查there be句型主谓一致。flowers是复数可数名词,复数名词搭配there are,is搭配单数/不可数名词,故选B。
语法点五 have / has got 句型
◆知识点
1. 含义:表示人或动物拥有某物,强调所属关系,主语通常是人或有生命的事物。
2. 人称搭配:
主语为I, you, we, they 时,用 have got;
主语为he, she, it 及单数名词时,用 has got。
3. 缩写形式:have got = ’ve got;has got = ’s got。
4. 句式变化:
否定句:主语 + have/has + not + got + 名词
一般疑问句:Have/Has + 主语 + got + 名词?
简略回答:Yes, 主语+have/has. / No, 主语+haven't/hasn't.
◆精题巧练
1.(2024·青岛中考)
I ______ got a new basketball.
A. have B. has C. am D. is
答案:A
解析:本题考查have/has got搭配。主语是I,第一人称单数搭配have got;has用于第三人称单数,am/is是be动词,不能和got搭配,故选A。
2.(2023·广州中考)
My sister ______ got a nice cat.
A. have B. has C. are D. is
答案:B
解析:本题考查have/has got主谓一致。主语my sister是单数第三人称,搭配has got;have用于第一/二人称及复数主语,are/is是be动词,不符合结构,故选B。
3.(2025·杭州中考)
—______ you got any pencils
—Yes, I have.
答案:C
解析:本题考查have got一般疑问句。主语是you,搭配have got,一般疑问句将have提前;has用于第三人称单数,do/does是助动词,不与got搭配,故选C。
语法点六 方位介词
◆知识点
1. 基础方位介词及用法:
in:表示在某一空间的内部,如in the classroom(在教室里)
on:表示在某一物体的表面,两者相互接触,如on the desk(在桌子上)
under:表示在某一物体的正下方,如under the bed(在床底下)
2. 常考固定方位短语:
next to:紧邻,在……旁边
behind:在……后面
in front of:在物体外部的前面
in the front of:在物体内部的前面
3. 用法:方位介词后接名词或代词,构成地点状语,用于说明人或事物的位置。
◆精题巧练
1.(2024·武汉中考)
The football is ______ the bed, so I can't see it.
A. in B. on C. under D. at
答案:C
解析:本题考查方位介词辨析。根据“我看不见它”可知足球在床的正下方,under表示“在……正下方”;in表示在内部,on表示在表面,at后接小地点,故选C。
2.(2023·成都中考)
Our classroom is ______ the library.
A. next B. next to C. next in D. next on
答案:B
解析:本题考查固定方位短语。next to是固定搭配,意为“紧邻,在……旁边”;next不能单独接名词,无next in/next on的用法,故选B。
3.(2025·苏州中考)
There is a tree ______ the house.
A. in front B. in front of C. front D. front of
答案:B
解析:本题考查固定方位短语。in front of是固定搭配,意为“在……(外部)前面”;树在房子外部的前面,符合句意;in front不能接名词,无front/front of的用法,故选B。