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1.sin 95°+cos 175°的值为( )
A.sin 5° B.cos 5°
C.0 D.2sin 5°
解析:选C.sin 95°+cos 175°=sin (90°+5°)+cos (180°-5°)=cos 5°-cos 5°=0.故选C.
2.已知sin =,那么cos α=( )
A.- B.-
C. D.
解析:选C.sin =sin =cos α,故cos α=.故选C.
3.如果角α的终边过点P,则cos α=( )
A.- B.
C. D.-
解析:选A.cos =cos =cos =-cos =-,sin =sin =sin =,
所以P,则点P在单位圆上,所以cos α=-.故选A.
4.(多选)下列不等式成立的是( )
A.sin 156°<0 B.cos (-281°)>0
C.sin <0 D.sin >0
解析:选BCD.对于A,156°角为第二象限角,则sin 156°>0,故A不正确;对于B,cos (-281°)=cos 281°=cos (180°+101°)=-cos 101°=-cos (90°+11°)=sin 11°>0,故B正确;对于C,sin =sin =-sin <0,故C正确;对于D,sin =sin =sin =sin =sin >0,故D正确. 故选BCD.
5.(多选)已知角α的终边与单位圆相交于点P,则( )
A.cos α= B.sin =
C.sin (α+π)= D.cos =
解析:选AC.根据三角函数的定义得,cos α=,sin α=-,故A正确;sin =cos α=,故B错误;sin (α+π)=-sin α=,故C正确;cos =sin α=-,故D错误.故选AC.
6.(多选)cos =( )
A.sin B.sin
C.cos D.cos
解析:选BD.sin
=sin =-sin ,故A错误;sin =sin =cos ,故B正确;cos
=cos =-cos ,故C错误;cos =cos =cos ,故D正确.故选BD.
7.化简:sin (+α)+cos =________.
解析:sin +cos
=sin +cos
=cos -cos =0.
答案:0
8.已知角α和角β的顶点为坐标原点,始边都与x轴的非负半轴重合,若点P(-4,3)在角α的终边上,角α的终边绕原点按逆时针方向旋转后与角β的终边重合,则cos β=________.
解析:因为角α终边上一点的坐标为(-4,3),所以sin α=,由已知可得β=α+,所以cos β=cos =-sin α=-,故cos β=-.
答案:-
9.已知sin α=,则·sin (α-π)·cos (2π-α)的值为________.
解析:原式=·(-sin α)·cos (-α)=·(-sin α)·cos α=·(-sin α)·cos α=-sin2α=-.
答案:-
10.证明:(1)=cos θ;
(2)=-cos α.
证明:(1)左边=
==cos θ=右边,
所以原等式成立.
(2)左边=
==-cos α=右边,
所以原等式成立.
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11.若Sn=sin +sin +…+sin (n∈N+),则S1,S2,…,S100中,正数的个数是( )
A.16 B.72 C.86 D.100
解析:选C.sin (n∈N+)的值循环出现.sin >0,sin >0,sin >0,sin >0,sin >0,sin >0,sin =0,sin =-sin <0,sin =-sin <0,sin =-sin <0,sin =-sin <0,sin =-sin <0,sin =-sin <0,sin =0.易知S1>0,S2>0,…,S7>0,S8>0,S9>0,S10>0,S11>0,S12>0,S13=0,S14=0,在S1,S2,…,S14中有12个正数,故在S1,S2,S3,…,S100中有7×12+2=86个正数.故选C.
12.已知sin (α-3π)=2cos (α-4π),则=________.
解析:因为sin (α-3π)=2cos (α-4π),
所以-sin (3π-α)=2cos (4π-α),
所以-sin (π-α)=2cos (-α),
所以sin α=-2cos α且cos α≠0,
所以原式=
===-.
答案:-
13.已知函数f(x)=,且f(m)=2,则f(-m)的值是________.
解析:易得f(x)的定义域关于原点对称.
因为f(x)==,
所以f(-x)===f(x),所以f(x)是偶函数,所以f(-m)=f(m)=2.
答案:2
14.已知角α的始边与x轴的非负半轴重合,终边经过点P(m,-m-1),且cos α=.
(1)求实数m的值;
(2)若m>0,求的值.
解:(1)根据三角函数的定义可得cos α==,解得m=0或m=3或m=-4.
(2)由(1)知m=0或m=3或m=-4,因为m>0,所以m=3,所以cos α=,sin α=-,由诱导公式,可得
==-=-.
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15.如图,在平面直角坐标系xOy中,一单位圆的圆心的初始位置在(0,1),此时圆上一点P的位置在(0,0),圆在x轴上沿正向滚动.当圆滚动到圆心位于(2,1)时,点P的坐标是________________________.
解析:如图所示,由题意知弧PB的长度为OB=2.因为圆的半径为1,所以∠PAB=2,∠DAP=2-.
在△PAD中,DA=AP cos∠DAP=cos =sin 2,DP=AP sin ∠DAP=sin =-cos 2,所以OC=OB-CB=OB-DA=2-sin 2,PC=DP+DC=1-cos 2,所以点P的坐标为(2-sin 2,1-cos 2).
答案:(2-sin 2,1-cos 2)
16.已知f(α)= .
(1)若cos =,求f(α)的值;
(2)若α=-1 860°,求f(α)的值.
解:f(α)=
==.
(1)因为cos =,
所以cos =,
所以cos =,所以sin α=-,
所以f(α)==-5.
(2)当α=-1 860°时,f(α)=
==
===-.