2025届高考英语二轮课件(4份打包)

文档属性

名称 2025届高考英语二轮课件(4份打包)
格式 zip
文件大小 24.6MB
资源类型 教案
版本资源 通用版
科目 英语
更新时间 2026-02-28 00:00:00

文档简介

(共53张PPT)
考点一 情绪驱动类动作
考点二 意图驱动类动作
考点三 交互驱动类动作
考点四 风格修饰类动作
必备知识 1. 喜悦与兴奋
2. 恐惧与震惊
3. 愤怒与沮丧
析·考情精解
01
构·知能架构
02
破·考点攻坚
03
必备知识 1. 探索与发现
2. 帮助与救助
3.准备与决心
剖析考情动向 精研考点分布
析·考情精解
part one
01
析·考情精解
命题轨迹透视 通过对近三年(2023-2025)高考英语读后续写真题的梳理,我们可以从选材主题、矛盾类型、能力考查、价值导向四个维度进行分析:
1.选材主题:聚焦“小事件中的大成长”,体现“跨文化”与“人性共通”
个人成长与身份认同(2025全国II卷):讲述国际学生因名字发音引发的文化尴尬与自我和解。主题从“逃避”到“主动分享”,体现了文化自信的建立与跨文化沟通的主动性。
家庭关系与情感修复(2025全国I卷):因宠物狗引发的兄弟矛盾。核心是理解、共情与道歉,考查在家庭冲突中如何通过反省与行动修复关系。
社会责任与道德判断(2025.1浙江卷):少年“捉贼”后发现真相可能并非如此。矛盾从“是非对立”转向对复杂性的认知,考查独立思考、求证精神与善良本质。
陌生人善意与信任(2024新高考I卷):乘客与出租车司机因车费产生的信任故事。主题是人性本善、信任无价与感恩回馈。
克服恐惧与心理突破(2024.1浙江卷):新生通过“心理拆解法”克服跑步和认路的恐惧。核心是将大目标分解为小步骤的成长方法论。
潜能激发与师生情谊(2023新高考I卷):在老师鼓励下发现写作潜力的故事。强调外部认可与内在努力对激发潜能的决定性作用。
人与自然的生命互动(2023.1浙江卷):救助蜂鸟并得到“感恩”回应的奇妙经历。探讨生命的灵性、善意的循环与敬畏自然。
2. 矛盾类型:从“外部冲突”转向“内部挣扎与认知升级”
早期(2023年及以前):矛盾相对外显(如:赶车、写作困难、救鸟)。
近期(2024-2025年):矛盾更多内化为心理、情感和认知层面的困境。
内心纠结型:是否要坚持纠正名字发音?是否要道歉?是否冤枉了人?
认知升级型:如何将跑步的“心理技巧”迁移到生活其他方面?
价值判断型:规则与人情孰轻孰重?(兄弟与狗的故事)
这要求考生不仅能推进情节,更要细腻刻画人物的心理转变过程。
析·考情精解
命题轨迹透视 3. 能力考查:从“叙事完整”到“心理深度、文化意识与思辨性” 基础能力:情节连贯、逻辑合理、语言准确。 高阶能力(趋势明显): 心理描写:成为续写的灵魂。需要准确使用情感词汇、内心独白、动作暗示等。 文化意识:尤其在涉及跨文化交际的材料中(如2025全国II卷),需要体现对文化差异的理解与尊重,以及如何优雅地传播自身文化。 思辨能力:并非所有故事都是黑白分明。考生需要处理道德灰度(如浙江卷“小偷”可能不是贼),展现基于证据和同理心的判断。 主题升华能力:结尾需自然点明故事带来的成长、领悟或普世价值,不能流于俗套。 4. 价值导向:积极正向,弘扬核心素养 所有命题都隐含着积极向上的价值观:勇气、善良、诚信、理解、包容、成长、感恩。这与高考“立德树人”的根本任务完全一致。故事结局必须是温暖的、有希望的,或带来深刻积极启示的。 考点频次总结 核心考查能力 2025年 2024年 2023年
问题解决与策略迁移 全国I卷:修复家庭矛盾,主动道歉并提出解决方案。 浙江1月卷:青少年如何通过调查求证,解决“见义勇为”后的道德疑虑。 新高考I卷:乘客通过“承诺-履约”的策略解决车费支付危机。 浙江1月卷:Eva将“目标分解法”从跑步迁移到解决校园迷路问题。 新高考I卷:通过“化难为易”的策略(选择有趣视角、反复修改)解决写作难题
情感修复与关系重建 全国I卷(核心):兄弟因宠物产生隔阂,需通过理解、道歉和行动修复亲情。
身份认同与文化沟通 全国II卷(核心):从因名字发音尴尬而回避,到主动解释名字含义、传播文化,完成从“适应者”到“传播者”的身份转变。
析·考情精解
考点频次总结 核心考查能力 2025年 2024年 2023年
信任建立与善意回馈 新高考I卷(核心):司机对陌生乘客的信任,以及乘客如期返回履行承诺,完成“善意接收-回馈”的闭环。 浙江1月卷(核心):人与蜂鸟之间超越物种的信任与“感恩式”回馈。
心理突破与认知升级 浙江1月卷:通过具体方法克服对“长跑”和“复杂环境”的恐惧,实现自我认知的突破(“我能行”)。 新高考I卷:对写作从“恐惧痛苦”到“享受过程”的认知转变,发现自我潜能。
道德判断与求证精神 浙江1月卷(核心):在“见义勇为”与“可能冤枉好人”之间产生道德焦虑,并通过实际行动(询问邻居、前往警局)寻求真相,体现理性与善良的结合。
成长领悟与价值升华 所有卷别:最终都导向积极的领悟,如亲情可贵、文化自信、善良需智慧等。 2026命题预测 2026年的读后续写将大概率延续并深化现有趋势,可能在以下方向进行命题: 1. 题材预测: 校园生活与社会实践:如处理社团竞选失败、与队友的合作冲突、志愿服务中的意外状况等。聚焦挫折教育、团队精神与社会责任感。 代际沟通与家庭新常态:如与“数字原住民”祖辈教学手机、处理父母再婚带来的新家庭关系等。考查换位思考与爱的表达。 科技与人文的碰撞:如在依赖导航时帮助迷路的老人、AI写作引发的关于“真实”的思考等。探讨科技时代人的温度与本质。 微观生态与社区互动:如参与社区流浪动物救助、解决邻里间因绿化产生的小矛盾等。体现公民意识与和谐共建。 析·考情精解
2026命题预测 2. 矛盾与主题预测:
核心矛盾:将继续围绕 “认知失调”到“认知重构” 的过程展开。例如:
对某个人/事的偏见如何被打破。
一次失败如何被重新定义为成长的契机。
一个固守的习惯或观念如何在经历后发生改变。
主题升华点:可能更倾向于 “平凡中的不平凡”、“连接的力量”(人与人、人与社会、人与自然)、“定义属于自己的成功” 等更具现代性和哲学意味的主题。
3. 能力考查侧重点预测:
心理描写的精准与层次感:要求写出从“困惑/沮丧/愤怒”到“触动/反思/领悟”的多阶段、细腻的心理变化。
细节的象征与呼应能力:像2025范文中的“饼干”,2023范文中的“蜂鸟回望”,要求考生能设计有意义的细节,贯穿全文,服务主题。
开放式结局的驾驭能力:结局可能不是大团圆,而是一个充满希望的开始、一个深刻的领悟、或一个开放性的问题,留给读者思考空间。
语言的地道与文体意识:在保证准确的前提下,鼓励使用更生动、更符合英语思维习惯的表达,避免中式英语。
构·知能架构
part two
02
搭建知识网络 整合能力体系
构·知能架构
2. 帮助与救助
3. 准备与决心
考点二 意图驱动类动作
1. 探索与发现
象征性动作
仪式感沟通
心理准备
身体调整
行动开始
情感递增式
心理描写融入
初步观察
靠近检查
发现关键
进阶技巧
考点一 情绪驱动类动作
真题动向
新情境(2025·1月浙江卷)
2024年全国甲卷
1. 喜悦与兴奋
2. 恐惧与震惊
3. 愤怒与沮丧
4. 悲伤与失落
5. 紧张与焦虑
核心动词库
高级句型
使用场景
考点三 交互驱动类动作
考点四 风格修饰类动作
命题预测
层次化描写 1. 亲密与支持
张力构建 2. 冲突与对抗
微妙时刻 3. 尴尬与缓和
1.比喻化动作(高级精华)
2.副词与介词短语宝库
3.伴随状态大师级写法
考向1 VR植树一一当虚拟凋零,真实生长
考向2冰箱里的春天
考向3冰河卫士--我的守护犬叫"熊”
轻度安慰
中度支持
深度连接
表达委屈与失望
表达惊吓与退缩
打破僵局
化解尴尬
重建联系
自然比喻
创新组合
副词修饰
六大万能介词短语
身体状态伴随
环境互动伴随
内心外化伴随
微技能之动作描写
核心动词库
高级句型
使用场景
核心动词库
高级句型
使用场景
核心动词库
高级句型
使用场景
核心动词库
高级句型
使用场景
破·考点攻坚
part three
03
破解考点规律 攻克解题难关
真题动向
(2025·1月浙江卷)阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Kevin was pretty bored. His mother was at work, and his father had been away on business. Therefore, he was left in the care of Mrs. Hill, an old lady who lived next door. His parents had raised the 12-year-old to be a good boy. He never got into trouble, though sometimes he wanted to do risky things. Mrs. Hill was asleep. Kevin sighed (叹息) and hoped something exciting would happen. Suddenly, a movement outside caught his eye.
Mrs. Hill’s front window faced Mr. and Mrs. Green’s house across the street. The couple had both gone to work, so it was strange that someone was over there. Kevin stared at the man at their front door. Suddenly, the man jumped through an open window into the house. With his heart in his mouth, Kevin grabbed Mrs. Hill’s home phone and called the police.
Thinking that the man might get away with whatever he wanted before the police arrived, Kevin decided to do something. He rushed out of Mrs. Hill’s house and crossed the street quickly. Grabbing a branch from a cut-down tree, he jumped in through the window. “Stop right there! You must leave right now!” he called out, holding the branch with both hands.
真题动向
The man froze for a second, but when he saw the skinny boy he breathed a sigh of relief. “Hey, kid, put that down. It was my home. My parents used to live here and my father’s watch was here,” he explained, trying to lift a floorboard.
At that moment, the sounds of a police car echoed (回响) in the air. The man stood up in a panic, then ran through the house toward the window and jumped out. Kevin followed out and told the arriving police officers what had happened. They pursued and arrested the man.
Kevin went back to Mrs. Hill’s house. Somehow he wasn’t sure he had done the right thing. “What if he has told the truth ” he thought to himself. The man’s words sounded pretty convincing.
注意:
(1)续写词数应为150左右;
(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
When Mr. and Mrs. Green got home, Kevin went to talk to them. _____________________ _________________________________________________________________________
Kevin and Mr. Green took the watch they had found to the police station. ______________ ___________________________________________________________________________
真题动向
【参考范文】
Paragraph 1:
When Mr. and Mrs. Green got home, Kevin went to talk to them. The Greens listened attentively as Kevin recounted every detail. They were shocked at first but grateful to hear the man had been arrested. Still, Kevin couldn’t forget the man’s words. “What if the man was telling the truth ” he whispered. Without hesitation, Mr. Green strode to the loose floorboard. “Let’s see for ourselves,” he said, lifting the floorboard. Beneath it lay an old, dust-covered watch. Kevin’s heart sank. “We need to show this to the police,” he urged. (78 词)
Paragraph 2:
Kevin and Mr. Green took the watch they had found to the police station. After hearing the story, the officers understood. “You’re lucky these people brought this in,” one officer said, handing the watch to the man. “But never break in again.” The man clutched the watch tightly, his shoulders relaxing as if a weight had lifted. “Thank you ... for proving I wasn’t lying,” he murmured to Kevin, his voice thick with emotion. A smile curved Kevin’s lips. As they stepped into the golden afternoon light, it struck Kevin: True bravery wasn’t about taking risks, but about doing what was right. (87 词)
真题动向
传统情境:续写矛盾多局限于清晰的 人际圈内部(如与朋友吵架、与家人误解、自我挑战失败)。场景是私密的,道德判断是简单的。
本题新情境:矛盾源于主角 介入一件公共/社会性事件(目击疑似犯罪并干预)。场景是开放的,涉及 陌生人、法律、财产权和社区安全。
新在何处:它把学生从“班级”“家庭”的舒适区,拉到了更广阔、更复杂的社会界面。要求考生处理的不是“朋友还我钱吗?”,而是“我作为公民,目睹不法时该如何行动?我的行动可能带来什么后果?”这是一种“准成人社会”的情境预设。
新情境
传统考法:续写的核心任务是“情感修复”。通过对话、道歉、帮助等动作,达成和解。逻辑链条是:误会→难过→理解→和解。
本题新考法:续写的核心任务是“真相调查与责任完成”。它要求构建一个微型的“证据链”和“问题解决流程”。
证据链:必须设计动作去验证“闯入者”的说辞(询问邻居、检查地板、发现手表)。
解决流程:必须设计动作将事件推向合法、妥当的解决(前往警局、上交物证、协助澄清)。
新在何处:它考查的不再是单纯的情感表达能力,而是基于逻辑的叙事构建能力、对基本社会规则(法治)的理解,以及将“做好事”负责到底的完整闭环思维。这更像一个“微剧本”写作。
新考法
真题动向
传统角度:主题通常是“勇敢/善良总会有好报”。主角克服恐惧帮助他人,结果直接带来友谊、感谢或自我成长,价值判断是单向赞美的。
本题新角度:主题是“勇敢之后的责任与思辨”。它提出了一个尖锐的二元困境:
行为的正义性:报警、对峙,这是公民的责任与勇敢。
结果的复杂性:可能误会了一个有苦衷的人,你的“正义之举”可能对他人造成了伤害。
新在何处:它引入了“道德灰度”。它要求考生探讨:当“正确的事”可能带来“错误的结果”时,我们该怎么办?续写不再是简单的“好人得好报”,而是必须处理:
对自身行为的反思(我是否武断?)
对他人处境的好奇与求证(他到底是谁?)
在真相大白后,如何弥补可能造成的伤害(道歉、协助澄清)。
最终主题升华不再是“我真勇敢”,而是“勇敢需与智慧、求证和责任心同在”,或者说 “最大的善良,是在维护正义时也不失对他人的悲悯与审慎”。
新角度
真题动向
第一部分:原文动作分析(悬念建立与爆发)
原文已经完成了一个完整的“悬疑-行动”单元。我们拆解来看:
1. 观察与判断(安静中孕育风暴)
(1)a movement outside caught his eye(外面的动静引起了他的注意)
一个中性的、被动的动作(caught his eye),将主角从无聊状态拉入事件。这是所有悬疑的开始。
(2)Kevin stared at the man at their front door.(凯文盯着门前那个人。)
从“注意到”到“紧盯”,紧张感升级。stared 表明时间持续,他在进行判断。
词汇:movement 用词准确,不确定是人还是动物,保留悬念。
词汇:stared 比 looked 更具紧张感和目的性。
真题动向
2. 危机确认与决策(从观察到行动)
(1)Suddenly, the man jumped through an open window into the house.(突然,那人从开着的窗户跳进了屋里。)
jumped 这个动作果断、非法,瞬间坐实了“入侵者”身份。Suddenly 一词让节奏骤变。
(2)With his heart in his mouth, Kevin grabbed Mrs. Hill’s home phone and called the police.(心提到了嗓子眼,凯文抓起希尔夫人的家用电话报了警。)
先写生理感受(With his heart in his mouth),再写一连串动作 (grabbed... called),符合“震惊-反应”的真实逻辑。动作合理(用家用电话)。
词汇:jumped 是核心动词,充满力量感和违法性,是推动主角报警的直接原因。
词汇:With his heart in his mouth 是极佳的情感动作化表达,是高分亮点。grabbed 显示出急迫。
真题动向
3. 主动干预与对峙(英雄主义与冲突)
(1)Thinking that..., Kevin decided to do something.(考虑到……凯文决定做点什么。)这是从“被动报警”到“主动干预”的关键转折点。一个内心的决定 (decided) 引出了下文更危险的动作。
(2)He rushed out of... and crossed the street quickly. Grabbing a branch from..., he jumped in through the window.(他冲出……快速穿过街道。从……抓起一根树枝,他跳进了窗户。)rushed out -> crossed -> Grabbing -> jumped in,这四个动作一气呵成,塑造了一个勇敢(或鲁莽)的少年形象,节奏极快,画面感如电影。
词汇:rushed, quickly, Grabbing, jumped 都是短促有力的动词/修饰,共同营造紧张感。
(3)“Stop right there!...” he called out, holding the branch with both hands.(“站住!……”他喊道,双手紧握着树枝。)
功能:对峙与虚张声势。语言动作(called out) 和身体姿态 (holding... with both hands) 相结合,生动刻画了一个紧张但试图威慑对方的少年。with both hands 这个细节表明他的全力以赴和内心恐惧。
真题动向
4. 意外反转与悬念遗留(真相的裂隙)
(1)The man froze for a second, but when he saw... he breathed a sigh of relief.(那人愣住了一秒,但当他看到……他松了一口气。)froze 和 breathed a sigh of relief 是两个极富信息量的动作。真正凶恶的罪犯不会“愣住”并对一个孩子“松口气”。这些动作强烈暗示此人可能并非穷凶极恶。
(2)“Hey, kid, put that down...” he explained, trying to lift a floorboard.(“嘿,孩子,放下……”他解释道,试图撬起一块地板。)explained(解释)和 trying to lift a floorboard(试图撬地板)是矛盾组合。他的行为有明确目的(撬地板),这与随机盗窃不同,留下了最大的悬念:“他到底是谁?在找什么?”
(3)Kevin went back to Mrs. Hill’s house. Somehow he wasn’t sure he had done the right thing.(凯文回到希尔夫人家。不知怎的,他不确定自己做的是否正确。)
功能:从外部动作转向内部动作,为续写指明方向。故事焦点从“抓贼”的激烈外部冲突,转向“判断对错”的内心道德挣扎 (wasn’t sure)。这是续写的总基调。
真题动向
第二部分:范文续写动作分析(调查、求证与解决)
Paragraph 1: 主动求证与关键发现
这一段的核心动作任务是“将内心的怀疑转化为外部调查”。
1. 发起交流:
Kevin went to talk to them. 这是最基础、最关键的主动性动作。一个went to talk,表明了凯文从被动困惑 (wasn’t sure) 到主动寻求真相的转变,是责任感的体现。
2. 信息传递与接收:
The Greens listened attentively... They were shocked...这里包含了交互动作链。
凯文的动作:recounted every detail (详细叙述)。recounted 比 said 更正式、更完整,表明他的认真。
格林夫妇的反应:listened attentively (专心听) -> were shocked (震惊) -> were grateful (感激)。这三个连续反应,通过动作和神态,验证了凯文行为的正当性,也推动了他们加入调查。
真题动向
3. 内心挣扎外化:
Kevin couldn’t forget... “What if...” he whispered. couldn’t forget 是心理动作,whispered (低声说) 是将其外化的语言动作。whispered 这个词用得非常精妙,它体现了凯文的不确定、愧疚和仅对信任的人吐露的微妙心理,远比 said 生动。
4. 果断调查与惊人发现:
Mr. Green strode to... “Let’s see for ourselves,” he said, lifting the floorboard.这是本段的动作高潮和转折点。
strode to (大步走向):一个果断、有力的动作,表明成人(格林先生)对凯文疑虑的重视和立即行动的支持。
lifting the floorboard (撬起地板):这是对原文悬念(trying to lift) 的直接呼应和解答。这个动作是揭开谜底的关键。
Beneath it lay an old, dust-covered watch.:用lay 这个静态动词描述发现,制造了短暂的“揭示”时刻。dust-covered (布满灰尘的) 这个细节暗示手表已存放很久,侧面支持了“闯入者”的说法。
真题动向
5. 责任感驱使的下一步:
Kevin’s heart sank. “We need to show this to the police,” he urged. 生理反应:heart sank (心一沉)。经典的情绪动作化表达,准确传递了凯文发现可能冤枉好人后的 懊悔与沉重。
语言动作:urged (敦促)。比 said 更强烈,体现了他的急切和决心要纠正错误。至此,Paragraph 1 的动作完美收尾,并自然引出下一段场景——警察局。
Paragraph 1 动作功能总结:
通过 talk -> recount -> whisper -> stride -> lift -> urge 这一系列动作,完成了 从沟通到验证,从怀疑到确信,并指向新行动 的逻辑链条。
真题动向
Paragraph 2: 依法解决与情感升华
这一段的核心动作任务是“完成社会流程并实现情感与认知的升华”。
1. 场景转换与核心动作:
Kevin and Mr. Green took the watch... to the police station. took... to 是简单明确的动作,标志着事件进入 正式的、社会的解决渠道,体现了法治观念和负责任的态度。
2. 权威确认与教育:
After hearing the story, the officers understood. & “You’re lucky...,” one officer said, handing the watch... “But never break in again.”这里包含一组权威角色的动作。
understood (理解):表明警方认可了他们的行为和整个事件的特殊性。
handing the watch (递还手表):这个动作完成了关键物证的合法移交,是解决问题的象征。
语言动作:警官的话一分为二,先肯定(You’re lucky),后教育 (But never...)。这体现了法律既有温度也有原则 的完整价值判断,非常高明。
真题动向
3. 情感释放与和解:The man clutched the watch tightly, his shoulders relaxing... “Thank you ... ,” he murmured... 这是情感描写的动作范本,包含三个层次:
珍惜:clutched... tightly (紧紧攥住)。这个动作强烈表达出手表对他的情感价值,以及失而复得的激动。
解脱:shoulders relaxing as if a weight had lifted (肩膀放松,如释重负)。用身体部位 (shoulders) 的放松来比喻心理重压的解除,是高级的动作隐喻。
感激:murmured (低声说),voice thick with emotion (声音因激动而哽咽)。murmured 与第一段凯文的 whispered 形成巧妙呼应,都表示低声、真挚的交流。voice thick 进一步外化了强烈的情感。这一系列动作,彻底完成了从“对立”到“和解”的转变。
真题动向
4. 主角成长与主题点明:
A smile curved Kevin’s lips. As they stepped into the golden afternoon light, it struck Kevin...这是动作服务于主题升华的典范。
A smile curved Kevin’s lips. (一抹微笑浮上凯文的嘴角。) curved 这个动词非常形象,描绘出微笑慢慢浮现的过程,代表他内心的释然、满足和成长。
stepped into the golden afternoon light (步入金色的午后阳光)。这个环境互动动作极具象征意义。“步出警局”象征事件圆满解决,“金色阳光”象征内心的明朗与温暖。动作与环境结合,意境全出。
it struck Kevin (凯文突然意识到)。这是内心领悟的动作化表达 (struck 如电光火石)。通过这个心理动作,自然引出主题句,毫无说教感。
真题动向
Paragraph 2 动作功能总结:
通过
这一系列动作,完成了 从社会程序到个人情感,再到内心领悟 的完整升华。
took... to ->
handing ->
clutched/relaxing ->
murmured ->
smile curved ->
stepped into ->
struck
考点一 情绪驱动类动作
必备知识
1. 喜悦与兴奋
核心 动词库 beam (绽放笑容) / grin from ear to ear (笑得合不拢嘴) bounce with excitement (兴奋得蹦跳) / jump for joy (高兴得跳起来) clap one's hands together (双手合拍) / pump one's fist in the air (空中挥拳) 高级句型 爆发式 A peal of laughter escaped her lips before she could stop it.
一串笑声不由自主地从她唇间溢出。
渐进式 His serious expression first softened into a smile, then grew into a big, genuine grin.
他严肃的表情先是柔和成微笑,然后扩展成一个大而真诚的咧嘴笑。
伴随状态 She danced a little jig, her feet barely touching the ground with happiness.
她跳了一小段吉格舞,双脚因快乐几乎不沾地。
使用场景 获奖时刻、久别重逢、愿望达成。 考点一 情绪驱动类动作
必备知识
2. 恐惧与震惊
核心 动词库 jump back (后退)/ shrank away (畏缩地退开) stagger backward (踉跄后退) / freeze in one's tracks (突然僵住) gasp for air (倒抽气) / A cry got stuck in his throat, coming out as a choked sob. (一声哭喊卡在他喉咙里,变成了一声哽咽的抽泣。) 高级句型 生理反应 Her blood ran cold, and every hair on her arms stood on end.
她血都凉了,手臂上的汗毛根根倒竖。
时间凝固 For a long moment that felt like forever, he stood completely still, frozen, his mind blank.
在感觉像永远一样长的片刻里,他完全静止地站着,僵住了,大脑一片空白。
细微颤抖 The cup in her hand trembled, sending tiny ripples across the surface of the tea.
她手中的杯子颤抖着,在茶面激起细小涟漪。
使用场景 突遇危险、发现秘密、遭遇意外。 考点一 情绪驱动类动作
必备知识
3. 愤怒与沮丧
核心 动词库 was boiling with anger inside(怒火中烧) / his eyes burning with anger(眼中燃烧着怒火) slam one's palm on the table(一掌拍在桌上) / kick the chair leg in frustration(沮丧地踢椅腿) turn on one's heel and march away (转身大步离去) 高级 句型 压抑的 愤怒 He held onto the kitchen table so tightly that his fingertips turned pale white. It was the only clue to the fierce struggle going on inside him. 他紧紧抓住厨房桌子的边缘,指尖都发白了。这是他内心激烈挣扎的唯一线索。
爆发 瞬间 All the frustration he had been holding back finally exploded. With one angry sweep of his arm, he sent the papers flying off the desk. 所有他一直压抑着的挫败感终于爆发了。他愤怒地一挥手臂,把文件全都扫下了桌子。
冷愤怒 When she spoke, her voice was dangerously calm, each word an ice chip. 她开口时,声音危险地平静,每个词都像冰碴。
使用 场景 遭遇不公、努力失败、被误解时。 考点一 情绪驱动类动作
必备知识
4. 悲伤与失落
核心 动词库 slumped into the chair (瘫倒在椅子上) / curl into a ball (蜷缩成团) wipe away a stray tear with the back of one's hand (用手背抹去不经意流下的泪) hug one's knees to one's chest (把膝盖抱到胸前) 高级 句型 无声的悲伤 Tears tracked silently down her cheeks, leaving glistening trails in their wake, but she made no move to brush them away. 泪水无声地滑落她的脸颊,留下闪亮的轨迹,但她没有伸手去擦。
空虚感 He sank into the chair, the familiar weight of disappointment settling in his chest like a stone. 他沉入椅子,熟悉的失望感像石头一样沉在胸口。
回忆 触发 At the sight of the old photograph, her shoulders began to shake with silent sobs she could no longer contain.
看到旧照片,她的肩膀开始因再也无法抑制的无声啜泣而颤抖。
使用 场景 失去重要事物、告别、梦想破灭。 考点一 情绪驱动类动作
必备知识
5. 紧张与焦虑
核心 动词库 couldn’t stop moving nervously in his seat (在座位上紧张地动来动去,停不下来) / twisted her hands together anxiously (焦虑地把双手扭在一起) pace a worn path on the carpet (在地毯上走出磨损的路径) chew on one's lower lip until it was raw (咬下唇直到疼痛) 高级句型 内心外化 His foot tapped a frantic, irregular rhythm against the floor, a perfect mirror of his racing thoughts.
他的脚在地板上敲出狂乱不规则的节奏,完美映射了他飞速运转的思绪。
等待煎熬 Each tick of the clock echoed like a hammer blow in the tense silence of the room.
在房间紧张的寂静中,时钟的每一声滴答都像锤击般回响。
表面镇定 She smoothed her skirt for the third time in a minute, a weak attempt to hide the nervous energy that filled her body.
她一分钟内第三次抚平裙子——这是为了掩饰充满她身体的紧张能量而做的微弱尝试。
使用场景 考试前、比赛前、等待重要结果。 考点二 意图驱动类动作
必备知识
1. 探索与发现
初步观察 His eyes scanned the room, taking in every detail from the dust motes dancing in the sunlight to the faint scratch on the floorboards. 他的眼睛扫视房间,从阳光下飞舞的灰尘到地板上的细微划痕,不放过任何细节。 靠近检查 Crouching down for a closer look, he ran his fingers lightly over the surface, feeling for anything out of the ordinary. 蹲下来仔细查看,他手指轻触表面,感受任何异常。 发现关键 There, half-hidden behind the leg of the desk, was a tiny object that shone like metal—something that didn’t belong. 在那里,桌子腿后面半藏着一个像金属一样反光的小东西——一个不属于那里的东西。 进阶技巧 多感官结合 He didn't just see the open window; he felt the draft (感受到气流), smelled the rain on the night air (闻到夜雨的气息).
视角 切换 From her vantage point on the stairs, she could see...
从她在楼梯上的有利位置,她能看见...
考点二 意图驱动类动作
必备知识
2. 帮助与救助
情感 递增式 即时 反应 Without a second thought, she sprinted towards the fallen figure, her medical training kicking in automatically.
不假思索地,她冲向倒地的人,医疗训练自动启动。
专业 评估 Kneeling beside him, she kept her hands steady as she checked his airway and pulse, her voice calm as she asked, "Can you hear me "
跪在他身边,她的手很稳,检查他的气道和脉搏,声音平静地问:“能听见吗?”
持续 关怀 She stayed by his side, holding his hand and speaking in low, reassuring tones until the ambulance arrived.
她留在他身边,握着他的手,用低沉安慰的语气说话,直到救护车到来。
心理描写融入 Her own heart was pounding wildly in her chest, but for his sake, she forced herself to breathe slowly and evenly. 她自己的心在胸膛里狂跳不止,但为了他,她强迫自己缓慢而均匀地呼吸。 考点二 意图驱动类动作
必备知识
3.准备与决心
仪式感 构建 心理准备 He closed his eyes for a moment, picturing the steps ahead, gathering his courage as if it were something solid he could hold.
他闭上眼睛片刻,在脑海中描绘着接下来的步骤,仿佛勇气是某种他能紧紧握住的实体,正将它一点点聚集起来。
身体调整 Rolling his shoulders to loosen the tension, he took a deep breath that filled his lungs with purpose.
他转动肩膀以放松紧绷的肌肉,随后深吸一口气,这口气息仿佛为他注满了决心与力量。
行动开始 With a final, determined nod to his reflection in the window, he pushed open the door and stepped into the “unknown”.
最后,他对着窗户中自己的倒影坚定地点了点头,随即推开门,步入了未知。
象征性 动作 She fastened her grandmother's locket around her neck, feeling the weight of legacy and love giving her strength. 她把祖母的项链戴在脖子上,感受着传承与爱的重量给予她力量。 考点三 交互驱动类动作
必备知识
1. 亲密与支持
层次化 描写 轻度安慰 He gave her shoulder a gentle, reassuring squeeze, wordless but full of understanding.
他轻轻、安慰地捏了捏她的肩膀,无言但充满理解。
中度支持 She reached across the table and covered his restless hand with her own, stilling its anxious movement.
她伸手越过桌子,用自己的手盖住他不安的手,止住了焦虑的动作。
深度连接 They stood forehead to forehead, breathing together, a silent conversation passing between them in the shared space.
他们额头相抵,呼吸同步,无声的交谈在共享的空间中传递。
考点三 交互驱动类动作
必备知识
2. 冲突与对抗
张力构建 表达委屈与失望 She turned her face away, refusing to meet his eyes.
她把脸扭向一边,拒绝与他对视。
Hugging her arms tightly around herself, she stared at the ground, a wall of silence between them.
她紧紧抱住自己,盯着地面,两人之间隔着一道沉默的墙。
Her words were quiet but firm, each one feeling like a small stone dropping into the space between them.
她的话很轻但坚定,每一个字都像一颗小石子,落入两人之间的空间。
考点三 交互驱动类动作
必备知识
2. 冲突与对抗
张力构建 表达惊吓与退缩 When he reached out, she instinctively pulled her hand back.
当他伸出手时,她本能地把手缩了回去。
His touch was meant to be comforting, but she flinched away as if it stung, the surprise clear in her wide eyes.
他的触碰本意是安慰,但她像被蜇到一样躲开了,圆睁的双眼里写满了惊愕。
Part of her wanted to accept the apology, but a stronger part made her take a small step back, creating a safe distance.
她心里有一部分想接受道歉,但更强烈的部分让她向后退了一小步,划出一个安全的距离。
考点三 交互驱动类动作
必备知识
3.尴尬与缓和
微妙时刻 打破僵局 Clearing his throat awkwardly, he extended the olive branch—a hesitant hand offered for a handshake.
尴尬地清了清嗓子,他伸出橄榄枝——犹豫地伸出手想要握手。
化解尴尬 She let out a small laugh, breaking the tension and meeting his eyes with a regretful smile.
她发出一声小小的笑声,打破紧张,带着懊悔的微笑迎上他的目光。
重建联系 Their eyes met over the table, and a “hesitant”, almost shy smile began to form on both their faces.
他们在桌子上方目光相遇,一个犹豫的、近乎羞涩的微笑开始在两人脸上形成。
考点四 风格修饰类动作
必备知识
1. 比喻化动作
自然比喻 Time melted away like snow in spring.
时间如春雪般消融。
Her confidence bloomed like a flower finally seeing the sun.
她的信心如终于见到阳光的花朵般绽放。
Doubt crept in, a cold snake coiling around his heart.
怀疑悄悄潜入,像一条冰冷的蛇缠绕他的心。
创新组合 He didn't walk; he “carved” a path through the crowd.
他不是在走;他是在人群中开辟出一条路。
Her words “mended” the group.
她的话修复了这个群体。
考点四 风格修饰类动作
必备知识
2. 副词与介词短语宝库
副词修饰 1. gently (轻柔地) — 表达小心、温柔、克制
He “gently” placed the book on the table. (他轻轻地把书放在桌上。)
She spoke “gently” to calm the frightened child. (她温柔地说话,安抚受惊的孩子。)
2. firmly (坚定地) —表达决心、果断、不容改变
She “firmly” shook her head. (她坚定地摇了摇头。)
He held her hand “firmly”, giving her strength. (他紧紧地握着她的手,给她力量。)
3. suddenly / abruptly (突然地 / 唐突地) — 制造转折、惊讶或紧张感
The door “suddenly” opened. (门突然开了。)
He stopped “abruptly”, realizing his mistake. (他猛地停下,意识到了自己的错误。)
4. slowly (缓慢地) —表达迟疑、沉重、或故意拖延
He “slowly” stood up, as if carrying a great weight. (他缓缓地站起来,仿佛背负着重担。)
A smile “slowly” spread across her face. (一个微笑慢慢在她脸上绽开。)
考点四 风格修饰类动作
必备知识
2. 副词与介词短语宝库
六大万能介词短语 表达方式:with + N.
“With great care”, she opened the envelope. (极其小心地,她打开了信封。)
He answered “with confidence”. (他充满自信地回答。)
She listened “with a puzzled expression”. (她带着困惑的表情听着。)
表达伴随:with + N. + V-ing (高级结构)
He apologized, “with his eyes fixed on the ground”. (他道了歉,眼睛一直盯着地面。)
She made her decision, “with her heart pounding wildly”. (她做出了决定,心在狂跳。)
表达没有:without + N.
She faced the challenge “without fear”. (她毫无畏惧地面对挑战。)
“Without a word”, he turned and left. (一言不发地,他转身离开了。)
考点四 风格修饰类动作
必备知识
2. 副词与介词短语宝库
六大万能介词短语 表达在…之下:under the + N.
“Under the watchful eyes of the teacher”, we began the test.
在老师审视的目光下,我们开始了考试。
He made the promise “under great pressure”.
他在巨大压力下做出了承诺。
表达通过…:by + V-ing
“By taking a deep breath”, she calmed herself down.
通过深呼吸,她让自己平静下来。
He solved the problem “by thinking outside the box”.
他通过跳出常规思维解决了问题。
表达尽管:in spite of + N. / despite + N.
“In spite of her tiredness”, she finished the race.
尽管很累,她还是跑完了比赛。
He smiled “despite the disappointment”.
他尽管失望,还是笑了。
考点四 风格修饰类动作
必备知识
3.伴随状态大师级写法
身体状态伴随 She delivered the speech “with her voice steady but her palms pressed flat against her trembling thighs.”
她发表演讲时声音稳定,但手掌紧贴颤抖的大腿。
环境互动伴随 He worked “as the rain painted grey streaks down the window behind him.”
他在工作时,雨水在他身后的窗户上画出灰色的条纹。
内心外化伴随 She signed the contract “with a mix of excitement and anxiety turning in her stomach.”
她签署合同时,兴奋与焦虑在胃中翻搅。
命题预测
考向1 VR植树——当虚拟凋零,真实生长
(2025·浙江温州十校期末考)阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I stood in the school auditorium(礼堂),VR headset on my head. The virtual forest buzzed with life—3D fireflies danced above a stream, their glow waving on the water. My team had spent months programming this for the Eco Youth Summit, to show how deforestation harms wildlife. The air smelled of fresh paint, and whispers from the audience reached me through the headset.
But as judges approached, the headset suddenly went dark. Panic surged through me. I tore off the device to see Maya frozen at the control panel(控制板). “Server crashed,” she mouthed, hands shaking over the black screen. “Our project—it’s all gone.” Murmurs rose in the crowd, and my neck burned under the stage lights.
命题预测
I scanned the judges, their expectant smiles fading. A man in green tapped his writing board; the woman beside him frowned at her watch. Then my gaze met a girl in the front row, holding a stuffed owl(猫头鹰). Her pigtails bobbed as she leaned forward, but when I shook my head, her eyes filled with disappointment—mirroring my sister’s look when a trip is canceled.
“Wait,” I claimed, grabbing Maya’s arm. She shrank back, but I pressed on: “What if we tell the story without VR ” For a moment, she stared, then nodded sharply. Stepping to the stage edge, I said, “This forest isn’t just code. It’s a real home where owls nest...” My voice cracked, but words poured out—about drying rivers, about birds losing habitats.
命题预测
When I finished, the auditorium fell silent. Suddenly the girl rose to her feet, with her sneakers making a sharp noise: “Instead of a virtual forest, can we plant a real tree ” The audience laughed softly, and judges exchanged nods. Maya’s hand found mine, steady and warm. Though the VR failed, a definite idea had taken root.
注意:
(1)续写词数应为150个左右;
(2)请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
The crowd’s laughter faded as the head judge stood up, microphone in hand.
_________________________________________________________________________Two weeks later, volunteers arrived at the school with gardening tools and young trees.
_________________________________________________________________________
命题预测
【参考范文】
The crowd’s laughter faded as the head judge stood up, microphone in hand. “What an inspiring idea!” he exclaimed. “Though your VR project faced setbacks, your passion for the environment truly shines. We can turn this virtual failure into a real - world success.” He proposed that the school initiate a tree - planting project. The audience burst into applause, and excitement filled the air. Maya and I exchanged excited glances, our disappointment replaced by newfound determination.
Two weeks later, volunteers arrived at the school with gardening tools and young trees. Students from different grades gathered, eager to contribute. Maya and I led the way, showing others how to dig holes and plant saplings. The girl with the stuffed owl was there, her eyes bright with enthusiasm. As we watered the newly - planted trees, we knew that our message about protecting the environment had truly taken hold. What started as a VR disaster had blossomed into a meaningful movement to make our world greener.
命题预测
考向2冰箱里的春天
(2025·全国天域名校协作体高三试题)阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The Popsicle Kids
A nearly empty box of Popsicles (棒冰) in the freezer, left from a grandchild’s visit, caught my attention. Initially, I wanted to throw it away, but my wife suggested we give the remaining Popsicles to the neighborhood children. Her suggestion changed our life and led us to a future full of “Popsicle Kids.”
My wife and I, retired on Social Security, live in an apartment complex. After careers in sales and nursing, our daily concerns revolved around aches, pains, and dinner. We often wondered what good we were to the world.
That changed dramatically after we gave away the first Popsicle.
Minutes after watching a neighbor boy, a second grader, walk away with an icy treat, our doorbell rang. An adorable blond girl, about six, smiled sweetly, “Is it true you’re giving away Popsicles ”
命题预测
With the box empty, we returned to our concerns.
Early the next morning, the doorbell rang repeatedly. Standing on our porch were the four children from the previous day. They vocalized their wants, chanting (有节奏地喊), “We want Popsicles! We want Popsicles!”
Looking into their eager young faces, I wondered, “What have I started ” Sensing a victory, they nodded eagerly when I explained the rules: ring the bell once, one Popsicle per day, and share something good about their day. But their thin shoulders bent downwards in disappointment when I mentioned they had to give something in return. I came to the rescue, suggesting they share something positive about their day, like what they learned at school or helping another student. Over time, new rules were added: “Ladies first,” “Don’t interrupt,” and “Properly get rid of the sticks.”
On holidays, they expressed their understanding of why the day was celebrated. Over the years, about fifty youngsters visited. Some became part of my life, like the four kids who joined me on the steps one spring to read “Where the Red Fern Grows.” We discussed catching crawfish, loving pets, and family relationships. This simple act of sharing Popsicles transformed our life, bringing joy and meaning to both the children and ourselves.
命题预测
注意:
1. 续写词数应为150个左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
One night, another boy appeared at the door, saying “I don’t want a Popsicle; I just need to talk.” ______________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________
I’ve sensed it’s more than Popsicles that bring these kids to our door.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
命题预测
【参考范文】
One night, another boy appeared at the door, saying “I don’t want a Popsicle; I just need to talk.” It amazed me that the little kid was eager to talk to an old man. The boy complained his sister always bossed him around , which made him very ing up to the boy, I touched his head gently, and told him to take care of his own thing without being told, and his sister’s problem would be solved. He wasn’t smiling when he left, but I think he had a better understanding of his role in the family.
I’ve sensed it’s more than Popsicles that bring these kids to our door. Sometimes, they’re more eager to share that they are not understanding an assignment or that they’re being bullied. The “Popsicle Kids” have given me a new sense of purpose. We’ve dried tears, broken up fights and hopefully been another source of love in their lives. And, just maybe, we’ve helped establish some positive attitudes they can use throughout their lives. Our lives are now full once more. What we receive from these kids is worth far more than the cost of a few treats.
命题预测
考向3冰河卫士——我的守护犬叫“熊”
(2025·浙江省名校协作体)阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Bear was not a bear. She was a big dog on the Perkinses' family farm, a woolly creature with floppy ears and paws like bedroom slippers. She protected the ducks and chickens from being eaten by foxes and raccoons(浣熊).
She guarded the children as well, watching over them as closely as she did the chickens and ducks. In winter the dog ran alongside the children as they sledded (滑雪橇) down snowy hills. In summer she swam with them in a nearby river.
Bear belonged to a breed(品种) that had long been used by Atlantic fishermen to help with their work, and it had a keen instinct for water rescue. When the children were in the river, the dog would swim in circles around them, barking when she felt they went out too far. She was the perfect farm dog—— companion, guardian, protector.
The dog's favorite among the three children was three-year-old little Mike. They often curled up together. Sometimes Bear would doze while Mike pretended to read to her. Often both were sound asleep, a tangle of dark fur, blond hair, small hands and huge paws. At bedtime, Mike saved his last hug for Bear, his “best friend”.
命题预测
On a cold winter day, when their parents went out to send a parcel, eight-year-old Martha, seven-year-old Sara and Mike, went to slide on the frozen pond of their farm. Shouting happily, they slid back and forth, their boots gliding easily across the ice. They laughed as they watched Bear's attempts to stop suddenly, which would instead send her skidding beyond them. Then, tired, the three sat down on the ice, with Bear beside them. Suddenly the ice gave way under their combined weight.
As Bear jumped for shore, the three children fell into the freezing cold water. Screaming, Martha and Sarah struggled to find footing on rocks underwater. Branches from a tree nearby provided handholds, and using every bit of their strength, the two girls pulled themselves to shore.
注意:(1)续写词数应为150左右:
(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Looking back, they saw little Mike holding on to a broken chunk(大块) office, unable to crawl onto it. ________________________________________________________________
Seeing that, Bear let out a series of woofs and jumped into the water; heading straight for Mike.______________________________________________________________________
命题预测
【参考范文】
Looking back, they saw little Mike holding on to a broken chunk of ice, unable to crawl onto it. Panic slammed into Martha and Sara like a hammer; their breaths came in harsh clouds as the wind howled across the pond. “Mike, keep your arms up—— don't let go!” Martha shouted, her voice cracking with fear she tried to hide. Yet the boy's lips were turning a frightening shade of blue, and water sloshed over his boots each time the ice tilted. The sisters clung to a low branch, but the thought of re-entering the frigid hole was unbearable. With no adults in sight and daylight fading, the brittle silence of the farm suddenly felt enormous.
Seeing that, Bear let out a series of woofs and jumped into the water, heading straight for Mike. Powerful strokes sliced the surface as spray flew from her coat, each kick driving the dog closer to the terrified child. When she reached him, she circled once, nudging his arm with her nose until Mike's arms slid over her broad shoulders. Instinct took over. Gripping his jacket between her teeth, she turned toward shore and began towing her passenger. Martha and Sara lay flat on the ice, stretching a long branch. The moment Bear's paws scraped frozen ground, the girls hauled the boy and the dog together, collapsing in a trembling heap of relief.(共133张PPT)
考点一 建议与投诉
考点二 邀请与道歉
真题动向 新情境(2023年全国I&II卷);新动向(2025年北京卷)等
必备知识 知识1建议信常用表达 知识2 投诉信常用表达
命题预测 考向1 前沿主题建议信——人工智能时代青少年精神家园的守护
考向2 现象剖析与行动倡议型建议信——从“问题发现者”到“行动倡议者”
考向3 责任升级型投诉——从“个人维权”到“团队权益捍卫者”
考向4 流程优化型投诉——针对系统性问题的分析与建议
真题动向 新情境(2022年北京卷);新动向(2021年北京卷)等
必备知识 知识1 邀请信常用表达 知识2 道歉信常用表达
命题预测 考向1 社会责任主题邀请信——绿色生活理念的校园实践引领
考向2 公共安全主题道歉信——特殊情境下服务承诺的柔性延续
考向3 跨文化主题应变信——国际交流中的危机应对与协作创新
析·考情精解
01
构·知能架构
02
破·考点攻坚
03
考点三 咨询与回复
考点四 申请与推荐
考点五 求助与安慰
考点六 感谢、祝贺与分享
真题动向 新情境(2025年全国II卷);新动向(2018年全国I卷)等
必备知识 知识1咨询信常用表达 知识2 回复信常用表达
命题预测 考向1 数字素养主题咨询信——信息时代批判性思维的培养
考向2 心理健康主题求助信——青少年心理危机中的同伴支持
考向3 文化传播主题回复信——中华传统智慧的国际传播
析·考情精解
01
构·知能架构
02
破·考点攻坚
03
剖析考情动向 精研考点分布
析·考情精解
part one
01
析·考情精解
命题轨迹透视
近三年(2023-2025)的高考英语应用文写作呈现出 “稳中有变,贴近生活,强调思辨,突出交际” 的鲜明特点。命题始终围绕“立德树人”的根本任务,引导学生关注校园生活、社会发展和国家成就,在真实的交际情境中考查学生的语言综合运用能力。
1. 体裁稳定,书信体占绝对主导,发言/征文紧随其后。
(1)书信体是绝对主力:建议信、咨询信、邀请信、申请信、告知信、推荐信等轮番登场。这充分体现了应用文的“实际应用”属性,考查学生在特定人际关系(如师生、朋友、笔友)中完成交际任务的能力。
(2)发言稿/演讲稿地位稳固:通常与学校活动、主题演讲挂钩,如“低碳校园”、“Be smart online learners”。这考查学生的公开表达能力与逻辑组织能力。
(3)征文投稿持续热门:作为书面形式的延伸,征文要求学生对某一主题(如历史人物、学习技能、地方介绍)进行成文论述,兼具应用文和议论文/记叙文的特点。
2.命题形式:提纲类一统天下,图标类偶有出现
(1)提纲类(文字提示)是绝对主流:表格中除2024年全国甲卷外,全部为提纲类命题。这保证了考试的公平性,所有学生都在相同的要点框架下发挥。
(2)图标/图表类偶有考查:如2024年全国甲卷的“Development of Transport in China”,需要学生具备初步的图表描述和数据引用能力。虽然不常考,但这是未来命题的一个潜在方向,需引起注意。
析·考情精解
命题轨迹透视
3. 话题内容:从“小我”到“大我”,情境真实多元
话题演变轨迹清晰可见,体现了对学生综合素养的考查:
(1)聚焦校园生活(“小我”视角):
这是最基础、最常考的话题。如:课堂经历(2024新高考美术课)、校园活动(2023北京卷“绿色北京”社团)、学习技能(2023全国乙卷)、校园设施使用(2022浙江卷小组学习室)。
趋势:从简单的活动描述,转向对校园现象的思考与建议(如2025浙江卷1月对“手机拍摄短视频”发表看法)。
(2)关注社会热点与公民责任(“社会”视角):
命题巧妙地将社会议题融入写作。如:环保主题(2024天津卷“低碳校园”、2023北京卷“绿色北京”)、网络学习(2021全国乙卷“Be smart online learners”)、文化交流(2022浙江卷1月文化节)。
趋势:引导学生不再是旁观者,而是积极的参与者、倡议者和践行者。
(3)弘扬传统文化与国家成就(“大我”视角):
这是近年来非常突出的命题方向,凸显文化自信。如:介绍中国历史人物(2023全国甲卷)、描述中国交通发展(2024全国甲卷)、推荐中国地点(2021天津卷)、介绍中国发展成就(2024北京卷)。
趋势:写作成为讲好中国故事、传播中国声音的载体。学生需要积累相关话题的词汇和素材。
析·考情精解
命题轨迹透视
(4)强调思辨与选择(“思维”视角):
出现需要学生做出选择并阐述理由的题目,这是难度和区分度的提升。如2025年全国一卷要求在外教提供的两个选项中做出选择。这考查了学生的批判性思维和决策能力。
4. 交际对象与目的日益明确
命题不再是为写而写,而是设置了非常具体的“读者”和“目的”。
对象明确:外教、外国朋友、社团成员、校友、征文评委等。
目的清晰:是为了说服、建议、邀请、咨询、告知还是申请?
影响:这要求学生在写作时必须具备强烈的“读者意识”,根据不同的交际对象调整语言的正式程度和语气。例如,给好友的建议信可以更随意亲切,而申请信或发言稿则需要更正式、严谨。
析·考情精解
考点频次总结
文体 2025年 2024年 2023年
建议信、告知信、建议信 全国一卷 新高考I和II卷 新高考全国卷
咨询信、发言稿、征文投稿 全国二卷 全国甲卷 全国甲卷、乙卷
发言稿、发言稿、征文投稿 浙江卷1月 北京卷 浙江卷1月
建议信、发言稿 北京卷 天津卷 北京卷
推荐信、发言稿、申请信 天津卷 浙江卷1月 天津卷
析·考情精解
2026命题预测
1. 价值引领,隐性渗透:命题将继续在真实情境中融入社会主义核心价值观、中华优秀传统文化和生态文明理念,实现“润物细无声”的育人效果。
2. 情境更真实,任务更具体:像2025年的“二选一”任务、2024年的“公园美术课”等,情境都源于学生可能经历或想象的现实片段。未来可能会出现更多需要学生处理具体问题、表达个人观点的题目。
3. 综合能力要求更高:单纯的描述已不够用。学生需要具备概括现象、分析问题、提出建议、阐述理由、表达观点的综合能力。征文类题目实际上是小型的议论文或记叙文。
4. 传统文化与跨文化交际仍是重点:向外国友人介绍中国,或参与国际交流活动(如联合国倡议、中国工坊)的主题,会持续受到青睐。
构·知能架构
part two
02
搭建知识网络 整合能力体系
构·知能架构
破·考点攻坚
part three
03
破解考点规律 攻克解题难关
考点一 建议与投诉
真题动向
1. (2023年全国I&II卷)假定你是李华,外教Ryan准备将学生随机分为两人一组,让大家课后练习口语,你认为这样分组存在问题。请你给外教写一封邮件,内容包括;
(1)说明问题;
(2)提出建议。
注意:
(1)写作词数应为80左右:
(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Ryan,
I’m Li Hua from Class ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Ryan,
I’m Li Hua from Class 3. I think it’s not a good idea to randomly pair up students for the spoken English training after class. The reasons are as follows.
To begin with, randomly pairing up students may lead to unbalanced language abilities within the groups. This can hinder the progress of students as the more advanced one may dominate the conversation, leaving little room for the other students to improve. Besides, students may feel uncomfortable or less motivated if paired with someone who they don’t get along with or have difficulty communicating with.
My suggestion is to group students based on their language abilities or to let students choose their own partners. This way, everyone can feel more comfortable practicing and improving their spoken English together.
Thank you for considering my suggestion.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
考点一 建议与投诉
真题动向
传统情境:外教问“怎么分组好?” → 你直接给出方案(如按水平分)。
本题情境:外教已经给出了他的方案(随机分),而你的首要任务是先说服他,这个方案有问题。这是一个关键的思维转变。
写信时,需要有策略地回复。你不能直接说“你的想法很糟糕”。你要先礼貌地肯定其初衷,然后分点阐述,最后给出替代方案,这是一种沟通策略。
这道题本身就是对传统建议信的一次革新。传统的建议信是“对方求助,我给方案”。此题的考查角度则强调在复杂情境中,进行有策略、有深度、有温度的说服。
新情境
新考法
新角度
考点一 建议与投诉
真题动向
1. (2025年北京卷)假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。联合国正面向全球青少年开展倡议征集活动。你的外国好友Jim打算参加,为此发来邮件,就倡议内容询问你的建议。请你用英文给他回复,内容包括:
(1)提出的建议;
(2)建议的理由。
提示词:倡议proposal
注意:
(1)词数100左右;
(2)开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
考点一 建议与投诉
真题动向
Dear Jim,
I’m glad to hear you’re participating in the UN Proposal Campaign! Here are my suggestions.
First, focus on climate changes. Rising temperatures and extreme weather affect everyone, especially the youth. You could propose global school programs to teach eco-friendly habits like recycling or planting trees. Such initiatives empower students to drive change locally.
Second, advocate mental health support. Academic pressure is widespread. Suggest establishing online platforms where teens can share stories and access professional guidance. This builds a supportive community across borders.
Both topics address urgent global issues and highlight youth’s role in solving them. I believe your voice will resonate!
Best wishes,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
考生需要具备作为全球公民的视野、情怀、思维深度与价值判断力。
未来的题目可能会进一步强化这种“顾问”或“专家”角色。
新考法
新角度
考点一 建议与投诉
真题动向
这道题看似是一封非常标准的建议信,但它内嵌了几个超越传统的 “新动向”。
动向一:身份角色的升维——从“学生”到“全球公民顾问”
是最核心的动向。这道题实现了考生身份角色的三重跨越:
(1)从“个人”到“代表者”:你不再仅仅代表自己(李华),你潜意识里被要求代表中国青少年发声。你的建议需要体现中国青年的全球视野和担当。
(2)从“被动应答者”到“主动建言者”:情境是Jim向你“询问”,但内容要求你“提出建议”。这要求你的思维不是封闭的,而是开放的、创造性的,需要你构想出一个有价值的、可行的全球性倡议。
(3)从“文化接受者”到“理念输出者”:传统的信常是向外国朋友介绍中国文化(单向输出)。而这封信要求你针对全球性议题(如气候变化、心理健康、教育公平等)提出中国方案、青年方案。这是一种思想和理念的输出。
新动向
考点一 建议与投诉
真题动向
动向二:建议内容的转向——从“具体事务”到“宏大叙事”
传统建议信多围绕校园生活(如选课、活动策划)等具体、微观的事务。而此题将议题直接拉升到“联合国倡议”的层面。
这要求学生的知识储备不能再局限于校园围墙之内,必须关注社会、科技、环境、全球治理等宏大议题,并能够将其转化为青年可以参与的、具体的行动方案。
动向三:价值锚点的深化——从“解决问题”到“构建意义”
这道题的建议理由,不能只停留在“它有用”的功利层面,必须深入到“它为何重要”的价值层面。
表层理由(解决问题):“因为气候变化很严重,所以我们要环保。”(这不够深刻)
深层理由(构建意义):“聚焦气候变化,因为它关乎代际公平,我们青年是未来最主要的承担者,我们的行动不仅是为了当下,更是为了捍卫未来世代生存与发展的权利。通过全球学校的环保教育,能从小培养人类命运共同体的意识。”
这要求写作具备一定的哲学思辨和人文关怀,能为你的建议找到崇高的、普世的价值观支撑。
必备知识
1.开头段:阐明来意
I am writing to offer some suggestions on...我写这封信是想就……提出一些建议。
I am writing to share my thoughts about...我写这封信是想分享我对……的看法。
Regarding your inquiry about..., I'd like to make a few recommendations.关于您咨询的……,我想提出几点建议。
Having heard about the situation with..., I feel compelled to offer some advice.听闻关于……的情况,我觉得有必要提供一些建议。
2.主体段:提出建议并阐述理由
提出建议的万能句式:
It would be highly advisable to...……是非常可取的。
I highly recommend that you...我强烈建议您……
Perhaps you could consider...或许您可以考虑……
Another viable option would be to...另一个可行的方案是……
If I were you, I would...如果我是你,我会……
知识1 建议信常用表达
考点一 建议与投诉
必备知识
阐述理由的万能句式:
The primary reason is that...主要原因是……
This approach, I believe, would...我相信,这个方法将会……
The advantage of this is twofold: firstly,..., and secondly,...这样做的好处是双重的:第一,……;第二,……
By doing this, you can not only... but also...通过这样做,你不仅可以……,还能……
This would be an effective way to address the issue of...这将是解决……问题的一个有效方法。
3. 结尾段:期待与祝愿
I hope you will find these proposals/suggestions useful.我希望您觉得这些提议/建议有用。
I trust that you will take my advice into serious consideration.我相信您会认真考虑我的建议。
Please do not hesitate to contact me if you need any further information.如果您需要更多信息,请随时与我联系。
I am looking forward to seeing positive changes.我期待看到积极的变化。
考点一 建议与投诉
必备知识
1. 开头段:表明身份和投诉事由
I am writing to express my strong dissatisfaction with...
我写这封信是为了表达我对……的强烈不满。
I am writing to complain about the poor quality of...
我写此信是为了投诉……的低劣质量。
I regret to inform you that I am deeply disappointed by...
我遗憾地通知您,我对……感到非常失望。
My name is... and I am a customer of yours. I am writing in regard to...
我是您的一位顾客,我写这封信是关于……
知识2 投诉信常用表达
考点一 建议与投诉
必备知识
2. 主体段:描述问题及其后果
描述问题:
To my great disappointment, I found that...令我大失所望的是,我发现……
The main problem is that...主要问题是……
Upon using the product, I noticed that it was faulty.一经使用,我发现产品有瑕疵。
What greatly upset me was the rude attitude of your staff member.最让我不满的是您员工的粗鲁态度。
说明后果:
This has caused me significant inconvenience.这给我带来了极大的不便。
As a result, I was unable to...结果,我未能……
This situation has led to considerable frustration on my part.这种情况让我感到非常沮丧。
It has not only wasted my money but also my time.这既浪费了我的金钱,也浪费了我的时间。
考点一 建议与投诉
必备知识
3. 结尾段:提出解决方案并表明期望
提出诉求:
I would appreciate it if you could...如果您能……,我将不胜感激。
To resolve this issue, I believe a full refund/an immediate replacement is necessary.
为了解决这个问题,我认为全额退款/立即换货是必要的。
I strongly demand that you look into this matter and provide me with a satisfactory explanation.我强烈要求您调查此事并给我一个满意的解释。
设定期限(如需):
I look forward to your reply and a resolution to my problem within... days.
我期待您在……天内的回复和解决方案。
I hope to hear from you at your earliest convenience.我希望您能尽快回复。
警告(慎用,仅在问题严重时):
Unless I receive a satisfactory response, I may have to consider other actions, such as reporting to the consumer protection agency. 除非我收到满意的答复,否则我可能不得不考虑其他行动,例如向消协投诉。
考点一 建议与投诉
关键能力
考点一 建议与投诉
能力1 能否清晰分析问题,并提出具体、可行、有说服力的解决方案。理由需要分层、有逻辑。(建议信)
例如:(2025年北京卷):你需要在“气候变化”、“心理健康”等宏大主题中,构思出具体的、青少年可以参与的倡议内容(如提议“全球学校环保教育”),并说明其价值和可行性。
能力2 语言得体与说服能力。(建议信)
根据对象(如朋友、老师、校长)调整语气。对朋友可亲切,对师长需礼貌尊重。使用委婉语(如 Perhaps you could consider..., It might be better to...)来增强说服力。
能力3 客观陈述与事实梳理能力。(投诉信)
能冷静、清晰、准确地描述问题本身,包括时间、地点、人物、事件。避免情绪化,用事实说话。如投诉购买的书籍缺页。你需要准确写出书籍名称、购买时间地点、缺页的具体页码,而不是仅仅说“这本书质量太差了”。
关键能力
考点一 建议与投诉
能力4 因果分析与后果说明能力。(投诉信)
能说明问题带来的具体后果和造成的不便,将问题与后果紧密联系,以强调解决问题的必要性。如书籍缺页导致你无法完成作业,影响了学习。这就是一个直接的因果链条。
能力5 逻辑严谨与诉求明确能力。(投诉信)
提出的解决方案(如退款、换货、道歉)必须清晰、具体、合理。诉求要与问题的严重性相匹配。因为书籍缺页,你“要求换货”是合理的;但若因此“要求巨额赔偿”则不合理。
命题预测
考向 1 前沿主题建议信——人工智能时代青少年精神家园的守护
考点一 建议与投诉
1. 假设你是某国际青年组织的中国区成员李华。该组织计划发布一份关于“人工智能时代如何保护青少年精神家园”的白皮书,现向全体成员征集核心建议。请你撰写一份提案,内容包括:
(1)你认为白皮书最应关注的核心问题是什么?
(2)针对该问题,提出一项关键行动倡议并阐述其价值。
注意:
(1)词数应为80左右;
(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
To the Organizing Committee,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
To the Organizing Committee,
I believe the white paper should focus on a key problem: AI may limit the information that teenagers see, creating a “closed-online world” that prevents them from thinking independently.
To solve this, I propose the "Smart Internet Use" program. We can create school workshops and an online club where students learn to evaluate online information and engage in respectful debates.
This project is very important. It helps young people use the Internet in a wise and brave way. It not only protects their minds but also helps them build a richer and healthier inner world, which is good for their growth.
Yours,
Li Hua
命题预测
考点一 建议与投诉
高级词汇与短语:
focus on a key problem(聚焦核心问题)
prevents... from thinking independently(阻碍……独立思考)
propose(提议,比 suggest 更正式)
evaluate online information(评估网络信息)- 比 check information 更专业。
engage in respectful debates(参与尊重的辩论)- 体现了批判性思维和交流技巧。
protects their minds(保护他们的思想)
build a richer and healthier inner world(构建更丰富、健康的内在世界)- 表达优美且深刻。
有效的句式结构:
现在分词作状语:..., creating a “closed-online world”... 使句子更紧凑。
定语从句:...a “closed-online world” that prevents them... 丰富了句子层次。
非限制性定语从句:..., which is good for their growth. 用于补充说明,使行文流畅。
考向 2 现象剖析与行动倡议型建议信——从“问题发现者”到“行动倡议者”
2. 假设你是校英文报的编辑李华。你注意到许多同学在英语学习中过度依赖翻译软件,导致独立思考能力下降。请你给全校同学写一封公开信,发表在报纸上,内容包括:
(1)分析过度依赖翻译软件的危害;
(2)提出“善用而非依赖”智能工具的倡议及具体行动建议。
注意:
(1)词数应为80左右;
(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Schoolmates,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
考点一 建议与投诉
【参考范文】
Dear Schoolmates,
I've noticed that many of us immediately turn to translation apps for unfamiliar English words. While helpful, over-reliance on them does more harm than we realize.
The core harm is the weakening of our independent thinking in English. True language learning happens through struggle and discovery, but this passive habit will ultimately hold us back from achieving real fluency and confidence.
Thus, I propose we adopt two simple practices. First, follow the “Think First, Translate Second” rule: always guess a word’s meaning from context before resorting to an app. Second, let‘s initiate a weekly “15-Minute No-Translation Challenge” in class, communicating solely in English without digital aid.
Let’s use smart tools to assist our learning, not replace our thinking!
Yours,
Li Hua
命题预测
命题预测
考点一 建议与投诉
高级词汇与短语:
turn to (求助于):比 use 更生动,体现依赖性。
over-reliance (过度依赖):名词形式,比 rely too much on 更正式、简洁。
does more harm than we realize (危害比我们意识到的更大):地道短语,用于引起警醒,说服力强。
weakening of our independent thinking (削弱我们的独立思考):准确描述危害的本质。
hold us back from... (阻碍我们...):形象有力,强调其负面阻碍作用。
achieving real fluency and confidence (获得真正的流利与自信):achieve 比 get 更显成果来之不易。
adopt two simple practices (采取两项简单的做法)
initiate (发起):比 start 或 have 更正式、主动。
digital aid (数字辅助):对“翻译软件”更概括和高级的说法。
assist our learning, not replace our thinking (辅助学习,而非替代思考)
命题预测
考点一 建议与投诉
有效的句式结构:
现象描述与转折句式:“I’ve noticed that... While helpful, ... does more harm than we realize.” 先陈述现象,再让步承认其有限益处,最后强力转折,逻辑严谨。
提出倡议的统领句:“Thus, I propose we adopt two simple practices.” Thus 承上启下,propose 正式,simple practices 降低行动门槛。
强有力的祈使句与对比结构结尾:“Let’s use smart tools to assist our learning, not replace our thinking!” 以 Let's 呼吁行动,并用 assist... not replace... 的对比精炼概括全文核心,铿锵有力。
考向 3 责任升级型投诉——从“个人维权”到“团队权益捍卫者”
3. 假设你是某国际志愿者团队的负责人李华。你的团队通过一家国际旅行社预订了一次文化考察活动。但到达后,你们发现接待标准与合同严重不符,承诺的专家讲座取消,住宿条件恶劣,这打乱了你们所有的学习计划。请你给该旅行社的客户经理写一封投诉信,内容包括:
(1)陈述事实与问题;
(2)说明此事对你团队造成的具体影响;
(3)提出你的解决方案与诉求。
注意:
(1)词数应为80左右;
(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Customer Service Manager,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Li Hua
考点一 建议与投诉
命题预测
【参考范文】
Dear Customer Service Manager,
My name is Li Hua, the leader of an international volunteer team. I am writing to express our strong disappointment with the cultural tour provided by your company. The services we received were very different from what was promised in our contract.
The main problems were as follows. First, the expert lecture, which was a key part of our schedule, was canceled without any early notice. Second, the living conditions were much worse than described. The air conditioning was broken, and the rooms were not clean, which made us worried about our health.
This situation has seriously affected our study plan and caused great trouble for our whole team. It has hurt the main goal of our educational trip.
To solve this problem, we believe it is fair to ask for a partial refund of 50% of the tour cost for the services we did not receive. We would also appreciate a formal written apology from your company. We look forward to your reply within seven days.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
考点一 建议与投诉
命题预测
命题预测
考点一 建议与投诉
高级词汇与短语:
express our strong disappointment (表达我们强烈的失望):正式且有力地表达不满情绪,比 we are very unhappy 更专业。
provided by your company (由贵公司提供):正式书面语,准确指明责任方。
differ from what was promised (与承诺不符):客观中肯地陈述违约事实,为后续投诉奠定基础。
as follows (如下):用于列举前的标准引述,使行文严谨。
a key part of our schedule (我们行程的关键部分):强调被取消活动的重要性,凸显问题的严重性。
without any early notice (未经任何提前通知):直接点出对方程序上的过失,加强指责的合理性。
living conditions (居住条件):对“住宿”的正式表述。
much worse than described (比描述的差很多):清晰直接地对比承诺与现实。
seriously affected (严重影响):点明后果的严重程度。
the main goal of our educational trip (我们教育之旅的主要目标):将问题影响拔高到活动核心目的受损的层面。
partial refund (部分退款):准确提出经济赔偿诉求的专业术语。
We would appreciate (我们将不胜感激):提出诉求时非常得体、标准的礼貌用语。
a formal written apology (正式的书面道歉):明确要求对方在声誉和态度上承担责任。
look forward to your reply (期待您的回复):礼貌但施加压力的标准结尾语。
命题预测
考点一 建议与投诉
有效的句式结构:
开篇点明身份与事由:
“My name is... I am writing to express our strong disappointment with...” 作用:开门见山,表明写信人身份、写信目的及严重程度,符合正式投诉信的规范。
清晰的问题列举结构:
“The main problems were as follows. First,... Second,...” 作用:使用 as follows 和序列词 (First, Second) 引导,使问题陈述条理清晰,证据确凿,让读者一目了然。
定语从句补充关键细节:
“...the expert lecture, which was a key part of our schedule, was canceled...” 作用:使用非限制性定语从句 (which was...) 插入解释,强调被取消环节的重要性,从而加重对方的违约责任。
并列结构与定语从句描述问题:
“...the living conditions were much worse... The air conditioning was broken, and the rooms were not clean, which made us worried about our health.” 作用:先用并列句 (and) 具体描述问题,再用定语从句 (which made...) 说明这些问题导致的直接后果(健康担忧),使论证层层深入。
客观陈述影响的因果链:
“This situation has seriously affected our study plan and caused great trouble for our whole team.” 作用:用 has seriously affected... and caused... 的并列谓语结构,清晰地阐述了事件造成的直接且严重的连锁影响。
提出解决方案的规范句式:
“To solve this problem, we believe it is fair to ask for...” 作用:用 To solve this problem 自然过渡,we believe it is fair 的表述既表明了立场又显得合情合理,而非无理取闹。
考向 4 流程优化型投诉——针对系统性问题的分析与建议
4. 假设你是一名留学生李华。你所在学校的线上选课系统存在严重漏洞:在选课开放时刻,系统会因流量过大而崩溃,导致许多学生无法选到心仪的课程。尽管多次向技术部门反映,问题仍未解决。请你给学校教务长写一封邮件,内容包括:
(1)清晰描述系统问题的现象与发生规律;
(2)说明该问题对学生学业规划造成的长期困扰;
注意:
(1)词数应为80左右;
(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
To the Academic Dean,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours respectfully,
Li Hua
考点一 建议与投诉
命题预测
【参考范文】
To the Academic Dean,
My name is Li Hua, an international student. I am writing to formally complain about the persistent failures of the online course selection system.
The problem is predictable: the system consistently crashes the moment course selection opens due to high traffic, making it impossible for us to enroll in classes.
This serious issue messes up our academic planning by preventing us from taking required courses, which could delay our graduation. It causes widespread frustration and anxiety among students.
For a fundamental solution, I suggest two approaches. Technically, please consider upgrading the servers or implementing a fair queueing system. From a management perspective, allowing students from different grades to choose courses at different times would be highly effective.
We earnestly hope you can prioritize this matter. Thank you.
Yours respectfully,
Li Hua
考点一 建议与投诉
命题预测
命题预测
考点一 建议与投诉
高级词汇与短语:
formally complain about (正式投诉):开宗明义,语气正式严肃,表明问题的严重性。
persistent failures (持续性的故障):persistent 一词精准描述了问题长期未解决的状态。
consistently crashes (持续崩溃):consistently 强化了系统不稳定的频率。
due to high traffic (由于高流量):使用技术术语客观指出问题根源,体现专业性。
enroll in classes (选修课程):比 choose courses 或 select classes 更正式的学术用语。
messes up our academic planning (打乱了我们的学业规划):mess up 在此语境中生动表达了带来的混乱。
widespread frustration and anxiety (普遍的沮丧与焦虑)
a fundamental solution (一个根本的解决方案):fundamental 表明诉求是彻底解决,而非临时修补。
implementing a fair queueing system (实施一个公平的排队系统)
from a management perspective (从管理角度):从另一维度提出解决方案,体现思考的全面性。
prioritize this matter (优先处理此事):明确提出核心诉求,用词精准得体。
命题预测
考点一 建议与投诉
有效的句式结构:
开门见山的自我介绍与投诉意图:“My name is Li Hua, an international student. I am writing to formally complain about...” 作用:符合正式邮件的规范,表明身份和严肃的写信目的。
现在分词作状语描述后果:“...making it impossible for us to enroll in classes.” 作用:现在分词短语 making... 作为结果状语,使句子紧凑,直接连接了“系统崩溃”与“无法选课”的因果关系。
分析影响的多重层次:“This serious issue messes up our academic planning..., which could delay our graduation. It causes widespread frustration and anxiety...” 作用:先指出对学业规划的具体影响,并用非限制性定语从句(which could...)点明最严重的后果(延迟毕业);再用独立句说明情绪影响,逻辑层层递进。
提出解决方案的严谨结构:“For a fundamental solution, I suggest two approaches. Technically, please consider... From a management perspective, ... would be highly effective.” 作用:使用 For... I suggest... 引出方案。通过 Technically (从技术角度) 和 From a management perspective (从管理角度) 清晰地分类阐述,结构严谨,体现了深思熟虑。
礼貌但有力的结尾呼吁:“We earnestly hope you can prioritize this matter. Thank you.” 作用:以 We earnestly hope 发出集体呼吁,prioritize 一词明确诉求,结尾礼貌致谢,符合书信礼仪。
考点二 邀请与道歉
真题动向
1. (2022年北京卷)假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你打算邀请英国好友Jim为你们班做一次关于英语写作的线上经验交流。请你用英文给他写一封电子邮件,内容包括:
1.建议交流的具体内容及其原因;
2.交流时间和其他相关事项。
注意:1.词数100左右;
2.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Jim,
How’s everything
I’m writing to invite you to give us an online talk on English writing. Our classmates seem to be weak in organisation. Would you please give us some suggestions on how to connect sentences logically, how to develop a paragraph, and how to structure an essay
The talk will last about an hour, and you can decide on a date at your convenience. Please let me know which platform you’ll use. It would be great if we could have a 10-minute question and answer session at the end of your talk.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
真题动向
命题解读 新情境:传统情境:与外国笔友的交流多停留在“文化交流”层面,如介绍中国节日、分享校园生活等。关系是“友伴型”的。
这篇写作不再是传统、模糊的“邀请朋友来做分享”,而是一个高度具体的、融合了当下教育趋势和社交模式的复合场景。
新考法:题目要求“建议交流的具体内容及其原因”。这迫使学生的写作思维必须向前延伸一步,不能只停留在“邀请”这个动作上,而要先进行“问题诊断”。
新角度:学生需要扮演一个“项目负责人”的角色。他必须先分析自己班级在英语写作上的具体痛点(如逻辑衔接、段落展开、文章结构),然后根据这些痛点,为受邀专家(Jim)精准定制演讲内容。这考查了学生的分析问题和解决问题的能力,而不仅仅是语言表达能力。
考点二 邀请与道歉
真题动向
考点二 邀请与道歉
2. (2021年北京卷)假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你和英国好友Jim原定本周末一起外出,你因故不能赴约。请你用英文给他写一封电子邮件,内容包括:
1.表达歉意并说明原因;
2.提出建议并给出理由。
注意:
1.词数100左右;
2.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Jim,
I’m sorry to inform you that I can’t go out with you this weekend. I’ve just been told that I have to go and visit my sick grandfather in the countryside, who was suddenly admitted to the hospital. I hope the change won’t cause you too much trouble.
How about going out next Saturday morning If it’s convenient for you, let’s meet at the school gate at 9: 00. Please let me know what time suits you best. I should be available anytime next weekend.
In addition, next Saturday, there will be a flower show in Beihai Park. Then we can go to see the flowers together.
I am looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
真题动向
命题解读 新动向:命题思路从考查“单一信息传递”转向考查“关系维护与事件补救”。学生不能仅仅做一个问题的“报告者”,而必须成为一个“解决者”。你的邮件目的不仅是通知Jim“约会取消了”,更是要修复因取消而可能带来的失望,并积极重建这次社交机会。这考查了学生的责任担当和积极解决问题的态度。
新考法:传统考法:写一封道歉信,核心是“道歉+解释原因”,任务即完成。
新考法体现:本题在要求1“表达歉意并说明原因”之后,紧接着要求2“提出建议并给出理由”。
新角度:范文给出的原因是“探望突然住院的祖父”。这并非随意选择,而是体现了命题的价值导向:鼓励学生关注家庭责任与亲情。一个出于“孝道”和“家庭紧急情况”的原因,比“我要补习”或“我有其他聚会”更具说服力,也更能获得对方的理解,从而让道歉显得真诚、无可指摘。这要求学生构思原因时,需考虑其合理性与正面价值。
考点二 邀请与道歉
真题动向
考点二 邀请与道歉
3. (2022年新高考全国I卷) 假定你是校广播站英语节目“Talk and Talk”的负责人李华,请给外教Caroline写邮件邀请她做一次访谈。内容包括:
1. 节目介绍;
2. 访谈的时间和话题。
注意:
1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Caroline,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Caroline,
I am writing to invite you to attend our program “Talk and Talk” in our school broadcasting station at 7:00 p.m. next Friday. The program with the theme “Culture differences” is intended to arouse students’ interest in different cultures especially western eating culture.
As our distinguished foreign language teacher, your opinion will be of great importance. In the program, you can communicate with our school students, which not only provides a platform for students to relieve their pressure and add spice to their dull routine, but also inspires their interest in western culture.
I’d appreciate it if you could spare your time to join us. An early reply about your final decision will be highly appreciated.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
必备知识
知识1 邀请信常用表达
1.开篇明义,直接邀请
基础表达:
I'm writing to invite you to... (我写信是想邀请您……)
I would like to invite you to... (我想邀请您……)
高级表达(点明价值/背景):
Given your expertise in..., I'm writing to sincerely invite you to... (鉴于您在……方面的专长,我写信诚挚地邀请您……) - 【体现“精准邀请”】
On behalf of our class, I'd like to invite you to give an online talk on... (代表我们班级,我想邀请您做一个关于……的线上讲座。) - 【体现正式性】
2. 阐述内容与原因
说明邀请的具体内容:
The topic/theme of your talk could be... (您讲座的主题可以是……)
Would you please share your insights on... (您能否分享关于……的见解?)
We are particularly interested in... (我们对……特别感兴趣。)
考点二 邀请与道歉
必备知识
考点二 邀请与道歉
解释邀请的原因(关键部分,展现“问题诊断”):
The reason for this invitation is that we find it challenging to... (发出此邀请的原因是,我们发现……很有挑战性。) - 【体现“需求分析”】
Many of us are struggling with... and we believe your experience could be of great help. (我们许多人在……方面有困难,我们相信您的经验会大有帮助。)
Your expertise in... would be immensely beneficial to us. (您在……方面的专业知识将使我们受益匪浅。)
3. 商定时间与安排
提供灵活时间(体现尊重):
The event would last for about... hours, and you can choose a time at your convenience. (活动将持续约……小时,您可以选择方便的时间。)- 【核心考法】
We are available on... Please let us know what time suits you best. (我们在……有空。请告知我们什么时间对您最合适。)
必备知识
考点二 邀请与道歉
商议平台与细节:
Please inform us of which online platform you prefer. (请告知我们您倾向使用哪个线上平台。)- 【线上情境必备】
We would be happy to arrange a brief rehearsal beforehand. (我们很乐意事先安排一个简短的排练。)
4. 结尾:表达期待
基础表达:
We are looking forward to your reply. (我们期待您的回复。)
高级表达(强化诚意):
We sincerely hope you can honor us with your presence. (我们诚挚地希望您能赏光。)
Thank you for considering our invitation. (感谢您考虑我们的邀请。)
必备知识
知识2 道歉信常用表达
1.开门见山,诚恳道歉
基础表达:
I'm writing to apologize for... (我写信是为……道歉。)
I'm terribly/awfully sorry that I cannot... (我非常抱歉我不能……)
高级表达(直接切入主题):
Please accept my sincerest apologies for having to cancel our plan. (请接受我最诚挚的歉意,因为我不得不取消我们的计划。)
I owe you a huge apology for... (我为……向你深表歉意。)
2. 解释原因(体现“价值导向”)
陈述客观原因:
Something unexpected has come up. (发生了一些意外情况。)
I have to... due to a family commitment. (由于家庭事务,我必须……)- 【推荐:合情合理】
I have just been informed that I must... (我刚接到通知,我必须……) - 【体现突发性与不可抗力】
考点二 邀请与道歉
必备知识
考点二 邀请与道歉
3.提出补救建议(关键部分,展现“建设性”)
提出具体、可替代方案:
I was wondering if we could postpone it to... (我在想我们是否能将其推迟到……) - 【体现协商】
How about we reschedule for... I'm free anytime on... (我们改到……怎么样?我在……全天都有空。) - 【体现灵活性】
为新方案增加吸引力(高分关键):
To make up for it, I'd like to... (作为补偿,我想……)
Coincidentally, there will be... at that time, so we could also... (碰巧的是,那时会有……,所以我们也可以……)
4. 再次致歉,请求谅解
基础表达:
Once again, I'm sorry for any inconvenience caused. (对于由此带来的任何不便,我再次表示歉意。)
I hope you can understand. (我希望你能理解。)
高级表达(体现真诚):
Thank you for your understanding and patience. (感谢您的理解与耐心。)
I really hope this change doesn't cause you too much trouble. (我真心希望这个变动不会给你带来太多麻烦。)
关键能力
能力1 在特定社会情境中,使用得体、恰当的语言进行有效交际的能力。
例如:邀请信(2022年北京卷)体现在以下几个方面:
尊重与礼貌:使用 Would you please..., at your convenience, I was wondering if... 等委婉、商量的语气,而非命令式口吻。
角色意识:对朋友、老师、专家等不同对象,采用不同的正式程度和措辞。
文化意识:为对方考虑时间、平台选择等细节,符合国际交往的通用礼仪。
道歉信(2021年北京卷)体现在以下几个方面:
真诚与谦逊:开篇即明确道歉,使用 sincerely, awfully 等副词加强歉意。
责任担当:清晰说明原因,但不推诿责任,句式主语多为“I”。
共情能力:能预见到自己的行为(如取消约会)可能给对方带来的不便或失望 (I hope the change won't cause you too much trouble)。
考点二 邀请与道歉
关键能力
能力2 逻辑思辨能力。
这是指分析问题、构建清晰逻辑链条,并有效组织信息的能力。它要求学生写作有清晰的“为什么”。
邀请信体现:
问题诊断:不能空泛地邀请,必须先精准定位自身需求(如“我们不擅长文章结构”),从而让邀请内容有的放矢。
因果逻辑:在“建议内容”和“说明原因”之间建立强因果关系。例如:“因为我们句子衔接不好,所以想请您讲讲如何逻辑衔接。”
全局规划:对活动的时长、流程(如包含Q&A环节)、技术细节有通盘考虑。
道歉信体现:
因果陈述:对“取消原因”的解释必须合理、可信,且与“无法赴约”构成直接的因果关系。
方案可行性:提出的补救建议必须是具体、可行、且对对方有吸引力的,而不是空头支票。
推理过程:整个信件构成一个完整的逻辑链:道歉 → 解释(原因) → 提出新方案(弥补) → 阐述新方案的好处(说服)。
考点二 邀请与道歉
关键能力
能力3 情感共情能力。
这是指设身处地理解他人感受,并做出恰当情感回应的能力。它让文字变得有温度。
邀请信体现:
价值给予:在邀请时,始终思考“对方能从中得到什么?”(如被认可的成就感),并在语言中体现对对方价值的尊重 (Your expertise would be immensely beneficial)。
减轻对方负担:主动提出由对方决定时间、平台,并表达感谢,体谅对方的忙碌。
道歉信体现:
情感补偿:道歉的核心是修复关系。仅仅解释原因是不够的,必须通过提出诱人的新计划(如“去看花展”)来补偿对方失落的情感。
换位思考:能预想到对方为原计划所做的准备可能白费,并在语言中体现对这种付出的认可和歉意。
考查本质:学生的写作是冷冰冰的“事务处理”,还是充满人情味的“情感交流与关系维护”。
考点二 邀请与道歉
关键能力
能力4 情境应对能力。
这是指在复杂的、真实的交际情境中,综合运用以上所有能力,完成交际任务的能力。
共同体现:
处理多重要素:无论是邀请信中的“线上交流”、“跨国好友”、“班级学情”,还是道歉信中的“家庭突发”、“重新规划”,学生都需要统筹所有给定信息,构建一个完整、自洽的交际场景。
完成交际闭环:信件不能戛然而止,必须推动事件向前发展(如期待回复、确认新计划),形成一个有效的沟通循环。
考查本质:学生能否将一个作文题目,还原并演绎成一个真实的、有始有终的生活事件,展现出作为社会人的综合素养。
考点二 邀请与道歉
考向 1 社会责任主题邀请信——绿色生活理念的校园实践引领
1. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你校将举办“绿色校园”主题活动,希望邀请环保专家做线上指导。请你用英文给“Green Future”机构的Dr. Smith写一封邮件,内容包括:
(1)表达邀请意愿并说明同学们在践行环保时的具体困惑;
(2)建议工作坊的重点内容(如:旧物改造)并说明其意义;
(3)商议合适时间。
注意:
(1)词数应为80左右;
(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Dr. Smith,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Dr. Smith,
My name is Li Hua, a student from Hongxing High School. I am writing to sincerely invite you to conduct an online workshop for our upcoming “Green Campus” initiative.
While we are enthusiastic about environmental protection, many of us feel unsure about how to take effective action. We would be truly grateful if you could demonstrate some practical skills, such as creatively repurposing used items. Your guidance would undoubtedly motivate us to contribute more actively to a sustainable campus.
The workshop is scheduled for 90 minutes. Would it be possible for you to suggest a suitable time We are flexible and eagerly await your response.
Yours,
Li Hua
命题预测
考点二 邀请与道歉
命题预测
高级词汇与短语:
sincerely invite(诚挚邀请)- 比简单说“invite”更显诚恳正式。
conduct an online workshop(进行线上工作坊)- 比“give a talk”更专业。
take effective action(采取有效行动)- 精准描述需求。
creatively repurposing used items(创意改造旧物)- 具体且有创造性的表达。
contribute more actively to a sustainable campus(为可持续校园更积极地贡献力量)- 体现社会责任感与行动目标。
有效的句式结构:
状语从句开篇:While we are enthusiastic about... 在承认积极性的同时引出问题,使逻辑更严谨。
虚拟语气提出请求:We would be truly grateful if you could... 使语气非常委婉和尊重,是提出请求的高分句式。
结尾的开放式问句:Would it be possible for you to... 在商议时间时充分尊重对方,体现良好的交际策略。
考点二 邀请与道歉
考向 2 公共安全主题道歉信——特殊情境下服务承诺的柔性延续
2. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你原定本周日要带队去阳光养老院进行志愿服务,但因特殊情况活动无法如期进行。请你用英文给养老院联系人Mr. Brown写一封邮件,内容包括:
(1)表达歉意并简要说明原因(如:遵守最新防疫要求);
(2)提出一项替代性方案(如:线上才艺展示或寄送手绘贺卡);
(3)期待未来见面。
注意:
(1)词数应为80左右;
(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mr. Brown,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Mr. Brown,
I am writing on behalf of Hongxing High School's volunteer team to sincerely apologize for the unavoidable cancellation of our visit scheduled for this Sunday. This decision was made in response to recently updated public health advisories.
Although we cannot visit in person, we wish to ensure that the spirit of our visit remains. Our students have prepared an online talent show, which we will send to you shortly. We hope this will bring some cheer to the residents.
We deeply regret any inconvenience this may cause and sincerely hope to reschedule our visit when conditions permit. Thank you for your understanding.
Yours,
Li Hua
命题预测
考点二 邀请与道歉
命题预测
高级词汇与短语:
on behalf of(代表)- 开篇明义,确立正式身份。
unavoidable cancellation(不可避免的取消)- 强调客观原因,合情合理。
in response to(回应)-表明决定的依据。
ensure that the spirit of our visit remains(确保我们访问的初衷不变)- 极具共情和人文关怀的表达。
deeply regret any inconvenience(对任何不便深表歉意)- 非常正式和深刻的道歉。
有效的句式结构:
现在分词作状语:..., which we will send to you shortly. 使句子衔接紧凑,避免冗长。
让步状语从句:Although we cannot visit in person,... 清晰地将语境从“遗憾”转向“积极补救”,承上启下。
结尾表达未来期望:...sincerely hope to reschedule our visit when conditions permit. 不仅道歉,更表达了维持长期关系的愿望,提升了信件的格局。
考点二 邀请与道歉
考向 3 跨文化主题应变信——国际交流中的危机应对与协作创新
3. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。在你校与英国姊妹校的中秋文化交流会前夕,你方主要发言人因故无法参加。请你用英文给英方负责人Jim写一封邮件,内容包括:
(1)就此次突发变动向对方致歉;
(2)建议调整活动形式,并邀请对方同学更深入地参与互动;
(3)确认线上会议照常进行。
注意:
(1)词数应为80左右;
(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Dear Jim,
I am writing to inform you of an unexpected change to our upcoming cultural exchange session. Unfortunately, our main speaker has fallen ill and will be unable to participate. I sincerely apologize for this last-minute adjustment.
In light of this, I would like to propose an improved format. Would it be possible for one of your students to co-host the session with me Together, we could facilitate an open discussion, allowing more students from both sides to share their perspectives. I believe this interactive approach could make our exchange even more vibrant.
The online meeting will proceed as scheduled on Zoom. Please let me know your thoughts on this suggestion at your earliest convenience.
Yours,
Li Hua
命题预测
考点二 邀请与道歉
命题预测
高级词汇与短语:
an unexpected change(意外的变动)- 中性客观地描述问题。
sincerely apologize for this last-minute adjustment(为此次临期调整致以诚挚歉意)- 精准概括问题并诚恳道歉。
propose an improved format(提议一个改进的方案)-体现建设性。
facilitate an open discussion(引导一场开放的讨论)- 比“have a discussion”更能体现组织者的角色。
at your earliest convenience(在您方便之时)- 地道且礼貌地催促对方回复。
有效的句式结构:
宾语后置:I am writing to inform you of an unexpected change to... 开门见山,句式成熟。
以问句形式提出协作邀请:Would it be possible for one of your students to... 将单方面的通知变为双向的邀请,极具交际技巧。
现在分词作状语表结果:..., allowing more students... to share their perspectives. 清晰地阐述了新方案带来的直接好处,使建议更具说服力。
考点二 邀请与道歉
考点三 咨询与回复
真题动向
1. (2025年全国II卷)假定你是李华,外教Chris上个月答应写一篇介绍加拿大体育运动的文章,请你给他写一封邮件,内容包括:
1. 询问进展;
2. 提醒交稿日期。
注意:
1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Chris,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Chris,
Hope you are doing well. I’m writing to follow up on the article about Canadian sports that you kindly agreed to write for our school newspaper.
Our student readers are keenly looking forward to your article, so I was just wondering how it’s coming along. Also, a friendly reminder that the deadline for submission is next Friday, which gives us enough time for the necessary layout and editing before publication.
I am looking forward to your reply. Please let me know if there is anything I can assist you with.
Yours,
Li Hua
真题动向
命题解读 新情境:传统情境:学生之间的催促,或学生对朋友的提醒,关系平等,用语可以更直接。
本题新情境:李华作为学生,需要去催促一位拥有更高学术和社会地位的外教(Chris)。这创造了一个微妙的“下对上”的沟通语境。学生必须在完成任务(确保稿件按时交付)和维护良好关系(尊重并体谅外教)之间取得完美平衡。
新考法:这道题的核心是“催促”,但高明的写法绝不能只写“催促”。命题者通过李华的角色,考查了学生如何将生硬的催促,转化为积极的协作。
传统考法:可能会直接询问“文章写完了吗?”并生硬地告知截止日期。
本题新考法:
以“共情”开场,建立积极基调:范文开头不是直接质问,而是表达关心(Hope you are doing well)并用“kindly agreed to”(您好意应允)来肯定对方的付出,瞬间软化催促的意味。
新角度:这道题评价的不仅是学生能否把事情说清楚,更是:
情商品质:是否具备体察对方处境、维护双方关系的社交智慧。
语言背后的思维:能否运用语言策略,将可能引发不快的事务(催促),处理成一次积极、正向的协作沟通。
考点三 咨询与回复
真题动向
2.(2018年全国I卷)假定你是李华,你的新西兰朋友Terry将去中国朋友家做客,发邮件向你询问有关习俗。请你回复邮件,内容包括:
1. 到达时间;
2. 合适的礼物;
3. 餐桌礼仪。
注意:
1. 词数100左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Dear Terry,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Terry,
How are you doing these days I hear you’ve been invited to dinner at your Chinese friend’s house. Here is some advice for you.
I strongly advise you to arrive 5 minutes earlier. You may take a gift with you, but it doesn’t have to be something of great value. It makes sense to take some fruit.
Now you’d better practice using chopsticks or tell your friend you need a knife and fork. As for where you should sit at the table, just listen to your friend. And don’t be surprised if you are repeatedly asked to eat more, as it is considered good table manners in China.
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
考点三 咨询与回复
真题动向
命题解读 新动向:这道2018年的题目,在当时已经清晰地预示了近年来高考英语写作命题的新动向,即便用英语完成中国文化对外传播的跨文化交际任务。它不仅是考语言,更是考文化自信与沟通智慧。
核心新动向:从“单向输入”到“文化双向交流”
传统的书信题多考查向英语国家求助或咨询,是一种“文化输入”。本题则完全反转,要求李华作为中国文化的阐释者,向外国朋友介绍本国习俗,这是一种“文化输出”。这完美契合了“讲好中国故事”的时代主题。
新考法:传统考法:可能笼统地要求“介绍中国习俗”。
本题新考法:
受众明确:对象是即将去中国朋友家做客的Terry,所有建议必须紧扣“做客”这一核心场景,极具针对性。
新角度:这道题的评价角度,从单一的语言正确性,扩展到了以下三个维度:
文化阐释的得体性:能否用对方能理解的方式解释本国文化。范文中使用“It makes sense to...”(送水果是合乎情理的)和“don’t be surprised if...”(如果……不必惊讶)等地道表达,来软化指令语气,如同朋友间的贴心提醒,而非生硬的说教。
建议的实用性与可操作性:给出的建议是否具体、可行。如“arrive 5 minutes earlier”(早到5分钟)、“practice using chopsticks”(练习用筷子)都非常具体,而非“要有礼貌”之类的空话。
交际的共情与安抚:能否预见到对方的焦虑并给予安抚。结尾的“Best wishes!”和全文轻松友好的口吻,旨在减轻Terry在陌生文化环境中的紧张感,体现了共情能力。
考点三 咨询与回复
必备知识
知识1 咨询信常用表达
1.开篇明义,直接咨询
基础表达:
I'm writing to ask for your help/advice about... (我写信是想寻求您关于……的帮助/建议。)
I have a question about... and I wonder if you could help me. (我有一个关于……的问题,不知您能否帮忙。)
高级表达(体现思考):
I am writing to draw upon your expertise in... (我写信是想借助您在……领域的专业知识。)- 【体现对对方的认可】
Having encountered some difficulties with..., I am turning to you for guidance. (在……方面遇到一些困难,我特向您寻求指导。)- 【直接点明困境,更正式】
2. 阐述背景与具体问题
说明背景情况:
Recently, I have been having trouble with... (最近,我在……方面遇到了麻烦。)
I am finding it challenging to... (我发现……很有挑战性。)
考点三 咨询与回复
必备知识
提出具体问题(关键部分):
My main confusion lies in... (我的主要困惑在于……)- 【精准定位问题】
I would particularly appreciate it if you could clarify... (如果您能阐明……,我将不胜感激。)- 【语气非常委婉且尊重】
Could you please give me some suggestions on how to... (您能否就如何……给我一些建议?)
3. 结尾:表达感谢与期待
基础表达:
Thank you for your help. (感谢您的帮助。)
I'm looking forward to your reply. (期待您的回复。)
高级表达(体现尊重对方时间):
Thank you in advance for your time and consideration. (提前感谢您付出的时间和关注。)
Any advice you could provide would be greatly valued. (您提供的任何建议我都将无比珍视。)
考点三 咨询与回复
必备知识
知识2 回复信常用表达
1. 开篇:感谢来信并表明态度
基础表达:
Thank you for your letter. I'm glad to... (感谢你的来信。我很高兴……)
I'm writing to reply to your question about... (我写信是回复你关于……的问题。)
高级表达(营造积极氛围):
I was delighted to receive your letter asking for my advice on... (很高兴收到你的来信,询问我关于……的建议。)
It's my great pleasure to offer you some suggestions regarding... (非常荣幸能就……为你提供一些建议。)
2. 主体:提供解答或建议
提供具体信息或步骤:
Regarding your question about..., I would like to share the following information with you. (关于你提到的……问题,我想与你分享以下信息。)
考点三 咨询与回复
必备知识
Based on my experience, I highly recommend that you... (根据我的经验,我强烈建议你……)
A useful strategy might be to..., as it often helps to... (一个有用的策略或许是……,因为这通常有助于……)- 【解释建议的益处】
分点说明(使逻辑清晰):
Firstly, ... Secondly, ... Finally, ... (第一,……第二,……最后,……)
For one thing, .... For another, ... (一方面,……另一方面,……)
3. 结尾:表达鼓励与后续支持
基础表达:
I hope my advice will be helpful. (希望我的建议有所帮助。)
Good luck! (祝你好运!)
高级表达(建立长期联系):
I do hope these suggestions will be of some help to you. Please feel free to contact me if you have any further questions. (我真心希望这些建议能对你有所帮助。如有任何其他问题,请随时联系我。)
I am confident that you will find a solution. Keep me posted on your progress! (我相信你能找到解决方法。随时告诉我你的进展!)- 【体现持续关怀】
考点三 咨询与回复
关键能力
能力1 自我分析与问题界定能力。(咨询信)
这是首要能力。学生不能模糊地表达“我不会”,必须能够:
精准定位困境:从混沌的学习或生活困境中,提炼出核心难点。
范例:不说“我英语不好”,而说“我在如何逻辑衔接句子方面感到困难”。
诊断问题根源:初步分析导致问题的可能原因,这能让提问更具体、更具深度。
考查本质:学生是停留在问题的表面,还是能够进行深入的自我剖析。
能力2 逻辑构建与信息组织能力。(咨询信)
咨询信需要清晰的逻辑链条:
情境背景 → 具体问题/困惑 → 请求帮助。
学生需要有条理地组织信息,让对方能迅速理解来龙去脉,而不是杂乱无章地罗列问题。
考点三 咨询与回复
关键能力
能力2 跨文化交际的得体性。(咨询信)
咨询信通常是“下对上”或“生对熟”的沟通,考查:
语用能力:使用正式、礼貌的语言(如 I would appreciate it if..., Could you possibly advise...)来表达请求,体现尊重。
角色意识:清楚自己作为“求助者”的角色,语气应谦逊、诚恳。
能力4 共情与倾听能力。(回复信)
在回复前,学生必须首先展现出他/她已经完全理解了对方的困境。
能力体现:在回信开头,通过复述或总结对方的问题(如 I understand that you are finding it challenging to...),来表明自己已认真阅读并感同身受。
考查本质:评估学生是否具备“换位思考”的素养,而不仅仅是提供一个冷冰冰的答案。
能力5 信息整合与知识迁移能力。(回复信)
这是回复信的核心思维层次。学生需要:
调用知识库:从自己的知识储备中,筛选出与问题相关且准确的信息。
结构化呈现:将零散的知识点,组织成条理清晰、步骤明确的建议。使用 Firstly, ... Secondly, ... 或 One effective approach is... 等连接词,使建议具有逻辑性和可操作性。
考查本质:学生是知识的机械记忆者,还是能够灵活运用、整合输出的主动学习者。
考点三 咨询与回复
关键能力
能力6 解决方案的针对性与建设性。(回复信)
所提供的建议必须:
紧扣问题:直接回应咨询信中的具体困惑,而非泛泛而谈。
具可行性:建议应是对方在自身条件下能够实施的。
赋予价值:解释建议背后的原因或可能带来的好处(如 This method can help you organize your ideas more logically),使对方不仅“知其然”更“知其所以然”。
能力7 鼓励与关系维护能力。(回复信)
回复信的结尾考查学生的情感温度与长期思维:
能力体现:使用鼓励性语言(如 I am confident that you will overcome this challenge)并保持开放姿态(如 Feel free to ask me anytime)。
考查本质:学生是将这次通信视为一次性的“答题”,还是视为一次维护良好人际关系的“互动”。
考点三 咨询与回复
考向 1 数字素养主题咨询信——信息时代批判性思维的培养
1. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。在校“数字素养宣传周”筹备会上,同学们就“如何辨别网络信息的真伪”展开了激烈讨论,但未能形成清晰方案。作为班长,请你给校计算机社团的指导老师Mr. Smith写一封邮件,内容包括:
(1)简述讨论中遇到的困惑;
(2)咨询辨别网络信息(如:健康知识、新闻)真伪的具体方法;
(3)请求推荐一个可供全班同学学习的可靠资源。
注意:
(1)词数应为80左右;
(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Dr. Smith,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Dr. Smith,
I am Li Hua, monitor of Class 3, Senior 3. I am writing to you for expert guidance on a crucial topic for our upcoming Digital Literacy Week: identifying misinformation online.
Our class discussion revealed a common dilemma: while we recognize the importance of fact-checking, we lack a systematic approach to verify the overwhelming health and news information we encounter daily. Mere skepticism without practical skills leaves us confused.
Therefore, we would be extremely grateful if you could detail a clear, step-by-step method for critically assessing online claims. Furthermore, could you recommend one or two authoritative sources that our entire class could use as a reliable reference guide Your insights would significantly strengthen our campaign.
Thank you for considering our request.
Yours,
Li Hua
命题预测
考点三 咨询与回复
命题预测
高级词汇与短语:
expert guidance(专家指导)- 比“your help”更正式,体现对对方的尊重与认可。
a crucial topic(一个关键议题)- 强调话题的重要性。
identifying misinformation (识别错误信息)-精准描述核心问题,比“judge information”更专业。
a common dilemma(一个普遍的困境)- 准确概括了同学们进退两难的状况。
a systematic approach(一个系统性的方法)- 表明需要的是成体系的方法论,而非零散技巧。
authoritative sources(权威来源)- 专业术语,表达精准。
有效的句式结构:
同位语结构:...a crucial topic for our upcoming Digital Literacy Week: identifying misinformation online. 用冒号引出具体内容,使句子结构清晰,重点突出。
现在分词作状语表示结果:Mere skepticism without practical skills leaves us confused. 简洁地表达了“仅有怀疑”所导致的负面结果,使论述有力。
委婉的请求句式:we would be extremely grateful if you could outline... 虚拟语气与副词“extremely”搭配,使请求既礼貌又诚恳。
考点三 咨询与回复
考向 2 心理健康主题求助信——青少年心理危机中的同伴支持
2. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的一位好友近期成绩波动很大,他常说自己“什么都做不好”,并开始回避社交活动。你担心他,但每次试图安慰他都似乎适得其反。请你给学校心理咨询室的Ms. Johnson写一封邮件,内容包括:
(1)描述好友的近期表现(回避社交、自我否定);
(2)说明你已尝试的安慰为何无效,并咨询更有效的沟通方式;
(3)询问作为朋友,哪些陪伴行为是真正有益的。
注意:
(1)词数应为80左右;
(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Ms. Johnson,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Ms. Johnson,
I am writing to seek your professional advice regarding my close friend, whose well-being I am deeply concerned about.
Lately, he has shown noticeable changes, including social withdrawal and persistent self-criticism, following a recent academic setback. My well-intentioned attempts at reassurance, such as telling him "not to worry," appear to have been ineffective and ended up making him feel misunderstood.
Recognizing my limitations, I am eager to learn more constructive ways to support him. Specifically, I would appreciate your guidance on how to initiate a supportive conversation that makes him feel heard, rather than simply cheered up. Additionally, what practical companion behaviors might truly make a positive difference in his current situation
Thank you for your support and for respecting the privacy of this matter.
Yours,
Li Hua
命题预测
考点三 咨询与回复
命题预测
高级词汇与短语:
professional advice(专业建议)- 明确诉求,体现对咨询对象专业性的认可。
well-being(身心健康/福祉)- 比“health”含义更丰富、更正式。
noticeable changes(显著的变化)- 客观且准确地描述观察到的现象。
persistent self-criticism(持续性的自我批评)- 精准刻画心理状态,专业且富有共情。
academic setback(学业挫折)- 比“failed exams”更中性、得体。
well-intentioned attempts(好意的尝试)- 客观评价自己的行为,体现反思精神。
constructive ways(建设性的方式)- 表明寻求的是积极、有效的解决方案。
有效的句式结构:
现在分词作状语补充说明:..., such as telling him "not to worry," appear to have been ineffective... 自然引出具体例子,使论述更丰满。
宾语从句:...I am eager to learn more constructive ways to support him. 清晰地表达了学习意愿和目的。
对比结构:...that makes him feel heard, rather than simply cheered up. “rather than” 清晰地对比了两种沟通方式的本质区别,体现了思维的深度。
考点三 咨询与回复
考向 3 文化传播主题回复信——中华传统智慧的国际传播
3. 假设你是李华。你的英国好友Mike对“二十四节气”感兴趣,但觉得难以记忆和理解。他认为这只是一个古老的日历系统。请你回信,内容包括:
(1)肯定他的兴趣,并简要纠正其对节气的初步认知;
(2)以某个节气(如:清明或芒种)为例,解释其蕴含的自然与人文内涵;
(3)建议他从一首相关的古诗或一种应季食物入手。
注意:
(1)词数应为80左右;
(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Dear Mike,
It was a great pleasure to receive your letter. Your curiosity about the 24 Solar Terms is truly wonderful, and I'd be delighted to help you explore this treasure of Chinese wisdom.
Your understanding of it as a calendar is a good start, but it's merely the surface. These terms form a comprehensive philosophical system that guided agricultural life, shaped cultural festivals, and even influenced eating habits, reflecting a profound harmony between humans and nature.
Allow me to illustrate with "Grain in Ear" (Mangzhong). It signals a crucial period for planting grains and marks the arrival of the rainy season. To make your start engaging, I suggest you begin with the poetic side: find a Tang poem describing this busy farming season, or perhaps try the seasonal fruit. Tasting the "taste" of a solar term, I believe, is the most delightful way to grasp its spirit.
I'm excited for you to embark on this cultural journey and can't wait to hear about your discoveries!
Best regards,
Li Hua
命题预测
考点三 咨询与回复
命题预测
高级词汇与短语:
this treasure of Chinese wisdom(中华智慧的瑰宝)-极具文化自豪感。
comprehensive philosophical system(全面的哲学体系)- 将节气文化提升到理论高度,阐释深刻。
profound harmony(深层次的和谐)- 精准概括了“天人合一”的核心思想。
illustrate with(以……为例说明)- 比“for example”更书面化。
heralds the arrival of(预示着……的到来)- 用词优美,富有文学色彩。
embark on a cultural journey(开启一段文化旅程)- 表达生动,能激发对方的兴趣和向往。
有效的句式结构:
转折并列句:Your understanding... is a good start, but it's merely the surface. 先肯定再深入,逻辑流畅,易于对方接受。
现在分词作定语:...a comprehensive philosophical system that guided..., shaping... and even influencing... 多个分词平行使用,构成排比,层次分明地展现了节气的广泛影响,句式有气势。
插入语结构:Tasting the "taste" of a solar term, I believe, is the most delightful way... “I believe”作为插入语,使观点表达更自然、亲切,富有交流感。
考点三 咨询与回复
考点四 申请与推荐
真题动向
1. (2025年全国I卷)假定你是李华,外教Jenny想在班级英语报上增设一个专栏,提供了两个主题供大家选择:一个是“Fun at School”,另一个是“Guess Who I Am”。请你给外教写一封信,内容包括:
1. 你的选择;
2. 说明理由。
注意:
1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jenny,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Jenny,
I’m Li Hua. I’m writing to share my idea for the new column in our English newspaper. Of the two topics you offered, I prefer “Fun at School”.
Firstly, this topic can vividly showcase our colourful campus life. Whether they are exciting sports events, creative club activities or heartwarming class occasions, sharing these stories can make students feel more connected to the school community. Secondly, the topic offers broad engagement and inclusivity. It enables everyone to contribute their favourite memories, sparking joy and strengthening the bonds between classmates.
I believe this choice will make the column lively and meaningful. Looking forward to your decision!
Yours,
Li Hua
真题动向
命题解读 新情境:这道题创设了一个微型公共说理情境。
传统情境:学生就个人事务(如选择课程、规划行程)向老师提出请求或建议。
本题新情境:Jenny外教没有独断专行,而是将专栏主题的决策权部分下放,征询学生意见。这模拟了一种“课堂民主”或“项目共建”的现代教育场景。李华的角色,不再是一个被动的接受者,而是一个需要运用理性为班集体公共产品(班级英语报)建言献策的主动建设者。
新考法:本题的核心考查点,不再是简单的“表达选择”,而是 “为集体选择提供令人信服的公共理由”。
传统考法:可能会侧重于描述个人为什么喜欢某个选项。
本题新考法:
理由的公共性与价值导向:范文中的理由“make students feel more connected to the school community”(让学生对学校社群更有归属感)和“strengthening the bonds between classmates”(增进同学间的情谊),完全超越了个人喜好,上升到了促进集体认同、增强社群凝聚力的价值层面。这体现了“价值理性”。
理由的操作性与包容性:范文指出该主题“offers broad engagement and inclusivity”(提供广泛的参与度和包容性),并列举了“sports events, club activities, class occasions”等具体方面。这体现了“工具理性”,证明了该选择在技术层面的可行性,能吸引更多人参与。
论证的层次性与逻辑性:使用“Firstly... Secondly...”的结构,从“展示生活”到“促进连接”再到“强化情感”,层层递进,构建了一个完整且有说服力的逻辑链。
新角度:这道题的评价角度非常新颖,它通过一个微小的选择,评估了学生的:
社群意识与领导力潜质:学生能否跳出“小我”,站在集体(班级、学校)的“大我”角度思考问题,提出的建议是否有利于集体福祉。
理性思辨与公共说理能力:能否为自己的立场构建一个逻辑严密、理由充实的论证,而不是简单地说“我觉得这个有趣”。
对媒体功能的理解:潜意识里是否将班级报纸视为一个凝聚人心、传播正能量的媒介,而不仅仅是练习英语的工具。
考点四 申请与推荐
真题动向
2. (2019年全国I卷)假定你是李华,暑假在伦敦学习,得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展。请写一封信申请做志愿者,内容包括:
1.写信目的:
2.个人优势:
3.能做的事情。
注意:
1.词数100左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.结束语已为你写好。
Dear Sir/Madam,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Sir/Madam,
I’m Li Hua, an exchange student from China during this summer vacation. I’m delighted to learn that volunteer students are wanted for a Chinese painting exhibition to be held in the local art gallery. Now I’m writing to apply for the position.
The reasons for my application are as follows. First of all, having been exposed to foreign teachers since a young age, I can communicate freely with others in English. What’s more, years of being monitor makes me a brilliant organizer, which wi(共58张PPT)
考点一 考查定语从句的关系词
考点二 考查名词性从句的连接词
考点三 考查并列连词
考点四 考查状语从句的连词
考点五 考查冠词的用法
考点六 考查介词的用法
考点七 考查代词的用法
考点八 无提示词填空基本知识的综合运用
析·考情精解
01
构·知能架构
02
破·考点攻坚
03
真题动向 在语篇情境中考查定语从句的关系词
必备知识 知识 1.确定是定语从句2.掌握三步法解题技巧3.易混易错提醒
关键能力 能力根据具体语境中判断是定语从句,找准先行词,选用正确的关系词
命题预测 考向 根据具体语境正确判断关系词
剖析考情动向 精研考点分布
析·考情精解
part one
01
析·考情精解
命题轨迹透视 从近三年高考试题来看,试题以语法填空为主,题目难度适中。命题趋势:在语篇中考查学生对有关从句、连词、介词、冠词、代词等语言知识的掌握情况,强化语言知识的运用能力和语境理解 考点频次总结 考点 2025年 2024年 2023年
从句 定语从句:2025年全国高考一卷(语法填空56,1.5分)2025年全国高考二卷(语法填空56,1.5分)2025年1月浙江首考(语法填空63,1.5分) 定语从句:(2024·新高考I卷)64.which或that (2024年1月浙江高考真题)58.which或that (2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)36.who (2024·全国甲卷50.which 名词性从句:2024·全国甲卷·语法填空63,1.5分 2024年1月浙江卷·语法填空59,1.5分 定语从句:(2023·全国乙卷)which/that
(2023年新高考Ⅰ卷)that
(2023·全国甲卷)as
(2023·全国甲卷)where
名词性从句:2023·新高考Ⅱ卷·语法填空62,1.5
状语从句:2023·新高考Ⅱ卷·语法填空64,1.5分
冠词 (2025年全国一卷·语法填空57;1.5分)(2025年1月浙江卷·语法填空56,1.5分) (2024年新高考Ⅰ卷·语法填空61,1.5分)(2024年1月浙江卷·语法填空64,1.5分) (2023年新高考II卷·语法填空59;1.5分)(2023年1月浙江高考卷·语法填空65;1.5分)(2023年新高考Ⅰ卷·语法填空63,1.5分)
析·考情精解
考点频次总结 介词 (2025年全国一卷·语法填空62;1.5分)(2025年全国二卷·语法填空58;1.5分)(2025年1月·浙江卷·语法填空58;1.5分) (2024年新高考Ⅰ卷·语法填空63;1.5分)(2024年全国甲卷·语法填空67;1.5分)(2024 新高考Ⅱ卷·语法填空59;1.5分) (2023 1月新高考浙江卷)(2023 新高考Ⅰ卷·语法填空1.5分)(2023 新高考Ⅱ卷)speak...with...
连词 2025年全国高考一卷·语法填空61,1.5分 2025年全国高考二卷·语法填空59,1.5分 2025年1月浙江首考·语法填空59,1.5分 2024·新高考Ⅱ卷·语法填空65,1.5分 2024年1月浙江卷·语法填空57,1.5分 2023·新高考Ⅱ卷·语法填空64,1.5分
2023·全国乙卷·语法填空65,1.5分
2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·语法填空58,1.5分
代词
2026命题
预测 预计在2026年高考中,会以传统文化或科普类说明文为命题情景,考查有关从句、连词、介词、冠词、代词等语言知识是高考中的常考点。 构·知能架构
part two
02
搭建知识网络 整合能力体系
构·知能架构
无提示词的语法填空
从属连词
冠词
状语从句的连接词
并列连词
介词
代词
其他语境填词
定语从句的关系代词或关系副词
名词性从句的连接词
and,
but,
so,
while,
for

定冠词
the
不定冠词 an, a
介词的基本含义和用法
短语中介词的用法
不定代词
指示代词
反身代词
物主代词
人称代词
It的用法
固定搭配或句型
强调句型中的
that
倒装句中的助动词和情态动词
破·考点攻坚
part three
03
破解考点规律 攻克解题难关
1. (2025年全国一卷·语法填空56;1.5分)An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, 56.________ originated in China more than 4,000 years ago.
考点一 考查定语从句的关系词
真题动向
which
考查定语从句。句意:上海久事美术馆正在举办一场展览,展出的艺术品灵感来自围棋(中文称为“围棋”),它起源4000多年前的中国。本空引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词为Go, or weiqi in Chinese,指物,且关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语,所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。
注意:在非限制性定语从句中不能用that来引导,指物作主语、宾语用which引导。
2. (2024·新高考Ⅱ卷·语法填空56;1.5分)Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, 56.______ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown.
考点一 考查定语从句的关系词
真题动向
who
考查定语从句。句意:为了纪念被誉为“亚洲莎士比亚”的汤显祖,中国文化元素为莎士比亚的故乡——埃文河畔的斯特拉特福增添了国际化的色彩。这里为定语从句的关系词,先行词为“Tang Xianzu”,在非限制性定语从句中担当主语,表示人,用关系代词who引导。故填who。
考查定语从句。句意:为了纪念被誉为“亚洲莎士比亚”的汤显祖,中国文化元素为莎士比亚的故乡——埃文河畔的斯特拉特福增添了国际化的色彩。这里为定语从句的关系词,先行词为“Tang Xianzu”,在非限制性定语从句中担当主语,表示人,用关系代词who引导。故填who。
3. (2025年全国高考二卷·语法填空56;1.5分)I was born and raised in Cleveland, Ohio in the United States. Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, 56.________ bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and central heating doesn’t exist.
考点一 考查定语从句的关系词
真题动向
where
考查定语从句。句意:然而现在,我和我的中国丈夫和他的家人住在中国浙江的农村,在那里山上野生竹子和茶树丛生,鸡总是自由放养的,而且没有集中供暖。本空引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the countryside of Zhejiang,China,关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
4.(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route 64. brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England.
考点一 考查定语从句的关系词
真题动向
which/that
考查定语从句。句意:“玻璃屋”是当代设计的一个伟大成果,容纳了来自中国西南部的植物。建筑位于公园内一条小路的末端,这条小路追溯了丝路沿线,各种植物品种正是沿此线从其亚洲原生地来到英国,并由此定义了英国园艺的丰富性。空处引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词是the Silk Route,先行词指物,关系词在定语从句中作主语,用关系代词which或that引导从句。故填which/that。
必备知识
1. 确定是定语从句
考点一 考查定语从句的关系词
设空处跟在名词后面,且空后的句子对这个名词进行修饰限定,即表示这个名词的性质、特点等,则为定语从句。当确定为定语从句后,首先要看看先行词指人、物、时间、地点,还是其他,然后再根据先行词在句子中所作的成分去判断用何关系词。
2. 掌握三步法解题技巧
(1) 分清限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句。
①先行词的后面出现逗号,是非限制性定语从句。
②that不能引导非限制性定语从句。
③which引导非限制性定语从句, 可以代表主句的全部或部分内容;代表整个主句时,which意为“这一点”。
④as引导非限制性定语从句,可置于句中或句首,意为“正如”。其后的谓语动词多是be seen, be known, be reported, be mentioned, be said, be often the case等。
必备知识
考点一 考查定语从句的关系词
(2) 寻找先行词,判断属性(指人还是指物,表示时间,地点,还是原因)。
①先行词指人:that/who/whom/whose;
②先行词指物:that/which/whose;
③表示时间/地点/原因:when/where/why。
(3) 判断定语从句所缺成分,确定关系词。
①缺少主语:that/which/who;
②缺少动词的宾语:that/which/who/whom;
③缺少定语:whose;
④缺少时间、地点或原因状语时分别用when、where、why。
1.that与which的区别
(1)只用which不用that的情况:
①当关系代词前面有介词或介词短语时; ②引导非限制性定语从句时。
必备知识
考点一 考查定语从句的关系词
(2)只用that不用which的情况:
①当先行词是all、everything、nothing、something、few、little、much等不定代词时;
②当先行词被序数词、形容词的最高级或the very、the only、any、the last等修饰时;
③先行词既有人又有物时。
2.which与as
关系词 which as
位置上 只能放在主句的后面 位置灵活,可置于句首、句中,也可置于句末
搭配上 无动词的 限制 谓语动词通常是表示感觉或心理活动的动词,如see、hear、know、expect、remember等
意思上 意为“这一点” 表示“正如……”“正像……的那样”
命题预测
(2026·甘肃省兰州市八校联考)The project even attracted parents, many of
admitted they missed reading in a calm place.
2.(2026·河南省新乡市月考)“AI has created opportunities for basic education in remote areas like Guizhou,” says Huang Hui, head of Zeng’s middle school complex terrain (地形) and challenging transportation systems limit educational resources.
考查定语从句。句意:这个项目甚至吸引了家长,他们中的许多人承认,他们怀念在一个安静的地方读书。此处为“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句,从句修饰先行词parents,作介词的宾语,指人,应用关系代词whom。故填whom。
whom
考查定语从句关系词。句意:曾老师所在中学的校长黄辉表示:“人工智能为贵州这类偏远地区的基础教育创造了机遇”,这些地区复杂的地形和交通不便制约了教育资源的发展。定语从句修饰先行词middle school,先行词在从句中作地点状语,用关系副词where。故填where。
考点一 考查定语从句的关系词
where
命题预测
3. (2026·江西省赣抚吉联盟联考)Among them, Hotan carpet, flourished (兴旺) during the Qing Dynasty, is Xinjiang’s most famous name card.
4. (2026·江苏省南京市高三期中)Chen Ming, left his job as an app designer to start a tour agency in his hometown, Chongqing, believes the city is made for the TikTok age.
考查定语从句。句意:其中,清代兴盛的和田地毯是新疆最知名的一张名片。空格处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词“Hotan carpet”(和田地毯),且从句中缺少主语,指物,故用关系代词which引导。故填which。
who
考查定语从句。句意:辞去软件设计师工作、在家乡重庆创办旅行社的陈明(音译)认为,这座城市是为TikTok时代而生的。空处引导非限制性定语从句,对先行词Chen Ming作补充说明,先行词指人,在从句中作主语,应用关系代词who作引导词。故填who。
考点一 考查定语从句的关系词
which
考点二 考查名词性从句的连接词
真题动向
1. (2025年天津一卷)________he managed to finish the marathon inspired his classmates to push their limits in sports.
考查主语从句连接词。句意:他成功跑完马拉松这件事,激励了同学们在体育运动中挑战自己的极限。此处That无意义,只起连接作用。分析句子结构可知,此处为主语从句,从句“____he managed to finish the Marathon”成分完整,不缺成分,应用只起连接作用、无实义的that来引导。故填That。
That
注意:因为that在名词性从句中,不作成分,没有意思,所以常常被忽视,经常出错误。切记主语从句中的that不能省略。
2. (2025年天津一卷)Knowing _________ your weakness lies is one of the first and most challenging steps in learning to manage yourself.
3. (2025高考北京卷)The truth, though, is 13.________ could be guessed — there’s never anyone else here. Just me, Nick, and the quiet forest.
考点二 考查名词性从句的连接词
真题动向
考查宾语从句。句意:知道你的弱点在哪里是学习自我管理的第一步也是最具挑战性的步骤之一。“your weakness lies”是宾语从句,表示“你的弱点在哪里”,用连接副词where引导宾语从句,在从句中作地点状语。故填where。
where
考查表语从句引导词。句意:不过,真相正如所料 —— 这里从来没有其他人。“is”后接表语从句,从句中缺少主语,指物,用what引导,what在从句中作主语,意为“…… 的事情”。故填what。
what
必备知识
1.确定是名词性从句
考点二 考查名词性从句的连接词
空处无提示词,先确定主句的主谓结构,再确定空处和空后的内容在主句中充当主语、宾语、表语或同位语。
2.利用两个技巧搞定名词性从句
Tip1:分析句子成分
(1) 从句中缺少主语、宾语、表语,用连接代词what、who、whom、which、whatever等。
(2) 从句中缺少状语(结合句意判断),用连接副词where (表地点)、when (表时间)、how (表方式)、why (表原因)等。
(3) 从句中不缺成分,句意缺少“是否”,用if/whether。
(4) 从句中不缺成分且句子意义完整,用that。
必备知识
考点二 考查名词性从句的连接词
Tip2:结合句意和引导词的本义解题
有些引导词在句中有很鲜明的意义,如whether/if (是否)、whoever (无论谁)、whatever (无论什么)、because (因为)、why (为什么)等。结合句意和语境,不难解决这类试题。
3.牢记what和that的区别
(1) that没有词义,且在从句中不作任何成分。
(2) what在从句中表示 “……的(东西)” (有时候可以不译),在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。
1.what与that
(1) that在名词性从句中具有“两无”“一不”特征——无意义、无成分,(除宾语从句外)不可省略。
必备知识
考点二 考查名词性从句的连接词
that在名词性从句中没有意义,而且不充当句子成分。that引导宾语从句作及物动词的宾语时可省略;在引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时,that不可省略。
I think (that) you should turn to the teacher for help.
我认为你应该向老师寻求帮助。
My decision is that all of us are to start at 6 o'clock tomorrow morning.
我的决定是我们所有人明天早上6点出发。
(2) what在名词性从句中具有“两有”“一不”特征——有意义、有成分,不可省略。
what在引导名词性从句时,有一定的意义,一般可译为“……的东西/事情/话等”;what在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语,不可省略。
What was most important to her, she told me, was her family.
她告诉我,对她来说最重要的是她的家庭。
必备知识
考点二 考查名词性从句的连接词
2.whether与if
在引导名词性从句时,这两个连词常常通用。但是在下面情况下,一般用whether。
(1)引导主语/表语/同位语从句时;
(2)引导的从句在介词后时;
(3)与or not直接连用时;
(4)与动词不定式连用时。
3.what与which
what与which在引导名词性从句时,既可以作主语、宾语,又可以作定语。但如果有明确的“范围”时,应用which,而不用what。
命题预测
1. (2026·浙江省浙江七校联盟一模) makes Guochao truly special is its power to tell Chinese stories through modern design.
2. scientists point to global warming as a major role in heat waves has caused alarm across Europe.
考查主语从句。句意:国潮真正的特别之处在于,它能够通过现代设计讲述中国故事。此处引导主语从句,从句中缺少主语,表“……的事物”,用连接词what,位于句首,首字母大写。故填What。
What
That
考查主语从句。句意:科学家指出全球变暖是热浪的主要诱因,这一发现已在欧洲引发警报。空格处引导主语从句,从句中不缺少成分且句意完整,因此用连接词that引导,that在从句中不作成分,仅起连接作用。该空置于句首,开头单词首字母大写。故填That。
考点二 考查名词性从句的连接词
命题预测
3. we will go camping this weekend depends entirely on the weather forecast.
4. exactly the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565.
考查主语从句。句意:我们这个周末是否去露营完全取决于天气预报的情况。空格位于句首,引导主语从句,表示“是否”用whether,首字母大写。故填Whether。
Whether
When
考查主语从句。句意:土豆具体于何时传入欧洲尚不确定,但时间很可能是在1565年左右。此空引导主语从句,根据下文“but it was probably around 1565”可知,此处表示“土豆何时被引入欧洲”,用连接副词when引导主语从句,在从句中作时间状语。置于句首,首字母大写。故填When。
考点二 考查名词性从句的连接词
考点三 考查并列连词
真题动向
1. (2025年全国高考一卷·语法填空61,1.5分)Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the strategic placement of the pieces, 61.________ the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, digitally generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition.
考查连词。句意:图说,黑白棋子之间的平衡,棋子战略布局的美感,每一步棋的能量流动,激发了艺术家们为展览创作油画、雕塑、数字生成的图片和丝网印刷。the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the strategic placement of the pieces, the energy flow following each move三者为并列关系,作并列主语,所以空处需用连词and。故填and。
and
注意:由于受思维定式的影响,很多学生看到没有提示词的空,就立刻想到了定语从句,所以,并列连词有时被忽视。做这类题时要认真分析句子成分,看看句子成分是否完整,看前后是不是并列的关系。
考点三 考查并列连词
真题动向
2. (2025年全国高考二卷·语法填空59,1.5分)But it’s amazing how you can adapt 59.________ learn in a new environment.
3. (2025年1月浙江首考·语法填空59,1.5分)“I think it’s an amazing idea,” says Tanya Perilli, who owns a clothing rental shop. “Customers today look past the fact that something is secondhand and focus instead on the fact that they have something unique to wear 59.________ are not overstuffing their own wardrobes (衣柜) or contributing to landfill.”
考查连词。句意:但令人惊讶的是,你是如何适应并在新环境中学习的。adapt和learn是并列关系,应用连词and连接。故填and。
and
考查连词。句意:如今的顾客不再关注衣服是二手的这一事实,而是关注他们有独特的衣服可穿,并且不会把自己的衣柜塞得满满当当,也不会造成垃圾填埋问题。“have something unique to wear”和“are not overstuffing their own wardrobes...”是并列关系,have和are是谓语动词,应用连词and连接。故填and。
and
必备知识
考点三 考查并列连词
1.确定填并列连词
无提示词,空前后是两个并列的主谓完整的句子、单词、短语等;而且相并列的成分之间是并列、转折、选择或因果关系,应填并列连词。
2.两个技巧要熟用
技巧1:关系分析法
分析空前后单词、短语或分句之间的关系,确定用哪个连词。
(1)表示并列或递进关系的有and、both ...and ...、not only ...but (also) ...、neither ...nor ...等。
(2)表示选择关系的有or、either ...or ...、not ...but ...等。
(3)表示转折或对比关系的有but、while等。
(4)表示因果关系的有so、for等。
必备知识
考点三 考查并列连词
技巧2:句型法
(1)祈使句+and/or+陈述句,如表示顺承用and,表示转折用or。
(2)when作并列连词的常用句型:
Sb be doing sth when ... Sb be about to do sth when ...
Sb had (just) done sth when ... Hardly ...when ...
1.并列句与定语从句
防止并列句与定语从句混用:并列句由and、but等并列连词连接,句中已有连接词,这时就不能再用引导定语从句的关系词了。
①They live in a small house, in front of ___________stands an orange tree.
②They live in a small house, and in front of ___________ stands an orange tree.
必备知识
考点三 考查并列连词
【解析】两句的区别是连词and,句①逗号后为非限制性定语从句,空处为引导词,表示物,故填which;句②中and连接两个并列分句,空处指代前面分句中的a small house,故填it。
③The old man has three sons, none of ___________ is a doctor.
④The old man has three sons, but none of ___________is a doctor.
【解析】两句的区别是连词but,句③逗号后为非限制性定语从句,空处为引导词,表示人,且其前为介词of,故填whom;句④中but连接两个并列分句,空处指代前面分句中的three sons,故填them。
2.并列句与状语从句
辨清并列句与状语从句:并列句是连词连接两个“互不依存的主谓结构”,两者之间是并列关系;而状语从句中前后两个句子,一个是主句,一个是从句,从句是用来修饰主句的。
必备知识
考点三 考查并列连词
①___________you take the medicine, you will be all right.
②Take this medicine, ___________you will be all right.
【解析】句①空处引导条件状语从句,表示“如果”,故填If;句②中两个并列分句是顺承关系,故填and。
③ ___________money is necessary for a happy life, it can't buy happiness.
④Money is necessary for a happy life, ___________it can't buy happiness.
【解析】句③空处所在句子是让步状语从句,故填Although/Though;句④空处前后是转折关系,故填but。
命题预测
考点三 考查并列连词
1. (2026·四川省德阳市高三第一次诊断)The premiere presented a surprise video message from the Shenzhou-20 crew aboard China’s Space Station. They extended their good wishes, stating that the film truthfully paints astronauts’ in-orbit work-life, records precious moments of the station’s construction, 65 captures the unique bond of Chinese aerospace professionals filming in space.
考查连词。句意:他们表达了良好的祝愿,表示这部电影真实地描绘了宇航员在轨工作生活,记录了空间站建设的珍贵时刻,并捕捉到了中国航天专业人员在太空拍摄的独特联系。本空连接三个并列的谓语动词:paints、records和captures,表并列顺承关系,应用连词and连接。故填and。
and
命题预测
考点三 考查并列连词
2. (2026·河南省实验中学高三模拟二)They engaged in a thoughtful dialogue about the power of beauty, discussing how it enhances social artistic tastes shapes personal decision-making.
3.(2025·江苏省南京市月考)It can be difficult when your parents treat you like a child
expect you to act like an adult. All of this can lead to a breakdown in your relationship.
考查连词。句意:他们就美的力量进行了深入对话,讨论它如何提升社会艺术品味并塑造个人决策。此处连接宾语从句的谓语enhances与shapes,应用连词and。故填and。
and
考查连词。句意:当你的父母把你当成孩子,却期望你表现得像个成年人时,这可能会很困难。所有这些都会导致你们的关系破裂。结合“like a child”和“like an adult”可知空前后是转折关系,使用连词but连接,故填but。
but
考点四 考查状语从句的连词
真题动向
1. (2025年天津二卷)2.________ virtual reality becomes more accessible, many schools are setting up virtual science labs.
A.As B.Until C.Unless D.Although
2. (2025年天津一卷)3.She was determined to apply for the job________ she knew the chances of getting it were slim.
A.in case B.now that C.as if D.even though
考查状语从句。句意:随着虚拟现实技术变得越来越普及,许多学校都在设立虚拟科学实验室。根据后文“virtual reality becomes more accessible”可知,引导时间状语从句,表示“随着”用as。故选A。
A
考查连接词词义辨析。句意:尽管知道得到这份工作的机会很小,她还是决心申请。A. in case以防,万一;B. now that既然,由于;C. as if好像,仿佛;D. even though尽管,即使。根据句意可知,前后句为让步关系,应用even though引导的让步状语从句。故选D项。
D
必备知识
考点四 考查状语从句的连词
1.确定是状语从句
空处所在的句子作整个句子的状语时,应用状语从句的引导词。
2.状语从句的特殊考点要记牢
(1)连词before的意义及句型
It will be+一段时间+before ...“多久以后才……”;It won't be+一段时间+before ...“用不了多久就……”。
(2)连词since的意义及句型
It is +一段时间+since引导的时间状语从句=It has been +一段时间+since引导的时间状语从句。
该固定句型意为“自从……以来,已经多长时间了”。
(3)whether ...or ...,疑问词+-ever,引导让步状语从句。
(4)where引导地点状语从句。
必备知识
考点四 考查状语从句的连词
1.when, while, as
(1)when, while, as三者都可以用来引导时间状语从句,意为“当……的时候”。
(2)在when和as引导的从句中,谓语动词既可以是延续性动词也可以是终止性动词,而在while引导的从句中,谓语动词只能是延续性动词。
(3)三者中as引导时间状语从句时,表示主从句动作同时发生或前后紧接着发生,常译为“(正当)……的时候”“随着……”“一边……一边……”等。
2.so ...that ..., such ...that ...
(1)二者都可以引导结果状语从句。so 后中心词为形容词或副词, such后中心词为名词。
(2)若中心词之前有表示数量的many、much、little、few修饰时,只能用so。
考点四 考查状语从句的连词
命题预测
1.(2026·浙江省浙江七校联盟一模) it continues to expand worldwide, more young talents join in, spreading Chinese culture and confidence to every corner of the world.
2. the days went by, the villagers gradually forgot the terrible flood that had destroyed their homes years ago.
考查连词。句意:随着国潮在全球持续发展,越来越多的青年才俊加入其中,将中国文化与自信传播到世界的每个角落。此处为连词引导的状语从句,结合句意,此处表示“随着/当……时”,用连词as/when引导时间状语从句,位于句首,首字母需大写。故填As/When。
考查时间状语从句。句意:随着日子一天天过去,村民们逐渐忘记了多年前摧毁他们家园的可怕洪水。“the days went by”描述时间的流逝,句首用“As”引导时间状语从句,可表示“随着”,符合语境。故填As。
As/When
As
考点四 考查状语从句的连词
命题预测
3.The young athlete didn’t stop training hard he achieved his goal of winning the gold medal in the national competition.
4. moment they arrived at the scene, they immediately joined their Turkish partners to carry out a rescue plan and saved the woman.
考查连词。句意:这位年轻的运动员一直刻苦训练,直到在全国比赛中实现了赢得金牌的目标才停止。根据“didn’t stop training hard”与“achieved his goal”的逻辑关系可知,此处是not... until/ till...,意为“直到……才……”,此处需填入连词until/ till,连接主句和时间状语从句,表动作持续的终点。故填until/ till。
考查冠词和时间状语从句。句意:他们一到现场,就立即与土耳其伙伴合作执行救援计划,并成功救出那名女子。固定短语the moment意为“一……就……”,引导时间状语从句,位于句首,单词首字母应大写。故填The。
until/till
The
考点四 考查状语从句的连词
命题预测
5.While breaking long walks into short intervals might not be practical in terms of length covered, Luciano emphasized that possible, people should take a few steps to break up sitting time.
考查状语从句省略。句意:虽然将长时间的步行分成短时间的间隔可能不太实际,但卢西亚诺强调,只要有可能/在任何可能的时候,人们应该采取一些措施来打破坐着的时间。分析句子结构可知,此处表示“在任何可能的时候,人们都应该起身走几步,打破长时间的久坐”,因此可使用whenever/when引导时间状语从句,其完整形式是 whenever/when it is possible,此处也可以表示“如果可能的话”,因此可以使用if引导条件状语从句,其完整形式是if it is possible。故填whenever/when/if。
whenever/when/if
考点五 考查冠词的用法
真题动向
1. (2025年全国一卷·语法填空57;1.5分) Go is one of 57_______ earliest binary-based (基于二元的) games. The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy, according to Tu Ningning, who is in charge of the exhibition.
2. (2025年1月浙江卷·语法填空56,1.5分)The price of fashion — economically and environmentally — has led to the rise of 56________ new way of dressing, and it’s beginning to take off in Australia, too.
考查冠词。句意:围棋是最早的基于二元的棋类游戏之一。形容词最高级前用定冠词the。故填the。
the
a
考查冠词。句意:时尚在经济和环境方面的代价催生了一种新的穿衣方式,这种方式也开始在澳大利亚流行起来。可数名词way在句中表示“一种方式”,泛指,且new发音以辅音音素开头,应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
必备知识
考点五 考查冠词的用法
判定用冠词的方法
1. 注意泛指还是特指
①如果空格后的名词或“形容词+名词”前没有形容词性物主代词、不定代词、名词所有格或指示代词等限定词时很可能填冠词。
②如果空格及后面的名词在文中第一次出现,可翻译成“一个(本、种等)”,一般填a/an;如果是前文已经提到过,可翻译成“这/那个,这/那些”,一般填the。
③如果名词后有of短语、不定式、分词或从句等作定语时很可能填the。
2. 注意固定搭配
例如:in charge of...负责……,in the charge of...由……负责;in front of在……前面(外部),in the front of在……前面(内部);in possession of...拥有……,in the possession of...为……所有;out of question毫无疑问,out of the question不可能;by sea乘船,by the sea在海边;at table在吃饭,at the table在桌旁。
命题预测
考点五 考查冠词的用法
1. (2026·浙江省北斗星盟高三一模)While historical records often focus on politics and wars, women’s writing offers different perspective — one that lives in the subtle moments between major events and in the language of human relationships.
2. (2026·海南省琼海市嘉积中学月考)In recent years, increasing number of people start to learn Chinese. “There’s a nice Chinese saying: sprouting (生长) up like bamboo shoots after the spring rain, and that’s really what it is like,” says a famous professor.
考查冠词。句意:虽然历史记载往往聚焦于政治与战争,但女性的作品提供了一种不同的视角——一种存在于重大事件间隙的微妙时刻与人际关系话语中的视角。此处泛指“一种不同的视角”,different是以辅音音素开头的单词,用不定冠词a。故填a。
考查冠词。句意:近年来,越来越多的人开始学习中文。a number of为固定短语,意为“许多,大量”,且increasing以元音音素开头,所以使用不定冠词an。故填an。
a
an
命题预测
考点五 考查冠词的用法
3. (2026·安徽省联考)A competition, a medal—yet together, they reflect new generation’s borderless responsibility and ingenuity (独创性).
4. (2026·江苏省苏州八校高三联考)With China’s growing economic strength and global influence, interest in its culture is on 63 rise.
考查冠词。句意:一场赛事,一枚奖牌——却凝聚着新一代青年超越国界的责任感与创新智慧。此处表示特指,应用定冠词the。故填the。
考查冠词。句意:随着中国经济实力的不断增强以及在全球的影响力不断扩大,人们对中国的文化兴趣也与日俱增。短语on the rise表示“在增加”。故填the。
the
the
真题动向
考点六 考查介词的用法
1. (2025年全国一卷·语法填空62;1.5分)“A decent winner always tries to beat the opponent 62________ no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side. ”
2. (2024年新高考Ⅰ卷·语法填空63;1.5分)The Glasshouse stands 63 a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route which brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England.
考查介词。句意:一个得体的胜者总是试图以不超过一两目的优势击败对手,以此表达对对方的尊重。“by+具体数值”表示“以(某一差值)”,此处指“以一到两分的优势”,符合语境。故填by。
考查介词。句意:“玻璃屋”是当代设计的一个伟大成果,容纳了来自中国西南部的植物。建筑位于公园内一条小路的末端,这条小路追溯了丝路沿线,各种植物品种正是沿此线从其亚洲原生地来到英国,并由此定义了英国园艺的丰富性。根据句意可知,空处指的是“作为”,应用介词as。故填as。
by
as
真题动向
考点六 考查介词的用法
3. (2024年全国甲卷·语法填空67;1.5分)They wondered out loud. This area, with its unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved 67 all people of the nation to enjoy—as a national park.
考查介词。句意:这个地区拥有独特的、令人惊叹的自然美景,必须作为国家公园保护好,为了所有国家的人都能享受。介词for表目的,表示“为了所有国家的人都能享受”。 故填for。
for
高考中考查介词基本用法的次数较多,解决介词基本用法要注意:
①熟悉常用介词的基本含义,总结它们的共性特点。
②准确理解句子的意思,根据句意确定使用恰当的介词。。
必备知识
介词的判定及对策
高考通常考查介词与动词、形容词或者名词的搭配。学生应该熟练掌握常见介词的基本用法及介词与其他词类的搭配;如果名词或者代词在句子中不作主语、表语或者动词的宾语时,其前面一般是填介词。在学习的过程中应注意对短语的归纳、积累、比较和记忆。
基本介词的用法
考点六 考查介词的用法
分类 内容
时间名词前的介词 年月周前要用 in,日子前面却要禁。遇到几号要用 on,上午下午又是 in。要说某日上午下午,用 on 换 in 才能行。午夜黄昏须用 at,黎明用它也不错。at 也用在时分前。
地点和方式名词的介词 在…… 里,用 in;在…… 上,用 on;穿过……,用 through/across;通过……方式,用 by;借助…… 工具,用 with 等。
必备知识
考点六 考查介词的用法
分类 内容
“介词 + n.” 搭配 by accident, in trouble, in spite of, in honour of, in search of, in vain, in turn,in return, at risk, on board, on average 等。
“vi.+ 介词” 搭配 remind sb. of sth., rob sb. of sth., go back to/date from, exchange...for..., runout of, account for, agree with 等。
“adj.+ 介词” 搭配 be known as, be curious about, be proud of, be rich in, be devoted to 等。
据句式和搭配填介词
(1)与动词搭配,如: remind sb of sth“提醒某人某事”;rob sb of sth“抢劫某人某物”。
(2)与名词或代词搭配,如: by accident“偶然”;by oneself “靠自己”。
(3)与形容词搭配,如:be curious about“对……感到好奇”;be proud of “因……而自豪”。
(4)其他搭配,如:not ...until ...“直到……才……”;from ...to ...“从……到……”;between ...and ... “在……和……之间”。
必备知识
考点六 考查介词的用法
(1)高考对介词的考查主要集中在介词的基本用法及介词与其他词构成的固定短语的用法上。
(2)语法填空题对介词的考查形式为纯空格,即没有提示词,这对学生正确理解句意提出了较高的要求。
(3)名词或动词-ing形式在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时,其前一定填介词。介词可位于名词之前,如at night、on Sunday等;也可位于形容词之后,如be interested in、be good at等;还可位于不及物动词之后,如listen to、arrive at、look for等。
(1)及物动词后直接跟宾语时,无需再加介词。
(2)last、next等后跟名词表示时间时,无需加介词。
(3)不及物动词后跟宾语时,应加相应的介词。
(4)避免受汉语的影响。例如:“在……帮助下”的英语表达应为with the help of,而不是under the help of。
命题预测
1. (2026·江苏省苏州八校高三联考)To sustain this trend, China must draw inspiration its cultural heritage and present it in modern, audience-friendly forms.
2.(2026·浙江省浙江七校联盟一模)Today, Guochao attracts people all ages and backgrounds.
考查介词。句意:要保持这一趋势,中国必须从其文化传统中汲取灵感,并以现代且易于观众接受的形式来展现这些文化。短语draw inspiration from表示“从……汲取灵感”。故填from。
考查介词。句意:如今,国潮吸引了各个年龄段、各种背景的人群。此处为固定搭配people of/from all ages and backgrounds,意为“各个年龄段、各种背景的人群”,用介词of/from。故填of/from。
from
of/from
考点六 考查介词的用法
命题预测
3.(2026·安徽省联考)With seven years of experience in China and Pakistan’s medical device markets, Muheet has deep insights the urgent need for affordable healthcare in developing nations.
4.(2026·福建省福州第一中学月考)It was developed by Chinese designers starting from 2002 and entered service in 2010, making China the fifth country in the world
deep-sea exploration technology.
考查介词。句意:Muheet拥有七年深耕中巴两国医疗器械市场的经验,对发展中国家对平价医疗的迫切需求有着深刻的洞察。固定短语one’s insight into“对……洞察”。故填into。
考查介词。句意:它由中国设计师从2002年开始研发,并于2010年投入使用,使中国成为世界上第五个拥有深海探测技术的国家。根据句意可知,此处表示“拥有”,应用介词with,故填with。
into
with
考点六 考查介词的用法
真题动向
考点七 考查代词的用法
1. (2025·天津第一次高考)2.Equipped with modern facilities, today’s libraries differ greatly from________ of the past.
2. Next time you rely on any of these inventions, be grateful and think about the science and imagination that have gone into them and how much have changed our everyday life.
考查代词。句意:如今的图书馆配备了现代化的设施,与过去的图书馆相比有了很大的不同。此处 those那些,指代前文的复数名词“libraries”,为特指用those。故填those。
those
考查代词。句意:下次当你依赖这些发明时,请心怀感激,想想其中蕴含的科学和想象力,想想它们对我们的日常生活有多大的改变。设空处为主语,指代上文的these inventions,应用they,故填they。
they
真题动向
考点七 考查代词的用法
3. (2026·吉林省实验中学高三摸底) was put into use in December 2021, helping Laos become a country with easy transport in Southeast Asia.
4. (2022·北京卷改编)________ is important for everyone to devote some time to health and fitness.
考查代词。句意:它于2021年12月投入使用,帮助老挝成为东南亚交通便利的国家。分析句子可知,这里指代前面提到的 “the China-Laos Railway”,在句子中作主语,所以用代词 “it”。句首单词首字母大写,故填It。
It
考查it作形式主语。句意:对每个人来说,花一些时间来锻炼对健康和健身是很重要的。此处it作形式主语不定式是真正的主语;句首单词首字母大写。故填It。
It
必备知识
考点七 考查代词的用法
代词用法指导:
1.通过句子成分确定所填代词的形式
如果作主语,则用人称代词的主格;如果作宾语或表语,则用人称代词的宾格;如果作定语,则用形容词性物主代词;如果作宾语、表语或同位语且又和句子的主语为同一人或物,则用反身代词。
2.通过句式结构和“指代”,判断是否用it
如果指代上文提到的同一个事物,则用it;如果指代天气、时间、距离或环境情况则用it;如果作形式主语或形式宾语,则用it;注意一些固定用法:dislike/hate/appreciate/depend on/see to...+it+从句。
命题预测
考点七 考查代词的用法
1.(2026·黑龙江省大庆实验中学期中)John collected a lot of ancient coins, most of
dating back to the Ming Dynasty.
2.The Chinese have known about the benefits of green tea since ancient times, and they use to treat everything from headaches to depression.
考查代词。句意:John收集了很多古钱币,这些古钱币中的大部分可以追溯到明朝。分析句子结构可知,“most of _____ dating back to the Ming Dynasty”是独立主格结构,作状语,在这个独立主格结构中,“most of”是一个介词短语,其后需要接一个宾语来指代前面提到的“ancient coins”,需用代词them。故填them。
考查代词。句意:中国人自古以来就知道绿茶的好处,他们用它来治疗从头痛到抑郁的各种疾病。指代上文不可数名词green tea,作use的宾语,应用it。故填it。
them
it
命题预测
考点七 考查代词的用法
3. She opened her arms wide and timidly I opened and we hugged.
4. Lily had lived in London and Manchester, but she liked and moved to Cambridge.
考查代词。句意:她张开双臂,我也怯生生地张开双臂,我们拥抱在一起。设空处在句中作宾语,应用名词或代词;结合句意可知,此处指“我的双臂”,用my arms,设空处后面没有arms,故用mine。故填mine。
考查代词。句意:Lily曾住在伦敦和曼彻斯特,但她两个地方都不喜欢,然后搬去了剑桥。由表示转折关系的but可知,设空处表示否定含义,并由London和Manchester可知“二者都不”,应用neither,故填neither。
mine
neither
命题预测
考点七 考查代词的用法
5.However, quite a few other people, especially in the countryside, would fix a lucky date so that their marriage would have “Double Happiness”.
6.By the Song Dynasty, was recorded that many diseases could be cured through proper diet. Different foods were sorted according to their original nature.
考查代词。句意:然而,还有很多其他的人,尤其是那些在乡下的人,会择吉日举行婚礼以便能够“双喜临门”。设空处替代people,以避免重复,故填代词those。故填those。
考查it作形式主语。句意:到了宋代,据记载许多疾病可以通过合理的饮食治愈。不同的食物根据其原始性质进行分类。“it is/was recorded that...”为固定句型,意为“据记载……”,其中it为形式主语,真正的主语为that引导的主语从句。本句中“that many diseases could be cured through proper diet”为真正的主语,本空用it作形式主语。故填it。
those
it
必备知识
考点八 无提示词填空基本知识的综合运用
无提示词的语法填空重难点突破:
1.先判断从句类型--定连接词
(1)定语从句有先行词,先行词在从句中作成分,因此定语从句是缺成分的句子。
(2)名词性从句:宾语从句前有及物动词;系动词后是表语从句;主语从句充当主语,是一个句子作主语,其在谓语动词的前面,主语从句在句首时连接词不能省略。
(3)掌握常用状语从句的连接词,状语从句主要靠句子的意思来确定。
2.利用并列关系--定并列连词
3.利用句子成分和词性的位置--确定冠词、介词和代词
命题预测
(2026·吉林省高三一模)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Wuxi, in East China’s Jiangsu province, 1 a rich musical heritage and innovative development practices, was 2 (official) selected as a part of the Creative Cities Network by UNESCO on Oct 31, 3 (become) China’s first City of Music. The Creative Cities Network was launched by UNESCO in 2004 and creative cities 4 (select) every two years, covering eight major fields, including literature, design, music, film, gastronomy and architecture. Wuxi’s inclusion ensures that China has representative cities across all major fields 5 it shows that Wuxi’s unique urban musical character has gained worldwide 6 (recognize).
with
介词
考点八 无提示词填空基本知识的综合运用
副词
非谓语动词
动词时态和语态
连词
名词
officially
becoming
are selected
and
recognition
命题预测
Over millennia of cultural development, Wuxi has nurtured numerous musical 7 (genius), including Hua Qiuping, Gu Yuxiu, Liu Tianhua, and Hua Yapjun (Ah Bing). Er Quan Ying Yue, 8 erhu masterpiece created by Ah Bing, has lifted Chinese folk music to world-class status. The city’s long musical history has promoted a prosperous music industry, and 9 (consider) as the world’s largest production base for erhu, the Meicun subdistrict is producing nearly 50,000 erhu of various types annually.
In recent years, Wuxi has been actively promoting international music cooperation. The Wuxi Chinese Orchestra and Wuxi Symphony Orchestra have conducted performance tours in several countries in 2025, 10 demonstrates Wuxi’s rich musical traditions and contemporary vitality.
考点八 无提示词填空基本知识的综合运用
geniuses
the
名词复数
冠词
considered
非谓语动词
which
定语从句关系词(共46张PPT)
考点一 形容词变副词
考点二 考查利用逻辑关系解题
考点三 考查利用上下文语境解题
考点四 考查利用固定搭配解题
考点五 考查利用生活常识解题
析·考情精解
01
构·知能架构
02
破·考点攻坚
03
真题动向 考查考生在具体语篇情境中,准确使用词汇的能力
必备知识 利用词汇复现解题
(1)原词或同根词复现
(2)同义词或近义词复现
(3))反义词复现(4)结构复现
关键能力 根据文章上下文语境,查找词汇复习的能力
命题预测 考向 考查上下文语境中,准确使用词汇的能力
剖析考情动向 精研考点分布
析·考情精解
part one
01
析·考情精解
命题轨迹透视 从近三年高考试题来看,完形填空以考查记叙文为主,题目难度适中。命题趋势:在语篇中考查学生快速获取信息的能力,强化语言知识核心素养的培养。 考点频次总结 考点 2025年 2024年 2023年
词汇复现 (2025年全国一卷·完形填空42;1分)(2025年全国一卷·完形填空46;1分) (2024年1月浙江完形填空49) (2023·新高考Ⅱ卷·完形填空47.1分)
(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·完形填空42、43)
(2023年新高考Ⅱ卷·完形填空47)
逻辑关系 (2025年1月·浙江卷·完形填空53,1分)(2025年全国一卷·完形填空45;1分)(2025年全国二卷·完形填空54;1分)(2025年全国二卷·完形填空48;1分)(2025年天津第二次卷·完形填空20;1分) (2024年1月浙江卷完形填空41、42) (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·完形填空54、55)
(2023年新高考Ⅱ卷·完形填空48)
上下文语境 (2025年北京卷·完形填空2,1分)(2025年天津第二次卷·完形填空32,1分) (2024年1月·浙江卷·完形填空42,1分)(2024·全国Ⅱ·完形填空44、46) (2023·新课标Ⅱ卷·完形填空48,1分)(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·完形填空42,1分)
固定搭配 (2025年天津第一次卷·完形填空22,1分)(2025年天津第一次卷·完形填空26,1分)(2025年天津第二次卷·完形填空35,1分) (2024·全国Ⅱ卷·完形填空47)(2024年1月浙江高考卷·完形填空45、46) (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·完形填空48)(2023·全国甲卷·完形填空62)
生活常识 (2025年天津第一次卷·完形填空32,1分)(2025年1月·浙江卷·节选) (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·完形填空47、54)
2026命题
预测 预计在2026年高考中,会以记叙文或夹叙夹议文章为命题情景,考查考生获取信息和逻辑推理的能力,完形填空主要考查学生的逻辑思维能力和语言的得体性,完形填空是必考题型。 构·知能架构
part two
02
搭建知识网络 整合能力体系
构·知能架构
完形综合技巧
利用上下文语境解题
利用生活常识和文化背景解题
原词或同根词复现
利用固定搭配解题
同义或近义词复现
反义词复现
结构复现
转折关系
并列关系
条件关系
让步关系等
瞻前顾后
利用词汇复现解题
利用逻辑关系解题
联系生活常识
考虑文化背景
破·考点攻坚
part three
03
破解考点规律 攻克解题难关
考点一 考查利用词汇复现解题
真题动向
1. (2025年全国一卷·完形填空42;1分) We had decided on key items for the ___42___ we were moving to in town, donated what we could, and rented a place to store our supposedly important objects.
……
I sit in my apartment today,
42. A. hotel B. office C. cottage D. apartment
考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们已经为即将搬到城里的公寓选定了关键物品,尽可能捐赠了能捐的东西,并租了一个地方来存放我们自认为重要的物品。A. hotel 酒店;B. office 办公室;C. cottage 小屋;D. apartment 公寓。根据文章最后一段“I sit in my apartment today”可推知,此处指作者一家人搬到了公寓。故选D。【原词复现】apartment 公寓--apartment 公寓(选项)
【原词复现】
D
2.(2025年全国一卷·完形填空46;1分)I took a picture of the vase and posted it online, for $10. A couple of messages came in, one wanting additional ___26___, another asking for a price cut.
26. A. fees B. photos C. receipts D. models
真题动向
【同义词复现】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:有几条信息进来了,一条想要更多的照片,另一条请求降价。A.fees 费用;B. photos 照片;C. receipts 收据;D. models 模型。根据上文“I took a picture of the vase”及“additional”可推知,此处指有人索要更多照片。故选B。
考点一 考查利用词汇复现解题
B
picture---photo
3.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷·完形填空47.1分)When I met Tiffy’s owners, they seemed very  47 . George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was hard for him, having to leave his dog to a stranger and trust that everything would work out.
47. A. confused B. nervous C. annoyed D. curious
真题动向
【反义复现】
根据空后“George, the husband, was trying to be calm…”可知,作者见到狗的主人时,他们非常紧张。confused困惑的; nervous紧张的; annoyed恼怒的; curious好奇的。故选B项。
考点一 考查利用词汇复现解题
B
nervous--calm
必备知识
利用词汇复现解题
考点一 考查利用词汇复现解题
词汇复现包括原词复现、同义词复现、同根词复现、概括词复现以及结构复现等。完形填空所选的文章都是具有逻辑关系、意义相连的语篇,因此,在行文中不可避免地会出现词语的复现、前后同义或反义、相互照应等现象。所以,解题时应联系上下文寻找相关线索,如某一个词的原词、指代词、同义词、近义词、上义词、下义词和概括词等。但由于我们在做题时不可能总是重复地阅读文章,因此,在做完形填空时要培养一种捕捉并记忆相关信息的能力。
(1)原词或同根词复现
原词或同根词复现是指相同的单词或同根词在原文中反复出现,达到衔接文章的目的。
必备知识
考点一 考查利用词汇复现解题
(2)同义词或近义词复现
同义词或近义词复现是指意义相同或相近的单词在原文中反复出现,以达到衔接文章的目的。在做完形填空试题时,就可以利用这种衔接方式找到要填入单词的同义词或者近义词,从而也就找到了试题的答案。这也包括了同源词复现,即相同词根构成的不同词性的单词在文章中反复出现。
(3))反义词复现
反义词复现是指和前文中词义相反的单词在原文中出现,以达到衔接文章的目的。我们可以利用这一衔接手段在文章中寻找要填入单词的反义词。
(4)结构复现
有时空格处的信息并不局限于与前一句中某个信息点的重复,可能是与前几句中的某个信息点的重复,也不局限于同词复现或同义复现,甚至连句式结构都非常类似。
命题预测
1. (2026·海南一模预测)“Sorry,” I whispered, “I’ll be more patient. Thank you for teaching me. ” She looked surprised, but accepted it. Removing “hurry up” from my speech is easy; developing 9 is hard.
9.A.vision B.awareness C.patience D.closeness
考查名词词义辨析。句意:不再说“快点”很容易,培养耐心却很难。A. vision视野;B. awareness意识;C. patience耐心;D. closeness亲密。根据上文“I’ll be more patient”以及语境可知,前文提到作者向孩子承诺会更有耐心,再结合“easy”和“hard”的对比可知,此处指培养耐心的难度,patience为原词复现,符合语境。故选C项。
考点一 考查利用词汇复现解题
C
【原词复现】
命题预测
2. (2026·江苏省如皋市高三教学质量调研(二)Several years ago, I was teaching in Melbourne. Like many British people exploring Australia, I seized every opportunity to 1 around the far corners of the country. On a trip to Arnhem Land in the Northern Territories with three friends, we camped and hiked in a wild area crowded with crocodiles and other deadly creatures, which understandably made me nervous as a visitor from Britain in unfamiliar surroundings.
1.A.journey B.watch C.play D.run
考查动词词义辨析。句意:和许多在澳大利亚探险的英国人一样,我抓住每一个机会去这个国家的偏远角落旅行。A. journey旅行;B. watch观看;C. play玩耍;D. run奔跑。根据后文“On a trip to Arnhem Land”的原词复现可知,作者是抓住机会去澳大利亚各地“旅行”。故选A项。
考点一 考查利用词汇复现解题
A
【同义词复现】
考点二 考查利用逻辑关系解题
真题动向
1. (2025年1月·浙江卷·完形填空53,1分)节选“But it’s also a great ___53___, for it can sometimes take days to organise a single event,” Ribeiro said.
53. A. lesson B. pleasure C. success D. challenge
考查名词词义辨析。但是这也是一个巨大的挑战,因为组织一场活动有时需要几天的时间。”lesson 教训;pleasure 快乐;success 成功;challenge 挑战。此处for是并列连词,表示原因,因为需要几天的时间准备,所以是有困难的,是一种挑战。故选D。
【因果关系】
D
考点二 考查利用逻辑关系解题
真题动向
2.(2025年全国一卷·完形填空45;1分)That left a house still stuffed with things that, while not particularly ___45___, didn’t belong in a landfill (垃圾填埋场).
45. A. conventional B. valuable C. complicated D. tolerable
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这使得房子里仍然堆满了那些虽然不是特别值钱,但不应该放在垃圾填埋场的东西。A. conventional 传统的;B. valuable 有价值的;C. complicated 复杂的;D. tolerable 可容忍的。根据上文“while not particularly”以及下文“didn’t belong in a landfill”可推知,此处指虽不贵重但不应丢弃的物品。故选B。
【转折关系】
B
考点二 考查利用逻辑关系解题
真题动向
3.(2025年全国二卷·完形填空54;1分)Ms Donohue used to be laughed at for being too old to work out, but she has proved the ___54___ wrong in the best possible way and has indeed become an inspiration or many social media users.
54. A. instructors B. admirers C. beginners D. doubters
考查名词词义辨析。句意:Donohue女士曾因年纪太大不适合锻炼而遭人嘲笑,但她以最好的方式证明了怀疑者的错误,确实成为了许多社交媒体用户的灵感来源。A. instructors讲师;B. admirers管理员;C. beginners初学者;D. doubters持怀疑态度的人。根据上文“Ms Donohue used to be laughed at for being too old to work out, but she has proved the”以及下文“wrong in the best possible way”可推知,此处指Donohue女士用自己的方式证明怀疑者错了。故选D。
【转折关系】
D
考点二 考查利用逻辑关系解题
真题动向
4.(2025年全国二卷·完形填空48;1分)Since setting out on the journey, the fitness lover has not only managed to ___48___ an impressive set of muscles — but also a huge following on social media.
48. A. grow B. control C. activate D. relax
考查动词词义辨析。句意:自从踏上这段旅程以来,这位健身爱好者不仅产生了令人惊叹的肌肉,还在社交媒体上收获了庞大的粉丝群。A. grow形成,产生;B. control控制;C. activate激活;D. relax放松。根据下文“an impressive set of muscles”可推知,此处指她练出肌肉,即产生肌肉。故选A。
【并列关系】
A
考点二 考查利用逻辑关系解题
真题动向
5.(2025年天津第二次卷·完形填空20;1分)However, I only made the B team, 20 I worked my hardest. I didn’t understand why until I saw the new A team, crowded with players that all towered over me.
20.A.as if B.in case C.now that D.even though
考查连词词义辨析。句意:然而,我只入选了B队——尽管我全力以赴了。A. as if好像;B. in case万一;C. now that既然;D. even though即使。根据上文“I only made the B team”以及后文“I worked my hardest”可知为转折关系,even though引导让步状语从句。故选D。
D
必备知识
利用行文逻辑解题
完形填空首先考查的就是考生对文章的理解能力。因此考生在做完形填空时,应把它看作一个意思连贯、结构完整的语篇,而不是单项填空。做题时要善于利用段首句或首段最大限度地获取信息。完形填空的首句或前几句话一般都是完整的,为考生提供足够的信息去挖掘文章的思路,而且,这里往往包含主题句,为理解文章大意和主要内容提供必要的线索。此外,完形填空是具有完整内容且按照一定思路发展的文章,各段及各句之间都有逻辑上的必然联系,因此还要注意把握文章发展的基本线索,搞清段与段、句与句之间的逻辑关系。
考点二 考查利用逻辑关系解题
必备知识
考生首先要树立起语篇概念,抓住文章主题思想,理清其结构布局, 明辨句子之间以及段落之间的关系,利用句与句、句群与句群之间的逻辑关系解题。句子之间的逻辑关系主要包括:并列关系(连接词有and,while等);转折关系(连接词有but,however,whereas,nevertheless等);因果关系(连接词有so,therefore,thus,because, for,since,as等);让步关系(连接词或短语有though,although,despite, in spite of等);条件关系(连接词或短语有if,unless, once,provided that,in case of等);解释关系(连接词或短语有i.e.,that is to say, in other words等);顺序关系(连接词有before,after,and,first,second,then,next, finally等)。
完形填空的句子内部、句与句之间以及段落之间往往都存在一定的逻辑关系,有些题目就是考查这些逻辑关系,因此可以借助并列连词和从属连词等表示逻辑关系的标志词,理清上下文逻辑关系,快速解题。
考点二 考查利用逻辑关系解题
命题预测
1. (2026·河南省开封市高三一模)Seeing this frightening scene, his wife rushed him to the hospital immediately. There he was diagnosed with a serious health issue linked to Type 1 diabetes, which he had since he was 10. “I had been trying to stop the progression of the condition. 24 , by October 2018, I was told I needed eye surgery.
24.A.Therefore B.However C.Otherwise D.Besides
考查副词词义辨析。句意:然而,到了2018年10月,我被告知需要做眼部手术。A. Therefore因此;B. However然而;C. Otherwise否则;D. Besides此外。前文说努力阻止,后文说还是需要手术,存在转折关系,用however。故选B。
考点二 考查利用逻辑关系解题
B
命题预测
2.(2026·青海省七校高三联考)Aunt Charlotte is soon going to be 100 years old. When I was a boy, we travelled to the city she lived in and visited her each summer. We stayed in her house for a week. She and my mom acted like best friends more than 42 .
42.A.colleagues B.brothers C.sisters D.warriors
考查名词词义辨析。句意:她和我妈妈相处得更像是最好的朋友,而不只是姐妹。A. colleagues 同事;B. brothers兄弟;C. sisters姐妹;D. warriors勇士。根据上文“Aunt Charlotte”和“my mom”可知,两人是姐妹关系。故选C。
考点二 考查利用逻辑关系解题
C
【逻辑关系及常识】
考点三 考查利用上下文语境解题
真题动向
1.(2025年北京卷·完形填空2,1分)节选 One day, during a class in the IT lab with my classmates, our teacher mentioned missing computer parts. 2 looks exchanged, everyone wondered how it could happen in a locked lab. “It’s possible to open that lock with another key,” I said.
2.A.Curious B.Hopeful C.Distant D.Envious
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:大家交换着好奇的眼神,都想知道在一个锁着的实验室里怎么会发生这种事。A. Curious好奇的;B. Hopeful有希望的;C. Distant遥远的;D. Envious嫉妒的。根据后文“everyone wondered how it could happen”可知,大家对电脑零件丢失这件事感到好奇。故选A项。
A
考点三 考查利用上下文语境解题
真题动向
2.(2025年天津第二次卷·完形填空32,1分)节选 When our coach needed a(n) example, I was the first to raise my hand. When my teammates needed help with a skill, I 32 taught them over and over again.
32.A.nervously B.patiently C.gratefully D.hesitantly
考查副词词义辨析。句意:当我的队友们在某项技能上需要帮助时,我便耐心地一遍又一遍地指导他们。A. nervously紧张地;B. patiently耐心地;C. gratefully感谢地;D. hesitantly犹豫地。根据后文“over and over again”可知,作者耐心指导队友。故选B。
B
考点三 考查利用上下文语境解题
真题动向
3. (2024年1月·浙江卷·完形填空42,1分)节选
A young Chinese man 42 me on the train. My new friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the chance to practice my Chinese.
42.A.treated B.saved C.lectured D.approached
句意:一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向我走来。A. treated对待;B. saved拯救;C. lectured演讲;D. approached靠近。根据后文“me on the train”以及后文两人交谈,可知一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向作者走来。故选D。
D
根据下文语境解题I happily took the chance to practice my Chinese我很高兴地抓住这个机会去练习了我的中文。可知,只有两个人离得近了才能进行对话。所以一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向我走来。选approached。
考点三 考查利用上下文语境解题
真题动向
4. (2023·新课标Ⅱ卷·完形填空48,1分)When I met Tiffy's owners, they seemed very nervous. George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was 48 for him, having to leave his dog to a stranger and trust that everything would work out.
48.A. hard B.fine C.common D.Lucky
5.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·完形填空42,1分)节选 On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have finished the course earlier than she did. Her ____42____ came because she was carrying a competitior across the finish line.
42. A. delay B. chance C. trouble D. excuse
利用语境暗示分析法解题。根据本空后having to leave his dog的暗示可推知,由于不得不将宠物狗交到他人手中,要保持镇定对主人而言是非常难的。
A
A
考点三 考查利用上下文语境解题
真题动向
本题可以利用语境分析法解题。考查名词词义辨析。句意:她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。A. delay延误;B. chance机会;C. trouble麻烦;D. excuse借口。根据上文“Melanie Bailey should have ____ the course earlier than she did”和上一题的解析可知,Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛,她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。故选A。
根据上下文语境解题是最常用的方法。考生在做题时要有全局观念,进行连贯性思维,做题时要把每个空白处的含义与前后句的意思联系起来理解,进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。难选之处前后通常多有暗示,这种暗示多为后面暗示前面。
必备知识
利用上下文语境解题
完形填空题主要考查学生对语境的理解能力,所以空处的前后多有暗示(下文暗示上文的居多)。学生在做题时,一定要从整体上把握文章的内容,弄清文章的结构和文章的内在逻辑关系。
考点三 考查利用上下文语境解题
前瞻后望
下文或最后的题目从上文中寻线索
需“前瞻后望”
联系空处与上下文语境
需“前瞻”
需“后望”
开头的题目从下文中寻线索
中间的题目从上下文中寻线索
命题预测
1. (2026·河南省开封市高三一模)During the first nine months, Scott was 48 to move around by himself in case anything happened. To regain some independence, he started using a stick, though it did little to ease the sense of disability.
48.A.tired B.determined C.scared D.ashamed
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:在最初的九个月里,斯科特一直不敢独自行动,生怕发生什么意外。A. tired疲惫的;B. determined坚定的;C. scared害怕的;D. ashamed羞愧的。根据后文“to move around by himself in case anything happened”可知,刚失明的人通常害怕独自行动,故选C。
考点三 考查利用上下文语境解题
C
命题预测
2. (2026·河南省开封市高三一模)Hope finally returned after Scott was paired with Milo, a guide dog. They instantly connected. “I can remember going for our first walk and it made me feel 52 , ‘just someone walking their dog’.”
52.A.normal B.upset C.convenient D.hesitant
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:“我还记得我们第一次出门散步的情景,那让我感觉一切都很正常,就像‘只是人在遛狗’那样。”A. normal正常的;B. upset沮丧的;C. convenient方便的;D. hesitant犹豫的。根据后文“just someone walking their dog”可知,像普通人一样,说明感觉恢复了正常。故选A。
考点三 考查利用上下文语境解题
A
命题预测
3.(2026·福建省宁德市闽东三校高三月考)However, my life 43 in a millisecond. I was 100 meters from his house when a pigeon crashed into my open helmet. In shock, I swerved (急转弯) straight into a parked car, hitting my head hard on the ground.
43.A.collapsed B.disappeared C.awakened D.brightened
考查动词词义辨析。句意:然而,我的人生在一毫秒内崩塌了。A. collapsed崩塌;B. disappeared消失;C. awakened唤醒;D. brightened使明亮。根据下文“I was 100 meters from his house when a pigeon crashed into my open helmet. In ______ , I swerved (急转弯) straight into a parked car, hitting my head hard on the ground.”可知,作者发生车祸,人生瞬间遭遇了重大变故。故选A。
考点三 考查利用上下文语境解题
A
命题预测
4. (2026·河南省开封市高三一模)Subsequently, he continued studying and earned a master’s degree in psychotherapy. Eager to find a new passion, Scott even joined a sport club. Now he 55 his life will be exciting in a new way.
55.A.anticipates B.confirms C.demonstrates D.guarantees
考查动词词义辨析。句意:现在他期待自己的生活会以一种全新的方式变得充满刺激。A. anticipates期望,预期;B. confirms确认;C. demonstrates表明;D. guarantees保证。根据后文“his life will be exciting in a new way”可知,是对未来的展望,所以是预期/期待。故选A。
考点三 考查利用上下文语境解题
A
考点四 考查利用固定搭配解题
真题动向
1.(2025年天津第一次卷·完形填空22,1分)节选 Upon arriving, he found the piano in very rough shape — dust was everywhere, and there was a gluey substance under the keys that 22 them from working.
22.A.rescued B.defended C.liberated D.prevented
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. rescued拯救;B. defended防御;C. liberated解放;D. prevented阻止。根据前文“there was a gluey substance under the keys”和后文“them from working”可知,这种粘性物质导致琴键无法正常工作,prevent...from doing是固定搭配,意为“阻止……做……”。故选D。
prevent...from doing意为“阻止……做……”
D
考点四 考查利用固定搭配解题
真题动向
2.(2025年天津第一次卷·完形填空26,1分)节选 The cleaning was a big challenge. That left him with about 45 minutes before he’d have to 26 to catch his flight. So he did the fastest tuning.
26.A.flee B.wander C.slide D.race
考查动词词义辨析。句意:在他不得不匆忙赶飞机之前,他还剩下大约45分钟的时间。A. flee逃跑;B. wander徘徊;C. slide滑动;D. race跑去。根据后文“to catch his flight”可知,时间紧迫,他需要匆忙去赶飞机,race to do有“匆忙去做某事”的含义。故选D。
race to do“匆忙去做某事”
D
考点四 考查利用固定搭配解题
真题动向
3.(2025年天津第二次卷·完形填空35,1分)节选 Optimism is a palette, with which you can paint your own light in the darkness, shelter in a storm, and most importantly, a better 35 of yourself!
35.A.appearance B.shape C.identity D.version
考查名词词义辨析。句意:乐观就像一盏调色盘,借助它,你可以在黑暗中描绘出属于自己的光芒,在风暴中找到庇护,而最重要的是,能塑造出一个更好的自己!A. appearance外表;B. shape形状;C. identity身份;D. version版本。根据上文“My effort paid off as”以及“something I could have never achieved on the A team”可知,作者因为乐观,在B队也取得了进步,即,乐观让作者成为了更好的自己,a better version of yourself此处表示“更出色的自己”。故选D。
D
必备知识
利用固定搭配解题
英语语言中的很多词汇均以短语搭配的形式出现,完形填空中的词汇也不例外。很多时候,在分析语境、理清空白处含义的基础上,利用对词汇前后搭配的分析可以快速、准确地推断完形填空的未知信息。所谓前后搭配主要是指动词(名词、形容词等)与介词的搭配、动词与其宾语的搭配、句式结构和各种习惯搭配。在解答完形填空题时,充分考虑这些搭配关系,有助于我们做出正确选择。
值得注意的是:英语完形填空中的词义辨析,大多是利用短语和语境解题,与词义辨析没什么关系。
考点四 考查利用固定搭配解题
命题预测
1.(2026·河南省开封市高三一模)But the hospital was too busy to 25 it in, so in February 2019, I experienced bleeding which resulted in my blindness,” says Scott. “I do feel some regret it might not have ended like this if I had had the surgery earlier.”
25.A.fit B.take C.put D.call
考查动词词义辨析。句意:“但医院当时太忙了,无法为我安排手术,所以就在2019年2月,我出现了出血症状,最终导致失明。”斯科特说道。A. fit适合;B. take带走;C. put放置;D. call打电话。根据上文“But the hospital was too busy to”可知,这里指医院排期满了,无法把他的手术安排进去,fit in“安排时间 / 安排进去”。故选A。
A
考点四 考查利用固定搭配解题
命题预测
2.(2026·T8联考)Soon, a motorcycle roared behind me. It was that young man! Anxiety rose from my mind. I 49 my phone to call 911, only to find it gone. “She stole it!” I thought, regretting my act of kindness. The biker kept signaling me to stop, waving something — my phone!
49.A.plugged in B.picked up C.held on to D.reached for
考查动词短语辨析。句意:我伸手去拿手机拨打 911,却发现手机不见了。A. plugged in插上;B. picked up捡起;C. held on to坚持;D. reached for伸手去取。前文“Soon, a motorcycle roared behind me.”提到作者身后有摩托车驶来,结合空后“to call 911”可知,作者应是伸手去拿手机报警,故选D。
D
考点四 考查利用固定搭配解题
考点五 考查利用生活常识解题
真题动向
1.(2025年天津第一次卷·完形填空32,1分)节选A video was posted on TikTok showing how he cleaned and tuned the piano, which has received more than 1,500 32 . “So glad the piano is restored, Thank you for bringing a new life to the piano!” one person wrote.
32.A.invitations B.awards C.comments D.offers
考查名词词义辨析。句意:TikTok上发布了一段他清洁和调音钢琴的视频,收到了1500多条评论。A. invitations邀请;B. awards奖项;C. comments评论;D. offers提供。根据前文“A video was posted on TikTok”可知,视频发布在社交平台上,收到的应是网友的评论,后文也引用了网友的留言。故选C。
根据生活常识:手机或电脑上评论就是comments。
C
考点五 考查利用生活常识解题
真题动向
2.(2025年1月·浙江卷·节选)Ribeiro ___44___ ?35 per person for what is usually a three-course meal that can last up to three hours.
44. A. pays B. charges C. owes D. raises
考查语境理解及词的语法。句意:里贝罗每人收费35美元,通常是三道菜,可持续3个小时。根据后面的内容:what is usually a three-course meal that can last up to three hours. 通常是顿三道菜的饭,可以持续三个小时。
根据生活常识:享受了三道菜的一顿饭,再加上3个小时的服务,理应收取费用,故用charges。
B
考点五 考查利用生活常识解题
真题动向
3.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·节选)Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with aid. She couldn’t. Bailey then  47  to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get medical attention.
47. A. went away B. stood up C. stepped aside D. bent down
根据下文“…let Lenoue climb onto her back…”可知,Bailey弯下腰,让Lenoue爬到她的背上。故选D。go away离开; stand up站起来; step aside让位; bend down弯腰。
根据常识自然是弯下腰,让Lenoue爬到她的背上。
D
必备知识
利用生活常识解题
跨文化思考意识是中学英语《新课程标准》中要求的基本准则之一。因此考生在备考过程中,应该有意识地利用有关资料,了解一些有关中西方文化差异的知识来完善自己的知识系统。完形填空题中有时就渗透着相关的,如科学、历史、文化、风俗民情等方面的知识。如果考生掌握了丰富的文化背景知识和生活常识,就具备了一定的判断能力,可以大大简化复杂的分析过程和判断过程。这就要求考生平时既要多体验生活,又要扩大阅读面,增强自己这方面的知识储备,避免常识性错误。同时,还要注意中西方文化的差异,避免出现汉语式表达或理解。
完形填空题所选的文章多是具有一定故事情节和教育意义的记叙文,这些语篇都非常贴近学生的生活,涉及日常生活常识的试题就在所难免。所以考生在解题时,可以根据这些常识做出正确选择。
考点五 考查利用生活常识解题
必备知识
完形填空的语篇信息常交织渗透着各类相关的文化背景知识:有些选项的设置与文化背景有关,这就要求考生有较宽的知识面,同时具备一定的文化意识,特别要有对英语国家文化的敏感性和鉴别力,只有这样才能既快又准确地解题。
【总结方法】
生活是一本书,世事洞明皆学问。完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着三者如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。能够根据生活常识答题,也是完形填空要考查的一个方面。学生在把握全文意思的基础上,有时还需要根据生活常识和一般情理进行选择。
考点五 考查利用生活常识解题
背景常识
联系生活常识
结合语境,做出合乎情理的判断
考虑文化背景
命题预测
1.(2026·福建省宁德市闽东三校高三月考)Birthdays are always a big deal in my family. We love any 41 for spending time together. Last May, it was my dad’s 60th birthday, so I decided to ride my motorbike to his house to celebrate.
41.A.promise B.occasion C.decision D.request
考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们喜欢任何能一起共度时光的场合。A. promise承诺;B. occasion场合;C. decision决定;D. request请求。根据上文“Birthdays are always a big deal in my family.”以及常识可知,生日是家人团聚的好场合。故选B。
B
考点五 考查利用生活常识解题
命题预测
2.(2026·福建省宁德市闽东三校高三月考)When I woke up one week later, my memory of the accident was gone. I was told the whole story, and was 49 when the doctors listed my injuries. I watched the recorded video repeatedly to try to piece together what happened, but it didn’t feel real.
49.A.embarrassed B.frightened C.annoyed D.disappointed
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我被告知了整个故事,当医生列出我的伤势时,我感到很害怕。A. embarrassed尴尬的;B. frightened害怕的;C. annoyed恼怒的;D. disappointed失望的。根据下文“when the doctors listed my injuries.”以及常识可知,当得知自己伤势严重时,会感到害怕。故选B。
B
考点五 考查利用生活常识解题
命题预测
3.(2026·T8联考)At her apartment, a young man, wearing long hair, on a motorcycle, was smiling at me, but appearing threatening. I quickly 48 her things, and then quickly drove away.
48.A.unloaded B.unpacked C.carried D.fetched
考查动词词义辨析。句意:我迅速帮她把东西卸下来,然后迅速驾车离开了。A. unloaded卸下,取下;B. unpacked打开;C. carried携带;D. fetched取来。根据下文“and then quickly drove away”及生活常识可知,作者离开之前应是把老妇人的东西从车上卸下来,故选A。
A
考点五 考查利用生活常识解题