U3 Environmental protection 直接引语与间接引语 学案 选必三 （含答案）
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| 名称 | U3 Environmental protection 直接引语与间接引语 学案 选必三 （含答案） |
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| 文件大小 | 367.1KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2026-03-01 00:00:00 | ||
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/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
直接引语与间接引语学案
(选必三U3 Environmental protection)
教学重点 · 核心转换规则：人称遵循一随主、二随宾、三不变；· 时态变化：主句为一般过去时，引语时态倒退一步，掌握两种时态不变的特殊情况（主句现时时态 / 引语为客观真理）；· 标志性词汇转换：熟记时间、地点、指示代词及方向性动词的对应转换（this→that、here→there、come→go 等）；· 句式转换：陈述句用 that 引导（可省），一般疑问句用 if/whether，特殊疑问句保留疑问词，均变陈述语序；祈使句转换为tell/ask/order sb. (not) to do结构；· 固定用法：间接引语无引号，多为宾语从句形式。
教学难点 · 时态转换的灵活判断，尤其是时态不变场景的精准识别和过去完成时的正确运用；· 复杂语境中人称的连续转换，避免多个人称并存时的混淆；· 时间、地点等标志性词汇的对应记忆与准确转换，防止遗漏或误用；· 疑问句转间接引语时语序的正确调整，避免保留疑问语序。
一、概念回顾
直接引语：直接引用别人的原话，放在引号内。
间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话，不作直接引用，无引号，多为宾语从句。
二、转换核心注意事项
1. 人称变化：一随主，二随宾，三不变
一随主：直接引语中的第一人称，随主句主语变
例：He said, “I am tired.”
→ He said that he was tired.
二随宾：直接引语中的第二人称，随主句宾语变
例：She said to me, “You are right.”
→ She told me that I was right.
三不变：第三人称不变化
例：He said, “She is a teacher.”
→ He said that she was a teacher.
2. 时态变化（主句为一般过去时，引语时态倒退一步）
一般现在时 → 一般过去时
例：He said, “I like apples.” → He said that he liked apples.
现在进行时 → 过去进行时
例：She said, “I am reading.” → She said that she was reading.
一般将来时 → 过去将来时（will → would）
例：He said, “I will go.” → He said that he would go.
现在完成时 → 过去完成时
例：She said, “I have finished.” → She said that she had finished.
一般过去时 → 过去完成时
例：He said, “I saw her.” → He said that he had seen her.
时态不变的两种情况（必考）
① 主句为现在时/现在完成时，时态不变
例：He says, “I am happy.” → He says that he is happy.
② 引语为客观真理、自然规律，时态永远不变
例：The teacher said, “The earth goes around the sun.”
→ The teacher said that the earth goes around the sun.
3. 时间、地点、指示词变化
变化项目 直接引语 间接引语
指示代词 this that
these those
时间状语 today, tonight that day, that night
this week/month… that week / month …
yesterday the day before
ten days /weeks…ago ten days /weeks…before
tomorrow/next year… the next day/year…
地点状语 here there
方向性动词 come go
bring take
4. 句式结构变化
陈述句：用 that 引导（可省），语序不变
一般疑问句：用 if / whether 引导，变陈述语序
例：He asked, “Do you like English ”
→ He asked if/whether I liked English.
特殊疑问句：保留疑问词，变陈述语序
例：She asked, “Where do you live ”
→ She asked where I lived.
祈使句：tell/ask/order sb. (not) to do
例：He said to me, “Open the door.”
→ He told me to open the door.
一、基础填空题
要求：将直接引语改为间接引语。
1. He says, “I am a student.”
He says that he ______ a student.
2. She said, “I like music.”
She said that she ______ music.
3. Tom said, “I am watching TV.”
Tom said that he ______ ______ TV.
4. My sister said, “I will go to Beijing.”
My sister said that she ______ go to Beijing.
5. He said, “I have finished my homework.”
He said that he ______ ______ his homework.
6. She said, “I went to the park yesterday.”
She said that she ______ ______ to the park______ ______ _______ .
7. The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east.”
The teacher said that the sun ______ in the east.
8. He asks, “Do you like English ”
He asks ______ I like English.
9. She asked me, “Where do you work ”
She asked me where ______ ______.
10. He said to me, “Please sit down.”
He ______ me to sit down.
二、提升填空题
要求：将下列直接引语整句改为间接引语。
1. She said to me, “I can play the piano.”
______________________________________________________________________________________
2. They said, “We are visiting the factory now.”
______________________________________________________________________________________
3. “Will you come to my party next Sunday ” she asked me.
______________________________________________________________________________________
4. He said, “I had learned 3000 words before I entered the school.”
______________________________________________________________________________________
5. My mother said to me, “Don’t forget to close the window.”
______________________________________________________________________________________
6. “Where did you buy this bag ” she asked him.
______________________________________________________________________________________
7. The teacher said to us, “The earth runs around the sun.”
______________________________________________________________________________________
8. “How long have you lived in this city ” he asked me.
______________________________________________________________________________________
9. “I will help you with your English,” he said to me.
______________________________________________________________________________________
“Were you doing your homework at that moment ” Tom asked me.
______________________________________________________________________________________
三、翻译题
1. 他说他第二天会来看我。
____________________________________________________________________________________
2. 老师告诉我们光比声音传播得快。
____________________________________________________________________________________
3. 她问我是否已经完成了作业。
____________________________________________________________________________________
4. 爸爸让我不要在街上玩。____________________________________________________________________________________
5. 他问我当时在做什么。
____________________________________________________________________________________
四、高考真题精选
1. (2023全国) He said that he ______ (lose) his key the day before.
2. (2023全国) She asked what I ______ (do) at that moment.
3. (2022全国) The teacher said that light ______ (travel) faster than sound.
4. (2022全国) He asked if I ______ (go) to the park the next day.
5. (2021新高考) She said she ______ (not see) the film before.
6. (2021新高考) He told me he ______ (visit) the museum a week earlier.
7. (2020全国) They asked how many times I ______ (be) to Beijing.
8. (2020全国) The boy said he ______ (help) his sister the next day.
9. (2019全国) She asked if I ______ (go) shopping with her that afternoon.
10. (2019全国) He said he ______ (call) me as soon as he arrived.
11. (2018全国) The teacher said we ______ (must) listen carefully in class.
12. (2018全国) She asked where he ______ (buy) the book.
13. (2017全国) He said he ______ (work) there since 2010.
14. (2017全国) She told me she ______ (miss) the bus that morning.
15. (2016全国) They asked whether I ______ (like) music.
参考答案
基础填空答案
1. is
2. liked
3. was watching
4. would
5. had finished
6. had gone; the day before
7. rises
8. if / whether
9. I worked
10. asked
提升填空（整句改写）答案
1. She told me that she could play the piano.
2. They said that they were visiting the factory then.
3. She asked me if/whether I would go to her party the next Sunday.
4. He said that he had learned 3000 words before he entered the school.
5. My mother told me not to forget to close the window.
6. She asked him where he had bought that bag.
7. The teacher told us that the earth runs around the sun.
8. He asked me how long I had lived in that city.
9. He told me that he would help me with my English.
10. Tom asked me if/whether I was doing my homework at that moment.
翻译题答案
1. He said that he would come to see me the next day.
2. The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.
3. She asked me if I had finished my homework.
4. Father told me not to play in the street.
5. He asked me what I was doing at that time.
高考真题答案
1. had lost
2. was doing
3. travels
4. would go
5. had not seen
6. had visited
7. had been
8. would help
9. would go
10. would call
11. must
12. had bought
13. had worked
14. had missed
15. liked
目标导航
知识精炼
基础过关
能力提升
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
直接引语与间接引语学案
(选必三U3 Environmental protection)
教学重点 · 核心转换规则：人称遵循一随主、二随宾、三不变；· 时态变化：主句为一般过去时，引语时态倒退一步，掌握两种时态不变的特殊情况（主句现时时态 / 引语为客观真理）；· 标志性词汇转换：熟记时间、地点、指示代词及方向性动词的对应转换（this→that、here→there、come→go 等）；· 句式转换：陈述句用 that 引导（可省），一般疑问句用 if/whether，特殊疑问句保留疑问词，均变陈述语序；祈使句转换为tell/ask/order sb. (not) to do结构；· 固定用法：间接引语无引号，多为宾语从句形式。
教学难点 · 时态转换的灵活判断，尤其是时态不变场景的精准识别和过去完成时的正确运用；· 复杂语境中人称的连续转换，避免多个人称并存时的混淆；· 时间、地点等标志性词汇的对应记忆与准确转换，防止遗漏或误用；· 疑问句转间接引语时语序的正确调整，避免保留疑问语序。
一、概念回顾
直接引语：直接引用别人的原话，放在引号内。
间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话，不作直接引用，无引号，多为宾语从句。
二、转换核心注意事项
1. 人称变化：一随主，二随宾，三不变
一随主：直接引语中的第一人称，随主句主语变
例：He said, “I am tired.”
→ He said that he was tired.
二随宾：直接引语中的第二人称，随主句宾语变
例：She said to me, “You are right.”
→ She told me that I was right.
三不变：第三人称不变化
例：He said, “She is a teacher.”
→ He said that she was a teacher.
2. 时态变化（主句为一般过去时，引语时态倒退一步）
一般现在时 → 一般过去时
例：He said, “I like apples.” → He said that he liked apples.
现在进行时 → 过去进行时
例：She said, “I am reading.” → She said that she was reading.
一般将来时 → 过去将来时（will → would）
例：He said, “I will go.” → He said that he would go.
现在完成时 → 过去完成时
例：She said, “I have finished.” → She said that she had finished.
一般过去时 → 过去完成时
例：He said, “I saw her.” → He said that he had seen her.
时态不变的两种情况（必考）
① 主句为现在时/现在完成时，时态不变
例：He says, “I am happy.” → He says that he is happy.
② 引语为客观真理、自然规律，时态永远不变
例：The teacher said, “The earth goes around the sun.”
→ The teacher said that the earth goes around the sun.
3. 时间、地点、指示词变化
变化项目 直接引语 间接引语
指示代词 this that
these those
时间状语 today, tonight that day, that night
this week/month… that week / month …
yesterday the day before
ten days /weeks…ago ten days /weeks…before
tomorrow/next year… the next day/year…
地点状语 here there
方向性动词 come go
bring take
4. 句式结构变化
陈述句：用 that 引导（可省），语序不变
一般疑问句：用 if / whether 引导，变陈述语序
例：He asked, “Do you like English ”
→ He asked if/whether I liked English.
特殊疑问句：保留疑问词，变陈述语序
例：She asked, “Where do you live ”
→ She asked where I lived.
祈使句：tell/ask/order sb. (not) to do
例：He said to me, “Open the door.”
→ He told me to open the door.
一、基础填空题
要求：将直接引语改为间接引语。
1. He says, “I am a student.”
He says that he ______ a student.
2. She said, “I like music.”
She said that she ______ music.
3. Tom said, “I am watching TV.”
Tom said that he ______ ______ TV.
4. My sister said, “I will go to Beijing.”
My sister said that she ______ go to Beijing.
5. He said, “I have finished my homework.”
He said that he ______ ______ his homework.
6. She said, “I went to the park yesterday.”
She said that she ______ ______ to the park______ ______ _______ .
7. The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east.”
The teacher said that the sun ______ in the east.
8. He asks, “Do you like English ”
He asks ______ I like English.
9. She asked me, “Where do you work ”
She asked me where ______ ______.
10. He said to me, “Please sit down.”
He ______ me to sit down.
二、提升填空题
要求：将下列直接引语整句改为间接引语。
1. She said to me, “I can play the piano.”
______________________________________________________________________________________
2. They said, “We are visiting the factory now.”
______________________________________________________________________________________
3. “Will you come to my party next Sunday ” she asked me.
______________________________________________________________________________________
4. He said, “I had learned 3000 words before I entered the school.”
______________________________________________________________________________________
5. My mother said to me, “Don’t forget to close the window.”
______________________________________________________________________________________
6. “Where did you buy this bag ” she asked him.
______________________________________________________________________________________
7. The teacher said to us, “The earth runs around the sun.”
______________________________________________________________________________________
8. “How long have you lived in this city ” he asked me.
______________________________________________________________________________________
9. “I will help you with your English,” he said to me.
______________________________________________________________________________________
“Were you doing your homework at that moment ” Tom asked me.
______________________________________________________________________________________
三、翻译题
1. 他说他第二天会来看我。
____________________________________________________________________________________
2. 老师告诉我们光比声音传播得快。
____________________________________________________________________________________
3. 她问我是否已经完成了作业。
____________________________________________________________________________________
4. 爸爸让我不要在街上玩。____________________________________________________________________________________
5. 他问我当时在做什么。
____________________________________________________________________________________
四、高考真题精选
1. (2023全国) He said that he ______ (lose) his key the day before.
2. (2023全国) She asked what I ______ (do) at that moment.
3. (2022全国) The teacher said that light ______ (travel) faster than sound.
4. (2022全国) He asked if I ______ (go) to the park the next day.
5. (2021新高考) She said she ______ (not see) the film before.
6. (2021新高考) He told me he ______ (visit) the museum a week earlier.
7. (2020全国) They asked how many times I ______ (be) to Beijing.
8. (2020全国) The boy said he ______ (help) his sister the next day.
9. (2019全国) She asked if I ______ (go) shopping with her that afternoon.
10. (2019全国) He said he ______ (call) me as soon as he arrived.
11. (2018全国) The teacher said we ______ (must) listen carefully in class.
12. (2018全国) She asked where he ______ (buy) the book.
13. (2017全国) He said he ______ (work) there since 2010.
14. (2017全国) She told me she ______ (miss) the bus that morning.
15. (2016全国) They asked whether I ______ (like) music.
参考答案
基础填空答案
1. is
2. liked
3. was watching
4. would
5. had finished
6. had gone; the day before
7. rises
8. if / whether
9. I worked
10. asked
提升填空（整句改写）答案
1. She told me that she could play the piano.
2. They said that they were visiting the factory then.
3. She asked me if/whether I would go to her party the next Sunday.
4. He said that he had learned 3000 words before he entered the school.
5. My mother told me not to forget to close the window.
6. She asked him where he had bought that bag.
7. The teacher told us that the earth runs around the sun.
8. He asked me how long I had lived in that city.
9. He told me that he would help me with my English.
10. Tom asked me if/whether I was doing my homework at that moment.
翻译题答案
1. He said that he would come to see me the next day.
2. The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.
3. She asked me if I had finished my homework.
4. Father told me not to play in the street.
5. He asked me what I was doing at that time.
高考真题答案
1. had lost
2. was doing
3. travels
4. would go
5. had not seen
6. had visited
7. had been
8. would help
9. would go
10. would call
11. must
12. had bought
13. had worked
14. had missed
15. liked
目标导航
知识精炼
基础过关
能力提升
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）