/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
2026年春译林版(2024)八年级英语下册核心考点精讲精练
Unit 2 Amazing China
核心词汇
1. 课标三级词汇(必考重点)
词汇 词性 释义 常见搭配/短语 课文例句/拓展
prefer vt. 更喜欢;宁愿 prefer doing sth.(更喜欢做某事);prefer to do sth.(宁愿做某事);prefer A to B(比起B更喜欢A) The penguins there are really cute, but I prefer going on the rides.(那里的企鹅确实很可爱,但我更喜欢去乘坐游乐设施。)
ride n. 供乘骑的游乐设施 fast rides(快速骑乘);go on the rides(乘坐游乐设施) Ocean Park in Hong Kong is famous for its exciting fast rides.(香港海洋公园以其刺激的快速游乐设施而闻名。)
scare vt. 使害怕;惊吓 scare sb.(吓唬某人);scared adj.(害怕的);scary adj.(吓人的) Fast rides scare me!(快速的游乐设施吓到我!)
explore vt./vi. 探索;探险 explore the world(探索世界);explore new places(探索新地方) If I have time to explore a city once again, Xi'an will be my first choice.(如果我有时间再次探索一座城市,西安将是我的首选。)
rest vi. 休息;在于;存放于 rest in(坐落于);have a rest(休息一下) Nanjing, one of the ancient capitals of China, rests in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River.(南京,中国的古都之一,坐落于长江下游。)
reach n. 河段;直水道 the lower reaches of(……的下游) Nanjing rests in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River.(南京坐落于长江下游。)
rich adj. 富有的;丰富的;富饶的 be rich in(富含……);rich culture(丰富的文化) Rich in history and culture, Nanjing has long been a popular tourist attraction.(南京历史文化丰富,长期以来一直是热门旅游景点。)
attraction n. 吸引力;景点,旅游胜地 tourist attraction(旅游景点);places of attraction(名胜) Nanjing has long been a popular tourist attraction.(南京长期以来一直是热门旅游景点。)
choice n. 选择 make a choice(做出选择);have no choice(别无选择);a good choice for...(对……来说是个好选择) Zhongshan Mountain National Park is also a good choice for first-time visitors.(中山国家森林公园对初次来访者来说也是个好选择。)
historic adj. 历史上著名的;有历史意义的 historic buildings(历史建筑);historic site(历史遗迹) The fantastic mountain view and historic buildings there are well worth a visit.(那里绝佳的山景和历史建筑非常值得一游。)
according to prep. 根据;按照 according to the plan(按照计划);according to the weather(根据天气) According to the guide, the colour of the water changes with the seasons.(根据导游介绍,水的颜色随着季节变化。)
period n. 时期;一段时间 during that difficult period(在那段艰难时期) Yan'an was the base of the Communist Party of China during that difficult period.(延安在那段艰难时期是中国共产党的根据地。)
record n. 记录;纪录 set a record(创造纪录);break the record(打破纪录)
classical adj. 古典的 classical gardens(古典园林) Suzhou's classical gardens are a cultural treasure of China.(苏州的古典园林是中国的文化瑰宝。)
theme n. 主题 theme park(主题乐园) I'll stay at home and do some online tours of theme parks like Window of the World.(我会待在家里,对世界之窗这样的主题乐园进行在线游览。)
hero n. 英雄 national hero(民族英雄) We can learn about heroes' great efforts at Yan'an Revolutionary Memorial Hall.(在延安革命纪念馆,我们可以了解英雄们的伟大付出。)
base n. 据点,总部;基础 the base of(……的根据地/基地) Yan'an was the base of the Communist Party of China.(延安是中国共产党的根据地。)
twice adv. 两次 have been to... twice(去过……两次) I hear your dad has been to Guilin on business twice.(我听说你爸爸出差去过桂林两次。)
2. 景点相关词汇
景点词汇 释义 相关描述
Kanas Lake 喀纳斯湖 The colour of the water changes with the seasons and weather.(水的颜色随着季节和天气变化。)
the Potala Palace 布达拉宫 It's a famous palace with a long history.(这是一座有着悠久历史的著名宫殿。)
the Bund 外滩 It's known for its beautiful old buildings along the Huangpu River.(它以黄浦江沿岸美丽的老建筑群而闻名。)
Hongcun Village 宏村 It looks like a painting.(它看起来像一幅画。)
Sun Moon Lake 日月潭 It's the largest lake in Taiwan.(它是台湾最大的湖泊。)
Ocean Park 海洋公园 It's famous for its cute penguins and exciting fast rides.(它以可爱的企鹅和刺激的游乐设施而闻名。)
classical gardens 古典园林 Their designs show off the beauty of natural landscapes. They look like Chinese paintings!(它们的设计展现自然景观之美,看起来像中国画!)
Mount Huangshan 黄山 If you like places of natural beauty, you should go to Mount Huangshan.(如果你喜欢自然美景,你应该去黄山。)
Yan'an 延安 It sits on the banks of the Yanhe River. It was the base of the Communist Party of China.(它坐落在延河之畔,是中国共产党的根据地。)
Jiuzhaigou Valley 九寨沟 It is a popular attraction for nature lovers.(它是自然爱好者的热门景点。)
核心短语
1. 必背短语
短语 释义 课文例句/拓展例句
have been to 去过(某地)【已返回】 Have you been to Xinjiang, Millie (你去过新疆吗,米莉?)
prefer doing sth. 更喜欢做某事 I prefer going on the rides.(我更喜欢去乘坐游乐设施。)
prefer A to B 比起B更喜欢A She prefers dancing to singing.(比起唱歌,她更喜欢跳舞。)
change with 随……而变化 The colour of the water changes with the seasons and weather.(水的颜色随着季节和天气变化。)
according to 根据;按照 According to the weather report, it will be sunny tomorrow.(根据天气预报,明天晴天。)
be known/famous for 以……闻名 The Bund is famous for its beautiful old buildings.(外滩以其美丽的老建筑群而闻名。)
look like 看起来像 Hongcun Village looks like a painting.(宏村看起来像一幅画。)
take turns to do sth. 轮流做某事 take turns to talk about China's amazing places(轮流谈论中国的神奇之地)
show off 炫耀;展现 Their designs show off the beauty of natural landscapes.(它们的设计展现自然景观之美。)
be well worth a visit 非常值得一游 The fantastic mountain view and historic buildings there are well worth a visit.(那里绝佳的山景和历史建筑非常值得一游。)
be rich in 富含;拥有丰富的 Nanjing is rich in history and culture.(南京拥有丰富的历史文化。)
a good choice for... 对……来说是个好选择 Zhongshan Mountain National Park is also a good choice for first-time visitors.(中山国家森林公园对初次来访者来说也是个好选择。)
no matter + 疑问词 无论…… No matter where you stand, there is always a perfect picture in front of you.(无论你站在哪里,眼前总有一幅完美的图画。)
what's more 而且;更重要的是 What's more, you can learn about traditional Chinese culture.(而且,你可以了解中国传统文化。)
give up 放弃 Never give up exploring the beauty of China.(永不放弃探索中国之美。)
do some online tours 进行一些在线游览 I'll stay at home and do some online tours of theme parks.(我会待在家里,对主题乐园进行在线游览。)
2. 短语速查表
分类 短语 释义
景点描述 sit on the banks of 坐落在……河畔
with a long history 拥有悠久历史
be surrounded by 被……环绕
over... metres above sea level 海拔……米以上
date back to 追溯到
旅行经历 go on a trip to 去……旅行
on business 出差
first-time visitor 初次来访者
can't wait to do 迫不及待做某事
让步状语 no matter where 无论在哪里
no matter when 无论何时
no matter how 无论怎样
no matter what 无论什么
逻辑连接 what's more 而且
in a word 总之
such as 比如
核心句型
1. 询问旅行经历(现在完成时)
Have you been to Xinjiang, Millie (你去过新疆吗,米莉?)
I hear your dad has been to Guilin on business twice.(我听说你爸爸出差去过桂林两次。)
Have you ever been to the Great Wall (你曾经去过长城吗?)
2. 表达喜好(prefer的用法)
*The penguins there are really cute, but I prefer going on the rides. *(那里的企鹅确实很可爱,但我更喜欢去乘坐游乐设施。)—— prefer doing sth.
*I prefer living in the countryside to (living in) the city. *(比起城市,我更喜欢住在乡村。)—— prefer A to B
*I prefer to read books rather than watch TV. *(我宁愿看书也不愿看电视。)—— prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.
3. 描述景点特色
*The colour of the water changes with the seasons and weather. *(水的颜色随着季节和天气变化。)—— change with
*It's surrounded by trees and mountains. *(它被树木和群山环绕。)—— be surrounded by
*The Bund in Shanghai is known for its beautiful old buildings along the Huangpu River. *(上海外滩以其黄浦江沿岸美丽的老建筑群而闻名。)—— be known for
*Their designs show off the beauty of natural landscapes. *(它们的设计展现自然景观之美。)—— show off
*The fantastic mountain view and historic buildings there are well worth a visit. *(那里绝佳的山景和历史建筑非常值得一游。)—— be well worth a visit
4. 推荐景点的句型(If you love... you can/should...)
*If you love beaches, you can have fun in Sanya or Qingdao. *(如果你喜欢海滩,你可以在三亚或青岛玩得开心。)
*If you love museums, you should visit them in Beijing or Shanghai. *(如果你喜欢博物馆,你应该去北京或上海参观。)
*If you love exciting rides, you can go to Ocean Park in Hong Kong. *(如果你喜欢刺激的游乐设施,你可以去香港海洋公园。)
*If you like places of natural beauty, you should go to Mount Huangshan or Jiuzhaigou Valley. *(如果你喜欢自然美景,你应该去黄山或九寨沟。)
5. 描述历史文化价值
*Yan'an was the base of the Communist Party of China during that difficult period. *(延安在那段艰难时期是中国共产党的根据地。)
*We can learn about heroes' great efforts at Yan'an Revolutionary Memorial Hall. *(在延安革命纪念馆,我们可以了解英雄们的伟大付出。)
*Suzhou's classical gardens are a cultural treasure of China. *(苏州的古典园林是中国的文化瑰宝。)
*Nanjing is one of the ancient capitals of China, rich in history and culture. *(南京是中国古都之一,拥有丰富的历史文化。)
6. No matter + 疑问词引导让步状语从句
No matter where you stand, there is always a perfect picture in front of you.(无论你站在哪里,眼前总有一幅完美的图画。)
No matter how hard the exam is, believe in yourself.(无论考试多难,你都要相信你自己。)
No matter who you are, kindness matters.(无论你是谁,善良都很重要。)
No matter where you go, I will follow you.(无论你去哪里,我都会跟着你。)
语法聚焦
本单元的核心语法是现在完成时的延续性用法,重点掌握 have/has been to 与 have/has gone to 的区别、for 与 since 的用法、以及延续性动词与非延续性动词的转换。
1. have/has been to 与 have/has gone to 的区别
结构 含义 说明 例句
have/has been to 去过(某地) 表示曾经去过某地,现已返回。可与次数(once, twice)连用。 I have been to Xinjiang twice.(我去过新疆两次。)
have/has gone to 去了(某地) 表示去了某地,尚未返回(可能在途中或已到达)。 He has gone to Guilin.(他去桂林了——现在不在这里。)
have/has been in 待在(某地) 表示在某地待了多长时间(常与时间段连用) She has been in Shanghai for 5 years.(她在上海待了5年了。)
2. for 与 since 的用法
结构 用法 例句
for + 时间段 表示动作或状态持续了多长时间 I have lived here for 10 years.(我在这里住了10年。)
since + 时间点 表示动作或状态从过去某个时间点开始 I have lived here since 2014.(我从2014年就住在这里。)
since + 一般过去时的从句 表示从过去某个动作发生时开始 I have lived here since I was born.(我从出生就住在这里。)
3. 延续性动词与非延续性动词
类别 说明 例句
延续性动词 可以和时间段连用 He has lived here for 5 years.
非延续性动词 不能和时间段连用,需转换为延续性动词 He has arrived for 2 hours.
He has been here for 2 hours.
常用非延续性动词转换表:
非延续性动词 延续性动词/短语
buy have
borrow keep
leave be away (from)
arrive / get to / reach be in / be at
die be dead
join be in / be a member of
marry be married
begin / start be on
重点词汇辨析
1. prefer 的三种搭配
搭配 用法 例句
prefer sth./doing sth. 更喜欢某物/做某事 I prefer going on the rides.
prefer A to B 比起B更喜欢A She prefers dancing to singing.
prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事 I prefer to read books rather than watch TV.
2. famous for / famous as / famous to
短语 用法 例句
be famous for 因……而闻名(后接出名的原因) The Bund is famous for its beautiful old buildings.
be famous as 作为……而闻名(后接身份/职业) He is famous as a writer.
be famous to 为某人所熟知(后接人) He is famous to the young people.
3. one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 复数名词
结构: one of + the + 最高级 + 复数名词(谓语动词用单数)
含义: 最……之一
例句: Nanjing is one of the ancient capitals of China.(南京是中国古都之一。)
This is one of the best movies.(这是最好的电影之一。)
4. 过去分词作后置定语
结构 用法 例句
名词 + called/named + 名称 被叫做/名为……的 He wrote a book called Travel Notes of Xu Xiake.(他写了一本名为《徐霞客游记》的书。)
名词 + written/taken by... 由……写的/拍的 This is a poem written by Li Bai.(这是一首李白写的诗。)
1.—Tim, I remember you ________ Beijing several years ago.
—Yes, we ________ Beijing for three years.
A.left; have left B.have left; are away from
C.left; have been away from D.have left; have been away from
2.Since last year, our school ________ free breakfasts to students in need.
A.offered B.has offered C.was offering D.is offering
3.Lots of tourists from the southern part of China ________ Harbin twice.
A.have been in B.have gone to
C.have been to D.have been
4.The ________ of the Tang Dynasty is still remembered by people around the world for its prosperity.
A.period B.story C.lesson D.problem
5.—Hey, the new electric car just broke the long-distance driving ________!
—No wonder everyone’s talking about it.
A.report B.record C.reason D.result
6.My sister ________ reading books at home to going out on weekends.
A.enjoys B.prefers C.hates D.wants
7.—When did you finish your homework yesterday
—I ______ finish it ______ my father helped me with the last math problem.
A.didn’t; until B.don’t; until C.can’t; until D.won’t; until
8.—Oh, dear. What’s that noise
—Sorry, Lisa. My cat was ________ by the ________ explosion of a firecracker.
A.scared;scary B.scaring;scary C.scared;scared D.scary;scared
9.These ancient poems are considered ________ of Chinese literature from that period.
A.the oldest records B.the main reasons
C.the finest examples D.the popular stories
10.My grandparents prefer ________ around the lake ________ themselves up after dinner.
A.to walk, cheering B.to walk, to cheer
C.walking, cheering D.walking, to cheer
11.Which of the following words is formed the same way as the word “roommate”
A.careless B.unhappy C.birthplace D.achievement
12.The festival attracts visitors from both ________.
A.home and abroad B.all over the world C.everywhere
13.I was afraid the museum would be crowded, but I was happy to see there were ________ visitors when I arrived.
A.quite a few B.very little C.only a few D.only a little
14.—When did you ________ Nanjing last month —On the 10th. I ________ there for three days and visited many places of interest.
A.arrive in; have been B.get to; was C.reach; have gone D.come to; am
15.My sister is interested in Chinese culture, so she ________ many books about ancient Chinese cities.
A.has read B.read C.will read D.is reading
16.My grandfather ________ a teacher before he became a writer.
A.used to be B.will be C.hopes to be D.is used to be
17.Millie ________ to visit Guilin with her parents this summer holiday.
A.decides B.has decided C.decided D.will decide
18.Great changes ________ in Xi’an since it became the starting point of the Silk Road.
A.take place B.took place C.have taken place D.are taking place
19.—Which place of interest do you want to visit most, the Bund or Sun Moon Lake —________. I want to visit the Longmen Grottoes in Luoyang.
A.Both B.Either C.Neither D.None
20.The Confucius Temple in Nanjing was once the highest educational ________ in ancient China.
A.body B.part C.place D.building
21.Baiyun Mountain is a real treat for nature lovers ________ its sea of clouds and amazing waterfalls.
A.because B.because of C.as D.since
22.— Have you finished your article about Suzhou classical gardens ________ — Yes, I have.
A.yet B.already C.just D.ever
23.Simon ________ to Kanas National Geopark once. He says the scenery there is amazing.
A.has been B.has gone C.went D.goes
24.The city wall of Nanjing is one of the ________ and longest city walls in the world.
A.well-protected B.better-protected C.best-protected D.most-protected
25.The beautiful peonies in Luoyang ________ thousands of tourists from home and abroad every spring.
A.attract B.attracts C.attracted D.have attracted
26.My parents ________ to Hongcun Village for a trip. They will be back in three days.
A.have been B.have gone C.went D.go
27.— How long have you ________ this book about Chinese attractions — For two weeks.
A.bought B.borrowed C.kept D.lent
28.We can see a lot of ancient ________ buildings in Luoyang, such as the Longmen Grottoes.
A.historic B.historical C.history D.historian
29.Nanjing ________ in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River for thousands of years.
A.rests B.rested C.has rested D.is resting
30.—________ you ever ________ to the Potala Palace in Lhasa
—No, never. But I plan to go there this summer.
A.Do; go B.Have; been C.Have; gone D.Will; go
31.He __________ to the UK last month.
A.has gone B.went C.has been D.goes
32.Many tourists come to Luoyang every spring ________ the beautiful peonies.
A.admire B.admiring C.admired D.to admire
33.—How long __________ you __________ here
—Since 2018.
A.did; live B.have; lived C.do; live D.were; living
34.I __________ my key. I can’t find it anywhere.
A.lost B.have lost C.lose D.was losing
35.—Why not ______ around Jinji Lake Our city is worth ______.
A.ride; visit B.to ride; visiting C.riding; to visit D.ride; a visit
36.The therapy centre is on High Street and it ________ service for over 10 years but it will be permanently closed next week.
A.has started B.has been in C.has stopped D.has been out of
37.—How long ________ your parents ________ in Xi’an
—For two weeks. They are having a wonderful time there.
A.have; been B.have; gone C.did; go D.will; go
38.The latest technology of 5G has been widely used in tourism. Visitors can now enjoy ________ tours of scenic spots without leaving home.
A.outdoor B.offline C.online D.indoor
39.— I hear your uncle got good results in the 2025 Wuxi Marathon.
— Exactly. He practises running every day and he ________ the Running Club for five years.
A.has been to B.has taken part in C.has been in D.has joined
40.We can’t use the verb “buy” with “for” in positive statements. We should say “have had” ________ “have bought”.
A.instead of B.because of C.according to D.thanks to
41.—Where is your cousin
—She ________ to the Confucius Temple. She will be back in an hour.
A.has been B.went C.has gone D.goes
42.The 2014 Nanjing Youth Olympic Games attracted visitors from ________ home and abroad.
A.both B.all C.either D.neither
43.My grandparents have lived in their old house ________ more than 50 years.
A.for B.since C.in D.on
44.Nanjing’s city wall is one of the ________ and best-protected ancient city walls in the world.
A.longest B.longer C.long D.most long
45.—Have you ever ________ to the new museum in Nanjing
—Yes, I went there last month. It’s really amazing.
A.gone B.been C.went D.go
46.This region is ________ in natural resources like oil and gas.
A.poor B.rich C.short D.full
47.________ is a lifelong journey that never ends.
A.Teaching B.Learning C.Working D.Playing
48.The beauty of this city ________ its unique culture and history.
A.rests in B.depends on C.comes from D.results in
49.The decision ________ with the manager, not with us.
A.rests B.depends C.relies D.bases
50.Many Chinese students go ________ for further education every year.
A.abroad B.outside C.overseas D.foreign
51.We should ________ the reasons for the failure carefully.
A.explore B.forget C.ignore D.refuse
52.________ what he said, the meeting will be held next Monday.
A.Because B.According to C.Thanks to D.As for
53.Don’t make such a loud noise. It will ________ the baby.
A.happy B.scare C.excited D.please
54.The Longmen Grottoes ________ a lot of ancient stone carvings, which are valuable cultural relics.
A.includes B.include C.including D.included
55.We took a ________ on the boat across the lake.
A.ride B.walk C.run D.swim
56.She prefers ________ at home rather than go out on rainy days.
A.stay B.to stay C.staying D.stayed
57._______ the survey, most students in our school like playing basketball in their free time.
A.According to B.Thanks to C.Instead of D.Because of
58.My sister is a(n) _______ of classical music and she often goes to the concert on weekends.
A.hero B.lover C.soldier D.artist
59._______ what difficulties we meet, we should never give up our dreams.
A.No matter B.As soon as C.As long as D.Even if
60.He spent a lot of time ________ the secret cave with his friends last summer.
A.exploring B.watching C.cleaning D.building
61.Many artists ________ the great painting in the art museum for its wonderful skills.
A.admire B.forget C.miss D.doubt
62.They didn’t start the meeting ________ the manager arrived.
A.while B.since C.until D.as
63.The ________ buildings in the ancient town have been well protected for hundreds of years.
A.best-protected B.well-known C.most-popular D.least-visited
64.You can’t find such beautiful scenery ________ else in this country.
A.somewhere B.anywhere C.nowhere D.everywhere
65.The old castle in the city is a famous ________ that many tourists visit every year.
A.attraction B.invention C.tradition D.condition
66.We will plan our school trip ________ the weather report.
A.according to B.thanks to C.because of D.instead of
67.The little girl was ________ when she saw the big dog running towards her.
A.excited B.scared C.surprised D.interested
68.You can’t find such delicious food ________ else in this town.
A.somewhere B.anywhere C.nowhere D.everywhere
69.We started early in the morning to ________ the top of the mountain before sunset though it was a long and tiring climb.
A.get to B.arrive at C.make our way to D.reach for
70.Beijing has been the ________ for many dynasties in Chinese history.
A.seat of power B.capital city C.cultural center D.economic center
71.We visited many ________ sites during our trip to Xi’an.
A.modern B.historic C.natural D.new
72.The small town has warm and friendly ________ that make visitors feel at home.
A.vibes B.feelings C.moods D.atmospheres
73.This nature reserve is one of the ________ areas in the country.
A.best-known B.best-protected C.most-visited D.most-beautiful
74.Scientists are trying to ________ the secrets of the deep sea.
A.invent B.explain C.discover D.create
75.The beauty of this city ________ its unique historical buildings.
A.lies in B.results in C.leads to D.belongs to
76.The Yangtze River has a long ________ through many provinces.
A.river B.reach C.path D.route
77.On the banks of the Yellow River ________ the ancient city of Luoyang.
A.lies B.lay C.lying D.lie
78.Nanjing, one of the ancient capitals of China, ________ on the lower reaches of the Yangtze River.
A.rests B.lie C.lying D.rested
79.The sunset over the sea created a ________ scene that took our breath away.
A.real B.dreamlike C.natural D.common
80.She is the only one who ________ the ancient city very well.
A.knows B.knew C.has known D.will know
81.There ________ many wonderful ________ of traditional Chinese paintings in the art exhibition since last week.
A.have been; painting B.has been; paintings
C.have been; paintings D.has been; painting
82.The ________ view of the Grand Canyon left all the tourists speechless—they’d never seen such beauty before.
A.amazed B.amazing C.boring D.bored
83.—Which ________ in the water park is your sister’s favorite
—She loves the log flume (激流勇进) best.
A.ride B.rides C.riding D.ridden
84.The little boy with a round face and big eyes is so ________ that all the teachers often praise him.
A.cute B.cruel C.lazy D.rude
85.—What about visiting the new museum this Sunday It’s full of people these days.
—I think it’s too noisy. I prefer ________ rather than ________.
A.to stay at home; go out B.staying at home; go out C.to go out; stay at home D.going out; stay at home
86.In recent years, there ________ a great rise in the number of students learning English online.
A.have been B.has been C.had been D.are
87.Yesterday, a sudden noise ________ the sleeping baby, and she started crying at once.
A.frighten B.frightened C.frightening D.frightens
88.The old man next door looks________. He always greets everyone warmly.
A.angrily B.friendly C.quickly D.carefully
89.—Look! The clouds are clearing up, and we can see the entire valley from here.
—________. This view was worth the long hike.
A.Are you sure B.How boring! C.Tell me more. D.What a treat!
90.—Do you know the erhu is one of the most traditional instruments (乐器) in China
—Of course. Our hometown Jiangyin is the ________ of many erhu masters, like Liu Tianhua.
A.industry B.university C.birthplace D.body
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
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参考答案及试题解析
1.C
【解析】句意:——蒂姆,我记得你几年前离开了北京。——是的,我们已经离开北京三年了。
考查动词时态辨析。left离开,过去式;have left已经离开,现在完成时;are away from离开/不在,现在时;have been away from已经离开/不在……多久,现在完成时持续状态。第一空有“several years ago”明确表示过去时间,需用一般过去时;第二空后接“for three years”表示持续一段时间,且强调“离开北京”这一状态持续了三年,需用现在完成时的持续性表达(have been away from),而“have left”是瞬间动作不能接“for+时间段”。故选C。
2.B
【解析】句意:自从去年以来,我们学校一直为有需要的学生提供免费早餐。
考查现在完成时。根据时间状语“Since last year”(自从去年以来)可知,动作从过去持续到现在,应用现在完成时,结构为have/has+动词的过去分词。故选B。
3.C
【解析】句意:许多来自中国南方的游客已经去过哈尔滨两次。
考查现在完成时中“have been to”与“have gone to”的辨析。have been in在……停留过一段时间;have gone to去了……(未返回);have been to去过……(已返回);have been是(无地点)。根据“Lots of tourists from the southern part of China...Harbin twice.”可知,表示去过二次且已返回,应用“have been to”。故选C。
4.A
【解析】句意:唐朝的时期因其繁荣仍被全世界人民铭记。
考查名词辨析。period时期;story故事;lesson课程/教训;problem问题。根据“The…of the Tang Dynasty is still remembered by people around the world for its prosperity.”可知,此处指唐朝这个历史时期因其繁荣而被铭记。故选A。
5.B
【解析】句意:——嘿,这辆新电动汽车刚刚打破了长距离驾驶的纪录!——难怪每个人都在谈论它。
考查名词辨析。report报告;record纪录;reason原因;result结果。根据“broke the long-distance driving...”和“No wonder everyone’s talking about it”可知,打破的是长距离驾驶的“纪录”,才会引起众人讨论。故选B。
6.B
【解析】句意:我妹妹周末宁愿在家看书,也不愿出去。
考查动词辨析。enjoys喜欢;prefers宁愿,更喜欢;hates讨厌;wants想要。根据“My sister…reading books at home to going out on weekends.”可知,prefer doing A to doing B“宁愿做A也不做B”。故选B。
7.A
【解析】句意:——你昨天什么时候完成作业的?——直到我爸爸帮我解决了最后一道数学题,我才完成。
考查时态和until的用法。not…until表示“直到……才”,固定搭配;根据“did you finish”和“yesterday”可知,句子时态为一般过去时,此处应用didn’t…until。故选A。
8.A
【解析】句意:——哦,天哪,那是什么声音?——对不起,丽莎。我的猫被鞭炮吓人的爆炸声吓到了。
考查形容词辨析。scared感到害怕的,通常修饰人或动物,表示“被吓到”;scary令人害怕的,通常修饰事物,表示“令人害怕的”。根据“My cat was…by the…explosion of a firecracker.”可知,第一空主语是“My cat”,指猫被吓到,用scared;第二空修饰“explosion”爆炸声,指爆炸声本身令人害怕,用scary。故选A。
9.C
【解析】句意:这些古诗被认为是那个时期中国文学的最佳典范。
考查名词短语。the oldest records最古老的记录;the main reasons主要原因;the finest examples最佳典范;the popular stories流行的故事。根据“These ancient poems are considered…of Chinese literature from that period.”可知,此处描述这些古诗在文学中的地位,C项符合。故选C。
10.B
【解析】句意:我祖父母更喜欢晚饭后在湖边散步来让自己振作精神。
考查非谓语动词。to walk散步,不定式;walking散步,动名词;to cheer使振奋,不定式;cheering使振奋,动名词。动词“prefer”后接不定式表示特定或具体的偏好,prefer to do sth.“更喜欢做某事”,第二空格处表示散步的目的,应用不定式to cheer作目的状语。故选B。
11.C
【解析】句意:以下哪个单词的构成方式与“roommate”相同?
考查构词法。careless粗心的,由care (小心) 加后缀-less构成形容词;unhappy不开心的,由happy (开心的) 加前缀un-构成形容词;birthplace (出生地) 由birth (出生) 和place (地方) 两个名词组合而成的复合名词;achievement (成就) 由achieve (实现) 加后缀-ment构成名词。roommate (室友) 是由room (房间) 和mate (伙伴) 两个独立名词组合而成的复合名词词,birthplace与roommate同为“名词+名词”构成的复合名词。故选C。
12.A
【解析】句意:这个节日吸引了来自国内外的游客。
考查名词短语辨析。home and abroad国内外;all over the world全世界;everywhere到处。根据“both”可知,此处填home and abroad,“home”指国内,“abroad”指国外,正好构成“两者”的概念,与both完美搭配。故选A。
13.C
【解析】句意:我担心博物馆会很拥挤,但当我到达时,我很高兴看到只有很少的游客。
考查短语辨析。quite a few相当多;very little很少 (修饰不可数名词);only a few只有几个;only a little只有一点 (修饰不可数名词)。根据前文“I was afraid the museum would be crowded”可知,原本担心人多,但到达后感到高兴,说明游客不多。visitors为可数名词复数,需用修饰可数名词的短语,排除B和D;quite a few表示“相当多”,与句意逻辑矛盾,故只有only a few符合语境。故选C。
14.B
【解析】句意:——你上个月什么时候到达南京的?——在10号。我在那里待了三天,参观了许多名胜。
考查动词短语辨析和时态。arrive in到达,后接大地点(如城市);get to到达,后接地点;reach到达,及物动词,直接接地点;come to到达,后接地点,因此,四个选项的第一空在语法上均成立。 have been现在完成时,强调与现在的联系;was一般过去时;have gone“去了某地(还未回来)”;am一般现在时。根据“On the 10th”可知,描述的是上个月10号发生在过去的具体事件,且“for three days”表示的是在过去那段时间里持续的状态,动作已经结束,不强调对现在的影响,因此用一般过去时。选项B中“get to”表示到达,“was”为一般过去时,符合语境。故选B。
15.A
【解析】句意:我姐姐对中国文化很感兴趣,所以她已经读了许多关于中国古代城市的书。
考查动词时态。has read已经读过,现在完成时;read读,过去时或原形;will read将要读,一般将来时;is reading正在读,现在进行时。根据前句“My sister is interested in Chinese culture”可知,兴趣是现在的状态,且“读了许多书”是兴趣产生的结果或已完成的动作,强调对现在的影响,应用现在完成时。故选A。
16.A
【解析】句意:我祖父在成为作家之前曾是一名老师。
考查时态。根据“before he became a writer”可知,祖父当老师是过去的状态,且现在已不是老师,需用“used to be”表示“过去曾经是”。故选A。
17.B
【解析】句意:Millie已经决定这个暑假和父母一起去桂林旅游。
考查动词时态。根据“Millie…to visit Guilin with her parents this summer holiday.”可知,此处表示过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响,应用现在完成时,其结构为“have/has done”。主语Millie为第三人称单数,助动词用has,故选B。
18.C
【解析】句意:自从西安成为丝绸之路的起点以来,这里发生了巨大的变化。
考查现在完成时。take place发生,一般现在时;took place发生,一般过去时;have taken place发生,现在完成时;are taking place发生,现在进行时。根据句中的时间状语“since it became the starting point…”可知,动作从过去持续到现在,强调对现在的影响,应该用现在完成时。故选C。
19.C
【解析】句意:——你最想去哪个景点,外滩还是日月潭?——两个都不想去。我想去参观洛阳的龙门石窟。
考查代词辨析。Both两者都;Either两者中的任何一个;Neither两者都不;None三者或以上都不。根据答语“我想去参观洛阳的龙门石窟”可知,说话人对外滩和日月潭都不感兴趣,表示“两者都不”应用Neither。故选C。
20.A
【解析】句意:南京夫子庙曾经是中国古代最高的教育机构。
考查名词辨析。body机构,团体;part部分;place地方;building建筑物。根据“educational”和“in ancient China”可知,此处指“教育机构”。body“机构”,符合此抽象意义。故选A。
21.B
【解析】句意:白云山因其云海和壮观的瀑布,对自然爱好者来说是一份真正的馈赠。
考查介词短语辨析。because因为,连词,后接从句;because of因为,介词短语,后接名词或代词;as因为,当,连词;since自从,因为,连词。空格后为名词短语“its sea of clouds and amazing waterfalls”,需用介词短语because of。故选B。
22.A
【解析】句意:——你关于苏州古典园林的文章已经完成了吗?——是的,我完成了。
考查副词辨析。yet还,已经(用于疑问句和否定句,常放于句末);already已经(用于肯定句);just刚刚;ever曾经。根据问句是现在完成时的一般疑问句,且答句表示“已完成”,可知问句询问“是否已经完成”,应用 yet。故选A。
23.A
【解析】句意:西蒙去过一次喀纳斯国家地质公园。他说那里的景色令人惊叹。
考查现在完成时。根据“He says the scenery there is amazing.”可知,西蒙已经回来并能够描述景色,强调去过的经历,应用has been to。故选A。
24.C
【解析】句意:南京城墙是世界上保存最完好、最长的城墙之一。
考查形容词最高级。well-protected保护良好的;better-protected保护更好的;best-protected保护最好的;most-protected保护最多的。根据“one of the... and longest city walls in the world”可知,此处表示“世界上最……的城墙之一”,应用最高级形式,“well-protected”的最高级为“best-protected”。故选C。
25.A
【解析】句意:洛阳美丽的牡丹每年春天吸引着成千上万的中外游客。
考查动词时态。attract吸引,动词原形或现在时复数;attracts吸引,第三人称单数现在时;attracted吸引,过去式;have attracted吸引,现在完成时复数。主语“The beautiful peonies”是复数名词短语,且时间状语“every spring”表示经常性、习惯性的动作,应用一般现在时复数形式attract。故选A。
26.B
【解析】句意:我父母去宏村旅游了。他们三天后回来。
考查动词时态辨析。have been去过(已返回);have gone去了(未返回);went去,过去式;go去,一般现在时。根据后句“They will be back in three days”可知,父母现在不在说话地,且尚未返回,应用have gone to表示“去了某地”。故选B。
27.C
【解析】句意:——你这本关于中国景点的书已经借了多久了?——两周了。
考查延续性动词与非延续性动词的用法。bought买(非延续性动词);borrowed借入(非延续性动词);kept保存/持有(延续性动词);lent借出(非延续性动词)。根据答语“For two weeks”表示一段时间,可知问句需用延续性动词,选项中只有“kept”可表示“持有、借”并能够延续。故选C。
28.A
【解析】句意:在洛阳我们可以看到许多古老的历史建筑,比如龙门石窟。
考查形容词辨析。 historic有历史意义的,历史上著名的;historical与历史有关的,历史上的;history历史,名词;historian历史学家,名词。此处修饰名词“buildings”,需用形容词;根据语境,此处强调“具有重大历史意义的”建筑,而非泛指一般的古老建筑。因此,用historic来描述更能体现其独特的历史地位。故选A。
29.C
【解析】句意:南京在长江下游已经存在了几千年。
考查现在完成时。根据时间状语for thousands of years“几千年来”,强调从过去持续到现在,应使用现在完成时。故选C。
30.B
【解析】句意:——你曾经去过拉萨的布达拉宫吗?——从未去过。但我计划今年夏天去那里。
考查现在完成时。Do; go一般现在时;Have; been现在完成时,表示“去过(已返回)”;Have; gone现在完成时,表示“去了(未返回)”;Will; go一般将来时。根据答语“No, never. But I plan to go there this summer.”可知,问句询问的是“曾经是否去过”的经历,应用现在完成时Have been。故选B。
31.B
【解析】句意:他上个月去了英国。
考查动词时态。has gone现在完成时;went过去式;has been现在完成时;goes第三人称单数形式。根据时间状语“last month”可知,时态为一般过去时,陈述过去发生的事,动词用过去式。故选B。
32.D
【解析】句意:每年春天许多游客来到洛阳来欣赏美丽的牡丹。
考查动词不定式作目的状语。根据“Many tourists come to Luoyang every spring...the beautiful peonies”可知,游客来洛阳的目的是欣赏牡丹,动词不定式可以在句中作目的状语,to admire符合语境。故选D。
33.B
【解析】句意:——你在这里住了多久了?——自从2018年。
考查现在完成时。did...live是一般过去时;have...lived是现在完成时;do...live是一般现在时;were...living是过去进行时。答语“Since 2018”表示“从2018年至今”,强调动作从过去持续到现在,需用现在完成时。故选B。
34.B
【解析】句意:我弄丢了我的钥匙,我到处都找不到它。
考查现在完成时。根据后句“I can’t find it anywhere.”可知,丢失钥匙的动作发生在过去,且对现在造成影响(现在找不到钥匙),应使用现在完成时。故选B。
35.D
【解析】句意:——为什么不骑自行车绕金鸡湖转转呢?我们的城市值得一游。
考查动词词汇及动词短语。Why not后接动词原形,表示建议,第一空填ride;be worth“值得”,后面加名词或是动名词,worth a visit“值得一游”。故选D。
36.B
【解析】句意:这家治疗中心位于高街,它已经营业超过10年了,但下周将永久关闭。
考查现在完成时与延续性动词的用法。has started(已经开始,非延续性动词);has been in(一直处于……状态,延续性动词短语);has stopped(已经停止,非延续性动词);has been out of(已经离开/脱离,延续性动词短语)。根据“for over 10 years”可知,此处需用延续性动词或短语表示持续了十年的状态,且句意强调“一直提供/处于服务状态”,只有“has been in service”符合语境。故选B。
37.A
【解析】句意:——你的父母在西安待了多久了?——两周了。他们在那儿玩得很开心。
考查现在完成时的用法。have been已经去过/待过,表示经历或状态持续;have gone已经去了,表示人已离开此地;did go一般过去时,强调过去动作;will go一般将来时,表示将来动作。根据答语“For two weeks.”可知,问句询问待了多久,强调从过去持续到现在的动作或状态,应用现在完成时。结合句意,父母仍在西安且状态持续,需用have been。故选A。
38.C
【解析】句意:最新的5G技术已广泛应用于旅游业。游客现在无需离开家就能享受景点的在线游览。
考查形容词辨析。outdoor户外的;offline线下的;online在线的;indoor室内的。根据“without leaving home”可知,游客是在家通过5G技术进行在线游览。故选C。
39.C
【解析】句意:——我听说你叔叔在2025年无锡马拉松比赛中取得了好成绩。——确实。他每天练习跑步,并且他加入跑步俱乐部已经五年了。
考查现在完成时中延续性动词的用法。has been to去过某地,已返回;has taken part in参加过,非延续性动作;has been in加入/在……中,表示持续状态;has joined加入,非延续性动作。根据时间状语“for five years”可知,此处需用延续性动词表示持续五年的状态。“join”和“take part in”都是非延续性动词,不能与“for+一段时间”连用;“has been to”表示“去过”,不表示持续在俱乐部中。只有“has been in”可表示“加入并持续在……中”,符合句意。故选C。
40.A
【解析】句意:在肯定陈述中,我们不能将动词“buy”与“for”连用。我们应该说“have had”而不是“have bought”。
考查短语辨析。instead of而不是;because of因为;according to根据;thanks to由于。根据前句“不能用‘buy’与‘for’搭配”可知,后句表示“应该用‘have had’而不是用‘have bought’”,应用“instead of”表示替代关系。故选A。
41.C
【解析】句意:——你表姐在哪里?——她去了孔庙。她一小时后回来。
考查现在完成时用法。has been to去过某地且已回;went to曾经去过某地;has gone to去了某地且未回;goes to去某地。根据“She will be back in an hour.”可知,表姐现在不在这里,是“已经去了某地且尚未回来”,应用has gone to。故选C。
42.A
【解析】句意:2014年南京青奥会吸引了来自国内外的游客。
考查代词辨析。both两者都;all三者及以上都;either两者中任一个;neither两者都不。根据“home and abroad”可知,此处指“国内和国外”两个方面,且表示“两者都”,应用both。故选A。
43.A
【解析】句意:我的祖父母在他们的老房子里已经住了50多年。
考查介词辨析。for表示一段时间;since自从,后接时间点;in在……内/后,常与将来时连用;on在……上,表示具体日期或表面。根据“more than 50 years”可知,此处表示“持续一段时间”,应用介词for。故选A。
44.A
【解析】句意:南京城墙是世界上最长且保存最完好的古城墙之一。
考查形容词最高级。longest最长的;longer更长的;long长的;most long错误形式。根据句意“one of the...and best-protected ancient city walls in the world”可知,此处表示“最长的”之一,且“in the world”提示使用最高级,与“best-protected”并列。故选A。
45.B
【解析】句意:——你曾经去过南京的新博物馆吗?——是的,我上个月去了那里。它真的很令人惊叹。
考查have been to与have gone to的辨析。问句是现在完成时,应用“have +过去分词”结构,C、D选项可排除。询问“是否曾经去过某地”,强调经历,且人已回来,应用have been to。have gone to表示“已经去了某地(人未回来)”,不符合答语“我上个月去了”的语境。故选B。
46.B
【解析】句意:这个地区在石油和天然气等自然资源方面很丰富。
考查形容词辨析。poor贫穷的;rich富有的;short短缺的;full满的。根据“natural resources like oil and gas”可知,石油和天然气是自然资源,此处应表示“资源丰富”。rich in是固定搭配,意思是“在……方面很丰富”。故选B。
47.B
【解析】句意:学习是一段永无止境的终身旅程。
考查动名词辨析。Teaching教学;Learning学习;Working工作;Playing玩耍。根据“a lifelong journey that never ends”可知,只有“学习”是持续终生、永无止境的过程。故选B。
48.A
【解析】句意:这座城市的美在于其独特的文化和历史。
考查动词短语辨析。rests in在于;depends on取决于;comes from来自;results in导致。根据句意,此处表示“美在于文化和历史”,强调“存在于、基于”,rests in最符合语境。故选A。
49.A
【解析】句意:这个决定取决于经理,而不是我们。
考查动词短语辨析。rests取决于,由……负责,常见搭配:rest with;depends依靠,常见搭配:depend on;relies依赖,常见搭配:rely on;bases基于,常见搭配:base on。根据句意和固定搭配可知,“rest with sb.”表示“取决于某人”,符合语境。故选A。
50.A
【解析】句意:每年许多中国学生去国外深造。
考查副词辨析。abroad在国外,副词;outside在外面,副词/介词;overseas在海外,副词/形容词;foreign外国的,形容词。空格位于动词“go”之后,需填入副词作状语,表示“去国外”。abroad和overseas均可作副词表示“在国外/海外”,但go abroad为固定搭配,强调“出国”。故选A。
51.A
【解析】句意:我们应该仔细地探究失败的原因。
考查动词辨析。explore 探究;forget 忘记;ignore 忽视;refuse 拒绝。根据句意中的“carefully”可知,对待失败的原因应持认真探究的态度。故选A。
52.B
【解析】句意:根据他所说的,会议将于下周一举行。
考查介词短语辨析。Because因为;According to根据;Thanks to多亏;As for至于。根据句意,后半句提到会议时间,前半句应表示信息来源或依据,因此“根据他所说的”符合逻辑。故选B。
53.B
【解析】句意:别发出这么大的噪音。这会吓到婴儿的。
考查动词词义辨析和句子成分。happy高兴的;scare使害怕;excited感到兴奋的;please使高兴。空格处需要一个及物动词,表达“大噪音”对“婴儿”产生的影响。根据“Don’t make such a loud noise.”可知,这种影响应该是负面的,scare“使害怕”,符合语境。故选B。
54.B
【解析】句意:龙门石窟包含许多古代石刻,它们是宝贵的文物。
考查主谓一致。主语“The Longmen Grottoes”是专有名词,指龙门石窟这一整体,但通常被视为复数概念,谓语动词需用复数形式;且句子描述一般事实,用一般现在时。故选B。
55.A
【解析】句意:我们乘船在湖上兜风。
考查名词辨析。ride 短途旅行;walk 步行;run 跑步;swim 游泳。根据“on the boat across the lake”可知,在船上穿过湖,应指“乘船旅行”。故选A。
56.B
【解析】句意:在雨天,她宁愿待在家里,也不愿出去。
考查非谓语动词。“prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.”是固定搭配,意为“宁愿做某事而不愿做另一件事”,因此空格处应填动词不定式 to stay。故选B。
57.A
【解析】句意:根据调查,我们学校大多数学生喜欢在空闲时间打篮球。
考查介词短语辨析。According to根据;Thanks to多亏;Instead of而不是;Because of因为。根据“most students in our school like playing basketball in their free time.”可知,此处表示“依据调查结果”得出的结论,应使用“According to”。故选A。
58.B
【解析】句意:我姐姐是古典音乐的爱好者,她经常在周末去听音乐会。
考查名词辨析。hero英雄;lover爱好者;soldier士兵;artist艺术家。根据“she often goes to the concert”可知,她经常去听音乐会,说明她是古典音乐的爱好者。故选B。
59.A
【解析】句意:无论我们遇到什么困难,我们都不应该放弃梦想。
考查连词辨析。No matter无论;As soon as一……就……;As long as只要;Even if 即使。根据句意,空格后是“what difficulties we meet”,表示“无论遇到什么困难”,应使用“No matter”引导让步状语从句,构成“No matter what...”结构。故选A。
60.A
【解析】句意:去年夏天,他花了很多时间和朋友们一起探索那个秘密洞穴。
考查动词辨析。exploring探索;watching观看;cleaning打扫;building建造。根据“the secret cave”可知,与洞穴搭配最合理的动作是“探索”。故选A。
61.A
【解析】句意:许多艺术家在艺术博物馆里欣赏这幅伟大的画作,因为它技艺精湛。
考查动词辨析。admire欣赏;forget忘记;miss错过;doubt怀疑。根据“Many artists...the great painting in the art museum for its wonderful skills”可知,因为画作技艺精湛,所以艺术家们应该是欣赏它。故选A。
62.C
【解析】句意:他们直到经理到达才开会。
考查连词辨析。while当……时(强调同时进行);since自从;until直到;as当……时/因为。根据“They didn’t start the meeting...the manager arrived.”可知,句子为“not…until…结构,表示直到经理到达才开会。故选C。
63.A
【解析】句意:这座古镇里保护得最好的建筑已被完好地保护了数百年。
考查形容词辨析。best-protected保护得最好的;well-known著名的;most-popular最受欢迎的;least-visited最少游客到访的。根据后半句“have been well protected for hundreds of years”可知,这些建筑是“保护得最好的”。故选A。
64.B
【解析】句意:在这个国家,你在其它任何地方都找不到如此美丽的风景。
考查不定副词辨析。somewhere某个地方;anywhere任何地方;nowhere没有地方;everywhere到处。根据否定结构“can’t find”可知,此处表示“在其它任何地方都找不到”,应用anywhere。故选B。
65.A
【解析】句意:这座城市里的城堡是一个著名的景点,每年都有许多游客参观。
考查名词辨析。attraction景点/吸引物;invention发明;tradition传统;condition条件。根据“many tourists visit every year”可知,每年有许多游客参观,城堡应是一个旅游景点。故选A。
66.A
【解析】句意:我们将根据天气预报来计划我们的学校旅行。
考查短语辨析。according to根据;thanks to多亏;because of因为;instead of而不是。根据“We will plan our school trip ... the weather report.”可知,计划学校旅行需要参考天气预报的信息,表示“依据、根据”天气预报,应使用according to。故选A。
67.B
【解析】句意:当小女孩看到那只大狗朝她跑来时,她很害怕。
考查形容词辨析。excited兴奋的;scared害怕的;surprised惊讶的;interested感兴趣的。根据“when she saw the big dog running towards her.”,小女孩最可能感到害怕。故选B。
68.B
【解析】句意:在这个镇上,你在其他地方找不到这样美味的食物。
考查不定副词辨析。somewhere某处;anywhere任何地方;nowhere无处;everywhere到处。根据句意及否定结构“can’t find”可知,此处表示“在任何其他地方都找不到”,anywhere可用于否定句,在此处符合语境。故选B。
69.C
【解析】句意:我们一大早就出发,以便在日落前到达山顶。
考查动词短语辨析。get to 到达;arrive at 到达(后常接小地点);make our way to(费力地)前往/抵达;reach for 伸手去够。从语法角度,A、B、C均正确。根据“though it was a long and tiring climb”可知,此处强调“(经过努力)到达山顶”,make our way to 更符合语境。故选C。
70.A
【解析】句意:北京在中国历史上一直是许多朝代的政治中心。
考查短语辨析。seat of power政治中心,权力中心;capital city首都;cultural center文化中心;economic center经济中心。根据“Beijing has been the…for many dynasties in Chinese history.”可知,北京在历史上是许多朝代的政治中心,比capital city更准确。故选A。
71.B
【解析】句意:在西安旅行期间,我们参观了许多历史遗址。
考查形容词辨析。modern现代的;historic有历史意义的;natural自然的;new新的。西安是历史文化名城,以历史遗迹闻名,因此“参观历史遗址”符合语境。故选B。
72.A
【解析】句意:这座小镇有着温暖友好的氛围,让游客感到宾至如归。
考查名词辨析。vibes氛围;feelings情感;moods心情/情绪;atmospheres气氛。根据“The small town has warm and friendly...that make visitors feel at home.”可知,小镇具有让游客感到宾至如归的“氛围”,且常与warm and friendly搭配描述整体感觉,vibes更贴近口语化表达。故选A。
73.B
【解析】句意:这个自然保护区是该国受保护最好的地区之一。
考查形容词最高级辨析。best-known最著名的;best-protected保护得最好的;most-visited参观人数最多的;most-beautiful最美丽的。根据“This nature reserve is one of the…areas in the country.”可知,自然保护区的核心功能是保护自然生态,因此“受保护最好的”最符合逻辑。故选B。
74.C
【解析】句意:科学家们正试图发现深海的奥秘。
考查动词辨析。invent发明;explain解释;discover发现;create创造。根据“the secrets of the deep sea”可知,研究的对象是深海中隐藏的、原本就客观存在的秘密或奥秘。对于原本存在但未被知晓的真相,应用discover表示“发现”。故选C。
75.A
【解析】句意:这座城市的美丽在于它独特的历史建筑。
考查动词短语辨析。lies in在于,存在于;results in导致,结果是;leads to导致,引起;belongs to属于。根据“The beauty of this city…its unique historical buildings”可知,此处是在说明城市的美丽存在于或由于这些历史建筑而产生。表达抽象特质(如beauty)的归属或源头时,常用固定短语lies in表示“在于”。故选A。
76.B
【解析】句意:长江有一长段河道流经多个省份。
考查名词辨析。river河流;reach河段,延伸范围;path小路,小径;route路线,航线。根据句意,此处强调长江有一长段河道流经多个省份,reach更符合地理描述。故选B。
77.A
【解析】句意:在黄河岸边坐落着古城洛阳。
考查倒装句和主谓一致。本句为地点状语On the banks of the Yellow River位于句首的完全倒装结构,主语是the ancient city of Luoyang,是单数形式,谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式,且描述客观事实用一般现在时。故选A。
78.A
【解析】句意:南京,中国古都之一,位于长江下游。
考查动词辨析和动词时态以及主谓一致。rests位于,现在时第三人称单数;lie位于,原形;lying位于,现在分词/动名词;rested位于,过去式。主语“Nanjing”为第三人称单数,且描述客观事实需用一般现在时,动词需用第三人称单数形式。故选A。
79.B
【解析】句意:海面上的日落营造出了一个梦幻般的场景,令我们惊叹不已。
考查形容词辨析。real真实的;dreamlike梦幻般的;natural自然的;common普通的。根据“took our breath away”可知,此处描述的是一种令人屏息、绝美的景象,这种景象往往给人以如梦似幻的感觉,dreamlike符合。故选B。
80.A
【解析】句意:她是唯一一个非常了解这座古城的人。
考查动词的时态。根据句子结构可知,“who...the ancient city very well”是定语从句,修饰先行词“the only one”,在定语从句中,关系代词who指代“the only one”,作主语,谓语动词用单数。根据语境可知,此处描述的是客观事实,即她非常了解这座老城,所以应该用一般现在时knows。故选A。
81.C
【解析】句意:自上周以来,艺术展上已经有很多精妙的中国传统绘画作品了。
考查现在完成时的There be句型及名词复数。have been有,现在完成时,用于第一、二人称或复数形式;has been有,现在完成时,用于第三人称单数形式;paintings绘画作品,名词复数形式;painting绘画作品,名词单数形式。根据“since last week”可知,此处表示动作持续至今,应用现在完成时,排除B、D项。根据“many”可知,第二空应用名词复数形式paintings。在There be句型中,谓语动词需与后面的真实主语保持一致,由于主语“many wonderful…”为复数形式,助动词应用have。故选C。
82.B
【解析】句意:大峡谷那令人惊叹的景色让所有的游客都哑口无言——他们以前从未见过这样的美景。
考查形容词辨析。amazed感到惊奇的,常用于修饰人;amazing令人惊奇的,常用于修饰物;boring令人厌烦的,常用于修饰物;bored感到厌烦的,常用于修饰人。根据“view of the Grand Canyon”可知,此处修饰的对象是事物,排除A、D两项;再结合“left all the tourists speechless—they’d never seen such beauty before”可知,此处是指景色非常美丽,让人感到震撼,应用amazing表示“令人惊叹的”。故选B。
83.A
【解析】句意:——水上公园里的哪个游乐设施是你姐姐最喜欢的?——她最喜欢激流勇进。
考查名词辨析和单复数。ride可乘坐的游乐设施,单数;rides可乘坐的游乐设施,复数;riding骑,动名词;ridden骑,过去分词。根据问句中“in the water park”和答语“the log flume”可知,此处指公园中的具体游乐项目,且“which”后有单数be动词is,此处要用名词单数。故选A。
84.A
【解析】句意:那个圆脸大眼睛的小男孩如此可爱,以至于所有老师都经常表扬他。
考查形容词辨析。cute可爱的;cruel残忍的;lazy懒惰的;rude粗鲁的。根据“all the teachers often praise him”可知,老师经常表扬他,说明他应该是可爱的、讨人喜欢的。故选A。
85.A
【解析】句意:——这个星期天去参观新博物馆怎么样?这些天那里到处都是人。——我认为那里太吵了。我宁愿待在家里也不愿出去。
考查prefer的固定搭配。to stay at home待在家里,动词不定式;go out出去,动词原形;staying at home待在家里,动名词/现在分词;going out出去,动名词/现在分词。根据“I think it’s too noisy.”可知,答话者认为博物馆太吵,倾向于待在家里,排除C、D项。固定句式“prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.”,意为“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”,即第一空填动词不定式,第二空填动词原形。故选A。
86.B
【解析】句意:近年来,在线学习英语的学生数量有了大幅增长。
考查现在完成时。have been现在完成时复数形式;has been现在完成时单数形式;had been过去完成时;are一般现在时复数形式。句子主语是“a great rise”,为单数名词,且时间状语“in recent years”表示从过去持续到现在,应用现在完成时。主语为单数,故谓语动词用has been。故选B。
87.B
【解析】句意:昨天,一阵突然的噪音吓到了正在睡觉的婴儿,她立刻哭了起来。
考查动词时态。根据“Yesterday”可知,句子描述过去发生的动作,需用一般过去时,动词用过去式。故选B。
88.B
【解析】句意:隔壁的老人看起来很友好。他总是热情地和每个人打招呼。
考查形容词用法。angrily生气地,副词;friendly友好的,形容词;quickly快速地,副词;carefully仔细地,副词。根据“He always greets everyone warmly.”可知,老人是友好的,且look“看起来”后应接形容词作表语,空处应用friendly。故选B。
89.D
【解析】句意:——看!云正在散开,我们从这里可以看到整个山谷。——真是享受!这景色值得长途跋涉。
考查情境交际用语。Are you sure 你确定吗?;How boring!多么无聊!;Tell me more.多告诉我一些;What a treat!真是享受/多好的款待!根据答语“This view was worth the long hike.”可知,说话人认为眼前的景色非常棒,应表达积极、赞叹的情绪。选项D符合语境。故选D。
90.C
【解析】句意:——你知道二胡是中国最传统的乐器之一吗?——当然。我们的家乡江阴是许多二胡大师的出生地,比如刘天华。
考查名词辨析。industry工业;university大学;birthplace出生地;body身体。根据“Our hometown Jiangyin is the…of many erhu masters”可知,此处在描述江阴作为家乡与二胡大师们的关系,因此应是这些大师的出生地。故选C。
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