/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
2026年春译林版(2024)八年级英语下册核心考点精讲精练
Unit 6 Sunshine for all
核心词汇
1. 核心名词
词汇 词性 释义 常见搭配/短语
volunteer n./v. 志愿者;志愿做 volunteer to do sth.(自愿做某事);volunteer for(为……志愿)
training n. 训练;培训 receive training(接受培训);training course(培训课程)
support n./vt. 支持;拥护 support sb. with sth.(用某物支持某人);in support of(支持……)
event n. (体育)比赛项目;事件 sports event(体育赛事);main event(主要项目)
chance n. 机会 have a chance to do sth.(有机会做某事);by chance(偶然)
experience n. 经验;经历 work experience(工作经验);life experience(生活经历)
intellectual adj./n. 智力的;知识分子 intellectual disabilities(智力障碍)
disability n. 残疾;障碍 physical disability(身体残疾);learning disability(学习障碍)
coach n./vt. 教练;辅导,训练 swimming coach(游泳教练);coach sb.(辅导某人)
gold n./adj. 黄金;金色的;金牌的 gold medal(金牌);gold/silver/bronze(金/银/铜)
silver n./adj. 银;银色的;银牌的 silver medal(银牌)
bronze n./adj. 青铜;青铜色的;铜牌的 bronze medal(铜牌)
organization n. 组织;机构 international organization(国际组织)
operation n. 手术;操作 perform an operation(做手术);operation on sb.(给某人做手术)
blood n. 血 donate blood(献血)
charity n. 慈善;慈善机构 charity show(慈善演出);raise money for charity(为慈善筹款)
2. 核心动词
词汇 词性 释义 常见搭配/短语
train vi./vt. 接受训练;培训 train to be...(接受培训成为……);train for(为……训练)
support vt. 支持 support sb. in sth.(在某方面支持某人)
donate vt. 捐赠 donate sth. to sb.(把某物捐给某人)
raise vt. 筹集;提升;养育 raise money(筹钱);raise one's voice(提高声音)
cheer vi./vt. 欢呼;使高兴 cheer up(使振作起来);cheer for(为……欢呼)
communicate vi. 沟通,交流 communicate with sb.(与某人交流)
encourage vt. 鼓励 encourage sb. to do sth.(鼓励某人做某事)
share vt. 分享 share sth. with sb.(与某人分享某物)
care vi. 关心;在意 care about(关心);care for(照顾)
succeed vi. 成功 succeed in doing sth.(成功做某事)
3. 核心形容词
词汇 词性 释义 常见搭配/短语
meaningful adj. 有意义的 a meaningful experience(一次有意义的经历)
sunny adj. 阳光充足的;快乐的 sunny weather(晴朗的天气)
voluntary adj. 自愿的;志愿的 voluntary work(志愿工作)
blind adj. 失明的 go blind(失明);the blind(盲人)
deaf adj. 失聪的 the deaf(聋人)
disabled adj. 残疾的 disabled people(残疾人)
generous adj. 慷慨的,大方的 be generous to sb.(对某人慷慨)
friendly adj. 友好的 be friendly to sb.(对某人友好)
helpful adj. 有帮助的 be helpful to sb.(对某人有帮助)
careful adj. 仔细的;小心的 be careful with(小心对待)
confident adj. 自信的 be confident about(对……有信心)
successful adj. 成功的 a successful event(一次成功的活动)
excited adj. 感到兴奋的(修饰人) feel excited(感到兴奋)
exciting adj. 令人兴奋的(修饰物) exciting news(令人兴奋的消息)
interested adj. 感兴趣的(修饰人) be interested in(对……感兴趣)
interesting adj. 有趣的(修饰物) an interesting story(有趣的故事)
hopeful adj. 有希望的 be hopeful about(对……抱有希望)
hopeless adj. 无望的
peaceful adj. 平静的 a peaceful life(平静的生活)
lucky adj. 幸运的 be lucky to do sth.(幸运做某事)
unlucky adj. 不幸的
possible adj. 可能的 It is possible for sb. to do sth.
impossible adj. 不可能的
necessary adj. 必要的 It is necessary to do sth.
important adj. 重要的 It is important to do sth.
核心短语
分类 短语 释义
志愿服务类 train to be a volunteer 接受培训成为一名志愿者
volunteer for the Olympic Games 为奥运会做志愿服务
work as a volunteer 作为一名志愿者工作
provide support for the athletes 为运动员提供支持
make the event a great success 使活动取得巨大成功
work closely with 与……紧密合作
帮助他人类 give a helping hand 伸出援手
care about people with disabilities 关心残疾人
have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难
look down on 看不起
help sb. do sth. 帮助某人做某事
捐赠筹集类 donate sth. to sb. 把某物捐赠给某人
raise money for 为……筹钱
donate blood to people in need 给有需要的人献血
鼓励支持类 cheer up 使振作起来
support each other 互相支持
encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事
机会参与类 have a chance to do sth. 有机会做某事
take part in 参加
try one's best to do sth. 尽力做某事
逻辑连接类 as soon as possible 尽快
because of 因为
核心句型
1. 课文经典句型(关于特奥会志愿者经历)
*It was the 12th Special Olympics World Games. *(这是第12届世界特殊奥林匹克运动会。)
*They give children and adults with intellectual disabilities a chance to show their skills to the world. *(他们给有智力障碍的儿童和成人一个向世界展示技能的机会。)—— give sb. a chance to do sth.
*Over 40,000 people volunteered for the 2007 Special Olympics World Games. *(超过4万人为2007年世界特殊奥林匹克运动会提供了志愿服务。)—— volunteer for
*They provided support for the athletes and helped make the event a great success. *(他们为运动员提供支持,并帮助使活动取得巨大成功。)—— provide sth. for sb. / make sth. a success
*Liu Ming was a swimming coach for a young boy. *(刘明是一个小男孩的游泳教练。)
*He tried his best and finished fourth. *(他尽了最大努力,获得了第四名。)—— try one's best / finish + 序数词
*He feels more confident now because of the Special Olympics World Games. *(由于这次特奥会,他现在感到更加自信了。)—— because of
*It was the most amazing experience of his life. *(这是他一生中最奇妙的经历。)
2. 描述帮助他人的句型
*It's kind/helpful/meaningful to do something for the Olympics. *(为奥运会做点事是善良的/有帮助的/有意义的。)
*We should care about people with disabilities and give them more help. *(我们应该关心残疾人,给他们更多帮助。)
*It's necessary to learn some sign language for helping the deaf. *(为了帮助聋人,学习一些手语是必要的。)
*We need to share our toys with the children in the orphanage. *(我们需要和孤儿院的孩子们分享我们的玩具。)
3. 表达募捐与呼吁的句型
*We are raising money to build a new library for the poor school. *(我们正在筹钱为那所贫困学校建一座新图书馆。)
*I hope all of us can donate money to him. *(我希望我们所有人都能给他捐款。)
*If all of us can give a helping hand, he will get well soon. *(如果我们所有人都能伸出援手,他会很快康复。)
4. 描述困难的句型
*Do you have trouble in learning English *(你在学英语方面有困难吗?)
*Some people look down on deaf people. *(有些人看不起聋人。)
*It is sad that so many people are poor. *(如此多的人贫穷,这令人难过。)
5. 谈论意义的句型
*The most important thing is not to win, but to take part. *(最重要的不是赢,而是参与。)
*I'll always remember the experience that I can help make the lives of poor children better. *(我将永远记得我能帮助改善贫困儿童生活的经历。)
语法聚焦
本单元的核心语法是 It is + adjective + to-infinitive 结构及其两种变体(for sb. 和 of sb.),用于表达对某事或某人行为的看法。
1. It is + adj. + to do sth.
项目 说明
结构 It is + 形容词 + to do sth.
含义 做某事是……的
用法 用于表达对某一行为的看法,形容词描述该行为本身的特征。
例句 It's meaningful to help people in need.(帮助需要帮助的人是有意义的。)
It's important to protect the environment.(保护环境是重要的。)
It's hard to finish the work in two hours.(在两小时内完成工作是困难的。)
2. It is + adj. + for sb. + to do sth.
项目 说明
结构 It is + 形容词 + for sb. + to do sth.
含义 对某人来说做某事是……的
用法 用于指定动作的执行者是谁。形容词描述动作本身的性质(如 important, necessary, difficult, possible, easy 等)。
例句 It is important for us to learn English well.(对我们来说学好英语很重要。)
It is difficult for Li Hai to win the competition.(对李海来说赢得比赛是困难的。)
It is necessary for volunteers to be friendly to athletes.(对志愿者来说对运动员友好是必要的。)
3. It is + adj. + of sb. + to do sth.
项目 说明
结构 It is + 形容词 + of sb. + to do sth.
含义 某人做某事是……的
用法 用于评价某人的行为或品质。形容词描述人的品格(如 kind, clever, nice, polite, silly, careless, brave, generous 等)。
例句 It is kind of you to help me.(你能帮我真是太好了。)
It is brave of him to join the competition.(他能参加比赛真勇敢。)
It is careless of the boy to leave the tap running.(那个男孩让水龙头开着真是太粗心了。)
4. “for sb.” 与 “of sb.” 的区别
对比维度 for sb. of sb.
形容词类型 描述事物性质的形容词:important, necessary, difficult, possible, easy, useful, helpful 描述人物品格的形容词:kind, nice, clever, brave, careless, polite, silly, generous
能否改写 不能改写为 "Sb. is + adj. + to do sth." 可以改写为 "Sb. is + adj. + to do sth."
例句 It is important for us to learn English. It is kind of you to help me.
改写 We are important to learn English. You are kind to help me.
5. 其他相关句型
It is + adj. + that 从句
It is sad that so many people are poor.(如此多的人贫穷,这令人难过。)
It is surprising that bears can play tennis.(熊能打网球真令人惊讶。)
动词不定式作主语(与 it 作形式主语转换)
To help others is meaningful. = It is meaningful to help others.
重点词汇辨析
1. volunteer / voluntary / voluntarily
词汇 词性 用法 例句
volunteer n./v. 志愿者;志愿做 He volunteered to help the old.
voluntary adj. 志愿的,自愿的 He does voluntary work in his free time.
voluntarily adv. 自愿地 She helped us voluntarily.
2. disabled / blind / deaf / elderly / homeless(描述弱势群体的形容词)
词汇 释义 常见用法 例句
disabled 残疾的 the disabled(残疾人) We should help disabled people.
blind 失明的 the blind(盲人) He is blind in the left eye.
deaf 失聪的 the deaf(聋人) She is deaf and can't hear anything.
elderly 年老的 the elderly(老人) We should respect the elderly.
homeless 无家可归的 the homeless(无家可归者) They provide food for the homeless.
3. train / training / trainer / trainee
词汇 词性 释义 例句
train v. 训练;培训 They train hard for the game.
training n. 训练;培训 *receive training
trainer n. 培训师;教练 He is a swimming trainer.
trainee n. 受训者 The trainees are learning quickly.
4. care about / care for / take care of
短语 用法 例句
care about 关心(强调在乎) We should care about people with disabilities.
care for 照顾;喜欢(较正式) She cares for the elderly.
take care of 照顾(= look after) She takes care of her sick mother.
1.With the development of 5G technology, our daily life ________ greatly in the past few years.
A.changes B.changed C.has changed D.will change
2.The 2025 World Table Tennis Championships will be held in Doha, and many players are looking forward to ________ in the competition.
A.compete B.competing C.to compete D.competed
3.The storybook is so interesting that I have read it ________ twice.
A.ever B.yet C.just D.already
4.The old building ________ next month to make room for a new park.
A.will pull down B.is pulled down C.pulls down D.will be pulled down
5.—I heard your brother won the first prize in the math competition.
—Yes, he is always ________ to face difficult problems.
A.brave enough B.enough brave C.too brave D.so brave
6.We can reduce plastic pollution by ________ reusable bags instead of plastic ones when shopping.
A.use B.using C.used D.to use
7.—Do you know ________ we will have the school trip
—Maybe next Friday. Our teacher hasn’t decided yet.
A.when B.where C.why D.how
8.—How long have you ________ the volunteer program
—For nearly two months.
A.taken part in B.joined C.been in D.attended
9.The little girl was so scared that she couldn’t help ________ when she saw the big dog.
A.cry B.crying C.to cry D.cried
10.We should try our best to protect wild animals, as they are an important part of the ________ ecosystem.
A.natural B.normal C.national D.narrow
11.You ________ be patient with disabled people. They need more care and help.
A.can B.must C.should D.may
12.The students ________ many books and stationery to the poor school last month.
A.donated B.sold C.bought D.borrowed
13.When we help others, we can ________ happiness and make the world warmer.
A.share B.find C.lose D.forget
14.It’s important for us to ________ others’ feelings when we communicate with them.
A.care about B.laugh at C.worry about D.talk about
15.While my mother was cooking, I ________ my room to prepare for the volunteer activity.
A.clean B.cleaned C.am cleaning D.will clean
16.—I don’t know how to help the lonely old man.
—________. You can visit him and talk with him often.
A.No way B.Take it easy C.That’s too bad D.You’re welcome
17.He is a ________ volunteer. He spends every weekend helping the homeless animals.
A.regular B.new C.lazy D.busy
18.We should respect everyone, especially those with ________. They have the right to live happily.
A.happiness B.kindness C.disabilities D.health
19.Our school organized a ________ to the countryside to help farmers pick apples.
A.trip B.match C.party D.meeting
20.The little girl is very kind. She always tries her best to ________ people in trouble.
A.hurt B.help C.stop D.refuse
21.—What did you do yesterday
—I joined a volunteer activity ________ clean up the park.
A.in order to B.so that C.because of D.thanks to
22.The volunteers often go to the old people’s home ________ the elderly with housework.
A.help B.to help C.helping D.helped
23.My classmates and I decided to ________ money for the poor children in the village.
A.raise B.make C.save D.spend
24.We had a great time ________ with the children in the orphanage last weekend.
A.play B.played C.playing D.to play
25.Mr Jiang, as ________ elderly man, took part in the games for ________ elderly, and finished ________ second in the race.
A.a; the; the B.an; the; / C.an; an; the D.the; an; /
26.Some people believe that soon school will no longer be ________ because of the Internet and other new technology.
A.important B.exciting C.necessary D.interesting
27.We should ________ our seats to the elderly on the bus. It’s a kind act.
A.offer B.take C.keep D.borrow
28.—The vegetable dish is a little cold. Let me heat it for you.
—Thanks. ________
A.I agree with you. B.It’s a pity.
C.It’s kind of you to do so. D.I don’t need your help.
29.—Do you know the Ice Bucket Challenge It was quite popular before.
—Of course. It is held for those who ________ the disease of ALS.
A.look from B.learn from C.suffer from D.turn from
30.He ________ a serious leg problem, but he didn’t give up his football dream.
A.cared about B.dealt with C.worried about D.suffered from
31.—How was your school trip to the farm
—Great! Everything went ________ and we had a lot of fun.
A.slowly B.smoothly C.clearly D.quietly
32.—Let’s go climbing on Mount Huang this weekend.
—Sounds great. Then a pair of comfortable sports shoes is________.
A.expensive B.different C.necessary D.strong
33.—What did you do with your old toys
—I ________ them to the children’s home. They were very happy.
A.returned B.repaired C.donated D.collected
34.Confucius’s quote (名言) “Never do to others what you don’t want others to do to you” ________ us to always care about other people’s feelings.
A.reminds B.warns C.invites D.speaks
35.My brother won the first prize in the piano competition! He ________ his dream after years of practice.
A.achieved B.described C.imagined D.introduced
36.—Can you go to the movies with me tonight
—Sorry, I have no ________ time. I need to finish my homework.
A.difficult B.early C.perfect D.spare
37.—It’s almost midnight. Can I still order some food
—Well, we provide people with a 24 -hour ________.
A.service B.suggestion C.menu D.break
38.We need to learn teamwork, because it is important ________ us to work with others in the future.
A.of B.for C.to D.with
39.— Look! The train is going ________ the tunnel. What high speed!
— If there are no traffic lights, don’t ________ the tracks. It’s dangerous!
A.across; through B.across; across C.through; through D.through; cross
40.The famous writer has been dead for over a hundred years, but his works still have great ________ today.
A.confidence B.courage C.service D.influence
41.—My favourite subject is ________. I love doing experiments.
—Me too!
A.chemistry B.literature C.fantasy D.English
42.It’s important ________ to our parents when we have problems.
A.to talk B.talking C.talk D.talked
43.________ is necessary for us to wash our hands when we are back home.
A.It B.That C.This D.There
44.I think ________ easy ________ English every day.
A.that; keep reading B.it’s; keep reading
C.that; to keep reading D.it; to keep reading
45.— Lucy ________ her dream and won two gold medals for her country.
— ________ excellent girl!
A.achieved; How B.came true; How C.achieved; What an D.came true; What an
46.—I think ________ is necessary to help the people in need.
—Yes, I agree with you.
A.it B.this C.that D.what
47.—Waiter, there’s a fly (苍蝇) swimming in my soup. —So what do you ________ me to do Call a lifeguard (救生员)
A.warn B.expect C.invite D.encourage
48.She doesn’t ________ a new dictionary because she has ________.
A.need to buy; one B.need buy; one C.need to buy; it D.need buy; it
49.—Do you have enough men to carry the clothes
—No. I think we need ________ men.
A.another B.two others C.more two D.two more
50.________ is impolite for us to shout at others loudly.
A.This B.That C.There D.It
51.— Nowadays, lots of teenagers are interested in playing games on smartphones.
— I think that will have a bad ________ on their studies.
A.environment B.habit C.background D.influence
52.We can ________ old clothes to the charity shop.
A.sell B.buy C.donate D.throw
53.You can’t always ________ your parents to help you. You are eighteen years old now.
A.expect B.follow C.happen D.refuse
54.—Would you like to come to my party this afternoon
—________. I have to help my mother look after my little sister.
A.Good idea B.I’d love to, but I can’t C.Sorry to hear that D.See you then
55.The library is not far from here, so it’s not ________ to drive there.
A.serious B.fantastic C.necessary D.enjoyable
56.—Jiaozi has become a successful director for his film series Ne Zha.
—His success tells us that to realize a dream requires action, or you won’t ________ anything.
A.allow B.avoid C.achieve D.afford
57.—Chinese is more and more popular all over the world.
—Exactly! It’s becoming a ________ language.
A.similar B.necessary C.direct D.hard
58.When we are in the most difficult situation, success is always around the corner. So instead of ________, I will work harder.
A.giving it away B.giving away it C.giving it up D.giving up it
59.—I don’t like learning maths. It’s too difficult ________ me to learn it.
—But maths is very useful. It’s silly ________ you to drop it.
A.of; for B.for; of C.of; of D.for; for
60.When the war suddenly broke out, many of the citizens became homeless and ________ the loss of their families.
A.got from B.came from C.suffered from D.absent from
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
参考答案及试题解析
1.C
【解析】句意:随着5G技术的发展,在过去的几年里我们的日常生活已经大大改变了。
考查现在完成时。根据时间状语“in the past few years”可知,动作发生在过去并持续到现在,强调对现在的影响,应用现在完成时,其构成是助动词have+过去分词;这里的主语是life,助动词应用has,change的过去分词是changed。故选C。
2.B
【解析】句意:2025年世界乒乓球锦标赛将在多哈举行,许多选手都期待着在比赛中竞争。
考查非谓语动词。look forward to后接名词或动名词,表示“期待”,因此应选动名词形式competing。故选B。
3.D
【解析】句意:这本故事书如此有趣,以至于我已经读了两遍。
考查副词辨析。ever曾经;yet还,常用于否定句和疑问句;just刚刚;already已经。根据“The storybook is so interesting that I have read it…twice.”可知,此处表示“已经读过两遍”,强调完成,already常用于肯定句表示“已经”。故选D。
4.D
【解析】句意:这栋旧建筑下个月将被拆除,以便为一座新公园腾出空间。
考查被动语态和时态。will pull down将拆除,主动语态;is pulled down被拆除,一般现在时被动语态;pulls down拆除,主动语态;will be pulled down将被拆除,一般将来时被动语态。根据“next month”可知动作发生在将来,且主语“the old building”与“拆除”之间是被动关系,应用一般将来时的被动语态。故选D。
5.A
【解析】句意:——我听说你兄弟在数学竞赛中得了一等奖。——是的,他总是足够勇敢去面对难题。
考查enough的用法。brave enough足够勇敢;enough brave语序错误;too brave太勇敢;so brave如此勇敢。根据“he is always…to face difficult problems.”可知,enough修饰形容词或副词时,需后置,即“形容词/副词+enough”,因此“足够勇敢”应为brave enough。故选A。
6.B
【解析】句意:购物时,我们可以通过使用可重复使用的袋子代替塑料袋来减少塑料污染。
考查非谓语动词。use使用,动词原形;using使用,动名词;used使用,过去式或过去分词;to use使用,不定式。介词“by”后需接动名词作宾语,构成“by doing sth.”结构。故选B。
7.A
【解析】句意:——你知道我们什么时候进行学校旅行吗?——可能下周五。我们老师还没决定。
考查宾语从句。when什么时候;where哪里;why为什么;how怎样。根据“Maybe next Friday.”可知,问句询问的是时间,因此引导词用when。故选A。
8.C
【解析】句意:——你参加这个志愿者项目多久了?——将近两个月了。
考查延续性动词。taken part in参加活动;joined加入组织、团体;been in参加/在……中(状态延续);attended出席会议。根据“How long have you...the volunteer program ”可知,问句以“How long”开头,询问持续时间,需用延续性动词或表示状态的表达。故选C。
9.B
【解析】句意:小女孩太害怕了,当她看到那只大狗时忍不住哭了起来。
考查动词短语。couldn’t help doing sth.“忍不住做某事”,后接动名词作宾语。cry哭,动词原形;crying哭,动名词;to cry哭,不定式;cried哭,过去式。故选B。
10.A
【解析】句意:我们应该尽力保护野生动物,因为它们是自然生态系统的重要组成部分。
考查形容词辨析。natural自然的;normal正常的;national国家的;narrow狭窄的。根据“ecosystem”可知,此处指“自然”生态系统。natural“自然的”,符合此语境。故选A。
11.C
【解析】句意:你应该对残疾人有耐心。他们需要更多的关心和帮助。
考查情态动词辨析。can能,会;must必须;should应该;may可能。根据“They need more care and help.”可知,此处是建议要对残疾人有耐心,表示建议用情态动词should“应该”。故选C。
12.A
【解析】句意:上个月学生们给贫困学校捐赠了许多书籍和文具。
考查动词辨析。donated捐赠;sold售卖;bought购买;borrowed借入。根据“many books and stationery to the poor school”可知,此处是指捐赠书籍和文具给贫困学校,所以应该用donated。故选A。
13.A
【解析】句意:当我们帮助别人时,我们可以分享快乐,让世界变得更温暖。
考查动词词义辨析。share分享;find找到;lose失去;forget忘记。根据“When we help others”以及“happiness and make the world warmer”可知,帮助别人可以分享快乐,让世界变得更温暖,所以此处应该用share。故选A。
14.A
【解析】句意:当我们与他人交流时,关心他人的感受是很重要的。
考查动词短语辨析。care about关心;laugh at嘲笑;worry about担心;talk about谈论。根据句意“交流时……他人的感受很重要”可知,此处应表示“关心”他人的感受,符合积极交流的原则。故选A。
15.B
【解析】句意:当我妈妈在做饭时,我打扫了我的房间,为志愿活动做准备。
考查时态。clean打扫,动词原形;cleaned打扫,过去式;am cleaning正在打扫,现在进行时;will clean将要打扫,一般将来时。主句动作“打扫房间”与从句动作“妈妈做饭”同时发生,从句使用过去进行时“was cooking”,因此主句应用一般过去时。故选B。
16.B
【解析】句意:——我不知道如何帮助那位孤独的老人。——别担心。你可以经常去看望他并和他聊天。
考查情境交际用语。No way 没门;Take it easy 别担心;That’s too bad 那太糟糕了;You’re welcome 不客气。根据“You can visit him and talk with him often.”可知,此处是安慰对方,表示“别担心”。故选B。
17.A
【解析】句意:他是一名定期的志愿者。他每个周末都帮助无家可归的动物。
考查形容词辨析。regular定期的;new新的;lazy懒惰的;busy忙碌的。根据“He spends every weekend helping the homeless animals.”可知,他做志愿者是规律、定期的,与 regular 含义相符。故选A。
18.C
【解析】句意:我们应该尊重每个人,尤其是那些有残疾的人。他们有幸福生活的权利。
考查词义辨析。happiness幸福;kindness善良;disabilities残疾;health健康。根据“We should respect everyone”以及“They have the right to live happily.”可知,此处指尤其要尊重那些有残疾的人,with disabilities表示“有残疾的”。故选C。
19.A
【解析】句意:我们学校组织了一次去乡村的旅行,帮助农民摘苹果。
考查名词辨析。trip旅行;match比赛;party聚会;meeting会议。根据“to the countryside to help farmers pick apples”可知,去乡村帮助摘苹果应是一次外出活动,trip 最符合语境。故选A。
20.B
【解析】句意:这个小女孩很善良。她总是尽她最大的努力去帮助处于困境中的人。
考查动词词义辨析。hurt伤害;help帮助;stop停止;refuse拒绝。根据“The little girl is very kind.”可知,小女孩很善良,所以应该是尽力去帮助处于困境中的人,所以应该用help。故选B。
21.A
【解析】句意:——你昨天做了什么?——我参加了一个志愿活动,目的是打扫公园。
考查短语辨析。in order to为了,后接动词原形,表示目的;so that以便,后接句子,表示目的;because of因为,后接名词或名词短语,表示原因;thanks to多亏,后接名词或名词短语,表示原因。根据“I joined a volunteer activity...clean up the park.”可知,参加志愿活动的目的是打扫公园,且“clean up”是动词原形,所以应该用in order to。故选A。
22.B
【解析】句意:志愿者们经常去养老院帮助老人们做家务。
考查非谓语动词。根据“go to the old people’s home…”可知,句中已有谓语动词go,空格处需用非谓语动词表示目的,应用动词不定式to help作目的状语。故选B。
23.A
【解析】句意:我和同学们决定为村里的贫困儿童筹钱。
考查动词辨析。raise筹集;make制作;save节省;spend花费。根据“ money for the poor children in the village.”可知,此处应表示“筹钱”,固定搭配为raise money。故选A。
24.C
【解析】句意:上周末我们在孤儿院和孩子们一起玩得很开心。
考查非谓语动词。固定搭配“have a great time (in) doing sth.”表示“做某事很开心”,其中介词“in”常省略,因此这里应用动名词playing。故选C。
25.B
【解析】句意:江先生作为一个老人,参加了老年人运动会,并且在比赛中获得了第二名。
考查冠词用法。a不定冠词,表泛指,用于以辅音音素开头的单词前;an不定冠词,表泛指,用于以元音音素开头的单词前;the定冠词,表特指;/零冠词。第一个空,根据语境可知,此处表示“作为一个老人”,需用不定冠词表示泛指,elderly是以元音音素开头的单词,应用an;第二个空,the+形容词表示一类人,the elderly表示“老年人”,是固定用法;第三个空, “finish + 序数词” 表示“获得第……名”。故选B。
26.C
【解析】句意:一些人认为,由于互联网和其他新技术,学校很快将不再必要。
考查形容词辨析。important重要的;exciting令人兴奋的;necessary必要的;interesting有趣的。根据“because of the internet and other new technology”可知,新技术可能取代学校的部分功能,因此学校可能变得“不必要”。故选C。
27.A
【解析】句意:在公交车上,我们应该把我们的座位让给老人。这是一种善举。
考查动词辨析。offer提供;take拿;keep保持;borrow借。根据句意,在公交车上给老人“提供”座位是常见的礼貌行为,且“offer sth. to sb.”是固定搭配,意为“把某物提供给某人”。故选A。
28.C
【解析】句意:——这道蔬菜有点凉了。让我帮你热一下吧。——谢谢。你这么做真是太好了。
考查情景交际。I agree with you.我同意你的观点;It’s a pity.真遗憾;It’s kind of you to do so.你这么做真是太好了;I don’t need your help.我不需要你的帮助。根据“Thanks.”可知,此处是对对方提出帮忙加热蔬菜这一善意行为的回应,应表达感谢和赞扬,所以应该用“It’s kind of you to do so.”来回应。故选C。
29.C
【解析】句意:——你知道“冰桶挑战”吗?它之前很流行。——当然知道。它是为那些患有ALS疾病的人举办的。
考查动词短语辨析。look from从……看;learn from向……学习;suffer from遭受;turn from从……转变。根据“the disease of ALS”可知,此处表示“患有ALS疾病的人”,应使用suffer from。故选C。
30.D
【解析】句意:他腿部有严重的问题,但他没有放弃他的足球梦。
考查动词短语辨析。cared about关心;dealt with处理;worried about担心;suffered from遭受……(痛苦)。根据宾语“a serious leg problem”,可知是“遭受”腿部问题的困扰。故选D。
31.B
【解析】句意:——你们去农场的学校郊游怎么样?——很棒!一切进展顺利,我们玩得很开心。
考查副词辨析。slowly缓慢地;smoothly顺利地;clearly清晰地;quietly安静地。根据答语“Great!”和“we had a lot of fun”可知,郊游很愉快,因此一切进展顺利。故选B。
32.C
【解析】句意:——我们这周末去爬黄山吧。——听起来很棒。那么一双舒适的运动鞋是必要的。
考查形容词辨析。expensive昂贵的;different不同的;necessary必要的;strong强壮的。根据常识,爬山时舒适的运动鞋是“必要的”装备。故选C。
33.C
【解析】句意:——你怎样处理你的旧玩具?——我把它们捐赠给了儿童之家。孩子们非常开心。
考查动词辨析。returned归还;repaired修理;donated捐赠;collected收集。根据“They were very happy.”可知,孩子们很开心,由此推断是把旧玩具捐赠给了儿童之家,所以“donated捐赠”符合语境。故选C。
34.A
【解析】句意:孔子的名言“己所不欲,勿施于人”提醒我们要时刻关心他人的感受。
考查动词辨析。reminds提醒;warns警告;invites邀请;speaks说。名言、格言通常起到“提醒、告诫”的作用。短语“remind sb. to do sth.”意为“提醒某人做某事”。故选A。
35.A
【解析】句意:我哥哥在钢琴比赛中获得了一等奖!经过多年的练习,他实现了他的梦想。
考查动词辨析。achieved实现;described描述;imagined想象;introduced介绍。根据前句“won the first prize”和宾语“his dream”,可知是“实现”了梦想。故选A。
36.D
【解析】句意:——今晚你能和我一起去看电影吗?——抱歉,我没有空闲时间。我需要完成我的作业。
考查形容词辨析。difficult困难的;early早的;perfect完美的;spare空闲的。根据答句“I need to finish my homework.”可知,说话人没有空闲时间。故选D。
37.A
【解析】句意:——快半夜了。我还能点些吃的吗?——嗯,我们提供24小时服务。
考查名词辨析。service服务;suggestion建议;menu菜单;break休息。根据“Can I still order some food ”及“we provide people with a 24 -hour”可知,提供的是“24小时服务”。故选A。
38.B
【解析】句意:我们需要学习团队合作,因为对我们来说,将来与他人合作是很重要的。
考查“It is+形容词+for/of sb.+to do sth.”结构辨析。for sb.表示某事对某人来说具有某种特征;of sb.表示某人本身具有某种品质。形容词“important”描述的是“to work with others”这件事的性质,应用“for us”。故选B。
39.D
【解析】句意:——看!火车正在穿过隧道。速度真快!——如果没有交通灯,不要横穿轨道。这很危险!
考查介词与动词辨析。across穿过 (表示从事物的表面穿过),介词;through穿过 (表示从事物的内部穿过),介词;cross横穿,动词。第一空,表示“火车穿过隧道”,是从隧道内部穿过,需用through;第二空,在don’t后需用动词原形,表示“横穿轨道”,用cross。故选D。
40.D
【解析】句意:这位著名作家已经去世一百多年了,但他的作品至今仍有很大的影响力。
考查名词辨析。confidence信心;courage勇气;service服务;influence影响力。根据“but his works still have great...”可知,此处表示作品至今仍有很大影响力,符合语境。故选D。
41.A
【解析】句意:——我最喜欢的科目是化学。我喜欢做实验。——我也是!
考查名词辨析。chemistry化学;literature文学;fantasy幻想;English英语。根据“I love doing experiments.”可知,做实验是化学课的典型活动,因此最喜欢的科目应是化学。故选A。
42.A
【解析】句意:当我们遇到问题时,和父母交谈是很重要的。
考查动词不定式。to talk动词不定式;talking动名词;talk动词原形;talked过去式。根据“It’s important ... to our parents”可知,固定句型“It’s + adj. + to do sth.”,表示“做某事是……的”。该句型中形容词important后应接动词不定式作真正主语。故选A。
43.A
【解析】句意:我们回家后洗手是必要的。
考查it作形式主语的用法。It它;That那个;This这个;There那里。分析句子结构可知,真正的主语是后面的不定式短语“to wash our hands when we are back home”,此处需用it作形式主语,构成“It is + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth.”句型。故选A。
44.D
【解析】句意:我认为每天坚持读英语很容易。
考查it作形式宾语。在“I think + 宾语 + 形容词 + to do sth.”结构中,常用it作形式宾语,真正宾语为后面的不定式。故选D。
45.C
【解析】句意:——露西实现了她的梦想,并为她的国家赢得了两枚金牌。——多么优秀的女孩啊!
考查动词短语和感叹句辨析。achieved实现;came true实现。根据第一空,主语“Lucy”后接宾语“her dream”,应使用及物动词“achieve”表示“实现梦想”;“come true”为不及物短语,不能直接接宾语。第二空感叹句的中心词是单数可数名词“girl”,应用“What a/an”结构,又因“excellent”以元音音素开头,故用“What an”。故选C。
46.A
【解析】句意:——我认为帮助有需要的人是必要的。——是的,我同意你的看法。
考查it作形式宾语的用法。it它;this这个;that那个;what什么。分析句子结构可知,动词think后接宾语从句,从句中真正的主语是“to help the people in need”,此处需用it作形式宾语,代替后面的不定式,构成“think it + adj. + to do sth.”结构。故选A。
47.B
【解析】句意:——服务员,我的汤里有只苍蝇在游泳。——那你想要我做什么?叫个救生员吗?
考查动词辨析。warn警告;expect期望,要求;invite邀请;encourage鼓励。根据答语“So what do you ... me to do ”可知,服务员反问顾客“你希望/要求我做什么”,用expect符合句意。故选B。
48.A
【解析】句意:她不需要买一本新字典,因为她已经有一本了。
考查need的用法和代词辨析。need to buy需要买;one一本;need buy错误搭配;it它。need作实义动词时,后接to do;后半句“她已经有一本”中的“一本”指代同类事物,用one泛指。故选A。
49.D
【解析】句意:——你有足够的人来搬这些衣服吗?——不。我想我们还需要两个人。
考查数量短语。another另一个,后接单数名词;two others另外两个(人或物),是代词短语,后不接名词;more two错误表达;two more另外两个,后接复数名词。根据“I think we need…men.”可知,此处表示还需要两个人。表示“另外几个”可用“another+基数词+名词”或“基数词+more+名词”。two more men相当于another two men。故选D。
50.D
【解析】句意:对我们来说大声对别人喊叫是不礼貌的。
考查it作形式主语的用法。This这个;That那个;There那里;It它。据“…is impolite for us to shout at others loudly.”可知,此处是“It is+adj+for sb to do sth”句型,意为“对某人来说做某事是……的”,其中it是形式主语,真正的主语是动词不定式。故选D。
51.D
【解析】句意:——如今,许多青少年对在智能手机上玩游戏感兴趣。——我认为那会对他们的学习产生不良影响。
考查名词辨析。environment环境;habit习惯;background背景;influence影响。根据“lots of teenagers are interested in playing games on smartphones”并结合备选项可知,have a bad influence on...“对……有不良影响”,符合语境,故选D。
52.C
【解析】句意:我们可以把旧衣服捐给慈善商店。
考查动词辨析。sell卖;buy买;donate捐赠;throw扔。根据“to the charity shop”可知,慈善商店通常接受捐赠物品,此处指捐赠旧衣服。故选C。
53.A
【解析】句意:你不能总是期望你的父母来帮助你。你现在已经十八岁了。
考查动词辨析。expect期望;follow跟随;happen发生;refuse拒绝。根据“You are eighteen years old now.”可知,此处表示“不能总是期望父母帮助”,expect sb. to do sth.意为“期望某人做某事”,符合语境。故选A。
54.B
【解析】句意:——今天下午你想来参加我的聚会吗?——我很想去,但我不能去。我得帮我妈妈照顾我的小妹妹。
考查情景交际。Good idea好主意;I’d love to, but I can’t我很想去,但我不能去;Sorry to hear that听到这个很难过;See you then到时候见。根据答语“I have to help my mother look after my little sister.”可知,说话人因有事无法参加聚会,应礼貌地先表示愿意,再说明不能去的理由。故选B。
55.C
【解析】句意:图书馆离这儿不远,所以没必要开车去那里。
考查形容词辨析。serious严重的;fantastic极好的;necessary必要的;enjoyable令人愉快的。根据前句“The library is not far from here”可知,距离近,因此开车去是不必要的。故选C。
56.C
【解析】句意:——饺子(导演)因其电影系列《哪吒》已成为一名成功的导演。——他的成功告诉我们,实现梦想需要行动,否则你将不会取得任何成就。
考查动词辨析。allow允许;avoid避免;achieve取得,实现;afford负担得起。根据前句“to realize a dream requires action”,可知其反面是“不会取得(成就)”。动词“achieve”意为“取得,实现”,常与dream、success等搭配。故选C。
57.B
【解析】句意:——中文在全世界越来越受欢迎。——确实!它正在成为一种必需的语言。
考查形容词辨析。similar相似的;necessary必需的;direct直接的;hard困难的。根据前句“Chinese is more and more popular all over the world.”可知,中文的普及使其重要性增加,因此它正变得“必需”。故选B。
58.C
【解析】句意:当我们处于最困难的境地时,成功往往就在眼前。所以我不会放弃,而会更加努力。
考查动词短语辨析。give away捐赠;give up放弃。根据“When we are in the most difficult situation, success is always around the corner”可知,应是面对困难不放弃,而give up为“动副”结构短语,代词it应放在动词与副词之间,故选C。
59.B
【解析】句意:——我不喜欢学数学。对我来说学它太难了。——但是数学很有用。你放弃它太傻了。
考查“It’s+形容词+for/of sb.+to do sth.”结构辨析。for sb.常用于表示某事对某人来说具有某种特征,形容词多为描述事物性质的,如important, necessary, difficult等;of sb.常用于表示某人本身具有某种品质,形容词多为描述人的性格、品德的,如kind, nice, silly, clever等。第一空,形容词“difficult”描述的是“to learn it”这件事的性质,应用“for me”。第二空,形容词“silly”描述的是“you”这个人的行为是愚蠢的,应用“of you”。故选B。
60.C
【解析】句意:当战争突然爆发时,许多市民变得无家可归,并遭受了失去家人的痛苦。
考查动词短语辨析。got from从……得到;came from来自;suffered from遭受……(痛苦);absent from缺席,不在。根据前半句“became homeless”和宾语“the loss of their families”可知,这是一种“遭受”的痛苦。故选C。
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