2026届高考英语二轮-阅读理解之细节理解复习课件（全国通用）(共61张PPT)
文档属性
| 名称 | 2026届高考英语二轮-阅读理解之细节理解复习课件（全国通用）(共61张PPT) |
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| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 24.1MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2026-03-01 00:00:00 | ||
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文档简介
(共61张PPT)
考点一 考查数字计算题
考点二 考查直接信息理解题
考点三 考查间接信息理解题
析·考情精解
01
构·知能架构
02
破·考点攻坚
03
真题动向 考查图表的识别能力，在文字的辅助下获取图表信息并总结规律
必备知识 知识1 直接数字计算题的方法总结 知识2 间接数字计算题的方法总结
关键能力 能力1 根据文章中的关键信息定位计算的依据，进而进行直接计算。
能力2 根据文章中的关键信息定位+隐含的附加条件进行计算，留心隐含附加条件是关键。
命题预测 考向1 考查直接数字计算题 考向2 考查间接数字计算题
真题动向 在语篇情境中考查获取直接信息的能力
必备知识 知识 1．解题步骤2．选项特征3.可用的常识性判断
命题预测 考向 在具体语境中考查获取直接信息
真题动向 在语篇情境中考查获取间接信息的能力
必备知识 知识 间接信息题解题指导：间接细节理解题的解题关键 解题思路
命题预测 考向 在具体语境中考查获取间接信息
剖析考情动向 精研考点分布
析·考情精解
part one
01
析·考情精解
命题轨迹透视 从近三年高考试题来看，阅读理解以细节理解为主，题目难度适中偏易。命题趋势：在语篇中考查学生快速获取信息的能力，强化语言核心素养的培养。 考点频次总结 考点 2025年 2024年 2023年
细节理解题 2025年全国一卷·阅读理解A21、22、23；B24；C28；D33、35 2025年全国二卷·阅读理解A21、22、23；B24、25；C28、29；D33 2025年1月浙江卷·阅读理解A21、22、23；B26；C29；D33、34 2024年新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解A21、22、23；B24、25；C30；D32、 33、 34 2024年新高考II卷·阅读理解A21、22、23；B25、26、27；C28、29、30；D34 2024年1月浙江卷·阅读理解A21、22、23；B25、26、27；C28、29；D32、33、34
2023年新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解A21、23；B24、26；C28；D33
2023年新高考II卷·阅读理解A21、22、23；B24、25、27；C29；D32、35
2023年1月浙江卷·阅读理解A21、22、23；C30、31；D33、34
2026命题
预测 预计在2026年高考中，会以多种体裁和题材语篇为命题情景，考查考生获取信息的能力，阅读理解中的细节理解题是必考点。 构·知能架构
part two
02
搭建知识网络 整合能力体系
构·知能架构
细节理解题
直接信息题
数字计算题
间接信息题
题干关键词定位：找出题干的关键词，从文章相关语段中找对应的关键信息，进行对比即可找到答案。现在有些题，题干和选项都进行了同意表达，注意辨別。
对比总结找答案：题干和选项通常都进行了同意改写，识别同意句表达是关键，有时需要找到多个信息点，进行总结才能找到答案。例如：常见的找共同点的细节理解题。
依据计算条件算结果：数字计算题一定先从文章中找到计算数字结果的条件，按照条件进行简单计算即可找到答案。注意：文章中的某些隐含附加条件是出错的根源。
破·考点攻坚
part three
03
破解考点规律 攻克解题难关
考点一 考查数字计算题
真题动向
1. （2025年全国一卷·阅读理解21；2.5分）The greening of planes, trains and automobiles
Moving goods and people around the world is responsible for a large part of global CO2 emissions (排放). As the world races to decarbonize everything, it faces particular problems with transportation — which accounts for about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions. Here’s the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport.
The fuels for transport need to be not just green, cheap and powerful, but also lightweight and safe enough to be carried around. Each mode of transport has its specific fuel needs. Much is still to be settled, but here are some of the solutions to get us going green.
考点一 考查数字计算题
真题动向
This energy transition (变革) is global, and the amount of renewable energy the world will need is “a little bit mind-blowing,” says mechanical engineer Keith Wipke at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. It’s estimated that the global demand for electricity could more than double by 2050. Fortunately, analyses suggest that renewables are up to the task. “We need to speed up the development of green energy, and it will all get used,” says Wipke.
考点一 考查数字计算题
真题动向
1. What percentage of global transport emissions did road vehicles account for in 2018
A. 11.6%. B. 45.1%. C. 74.5%. D. 86.1%.
文章以2018年不同交通方式的温室气体排放占比，以及飞机、汽车等各类交通工具的未来绿色燃料路径为命题情境，培养学生的环境保护意识。
本题命题人打破传统的生活、旅游类应用文的考查角度，用科普应用文考查学习获取信息的能力。
考查考生从科普类应用文中获取信息的能力，体现了国家重视科技的重要思想。
新情境
新考法
新角度
C
＋
考点一 考查数字计算题
真题动向
2.（2025年1月浙江卷·阅读理解23；2.5分）
Interlibrary Loan (ILL) provides teachers, students and staff with access to books that are checked out or not owned by our own libraries, as well as digitized copies of articles and book chapters from our collection.
Who Can Borrow
Current students, teachers (including retired) and staff can request items through ILL. Interlibrary loan is not available to former students, guest borrowers or fee-card holders.
How Long Does It Take
Articles are usually received within 1-2 days and books in 5-10 days. However, obtaining items that are rare, recently published or in high demand may take longer. To speed up the process, please make sure the information you submit through the ILL Request Form is accurate.
Length of Loans
Loan periods are established by the lending library. All due dates are noted on the label. Borrowed items are subject to recall by the lending library. Any restrictions established by the lending library will be indicated on the label. No renewals (续借) are allowed for physical items borrowed through ILL.
考点一 考查数字计算题
真题动向
Notification/Delivery Options
For a physical item, you will be notified by email when it arrives. Items are picked up at one of our libraries—the one you selected in the ILL Request Form. For an article or book chapter, you will be notified by email when it is available. To obtain the article or chapter, click on the link provided in the email and log into your ILL account. Once in your account, select Electronic Articles Received.
Interlibrary Loan Fees
Library Type Loan Cost Article/Chapter Cost
Non-Profit Libraries $15 $10
For-Profit Libraries $20 $12
International Libraries $25 $15
考点一 考查数字计算题
真题动向
Library Type Loan Cost Article/Chapter Cost
Non-Profit Libraries $15 $10
For-Profit Libraries $20 $12
International Libraries $25 $15
2. How much do you pay for two articles obtained from an international library
A．$15. B．$20. C．$24. D．$30.
15 × 2 = 30
D
这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了图书馆间借阅服务的相关信息。根据表格中“International Libraries Article/ Chapter Cost $15 (国际图书馆 文章/章节费用 15美元)”可知，从国际图书馆获取两篇文章的费用是15×2=30美元。故选D。
考点一 考查数字计算题
真题动向
3.（2023·全国乙卷·阅读理解C 篇节选）
According to a new study from market analysts, 1 in 5 Britons say that watching cookery programmes on TV has encouraged them to try different food. Almost one third say they now use a wider variety of ingredients (配料) than they used to, and just under 1 in 4 say they now buy better quality ingredients than before. One in four adults say that TV chefs have made them much more confident about expanding their cookery knowledge and skills, and young people are also getting more interested in cooking. The UK’s obsession (痴迷) with food is reflected through television scheduling. Cookery shows and documentaries about food are broadcast more often than before. With an increasing number of male chefs on TV, it’s no longer “uncool” for boys to like cooking.
3. Which is the percentage of the people using more diverse ingredients now
A. 20%. B. 24%. C. 25%. D. 33%.
D
考点一 考查数字计算题
真题动向
细节理解题。根据三第段的“Almost one third say they now use a wider variety of ingredients (配料) than they used to, and just under 1 in 4 say they now buy better quality ingredients than before.”（几乎三分之一的人表示他们现在使用的配料比以前更多，将近四分之一的人表示他们现在购买的配料质量比以前更好。）可知，三分之一左右的人，也就是33%左右的人，使用的配料比以前更多。故选D项。
数字计算题最常用的方法是：
仔细理解题干中的信息要求；
从文章中定位计算需要的信息；
通过计算得出答案。
直接计算题
考点一 考查数字计算题
真题动向
4. (2024·新高考Ⅰ卷) Bike Rental & Guided Tours
Welcome to Amsterdam, welcome to MacBike. You see much more from the seat of a bike! Cycling is the most economical, sustainable and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and countless lights. You can also bike along lovely landscapes outside of Amsterdam.
Why MacBike
MacBike has been around for almost 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rental company in Amsterdam. With over 2,500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available for you. We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake(刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears(排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes.
Prices
Hand Brake, Three Gears Foot Brake, No Gears
1 hour ?7.50 ?5.00
3 hours ?11.00 ?7.50
1 day (24 hours) ?14.75 ?9.75
Each additional day ?8.00 ?6.00
考点一 考查数字计算题
真题动向
Guided City Tours
The 2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much more. The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day. You can buy your ticket in a MacBike shop or book online.
4. How much do you pay for renting a bike with hand brake and three gears for two days
A. ?15.75. B. ?19.50. C. ?22.75. D. ?29.50.
Hand Brake, Three Gears Foot Brake, No Gears
1 hour ?7.50 ?5.00
3 hours ?11.00 ?7.50
1 day (24 hours) ?14.75 ?9.75
Each additional day ?8.00 ?6.00
14.75 + 8 = 22.75
C
本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在阿姆斯特丹进行自行车租赁和雇佣导游的操作方式，价格等细节。根据定价表可知，租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车一天需要14.75欧元，额外增加天数每天8欧元。所以租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车两天需要14.75+8=22.75欧元。故选C。
考点一 考查数字计算题
真题动向
5.（2023·1月浙江卷·阅读理解A篇节选）
Explorers Camp
Full day camp for kids aged 5-13.
Monday-Friday, July 8-26, 9am-4pm.
Week 1 | July 8-12
Week 2 | July 15-19
Week 3 | July 22-26
Register for a single week or multiple weeks.
Fees: $365 per week.
The last day to cancel registration and receive a full refund (退款) is June 15.
Camp Structure
The day is divided into two thematic sessions per age group. Campers have a three-hour morning class engaging with a morning theme (9am to 12 noon) and a one-hour lunch break, followed by another three-hour class engaging with an afternoon theme (1pm to 4pm). Snack periods are held throughout the day. All campers should bring their own bagged lunch and snacks.
5. How many hours of class will you have altogether if you register for a single week
A．15. B．21. C．30. D．42.
考点一 考查数字计算题
真题动向
C
细节理解题。根据“ Monday-Friday, July 8-26, 9am-4pm.( 7月8日至26日，星期一至星期五，上午9点至下午4点)”可知，每周安排5天的活动。根据Camp Structure部分中的“Campers have a three-hour morning class engaging with a morning theme (9am to 12 noon) and a one-hour lunch break, followed by another three-hour class engaging with an afternoon theme (1pm to 4pm).(露营者有一个三小时的上午课程（上午9点到中午12点）和一个小时的午休时间，然后是另一个三个小时的下午课程（下午1点到下午4点）)”可知，全天有6个小时的课程。5*6=30。由此可知，如果你注册一周，你总共有30小时的课程。故选C。
间接计算题一定要注意文章中隐藏的附加条件，这是造成计算失误的重要因素，所以在做应用文计算题时，一定要认真细致，避免简单题做错。
间接计算题
必备知识
考点一 考查数字计算题
知识点1 直接计算题
数字计算题一般会涉及时间、年龄、价钱、数量、距离等的简单计算。一般来说，计算量都比较小，容易计算。这类计算题从文中找到相关信息，直接进行相关的计算就可以得出答案。数字计算题最常用的解题方法：1.仔细理解题干中的信息要求；2.从文章中定位计算需要的信息；3.通过简单的计算得出答案。
知识点2 间接计算题
应用文文中的计算题有时需要考虑间接的隐含条件才能计算正确。这些“暗”信息会涉及附加条件以及对某个难句的理解，从这个角度上讲，理解文中相应的复杂句是解这类题的关键。数字计算题的话题有：1.广告类；2.故事类；3. 科普知识类；4.史地自然类；5.文化教育类。设问方式以when，in which year，how many/much等疑问词(组)开头引出问题。解此类试题常用“整合推算”法。
此类题要求考生对具体细节信息,尤其是年龄、时间、数量等数字信息进行加工,但此类试题的重点不在于计算,而在于考查考生对具体信息的处理能力,故试题设置的计算一般比较简单。
必备知识
考点一 考查数字计算题
【思维导图】
数字计算题
明确题干要求，锁定原文相关信息
利用加、减、乘、除等运算方法进行计算，确定答案
对相关信息和数字进行分析和理解
加减乘除法
直接考查
注意特殊信息
计算考查
特殊数字
特殊词汇
decade “十年”；fortnight “两周”；overnight “一夜”；double “两倍”；couple “两个”；dozen “十二”；score “二十”
for free/free of charge “免费”；off “减价”；discount “折扣”
关键能力
间接计算题一定要注意文章中隐藏的附加条件，这是造成计算失误的重要因素，所以在做应用文计算题时，一定要认真细致，避免简单题做错。
能力1 根据文章中的关键信息定位计算的依据，进而进行直接计算。
能力2 根据文章中的关键信息定位+隐含的附加条件进行计算，留心隐含附加条件是关键。
考点一 考查数字计算题
1. （2026·河南省湘豫联考）Global Impact of Green Public Transport Adoption
As of 2025, several countries have made significant steps in adopting and advancing green public transport systems and technological advancements. This change is reshaping urban mobility and contributing to reduced greenhouse gas emissions (排放) worldwide.
Country Performance on Various Transport
This table provides a comprehensive overview of how these countries perform in various aspects of green transport.
命题预测
考向1 直接计算题
Key statistics highlighting the progress in green public transport：
·In Europe, electric bus registrations saw a remarkable 53%growth in 2023,with 6,354 units registered across EU27 countries plus Norway, Iceland, and Switzerland.
考点一 考查数字计算题
命题预测
·Over 42% of city buses in Europe were zero-emission (battery electric and hydrogen) in 2023, a dramatic increase from just 15% in 2020.
·According to initial estimates, the EU’s share of renewable energy used for transport increased from under 2% in 2005 to 8.7% in 2022.
·Electric car registrations in Europe accounted for 21.6% of total new car registrations in 2022.
·The European Green Deal has set an ambitious target of achieving a 90% reduction in transport-related greenhouse gas emissions by 2050.
·Nearly 50.000 electric buses were sold globally in 2023, representing 3%of total bus sales and bringing the global storage to approximately 635,000 units.
·China continues to dominate the market, accounting for around 60% of global electric bus sales in 2023, although this is a decrease from previous years. These figures emphasize the rapid adoption of green public transport solutions, particularly in developed regions. However, challenges remain in increasing these initiatives globally, especially in developing countries where the demand for passenger transport is expected to increase by up to 79% between 2019 and 2050.
考点一 考查数字计算题
命题预测
The change to green public transport is not just about reducing emissions; it’s also improving air quality and public health. The shift to electric and other clean technologies is becoming increasingly crucial, with transport-related air pollution causing approximately 771.6 billion in health damages annually.
1．What’s the pure growth rate for zero-emission buses in Europe
A．42%. B．27%. C．11%. D．45%.
细节理解题。根据“Key statistics highlighting the progress in green public transport”部分中的“Over 42% of city buses in Europe were zero-emission (battery electric and hydrogen) in 2023,a dramatic increase from just 15% in 2020.(2023年，欧洲超过42%的城市公交车为零排放车型（纯电动和氢能源），相比2020年的仅15%大幅增长。)”可知，欧洲零排放公交车的纯增长率为42%减去15%，结果为27%。故选B。
B
考点一 考查数字计算题
2. （2026·江苏省盐城市七校联盟第二次联考）
命题预测
考向1 直接计算题
This device is “The Environmental Alternative For Safer pest Control”. Want to reduce the use of dangerous chemicals in your everyday life, around children, and food products The latest invention has made a major breakthrough. A U.S. Patent has been issued for this principle that uniquely uses the wiring (线路) in a home, restaurant, office, or any building with electric wiring within the walls.
The patented technology drives unwelcome mice and roaches (蟑螂) away without killing them — a humane way to get rid of pests. Riddex Plus is so safe; it’s listed with Underwriters Laboratories, the Environmental Protection Agency.
How does it work
Just plug the device into an outlet (插座) and this technology starts working by changing the normal field around your wiring, creating an environment that aids in the control of mice and roaches.
● Green Light — Indicates Riddex Plus is on.
● Red Light — Indicates if the cycle is on or off. The red light will shine for 3 minutes and turn off for 3 minutes. The cycle will continuously repeat as long as Riddex Plus is plugged in.
考点一 考查数字计算题
● Blue Light — Push the button on top to turn on/ off the night light. How quickly will I see results
The device has its maximum effectiveness within the first seven days.
Offer details:
Order Riddex Plus for only $29.95. And today, as part of our special offer, you’re lucky to receive a second Riddex Plus for FREE. Just pay the $8.95 to cover shipping.
2．How much should be paid to get two devices of Riddex Plus
A. $8.95. B. $29.95. C. $38.90. D. $59.90.
命题预测
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Order Riddex Plus for only $29.95. And today, as part of our special offer, you’re lucky to receive a second Riddex Plus for FREE. Just pay the $8.95 to cover shipping.(而且今天，作为我们特别优惠活动的一部分，您将有幸免费获得第二份 Riddex Plus。只需支付 8.95 美元即可支付运费。)”可知第二个免费，但要付8.95运输费，故答案为C。
C
考点一 考查数字计算题
命题预测
考向2 间接计算题
1.（2026·江西省南昌市东湖区南昌中学期中）Exploring Carlow by bike is one of the best ways to enjoy the scenery and travel in a sustainable way. Visitors can choose between traditional bike hire in the Barrow Valley and a modern E-Bike Programme in Carlow Town.
Graiguenamanagh Bike Hire
Located in the Barrow River Valley, Graiguenamanagh Bike Hire has been in operation for many years and is well known for its knowledge of the river towpath (河边纤道). It offers mountain bikes for the young and the old, so the whole family can enjoy a traffic-free greenway together. Better yet, helmets (头盔) are included for all riders. For nature lovers, its guided Ecology Bike Tours, with a small charge, also offer great insights into the plants, wildlife, and history of the River Barrow.
●Prices
考点一 考查数字计算题
Adult Child
Half Day ?10 ?5
1 Day ?15 ?7
Guests of Waterside Guesthouse (WG) enjoy a 20% discount.
命题预测
考点一 考查数字计算题
Carlow Town E-Bike Programme
For fast and easy travel in town, the Carlow E-Bike Programme provides 50 electric bikes at 40 locations, such as train stations, hotels, and shopping centers. The bikes are unlocked with the BOLT app, which links to the user’s card.
●Notes
Fee ?0.18 per minute
Availability 24/7 in Carlow Town
Speed Beginner mode: 15 km/h; Normal: 25 km/h
Rules Over 18 years old; Go-slow and no-go zones
Whether for a family day by the river or a quick ride across town, Carlow offers two excellent cycling choices. For added convenience, either can be booked online in advance.
命题预测
考点一 考查数字计算题
1．How much do a couple with one child staying at WG pay for a half-day rental
A．?15. B．?20. C．?25. D．?37.
细节理解题。根据“Prices”部分表格中的“Half Day(半天)”、“Adult ?10(成人?10)”、“Child ?5(儿童?5)”以及“ Guests of Waterside Guesthouse (WG) enjoy a 20% discount.(Waterside Guesthouse （WG）的客人享受20%的折扣。)”可知，半日租赁价格为成人?10/人，儿童?5/人，WG的客人享受20%的优惠；因此，住在WG的一对夫妇带一个孩子半日租赁的价钱为（?10×2+?5）×（1-20%）=?20。故选B。
这里Guests of Waterside Guesthouse (WG) enjoy a 20% discount.(Waterside Guesthouse （WG）的客人享受20%的折扣）是重要的隐含条件，是正确解题的关键。
B
命题预测
考向2 间接计算题
2. （2026·辽宁省沈阳市郊联体高三期中）Carbon Footprint calculator: Know Your Impact
考点一 考查数字计算题
A Carbon Footprint calculator is an online tool designed mainly to help individuals and families measure their impact on the environment. By entering simple information about your energy use, daily travel, and waste habits, it estimates the amount of greenhouse gases that you produce each year.
Why Use It
The main purpose of this tool is to raise awareness about how daily actions impact the planet. It shows the hidden effects of things we do every day, helping people understand their personal contribution to climate change. This awareness is an essential first step toward adopting a more eco-friendly lifestyle. In addition, the calculator offers personalized and practical tips to reduce your emissions (排放) — many of which can also help you save money.
How It Works
The calculator uses science and data that experts agree on. You type in your information, and it does the math for you. The system is designed to be simple and user-friendly, making it easy for anyone to use.
命题预测
考点一 考查数字计算题
How to Start
Getting started is straightforward. You only need basic information about your household, such as your average electricity and natural gas consumption, transportation methods, and waste disposal (处理) habits. To give you a clearer idea of common emission values, here is a table showing average yearly emissions per person (in lbs CO ):
Category Source Emissions (lbs CO )
House Electricity 3,500
Natural Gas 2,700
Transport One Car 10,800
Waste General 800
2. What are the total emissions for a two-person household with one car
A．15,900 lbs CO2. B．22,100 lbs CO2.
C．24,800 lbs CO2. D．19,400 lbs CO2.
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段提供的表格，以及问题中提到的“一个有车两人家庭”可知，这个家庭的年总排放量应为：两人住房的电力排放（3500×2=7000lbs CO ）+两人住房的天然气排放（2700×2=5400lbs CO ）+一辆车的运输排放（10800lbs CO ）+一般废物排放（800×2=1600lbs CO ）=24800lbs CO 。故选C项。
C
考点二 考查直接信息理解题
真题动向
1. （2025年全国二卷·阅读理解A21,23，5分）节选
English Market Towns to Visit in the UK
English market towns come in many shapes and sizes. Each has a personality shaped by the goods and services produced and traded for centuries. But each town has more to do than shop.
Hereford, Herefordshire
Hereford has remained a lively market town since 1189. Skirting the town square, you’ll find lovely shops, eateries, and the Black and White House Museum. The Hereford Cathedral is the most impressive building in town. It’s also home to an ancient library. One of the four original copies of the Magna Carta is displayed there.
Ludlow, Shropshire
Ludlow is known as the Foodie Center of England. Butcher shops, greengrocers, bakeries, and cheese shops line the town square. Bordering the square, the Ludlow Castle is a “must explore” medieval stronghold. The three-day Ludlow Food Festival is held each September.
考点二 考查直接信息理解题
真题动向
Shrewsbury, Shropshire
Getting to Shrewsbury Town Center from London is challenging but worth the anxiety. The River Severn has a significant turn through town, almost making an island of Shrewsbury Town Center. The shape creates a perfect market where goods could be shipped and received using the river as a highway. Flowers are everywhere-hanging baskets, window boxes, and planters-just what you imagine in an attractive English market town.
Mevagissey, Cornwall
Even if you haven’t been to the small fishing village Mevagissey, you’ve probably seen it in a movie or British TV show. The working harbor(港口) took shape in 1774. Fishermen go out to sea daily and sell their fish in harbor-side markets. Don’t leave the harbor without a traditional Comish pie. It’s delicious.
21. Where can you find an original copy of the Magna Carta
A. In the Ludlow Castle. B. In the Foodie Center of England.
C. In the Hereford Cathedral. D. In the Black and White House Museum.
C
考点二 考查直接信息理解题
真题动向
细节理解题。根据Hereford, Herefordshire部分中“The Hereford Cathedral is the most impressive building in town. It’s also home to an ancient library. One of the four original copies of the Magna Carta is displayed there. (赫里福德大教堂是镇上最令人印象深刻的建筑。它还拥有一座古老的图书馆，《大宪章》的四份原始副本之一便陈列于此)”可知，在赫里福德大教堂可以找到《大宪章》的原始副本。故选C项。
第一步：浏览题干，找到关键词。关键词: Where；the Magna Carta
第二步：根据关键词，定位信息。定位原文信息：根据文章第二段中的“The Hereford Cathedral is the most impressive building in town. It’s also home to an ancient library. One of the four original copies of the Magna Carta is displayed there.”可知，the Magna Carta在Hereford Cathedral 。
第三步：比对选项信息。选项C中的In the Hereford Cathedral.和文章中的相关内容。故选B。
考点二 考查直接信息理解题
真题动向
细节理解题。根据Mevagissey, Cornwall部分中“Don’t leave the harbor without a traditional Comish pie. It’s delicious. (离开港口前一定要尝尝传统的康沃尔馅饼。它很美味)”可知，作者建议游客在梅瓦吉西一定要尝尝康沃尔馅饼。故选A项。
第一步：浏览题干，找到关键词。关键词: Mevagissey；the Magna Carta
第二步：根据关键词，定位信息。定位原文信息：根据文章中的“Don’t leave the harbor without a traditional Comish pie. It’s delicious.(离开港口前一定要尝尝传统的康沃尔馅饼。它很美味)”可知，康沃尔馅饼很美味。
第三步：比对选项信息。选项A中的the Cornish pie和文章中的相关内容相同。故选A。
23. What does the author suggest visitors do in Mevagissey
A. Try the Cornish pie. B. Watch a British TV show.
C. Go fishing in the sea. D. Take pictures of the harbor.
A
命题预测
2. （2025年全国一卷·阅读理解B24，2.5分）节选
In my ninth-grade writing class last year, I met a cowboy who saved his town, a strict father who demanded his son earn straight A’s, and a modern-day Juliet who died of heartbreak after her parents rejected the love of her young life. More than once, I found myself wondering just how my students, who’d created these people, knew their subjects so well.
24. Who are the people mentioned at the beginning of paragraph 1
A. Ninth graders. B. Students’ parents.
C. Modern writers. D. Fictional characters.
考点二 考查直接信息理解题
做事实细节题最基本也最常用的方法是题干定位法。一般在原文中找到相关的句子，然后进行比较和分析，便可确定答案。
题干关键词the people mentioned。注意文章重点定位：文章中的ninth-grade writing class；created these people是关键，这说明在写作课上，所以的学生创作的人物形象。此处a cowboy；a strict father；a modern-day Juliet……
D
命题预测
考点二 考查直接信息理解题
细节理解题。根据第一段中“In my ninth-grade writing class last year, I met a cowboy who saved his town, a strict father who demanded his son earn straight A’s, and a modern-day Juliet who died of heartbreak after her parents rejected the love of her young life. More than once, I found myself wondering just how my students, who’d created these people, knew their subjects so well. (去年，在我九年级的写作课上，我结识了一位拯救了自己小镇的牛仔、一位要求儿子门门功课全得A的严厉父亲，还有一位现代版的朱丽叶——因父母反对她年少的爱情而心碎离世。不止一次，我暗自琢磨，这些塑造了这些人物的学生，究竟是如何如此深谙他们笔下的角色的)”可知，这里提到的牛仔、严厉的父亲和现代版的朱丽叶都是学生在写作中创造出来的虚构人物。故选D。
必备知识
考点二 考查直接信息理解题
细节理解题解题指导
1．解题步骤
在解答细节理解题时，考生可采取“关键词定位法”，即“带着问题找答案”。先从题干中提取关键词(题眼)，然后以此为线索，运用略读及寻读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此关键词相关的段落、语句，快速定位该题与哪一段、哪一句有关，然后仔细推敲，仔细比对所给选项与文中细节的细微区别，在准确理解细节的前提下，最后确定答案。
2．选项特征
(1)正确选项特征
原文原词 利用原文原词作为正确选项
同义替换 对原文句子中的关键词进行同义替换，如把lose one's job换成be out of work；有些细节理解题把原文中的一些词变换了词性，如把important变换成了of importance；改变原文中句子的语态，如主动语态与被动语态的转换
信息归纳 用精练的语言来概括原文中比较分散或复杂的信息，设置为正确答案
正话反说 把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项
必备知识
考点二 考查直接信息理解题
(2)干扰选项特征
张冠李戴 是原文信息，但不是题目要求的内容
无中生有 符合常识，但不是文章的内容
曲解文意 与原文的内容极其相似，只是在某个细节处有些变动
颠倒是非 在意思上与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反
正误参半 部分正确，部分错误
3.可用的常识性判断
(1) 出题顺序和行文顺序大体一致。
(2) 仅仅符合常识的不一定对，不符合常识的往往错。
(3) 同义替换往往是答案，过于绝对往往是错误选项，文章主旨一般都会传递正能量。
(4) 留意文中but/however、感叹号、问号、破折号、长难句等经常设题处。
命题预测
考点二 考查直接信息理解题
1. （2026·河南省湘豫名校联考）节选
“She was doomed (注定的) — no ship built by human hands could have withstood the pressure.”
When polar explorer Ernest Shackleton wrote this journal entry on October 27, 1915, his dreams of reaching Antarctica had been famously crushed — along with his ship, HMS Endurance.
Shackleton blamed the sinking of the Endurance on the destruction of its rudder (舵) and for more than a century, historians accepted this explanation. Now, an analysis suggests that structural weakness caused the Endurance to sink, and that Shackleton knew about his ship’s failings, but still, that wasn’t enough to stop him from buying it, according to Dr. Jukka Tuhkuri, a professor at Aalto University in Finland.
“I think that Endurance was the best possible ship he could get when he needed it and at a price he could afford,” Tuhkuri said.
A ship that became caught between pack ice, a type of free-floating ice — was at the mercy of the ice. If the crew was fortunate, winds or currents would eventually shift, the ice would loosen its control and the ship would break free. But if the crew were unlucky, the ice would squeeze their ship until it broke.
……
命题预测
1．细节理解题。根据第三段“Shackleton blamed the sinking of the Endurance on the destruction of its rudder (舵) and for more than a century, historians accepted this explanation. (沙克尔顿将“耐力号”的沉没归咎于船舵的损坏，一个多世纪以来，历史学家都认可这一解释)”可知，传统解释是船舵的损坏。故选C项。
2．细节理解题。根据第四段““I think that Endurance was the best possible ship he could get when he needed it and at a price he could afford,” Tuhkuri said. (Tuhkuri说：“我认为‘耐力号’是他在需要时能得到的、且价格能负担得起的最好的船。”)”可知，这是他当时能负担得起的最好的船。故选D项。
考点二 考查直接信息理解题
1．What was the traditional explanation for Endurance’s sinking
A．The captain’s wrong decisions. B．Structural weakness of the ship.
C．Destruction of the ship’s rudder. D．Poor quality of building materials.
2．Why did Shackleton buy Endurance with a fault
A．It was recommended by his friends. B．He planned to rebuild it completely.
C．He didn’t believe the ship would encounter ice. D．It was the best ship he could afford at that time.
C
D
命题预测
考点二 考查直接信息理解题
（2026·江苏省盐城市五校联盟联考）
Last month, Jasmin Paris won a moment of fame after completing the Barkley Marathons, a race so hard that only 19 men have managed to finish in the past 35 years. Paris is the first woman to complete the race. But it is not Paris’s first brush with greatness.
Five years ago, she won the Spine Race: 268 miles along the Pennine Way in January. As the mother of a breastfeeding daughter, Paris had the additional disadvantage of having to express milk at rest stops, but she nevertheless beat both the Spine Race record and the men trying to keep pace with her. Her nearest challenger, Eugeni Roselló Solé, had to be rescued four miles from the finish line. The eventual winner of the men’s race, Eoin Keith, was about 50 miles behind Paris when she crossed the finish line.……
命题预测
考点二 考查直接信息理解题
What additional challenge did Jasmin Paris face during the Spine Race
A．She had to take care of her sick daughter.
B．She needed to express milk at rest stops.
C．She was far behind other male runners at first.
D．She got injured four miles from the finish line.
细节理解题。根据第二段“As the mother of a breastfeeding daughter, Paris had the additional disadvantage of having to express milk at rest stops. (作为一个正在哺乳的女儿的母亲，巴黎还有一个额外的劣势，那就是不得不在休息站挤奶。)”可知，Jasmin Paris在脊柱比赛中面临的额外挑战是她需要在休息站挤奶。故选B。
B
命题预测
考点二 考查直接信息理解题
3. （2026·福建省福州六校联考）
The whistle blew, and the celebration erupted. Tears streamed down Kevin’s face as he watched his teammates lifted the state championship trophy (奖杯) — a moment he had dreamed of, yet experienced from the sideline, his right eye covered by a protective shield.
Months earlier, Kevin was a promising center, a key to his team’s title hopes. Then, during a practice, an accident severely injured his eye. The diagnosis was a huge blow: a detached retina (视网膜脱落). Surgery could save his sight, but his season was over. “It felt like my identity was ripped away,” he said later.
Consumed by frustration, he initially distanced himself. But a conversation with his coach changed his perspective. “You see the game in a way others don’t,” the coach said. “We still need that.” Thus, Kevin embarked on an unexpected path. While his body healed, his mind went to work. He became the team’s chief video analyst and game advisor, identifying opponents’ weaknesses and suggesting adjustments.……
命题预测
考点二 考查直接信息理解题
What was the main change in Kevin’s role on the team after his injury
A．From a leader to a supporter.
B．From a starter to a bench player.
C．From a player to a strategy analyst.
D．From a player to a team motivator.
细节理解题。根据第三段“He became the team’s chief video analyst and game advisor, identifying opponents’ weaknesses and suggesting adjustments.(他成为了球队的首席视频分析员和比赛顾问，能够找出对手的弱点并提出相应的调整建议)”可知，凯文受伤后从球员变成了策略分析师。故选C。
C
考点三 考查间接信息理解题
真题动向
1. （2025年全国一卷·阅读理解D 33，2.5分）节选
Crucially, this process relies on the water containing enough calcium carbonate (碳酸钙) to trap the plastics. In the study, boiling hard water containing 300 milligrams of calcium carbonate led to an almost 90 percent drop in plastics. But in samples with less than 60 milligrams of calcium carbonate, boiling reduced the level of plastics by just 25 percent. Additionally, the research didn’t include all types of plastics. The team focused only on three common types — polystyrene, polyethylene and polypropylene — and they didn’t study other chemicals previously found in water such as vinyl chloride.
What determines the effectiveness of trapping microplastics in water
A. The hardness of water. B. The length of cooling time.
C The frequency of filtering. D. The type of plastic in water.
本题是一个典型的跨学科综合在阅读理解中的体现，是未来高考命题的方向，本题除了理解文章中的定位内容外还要有一些化学的常识，水的硬度取决于碳酸钙的含量。
A
考点三 考查间接信息理解题
真题动向
文章以关于减少自来水中微塑料污染的新研究为命题情境，培养学生的环境保护意识和科研精神，进一步落实了国家发展科学技术、注重理工的重要方向。
本题命题人在命题的过程中，将跨学科综合落实到语篇阅读信息中。
考查考生从科普类文章中获取信息的能力，体现了国家重视科技的重要思想。
新情境
新考法
新角度
细节理解题。根据第三段的“Crucially, this process relies on the water containing enough calcium carbonate (碳酸钙) to trap the plastics. In the study, boiling hard water containing 300 milligrams of calcium carbonate led to an almost 90 percent drop in plastics. But in samples with less than 60 milligrams of calcium carbonate, boiling reduced the level of plastics by just 25 percent.( 至关重要的是，这一过程依赖于含有足够碳酸钙的水来捕获塑料。在这项研究中，将含有300毫克碳酸钙的硬水煮沸后，塑料含量下降了近90%。但在碳酸钙含量低于60毫克的样品中，煮沸只降低了25%的塑料含量。)”可知，决定在水中捕获微塑料的有效性的事水的硬度。故选A。
考点三 考查间接信息理解题
真题动向
2. （2025年全国一卷·阅读理解C 28，2.5分）节选
While safety improvements might have been made to our streets in recent years, transport studies also show declines in pedestrian (行人) mobility, especially among young children. Many parents say there’s too much traffic on the roads for their children to walk safely to school, so they pack them into the car instead.
What phenomenon does the author point out in paragraph 1
A. Cars often get stuck on the road.
B. Traffic accidents occur frequently.
C. People walk less and drive more.
D. Pedestrians fail to follow the rules.
C
考点三 考查间接信息理解题
真题动向
做事实细节题最基本也最常用的方法是题干定位法。一般在原文中找到相关的句子，然后进行比较和分析，便可确定答案。
题干关键词phenomenon；the author point out。注意文章内容定位和选项之间的同义句转换。文章中的declines in pedestrian (行人) mobility--walk less；too much traffic--drive more找到并理解了这些同义表达，正确答案就水落石出。
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“While safety improvements might have been made to our streets in recent years, transport studies also show declines in pedestrian (行人) mobility, especially among young children. Many parents say there’s too much traffic on the roads for their children to walk safely to school, so they pack them into the car instead. (虽然近年来我们的街道可能已经改善了安全性，但交通研究也表明行人的流动性下降，尤其是年轻儿童。许多家长说，路上的交通太拥挤，他们的孩子无法安全步行上学，所以他们把孩子塞进车里)”可知，作者指出的现象是人们步行减少、开车增多。故选C。
考点三 考查间接信息理解题
真题动向
3. （2025年全国二卷·阅读理解C 28，29，5分）节选
When Sonja Detrinidad opened her online shop selling houseplants, she didn’t have high hopes for it. But the opposite happened: She was flooded, shipping out 1,200 orders in June of 2020 alone. In the past year, Detrinidad sent out more than 70,000 plants. Her success is just one example of increased time at home leading to an explosion in the houseplant industry.
“Plants are in fashion right now,” says Dr. Melinda Knuth, a researcher from the University of Florida. “People who live in plant-rich environments report a higher life satisfaction rating, ” she says. “Adding more nature to our environment can change our mood and how we think.” Plants can improve our state of mind in a few ways but the biggest is by decreasing our level of cortisol, the stress hormone (激素) in our body.
“Students who are around plants perform better academically than students who are in a classroom without plants,” says Knuth. “This productivity also translates into the workplace for adults. Our study showed that there was a 30% decrease in sick leave for people who were in plant-rich workplaces.
How was Detrinidad’s business when it started
A. It faced tough competition. B. It suffered a great loss.
C. It got lots of financial support. D. It went surprisingly well.
考点三 考查间接信息理解题
真题动向
D
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“When Sonja Detrinidad opened her online shop selling houseplants, she didn’t have high hopes for it. But the opposite happened: She was flooded, shipping out 1,200 orders in June of 2020 alone. (当Sonja Detrinidad开设她的网店售卖室内植物时，她并没有抱太大的期望。但结果却恰恰相反：订单如潮水般涌来，仅在2020年6月就寄出了1200份订单)”可知，Sonja Detrinidad刚开始开网店卖室内植物时，并没有抱太大希望，但实际情况是订单很多，生意出奇地好。故选D。
本题中文章定位中的But是一个重要的信息词，这个转折意思提供了充足的解题信息，didn’t have high hopes for it. But the opposite happened。说明生意很好。做阅读理解是一定要注意文章中的转折连词。
What is one of Knuth’s findings about plants
A. They appeal more to students. B. They purify the environment.
C. They raise the cortisol level. D. They enhance productivity.
考点三 考查间接信息理解题
真题动向
D
细节理解题。根据第三段中的““Students who are around plants perform better academically than students who are in a classroom without plants,” says Knuth. “This productivity also translates into the workplace for adults. Our study showed that there was a 30% decrease in sick leave for people who were in plant-rich workplaces.”(Knuth表示：“身处植物周围的学生，其学业表现比在没有植物的教室里的学生更出色。这种效率提升同样适用于成年人的工作场合。我们的研究显示，在植物丰富的工作环境中，人们的病假率降低了 30%。”)”可知，Knuth的研究发现，接触植物的学生学业表现更好，成年人在植物丰富的工作环境中生产率提高，病假率降低，因此，“植物能提升生产率”是她的发现之一。故选D。
必备知识
考点三 考查间接信息理解题
间接信息题解题指导
间接信息题常出现在各种文体中，会涉及各个方面的内容。解此类试题常用“同义表达”法。
该类题的特点是试题题干或选项中的关键词语通常使用同义词或近义词甚至反义词来替换文中的相关细节信息,例如,使用conduct对文中的carry out进行同义转换,用finally对文中的eventual进行同义转换。
间接细节理解题的解题关键：
信息题的核心关键是识别同义句表达。目前高考中直接读出答案的细节理解题占的比重越来越少，很多情况下是对文章命题出处语句的不同程度的改写，因此，要想准确定位就要识别同义句表达。
最常用的方法是：1.采用同义词改写选项或题干；2.用反义词改写选项或题干，采用正话反说的方式；3.采用相关句式改写。
改写类别：1.改写阅读理解的题干。把题干中的关键词通常采用同义词的手段改写为同义句，这时，我们要找到文章中的同义词进行定位。
2.改写阅读理解中的选项。阅读理解问题中的选项很大程度上不是文章定位中的原句，大多采用了同义句表达的形式。识别选项中与原文定位中的同义句是选出正确答案的关键。
必备知识
考点三 考查间接信息理解题
解题思路
命题预测
1. （2026·江苏省盐城市五校联盟联考）
From lively, historic cities to peaceful areas of outstanding natural beauty, the UK is an incredibly diverse destination for travelers. Here are three of the best places to visit.
Norwich, Norfolk
With 31 surviving medieval churches and streets lined with fantastic buildings dating back to the 12th century, Norwich is an easily overlooked historical treasure. Its pubs are among the best in England, with the delightful Adam and Eve dating back to 1249. With an annual arts festival taking place every May, its modern cultural offering makes it far more than a museum piece.
The Somerset Levels
The atmospheric Somerset Levels are unlike anywhere else in the UK.Their flatlands and disused canals offer foggy views of hills, while their watery habitat makes them a great place for birds, with Ham Wall Nature Reserve serving as a crucial habitat.
Hadrian’s Wall, Northumberland
考点三 考查间接信息理解题
命题预测
The one-time northern frontier of the Roman Empire, Hadrian’s Wall is arguably the greatest historical monument (历史遗迹) in a country blessed with castles, churches and spectacular ruins. Hadrian’s Wall stretches from one side of England to the other. Its central section is the most attractive, with the wall rising and falling across steep hills. Those with more time can follow the 135-kilometer national trail, taking in the wall from Newcastle to the Solway Firth.
1．What makes Norwich a living cultural destination
A．Its tropical appearance. B．Its historical churches.
C．Its annual arts festival. D．Its delightful pubs.
2．Who is likely to be interested in the Somerset Levels
A．Climbers. B．Surfers. C．Bike riders. D．Bird watchers.
D
C
考点三 考查间接信息理解题
命题预测
2．细节理解题。根据The Somerset Levels部分的“Their flatlands and disused canals offer foggy views of hills, while their watery habitat makes them a great place for birds, with Ham Wall Nature Reserve serving as a crucial habitat.(它们的平原地区和废弃的运河呈现出一片朦胧的山景景象，与此同时这里的水乡栖息地使其成为鸟类的绝佳栖息之地，而哈姆沃尔自然保护区更是其中至关重要的一处鸟类栖息地。)”可知，萨默塞特平原吸引着众多观鸟者。故选D。
1．细节理解题。根据Norwich，Norfolk部分的“With an annual arts festival taking place every May, its modern cultural offering makes it far more than a museum piece.( 每年五月举办的艺术节，让这座城市的现代文化魅力得以展现，使其远不止是一个“活化石”般的历史景点。)”可知，诺里奇之所以成为一个活生生的文化目的地，是因为它每年举办的艺术节。故选C。
考点三 考查间接信息理解题
命题预测
考点三 考查间接信息理解题
2.（2026·江苏省四市十校联考）
……
Our boys played remarkably well and reached the semifinals. And that was when the real game started. Students, parents, and teachers from Colombo schools joined forces against us, saying they wouldn’t allow the cup to be taken out of Colombo. They considered it a shame to lose a match against boys from a rural village school, who couldn’t even speak English due to lack of staff and opportunities. Some Colombo students wore leaves and danced and sang Vedda songs to laugh at our boys. Even the referees (裁判) favoured the Colombo schools, resulting in our team being robbed of the victory they deserved.
……
What can be learned about the boys from paragraph 3
A．They deserved to lose the game. B．They lacked opportunities to practice.
C．They considered it a shame to lose the match. D．They suffered prejudice and unfair treatment.
D
命题预测
细节理解题。根据第三段中“They considered it a shame to lose a match against boys from a rural village school,who couldn’t even speak English due to lack of staff and opportunities. Some Colombo students wore leaves and danced and sang Vedda songs to laugh at our boys. Even the referees (裁判) favoured the Colombo schools, resulting in our team being robbed of the victory they deserved.( 他们认为输掉一场比赛是一种耻辱，因为他们来自一所农村学校，由于缺乏工作人员和机会，这些男孩甚至不会说英语。一些科伦坡学生戴着树叶，跳舞，唱着维达歌曲，嘲笑我们的男孩。甚至裁判也偏袒科伦坡学校，结果我们队被剥夺了他们应得的胜利)”可知，从第三段可以了解到他们遭受了偏见和不公平待遇。故选D项。
考点三 考查间接信息理解题
命题预测
考点三 考查间接信息理解题
3. （2026·江苏省四市十校联考）
Biologist E. O. Wilson once wrote that “ants are the most warlike of all animals”, noting that fight between ants colonies (群体) exceeded the human battles at Waterloo and Gettysburg. But sometimes ant colonies get defeated not by direct fighting, but by secrets and tricks. And the members of an ant colony can get tricked into killing their own precious queen.
……
What does the first paragraph intend to say
A．Ants are the most warlike animals.
B．Some ants attack foreign queens directly.
C．Ant battles are larger than some human battles.
D．Ant workers can be cheated into killing their queen.
D
命题预测
考点三 考查间接信息理解题
细节理解题。根据第一段“Biologist E. O. Wilson once wrote that “ants are the most warlike of all animals”, noting that fight between ants colonies (群体) exceeded the human battles at Waterloo and Gettysburg. But sometimes ant colonies get defeated not by direct fighting, but by secrets and tricks. And the members of an ant colony can get tricked into killing their own precious queen.(生物学家E. O. Wilson曾写道：“蚂蚁是所有动物中最好战的物种”，他指出，不同蚁群之间的争斗规模，远超人类历史上的滑铁卢战役和葛底斯堡战役。但有时，蚁群的覆灭并非源于正面厮杀，而是败在了阴谋诡计之下。蚁群中的成员甚至会被诱骗，亲手杀死自己宝贵的蚁后。)”可知，第一段想要说明工蚁会被欺骗杀死自己的蚁后。故选D。
本题文章定位中的get tricked into killing和选项中的be cheated into killing的同义表达，采用同义表达设置选项是阅读理解中常见的命题手段，考生解题时把握这个技巧能快速、准确解题。
考点一 考查数字计算题
考点二 考查直接信息理解题
考点三 考查间接信息理解题
析·考情精解
01
构·知能架构
02
破·考点攻坚
03
真题动向 考查图表的识别能力，在文字的辅助下获取图表信息并总结规律
必备知识 知识1 直接数字计算题的方法总结 知识2 间接数字计算题的方法总结
关键能力 能力1 根据文章中的关键信息定位计算的依据，进而进行直接计算。
能力2 根据文章中的关键信息定位+隐含的附加条件进行计算，留心隐含附加条件是关键。
命题预测 考向1 考查直接数字计算题 考向2 考查间接数字计算题
真题动向 在语篇情境中考查获取直接信息的能力
必备知识 知识 1．解题步骤2．选项特征3.可用的常识性判断
命题预测 考向 在具体语境中考查获取直接信息
真题动向 在语篇情境中考查获取间接信息的能力
必备知识 知识 间接信息题解题指导：间接细节理解题的解题关键 解题思路
命题预测 考向 在具体语境中考查获取间接信息
剖析考情动向 精研考点分布
析·考情精解
part one
01
析·考情精解
命题轨迹透视 从近三年高考试题来看，阅读理解以细节理解为主，题目难度适中偏易。命题趋势：在语篇中考查学生快速获取信息的能力，强化语言核心素养的培养。 考点频次总结 考点 2025年 2024年 2023年
细节理解题 2025年全国一卷·阅读理解A21、22、23；B24；C28；D33、35 2025年全国二卷·阅读理解A21、22、23；B24、25；C28、29；D33 2025年1月浙江卷·阅读理解A21、22、23；B26；C29；D33、34 2024年新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解A21、22、23；B24、25；C30；D32、 33、 34 2024年新高考II卷·阅读理解A21、22、23；B25、26、27；C28、29、30；D34 2024年1月浙江卷·阅读理解A21、22、23；B25、26、27；C28、29；D32、33、34
2023年新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解A21、23；B24、26；C28；D33
2023年新高考II卷·阅读理解A21、22、23；B24、25、27；C29；D32、35
2023年1月浙江卷·阅读理解A21、22、23；C30、31；D33、34
2026命题
预测 预计在2026年高考中，会以多种体裁和题材语篇为命题情景，考查考生获取信息的能力，阅读理解中的细节理解题是必考点。 构·知能架构
part two
02
搭建知识网络 整合能力体系
构·知能架构
细节理解题
直接信息题
数字计算题
间接信息题
题干关键词定位：找出题干的关键词，从文章相关语段中找对应的关键信息，进行对比即可找到答案。现在有些题，题干和选项都进行了同意表达，注意辨別。
对比总结找答案：题干和选项通常都进行了同意改写，识别同意句表达是关键，有时需要找到多个信息点，进行总结才能找到答案。例如：常见的找共同点的细节理解题。
依据计算条件算结果：数字计算题一定先从文章中找到计算数字结果的条件，按照条件进行简单计算即可找到答案。注意：文章中的某些隐含附加条件是出错的根源。
破·考点攻坚
part three
03
破解考点规律 攻克解题难关
考点一 考查数字计算题
真题动向
1. （2025年全国一卷·阅读理解21；2.5分）The greening of planes, trains and automobiles
Moving goods and people around the world is responsible for a large part of global CO2 emissions (排放). As the world races to decarbonize everything, it faces particular problems with transportation — which accounts for about a quarter of our energy-related greenhouse gas emissions. Here’s the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport.
The fuels for transport need to be not just green, cheap and powerful, but also lightweight and safe enough to be carried around. Each mode of transport has its specific fuel needs. Much is still to be settled, but here are some of the solutions to get us going green.
考点一 考查数字计算题
真题动向
This energy transition (变革) is global, and the amount of renewable energy the world will need is “a little bit mind-blowing,” says mechanical engineer Keith Wipke at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. It’s estimated that the global demand for electricity could more than double by 2050. Fortunately, analyses suggest that renewables are up to the task. “We need to speed up the development of green energy, and it will all get used,” says Wipke.
考点一 考查数字计算题
真题动向
1. What percentage of global transport emissions did road vehicles account for in 2018
A. 11.6%. B. 45.1%. C. 74.5%. D. 86.1%.
文章以2018年不同交通方式的温室气体排放占比，以及飞机、汽车等各类交通工具的未来绿色燃料路径为命题情境，培养学生的环境保护意识。
本题命题人打破传统的生活、旅游类应用文的考查角度，用科普应用文考查学习获取信息的能力。
考查考生从科普类应用文中获取信息的能力，体现了国家重视科技的重要思想。
新情境
新考法
新角度
C
＋
考点一 考查数字计算题
真题动向
2.（2025年1月浙江卷·阅读理解23；2.5分）
Interlibrary Loan (ILL) provides teachers, students and staff with access to books that are checked out or not owned by our own libraries, as well as digitized copies of articles and book chapters from our collection.
Who Can Borrow
Current students, teachers (including retired) and staff can request items through ILL. Interlibrary loan is not available to former students, guest borrowers or fee-card holders.
How Long Does It Take
Articles are usually received within 1-2 days and books in 5-10 days. However, obtaining items that are rare, recently published or in high demand may take longer. To speed up the process, please make sure the information you submit through the ILL Request Form is accurate.
Length of Loans
Loan periods are established by the lending library. All due dates are noted on the label. Borrowed items are subject to recall by the lending library. Any restrictions established by the lending library will be indicated on the label. No renewals (续借) are allowed for physical items borrowed through ILL.
考点一 考查数字计算题
真题动向
Notification/Delivery Options
For a physical item, you will be notified by email when it arrives. Items are picked up at one of our libraries—the one you selected in the ILL Request Form. For an article or book chapter, you will be notified by email when it is available. To obtain the article or chapter, click on the link provided in the email and log into your ILL account. Once in your account, select Electronic Articles Received.
Interlibrary Loan Fees
Library Type Loan Cost Article/Chapter Cost
Non-Profit Libraries $15 $10
For-Profit Libraries $20 $12
International Libraries $25 $15
考点一 考查数字计算题
真题动向
Library Type Loan Cost Article/Chapter Cost
Non-Profit Libraries $15 $10
For-Profit Libraries $20 $12
International Libraries $25 $15
2. How much do you pay for two articles obtained from an international library
A．$15. B．$20. C．$24. D．$30.
15 × 2 = 30
D
这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了图书馆间借阅服务的相关信息。根据表格中“International Libraries Article/ Chapter Cost $15 (国际图书馆 文章/章节费用 15美元)”可知，从国际图书馆获取两篇文章的费用是15×2=30美元。故选D。
考点一 考查数字计算题
真题动向
3.（2023·全国乙卷·阅读理解C 篇节选）
According to a new study from market analysts, 1 in 5 Britons say that watching cookery programmes on TV has encouraged them to try different food. Almost one third say they now use a wider variety of ingredients (配料) than they used to, and just under 1 in 4 say they now buy better quality ingredients than before. One in four adults say that TV chefs have made them much more confident about expanding their cookery knowledge and skills, and young people are also getting more interested in cooking. The UK’s obsession (痴迷) with food is reflected through television scheduling. Cookery shows and documentaries about food are broadcast more often than before. With an increasing number of male chefs on TV, it’s no longer “uncool” for boys to like cooking.
3. Which is the percentage of the people using more diverse ingredients now
A. 20%. B. 24%. C. 25%. D. 33%.
D
考点一 考查数字计算题
真题动向
细节理解题。根据三第段的“Almost one third say they now use a wider variety of ingredients (配料) than they used to, and just under 1 in 4 say they now buy better quality ingredients than before.”（几乎三分之一的人表示他们现在使用的配料比以前更多，将近四分之一的人表示他们现在购买的配料质量比以前更好。）可知，三分之一左右的人，也就是33%左右的人，使用的配料比以前更多。故选D项。
数字计算题最常用的方法是：
仔细理解题干中的信息要求；
从文章中定位计算需要的信息；
通过计算得出答案。
直接计算题
考点一 考查数字计算题
真题动向
4. (2024·新高考Ⅰ卷) Bike Rental & Guided Tours
Welcome to Amsterdam, welcome to MacBike. You see much more from the seat of a bike! Cycling is the most economical, sustainable and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and countless lights. You can also bike along lovely landscapes outside of Amsterdam.
Why MacBike
MacBike has been around for almost 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rental company in Amsterdam. With over 2,500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available for you. We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake(刹车), bikes with hand brake and gears(排挡), bikes with child seats, and children’s bikes.
Prices
Hand Brake, Three Gears Foot Brake, No Gears
1 hour ?7.50 ?5.00
3 hours ?11.00 ?7.50
1 day (24 hours) ?14.75 ?9.75
Each additional day ?8.00 ?6.00
考点一 考查数字计算题
真题动向
Guided City Tours
The 2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much more. The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day. You can buy your ticket in a MacBike shop or book online.
4. How much do you pay for renting a bike with hand brake and three gears for two days
A. ?15.75. B. ?19.50. C. ?22.75. D. ?29.50.
Hand Brake, Three Gears Foot Brake, No Gears
1 hour ?7.50 ?5.00
3 hours ?11.00 ?7.50
1 day (24 hours) ?14.75 ?9.75
Each additional day ?8.00 ?6.00
14.75 + 8 = 22.75
C
本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在阿姆斯特丹进行自行车租赁和雇佣导游的操作方式，价格等细节。根据定价表可知，租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车一天需要14.75欧元，额外增加天数每天8欧元。所以租一辆带手刹和三档的自行车两天需要14.75+8=22.75欧元。故选C。
考点一 考查数字计算题
真题动向
5.（2023·1月浙江卷·阅读理解A篇节选）
Explorers Camp
Full day camp for kids aged 5-13.
Monday-Friday, July 8-26, 9am-4pm.
Week 1 | July 8-12
Week 2 | July 15-19
Week 3 | July 22-26
Register for a single week or multiple weeks.
Fees: $365 per week.
The last day to cancel registration and receive a full refund (退款) is June 15.
Camp Structure
The day is divided into two thematic sessions per age group. Campers have a three-hour morning class engaging with a morning theme (9am to 12 noon) and a one-hour lunch break, followed by another three-hour class engaging with an afternoon theme (1pm to 4pm). Snack periods are held throughout the day. All campers should bring their own bagged lunch and snacks.
5. How many hours of class will you have altogether if you register for a single week
A．15. B．21. C．30. D．42.
考点一 考查数字计算题
真题动向
C
细节理解题。根据“ Monday-Friday, July 8-26, 9am-4pm.( 7月8日至26日，星期一至星期五，上午9点至下午4点)”可知，每周安排5天的活动。根据Camp Structure部分中的“Campers have a three-hour morning class engaging with a morning theme (9am to 12 noon) and a one-hour lunch break, followed by another three-hour class engaging with an afternoon theme (1pm to 4pm).(露营者有一个三小时的上午课程（上午9点到中午12点）和一个小时的午休时间，然后是另一个三个小时的下午课程（下午1点到下午4点）)”可知，全天有6个小时的课程。5*6=30。由此可知，如果你注册一周，你总共有30小时的课程。故选C。
间接计算题一定要注意文章中隐藏的附加条件，这是造成计算失误的重要因素，所以在做应用文计算题时，一定要认真细致，避免简单题做错。
间接计算题
必备知识
考点一 考查数字计算题
知识点1 直接计算题
数字计算题一般会涉及时间、年龄、价钱、数量、距离等的简单计算。一般来说，计算量都比较小，容易计算。这类计算题从文中找到相关信息，直接进行相关的计算就可以得出答案。数字计算题最常用的解题方法：1.仔细理解题干中的信息要求；2.从文章中定位计算需要的信息；3.通过简单的计算得出答案。
知识点2 间接计算题
应用文文中的计算题有时需要考虑间接的隐含条件才能计算正确。这些“暗”信息会涉及附加条件以及对某个难句的理解，从这个角度上讲，理解文中相应的复杂句是解这类题的关键。数字计算题的话题有：1.广告类；2.故事类；3. 科普知识类；4.史地自然类；5.文化教育类。设问方式以when，in which year，how many/much等疑问词(组)开头引出问题。解此类试题常用“整合推算”法。
此类题要求考生对具体细节信息,尤其是年龄、时间、数量等数字信息进行加工,但此类试题的重点不在于计算,而在于考查考生对具体信息的处理能力,故试题设置的计算一般比较简单。
必备知识
考点一 考查数字计算题
【思维导图】
数字计算题
明确题干要求，锁定原文相关信息
利用加、减、乘、除等运算方法进行计算，确定答案
对相关信息和数字进行分析和理解
加减乘除法
直接考查
注意特殊信息
计算考查
特殊数字
特殊词汇
decade “十年”；fortnight “两周”；overnight “一夜”；double “两倍”；couple “两个”；dozen “十二”；score “二十”
for free/free of charge “免费”；off “减价”；discount “折扣”
关键能力
间接计算题一定要注意文章中隐藏的附加条件，这是造成计算失误的重要因素，所以在做应用文计算题时，一定要认真细致，避免简单题做错。
能力1 根据文章中的关键信息定位计算的依据，进而进行直接计算。
能力2 根据文章中的关键信息定位+隐含的附加条件进行计算，留心隐含附加条件是关键。
考点一 考查数字计算题
1. （2026·河南省湘豫联考）Global Impact of Green Public Transport Adoption
As of 2025, several countries have made significant steps in adopting and advancing green public transport systems and technological advancements. This change is reshaping urban mobility and contributing to reduced greenhouse gas emissions (排放) worldwide.
Country Performance on Various Transport
This table provides a comprehensive overview of how these countries perform in various aspects of green transport.
命题预测
考向1 直接计算题
Key statistics highlighting the progress in green public transport：
·In Europe, electric bus registrations saw a remarkable 53%growth in 2023,with 6,354 units registered across EU27 countries plus Norway, Iceland, and Switzerland.
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命题预测
·Over 42% of city buses in Europe were zero-emission (battery electric and hydrogen) in 2023, a dramatic increase from just 15% in 2020.
·According to initial estimates, the EU’s share of renewable energy used for transport increased from under 2% in 2005 to 8.7% in 2022.
·Electric car registrations in Europe accounted for 21.6% of total new car registrations in 2022.
·The European Green Deal has set an ambitious target of achieving a 90% reduction in transport-related greenhouse gas emissions by 2050.
·Nearly 50.000 electric buses were sold globally in 2023, representing 3%of total bus sales and bringing the global storage to approximately 635,000 units.
·China continues to dominate the market, accounting for around 60% of global electric bus sales in 2023, although this is a decrease from previous years. These figures emphasize the rapid adoption of green public transport solutions, particularly in developed regions. However, challenges remain in increasing these initiatives globally, especially in developing countries where the demand for passenger transport is expected to increase by up to 79% between 2019 and 2050.
考点一 考查数字计算题
命题预测
The change to green public transport is not just about reducing emissions; it’s also improving air quality and public health. The shift to electric and other clean technologies is becoming increasingly crucial, with transport-related air pollution causing approximately 771.6 billion in health damages annually.
1．What’s the pure growth rate for zero-emission buses in Europe
A．42%. B．27%. C．11%. D．45%.
细节理解题。根据“Key statistics highlighting the progress in green public transport”部分中的“Over 42% of city buses in Europe were zero-emission (battery electric and hydrogen) in 2023,a dramatic increase from just 15% in 2020.(2023年，欧洲超过42%的城市公交车为零排放车型（纯电动和氢能源），相比2020年的仅15%大幅增长。)”可知，欧洲零排放公交车的纯增长率为42%减去15%，结果为27%。故选B。
B
考点一 考查数字计算题
2. （2026·江苏省盐城市七校联盟第二次联考）
命题预测
考向1 直接计算题
This device is “The Environmental Alternative For Safer pest Control”. Want to reduce the use of dangerous chemicals in your everyday life, around children, and food products The latest invention has made a major breakthrough. A U.S. Patent has been issued for this principle that uniquely uses the wiring (线路) in a home, restaurant, office, or any building with electric wiring within the walls.
The patented technology drives unwelcome mice and roaches (蟑螂) away without killing them — a humane way to get rid of pests. Riddex Plus is so safe; it’s listed with Underwriters Laboratories, the Environmental Protection Agency.
How does it work
Just plug the device into an outlet (插座) and this technology starts working by changing the normal field around your wiring, creating an environment that aids in the control of mice and roaches.
● Green Light — Indicates Riddex Plus is on.
● Red Light — Indicates if the cycle is on or off. The red light will shine for 3 minutes and turn off for 3 minutes. The cycle will continuously repeat as long as Riddex Plus is plugged in.
考点一 考查数字计算题
● Blue Light — Push the button on top to turn on/ off the night light. How quickly will I see results
The device has its maximum effectiveness within the first seven days.
Offer details:
Order Riddex Plus for only $29.95. And today, as part of our special offer, you’re lucky to receive a second Riddex Plus for FREE. Just pay the $8.95 to cover shipping.
2．How much should be paid to get two devices of Riddex Plus
A. $8.95. B. $29.95. C. $38.90. D. $59.90.
命题预测
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Order Riddex Plus for only $29.95. And today, as part of our special offer, you’re lucky to receive a second Riddex Plus for FREE. Just pay the $8.95 to cover shipping.(而且今天，作为我们特别优惠活动的一部分，您将有幸免费获得第二份 Riddex Plus。只需支付 8.95 美元即可支付运费。)”可知第二个免费，但要付8.95运输费，故答案为C。
C
考点一 考查数字计算题
命题预测
考向2 间接计算题
1.（2026·江西省南昌市东湖区南昌中学期中）Exploring Carlow by bike is one of the best ways to enjoy the scenery and travel in a sustainable way. Visitors can choose between traditional bike hire in the Barrow Valley and a modern E-Bike Programme in Carlow Town.
Graiguenamanagh Bike Hire
Located in the Barrow River Valley, Graiguenamanagh Bike Hire has been in operation for many years and is well known for its knowledge of the river towpath (河边纤道). It offers mountain bikes for the young and the old, so the whole family can enjoy a traffic-free greenway together. Better yet, helmets (头盔) are included for all riders. For nature lovers, its guided Ecology Bike Tours, with a small charge, also offer great insights into the plants, wildlife, and history of the River Barrow.
●Prices
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Adult Child
Half Day ?10 ?5
1 Day ?15 ?7
Guests of Waterside Guesthouse (WG) enjoy a 20% discount.
命题预测
考点一 考查数字计算题
Carlow Town E-Bike Programme
For fast and easy travel in town, the Carlow E-Bike Programme provides 50 electric bikes at 40 locations, such as train stations, hotels, and shopping centers. The bikes are unlocked with the BOLT app, which links to the user’s card.
●Notes
Fee ?0.18 per minute
Availability 24/7 in Carlow Town
Speed Beginner mode: 15 km/h; Normal: 25 km/h
Rules Over 18 years old; Go-slow and no-go zones
Whether for a family day by the river or a quick ride across town, Carlow offers two excellent cycling choices. For added convenience, either can be booked online in advance.
命题预测
考点一 考查数字计算题
1．How much do a couple with one child staying at WG pay for a half-day rental
A．?15. B．?20. C．?25. D．?37.
细节理解题。根据“Prices”部分表格中的“Half Day(半天)”、“Adult ?10(成人?10)”、“Child ?5(儿童?5)”以及“ Guests of Waterside Guesthouse (WG) enjoy a 20% discount.(Waterside Guesthouse （WG）的客人享受20%的折扣。)”可知，半日租赁价格为成人?10/人，儿童?5/人，WG的客人享受20%的优惠；因此，住在WG的一对夫妇带一个孩子半日租赁的价钱为（?10×2+?5）×（1-20%）=?20。故选B。
这里Guests of Waterside Guesthouse (WG) enjoy a 20% discount.(Waterside Guesthouse （WG）的客人享受20%的折扣）是重要的隐含条件，是正确解题的关键。
B
命题预测
考向2 间接计算题
2. （2026·辽宁省沈阳市郊联体高三期中）Carbon Footprint calculator: Know Your Impact
考点一 考查数字计算题
A Carbon Footprint calculator is an online tool designed mainly to help individuals and families measure their impact on the environment. By entering simple information about your energy use, daily travel, and waste habits, it estimates the amount of greenhouse gases that you produce each year.
Why Use It
The main purpose of this tool is to raise awareness about how daily actions impact the planet. It shows the hidden effects of things we do every day, helping people understand their personal contribution to climate change. This awareness is an essential first step toward adopting a more eco-friendly lifestyle. In addition, the calculator offers personalized and practical tips to reduce your emissions (排放) — many of which can also help you save money.
How It Works
The calculator uses science and data that experts agree on. You type in your information, and it does the math for you. The system is designed to be simple and user-friendly, making it easy for anyone to use.
命题预测
考点一 考查数字计算题
How to Start
Getting started is straightforward. You only need basic information about your household, such as your average electricity and natural gas consumption, transportation methods, and waste disposal (处理) habits. To give you a clearer idea of common emission values, here is a table showing average yearly emissions per person (in lbs CO ):
Category Source Emissions (lbs CO )
House Electricity 3,500
Natural Gas 2,700
Transport One Car 10,800
Waste General 800
2. What are the total emissions for a two-person household with one car
A．15,900 lbs CO2. B．22,100 lbs CO2.
C．24,800 lbs CO2. D．19,400 lbs CO2.
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段提供的表格，以及问题中提到的“一个有车两人家庭”可知，这个家庭的年总排放量应为：两人住房的电力排放（3500×2=7000lbs CO ）+两人住房的天然气排放（2700×2=5400lbs CO ）+一辆车的运输排放（10800lbs CO ）+一般废物排放（800×2=1600lbs CO ）=24800lbs CO 。故选C项。
C
考点二 考查直接信息理解题
真题动向
1. （2025年全国二卷·阅读理解A21,23，5分）节选
English Market Towns to Visit in the UK
English market towns come in many shapes and sizes. Each has a personality shaped by the goods and services produced and traded for centuries. But each town has more to do than shop.
Hereford, Herefordshire
Hereford has remained a lively market town since 1189. Skirting the town square, you’ll find lovely shops, eateries, and the Black and White House Museum. The Hereford Cathedral is the most impressive building in town. It’s also home to an ancient library. One of the four original copies of the Magna Carta is displayed there.
Ludlow, Shropshire
Ludlow is known as the Foodie Center of England. Butcher shops, greengrocers, bakeries, and cheese shops line the town square. Bordering the square, the Ludlow Castle is a “must explore” medieval stronghold. The three-day Ludlow Food Festival is held each September.
考点二 考查直接信息理解题
真题动向
Shrewsbury, Shropshire
Getting to Shrewsbury Town Center from London is challenging but worth the anxiety. The River Severn has a significant turn through town, almost making an island of Shrewsbury Town Center. The shape creates a perfect market where goods could be shipped and received using the river as a highway. Flowers are everywhere-hanging baskets, window boxes, and planters-just what you imagine in an attractive English market town.
Mevagissey, Cornwall
Even if you haven’t been to the small fishing village Mevagissey, you’ve probably seen it in a movie or British TV show. The working harbor(港口) took shape in 1774. Fishermen go out to sea daily and sell their fish in harbor-side markets. Don’t leave the harbor without a traditional Comish pie. It’s delicious.
21. Where can you find an original copy of the Magna Carta
A. In the Ludlow Castle. B. In the Foodie Center of England.
C. In the Hereford Cathedral. D. In the Black and White House Museum.
C
考点二 考查直接信息理解题
真题动向
细节理解题。根据Hereford, Herefordshire部分中“The Hereford Cathedral is the most impressive building in town. It’s also home to an ancient library. One of the four original copies of the Magna Carta is displayed there. (赫里福德大教堂是镇上最令人印象深刻的建筑。它还拥有一座古老的图书馆，《大宪章》的四份原始副本之一便陈列于此)”可知，在赫里福德大教堂可以找到《大宪章》的原始副本。故选C项。
第一步：浏览题干，找到关键词。关键词: Where；the Magna Carta
第二步：根据关键词，定位信息。定位原文信息：根据文章第二段中的“The Hereford Cathedral is the most impressive building in town. It’s also home to an ancient library. One of the four original copies of the Magna Carta is displayed there.”可知，the Magna Carta在Hereford Cathedral 。
第三步：比对选项信息。选项C中的In the Hereford Cathedral.和文章中的相关内容。故选B。
考点二 考查直接信息理解题
真题动向
细节理解题。根据Mevagissey, Cornwall部分中“Don’t leave the harbor without a traditional Comish pie. It’s delicious. (离开港口前一定要尝尝传统的康沃尔馅饼。它很美味)”可知，作者建议游客在梅瓦吉西一定要尝尝康沃尔馅饼。故选A项。
第一步：浏览题干，找到关键词。关键词: Mevagissey；the Magna Carta
第二步：根据关键词，定位信息。定位原文信息：根据文章中的“Don’t leave the harbor without a traditional Comish pie. It’s delicious.(离开港口前一定要尝尝传统的康沃尔馅饼。它很美味)”可知，康沃尔馅饼很美味。
第三步：比对选项信息。选项A中的the Cornish pie和文章中的相关内容相同。故选A。
23. What does the author suggest visitors do in Mevagissey
A. Try the Cornish pie. B. Watch a British TV show.
C. Go fishing in the sea. D. Take pictures of the harbor.
A
命题预测
2. （2025年全国一卷·阅读理解B24，2.5分）节选
In my ninth-grade writing class last year, I met a cowboy who saved his town, a strict father who demanded his son earn straight A’s, and a modern-day Juliet who died of heartbreak after her parents rejected the love of her young life. More than once, I found myself wondering just how my students, who’d created these people, knew their subjects so well.
24. Who are the people mentioned at the beginning of paragraph 1
A. Ninth graders. B. Students’ parents.
C. Modern writers. D. Fictional characters.
考点二 考查直接信息理解题
做事实细节题最基本也最常用的方法是题干定位法。一般在原文中找到相关的句子，然后进行比较和分析，便可确定答案。
题干关键词the people mentioned。注意文章重点定位：文章中的ninth-grade writing class；created these people是关键，这说明在写作课上，所以的学生创作的人物形象。此处a cowboy；a strict father；a modern-day Juliet……
D
命题预测
考点二 考查直接信息理解题
细节理解题。根据第一段中“In my ninth-grade writing class last year, I met a cowboy who saved his town, a strict father who demanded his son earn straight A’s, and a modern-day Juliet who died of heartbreak after her parents rejected the love of her young life. More than once, I found myself wondering just how my students, who’d created these people, knew their subjects so well. (去年，在我九年级的写作课上，我结识了一位拯救了自己小镇的牛仔、一位要求儿子门门功课全得A的严厉父亲，还有一位现代版的朱丽叶——因父母反对她年少的爱情而心碎离世。不止一次，我暗自琢磨，这些塑造了这些人物的学生，究竟是如何如此深谙他们笔下的角色的)”可知，这里提到的牛仔、严厉的父亲和现代版的朱丽叶都是学生在写作中创造出来的虚构人物。故选D。
必备知识
考点二 考查直接信息理解题
细节理解题解题指导
1．解题步骤
在解答细节理解题时，考生可采取“关键词定位法”，即“带着问题找答案”。先从题干中提取关键词(题眼)，然后以此为线索，运用略读及寻读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此关键词相关的段落、语句，快速定位该题与哪一段、哪一句有关，然后仔细推敲，仔细比对所给选项与文中细节的细微区别，在准确理解细节的前提下，最后确定答案。
2．选项特征
(1)正确选项特征
原文原词 利用原文原词作为正确选项
同义替换 对原文句子中的关键词进行同义替换，如把lose one's job换成be out of work；有些细节理解题把原文中的一些词变换了词性，如把important变换成了of importance；改变原文中句子的语态，如主动语态与被动语态的转换
信息归纳 用精练的语言来概括原文中比较分散或复杂的信息，设置为正确答案
正话反说 把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项
必备知识
考点二 考查直接信息理解题
(2)干扰选项特征
张冠李戴 是原文信息，但不是题目要求的内容
无中生有 符合常识，但不是文章的内容
曲解文意 与原文的内容极其相似，只是在某个细节处有些变动
颠倒是非 在意思上与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反
正误参半 部分正确，部分错误
3.可用的常识性判断
(1) 出题顺序和行文顺序大体一致。
(2) 仅仅符合常识的不一定对，不符合常识的往往错。
(3) 同义替换往往是答案，过于绝对往往是错误选项，文章主旨一般都会传递正能量。
(4) 留意文中but/however、感叹号、问号、破折号、长难句等经常设题处。
命题预测
考点二 考查直接信息理解题
1. （2026·河南省湘豫名校联考）节选
“She was doomed (注定的) — no ship built by human hands could have withstood the pressure.”
When polar explorer Ernest Shackleton wrote this journal entry on October 27, 1915, his dreams of reaching Antarctica had been famously crushed — along with his ship, HMS Endurance.
Shackleton blamed the sinking of the Endurance on the destruction of its rudder (舵) and for more than a century, historians accepted this explanation. Now, an analysis suggests that structural weakness caused the Endurance to sink, and that Shackleton knew about his ship’s failings, but still, that wasn’t enough to stop him from buying it, according to Dr. Jukka Tuhkuri, a professor at Aalto University in Finland.
“I think that Endurance was the best possible ship he could get when he needed it and at a price he could afford,” Tuhkuri said.
A ship that became caught between pack ice, a type of free-floating ice — was at the mercy of the ice. If the crew was fortunate, winds or currents would eventually shift, the ice would loosen its control and the ship would break free. But if the crew were unlucky, the ice would squeeze their ship until it broke.
……
命题预测
1．细节理解题。根据第三段“Shackleton blamed the sinking of the Endurance on the destruction of its rudder (舵) and for more than a century, historians accepted this explanation. (沙克尔顿将“耐力号”的沉没归咎于船舵的损坏，一个多世纪以来，历史学家都认可这一解释)”可知，传统解释是船舵的损坏。故选C项。
2．细节理解题。根据第四段““I think that Endurance was the best possible ship he could get when he needed it and at a price he could afford,” Tuhkuri said. (Tuhkuri说：“我认为‘耐力号’是他在需要时能得到的、且价格能负担得起的最好的船。”)”可知，这是他当时能负担得起的最好的船。故选D项。
考点二 考查直接信息理解题
1．What was the traditional explanation for Endurance’s sinking
A．The captain’s wrong decisions. B．Structural weakness of the ship.
C．Destruction of the ship’s rudder. D．Poor quality of building materials.
2．Why did Shackleton buy Endurance with a fault
A．It was recommended by his friends. B．He planned to rebuild it completely.
C．He didn’t believe the ship would encounter ice. D．It was the best ship he could afford at that time.
C
D
命题预测
考点二 考查直接信息理解题
（2026·江苏省盐城市五校联盟联考）
Last month, Jasmin Paris won a moment of fame after completing the Barkley Marathons, a race so hard that only 19 men have managed to finish in the past 35 years. Paris is the first woman to complete the race. But it is not Paris’s first brush with greatness.
Five years ago, she won the Spine Race: 268 miles along the Pennine Way in January. As the mother of a breastfeeding daughter, Paris had the additional disadvantage of having to express milk at rest stops, but she nevertheless beat both the Spine Race record and the men trying to keep pace with her. Her nearest challenger, Eugeni Roselló Solé, had to be rescued four miles from the finish line. The eventual winner of the men’s race, Eoin Keith, was about 50 miles behind Paris when she crossed the finish line.……
命题预测
考点二 考查直接信息理解题
What additional challenge did Jasmin Paris face during the Spine Race
A．She had to take care of her sick daughter.
B．She needed to express milk at rest stops.
C．She was far behind other male runners at first.
D．She got injured four miles from the finish line.
细节理解题。根据第二段“As the mother of a breastfeeding daughter, Paris had the additional disadvantage of having to express milk at rest stops. (作为一个正在哺乳的女儿的母亲，巴黎还有一个额外的劣势，那就是不得不在休息站挤奶。)”可知，Jasmin Paris在脊柱比赛中面临的额外挑战是她需要在休息站挤奶。故选B。
B
命题预测
考点二 考查直接信息理解题
3. （2026·福建省福州六校联考）
The whistle blew, and the celebration erupted. Tears streamed down Kevin’s face as he watched his teammates lifted the state championship trophy (奖杯) — a moment he had dreamed of, yet experienced from the sideline, his right eye covered by a protective shield.
Months earlier, Kevin was a promising center, a key to his team’s title hopes. Then, during a practice, an accident severely injured his eye. The diagnosis was a huge blow: a detached retina (视网膜脱落). Surgery could save his sight, but his season was over. “It felt like my identity was ripped away,” he said later.
Consumed by frustration, he initially distanced himself. But a conversation with his coach changed his perspective. “You see the game in a way others don’t,” the coach said. “We still need that.” Thus, Kevin embarked on an unexpected path. While his body healed, his mind went to work. He became the team’s chief video analyst and game advisor, identifying opponents’ weaknesses and suggesting adjustments.……
命题预测
考点二 考查直接信息理解题
What was the main change in Kevin’s role on the team after his injury
A．From a leader to a supporter.
B．From a starter to a bench player.
C．From a player to a strategy analyst.
D．From a player to a team motivator.
细节理解题。根据第三段“He became the team’s chief video analyst and game advisor, identifying opponents’ weaknesses and suggesting adjustments.(他成为了球队的首席视频分析员和比赛顾问，能够找出对手的弱点并提出相应的调整建议)”可知，凯文受伤后从球员变成了策略分析师。故选C。
C
考点三 考查间接信息理解题
真题动向
1. （2025年全国一卷·阅读理解D 33，2.5分）节选
Crucially, this process relies on the water containing enough calcium carbonate (碳酸钙) to trap the plastics. In the study, boiling hard water containing 300 milligrams of calcium carbonate led to an almost 90 percent drop in plastics. But in samples with less than 60 milligrams of calcium carbonate, boiling reduced the level of plastics by just 25 percent. Additionally, the research didn’t include all types of plastics. The team focused only on three common types — polystyrene, polyethylene and polypropylene — and they didn’t study other chemicals previously found in water such as vinyl chloride.
What determines the effectiveness of trapping microplastics in water
A. The hardness of water. B. The length of cooling time.
C The frequency of filtering. D. The type of plastic in water.
本题是一个典型的跨学科综合在阅读理解中的体现，是未来高考命题的方向，本题除了理解文章中的定位内容外还要有一些化学的常识，水的硬度取决于碳酸钙的含量。
A
考点三 考查间接信息理解题
真题动向
文章以关于减少自来水中微塑料污染的新研究为命题情境，培养学生的环境保护意识和科研精神，进一步落实了国家发展科学技术、注重理工的重要方向。
本题命题人在命题的过程中，将跨学科综合落实到语篇阅读信息中。
考查考生从科普类文章中获取信息的能力，体现了国家重视科技的重要思想。
新情境
新考法
新角度
细节理解题。根据第三段的“Crucially, this process relies on the water containing enough calcium carbonate (碳酸钙) to trap the plastics. In the study, boiling hard water containing 300 milligrams of calcium carbonate led to an almost 90 percent drop in plastics. But in samples with less than 60 milligrams of calcium carbonate, boiling reduced the level of plastics by just 25 percent.( 至关重要的是，这一过程依赖于含有足够碳酸钙的水来捕获塑料。在这项研究中，将含有300毫克碳酸钙的硬水煮沸后，塑料含量下降了近90%。但在碳酸钙含量低于60毫克的样品中，煮沸只降低了25%的塑料含量。)”可知，决定在水中捕获微塑料的有效性的事水的硬度。故选A。
考点三 考查间接信息理解题
真题动向
2. （2025年全国一卷·阅读理解C 28，2.5分）节选
While safety improvements might have been made to our streets in recent years, transport studies also show declines in pedestrian (行人) mobility, especially among young children. Many parents say there’s too much traffic on the roads for their children to walk safely to school, so they pack them into the car instead.
What phenomenon does the author point out in paragraph 1
A. Cars often get stuck on the road.
B. Traffic accidents occur frequently.
C. People walk less and drive more.
D. Pedestrians fail to follow the rules.
C
考点三 考查间接信息理解题
真题动向
做事实细节题最基本也最常用的方法是题干定位法。一般在原文中找到相关的句子，然后进行比较和分析，便可确定答案。
题干关键词phenomenon；the author point out。注意文章内容定位和选项之间的同义句转换。文章中的declines in pedestrian (行人) mobility--walk less；too much traffic--drive more找到并理解了这些同义表达，正确答案就水落石出。
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“While safety improvements might have been made to our streets in recent years, transport studies also show declines in pedestrian (行人) mobility, especially among young children. Many parents say there’s too much traffic on the roads for their children to walk safely to school, so they pack them into the car instead. (虽然近年来我们的街道可能已经改善了安全性，但交通研究也表明行人的流动性下降，尤其是年轻儿童。许多家长说，路上的交通太拥挤，他们的孩子无法安全步行上学，所以他们把孩子塞进车里)”可知，作者指出的现象是人们步行减少、开车增多。故选C。
考点三 考查间接信息理解题
真题动向
3. （2025年全国二卷·阅读理解C 28，29，5分）节选
When Sonja Detrinidad opened her online shop selling houseplants, she didn’t have high hopes for it. But the opposite happened: She was flooded, shipping out 1,200 orders in June of 2020 alone. In the past year, Detrinidad sent out more than 70,000 plants. Her success is just one example of increased time at home leading to an explosion in the houseplant industry.
“Plants are in fashion right now,” says Dr. Melinda Knuth, a researcher from the University of Florida. “People who live in plant-rich environments report a higher life satisfaction rating, ” she says. “Adding more nature to our environment can change our mood and how we think.” Plants can improve our state of mind in a few ways but the biggest is by decreasing our level of cortisol, the stress hormone (激素) in our body.
“Students who are around plants perform better academically than students who are in a classroom without plants,” says Knuth. “This productivity also translates into the workplace for adults. Our study showed that there was a 30% decrease in sick leave for people who were in plant-rich workplaces.
How was Detrinidad’s business when it started
A. It faced tough competition. B. It suffered a great loss.
C. It got lots of financial support. D. It went surprisingly well.
考点三 考查间接信息理解题
真题动向
D
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“When Sonja Detrinidad opened her online shop selling houseplants, she didn’t have high hopes for it. But the opposite happened: She was flooded, shipping out 1,200 orders in June of 2020 alone. (当Sonja Detrinidad开设她的网店售卖室内植物时，她并没有抱太大的期望。但结果却恰恰相反：订单如潮水般涌来，仅在2020年6月就寄出了1200份订单)”可知，Sonja Detrinidad刚开始开网店卖室内植物时，并没有抱太大希望，但实际情况是订单很多，生意出奇地好。故选D。
本题中文章定位中的But是一个重要的信息词，这个转折意思提供了充足的解题信息，didn’t have high hopes for it. But the opposite happened。说明生意很好。做阅读理解是一定要注意文章中的转折连词。
What is one of Knuth’s findings about plants
A. They appeal more to students. B. They purify the environment.
C. They raise the cortisol level. D. They enhance productivity.
考点三 考查间接信息理解题
真题动向
D
细节理解题。根据第三段中的““Students who are around plants perform better academically than students who are in a classroom without plants,” says Knuth. “This productivity also translates into the workplace for adults. Our study showed that there was a 30% decrease in sick leave for people who were in plant-rich workplaces.”(Knuth表示：“身处植物周围的学生，其学业表现比在没有植物的教室里的学生更出色。这种效率提升同样适用于成年人的工作场合。我们的研究显示，在植物丰富的工作环境中，人们的病假率降低了 30%。”)”可知，Knuth的研究发现，接触植物的学生学业表现更好，成年人在植物丰富的工作环境中生产率提高，病假率降低，因此，“植物能提升生产率”是她的发现之一。故选D。
必备知识
考点三 考查间接信息理解题
间接信息题解题指导
间接信息题常出现在各种文体中，会涉及各个方面的内容。解此类试题常用“同义表达”法。
该类题的特点是试题题干或选项中的关键词语通常使用同义词或近义词甚至反义词来替换文中的相关细节信息,例如,使用conduct对文中的carry out进行同义转换,用finally对文中的eventual进行同义转换。
间接细节理解题的解题关键：
信息题的核心关键是识别同义句表达。目前高考中直接读出答案的细节理解题占的比重越来越少，很多情况下是对文章命题出处语句的不同程度的改写，因此，要想准确定位就要识别同义句表达。
最常用的方法是：1.采用同义词改写选项或题干；2.用反义词改写选项或题干，采用正话反说的方式；3.采用相关句式改写。
改写类别：1.改写阅读理解的题干。把题干中的关键词通常采用同义词的手段改写为同义句，这时，我们要找到文章中的同义词进行定位。
2.改写阅读理解中的选项。阅读理解问题中的选项很大程度上不是文章定位中的原句，大多采用了同义句表达的形式。识别选项中与原文定位中的同义句是选出正确答案的关键。
必备知识
考点三 考查间接信息理解题
解题思路
命题预测
1. （2026·江苏省盐城市五校联盟联考）
From lively, historic cities to peaceful areas of outstanding natural beauty, the UK is an incredibly diverse destination for travelers. Here are three of the best places to visit.
Norwich, Norfolk
With 31 surviving medieval churches and streets lined with fantastic buildings dating back to the 12th century, Norwich is an easily overlooked historical treasure. Its pubs are among the best in England, with the delightful Adam and Eve dating back to 1249. With an annual arts festival taking place every May, its modern cultural offering makes it far more than a museum piece.
The Somerset Levels
The atmospheric Somerset Levels are unlike anywhere else in the UK.Their flatlands and disused canals offer foggy views of hills, while their watery habitat makes them a great place for birds, with Ham Wall Nature Reserve serving as a crucial habitat.
Hadrian’s Wall, Northumberland
考点三 考查间接信息理解题
命题预测
The one-time northern frontier of the Roman Empire, Hadrian’s Wall is arguably the greatest historical monument (历史遗迹) in a country blessed with castles, churches and spectacular ruins. Hadrian’s Wall stretches from one side of England to the other. Its central section is the most attractive, with the wall rising and falling across steep hills. Those with more time can follow the 135-kilometer national trail, taking in the wall from Newcastle to the Solway Firth.
1．What makes Norwich a living cultural destination
A．Its tropical appearance. B．Its historical churches.
C．Its annual arts festival. D．Its delightful pubs.
2．Who is likely to be interested in the Somerset Levels
A．Climbers. B．Surfers. C．Bike riders. D．Bird watchers.
D
C
考点三 考查间接信息理解题
命题预测
2．细节理解题。根据The Somerset Levels部分的“Their flatlands and disused canals offer foggy views of hills, while their watery habitat makes them a great place for birds, with Ham Wall Nature Reserve serving as a crucial habitat.(它们的平原地区和废弃的运河呈现出一片朦胧的山景景象，与此同时这里的水乡栖息地使其成为鸟类的绝佳栖息之地，而哈姆沃尔自然保护区更是其中至关重要的一处鸟类栖息地。)”可知，萨默塞特平原吸引着众多观鸟者。故选D。
1．细节理解题。根据Norwich，Norfolk部分的“With an annual arts festival taking place every May, its modern cultural offering makes it far more than a museum piece.( 每年五月举办的艺术节，让这座城市的现代文化魅力得以展现，使其远不止是一个“活化石”般的历史景点。)”可知，诺里奇之所以成为一个活生生的文化目的地，是因为它每年举办的艺术节。故选C。
考点三 考查间接信息理解题
命题预测
考点三 考查间接信息理解题
2.（2026·江苏省四市十校联考）
……
Our boys played remarkably well and reached the semifinals. And that was when the real game started. Students, parents, and teachers from Colombo schools joined forces against us, saying they wouldn’t allow the cup to be taken out of Colombo. They considered it a shame to lose a match against boys from a rural village school, who couldn’t even speak English due to lack of staff and opportunities. Some Colombo students wore leaves and danced and sang Vedda songs to laugh at our boys. Even the referees (裁判) favoured the Colombo schools, resulting in our team being robbed of the victory they deserved.
……
What can be learned about the boys from paragraph 3
A．They deserved to lose the game. B．They lacked opportunities to practice.
C．They considered it a shame to lose the match. D．They suffered prejudice and unfair treatment.
D
命题预测
细节理解题。根据第三段中“They considered it a shame to lose a match against boys from a rural village school,who couldn’t even speak English due to lack of staff and opportunities. Some Colombo students wore leaves and danced and sang Vedda songs to laugh at our boys. Even the referees (裁判) favoured the Colombo schools, resulting in our team being robbed of the victory they deserved.( 他们认为输掉一场比赛是一种耻辱，因为他们来自一所农村学校，由于缺乏工作人员和机会，这些男孩甚至不会说英语。一些科伦坡学生戴着树叶，跳舞，唱着维达歌曲，嘲笑我们的男孩。甚至裁判也偏袒科伦坡学校，结果我们队被剥夺了他们应得的胜利)”可知，从第三段可以了解到他们遭受了偏见和不公平待遇。故选D项。
考点三 考查间接信息理解题
命题预测
考点三 考查间接信息理解题
3. （2026·江苏省四市十校联考）
Biologist E. O. Wilson once wrote that “ants are the most warlike of all animals”, noting that fight between ants colonies (群体) exceeded the human battles at Waterloo and Gettysburg. But sometimes ant colonies get defeated not by direct fighting, but by secrets and tricks. And the members of an ant colony can get tricked into killing their own precious queen.
……
What does the first paragraph intend to say
A．Ants are the most warlike animals.
B．Some ants attack foreign queens directly.
C．Ant battles are larger than some human battles.
D．Ant workers can be cheated into killing their queen.
D
命题预测
考点三 考查间接信息理解题
细节理解题。根据第一段“Biologist E. O. Wilson once wrote that “ants are the most warlike of all animals”, noting that fight between ants colonies (群体) exceeded the human battles at Waterloo and Gettysburg. But sometimes ant colonies get defeated not by direct fighting, but by secrets and tricks. And the members of an ant colony can get tricked into killing their own precious queen.(生物学家E. O. Wilson曾写道：“蚂蚁是所有动物中最好战的物种”，他指出，不同蚁群之间的争斗规模，远超人类历史上的滑铁卢战役和葛底斯堡战役。但有时，蚁群的覆灭并非源于正面厮杀，而是败在了阴谋诡计之下。蚁群中的成员甚至会被诱骗，亲手杀死自己宝贵的蚁后。)”可知，第一段想要说明工蚁会被欺骗杀死自己的蚁后。故选D。
本题文章定位中的get tricked into killing和选项中的be cheated into killing的同义表达，采用同义表达设置选项是阅读理解中常见的命题手段，考生解题时把握这个技巧能快速、准确解题。