Unit 1 Helping those in need
单词
elderly / eld li/ adj. 上了年纪的
offer / f (r)/ v. 主动提出
serious / s ri s/ adj. 严重的
disease /d zi z/ n. 病；疾病
cancer / k ns (r)/ n. 癌；癌症
spirits / sp r ts/ n. [pl. ]情绪；心境
pain /pe n/ n. 痛苦；苦恼
belong /b l / v. 适应；合得来
spare /spe (r)/ adj. 空闲的；空余的
volunteer / v l n t (r)/ v. 自愿做
joy /d / n. 高兴；愉快；喜悦
lose /lu z/ v. 丧失；失去
raise /re z/ v. 筹集
pound /pa nd/ n. 英镑
*structure / str kt (r)/ n. 结构
permission /p m n/ n. 准许；许可
arrange / re nd / v. 排列；布置
donate /d ne t/ v. 捐赠；赠送
mighty / ma ti/ adj. 巨大的；非凡的
pleasant / pleznt/ adj. 令人愉快的；宜人的
ease /i z/ v. 减轻；缓解
ache /e k/ v. 疼痛；隐痛
短语
voluntary work志愿工作
disabled people残疾人士
look after照料；照顾
suffer from 遭受；患……病
cheer somebody up （使）高兴起来
raise one's spirits 使某人振奋
in low spirits 情绪低落
in order to 目的是；为了
in need 在危难中；在穷困中的
flower arranging插花
tidy up 收拾；整理
in vain 枉费心机；徒劳无益
词性转换
1. elderly adj. 上了年纪的 → elder adj. 年龄较大的/ n. 长辈；元老
（elder sister 注意与older的区别）
2. offer v. 主动提出 【搭配】 ① offer to do 主动提出做某事
②offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. →拓展：provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb.
3. serious adj. 严重的 → seriously adv. 严肃地；严重地
4. disease n. 病；疾病（具体疾病） 例如：heart disease 心脏病
→ 拓展：illness n. 疾病(强调不适感受)
5. spirits n. [pl. ]情绪；心境 【搭配】①raise one's spirits 使某人振作
② in high spirits 情绪高涨 ③ in low spirits 情绪低落
6. pain n. 痛苦；苦恼 →painful adj. 痛苦的 → painfully adv. 痛苦地
→painless adj. 无痛的 【搭配】in pain 处于痛苦中
7. belong v. 适应；合得来 → belonging n. 所有物 【搭配】belong to 属于
8. spare adj. 空闲的；空余的/ v. 拿出（时间、金钱等） →拓展：free adj. 空闲的
【搭配】① in one’s spare / free time 在某人的空闲时间
② spare no effort to do sth 不遗余力地做某事
9. volunteer v. 自愿做 / n. 志愿者 → voluntary adj. 志愿的 【搭配】voluntary work志愿工作
【搭配】volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事
10. joy n. 高兴；愉快；喜悦 → joyful adj. 快乐的(近义词：happy、glad)
【搭配】to one's joy令某人高兴的是（相似用法：to one's surprise令某人惊讶的是）
11. lose v. 丧失；失去 → loss n. 失去，丧失 → loser n. 失败者 (反义词：winner)
过去式：lost 过去分词：lost 【搭配】get lost 迷路
12. raise v. （及物动词） 筹集; 举起;提高 【辨析】 rise v. (不及物动词) 升高，上升
【搭配】①raise money 筹集资金 ②raise one's spirits使某人振奋
13. structure n. 结构 / v. 系统安排；精心组织(arrange/organize) → structural adj. 结构的；建筑的
【搭配】 industrial structure产业结构
14. permission n. 许可 【搭配】①ask for permission 请求许可 ②without permission 未经许可
→ permit v.许可/ n.许可证【搭配】①permit sb. to do sth ② apply for a permit 申请许可证
过去式：permitted 过去分词：permitted 现在分词：permitting
15. arrange v. 排列；布置 → arrangement n. 安排 → arranger n. 安排者；编曲者
【搭配】arrange for 为……安排
16. donate v. 捐赠；赠送 → donation n. 捐赠 → donor n. 捐献者
17. mighty adj. 巨大的；非凡的 → might n. 强大力量；威力/ v. may的过去式
18. pleasant adj. 令人愉快的(物)；礼貌而友善的（人，同friendly）→ pleasantly adv.愉快地
→ unpleasant adj. 令人不快的;不礼貌的 → pleasure n. 快乐，乐事
19. ease v. 减轻;缓解 n. 容易;舒适 → easy adj. 容易的
【搭配】 ① with ease不费力地(easily) ② feel at ease 感到自在 (feel at home)
20. ache v. 疼痛；隐痛 →拓展：headache toothache backache stomach ache
21. disabled adj. 丧失能力的，有残疾的 →拓展： the disabled n. 残疾人(群体)
→ disability n. 残疾；无能 → ability n. 能力
→ able adj. 能够，有能力的 【搭配】be able to do sth. 有能力做某事 (= can do sth)
→ unable adj. 不能胜任的，不会的
look after照料；照顾 → 【近义词组】take care of= care for
suffer v. （因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等）受苦 → suffering n. 内心或肉体的痛苦，问题
cheer v. 欢呼，喝彩；鼓励 → cheerful adj. 高兴的
单词练习
My grandma is _________ (elder), but she still walks every morning. elderly
She offered _________ (help) me with my homework. to help
The teacher offered me some useful _________ (advice). advice
He spoke very _________ (serious) _________ the problem. seriously about
The accident was so _________ (serious) that many people were hurt. serious
He stayed at home because of a bad _________ (ill). illness
The good news raised our _________ (spirit). spirits
He cried in great _________ (pain). pain
Is your back still _________ (pain) painful
This school bag belongs _________ me. to
All his _________ (belong) were lost in the fire. belongings
He spared no effort _________ (finish) the work. to finish
Many students volunteer _________ (clean) the park. to clean
To my _________ (joyful), we won the match. joy
The children had a _________ (joyful) time at the party. joyful
He lost his wallet, so he had a big _________ (lose). loss
Don’t be a _________ (lose). Try again. loser
We are raising money _________ (help) the poor. to help
The sun _________ (rise) in the east every day. rises
The company changed its industrial _________ (structure). structure
You must ask for _________ (permit) before ___________(leave). permission leaving
He was not _________ (permit) to enter the room. permitted
They arranged _________ (meet) at the gate at 8 a. m. to meet
You can of course help by giving them a ___________(donate) directly. donation
He showed a _________ (mighty) power in the game. mighty
We had a very _________ (pleasantly) trip. pleasant
She smiled _________ (pleasant) at me. pleasantly
It’s my _________ (please) to help you. pleasure
This heavy bag is not easy _________ (carry). to carry
He finished the work with _________ (easy). ease
There is no _________ (ease) answer. easy
My tooth has been _________ (ache) since last night. aching
The old man is _________ (able) to walk without help. unable/ able
He looks after his little sister very _________ (good). well
The war brought much _________ (suffer). suffering
The teacher tried to _________ (cheer) the boy up. cheer
She is always _________ (cheer) and friendly. cheerful
We clean the classroom _________ order to keep it tidy. in
The old man is in _________ (need) of help. need
Please _________ (tidy) up your room now. tidy
The elderly man lives _________ (alone / lonely). alone
She offered me _________ umbrella. an
He made a _________ (decide) quickly. decision
The doctor tried to ease his _________ (painful). pain
He walked _________ (pain) after the accident. painfully
My father has two _________ (old) brothers. elder
She volunteered _________ (give) away books to children. to give
To our _________ (surprised), he passed the exam. surprise
The children were in high _________ (spirit). spirits
The teacher raised her voice _________ (make) herself heard. to make
Many warm-hearted _________ (donate) helped the poor. donors
He has great _________ (able) in math. ability
She was _________ (able) to come because of illness. unable
The news made everyone feel _________ (joy). joyful
The baby stopped crying and looked _________ (cheer). cheerful
The old man lives in a _________ (pleasant) village. pleasant
The _________ (elder) man needs more care. elderly
She felt at _________ (ease) with her classmates. ease
短语练习
_________ _________ (心脏病)is becoming more common now. Heart disease
I often read books_________ ________ ________ ________(在我的业余时间). in my spare time
She donated some money to _________ _________(残障人士) . the disabled /disabled people
All his efforts were _________ _________ (徒劳无功). in vain
The boy felt _________ _________ _________ _________ (归属感). a sense of belonging
You can’t take photos _________ _________ (未经允许). without permission
We should _______ _________ _________ ______ _________ (不遗余力地保护) the environment. spare no effort to protect
She was _______ _________ _________ (情绪低落) after the exam. in low spirits
They ______ ________(遭受) health problems and fear the long term effects of radiation. suffer from
I do some _______ _________ (志愿工作) at the local hospital. voluntary work
She is good at _________ ___________(插花). flower arranging
语法填空
Helping others is an important part of our life.
Last year, our school organized 1_______ activity to help the elderly in need. Some old people there were living in pain because 2_______ illness, and they were often in low spirits.
3_________ we arrived, we tried to cheer them up by 4__________(talk) and singing songs.
One volunteer said that this was 5_____________ (meaningful) experience he had ever had.
We helped look after the elderly and cleaned their rooms 6___________(careful).
To everyone’s 7______(joyful), an old man told us that it was one of his friends’ happiest days.
Before we left, our class had raised money for the elderly.
All the donations were used 8___________( help) them live better lives, and we felt proud of 9___________(we).
This activity 10 ___________(teach) us that helping people in need could truly raise our spirits.
an 2. of 3. When 4. talking 5. the most meaningful 6. carefully 7. joy 8. to help 9.ourselves 10.taught
语法知识讲解———动词不定式
动词不定式的构成：to+ do(动词原形)，否定式为not to do。
1. 作宾语。
(1)我们用to do(动词不定式)放在动词(如choose, hope, offer, want, decide, learn, plan, wish等)后面作宾语。
(2)我们也可以用疑问词(what/how/where/why/who等)+to do放在动词(如decide, know, learn, remember等)后面作宾语。
2. 作宾语补足语。
(1)我们用to do 放在宾语后面作宾语补足语： v.+ objects (宾语)+to do(宾补)。
(2)let/make/have sb.+ do(这三个动词接不带to的不定式作宾补)。
3.做目的状语。我们可以用to do 来表目的。
练习
单项选择
1. I don’t like traveling by boat, it always makes me ______sick.
A. to feel B. feeling C. feel D. felt【答案】C
2. The children decide ______ their school yard this Friday afternoon.
A. clean B. to clean C. cleaning D. cleaned【答案】B
3. The boy is ______ young _______carry the heavy bag.
A. too, to B. so, to C. so, that D. not, to【答案】A
4. Just before the Chinese class, I found that I forgot _______my Chinese textbook.
A. bring B. bringing C. and bring D. to bring【答案】D
5. We can _______robots _________ help us do housework.
A. use, for B. use, to C. used, for D. used, to【答案】B
6. She reached the top of the hill and stopped _______on a big rock by the side of the path.
A. to have rested B. resting C. to rest D. rest【答案】C
7. She lives _______ in the house, but she doesn’t feel______ at all.
A. lonely, alone B. lonely, lonely C. alone, alone D. alone, lonely【答案】D
8. I don’t know her. I forget the arrival time of her flight.
A. where to meet B. how to meet C. when I to meet D. when to meet【答案】D
9. The man from his seat and a difficult questions.
A. rose; raised B. raised; rose C. rises; to raise D. raises; to rise【答案】A
10. Many children from the developing countries can’t school.
A. join B. attend C. join in D. take part in【答案】B
11. They stopped ________, but there was no sound.
A. listen B. listening C. to listening D. to listen【答案】D
12. He advised me _______ a new computer.
A. to buy B. buy C. buying D. bought 【答案】A
13. Don’t make children _______ too much homework.
A. doing B. to do C. do D. did 【答案】C
14. I want to know _______.
when leave B. when to leave C. leave when D. to leave when【答案】B
15. They decided ______ to the cinema.
A. not to go B. to not go C. not going D. going not 【答案】A
综合练习
一、根据上句意思完成下句，使两句意思相近或相同，每空一词。
1. He was so angry that he couldn’t say anything. He was too angry _______ ______ anything.
2. I don’t know when we will have the meeting. I don’t know when _______ _______ the meeting.
3.He said he would write a letter. He said he would have a letter ______ _______.
4. That you read English in the morning is very important.
It is very important _____ you _____ _______ English in the morning.
5.He was so strong that he could lift the stone. （石头） He was strong ____ ____ _____ the stone.
6. His father went to Beijing for his holiday. His father went to Beijing ________ ______ his holiday.
7. They got up early so that they could get there in time.
They got up early _____ ______ _______ ______ there in time.
8. His brother decided that he would buy the book. His brother decided _____ _______ the book.
9. He hopes that he can visit the Great Wall. He hopes _____ _______ the Great Wall.
10.I saw him go into the room. He was seen _____ ______ into the room.
Keys：1. to say 2. to have 3. to write 4. for, to, read 5. enough, to lift 6. to spend 7. in, order, to, get 8. to buy 9. to visit 10. to go
二、完形填空
My 12-year-old daughter is smart, but she had never read a full book for pleasure. She read books for school, but getting her to do it was like ____1____. On her own, she only read a few comic books. None of these helped her develop the habit of deep reading—with both eyes on the page and ____2____ else going on.
I felt like I had failed as a ____3____. As a book lover, I had no trouble explaining the importance of reading, but failed to ____4____ the joy of it to my own child. I told her novels help her understand how people think. She ____5____ that social media could teach her the same thing. I said reading helps us understand ourselves. She replied, “No, thanks. I’ll just live.” I suggested filling her room with her favourite books, but she said, “Mama, welcome to your ____6____—it’s not mine.”
I couldn’t win our debates (辩论). Most of her arguments against reading didn’t seem ____7____ to me. Finally, I decided to give up my lectures and offered her $100 to finish reading Charlie and the Chocolate Factory in a month. She was really surprised and then said yes ____8____.
During an eight-day beach holiday, she finished the book before the seventh day. When we got home, she asked for another Roald Dahl book and finished it in two weeks—without asking for more ____9____.
Will this lead to her picking up more good books and a lifelong love of reading I don’t know. But I’ve opened a door to the printed page—a ____10____, personal place that I hope will serve her for a lifetime. That $100 feels like the best money I’ve ever spent.
1. A. closing eyes B. raising hands C. pulling teeth D. touching ears
2. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing
3. A. writer B. parent C. lover D. person
4. A. set off B. pass on C. show off D. hold on
5. A. argued B. accepted C. promised D. realized
6. A. home B. dream C. palace D. island
7. A. educational B. correct C. helpful D. wrong
8. A. sadly B. seriously C. happily D. patiently
9. A. help B. time C. money D. permission
10. A. quiet B. funny C. noisy D. hidden
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 4. B 5. A 6. A 7. D 8. C 9. C 10. A
三、阅读理解
A
A family of eight beavers (河狸) in the Czech Republic surprised the world by building a dam (堤坝) in just two days. The government had planned to build it in 2018 but never started. Their work saved taxpayers (纳税人) around $1.2 million.
But if you know anything about beavers, you may not find the news surprising. Beavers are known as top builders of nature. They use their strong teeth to cut down branches and build dams. They also use grass, rocks and mud to strengthen them. The animals seem to be born with the ability to build. Even young beavers help with the work. But why do they build dams
Beavers do this to stay safe. With fat bodies and short legs, beavers walk slowly. On land, they’re very easy to become meals of predators like bears and wolves. But in the water, beavers are nearly unbeatable. They are great swimmers and can hold their breath for 10 to 15 minutes. By building a dam, they create a deep pond, and that pond is their safety zone.
Beaver ponds aren’t just warm, comfortable and safe homes for these animals themselves. Beaver dams benefit the environment, too. The food and water in these wetlands can support a large number of animals and plants. In rainy seasons, the dams store water to stop floods. In dry seasons, the stored water helps keep rivers alive. Scientists found that these wetlands also help fight climate change by taking in carbon dioxide.
All this doesn’t mean beavers are perfect neighbours. Their dams sometimes flood roads and farms. And their tree-chewing habits can bring trouble to homeowners. But instead of driving them away, humans are now finding ways to live peacefully with these smart builders.
16. What can we learn from paragraph 1
A. Where the government chose to build the dam. B. Why the plan to build the dam didn’t start.
C. How many beavers built the dam in two days. D. When the beavers finished building the dam.
17. What does the underlined word “them” in paragraph 2 refer to
A. Dams. B. Roads. C. Branches. D. Ponds.
18. Why do beavers build dams according to the article
A. To provide meals for bears and wolves. B. To protect themselves from danger.
C. To save money for the government. D. To help slow down climate change.
19. What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A. Beavers are in danger on land. B. Beavers are facing challenges.
C. Beaver dams are helpful to nature. D. Beavers bring problems to people.
20. What is the best title for the passage
A. The Happy Life of B. A Free Way to Build Dams
C. People’s Perfect Neighbors D. Nature’s Smart Builders
【答案】16. C 17. A 18. B 19. C 20. D
B
Pu’er, a city in Yunnan, is famous for its tea, but did you know it’s also known as the coffee capital of China Coffee trees grow best in places with a warm, wet climate. Pu’er has long been a top coffee bean producer. The first coffee tree was planted by a Frenchman in 1892, and in 1988, Nestle brought modern coffee farming to the city. Today, coffee is a major industry (产业) there, and Pu’er is home to some of the best coffee beans in the country.
But Pu’er is not just about growing coffee beans. It’s also a place for coffee lovers to experience a complete coffee-making process. Hands-on activities cover everything from picking and roasting beans to brewing and tasting coffee. To achieve this, the city has built more than 20 high-end coffee manors (庄园).
At the Elephant Coffee Manor, for example, you can enjoy a cup of coffee while watching Asian elephants walk freely. Such a scene is not seen very often. “I love sitting here,” says Huang Daxiang, a coffee lover. “It seems like another planet.”
Visitors can also try their hand at picking coffee fruit, making coffee soap and more at other manors. It is said that coffee soap has much stronger cleaning power than ordinary soap. These activities add something special to your trip.
At the same time, Pu’er also hosts coffee-themed events, such as coffee brewing competitions. These events bring baristas (咖啡师) and coffee lovers together. “At the events, I have tasted different coffee flavours and met people from all over the world,” says another coffee lover. “That’s what being a big coffee city is all about.”
As this year’s harvest season begins, it’s likely that Pu’er will draw huge crowds of people.
21. Why did Pu’er become the coffee capital of China
A. Because of its culture. B. Because of a Frenchman.
C. Because of its climate. D. Because of its government.
22. What can coffee lovers do to experience the complete coffee-making process
①Roast coffee beans. ②Grow a coffee tree. ③Brew and taste coffee.
④Pick coffee beans. ⑤Make coffee soap.
A. ①③④ B. ②④⑤ C. ①②⑤ D. ②③⑤
23. Why did Pu’er decide to build high-end coffee manors
A. To produce more top coffee beans. B. To provide special experiences for visitors.
C. To lower the cost of coffee farming. D. To compete with foreign coffee companies.
24. How does the writer describe the experience at the coffee manors
A. By giving examples. B. By making comparisons. C. By listing numbers. D. By telling stories.
25. What does the writer think of the coffee culture of Pu’er
A. It is interesting but only attracts coffee lovers.
B. It is less popular among visitors than tea culture.
C. It is a pleasant way to pass down traditional skills.
D. It is exciting and offers unusual experiences.
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. DUnit 1 Helping those in need
单词
elderly / eld li/ adj. 上了年纪的
offer / f (r)/ v. 主动提出
serious / s ri s/ adj. 严重的
disease /d zi z/ n. 病；疾病
cancer / k ns (r)/ n. 癌；癌症
spirits / sp r ts/ n. [pl. ]情绪；心境
pain /pe n/ n. 痛苦；苦恼
belong /b l / v. 适应；合得来
spare /spe (r)/ adj. 空闲的；空余的
volunteer / v l n t (r)/ v. 自愿做
joy /d / n. 高兴；愉快；喜悦
lose /lu z/ v. 丧失；失去
raise /re z/ v. 筹集
pound /pa nd/ n. 英镑
*structure / str kt (r)/ n. 结构
permission /p m n/ n. 准许；许可
arrange / re nd / v. 排列；布置
donate /d ne t/ v. 捐赠；赠送
mighty / ma ti/ adj. 巨大的；非凡的
pleasant / pleznt/ adj. 令人愉快的；宜人的
ease /i z/ v. 减轻；缓解
ache /e k/ v. 疼痛；隐痛
短语
voluntary work志愿工作
disabled people残疾人士
look after照料；照顾
suffer from 遭受；患……病
cheer somebody up （使）高兴起来
raise one's spirits 使某人振奋
in low spirits 情绪低落
in order to 目的是；为了
in need 在危难中；在穷困中的
flower arranging插花
tidy up 收拾；整理
in vain 枉费心机；徒劳无益
单词练习
My grandma is _________ (elder), but she still walks every morning.
She offered _________ (help) me with my homework.
The teacher offered me some useful _________ (advice).
He spoke very _________ (serious) _________ the problem.
The accident was so _________ (serious) that many people were hurt.
He stayed at home because of a bad _________ (ill).
The good news raised our _________ (spirit).
He cried in great _________ (pain).
Is your back still _________ (pain)
This school bag belongs _________ me.
All his _________ (belong) were lost in the fire.
He spared no effort _________ (finish) the work.
Many students volunteer _________ (clean) the park.
To my _________ (joyful), we won the match.
The children had a _________ (joyful) time at the party.
He lost his wallet, so he had a big _________ (lose).
Don’t be a _________ (lose). Try again.
We are raising money _________ (help) the poor.
The sun _________ (rise) in the east every day.
The company changed its industrial _________ (structure).
You must ask for _________ (permit) before ___________(leave).
He was not _________ (permit) to enter the room.
They arranged _________ (meet) at the gate at 8 a. m.
You can of course help by giving them a ___________(donate) directly.
He showed a _________ (mighty) power in the game.
We had a very _________ (pleasantly) trip.
She smiled _________ (pleasant) at me.
It’s my _________ (please) to help you.
This heavy bag is not easy _________ (carry).
He finished the work with _________ (easy).
There is no _________ (ease) answer.
My tooth has been _________ (ache) since last night.
The old man is _________ (able) to walk without help.
He looks after his little sister very _________ (good).
The war brought much _________ (suffer).
The teacher tried to _________ (cheer) the boy up.
She is always _________ (cheer) and friendly.
We clean the classroom _________ order to keep it tidy.
The old man is in _________ (need) of help.
Please _________ (tidy) up your room now.
The elderly man lives _________ (alone / lonely).
She offered me _________ umbrella.
He made a _________ (decide) quickly.
The doctor tried to ease his _________ (painful).
He walked _________ (pain) after the accident.
My father has two _________ (old) brothers.
She volunteered _________ (give) away books to children.
To our _________ (surprised), he passed the exam.
The children were in high _________ (spirit).
The teacher raised her voice _________ (make) herself heard.
Many warm-hearted _________ (donate) helped the poor.
He has great _________ (able) in math.
She was _________ (able) to come because of illness.
The news made everyone feel _________ (joy).
The baby stopped crying and looked _________ (cheer).
The old man lives in a _________ (pleasant) village.
The _________ (elder) man needs more care.
She felt at _________ (ease) with her classmates.
短语练习
_________ _________ (心脏病)is becoming more common now.
I often read books_________ ________ ________ ________(在我的业余时间). She donated some money to _________ _________(残障人士) .
All his efforts were _________ _________ (徒劳无功).
The boy felt _________ _________ _________ _________ (归属感).
You can’t take photos _________ _________ (未经允许).
We should _______ _________ _________ ______ _________ (不遗余力地保护) the environment.
She was _______ _________ _________ (情绪低落) after the exam.
They ______ ________(遭受) health problems and fear the long term effects of radiation.
I do some _______ _________ (志愿工作) at the local hospital.
She is good at _________ ___________(插花).
语法填空
Helping others is an important part of our life.
Last year, our school organized 1_______ activity to help the elderly in need. Some old people there were living in pain because 2_______ illness, and they were often in low spirits. 3_________ we arrived, we tried to cheer them up by 4__________(talk) and singing songs.
One volunteer said that this was 5_____________ (meaningful) experience he had ever had.
We helped look after the elderly and cleaned their rooms 6___________(careful).
To everyone’s 7______(joyful), an old man told us that it was one of his friends’ happiest days.
Before we left, our class had raised money for the elderly.
All the donations were used 8___________( help) them live better lives, and we felt proud of 9___________(we).
This activity 10 ___________(teach) us that helping people in need could truly raise our spirits.
语法知识讲解———动词不定式
动词不定式的构成：to+ do(动词原形)，否定式为not to do。
1. 作宾语。
(1)我们用to do(动词不定式)放在动词(如choose, hope, offer, want, decide, learn, plan, wish等)后面作宾语。
(2)我们也可以用疑问词(what/how/where/why/who等)+to do放在动词(如decide, know, learn, remember等)后面作宾语。
2. 作宾语补足语。
(1)我们用to do 放在宾语后面作宾语补足语： v.+ objects (宾语)+to do(宾补)。
(2)let/make/have sb.+ do(这三个动词接不带to的不定式作宾补)。
3.做目的状语。我们可以用to do 来表目的。
单项选择
1. I don’t like traveling by boat, it always makes me ______sick. A. to feel B. feeling C. feel D. felt
2. The children decide ______ their school yard this Friday afternoon.
A. clean B. to clean C. cleaning D. cleaned
3. The boy is ______ young _______carry the heavy bag. A. too, to B. so, to C. so, that D. not, to
4. Just before the Chinese class, I found that I forgot _______my Chinese textbook.
A. bring B. bringing C. and bring D. to bring
5. We can _______robots _________ help us do housework.
A. use, for B. use, to C. used, for D. used, to
6. She reached the top of the hill and stopped _______on a big rock by the side of the path.
A. to have rested B. resting C. to rest D. rest
7. She lives _______ in the house, but she doesn’t feel______ at all.
A. lonely, alone B. lonely, lonely C. alone, alone D. alone, lonely
8. I don’t know her. I forget the arrival time of her flight.
A. where to meet B. how to meet C. when I to meet D. when to meet
9. The man from his seat and a difficult questions.
A. rose; raised B. raised; rose C. rises; to raise D. raises; to rise
10. Many children from the developing countries can’t school.
A. join B. attend C. join in D. take part in
11. They stopped ________, but there was no sound.
A. listen B. listening C. to listening D. to listen
12. He advised me _______ a new computer. A. to buy B. buy C. buying D. bought
13. Don’t make children _______ too much homework.
A. doing B. to do C. do D. did
14. I want to know _______.
A.when leave B. when to leave C. leave when D. to leave when
15. They decided _____ to the cinema. A. not to go B. to not go C. not going D. going not
综合练习
一、根据上句意思完成下句，使两句意思相近或相同，每空一词。
1. He was so angry that he couldn’t say anything. He was too angry _______ ______ anything.
2. I don’t know when we will have the meeting. I don’t know when _______ _______ the meeting.
3.He said he would write a letter. He said he would have a letter ______ _______.
4. That you read English in the morning is very important.
It is very important _____ you _____ _______ English in the morning.
5.He was so strong that he could lift the stone. （石头） He was strong ____ ____ _____ the stone.
6. His father went to Beijing for his holiday. His father went to Beijing ________ ______ his holiday.
7. They got up early so that they could get there in time.
They got up early _____ ______ _______ ______ there in time.
8. His brother decided that he would buy the book. His brother decided _____ _______ the book.
9. He hopes that he can visit the Great Wall. He hopes _____ _______ the Great Wall.
10.I saw him go into the room. He was seen _____ ______ into the room.
二、完形填空
My 12-year-old daughter is smart, but she had never read a full book for pleasure. She read books for school,
but getting her to do it was like ____1____. On her own, she only read a few comic books. None of these helped
her develop the habit of deep reading—with both eyes on the page and ____2____ else going on.
I felt like I had failed as a ____3____. As a book lover, I had no trouble explaining the importance of reading,
but failed to ____4____ the joy of it to my own child. I told her novels help her understand how people think. She
____5____ that social media could teach her the same thing. I said reading helps us understand ourselves. She
replied, “No, thanks. I’ll just live.” I suggested filling her room with her favourite books, but she said, “Mama,
welcome to your ____6____—it’s not mine.”
I couldn’t win our debates (辩论). Most of her arguments against reading didn’t seem __7__to me.
Finally, I decided to give up my lectures and offered her $100 to finish reading Charlie and the Chocolate Factory in a month. She was really surprised and then said yes ____8____.
During an eight-day beach holiday, she finished the book before the seventh day. When we got home, she asked for another Roald Dahl book and finished it in two weeks—without asking for more ____9____.
Will this lead to her picking up more good books and a lifelong love of reading I don’t know. But I’ve opened a door to the printed page—a ____10____, personal place that I hope will serve her for a lifetime. That $100 feels like the best money I’ve ever spent.
1. A. closing eyes B. raising hands C. pulling teeth D. touching ears
2. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing
3. A. writer B. parent C. lover D. person
4. A. set off B. pass on C. show off D. hold on
5. A. argued B. accepted C. promised D. realized
6. A. home B. dream C. palace D. island
7. A. educational B. correct C. helpful D. wrong
8. A. sadly B. seriously C. happily D. patiently
9. A. help B. time C. money D. permission
10. A. quiet B. funny C. noisy D. hidden
四、阅读理解
A
A family of eight beavers (河狸) in the Czech Republic surprised the world by building a dam (堤坝) in just two days. The government had planned to build it in 2018 but never started. Their work saved taxpayers (纳税人) around $1.2 million.
But if you know anything about beavers, you may not find the news surprising. Beavers are known as top builders of nature. They use their strong teeth to cut down branches and build dams. They also use grass, rocks and mud to strengthen them. The animals seem to be born with the ability to build. Even young beavers help with the work. But why do they build dams
Beavers do this to stay safe. With fat bodies and short legs, beavers walk slowly. On land, they’re very easy to become meals of predators like bears and wolves. But in the water, beavers are nearly unbeatable. They are great swimmers and can hold their breath for 10 to 15 minutes. By building a dam, they create a deep pond, and that pond is their safety zone.
Beaver ponds aren’t just warm, comfortable and safe homes for these animals themselves. Beaver dams benefit the environment, too. The food and water in these wetlands can support a large number of animals and plants. In rainy seasons, the dams store water to stop floods. In dry seasons, the stored water helps keep rivers alive. Scientists found that these wetlands also help fight climate change by taking in carbon dioxide.
All this doesn’t mean beavers are perfect neighbours. Their dams sometimes flood roads and farms. And their tree-chewing habits can bring trouble to homeowners. But instead of driving them away, humans are now finding ways to live peacefully with these smart builders.
16. What can we learn from paragraph 1
A. Where the government chose to build the dam. B. Why the plan to build the dam didn’t start.
C. How many beavers built the dam in two days. D. When the beavers finished building the dam.
17. What does the underlined word “them” in paragraph 2 refer to
A. Dams. B. Roads. C. Branches. D. Ponds.
18. Why do beavers build dams according to the article
A. To provide meals for bears and wolves. B. To protect themselves from danger.
C. To save money for the government. D. To help slow down climate change.
19. What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A. Beavers are in danger on land. B. Beavers are facing challenges.
C. Beaver dams are helpful to nature. D. Beavers bring problems to people.
20. What is the best title for the passage
A. The Happy Life of B. A Free Way to Build Dams
C. People’s Perfect Neighbors D. Nature’s Smart Builders
B
Pu’er, a city in Yunnan, is famous for its tea, but did you know it’s also known as the coffee capital of China Coffee trees grow best in places with a warm, wet climate. Pu’er has long been a top coffee bean producer. The first coffee tree was planted by a Frenchman in 1892, and in 1988, Nestle brought modern coffee farming to the city. Today, coffee is a major industry (产业) there, and Pu’er is home to some of the best coffee beans in the country.
But Pu’er is not just about growing coffee beans. It’s also a place for coffee lovers to experience a complete coffee-making process. Hands-on activities cover everything from picking and roasting beans to brewing and tasting coffee. To achieve this, the city has built more than 20 high-end coffee manors (庄园).
At the Elephant Coffee Manor, for example, you can enjoy a cup of coffee while watching Asian elephants walk freely. Such a scene is not seen very often. “I love sitting here,” says Huang Daxiang, a coffee lover. “It seems like another planet.”
Visitors can also try their hand at picking coffee fruit, making coffee soap and more at other manors. It is said that coffee soap has much stronger cleaning power than ordinary soap. These activities add something special to your trip.
At the same time, Pu’er also hosts coffee-themed events, such as coffee brewing competitions. These events bring baristas (咖啡师) and coffee lovers together. “At the events, I have tasted different coffee flavours and met people from all over the world,” says another coffee lover. “That’s what being a big coffee city is all about.”
As this year’s harvest season begins, it’s likely that Pu’er will draw huge crowds of people.
21. Why did Pu’er become the coffee capital of China
A. Because of its culture. B. Because of a Frenchman.
C. Because of its climate. D. Because of its government.
22. What can coffee lovers do to experience the complete coffee-making process
①Roast coffee beans. ②Grow a coffee tree. ③Brew and taste coffee. ④Pick coffee beans. ⑤Make coffee soap.
A. ①③④ B. ②④⑤ C. ①②⑤ D. ②③⑤
23. Why did Pu’er decide to build high-end coffee manors
A. To produce more top coffee beans. B. To provide special experiences for visitors.
C. To lower the cost of coffee farming. D. To compete with foreign coffee companies.
24. How does the writer describe the experience at the coffee manors
A. By giving examples. B. By making comparisons. C. By listing numbers. D. By telling stories.
25. What does the writer think of the coffee culture of Pu’er
A. It is interesting but only attracts coffee lovers.
B. It is less popular among visitors than tea culture.
C. It is a pleasant way to pass down traditional skills.
D. It is exciting and offers unusual experiences.
