(共51张PPT)
Unit 5
Revealing nature
5
U N I T
To learn how plants communicate.
To learn ways of communicating between plants.
To understand personification and apply it to writing.
To learn some words and expressions.
How do you communicate with each other
body language
face to face
social media
How do animals communicate with each other Do you know
How do bees communicate
They can tell others by dancing.
How do ants communicate
Ants communicate by chemicals.
Can you believe plants “talk” to each other by their own ways
Look at the pictures and tick what plants can do.
□ attack □ breathe
□ eat □ sleep
□ move □ speak
□ steal □ think
1
Now talk about what else you think plants can do and give examples.
Plants are amazing! They can do many things besides making oxygen.
First, plants can be a great hiding place for animals. For example, bushes are perfect for small animals like hedgehogs. They can hide in the thick leaves when they are in danger.
Second, plants help make our world beautiful. Flowers such as daisies and sunflowers add bright colors to gardens and fields. They make our environment look so pretty.
Third, some plants can tell us about the weather. The leaves of the sensitive plant close up when the air is humid. It's like a little weather reporter!
Fourth, plants can be used to make useful things. Bamboo is a kind of plant. People use it to make furniture like chairs and tables.
In a word, plants are really useful and important in our lives.
1. What is the passage most likely to be taken from
A. A scientific magazine B. A guide book
C. A fiction story D. A news report
Read the passage to figure out:
2. What's the genre of the passage
A. News B. Exposition
3. What is the writer's purpose in writing the passage
A. To introduce the ways plants communicate with each other
B. To compare the differencesbetween plants and humans
C. To predict where technology will take plants
D. To call on humans to protect the plants
Read the passage and find out the ways in which plants communicate.
Plants can communicate with each other by using chemicals, sound and “wood wide web”.
2
Part 1
Part 2
Part 3
Paras. 1-2
Paras. 3-5
Para. 6
Introduction and thesis statement
main body
conclusion
Plants can communicate
Plants have various ways to communicate
Scientists are learning more about the language of plants
How to explain an idea
Expository writing usually has a standard 3-part essay structure:
Introduction with a topic to grab the readers' attention
Part 1
Part 2
Part 3
Body with 2-3 points with supporting evidence for each
Conclusion with a concise summary
Organise information from the passage and complete the diagram.
3
Modern research is showing that plants can __________________________
communicate with each other
Using chemicals
The plant releases chemicals __________
______ that are being eaten.
When another plant detects the chemicals, it starts to _________
__________________
_____________.
from the
leaves
release its
own, different
chemicals
Using sound
Some plants make noises _______________.
A chili plant can ____________________________________________.
Some trees make ____________________________________________________________________________.
with their roots
tell if a neighbouring plant is helpful, or unfriendly
clicking noises when there is not enough water, indicating drought is arriving
Using the “wood wide web”
This fungal network links ______________________
______________________.
Plants can _______
_____________________________ with each other.
Plants can _____________
_____________________ ______________to attack other plants.
the roots of different plants to each other
share
information and even food
steal food from each other, or spread poisons
Maybe one day we will be able to “talk” with plants.
Read for details
Paras. 1-2: Introduction
Para. 1 Talking plants have long been a thing of mythsand legends.
Alexander the Great
Marco Polo
Read for details
Paras. 1-2: Introduction
Which of the following is not the functions of Para. 2
To lead to the following context
To arouse readers' interests
To summarize the above
To further explain
Read for details
Para. 3: Using chemicals
chemicals
release
detect
a bean plant
another bean plant
attack
release
insects
different
chemicals
wasp
attack
drive away
kill
Read for details
Why do scientists do research on this plant warning system
A.To explore the wonders of nature
B. To apply it into agriculture
C. To protect plants
D. To predict the future of plants
Para. 3: Using chemicals
Read for details
Which of the following is not the thing plants use sound do
A. Listen whether their neighbors are helpful or not
B. Indicate the arrival of drought
C. Identify the unfriendly plants
D. Help each other get water
Para. 4: Using sound
Read for details
Find out the differences between “World Wide Web” and “Wood Wide Web’’
Para. 5：Complete the chart.
Short for World Wide Web Wood Wide Web
System for _______________among humans _______________among plants
Link every person on Earth every _________ in a forest
Linked by _______ and _________ underground _______ which links the ______ of different plants to each other
Use it to share ____________ and ________ with each other
cybercrime cheat someone out of his __________ spread computer virus to attack others’ __________ steal _______from each other
spread _________ to _________ other plants
communication
communication
plant
cables
satellites
fungi
roots
communicate entertain
shop
information
food
money
computers
food
poisons
attack
Read for details
According to Para. 6, what is the writer's attitude towards the scientific research on the secret language of plants
A. Positive B. Neutral
C. Negative D. Indifferent
Para. 6: Conclusion
1. What figure of speech is being used when the plants are described as calling for help What is its function
Personification. It can make descriptions more vivid.
Personification means giving human characteristics to something that is not human. By using human characteristics to describe an object, animal or even a place, personification can make descriptions more vivid.
What is personification
Can you tell from the appearance of the word
拟人personification：把无生命的物体、自然现象、抽象概念等拟作人，赋予事物以人的思想、情感或行为方式，使其人格化。拟人化的写作手法可使文章更生动、形象、具体，让读者感到所描写的事物更活泼、亲近，增强文章的感染力。
首先，Secret Language将植物赋予人类的语言和思想，Secret则生动地描绘出植物之间交流的方式，奠定了全文的情感基调。
其次，talk、communicate、listen等词赋予植物以人的感官功能。share information and even food、send food to smaller pine trees、steal food from each other等生动地描绘出植物之间交流方式的多样化。
修辞手法之“拟人”
最后，... a warning, or a call for help: “I'm being attacked! ” 、helpful, or unfriendly、its own version of “cybercrime”等栩栩如生地向读者勾勒出一副画面——植物在受到危害、攻击时的反击。作者虽没有具体描写植物在形态上的应激反应，但这样的描述使读者更容易将植物的行为与人类的日常生活相联系，便于理解。
由此可见，写作时用好拟人手法，常常能够达到生动形象、富有趣味的效果。
“Wood wide web” means an amazing system of communication that can link nearly every plant in a forest. It is linked underground by fungi and this fungal network links the roots of different plants to each other. Using the wood wide web, plants can share information and even food with each other.
2. What does “wood wide web” mean
4. What discoveries are described in the two reading passages in this unit and what do their meanings have in common
Passage 1 reveals the discovery of evolution and Passage 2 reveals the discovery of communication between plants. They all reflect that there are numerous secrets in nature that remain to be explored.
3. What do you think are the benefits of studying plant communication
Open.
Give a talk about communication between living things.
1. Read the passage again and talk about how plants communicate.
2. Think about and discuss the following ways of communication in the animal world.
Bees “dance” to signal to other bees that they have found food.
Ants communicate with each other through touch, chemical signals, moving their bodies and even using their legs to make sounds.
What other ways can you think of
4
3. Organise your ideas following the steps below.
Begin with what living things you have chosen to talk about.
Explain how they communicate and give examples.
Conclude by explaining what we have learnt from their behaviour.
4. Give a talk to the class about communication between living things.
Now talk about how well you contributed to your group discussion and help each other to make improvements.
CHECK LIST
You know ways of communicating between plants.
You can describe the different ways of communicating between living things.
You can organise your ideas.
You helped your group members to make improvements.
You contributed to your group talk.
1. Alexander the Great and Marco Polo were said to have visited such a tree in India.
be said to have done = It is said that sb… = people say sb
据说某人做了某事
sb be said to do 据说某人做……
sb be said to be doing 据说某人正在做……
sb be said to have done 据说某人曾做过……
eg It is said that the two great poets have left the country.
= People say the two great poets have left the country.
据说那两位著名诗人已离开那个国家。
It is thought that… 据认为 ……
It is believed that … 人们相信……
It is reported that… 据报道……
It is claimed that… 据称……
It is hoped that …人们希望……
It is well-known that… 众所周知……
It is generally considered that… 大家普遍认为 ……
【语境应用】单句语法填空。
1) It ____________ (say) that this boy, who had a great gift for languages and persuasion, is the father of the Manchu people.
2) He is said ____________ (be) the richest man in the world now.
3) She is said ___________ (sing) very well when she was young.
4) He is said ____________ (focus) on strategic projects and is particularly interested in social networking.
5) It ____________ (believe) that John will help us with some money.
is said
to be
to have sung
to be focusing
is believed
2. And in some modern stories, such as the movie Avatar, trees can communicate with animals and people.
communicate with 与……交流
eg If I could communicate with animals, I would do
something to help them live peacefully.
communicate by (doing) sth 用……方式交流
communicate sth to sb 把某事传达给某人
communication n. 交流，沟通
in communication with 与……交流
have a good communication with 与……交通便捷
【语境应用】单句语法填空。
1) Parents sometimes find it difficult to communicate _____________ (their teenage children.)
2) We communicated mostly _____________ e-mail.
3) The decision was communicated _____________ our staff late in 1998.
4) Good _____________ (communicate) is vital in a large organization.
with
by
to
communication
3. With us long believing that talking plants are fantasy, new research has revealed something amazing: it appears that plants can communicate after all.
We could also say
While we have believed for a long time that talking plants are unreal, new research has found out something amazing: it seems that plants can talk to each other after all.
with的复合结构 “with+名词/代词+非谓语动词”
eg *With Tim guiding us, we had no difficulty in finding the destination.
由于Tim的引导，我们毫不费力地找到了目的地。
*With a lot of work to do, he felt anxious.
有好多工作有待完成，他感到焦虑。
*With the problem settled, he felt relived.
问题解决了，他如释重负。
with+名词/代词+非谓语动词
to do 多指动词尚未发生
-ed 被动关系
doing 多指动作正在进行
4. When another bean plant detects the chemicals from its injured neighbour, it starts to release its own, different chemicals.
detect v. to notice or discover something, especially something that is not easy to see, hear etc.
发现，察觉(尤指不易察觉到的事物)
eg Many forms of cancer can be cured if detected early.
如果发现得早，许多癌症都可以治愈。
detectable adj. 可觉察的;可发现的;可查出
detector n. 探测器，检测器
detective n. 侦探，警探
detection n. 察觉，发现; 侦察
【语境应用】单句语法填空。
1) Many forms of cancer can be cured if __________ (detect) early.
2) Early __________ (detect) of the disease is vital.
detected
detection
5. Most surprisingly of all, plants have an amazing system of communication that can link nearly every plant in a forest.
link v. 1) to make a connection between two or more things or people 把……联系起来
2) to physically join two or more things, people, or places 连接(两个或两个以上的物、人或地点)
eg *I have heard his name linked with that of a well-known person.
我听说他的名字与一位知名人士的名字联系在一起。
*The new bridge will link the island to the mainland.
这座新桥将把岛与大陆连接起来。
eg Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in weight problems. (翻译)
研究人员发现，外出就餐的增多和体重问题的增多之间有直接关系。
link n. a connection between two people, things or ideas
联系，关联；关系
【语境应用】翻译句子。
1) 在古代，古老的丝绸之路把中国和西方连接了起来。
2) 饮食与心脏病之间有直接的联系。
The old Silk Road linked China with the West in ancient times.
There’s a direct link between diet and heart disease.
翻译句子：
1) 饥渴的土壤在雨中畅饮。
2) 花儿在微风中点头。
3) 月亮在天上赶路。
1. Thirsty soil drank in the rain.
2. The flowers nodded in the breeze.
3. The moon is riding in the sky.
