数学试题参考答案及评分说明
一、选择题(每小题只有一个正确答案,每小题 3 分,满分 30 分)
1.A 2.C 3.C 4.C 5.C
6.C 7.D 8.D 9.A 10.B
二、填空题(每小题 3分,满分 18 分)
11 1.26 104.
12. 2 6
1
13.
4
14.6
15. 2 4 10 8或
3
24051 24051
16. 32025
, 2025
3
三、解答题(本题共 8道大题,共 72 分)
2
17(. 1) 12024 1 2tan45 1 2 2 ( ) ( 3.14)0
2
1 1 2 1 2 4 1 ·········································································2 分
1 1 2 8 1 ·································································2 分
9 2 ·································································1 分
(2)因式分解
(y 2)(y 4) 1
y2 6y 8 1······················································································· 1 分
y2 6y 9 ··························································································· 1 分
(y 3)2 ································································································1 分
数学试卷 第 1页 (共 6 页)
x x > 1 ①
18. 2 3
(2 x 3) 3(x 2)> 6 ②
解:由不等式①得 3x-2x>-6············································································· 1 分
∴x>-6···············································································1 分
由不等式②得 2x-6-3x+6>-6········································································1 分
∴x<6················································································1 分
∴不等式组得解集为-6<x<6············································································· 1 分
19. x2 14x 1
解:x2 14x 49 1 49
(x 7)2 50 ··············································································· 1 分
x 7 5 2 ·············································································· 1 分
x 5 2 7 ·············································································· 1 分
x1 5 2 7,x 2 5 2 7 ························································ 1 分
20.(1)50 32······························································································2 分
(2)B 组为篮球人数:11,C 组为排球人数:15,补全条形统计图如图·····················3 分
(3)108········································································································1 分
(4 15) ×2500=750(人)·················································································· 2 分
50
21.
(1)证明:如图,连接OD ···············································································1 分
以 AB为直径的 O交 BC于点D
数学试卷 第 2页 (共 6 页)
F
OD OB A E
OBD ODB O…………………………1 分
AB AC B D C
B C
ODB C ································································································ 1 分
OD∥AC
DE AC
OD DE ····································································································1 分
DE是 O的切线·························································································· 1 分
(2)解:如图 2,过点O作OG AF,垂足为点G
在⊙O中
OG AF, AF 4
AG GF 1 AF 2 F
2 G A
AB AC E
O
B C=30°
B C
OAG B C 60° D=
AGOG AG tan 60 2 3,OA 4cos 60
S 1△AOG 2 2 3 2 32
DE⊥AC,OG⊥AF,OD⊥DE
GED 90 , ODE 90 , OGE 90
四边形ODEG是矩形
S矩形ODEG 4 2 3 8 3
AOD 2 B 60
60 42 S 8
扇形OAD 360 3
数学试卷 第 3页 (共 6 页)
S阴影=S矩形ODEG S△AOG S OAD 8 3 2 3
8
6 3 8
扇形 ································· 5 分3 3
22.(1)5.5;8.5;60;·····················································································3 分
(2)设乙车减速前的速度为 v千米/小时,则
(5-1)v+(8.5-5.5)(v-50)=480
解得 v=90
∴乙车减速前的速度为 90 千米/小时···································································· 2 分
∴ 4v=360
∴ E(5.5,360),F(8.5,480)
设线段 EF 的解析式为 y2=kx+b(k≠0),把 E(5.5,360),F(8.5,480)代入得
5.5k+b=360
8.5k+b=480
解得 k=40
b=140
∴线段 EF 的函数解析式为 y2=40x+140(5.5≤x≤8.5)···············································3 分
4 23
(3)乙车出发 小时或 小时,与甲车相距 220 千米·········································· 2 分
3 5
23.(1)解:四边形 ADFE是正方形,·································································1 分
理由如下:
△BAC是等腰直角三角形,
∠ = 90 ,AB=AC.
由折叠的性质可得:∠BDF=∠FDA,BD=AD=1AB.
2
四边形 ABA E是矩形,·················································································· 1 分
F是 BC中点,
AD=BD,AE=CE,
= ,
四边形 ADFE是正方形.··················································································1 分
(2)BQ 2AP. 理由如下:······································································· 1 分
数学试卷 第 4页 (共 6 页)
△BAC是等腰直角三角形,
∠C=45°,
由(1)可知 AE=EF=CE
△CEF是等腰直角三角形,
CE AC 1
,
CF AB ························································································· 1
分
2
由旋转的性质,得 CE=CP,CF=CQ,∠FCE=∠QCP,
CP AC 1
,
CQ AB ·························································································1 分2
∵∠PCA=∠BCA=∠BCP,∠QCB=∠QCP-∠BCP,
∴∠PCA=∠QCB,
∴△PCA ∽ △QCB,··················································································································1 分
AP CP 1
,
BQ CQ 2
即 BQ 2AP.······························································································ 1 分
(3)2 5 - 2 .···························································································· 2 分
(4)解:2 7 - 2或2 7 2,··········································································· 2 分
24. 1 2答案:( ) y = x -2 x-3 顶点坐标(1,-4)···································· 4 分
(2)Q1(1,-4),Q2(-2,5);······························································ 2 分
(3)过点 P 作 x轴的垂线交直线 BC 于点 Q
∵B(3,0),C(0,-3)
∴yBC= x-3·························································································· 1 分
2
设 P(m,m -2m-3),则 Q(m,m-3)
2
∴PQ=m-3-(m -2m-3)································································· 1 分
2
=-m +3m····················································································· 1 分
数学试卷 第 5页 (共 6 页)
2
PH = PQ = m +3m
OH OC 3
当 m= 3时,PH 的值最大············································································1 分
2 OH
S = 27∴ △BCP ·························································································· 2 分8
(4) 58.································································································ 2 分
数学试卷 第 6页 (共 6 页)数 学 试 卷
考生注意:
1.本科为闭卷考试,考试时间 120 分钟。
2.全卷共三道大题,总分 120 分。
3.请将答案填写在答题卡指定的位置。
一、选择题(每小题只有一个正确答案,每小题 3 分,满分 30 分)
1. -2026的绝对值是
1 1
A.2026 B. C.-2026 D.
2026 2026
2. 博物馆是承载中华文脉的殿堂,其标志设计既藏着传统美学,又含着几何智慧.下
列博物馆标志中,是中心对称图形的是
A B C D
3. 下列运算正确的是
A.3a2 2a2 1 B. (a2 )3 a5 C. a2 a4 a6 D. (3a)2 6a2
4. 如图,将一直角三角形放于一对平行线上,量得∠2=151°,
则∠1=
A.63° B.67°
C.61° D.69°
5.由 5个相同的小正方体组成的几何体如图所示,该几何体的左视图是 (第 4题)
A B C D
(第 5题)
数学试卷 第 1页 (共 8 页)
6 x m 2x 3. 如果关于 的分式方程 1的解是正数,那么实数 m的取值范围是
x 2 2 x
A.m 1且m 1 B.m 5 C.m 5且m 1 D. m 2且m 0
7. 为助力家校协同育人,某校开展家庭教育指导咨询大集活动。现场需从 3名学生志
愿者(2名男生,1名女生)里随机抽 2人负责家长签到引导工作,抽取的恰好是 1
名男生和 1名女生的概率是
1 1 4 2
A. B. C. D.
9 3 9 3
8. 某村为推广农作物大米品牌,计划将 100 千克的大米分装成 3 千克和 5 千克“大米
礼盒”.捐赠给社区(两种礼盒都要有且每种礼盒不少于 10 盒).现要准备两种不
同的包装盒,则准备方案共有
A.6种 B.5种 C.3种 D.2种
9. 如图,正方形 ABCD的边长为 8 cm,动点 P,Q同时从点 A出发,
以 2 cm/s的速度分别沿 A→B→C和 A→D→C的路径向点 C运动.
2
设运动时间为 x(单位:s),四边形 PBDQ的面积为 y(单位: cm ),
则 y与 x(0<x<8)之间的函数图象大致是下列图中的 (第 9题)
A B C D
10.二次函数 y=ax2+bx+c(a≠0)的图象如图所示,顶点坐标为(1,n);与 x轴的交点为
A(-1,0)和点 B;与 y轴的交点在(0,2)与(0,3)之间(包括端点).其中正确
2
结论的个数是①b -4ac>0;②3a+c<0;③点(-2,y1),
1
( ,y2),(5,y3)都在抛物线上,则 y
2 1
>y3>y2;
④ ax2 8方程 +bx+c-n-1=0 无实根;⑤ ≤n≤4.
3
A.2 B.3
C.4 D.5
数学试卷 第 2页 (共 8 页)
(第 10题)
二、填空题(每小题 3分,满分 18 分)
11. 神舟二十一号载人飞船于北京时间 2025年 10月 31日 23时 44分,在酒泉卫星发射
中心由长征二号 F遥二十一运载火箭发射升空.飞船入轨后,采用自主快速交会对接
模式,在发射后约 12600秒,成功对接于空间站天和核心舱的前向端口.将 12600用
科学记数法表示为___________.
12. 一个圆锥体的侧面展开图是一个圆心角为 72°的扇形,若这个圆锥体的底面圆的半径
为 1,则这个圆锥体的高为____________.
13. 如图,在□ABCD中,AB=3,BC=4,以点 B为圆心,以适当长为半径作弧,分别交
1
BA,BC于点 M,N;分别以点 M,N为圆心,以大于 MN 的长为半径作弧,两弧
2
在∠ABC 内部交于点 P,作射线 BP,交 AD 于点 E,交 CD 延长线于点 F,则
EF = .
BF
4
14. 如图,点 A是反比例函数 y 在第一象限内的图象上的一个动点,过点 A作 AB
x
2
垂直 x 轴交反比例函数 y 的图象于点 B,连接 BO 并延长,交反比例函数
x
y 2 的图象于点 C,连接 AC,则△ABC的面积为____________.
x
(第 13题) (第 14题) (第 15题)
15. 如图,在△ABC中,∠C=90°,AC=3,BC=4,点 E,F分别在边 AC,BC上,连接
EF,把△CEF沿着 EF折叠,点 C的对应点 D落在 AB边上.若△BDF是以 BF为腰
的等腰三角形,则 CF= .
数学试卷 第 3页 (共 8 页)
16. 如图,点 A1 在直线 l1 : y 2x 上,点 B1 在直线
l2 : y
1
x上,连接 A1B1,以 A1B1为斜边,向外作2
等腰直角三角形,直角顶点为C1;过点C1作 A1B1的
1
平行线,交 l1 : y 2x于 A2 ,交 l2 : y x于 B ,2 2
连接 A2B2 ,以 A2B2 为斜边,向外作等腰直角三角形,
直角顶点为 C2 ;过点 C2 作 A1B1 的平行线,交
l1 : y 2x于 A3 ,交 l2 : y
1
x于 B3 ,连接 A3B , (第 16题)2 3
以 A3B3为斜边,向外作等腰直角三角形,直角顶点为C3;过点C3作 A1B1的平行线,
交 l1 : y 2x于 A
1
4,交 l2 : y x于 B2 4
,连接 A4B4 ,以 A4B4 为斜边,向外作等腰
直角三角形,直角顶点为C4……按此规律,若 A1(1,2),B1(2,1),则C2026 的
坐标为______________.
三、解答题(本题共 8道大题,共 72 分)
17. (本题共 2 个小题,第(1)题 5 分,第(2)题 4分,共 9分)
2
(1) 12024 1 2tan45 ( 2 2 1 ) ( 3.14)0
2
(2)因式分解(y 2)(y 4) 1
18. (本题满分 4分)
x x
> 1
2 3
(2 x 3) 3(x 2)> 6
19. (本题满分 5分)
x2 14x 1
数学试卷 第 4页 (共 8 页)
20. (本题满分 8分)
为强化学生技能,助力终身运动 ,帮助学生掌握实用运动技能,提高学生身体
素质,我市中考体育考试项目新增设了足球、篮球、排球、滑冰四项选一项的考试
内容。某校为了解学生选择考试项目情况,在该校学生中随机抽取部分学生做“参加
四选一体育项目考试”问卷调查(每人必选其中一项),其中 A:足球、B:篮球、C:
排球、D:滑冰,将参加问卷的学生的数据整理后,依据样本数据得到不完整的条形
图和扇形图.
请根据图中所给出的信息解答下列问题:
(1) 本次调查的样本容量是______,n=______;
(2) 补全条形统计图;
(3) 扇形统计图中“C”部分对应扇形的圆心角为______度;
(4) 若该校有 2500名学生,请你估计喜爱排球的学生有多少人?
数学试卷 第 5页 (共 8 页)
21.(本题满分 10 分)
如图,在△ABC中,AB=AC,以 AB为直径的⊙O交 BC于点 D,过点 D
作 DE⊥AC,垂足为点 E,延长 CA交⊙O于点 F.
(1)求证:DE是⊙O的切线;
(2)若 AF=4,∠C=30°,求图中阴影部分的面积. F
A
E
O
B D C
22. (本题满分 10分)
在一条平坦笔直的道路上依次有 A、B、C三地,甲车先从 C地向 A地匀速行
驶,1 小时后,乙车从 A地出发,先匀速行驶到 B地,装货耗时半小时,由于满载
货物,为了行驶安全,速度减少了 50 千米/时,匀速行驶到 C地,结果比甲车晚半
小时到达目的地.甲、乙两车距各自出发地的路程 y1(单位:千米),y2(单位:千
米)与甲车的行驶时间 x(单位:小时)之间的函数图象如图所示.请结合图象信息
解答下列问题:
(1)a的值 ;b的值 ;甲车的速度为 千米/时;
(2)求乙车减速前的速度,及图象中线段 EF的函数解析式;
(3)直接写出乙车出发多少小时与甲车相距 220千米.
数学试卷 第 6页 (共 8 页)
23. 综合与探究(本题满分 12分)
问题情境:
如图 1,△BAC是等腰直角三角形纸片,将 BA边对折,折痕交 BA边于点 D,
交 BC边于点 F,再沿过点 F且平行于 BA边的直线将△BAC向右折叠,折痕交 CA
边于点 E,连接 DF、EF.
猜想证明:
(1)判断四边形 ADFE的形状,并说明理由;
深入探究:
(2)创新小组在解决了上述问题后,将△BAC展开铺平.将△CEF绕点 C逆时针
方向旋转,得到△CPQ,点 E,F的对应点分别为 P,Q,如图 2,连接 AP,BQ.试
探究线段 AP,BQ之间的数量关系,并说明理由;
(3)在(2)的条件下,若 AB=4,在旋转的过程中,连接 AQ,取 AQ中点 M,连
接 BM,则 BM的最小值是 ;
问题解决:
(4)在(2)(3)的条件下,当 B,P,Q三点在同一条直线上时,请直接写出△BCQ
的面积.
数学试卷 第 7页 (共 8 页)
24. 综合与实践(本题满分 14分)
如图 1,抛物线 y=ax2+bx-3与 x轴相交于 A(-1,0),B两点,且 OB=3OA,
与 y 轴相交于点 C.
(1)求抛物线的解析式及顶点坐标;
(2)点 Q是抛物线上任意一点,若△BCQ是以 BC为直角边的直角三角形,则点 Q
的坐标为______;
PH
(3)如图 2,点 P为直线 BC下方抛物线上一动点,连接 OP交 BC于点 H,当
OH
的值最大时,求△BCP面积;
(4)如图 3,点 D(4,1)与动点 N在直线 BC上,点 E(1,2)与动点 M在抛物
线的对称轴上,则 DM+MN+NE的最小值为______.
图 1 图 2 图 3
数学试卷 第 8页 (共 8 页)