(共47张PPT)
Unit 5
The Value of Money
Section Ⅱ Discovering Useful Structures
英 语
2026
内容索引
走近新课 一起感知
语法探究 一起思考
随堂练习
走近新课 一起感知
一、阅读下列句子,写出画线部分的情态动词所表示的含义
1.The little boy can read and write.
2.It may seem lucky to you but not to me!
3.You can go off duty now.
4.You mustn’t do that.
5.Can I ask a question
6.You should write him a letter.
7.I would like to know the date.
8.You have to wear uniforms at school.
能力
可能或推测
许可
禁止
提出请求
提出建议
愿望
需要和义务
二、单句语法填空
1.They said the letter inside (explain) what it was all about.
2.Jeff knew he (be) tired the next day.
3.They (be) going to find someone to take part in their bet when they saw Henry walking on the street outside.
would explain
would be
were
语法探究 一起思考
词汇讲解
1.intention(page 54) 打算;计划;目的
★intention n.打算;计划;意图;目的
I have no intention of apologising. 我无意道歉。
【合作探究】
记一记·长知识
intend v.计划;打算;想要;意指
I intended to catch the early bus,but I didn’t get up in time.
我本打算赶早班的公交车,可是我早上起晚了。
The writer clearly intends his readers to identify with the main character.
作者显然想使读者能与主人公产生共鸣。
The table was intended for you,but she took it over.
那张桌子本来是为你准备的,可是被她占用了。
说一说·勤归纳
intention n.打算;计划;意图;目的
intend v.计划;打算;想要;意指
intend to do sth 打算做某事
intend sb to do sth 打算让某人做某事
be intended for 专门为……而设计;专供……使用的
【即学即用】
完成句子
(1)This kind of bicycle (是专供人们使用的) who are tall.
(2)What do you (打算做什么) this weekend
is intended for people
intend to do
2.In case it happens to you on a trip abroad,what should you do (page 54)
万一它发生在你出国旅行的路上,你应该怎么办
★in case 以防;以防万一
Take your raincoat in case it rains.
带上你的雨衣,以防下雨。
【合作探究】
记一记·长知识
in case of 若发生某事;万一
In case of fire,ring 119.
万一发生火灾,请拨打119。
in no case 决不(置于句首时,句子要倒装)
In no case should you give up.你决不应该放弃。
in that/this case 在那种/这种情况下
in any case 无论如何;总之
In any case,do your best.无论如何,你都要尽力。
【即学即用】
单句语法填空
(1)In case difficulty,just call on me.
翻译句子
(2)In case I forget,please remind me of my promise.
(3)In no case should you touch it.
of
万一我忘了,请提醒我一下我的承诺。
你决不可以去碰它。
语法讲解
情态动词
知识脉络
语法精讲
一、基本特征
1.情态动词有一定的词义,不能单独做谓语,需和实义动词或系动词一起做谓语。
The little boy can read and write. 这个小男孩会读书写字。
2.情态动词一般无人称和数的变化,个别情态动词有现在时和过去时两种时态变化。
They must be in the classroom. 他们一定在教室里。
3.构成否定句时,not放在其后面。
The young man can’t carry the big stone.这个年轻人搬不动那块大石头。
4.情态动词后接动词原形。
People who are familiar with the game will know this.
熟悉这个游戏的人会知道这一点。
二、基本用法
1.can与could的用法
(1)表示能力:can用来表示现在的能力,could表示过去的能力。
I can play basketball now,but I couldn’t when I was young.
现在我会打篮球了,但小时候我不会。
(2)表示请求和许可:could语气比can委婉,但回答时只能用can。
Can/Could you lend me a hand 你能帮我一下吗
(3)表示推测,意为“可能”。多用于否定句或疑问句。
—Can he be in the reading room now
—No,he can’t be in it,because I saw him in the office just now.
——他现在可能在阅览室吗
——不,他不可能在(阅览室),因为我刚刚在办公室里看见他了。
【即学即用】
选出下列句中can/could的含义
A.表示能力 B.表示推测 C.表示请求和许可
(1)I believe that he can’t be so rude.
(2)I can speak English fluently while he can’t.
(3)—Could you please clean this room
—Yes,I can.
B
A
C
2.may与might的用法
(1)表示征求对方的许可或允许(不用might)对方做某事。
—May I come in
—Yes,you may/can./No,you can’t.
——我可以进来吗
——是的,你可以。/不,你不能。
You may be the first to answer if you are in a hurry.
如果你有急事,你可以第一个回答问题。
(2)表示推测(把握不大),意为“可能”,多用于肯定句。might比may可能性更小。
He may come,or he may not.
他可能来,也可能不来。
It may/might rain this afternoon.You’d better take a raincoat with you.
今天下午可能会下雨。你最好带上雨衣。
(3)may用于祈使句,表示祝愿。
May you succeed!
祝你成功!
May you have a good journey!
祝你旅途愉快!
【即学即用】
写出下列句中may的用法
(1)May you be happy!
(2)I think he may come today.
(3)You may keep the book for 2 weeks.
表示祝愿
表示推测
表示许可
3.will与would的用法
(1)表示从主语的主观意志出发,愿意做某事。
We will do our best to save the child.
我们会尽力抢救这个孩子。
I have asked her,but she won’t help us.
我已经问过她了,但她不会帮助我们。
(2)表示请求或建议,多用于疑问句。would语气更委婉。
Would you please open/Would you mind opening the window for me
请你为我打开窗户好吗
Would you pass me the bottle
请你递给我那个瓶子好吗
(3)表示习惯性动作或客观真理,意为“总是;老是”。
She will listen to music alone in her room for hours.
她独自在房间里听音乐,往往一听就是几个小时。
On Sunday he would go to the park to play chess.
星期天他会去公园下棋。
想一想·善辨析
would,used to
He would go to the park as soon as he was free.
过去,他一有空就去公园。(动作反复发生,现在还有可能再去)
I used to go to work by bike,but now I go to work by car.
我过去常常骑车上班,但是现在我开车上班。
would 表示过去反复发生的动作,不强调现在还是否经常发生
used to 表示过去常常做某事,但现在不这样做了
【即学即用】
完成句子
(1)我的父母不会允许我在外面待得很晚。
My parents out late.
(2)他住在乡下时总是起得很早。
He when he lived in the country.
(3)过去,人们认为地球是扁平的。
People that Earth was flat.
won’t allow me to stay
would get up early
used to believe
(1)shall用于疑问句中多表示征求建议,主要用于第一人称。
What shall we do this evening
我们今晚干什么
(2)用于陈述句中多表示说话者的允诺、告诫、威胁、命令、规定、必然性等,主要用于第二、三人称。
She shall get her share.
她可以得到她的那一份。
(3)should表示劝告或建议,意为“应该;要”。
We should help others when they are in trouble.
当别人有困难时,我们应该帮助他们。
4.shall与should的用法
(4)should表示义务或责任,意为“应该;理应”。
We should learn from each other.
我们应该互相学习。
(5)should表示推测,意为“应该;可能”。
If the train is on time,she should arrive in Beijing by seven o’clock.
如果火车准点的话,她应该在7点钟到达北京。
(6)should表示惊讶或意外,意为“竟然”。
It’s strange that he should come so late.
他竟然来这么迟,真是奇怪。
【即学即用】
完成句子
(1)你明天可以拿到那本书。
You that book tomorrow.
(2)如果你不来,我就不告诉你这个消息了。
If you can’t come,I you the news.
shall have
shall not tell
5.must的用法
(1)must表示命令或强烈的建议,意为“必须”。
All the students must obey the school rules.
所有学生必须遵守校规。
(2)表示十分肯定的推测,意为“一定;准是”。
There’s a lot of noise from next door.They must be having a party.
隔壁那屋很嘈杂,他们准是在聚会。
(3)表示说话人的一种态度,意为“偏要;硬要;偏偏”。
Why must he go out in the bad weather
为什么他偏要在这种坏天气出门
Must you make so much noise when I have a rest
你就非得在我休息时弄出这么大的声音吗
(4)mustn’t表示禁止,意思是“不许,不准,不可以”等。
You mustn’t stop your car in the busy street.
你不能把车停在繁忙的街道上。
(5)回答must问句时,肯定回答多用must;否定回答多用needn’t或don’t have to。
—Must I finish my homework before eight o’clock
—Yes,you must.(No,you needn’t.或No,you don’t have to.)
——我必须要在8点之前完成作业吗
——是的,你必须。(不,你不必。)
【即学即用】
写出下列句中must的含义
(1)You must practise your spoken English if you want to improve.
(2)Why must you always interrupt me
(3)She must be tired after such a long walk.
表示“必须”
表示“偏要;硬要”
表示“一定;准是”
6.ought to的用法
(1)“应该”,表示责任或义务。用于表示按道理应当,常指客观的义务或责任,大多数情况下可用should代替,但比should语气重。
You ought to study harder than your brother. 你应该比你哥哥更努力学习。
I should help her because she is in trouble. 她有困难了,我应该帮助她。
(2)“应该”,表示劝告、建议或命令。should和ought to可通用,但在疑问句中常用should。ought to的否定式为oughtn’t to或ought not to。
You ought to balance career and family.
你应该平衡好事业与家庭之间的关系。
(3)“应该”,表示推测。可与should换用。
Mary ought to be here soon. 玛丽应该很快就来了。
【即学即用】
用ought to完成句子
(1)下次过马路时,你应该更小心些。
You when you cross the road next time.
(2)——我应该明天动身吗
——是的,你应该。
— tomorrow
—Yes, .
ought to be more careful
Ought I to leave
you ought to
7.need的用法
(1)做情态动词
①need做情态动词时,常用于疑问句、否定句或条件句中,意为“需要”。
—Need I finish the work today
—Yes,you must./No,you needn’t.
——我需要今天干完这项工作吗
——是的,你必须。/不用,你不必。
②needn’t意为“不必”,表示客观上不必做。
There’s plenty of time.You needn’t drive so fast.
时间很充足,你不必开这么快。
(2)做实义动词
need做实义动词时,后可接名词、动词-ing形式、动词不定式等,有人称、时态和数的变化。
The bike needs repairing.
=The bike needs to be repaired.
这辆自行车需要修理。
【即学即用】
用need或must完成句子
(1)那扇门需要粉刷一下。
The door .
(2)——他需要留在这儿吗
——是的,他必须。/不,他不必。
— he stay here
—Yes,he ./No,he .
needs painting/ to be painted
Need
must
needn’t
8.have to的用法
(1)have to“不得不”,有时态、人称和数的变化,其否定形式为don’t/doesn’t/didn’t have to。
It’s too late.I have to go home now. 天色太晚了,我现在得回家了。
You don’t have to finish the work now. 你现在没有必要完成这项工作。
(2)have to表示一种客观的需要,而must表示一种主观的需要。此外,must还表示“偏要”“硬要”的意思。
I have to attend an important meeting this afternoon.
今天下午我不得不参加一个重要的会议。
You must obey the rules of your school.
你必须遵守你们学校的规则。
【即学即用】
用have to和must完成句子
(1)我每周必须与我的合伙人碰一次头。
I once a week.
(2)星期天我们不用去上学。
We on Sundays.
(3)我偏要给经理写封信。
I to the manager.
have to meet my partner
don’t have to go to school
must write a letter
9.情态动词+have done
“情态动词+have done”表示对过去事情的推测。各情态动词的这种具体用法如下表:
can/could have done (1)过去可能做了(表示推测)
(2)本能做而未做(表示虚拟)
should/ought to have done 本该做而未做
may/might have done (1)过去也许做了(表示推测)
(2)本可能做而未做(表示虚拟)
must have done 一定已经做了
needn’t have done 本不必做而做了
They could have finished the project successfully.
他们本来能成功完成这个项目的。
You should have told me earlier or I might have gone with them.
你本应该早点告诉我,不然的话我就会和他们一起去了。
From what you said,we must have read the same report.
从你所说的来看,我们一定是看了同一份报告。
【即学即用】
用“情态动词+have done”完成句子
(1)他们一定去过长城,不是吗
They to the Great Wall,haven’t they
(2)昨天晚上他不可能看电视,因为他知道就要考试了。
He TV last night,for he knew he would have a test.
(3)本来他能够通过考试,但是他太粗心了。
He the exam,but he was too careless.
must have been
can’t/couldn’t have watched
could have passed
过去将来时
知识脉络
语法精讲
一、定义
过去将来时表示在过去某一时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态。过去将来时常用在主句谓语动词为过去时态的宾语从句中。过去将来时句子中有时包含时间状语the next day,soon等。
二、构成
1.would+动词原形
They said the letter inside would explain what it was all about.
他们说里面的信会解释所有的事情。
2.was/were going to+动词原形
I was told that he was going to return home.
有人告诉我他准备回家。
3.was/were about to+动词原形
Mrs Thomson was about to sit down to watch the opera when her phone rang.
汤姆森夫人刚要坐下看剧的时候,她的电话响了。
【即学即用】
用所给单词的适当形式填空
(1)He said he (come) to see me.
(2)I was told that he (return) home.
would come/was going to come
would return/was going to return
随堂练习
一、用适当的情态动词填空
1.I come to the party with you,but I am not sure.
答案:may
2.It is strange that such a gentleman be so rude to a lady.
答案:should
3.Tom comes from Australia;he speak English very well.
答案:can
4.If you pass the driving test,you get a new car.
答案:can;shall
5.Don’t worry.I support you forever.
答案:shall/will
6.You try telephoning Mr Smith;he be home now.
答案:can;should/may
7.We never talk about that subject again.
答案:will
二、完成句子
1.You (本应该做) more exercise before.
答案:should have done
2.You (禁止抽烟) in the hospital.
答案:mustn’t smoke
3.You (不必买) a gift,but you can if you want to.
答案:needn’t buy
4.It’s dark.I (必须走) at once.
答案:have to go
5.The professor said that he (将做) a lecture in the hall.
答案:was going to give