高考英语二轮复习专项1名词与数词课件
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专项1 名词与数词
语言基础板块 语法与写作
单句语法填空
Ⅰ单句语法填空
1．As the sun begins to set，the aroma(香气) of sizzling meat fills the air and draws in more hungry _____________ (customer).
2．Over the past decade, more than 4，500 teachers across the country have been awarded at the national level for their professionalism and_____________(devote) to education.
3. Seal cutting or zhuanke in Chinese is a comparatively independent traditional art form. It takes Chinese characters as its form
customers
devotion
Ⅰ单句语法填空
of_______________ (express), using carving knives instead of the writing brushes, and stone instead of paper.
4．Since its founding in 2004, the cultural fair has seen a continuous_____________ (expand) in its exhibition scale, visitor number and degree of internationalization.
5．The competition for entrance to these projects is keen, so applicants need above－average grades to gain ______________(admit).
expression
expansion
admission
Ⅰ单句语法填空
6．It is obvious that an equal _______________(distribute) of the educational resources is what the public need badly nowadays.
7．Once the brush movement hesitates, a black mark is created, so speed, _____________(strong) and agility(敏捷) are the essence of fine artworks.
8．He goes to the ____________(barber) to have his hair cut every month.
9．On such a brilliant and marvelous night, the_______________ (participate) are overjoyed at the grand spectacle and the atmosphere of celebration.
distribution
strength
barber's
participants
Ⅰ单句语法填空
10．The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Carson's theme is a more weighty ______________(warn) about environmental destruction.
11．Before the _______________(prohibit) of mining started, a series of activities had damaged its ecosystem.However，Wang was optimistic that the damage could be repaired.
12．It was unclear to researchers whether _________________(employ) caused poor health or whether poor health led to job loss.
warning
prohibition
unemployment
Ⅰ单句语法填空
13．The company(伙伴) one keeps influences how successful they are, indicating one should have great _________________(discriminate) in the choice of friends.
14．Days before my _______________(depart) for Shanghai, my cousin made the prediction without the slightest bit of irony，“You'll fall in love with China.”
15．The knowledge and skills the trainees have learned can help them make a clear ______________(distinct) between right and wrong.
discrimination
departure
distinction
Ⅰ单句语法填空
16．Success comes to those who are willing to risk making mistakes in the ____________(pursue) of their goals and ambitions, and who are able to learn from mistakes.
17．The health of garden plants depends on the soil ________________(compose)—the proper balance of mineral pieces, organic matter, air and water.
18．Athletes bring great happiness to people all over the world with their ____________(attempt) to push the boundaries of human achievements.
pursuit
composition
attempts
Ⅰ单句语法填空
19．I recommend him without ______________(reserve), as I believe you will appreciate his ability to learn.
20．More specific and less subjective_____________(criterion) should be used in selecting people for promotion within the company.
21．When he was in his _________(fifty), he became interested in science.
22．According to a survey, on average, women do two ___________(three) of the housework and three fourths of the childcare.
reservation
criteria
fifties
thirds
Ⅰ单句语法填空
23．Whaling(捕鲸) was a primary industry in Australia in the nineteenth and early ______________(twenty) centuries but whaling in Australia was limited in 1987.
24．To give students more chances to practice English, the teacher has the students sit in twos and ___________(three).
25．Because of the humid climate in Liuzhou, people tend to lose their appetite, but the spicy and sour taste stimulates ____________(people) appetite.
twentieth
threes
people's
名词与写作
Ⅱ 名词与写作
一、“使用名词”——英文水平的重要指标之一
1．请看以下翻译：
(1)她年轻时很漂亮。①She was beautiful when she was young.②She was a beauty in her youth.
(2)悲伤深深地刻在她的脸上。①She was sad.②Sadness was etched on her face.
☆英语重名词，显然，英文翻译中的句式②更体现出“名词的美”。
Ⅱ 名词与写作
2．走近高考题：
(1)你若能遵守中国的餐桌礼仪，你一定会深受欢迎。
Your observance of Chinese table manners will earn you great popularity.
(2)你对这部短片的批评反映的恰是你的真诚。
Your criticism of this short film signals nothing but your sincerity.
(3)运动项目不断多样化，这极大地鼓励了同学们去参与运动。
The increase of sports' diversity greatly encouraged students' involvement
Ⅱ 名词与写作
in physical activities.
☆如果你能写出上面的英文句子，那么你得高分自不在话下。
Ⅱ 名词与写作
二、“善用名词”——高阶英文的特征之一
1．提升名词质量，提高句子档次
(1)His ___________(代替not attending) from school this morning angered his parents.
(2)Our____________(代替not knowing) about the distant past also makes it difficult to identify great men.
(3)As is known to us，it is a fine tradition for us Chinese to show respect
absence
ignorance
Ⅱ 名词与写作
for ____________________________(代替old people).
(4)The course offers ______________________________________(代替all kinds of) exciting possibilities of developing your skills.
(5)We are supposed to adopt _______________________________(代替a proper way of) protecting us from the terrible virus.
(6)He is ________________(代替difficult to get along with). I don't think he'll satisfy our demands.
senior citizens/the elderly
a wide range of /a variety of
an appropriate approach to
a hard nut
Ⅱ 名词与写作
2．运用抽象名词，美化平淡句式
(1)Hearing the news that he had won first prize, he was every excited.
→The news that he had won first prize filled him with great _______________．
(2)He lacks experience, so he is at a disadvantage compared to other employees.
→A _______ of experience puts him at a disadvantage compared to other employees.
excitement
lack
Ⅱ 名词与写作
(3)If you compare the two ways of life carefully, you will find the former is superior to the latter.
→Careful ________________ of the two ways of life will show the superiority of the former over the latter.
(4)It was not until this moment that I felt calm, but soon it went away, because we realized we were lost.
→It was not until this moment that _____________ found me, but soon it went away, because we realized we were lost.
comparison
calmness
Ⅱ 名词与写作
(5)It is totally impossible for us to accomplish the task when the time is so limited.
→It is a blank_________________ for us to accomplish the task in such a short space of time.
impossibility
Ⅱ 名词与写作
3．巧用名词短语，延展句子广度
(1)___________________________________ sits casually beside a lamp which is glowing in the dark.
一把舒适的蓝色大椅子随意地放在一盏在黑暗中发光的灯旁边。
(2)_________________________________________ somehow surprised and scared my horse, sending it into a wide run.
不知怎么的，这个小家伙的出现让我的马大吃一惊，把它吓得撒腿就跑。
A comfortable large blue chair
The appearance of this little creature
Ⅱ 名词与写作
(3)The_____________________ of the jet planes pulled my mind back to reality.
看到喷气式飞机，听见隆隆的飞机声，我的思绪回到了现实中。
(4)A __________ through his office window offers a panoramic view of the beautiful park.
从他的办公室窗户望去，美丽的公园尽收眼底。
(5)Children's absorption in screens is____________________________ in modern parenting.
sight and sound
glance
a real source of trouble
Ⅱ 名词与写作
孩子们对屏幕的沉迷是现代育儿的一个真正的麻烦来源。
(6)Sarah Brown was showing_________________________， sighing and checking her watch every few seconds.
萨拉·布朗显出不耐烦的样子，她叹气，每隔几秒钟就看一次手表。
(7) This fantastic journey is________________________to expand our knowledge of ancient history and _________________________to feel the charm of Chinese traditions.
a look of impatience
a wonderful chance
a precious experience
Ⅱ 名词与写作
这个精彩的旅行是一个很好的机会来更多地了解古代历史，也是一次感受中国传统魅力的宝贵经历。
Ⅱ 名词与写作
三、多用名词，多赏美句
(1)Pride comes before a fall. 骄傲使人落后。
(2)We wish you both health and prosperity. 我们祝你身体健康，事业兴旺。
(3)This inspirational book is a series of useful lessons for everyday challenges and a path to the life wisdom.
这本鼓舞人心的书是一系列应对日常挑战的有用经验，也是一条通往
Ⅱ 名词与写作
人生智慧的道路。
(4)Protecting traditional Chinese culture is of great importance to China's cultural diversity, economic prosperity, and social development. 保护中国传统文化对中国文化多样性、经济繁荣和社会发展具有重要意义。
(5)With the National College Entrance Examination around the corner, I was so nervous and in low spirits. I was afraid of letting my parents down because of my average academic performance.
Ⅱ 名词与写作
随着高考的临近，我很紧张，情绪低落。因为我的学习成绩一般，我害怕让父母失望。
(6)Suddenly, a beam of light penetrated the darkness and caught me, which undoubtedly kindled a spark of excitement inside me.
突然，一束光穿过黑暗，照在我身上，这无疑点燃了我内心兴奋的火花。
语法填空
Ⅲ 语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. Grain Buds is the 1.__________ (eight) solar term of a year. It means that the seeds from grain are becoming full but are not ripe. The 24 solar terms 2.___________________(create) thousands of years ago to guide agricultural production. But the solar term culture is still useful today to guide people's lives through special foods, 3.___________(culture) ceremonies, gardening and even healthy living tips that correspond
eighth
were created
cultural
Ⅲ 语法填空
4.__________ each solar term. During the Grain Buds period, the summer harvest is about to begin. A saying about rain during this time mentions, “A heavy rainfall makes the river full.” Because of the great increase in rainfall, rivers are full of water, which makes fish and shrimps big and fat. This is a good time 5.____________ (eat) fish and shrimps. It is also 6._____harvest season for fishermen. A Chinese farmer proverb says, “Mulberries become black during the Grain Buds period.” Thus it is a good season to eat mulberries. This time is a good period for the quick
with/to
to eat
a
Ⅲ 语法填空
7._____________(grow) of flowers. It is also a season 8._________ plant diseases and pests are at an all－time high. High temperatures and humidity are common during the Grain Buds period. The increase in temperature over this season may also give rise to nettle rash, spots and other skin 9.___________ (disease). It is also important to exercise to keep healthy during the hot summer days. Walking, 10.____________(jog) and practicing tai chi are popular.
growth
when
diseases
jogging
Ⅲ 语法填空
【文本大意】文章主要介绍了中国传统的二十四节气之一——小满，包括它的含义、起源及其对农业、饮食、健康生活等方面的影响。
1．eighth 考查数词。句意：小满是一年中的第八个节气。此处应使用序数词eighth，表示“第八”。故填eighth。
2．were created 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：二十四节气是几千年前为指导农业生产而创建的。根据时间状语thousands of years ago可知，此处时态用一般过去时；二十四节气是被创建，因此用被动语态；主语为The 24 solar terms，因此谓语动词用复数形式。故填were created。
Ⅲ 语法填空
3．cultural 考查形容词。句意：但是节气文化今天仍然有用，通过与每个节气相对应的特殊食物、文化仪式、园艺甚至健康生活技巧来指导人们的生活。本空应用形容词cultural“文化的”，作定语，修饰名词ceremonies。故填cultural。
4．with/to 考查介词。句意同上。correspond with/to为固定短语，意为“符合……，与……相对应”。故填with或to。
5．to eat 考查非谓语动词。句意：这是吃鱼和虾的好时机。It is a good time to do sth.为固定句型，意为“是做某事的好时机。”，其中It是
Ⅲ 语法填空
形式主语，真正的主语是不定式。故填to eat。
6．a 考查冠词。句意：对渔民来说，这也是一个丰收的季节。此处泛指“一个丰收的季节”，且harvest以辅音音素开头，其前应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
7．growth 考查名词。句意：这段时间是花快速生长的好时期。此处应填名词growth，作for的宾语，growth意为“生长”，为不可数名词。故填growth。
Ⅲ 语法填空
8．when 考查定语从句。句意：它也是植物病虫害达到高峰的季节。分析句子结构可知，先行词为season，所填词引导定语从句，且在定语从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导。故填when。
9．diseases 考查名词的数。句意：在这个季节，温度的升高还可能引发荨麻疹、疱疹和其他皮肤病。根据空前nettle rash, spots and other可知，此处disease“疾病”应用复数形式。故填diseases。
10．jogging 考查非谓语动词。句意：散步、慢跑和练太极很受欢迎。本空用动名词jogging，与walking和practicing并列，作主语。故填jogging。
专项1 名词与数词
语言基础板块 语法与写作
单句语法填空
Ⅰ单句语法填空
1．As the sun begins to set，the aroma(香气) of sizzling meat fills the air and draws in more hungry _____________ (customer).
2．Over the past decade, more than 4，500 teachers across the country have been awarded at the national level for their professionalism and_____________(devote) to education.
3. Seal cutting or zhuanke in Chinese is a comparatively independent traditional art form. It takes Chinese characters as its form
customers
devotion
Ⅰ单句语法填空
of_______________ (express), using carving knives instead of the writing brushes, and stone instead of paper.
4．Since its founding in 2004, the cultural fair has seen a continuous_____________ (expand) in its exhibition scale, visitor number and degree of internationalization.
5．The competition for entrance to these projects is keen, so applicants need above－average grades to gain ______________(admit).
expression
expansion
admission
Ⅰ单句语法填空
6．It is obvious that an equal _______________(distribute) of the educational resources is what the public need badly nowadays.
7．Once the brush movement hesitates, a black mark is created, so speed, _____________(strong) and agility(敏捷) are the essence of fine artworks.
8．He goes to the ____________(barber) to have his hair cut every month.
9．On such a brilliant and marvelous night, the_______________ (participate) are overjoyed at the grand spectacle and the atmosphere of celebration.
distribution
strength
barber's
participants
Ⅰ单句语法填空
10．The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Carson's theme is a more weighty ______________(warn) about environmental destruction.
11．Before the _______________(prohibit) of mining started, a series of activities had damaged its ecosystem.However，Wang was optimistic that the damage could be repaired.
12．It was unclear to researchers whether _________________(employ) caused poor health or whether poor health led to job loss.
warning
prohibition
unemployment
Ⅰ单句语法填空
13．The company(伙伴) one keeps influences how successful they are, indicating one should have great _________________(discriminate) in the choice of friends.
14．Days before my _______________(depart) for Shanghai, my cousin made the prediction without the slightest bit of irony，“You'll fall in love with China.”
15．The knowledge and skills the trainees have learned can help them make a clear ______________(distinct) between right and wrong.
discrimination
departure
distinction
Ⅰ单句语法填空
16．Success comes to those who are willing to risk making mistakes in the ____________(pursue) of their goals and ambitions, and who are able to learn from mistakes.
17．The health of garden plants depends on the soil ________________(compose)—the proper balance of mineral pieces, organic matter, air and water.
18．Athletes bring great happiness to people all over the world with their ____________(attempt) to push the boundaries of human achievements.
pursuit
composition
attempts
Ⅰ单句语法填空
19．I recommend him without ______________(reserve), as I believe you will appreciate his ability to learn.
20．More specific and less subjective_____________(criterion) should be used in selecting people for promotion within the company.
21．When he was in his _________(fifty), he became interested in science.
22．According to a survey, on average, women do two ___________(three) of the housework and three fourths of the childcare.
reservation
criteria
fifties
thirds
Ⅰ单句语法填空
23．Whaling(捕鲸) was a primary industry in Australia in the nineteenth and early ______________(twenty) centuries but whaling in Australia was limited in 1987.
24．To give students more chances to practice English, the teacher has the students sit in twos and ___________(three).
25．Because of the humid climate in Liuzhou, people tend to lose their appetite, but the spicy and sour taste stimulates ____________(people) appetite.
twentieth
threes
people's
名词与写作
Ⅱ 名词与写作
一、“使用名词”——英文水平的重要指标之一
1．请看以下翻译：
(1)她年轻时很漂亮。①She was beautiful when she was young.②She was a beauty in her youth.
(2)悲伤深深地刻在她的脸上。①She was sad.②Sadness was etched on her face.
☆英语重名词，显然，英文翻译中的句式②更体现出“名词的美”。
Ⅱ 名词与写作
2．走近高考题：
(1)你若能遵守中国的餐桌礼仪，你一定会深受欢迎。
Your observance of Chinese table manners will earn you great popularity.
(2)你对这部短片的批评反映的恰是你的真诚。
Your criticism of this short film signals nothing but your sincerity.
(3)运动项目不断多样化，这极大地鼓励了同学们去参与运动。
The increase of sports' diversity greatly encouraged students' involvement
Ⅱ 名词与写作
in physical activities.
☆如果你能写出上面的英文句子，那么你得高分自不在话下。
Ⅱ 名词与写作
二、“善用名词”——高阶英文的特征之一
1．提升名词质量，提高句子档次
(1)His ___________(代替not attending) from school this morning angered his parents.
(2)Our____________(代替not knowing) about the distant past also makes it difficult to identify great men.
(3)As is known to us，it is a fine tradition for us Chinese to show respect
absence
ignorance
Ⅱ 名词与写作
for ____________________________(代替old people).
(4)The course offers ______________________________________(代替all kinds of) exciting possibilities of developing your skills.
(5)We are supposed to adopt _______________________________(代替a proper way of) protecting us from the terrible virus.
(6)He is ________________(代替difficult to get along with). I don't think he'll satisfy our demands.
senior citizens/the elderly
a wide range of /a variety of
an appropriate approach to
a hard nut
Ⅱ 名词与写作
2．运用抽象名词，美化平淡句式
(1)Hearing the news that he had won first prize, he was every excited.
→The news that he had won first prize filled him with great _______________．
(2)He lacks experience, so he is at a disadvantage compared to other employees.
→A _______ of experience puts him at a disadvantage compared to other employees.
excitement
lack
Ⅱ 名词与写作
(3)If you compare the two ways of life carefully, you will find the former is superior to the latter.
→Careful ________________ of the two ways of life will show the superiority of the former over the latter.
(4)It was not until this moment that I felt calm, but soon it went away, because we realized we were lost.
→It was not until this moment that _____________ found me, but soon it went away, because we realized we were lost.
comparison
calmness
Ⅱ 名词与写作
(5)It is totally impossible for us to accomplish the task when the time is so limited.
→It is a blank_________________ for us to accomplish the task in such a short space of time.
impossibility
Ⅱ 名词与写作
3．巧用名词短语，延展句子广度
(1)___________________________________ sits casually beside a lamp which is glowing in the dark.
一把舒适的蓝色大椅子随意地放在一盏在黑暗中发光的灯旁边。
(2)_________________________________________ somehow surprised and scared my horse, sending it into a wide run.
不知怎么的，这个小家伙的出现让我的马大吃一惊，把它吓得撒腿就跑。
A comfortable large blue chair
The appearance of this little creature
Ⅱ 名词与写作
(3)The_____________________ of the jet planes pulled my mind back to reality.
看到喷气式飞机，听见隆隆的飞机声，我的思绪回到了现实中。
(4)A __________ through his office window offers a panoramic view of the beautiful park.
从他的办公室窗户望去，美丽的公园尽收眼底。
(5)Children's absorption in screens is____________________________ in modern parenting.
sight and sound
glance
a real source of trouble
Ⅱ 名词与写作
孩子们对屏幕的沉迷是现代育儿的一个真正的麻烦来源。
(6)Sarah Brown was showing_________________________， sighing and checking her watch every few seconds.
萨拉·布朗显出不耐烦的样子，她叹气，每隔几秒钟就看一次手表。
(7) This fantastic journey is________________________to expand our knowledge of ancient history and _________________________to feel the charm of Chinese traditions.
a look of impatience
a wonderful chance
a precious experience
Ⅱ 名词与写作
这个精彩的旅行是一个很好的机会来更多地了解古代历史，也是一次感受中国传统魅力的宝贵经历。
Ⅱ 名词与写作
三、多用名词，多赏美句
(1)Pride comes before a fall. 骄傲使人落后。
(2)We wish you both health and prosperity. 我们祝你身体健康，事业兴旺。
(3)This inspirational book is a series of useful lessons for everyday challenges and a path to the life wisdom.
这本鼓舞人心的书是一系列应对日常挑战的有用经验，也是一条通往
Ⅱ 名词与写作
人生智慧的道路。
(4)Protecting traditional Chinese culture is of great importance to China's cultural diversity, economic prosperity, and social development. 保护中国传统文化对中国文化多样性、经济繁荣和社会发展具有重要意义。
(5)With the National College Entrance Examination around the corner, I was so nervous and in low spirits. I was afraid of letting my parents down because of my average academic performance.
Ⅱ 名词与写作
随着高考的临近，我很紧张，情绪低落。因为我的学习成绩一般，我害怕让父母失望。
(6)Suddenly, a beam of light penetrated the darkness and caught me, which undoubtedly kindled a spark of excitement inside me.
突然，一束光穿过黑暗，照在我身上，这无疑点燃了我内心兴奋的火花。
语法填空
Ⅲ 语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. Grain Buds is the 1.__________ (eight) solar term of a year. It means that the seeds from grain are becoming full but are not ripe. The 24 solar terms 2.___________________(create) thousands of years ago to guide agricultural production. But the solar term culture is still useful today to guide people's lives through special foods, 3.___________(culture) ceremonies, gardening and even healthy living tips that correspond
eighth
were created
cultural
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4.__________ each solar term. During the Grain Buds period, the summer harvest is about to begin. A saying about rain during this time mentions, “A heavy rainfall makes the river full.” Because of the great increase in rainfall, rivers are full of water, which makes fish and shrimps big and fat. This is a good time 5.____________ (eat) fish and shrimps. It is also 6._____harvest season for fishermen. A Chinese farmer proverb says, “Mulberries become black during the Grain Buds period.” Thus it is a good season to eat mulberries. This time is a good period for the quick
with/to
to eat
a
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7._____________(grow) of flowers. It is also a season 8._________ plant diseases and pests are at an all－time high. High temperatures and humidity are common during the Grain Buds period. The increase in temperature over this season may also give rise to nettle rash, spots and other skin 9.___________ (disease). It is also important to exercise to keep healthy during the hot summer days. Walking, 10.____________(jog) and practicing tai chi are popular.
growth
when
diseases
jogging
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【文本大意】文章主要介绍了中国传统的二十四节气之一——小满，包括它的含义、起源及其对农业、饮食、健康生活等方面的影响。
1．eighth 考查数词。句意：小满是一年中的第八个节气。此处应使用序数词eighth，表示“第八”。故填eighth。
2．were created 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：二十四节气是几千年前为指导农业生产而创建的。根据时间状语thousands of years ago可知，此处时态用一般过去时；二十四节气是被创建，因此用被动语态；主语为The 24 solar terms，因此谓语动词用复数形式。故填were created。
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3．cultural 考查形容词。句意：但是节气文化今天仍然有用，通过与每个节气相对应的特殊食物、文化仪式、园艺甚至健康生活技巧来指导人们的生活。本空应用形容词cultural“文化的”，作定语，修饰名词ceremonies。故填cultural。
4．with/to 考查介词。句意同上。correspond with/to为固定短语，意为“符合……，与……相对应”。故填with或to。
5．to eat 考查非谓语动词。句意：这是吃鱼和虾的好时机。It is a good time to do sth.为固定句型，意为“是做某事的好时机。”，其中It是
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形式主语，真正的主语是不定式。故填to eat。
6．a 考查冠词。句意：对渔民来说，这也是一个丰收的季节。此处泛指“一个丰收的季节”，且harvest以辅音音素开头，其前应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
7．growth 考查名词。句意：这段时间是花快速生长的好时期。此处应填名词growth，作for的宾语，growth意为“生长”，为不可数名词。故填growth。
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8．when 考查定语从句。句意：它也是植物病虫害达到高峰的季节。分析句子结构可知，先行词为season，所填词引导定语从句，且在定语从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导。故填when。
9．diseases 考查名词的数。句意：在这个季节，温度的升高还可能引发荨麻疹、疱疹和其他皮肤病。根据空前nettle rash, spots and other可知，此处disease“疾病”应用复数形式。故填diseases。
10．jogging 考查非谓语动词。句意：散步、慢跑和练太极很受欢迎。本空用动名词jogging，与walking和practicing并列，作主语。故填jogging。