（单元培优卷）Unit 1 Great explorations 单元综合素养培优卷-2025 - 2026学年九年级英语下册沪教牛津版(深圳.广州)（含答案解析）
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| 名称 | （单元培优卷）Unit 1 Great explorations 单元综合素养培优卷-2025 - 2026学年九年级英语下册沪教牛津版(深圳.广州)（含答案解析） |
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| 更新时间 | 2026-03-05 00:00:00 | ||
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/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
2025 - 2026学年九年级英语下册单元综合素养培优卷沪教牛津版
Unit 1 Great explorations
注意事项
1. 全卷满分120分。考试时间120分钟。试题包含选择题和非选择题。考生答题全部答在指定区域，答在非答题区无效。
2. 请认真核对监考教师在所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符，再将自己的姓名、考试证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在本试卷上。
3. 答选择题必须用2B铅笔将对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在指定位置，在其他位置答题一律无效 。
第一部分 选择题（满分：60分）
一、单项选择（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
1．—How many ________ are there in your family
—Three. My parents and I.
A．people B．person C．child D．children
2．Our volunteers plan to ________ a new reading club in our school to help students love reading.
A．divide up B．set up C．push up D．use up
3． He is ________ tired ________ he can’t keep working.
A．so; that B．such; that C．too; to D．enough; to
4．All the teachers think that he is _________ good storyteller _________ he will be a good writer in the future.
A．so, that B．such a, that C．so a, that D．quite a, that
5．Many viewers highly praise the film Ne Zha 2 because of the amazing scenes ______ the valuable spirit of the character Nezha.
A．as well as B．as good as C．as long as D．as soon as
6．The TV play Journey to the West is ________ interesting ________ I would like to watch it again.
A．such; that B．too; to C．so; that D．too; that
7．It is ________ a beautiful garden ________ we like to play in it.
A．so, that B．too, to C．very, that D．such, that
8．Steven decided to clean up the city parks with other volunteers on Earth Day.
A．found out B．made up his mind C．took the place D．set up
9．At the beginning of every semester, the education of ________ is always emphasized (强调) to help teachers and students live peacefully.
A．development B．safety C．achievement D．success
10．—Although Mr Wang is a man of great ________, he never wastes money on expensive clothes.
—So smart!
A．courage B．influence C．talent D．wealth
11．—After long discussions, China and the US finally reached a new ________ on tariffs (关税) .
—This will help improve international trade relations.
A．agreement B．trade C．price D．product
12．We might send nanobots (tiny robots) to different parts of the body, to help doctors ________ illnesses better.
A．afford B．offer C．treat D．develop
13．The little girl is _______ lovely _______ everyone likes her.
A．such; that B．too; to C．so; that D．enough; to
14．—_______ fine day it is today!
—Yes, the sunshine is _______ beautiful that I’d like to go swimming in the sea.
A．What a; such B．How; such C．How a; so D．What a; so
15．It was already nine o’clock when she finally ________ at the party.
A．gave away B．showed up C．set up D．threw away
二、完形填空（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
Joan was very good at science when she was at school, and she was 16 interested in computers, so when she finished her education she began to work with them.
She 17 the work very much in the office she did, and soon she was able to do unusually 18 things with computers.
“They’re really like 19 to me now,” Joan told her mother one evening during supper. “I can ask questions, and they answer just like people, but more politely and without 20 , and you don’t have to wonder 21 one is going to hurt their feelings. And they never lie!”
“I don’t 22 so,” her mother answered. “It sounds like the 23 companion or the husband, doesn’t it ” They both laughed. “But can 24 of them think by themselves ”
“I’m afraid not,” Joan said. “You can get 25 more out of them than what you’ve put in. It’s called 26 . But it’s wonderful what you can get them to 27 .”
“Well,” Joan’s mother said, “I’m to know whether you can programme one of them to give me some .”
“I hope so,” answered Joan, “I’ll try it out. What do you want the advice about ”
“Well,” her mother , “ask it what my son-in-law will be like.”
Their laughter burst out again.
16．A．obviously B．constantly C．especially D．finally
17．A．admired B．enjoyed C．worshipped D．cared
18．A．clever B．ordinary C．funny D．necessary
19．A．advisors B．directors C．friends D．doctors
20．A．discussing B．arguing C．quarrelling D．thinking
21．A．whether B．how C．why D．unless
22．A．believe B．work C．think D．dream
23．A．pleasant B．satisfied C．only D．perfect
24．A．some B．both C．one D．any
25．A．much B．no C．many D．any
26．A．programming B．managing C．operating D．working
27．A．find B．answer C．do D．tell
28．A．lucky B．anxious C．serious D．curious
29．A．answers B．advice C．help D．conclusion
30．A．swept B．cried C．shouted D．smiled
三、阅读单选（本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分）
（A）
On May 24, 1869 on the Green River, ten men were putting bags into four small boats. They were about to leave for a dangerous, exciting exploration along the great Colorado River. The leader of the group was John Wesley Powell.
Powell wrote in his diary, “The good people of Green River City turn out to see us start. We raise our little flag, push the boats from coast, and the water carries us down. ”
So John Wesley Powell’s story of his trip began on the river. The trip was just as dangerous as expected. The rivers were filled with rocks and waterfalls. Sometimes, the boats turned over and one of them even broke into two against a big rock. The explorers suffered from the hot Sun and cold rain. They lost many of their things. But they went on.
On August 13th, 1869, they reached the mouth of the Grand Canyon (大峡谷). Situation became so bad that three of the men left to try to reach the land. Two days later, the rest of the group sailed out of the danger of the Grand Canyon.
It was one of the greatest trips in the history of North America. He and his men were the first whites to travel in that area. Until then, the land had been known only to Indians who said others could not be successful to get there. But John Wesley Powell believed it could. And he believed it would provide wealth and valuable information about that part of America.
The story of the brave explorers was introduced in newspapers all over the country. John Wesley Powell became famous. Powell explorations led to the birth of the United States Geological Survey (地质调查局) in 1879.
31．John Wesley Powell's group went for the exploration_____________.
A．on foot B．by land C．by plane D．by water
32．The trip was dangerous because of the______________
A．strong wind B．rocks and waterfalls C．cold rain D．hot Sun
33．It took them about________ month(s) to get to the Grand Canyon.
A．one B．three C．five D．seven
34．Powell thought_____________.
A．they couldn't reach the dangerous area
B．the Indians couldn't get to the area
C．they could be successful in getting to the area
D．the Indians would help them get there
35．Which of the following is true according to the passage
A．Powell wanted to get wealth and information from the trip.
B．All the men succeeded in coming back from the trip.
C．Powell created the United States Geological Survey in 1879.
D．Powell and his men were the first men to find the Colorado River.
（B）
Xia Boyu, 70, is the first Chinese double amputee(被截肢者) to have reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, the highest mountain in the world, Du Juan reports.
On May 14, 2018, Xia, who is the same age as the People’s Republic of China, made his dream come true by reaching the top of Qomolangma(Mount Everest) seven days after leaving Base Camp on the Nepal side of the mountain.
Success didn’t come easy. He had failed to reach the 8,844-meter peak four times before becoming one of the few double amputees to reach the top of the world.
The first climb by a Chinese team to the peak of Qomolangma was in 1960. Xia, who was born in Chongqing in 1949, was chosen by the Chinese mountaineering team in 1974. In 1975, the second mountaineering team set off. All the teammates finally reached the top, but Xia suffered bad frostbite(冻伤) in his legs, which had to be amputated at the knees.
“It’s beyond imagination how difficult it was to accept the fact that I would suddenly become a disabled person.” Xia recalls. “I could not imagine a fixture of sitting in a wheelchair, perhaps forever ”
When a doctor told him that with artificial limbs(义肢) he could live a normal life like anyone else, and he would even be able to do a lot of physical exercise, his hopes rose and he made up his mind to climb Qomolangma again.
To prepare for his fifth attempt(尝试) on Qomolangma, every day he got up at five in the morning and completed 90 minutes of strength training at home. On Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays he would ride a bike to Fragrant Hills, 30 kilometers from his home, walk to the top and then ride back home. On Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays, he completed 10 km of speed walking.
“Without targets, people lose direction,” Xia says. “So I will keep climbing and contributing in more ways to society.”
36．Which is the correct order according to the passage
a. Xia had to be amputated at the knees immediately after the climb.
b. Xia joined the Chinese Mountaineering team.
c. Xia made his dream come true by reaching the top of Qomolangma.
d. Xia tried four times but failed, so he prepared for the fifth.
e. Chinese team set for the first climb to the top of Qomolangma.
A．e-b-d-c-a B．b-a-e-c-d C．b-e-a-d-c D．e-b-a-d-c
37．What do we know from the passage
A．Xia was 29 when he first climbed Qomolangma.
B．Xia was 72 when he made his dream come true.
C．The Base Camp lay on the Chinese side of the mountain.
D．Xia reached the top of the world in 2018.
38．We can learn all the following EXCEPT that ________.
A．Xia felt it unimaginable to be sitting in a wheelchair all his life
B．Xia lost hope after a doctor explained about his artificial limbs
C．it took Xia a long time to make full preparations for his fifth attempt
D．Xia had failed to reach the peak four times before his fifth attempt
39．What can replace the underlined word “targets” in the last paragraph
A．plans B．aims C．will D．hopes
40．What is the passage most probably taken from
A．TV interview B．Travel journal C．Advertisement D．Short story
（C）
Helen Thayer, one of the greatest explorers of the 20th century, loves challenges. She says,“I like to see what’s on the other side of the hill she has gone almost everywhere to do that.
In 1988, at the age of 50 ,she became the first woman to travel alone to the North Pole. She pulled her own sled (雪橇) with 160 pounds of supplies, and during her trip no one brought her fresh supplies. Accompanied only by her dog Charlie, she survived cold weather and meetings with polar bears. In fact, Charlie saved her life when one of them attacked her. Near the end of her trip. a strong wind blew away most of her supplies. The last week of the trip, she survived on a little food and water each day.
Helen goes to challenging places not only for adventure, but also for education. Before her Arctic journey, she started a website called Adventure Classroom. On the site, she shares her adventures in order to encourage students. She explains. “Although kids often see the world in anegativeway, without hope for their future, we work to encourage them to set goals, plan for success and never give up …” Helen grew up in New Zealand. Her parents were athletes and mountain-climbers. Following her parents’ example, she climbed her first mountain at nine. Later she climbed the highest mountains in North and South America, the former USSR and New Zealand.
In 1996, she took on another challenge-the Sahara Desert. She and her husband, Bill, walked 2,400 miles across it! In 2001 , she and Bill travelled on foot from west to east through the Gobi Desert in Mongolia. They hope to travel in mainland China into Sichuan and Xizang to study pandas next time.
Helen plans to continue taking trips. She’ll use her drawings, writing, photography and environmental work to create programs for herAdventure Classroom website. She wants to encourage her students never to stop facing challenges!
41．What happened to Helen Thayer during the trip to the North Pole
A．She caught a bad cold. B．She was attacked by a polar bear.
C．Her dog Charlie was badly hurt. D．She lost all her food.
42．The underlined word“negative” in Paragraph 3 means “________” in Chinese.
A．乐观的 B．相似的 C．普通的 D．消极的
43．Which place hasn’t Helen Thayer been to in this article
A．Xizang. B．New Zealand. C．South America. D．The Sahara Desert.
44．Which of the following is true according to the article
A．Helen Thayer was the first woman to travel to the South Pole.
B．Helen Thayer started a website to teach children how to climb.
C．Helen Thayer climbed her first mountain when she was nine.
D．Helen and her husband travelled through the Gobi Desert in 1996.
45．What is the best title of this article
A．Helen Thayer and Her Dog.
B．Taking Trips in Dangerous Places.
C．Adventure Classroom — A Helpful Website.
D．Helen Thayer — A Great Explorer.
第二部分 非选择题（满分：60分）
四、词汇应用（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
46．Jack Ma, who is one of the _________ (wealth) people in the world, decides to work as a teacher in a university.
47．We should learn to keep up with the rapid ________ (develop) of society, or we will be left behind.
48．The ________ (discover) of the ancient city is amazing.
49．Pop culture has played an important role in ________ (spread) Chinese culture.
50．Holly was so ________ (excite) that she couldn’t fall asleep before the competition.
51．People prepare for the holiday by making decorations with red and gold which represent luck, happiness and ________ (财富).
52．The chief engineer is considered to be the _________ (先锋) in the field of AI.
53．People may be surprised if they ________ their culture with others’. (比较)
54．Sleeping late can ________ (导致) poor sleep quality and influence memory and mood.
55．The two countries are looking forward to improving their ________. (关系)
五、完成句子（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
56．为了发展不同的旅游业，本次巡游展示了贵州旅游取得的新成果。
________ ________ different tourism, this parade showed Guizhou’s new travel achievements.
57．这出戏很受欢迎，昨晚半小时内票就卖光了。
The drama is ________ popular ________ its tickets were sold out within half an hour last night.
58．当李华听到这个好消息时，他兴奋得说不出话来。
Li Hua was_________ excited _________ he couldn’t say a word when he heard the good news.
59．它不仅节省时间，还可以改善人们的生活。
It not only saves time but also improves ____________.
60．她是如此有才华以至于她在她饰演的所有电影角色中都获得了成功。
She is ________ talented ________ she has succeeded in all the roles she played in her films.
六、短文语法填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）
请阅读下面语篇，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 (每空一词)。
During the Warring States Period (战国时期) , many states made changes to become stronger. One of the most 61 (success) changes was created by Shang Yang in Qin. Shang Yang worked out a set of 62 (plan). At first, these plans were not easily acceptable because people didn’t believe 63 him.
To solve this problem , Shang Yang came up with 64 idea. He ordered his men to put a thin 65 (wood) pole (木杆) at the south gate. Then he said anyone who took the pole to the north gate would receive 10 gold pieces. The task was so easy that nobody believed it was true. They all thought Shang Yang was joking. After seeing that, Shang Yang said he would offer 50 gold pieces to anyone who did it.
And 66 (final), a man wanted to have a try. He put the pole on his shoulder and walked 67 the north gate. To his surprise , Shang Yang paid him 50 gold pieces. The news spread across the capital. Soon, people were saying Shang Yang was a man of 68 (he) word. Then people 69 (follow) him without question. With his efforts, Qin 70 (become) the strongest of all the states.
七、材料作文（本大题共25分）
71．你是否曾因一个偶然的发现而心跳加速？或许一群蚂蚁的奇特路线，或是一道数学题的意外解法——正是这些看似微小的“好奇心瞬间”，点亮了人类文明的星空。好奇心的作用有很多，其中就包含可以使人勇敢。比如万户“飞天”。
提示：1. 核心观点：好奇心使人们勇敢。
2. 事例简述：万户；明朝先驱者；好奇宇宙；发明 “飞天椅”；测试时遇难；人们受启发，发明更安全的探索宇宙方式；
3. 简单感悟：分享你对好奇心的理解。
注意事项：
1. 短文词数：80词左右。
2. 短文必须包含以上内容，但可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
3. 文中不得出现真实的人名和地名。
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
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参考答案及试题解析
1．A
【解析】句意：——你家有几口人？——三口人。我的父母和我。
考查名词辨析。people人（复数）；person人（单数）；child孩子（单数）；children孩子（复数）。根据答语“Three. My parents and I.”可知，此处询问家庭总人数，且人数为三，应使用复数形式。people本身是集体名词，表示“人”时通常用作复数，符合语境。故选A。
2．B
【解析】句意：我们的志愿者计划在我们学校成立一个新的阅读俱乐部，以帮助学生热爱阅读。
考查动词短语辨析。divide up分配；set up建立，成立；push up提高，向上推；use up用完，耗尽。根据语境可知，此处是在说志愿者计划成立一个阅读俱乐部，“成立”对应的英文短语是set up。故选B。
3．A
【解析】句意：他如此累，以至于无法继续工作。
考查状语从句。so...that... 如此……以至于……；such...that... 如此……以至于……；too...to... 太……而不能……；enough...to... 足够……可以……。空格后是“he can’t keep working”是一个完整的句子，且“tired”是形容词，应用“so...that...”结构引导结果状语从句。故选A。
4．B
【解析】句意：所有老师都认为他是一个如此好的讲故事者以至于他将来会成为一个好作家。
考查结果状语从句。“such a/an + 形容词 + 名词 + that从句 / so + 形容词 + that从句”是固定用法，意为“如此……以至于……”，such...that引导结果状语从句。故选B。
5．A
【解析】句意：很多观众高度评价电影《哪吒2》，不仅因为其惊人的场景，还因为角色哪吒的宝贵精神。
考查短语辨析。as well as不仅……而且……，和；as good as和……一样好；as long as只要；as soon as一……就……。根据句意，此处表示并列原因，应用as well as。故选A。
6．C
【解析】句意：电视剧《西游记》如此有趣以至于我想再看一遍。
考查结果状语从句。根据句意可知此处表示“如此……以至于……”，应用“such/so…that”引导结果状语从句，“interesting”是形容词，应用副词“so”修饰。故选C。
7．D
【解析】句意：这是一个如此美丽的花园，以至于我们都喜欢在里面玩。
考查结果状语从句。so...that...如此……以至于……，so后接形容词或副词；too...to...太……而不能……；very...that...为错误表达；such...that...如此……以至于……，such后接名词或名词短语。根据语境及句子结构可知，此处是在描述花园如此美丽，以至于我们都喜欢在里面玩，且a beautiful garden为名词短语，所以应该用such...that...。故选D。
8．B
【解析】句意：Steven决定在地球日和其他志愿者一起清理城市公园。
考查动词短语。find out找出；make up one’s mind决定；take the place取代；set up建立。decide表示“决定”，与make up one’s mind意思相同。故选B。
9．B
【解析】句意：在每学期开始的时候，安全教育总是被强调，以帮助教师和学生平安地生活。
考查名词辨析。development发展；safety安全；achievement成就；success成功。根据“to help teachers and students live peacefully”可知，这里强调的是与安全相关的教育内容。故选B。
10．D
【解析】句意：——尽管王先生非常富有，但他从不把钱浪费在昂贵的衣服上。——真明智！
考查名词辨析。courage勇气；influence影响；talent才能；wealth财富。根据“he never wastes money on expensive clothes.”和although引导让步状语从句可知，尽管王先生非常富有，但他从不把钱浪费在昂贵的衣服上。故选D。
11．A
【解析】句意：——经过长时间讨论，中美最终就关税问题达成了新协议。——这将有助于改善国际贸易关系。
考查名词辨析。agreement协议；trade贸易；price价格；product产品。reach an agreement on “就……达成协议”。故选A。
12．C
【解析】句意：我们可能会将纳米机器人（微型机器人）发送到身体的不同部位，以帮助医生更好地治疗疾病。
考查动词辨析。afford负担得起；offer提供；treat治疗；develop发展。根据“help doctors...illness”可知是帮助医生治疗疾病。故选C。
13．C
【解析】句意：这个小女孩是如此可爱以至于大家都喜欢她。
考查so…that…引导结果状语从句。such...that...如此……以至于……，such后接名词；too…to…太……而不能……，too后接形容词或副词，to后接动词原形；so…that…如此……以至于……，so后接形容词或副词，that后接句子；enough…to…足够……做某事”，enough后接形容词或副词，to后接动词原形。根据题意可知，此句中lovely是形容词，that后接句子，所以，so lovely that everyone likes her表示“如此可爱以至于每个人都喜欢她”，“so…that…如此……以至于……”引导结果状语从句，符合题意。故选C。
14．D
【解析】句意：——今天天气真好！——是的，阳光如此明媚，我想去海里游泳。
考查感叹句和“so... that...”结构。第一空，这是一句感叹句，中心词“fine day”是名词短语，且day是可数名词单数，所以用“What a”引导感叹句；第二空“beautiful”是形容词，所以用“so... that...”表示“如此……以至于……”。故选D。
15．B
【解析】句意：当她最后在派对上露面的时候已经九点了。
考查动词短语辨析。gave away赠送；showed up露面；set up建立；threw away扔掉。根据“when she finally…at the party.”可知，当她最后在派对上露面的时候已经九点了。故选B。
16．C 17．B 18．A 19．C 20．B 21．A 22．C 23．D 24．D 25．B 26．A 27．C 28．D 29．B 30．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了Joan对电脑的强烈兴趣。
16．句意：Joan在学校时非常擅长科学，她对计算机特别感兴趣，所以当她完成学业后，她开始和他们一起工作。
obviously明显地，显而易见地；constantly不断地，时常地；especially尤其，特别；finally最后，终于。根据前面的“Joan was very good at science when she was at school”可知，此空用especially来突出强调对电脑感兴趣。故选C。
17．句意：她非常喜欢在办公室里做的工作，很快她就能够用电脑做异常聪明的事情。
admired赞赏；enjoyed喜欢；worshipped崇拜，尊崇；cared关心。根据下文“and soon she was able to do unusually ... things with computers”以及和母亲的对话可知，她非常喜欢。故选B。
18．句意：她非常喜欢在办公室里做的工作，很快她就能够用电脑做异常聪明的事情。
clever聪明的；ordinary普通的；funny有趣的；necessary必要的。根据下文“They’re really like ... to me now”可知，是异常聪明的事情。故选A。
19．句意：“他们现在对我来说真的像朋友一样，”一天晚上，Joan在晚饭时告诉妈妈。
advisors顾问；directors导演；friends朋友；doctors医生。根据下文“I can ask questions, and they answer just like people, but more politely and without ... , and you don’t have to wonder ... one is going to hurt their feelings. And they never lie!”可知，真的就像朋友一样。故选C。
20．句意：我可以问问题，他们的回答和别人一样，但更礼貌，没有争论，你不必怀疑一个人是否会伤害他们的感情。
discussing讨论；arguing争吵，辩论；quarrelling吵架；thinking思考。根据前面的“more politely”可知，很耐心，不会争吵。故选B。
21．句意：我可以问问题，他们的回答和别人一样，但更礼貌，没有争论，你不必怀疑一个人是否会伤害他们的感情。
whether是否；how怎样；why为什么；unless除非。根据后面的“And they never lie!”可知，不必怀疑。故选A。
22．句意：“我不这么认为，”她妈妈回答。
believe相信；work工作；think认为；dream做梦。根据下文母亲的话可知，她不赞同女儿的观点。I don’t think so.“我不这么认为。”表示不赞同对方的观点。故选C。
23．句意：这听起来像是完美的伴侣或丈夫，不是吗？
pleasant令人愉快的；satisfied满意的；only唯一的；perfect完美的。根据上文“I can ask questions, and they answer just like people, but more politely and without ... , and you don’t have to wonder ... one is going to hurt their feelings. And they never lie!”可知，做得很完美。故选D。
24．句意：但他们中有谁能自己思考吗？
some一些；both两个；one一；any任一。根据“of them think by themselves ”可知，用any，强调“任意一个”，语气强烈。故选D。
25．句意：你仅仅能从他们那里得到你放入的东西。
much非常；no不；many许多；any任一。no more than“仅仅，只不过”。故选B。
26．句意：这叫做编程。
programming编程；managing经营；operating操作；working工作。根据前文“You can get ... more out of them than what you’ve put in.”及常识可知，这是编程。故选A。
27．句意：但你能让他们做的真是太棒了。
find发现；answer回答，答复；do做，干；tell告诉，说。根据上文“She ... the work very much in the office she did, and soon she was able to do unusually .. things with computers.”等可知，是在说电脑做的事。故选C。
28．句意：我很想知道你是否可以给其中一个编程来给我一些建议。
lucky运气好的，侥幸的；anxious焦虑的，担心的；serious严重的；curious好奇的，求知欲强的。根据下文“whether you can programme one of them to give me some …”可知，是一种好奇的口气。故选D。
29．句意：我很想知道你是否可以给其中一个编程来给我一些建议。
answers答复；advice建议；help帮助；conclusion结论。根据下文“I’ll try it out. What do you want the advice about ”可知，说的是建议。故选B。
30．句意：“好吧，”她妈妈笑着说，“问问它我女婿会是什么样子。”
swept扫；cried哭；shouted呼；smiled微笑。根据下文“ask it what my son-in-law will be like.”可知，妈妈只是在开玩笑，所以应是笑着说。故选D。
31．D 32．B 33．B 34．C 35．A
【分析】本文叙述约翰·韦斯利·鲍威尔探险的故事。
【解析】1.细节理解题。根据开头“ten men were putting bags into four small boats. They were about to leave for a dangerous, exciting exploration along the great Colorado River”，可知他们走的水路，故选D。
2.细节理解题。根据“The trip was just as dangerous as expected. The rivers were filled with rocks and waterfalls. Sometimes, the boats turned over and one of them even broke into two against a big rock”，可知河流中满布的岩石和瀑布让他们的旅程充满了危险。故选B。
3.细节计算题。从“On May 24, 1869”到“On August 13th, 1869, they reached the mouth of the Grand Canyon”，可知他们到达大峡谷历时大约3个月。故选B。
4.细节理解题。根据“Until then, the land had been known only to Indians who said others could not be successful to get there. But John Wesley Powell believed it could”，可知鲍威尔相信他们可能成功地到达那个地区。they could be successful in getting to the area符合题意，故选C。
5.推理判断题。根据“And he believed it would provide wealth and valuable information about that part of America”，可知鲍威尔相信这将提供有关美国这一地区的财富和有价值的信息。故选A。
36．D 37．D 38．B 39．B 40．A
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，讲述了夏伯渝历尽千辛万苦登顶珠峰的励志故事。
36．排序题。根据文章第四段中的“The first climb by a Chinese team to the peak of Qomolangma was in 1960”可知，中国队首次攀登珠穆朗玛峰是在1960年，第四段中的“Xia, who was born in……to be amputated at the knees”可知，1974年夏伯渝加入中国爬山队，1975年在攀登失败后他必须截肢，第三段中的“He had failed to reach the 8,844-meter peak four times before becoming one of the few double amputees to reach the top of the world”可知，在成为到达世界之巅的双腿截肢的其中一个，他失败了四次，推知截肢之后他尝试了四次，根据第二段“On May 14, 2018, Xia, who is the s on the Nepal side of the mountain”可知，在2018年他实现了梦想，所以正确的顺序是e-b-a-d-c，故选D。
37．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“On May 14, 2018, Xia, who is……Camp on the Nepal side of the mountain”可知，夏伯渝在2018年登上了珠穆朗玛峰，故选D。
38．细节理解题。根据文章第六段“When a doctor told him that with artificial limbs(义肢) he could live a normal life like anyone else, and he would even be able to do a lot of physical exercise, his hopes rose and he made up his mind to climb Qomolangma again”可知，当医生解释了义肢的事情后他又增添了希望，所以B项“医生解释了他的假肢后，夏失去了希望”说法是错误的，故选B。
39．词句猜测题。根据下文people lose direction提示，此处指的是“没有了目标，人们就失去了方向”，故targets意为“目标”，与B选项aims“目标”意思相近，故选B。
40．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Xia Boyu, 70, is the first Chinese double amputee(被截肢者) to have reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, the highest mountain in the world, Du Juan reports”可知，本文是一篇新闻报道类阅读，可推知这篇文章最有可能来自电视访问，故选A。
41．B 42．D 43．A 44．C 45．D
【分析】本文主要介绍著名女探险家海伦·泰勒的有关经历：北极之旅、创建“冒险课堂”和徒步穿越撒哈拉大沙漠。
【解析】1.细节理解题。根据第二段“Accompanied only by her dog Charlie, she survived cold weather and meetings with polar bears. In fact, Charlie saved her life when one of them attacked her”，可知一只北极熊袭击了她，故选B。
2.词义猜测题。根据下文“without hope for their future, we work to encourage them to set goals”，可知他们比较消极，故选D。
3.细节理解题。根据第四段“They hope to travel in mainland China into Sichuan and Xizang to study pandas next time”，可知他们希望去西藏但还没去。故选A。
4.细节判断题。根据“Following her parents’ example, she climbed her first mountain at nine”，可知她九岁时第一次爬上了山；Helen Thayer climbed her first mountain when she was nine说法正确，故选C。
5.主旨大意题。通读全文，结合开头“Helen Thayer, one of the greatest explorers of the 20th century, loves challenges”，可知本文主要介绍探险家Helen Thayer的有关事迹。Helen Thayer — A Great Explorer符合文意，故选D。
46．wealthiest
【解析】句意：马云作为世界上最富有的人之一，决定到一所大学任教。wealth“财富”，为名词，此处应用形容词作定语修饰名词people，wealthy“富有的”；由“one of…people in the world”可知，这里表示世界上最富有的人之一，形容词应用最高级形式。故填wealthiest。
47．development
【解析】句意：我们应该学会跟上社会快速的发展，否则我们会被落下。rapid“快速的”，是形容词，后需接名词。develop是动词，其名词形式development，意为“发展；发育；成长”。故填development。
48．discovery
【解析】句意：这座古城的发现令人惊叹。根据“The…of the ancient city is amazing.”可知，此处指的是这座古城的发现，discover“发现”，动词，空处应为其名词形式“discovery”。故填discovery。
49．spreading
【解析】句意：流行文化在传播中国文化方面发挥了重要作用。根据空前的介词“in”可知，此处应用动名词形式，作宾语，应填spreading。故填spreading。
50．excited
【解析】句意：霍莉非常兴奋，以至于在比赛前都无法入睡。根据“so ... that”可知，此处需要一个形容词来描述主语Holly的状态，形容人用excited“激动的”。故填excited。
51．wealth
【解析】句意：人们通过制作红色和金色的装饰品来为节日做准备，这些颜色代表着好运、幸福和财富。根据汉语提示可知，wealth“财富”，在句子中与“luck”和“happiness”并列，共同构成宾语部分，作动词represent“代表”的宾语，故填wealth。
52．pioneer
【解析】句意：这位总工程师被认为是人工智能领域的先锋。根据句意和汉语提示可知，此处考查pioneer“先锋，先驱，开拓者”，名词，此处应用名词单词形式。故填pioneer。
53．compare
【解析】句意：如果人们把自己的文化和别人的文化进行比较，他们可能会感到惊讶。compare“比较”，此处是if引导的条件状语从句，时态遵循“主将从现”，从句用一般现在时，主语是“they”，谓语动词应用原形。故填compare。
54．lead to
【解析】句意：晚睡会导致睡眠质量差，影响记忆力和情绪。根据句意及中文提示可知，本题考查“导致lead to”，又因can是情态动词，后接动词原形。故填lead to。
55．relationship
【解析】句意：两国期待着改善两国关系。relationship“关系”，可数名词，根据“their”可知，此处应用可数名词的单数形式，表示他们之间的关系。故填relationship。
56．To develop
【解析】根据中英文对照可知，空处应填意为“为了发展”的英文表达，表达“为了做某事”常用不定式短语“to + 动词原形”结构，to develop“为了发展”，句中作目的状语。故填To；develop。
57．so that
【解析】分析中英文可知，第二空后是一个完整的句子，后半句是前半句的结果状语，第一空后popular是形容词，所以用so...that...“如此……以至于……” 引导结果状语从句。故填so；that。
58．so that
【解析】so...that...表示“如此……，以至于……”，故填so；that。
59．people’s lives
【解析】中英文对照，缺少“人们的生活”的英文表达，people’s lives“人们的生活”。故填people’s lives。
60．so that
【解析】根据中英文对照可知，so...that...表示“如此……以至于”，引导结果状语从句。故填so；that。
61．successful 62．plans 63．in 64．an 65．wooden 66．finally 67．to 68．his 69．followed 70．became
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了战国时期商鞅通过“立木取信”的故事，成功推行变法，使秦国强大的历史事件。
61．句意：最成功的变革之一是商鞅在秦国推行的。“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”表示“最……之一”，success的形容词形式是successful，意为“成功的”。故填successful。
62．句意：商鞅制定了一系列计划。“a set of”意为“一套，一系列”，后接可数名词复数形式，plan的复数形式是plans。故填plans。
63．句意：起初，这些计划不容易被接受，因为人们不相信他。believe in sb.为固定搭配，意为“信任某人”。故填in。
64．句意：为了解决这个问题，商鞅想出了一个主意。idea为可数名词单数，此处泛指“一个主意”，且idea以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an。故填an。
65．句意：他命令手下在南门立了一根细木杆。此处修饰名词pole，需用形容词作定语；wood的形容词形式是wooden，意为“木制的”。故填wooden。
66．句意：最后，有一个人想试一试。此处修饰整个句子，作状语，应使用副词；final的副词形式是finally，意为“最后”。故填finally。
67．句意：他把木杆扛在肩上，然后走到了北门。此处表示“走到……”，可用“walk to”来表示。故填to。
68．句意：很快，人们都说商鞅是一个守信的人。a man of one’s word为固定短语，意为“守信的人”，根据主语商鞅，应使用形容词性物主代词his。故填his。
69．句意：然后人们毫无疑虑地跟随他。因为故事发生在过去，所以使用一般过去时，动词要用过去式，follow的过去式为followed。故填followed。
70．句意：在他的努力下，秦国成为所有诸侯国中最强大的。描述过去发生的事情，应使用一般过去时，become的过去式为became。故填became。
71．
Curiosity truly makes people brave. A brilliant historical example is Wan Hu in the Ming Dynasty. He was so curious about the universe that he invented a special “flying chair”. Although he died during the test, his bravery inspired others to develop safer ways to explore space.
I think curiosity is like a key. It opens new doors and encourages us to take risks. Without it, we might never make any progress. Therefore, we must always remember to stay curious and brave in our daily lives!
【解析】[总体分析]
题材：本文是一篇议论文，为材料作文；
时态：运用“一般过去时”和“一般现在时”；
提示：需包含核心观点、事例简述和个人感悟，可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
[写作步骤]
第一步：明确核心观点 (好奇心使人勇敢)，并引出万户的事例；
第二步：简要描述万户的故事，突出其因好奇心产生的勇敢行为及影响；
第三步：分享对好奇心的理解，强调其重要性，并鼓励保持好奇心。
[亮点词汇]
①curious好奇的
②inspire激励
③take risks冒险
④make progress取得进步
[高分句型]
①Although he died during the test, his bravery inspired others to develop safer ways to explore space. (运用了although引导的让步状语从句)
②I think curiosity is like a key. It opens new doors and encourages us to take risks. (运用了比喻修辞和并列结构)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
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/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
2025 - 2026学年九年级英语下册单元综合素养培优卷沪教牛津版
Unit 1 Great explorations
注意事项
1. 全卷满分120分。考试时间120分钟。试题包含选择题和非选择题。考生答题全部答在指定区域，答在非答题区无效。
2. 请认真核对监考教师在所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符，再将自己的姓名、考试证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在本试卷上。
3. 答选择题必须用2B铅笔将对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在指定位置，在其他位置答题一律无效 。
第一部分 选择题（满分：60分）
一、单项选择（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
1．—How many ________ are there in your family
—Three. My parents and I.
A．people B．person C．child D．children
2．Our volunteers plan to ________ a new reading club in our school to help students love reading.
A．divide up B．set up C．push up D．use up
3． He is ________ tired ________ he can’t keep working.
A．so; that B．such; that C．too; to D．enough; to
4．All the teachers think that he is _________ good storyteller _________ he will be a good writer in the future.
A．so, that B．such a, that C．so a, that D．quite a, that
5．Many viewers highly praise the film Ne Zha 2 because of the amazing scenes ______ the valuable spirit of the character Nezha.
A．as well as B．as good as C．as long as D．as soon as
6．The TV play Journey to the West is ________ interesting ________ I would like to watch it again.
A．such; that B．too; to C．so; that D．too; that
7．It is ________ a beautiful garden ________ we like to play in it.
A．so, that B．too, to C．very, that D．such, that
8．Steven decided to clean up the city parks with other volunteers on Earth Day.
A．found out B．made up his mind C．took the place D．set up
9．At the beginning of every semester, the education of ________ is always emphasized (强调) to help teachers and students live peacefully.
A．development B．safety C．achievement D．success
10．—Although Mr Wang is a man of great ________, he never wastes money on expensive clothes.
—So smart!
A．courage B．influence C．talent D．wealth
11．—After long discussions, China and the US finally reached a new ________ on tariffs (关税) .
—This will help improve international trade relations.
A．agreement B．trade C．price D．product
12．We might send nanobots (tiny robots) to different parts of the body, to help doctors ________ illnesses better.
A．afford B．offer C．treat D．develop
13．The little girl is _______ lovely _______ everyone likes her.
A．such; that B．too; to C．so; that D．enough; to
14．—_______ fine day it is today!
—Yes, the sunshine is _______ beautiful that I’d like to go swimming in the sea.
A．What a; such B．How; such C．How a; so D．What a; so
15．It was already nine o’clock when she finally ________ at the party.
A．gave away B．showed up C．set up D．threw away
二、完形填空（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
Joan was very good at science when she was at school, and she was 16 interested in computers, so when she finished her education she began to work with them.
She 17 the work very much in the office she did, and soon she was able to do unusually 18 things with computers.
“They’re really like 19 to me now,” Joan told her mother one evening during supper. “I can ask questions, and they answer just like people, but more politely and without 20 , and you don’t have to wonder 21 one is going to hurt their feelings. And they never lie!”
“I don’t 22 so,” her mother answered. “It sounds like the 23 companion or the husband, doesn’t it ” They both laughed. “But can 24 of them think by themselves ”
“I’m afraid not,” Joan said. “You can get 25 more out of them than what you’ve put in. It’s called 26 . But it’s wonderful what you can get them to 27 .”
“Well,” Joan’s mother said, “I’m to know whether you can programme one of them to give me some .”
“I hope so,” answered Joan, “I’ll try it out. What do you want the advice about ”
“Well,” her mother , “ask it what my son-in-law will be like.”
Their laughter burst out again.
16．A．obviously B．constantly C．especially D．finally
17．A．admired B．enjoyed C．worshipped D．cared
18．A．clever B．ordinary C．funny D．necessary
19．A．advisors B．directors C．friends D．doctors
20．A．discussing B．arguing C．quarrelling D．thinking
21．A．whether B．how C．why D．unless
22．A．believe B．work C．think D．dream
23．A．pleasant B．satisfied C．only D．perfect
24．A．some B．both C．one D．any
25．A．much B．no C．many D．any
26．A．programming B．managing C．operating D．working
27．A．find B．answer C．do D．tell
28．A．lucky B．anxious C．serious D．curious
29．A．answers B．advice C．help D．conclusion
30．A．swept B．cried C．shouted D．smiled
三、阅读单选（本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分）
（A）
On May 24, 1869 on the Green River, ten men were putting bags into four small boats. They were about to leave for a dangerous, exciting exploration along the great Colorado River. The leader of the group was John Wesley Powell.
Powell wrote in his diary, “The good people of Green River City turn out to see us start. We raise our little flag, push the boats from coast, and the water carries us down. ”
So John Wesley Powell’s story of his trip began on the river. The trip was just as dangerous as expected. The rivers were filled with rocks and waterfalls. Sometimes, the boats turned over and one of them even broke into two against a big rock. The explorers suffered from the hot Sun and cold rain. They lost many of their things. But they went on.
On August 13th, 1869, they reached the mouth of the Grand Canyon (大峡谷). Situation became so bad that three of the men left to try to reach the land. Two days later, the rest of the group sailed out of the danger of the Grand Canyon.
It was one of the greatest trips in the history of North America. He and his men were the first whites to travel in that area. Until then, the land had been known only to Indians who said others could not be successful to get there. But John Wesley Powell believed it could. And he believed it would provide wealth and valuable information about that part of America.
The story of the brave explorers was introduced in newspapers all over the country. John Wesley Powell became famous. Powell explorations led to the birth of the United States Geological Survey (地质调查局) in 1879.
31．John Wesley Powell's group went for the exploration_____________.
A．on foot B．by land C．by plane D．by water
32．The trip was dangerous because of the______________
A．strong wind B．rocks and waterfalls C．cold rain D．hot Sun
33．It took them about________ month(s) to get to the Grand Canyon.
A．one B．three C．five D．seven
34．Powell thought_____________.
A．they couldn't reach the dangerous area
B．the Indians couldn't get to the area
C．they could be successful in getting to the area
D．the Indians would help them get there
35．Which of the following is true according to the passage
A．Powell wanted to get wealth and information from the trip.
B．All the men succeeded in coming back from the trip.
C．Powell created the United States Geological Survey in 1879.
D．Powell and his men were the first men to find the Colorado River.
（B）
Xia Boyu, 70, is the first Chinese double amputee(被截肢者) to have reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, the highest mountain in the world, Du Juan reports.
On May 14, 2018, Xia, who is the same age as the People’s Republic of China, made his dream come true by reaching the top of Qomolangma(Mount Everest) seven days after leaving Base Camp on the Nepal side of the mountain.
Success didn’t come easy. He had failed to reach the 8,844-meter peak four times before becoming one of the few double amputees to reach the top of the world.
The first climb by a Chinese team to the peak of Qomolangma was in 1960. Xia, who was born in Chongqing in 1949, was chosen by the Chinese mountaineering team in 1974. In 1975, the second mountaineering team set off. All the teammates finally reached the top, but Xia suffered bad frostbite(冻伤) in his legs, which had to be amputated at the knees.
“It’s beyond imagination how difficult it was to accept the fact that I would suddenly become a disabled person.” Xia recalls. “I could not imagine a fixture of sitting in a wheelchair, perhaps forever ”
When a doctor told him that with artificial limbs(义肢) he could live a normal life like anyone else, and he would even be able to do a lot of physical exercise, his hopes rose and he made up his mind to climb Qomolangma again.
To prepare for his fifth attempt(尝试) on Qomolangma, every day he got up at five in the morning and completed 90 minutes of strength training at home. On Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays he would ride a bike to Fragrant Hills, 30 kilometers from his home, walk to the top and then ride back home. On Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays, he completed 10 km of speed walking.
“Without targets, people lose direction,” Xia says. “So I will keep climbing and contributing in more ways to society.”
36．Which is the correct order according to the passage
a. Xia had to be amputated at the knees immediately after the climb.
b. Xia joined the Chinese Mountaineering team.
c. Xia made his dream come true by reaching the top of Qomolangma.
d. Xia tried four times but failed, so he prepared for the fifth.
e. Chinese team set for the first climb to the top of Qomolangma.
A．e-b-d-c-a B．b-a-e-c-d C．b-e-a-d-c D．e-b-a-d-c
37．What do we know from the passage
A．Xia was 29 when he first climbed Qomolangma.
B．Xia was 72 when he made his dream come true.
C．The Base Camp lay on the Chinese side of the mountain.
D．Xia reached the top of the world in 2018.
38．We can learn all the following EXCEPT that ________.
A．Xia felt it unimaginable to be sitting in a wheelchair all his life
B．Xia lost hope after a doctor explained about his artificial limbs
C．it took Xia a long time to make full preparations for his fifth attempt
D．Xia had failed to reach the peak four times before his fifth attempt
39．What can replace the underlined word “targets” in the last paragraph
A．plans B．aims C．will D．hopes
40．What is the passage most probably taken from
A．TV interview B．Travel journal C．Advertisement D．Short story
（C）
Helen Thayer, one of the greatest explorers of the 20th century, loves challenges. She says,“I like to see what’s on the other side of the hill she has gone almost everywhere to do that.
In 1988, at the age of 50 ,she became the first woman to travel alone to the North Pole. She pulled her own sled (雪橇) with 160 pounds of supplies, and during her trip no one brought her fresh supplies. Accompanied only by her dog Charlie, she survived cold weather and meetings with polar bears. In fact, Charlie saved her life when one of them attacked her. Near the end of her trip. a strong wind blew away most of her supplies. The last week of the trip, she survived on a little food and water each day.
Helen goes to challenging places not only for adventure, but also for education. Before her Arctic journey, she started a website called Adventure Classroom. On the site, she shares her adventures in order to encourage students. She explains. “Although kids often see the world in anegativeway, without hope for their future, we work to encourage them to set goals, plan for success and never give up …” Helen grew up in New Zealand. Her parents were athletes and mountain-climbers. Following her parents’ example, she climbed her first mountain at nine. Later she climbed the highest mountains in North and South America, the former USSR and New Zealand.
In 1996, she took on another challenge-the Sahara Desert. She and her husband, Bill, walked 2,400 miles across it! In 2001 , she and Bill travelled on foot from west to east through the Gobi Desert in Mongolia. They hope to travel in mainland China into Sichuan and Xizang to study pandas next time.
Helen plans to continue taking trips. She’ll use her drawings, writing, photography and environmental work to create programs for herAdventure Classroom website. She wants to encourage her students never to stop facing challenges!
41．What happened to Helen Thayer during the trip to the North Pole
A．She caught a bad cold. B．She was attacked by a polar bear.
C．Her dog Charlie was badly hurt. D．She lost all her food.
42．The underlined word“negative” in Paragraph 3 means “________” in Chinese.
A．乐观的 B．相似的 C．普通的 D．消极的
43．Which place hasn’t Helen Thayer been to in this article
A．Xizang. B．New Zealand. C．South America. D．The Sahara Desert.
44．Which of the following is true according to the article
A．Helen Thayer was the first woman to travel to the South Pole.
B．Helen Thayer started a website to teach children how to climb.
C．Helen Thayer climbed her first mountain when she was nine.
D．Helen and her husband travelled through the Gobi Desert in 1996.
45．What is the best title of this article
A．Helen Thayer and Her Dog.
B．Taking Trips in Dangerous Places.
C．Adventure Classroom — A Helpful Website.
D．Helen Thayer — A Great Explorer.
第二部分 非选择题（满分：60分）
四、词汇应用（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
46．Jack Ma, who is one of the _________ (wealth) people in the world, decides to work as a teacher in a university.
47．We should learn to keep up with the rapid ________ (develop) of society, or we will be left behind.
48．The ________ (discover) of the ancient city is amazing.
49．Pop culture has played an important role in ________ (spread) Chinese culture.
50．Holly was so ________ (excite) that she couldn’t fall asleep before the competition.
51．People prepare for the holiday by making decorations with red and gold which represent luck, happiness and ________ (财富).
52．The chief engineer is considered to be the _________ (先锋) in the field of AI.
53．People may be surprised if they ________ their culture with others’. (比较)
54．Sleeping late can ________ (导致) poor sleep quality and influence memory and mood.
55．The two countries are looking forward to improving their ________. (关系)
五、完成句子（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
56．为了发展不同的旅游业，本次巡游展示了贵州旅游取得的新成果。
________ ________ different tourism, this parade showed Guizhou’s new travel achievements.
57．这出戏很受欢迎，昨晚半小时内票就卖光了。
The drama is ________ popular ________ its tickets were sold out within half an hour last night.
58．当李华听到这个好消息时，他兴奋得说不出话来。
Li Hua was_________ excited _________ he couldn’t say a word when he heard the good news.
59．它不仅节省时间，还可以改善人们的生活。
It not only saves time but also improves ____________.
60．她是如此有才华以至于她在她饰演的所有电影角色中都获得了成功。
She is ________ talented ________ she has succeeded in all the roles she played in her films.
六、短文语法填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）
请阅读下面语篇，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 (每空一词)。
During the Warring States Period (战国时期) , many states made changes to become stronger. One of the most 61 (success) changes was created by Shang Yang in Qin. Shang Yang worked out a set of 62 (plan). At first, these plans were not easily acceptable because people didn’t believe 63 him.
To solve this problem , Shang Yang came up with 64 idea. He ordered his men to put a thin 65 (wood) pole (木杆) at the south gate. Then he said anyone who took the pole to the north gate would receive 10 gold pieces. The task was so easy that nobody believed it was true. They all thought Shang Yang was joking. After seeing that, Shang Yang said he would offer 50 gold pieces to anyone who did it.
And 66 (final), a man wanted to have a try. He put the pole on his shoulder and walked 67 the north gate. To his surprise , Shang Yang paid him 50 gold pieces. The news spread across the capital. Soon, people were saying Shang Yang was a man of 68 (he) word. Then people 69 (follow) him without question. With his efforts, Qin 70 (become) the strongest of all the states.
七、材料作文（本大题共25分）
71．你是否曾因一个偶然的发现而心跳加速？或许一群蚂蚁的奇特路线，或是一道数学题的意外解法——正是这些看似微小的“好奇心瞬间”，点亮了人类文明的星空。好奇心的作用有很多，其中就包含可以使人勇敢。比如万户“飞天”。
提示：1. 核心观点：好奇心使人们勇敢。
2. 事例简述：万户；明朝先驱者；好奇宇宙；发明 “飞天椅”；测试时遇难；人们受启发，发明更安全的探索宇宙方式；
3. 简单感悟：分享你对好奇心的理解。
注意事项：
1. 短文词数：80词左右。
2. 短文必须包含以上内容，但可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
3. 文中不得出现真实的人名和地名。
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
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参考答案及试题解析
1．A
【解析】句意：——你家有几口人？——三口人。我的父母和我。
考查名词辨析。people人（复数）；person人（单数）；child孩子（单数）；children孩子（复数）。根据答语“Three. My parents and I.”可知，此处询问家庭总人数，且人数为三，应使用复数形式。people本身是集体名词，表示“人”时通常用作复数，符合语境。故选A。
2．B
【解析】句意：我们的志愿者计划在我们学校成立一个新的阅读俱乐部，以帮助学生热爱阅读。
考查动词短语辨析。divide up分配；set up建立，成立；push up提高，向上推；use up用完，耗尽。根据语境可知，此处是在说志愿者计划成立一个阅读俱乐部，“成立”对应的英文短语是set up。故选B。
3．A
【解析】句意：他如此累，以至于无法继续工作。
考查状语从句。so...that... 如此……以至于……；such...that... 如此……以至于……；too...to... 太……而不能……；enough...to... 足够……可以……。空格后是“he can’t keep working”是一个完整的句子，且“tired”是形容词，应用“so...that...”结构引导结果状语从句。故选A。
4．B
【解析】句意：所有老师都认为他是一个如此好的讲故事者以至于他将来会成为一个好作家。
考查结果状语从句。“such a/an + 形容词 + 名词 + that从句 / so + 形容词 + that从句”是固定用法，意为“如此……以至于……”，such...that引导结果状语从句。故选B。
5．A
【解析】句意：很多观众高度评价电影《哪吒2》，不仅因为其惊人的场景，还因为角色哪吒的宝贵精神。
考查短语辨析。as well as不仅……而且……，和；as good as和……一样好；as long as只要；as soon as一……就……。根据句意，此处表示并列原因，应用as well as。故选A。
6．C
【解析】句意：电视剧《西游记》如此有趣以至于我想再看一遍。
考查结果状语从句。根据句意可知此处表示“如此……以至于……”，应用“such/so…that”引导结果状语从句，“interesting”是形容词，应用副词“so”修饰。故选C。
7．D
【解析】句意：这是一个如此美丽的花园，以至于我们都喜欢在里面玩。
考查结果状语从句。so...that...如此……以至于……，so后接形容词或副词；too...to...太……而不能……；very...that...为错误表达；such...that...如此……以至于……，such后接名词或名词短语。根据语境及句子结构可知，此处是在描述花园如此美丽，以至于我们都喜欢在里面玩，且a beautiful garden为名词短语，所以应该用such...that...。故选D。
8．B
【解析】句意：Steven决定在地球日和其他志愿者一起清理城市公园。
考查动词短语。find out找出；make up one’s mind决定；take the place取代；set up建立。decide表示“决定”，与make up one’s mind意思相同。故选B。
9．B
【解析】句意：在每学期开始的时候，安全教育总是被强调，以帮助教师和学生平安地生活。
考查名词辨析。development发展；safety安全；achievement成就；success成功。根据“to help teachers and students live peacefully”可知，这里强调的是与安全相关的教育内容。故选B。
10．D
【解析】句意：——尽管王先生非常富有，但他从不把钱浪费在昂贵的衣服上。——真明智！
考查名词辨析。courage勇气；influence影响；talent才能；wealth财富。根据“he never wastes money on expensive clothes.”和although引导让步状语从句可知，尽管王先生非常富有，但他从不把钱浪费在昂贵的衣服上。故选D。
11．A
【解析】句意：——经过长时间讨论，中美最终就关税问题达成了新协议。——这将有助于改善国际贸易关系。
考查名词辨析。agreement协议；trade贸易；price价格；product产品。reach an agreement on “就……达成协议”。故选A。
12．C
【解析】句意：我们可能会将纳米机器人（微型机器人）发送到身体的不同部位，以帮助医生更好地治疗疾病。
考查动词辨析。afford负担得起；offer提供；treat治疗；develop发展。根据“help doctors...illness”可知是帮助医生治疗疾病。故选C。
13．C
【解析】句意：这个小女孩是如此可爱以至于大家都喜欢她。
考查so…that…引导结果状语从句。such...that...如此……以至于……，such后接名词；too…to…太……而不能……，too后接形容词或副词，to后接动词原形；so…that…如此……以至于……，so后接形容词或副词，that后接句子；enough…to…足够……做某事”，enough后接形容词或副词，to后接动词原形。根据题意可知，此句中lovely是形容词，that后接句子，所以，so lovely that everyone likes her表示“如此可爱以至于每个人都喜欢她”，“so…that…如此……以至于……”引导结果状语从句，符合题意。故选C。
14．D
【解析】句意：——今天天气真好！——是的，阳光如此明媚，我想去海里游泳。
考查感叹句和“so... that...”结构。第一空，这是一句感叹句，中心词“fine day”是名词短语，且day是可数名词单数，所以用“What a”引导感叹句；第二空“beautiful”是形容词，所以用“so... that...”表示“如此……以至于……”。故选D。
15．B
【解析】句意：当她最后在派对上露面的时候已经九点了。
考查动词短语辨析。gave away赠送；showed up露面；set up建立；threw away扔掉。根据“when she finally…at the party.”可知，当她最后在派对上露面的时候已经九点了。故选B。
16．C 17．B 18．A 19．C 20．B 21．A 22．C 23．D 24．D 25．B 26．A 27．C 28．D 29．B 30．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了Joan对电脑的强烈兴趣。
16．句意：Joan在学校时非常擅长科学，她对计算机特别感兴趣，所以当她完成学业后，她开始和他们一起工作。
obviously明显地，显而易见地；constantly不断地，时常地；especially尤其，特别；finally最后，终于。根据前面的“Joan was very good at science when she was at school”可知，此空用especially来突出强调对电脑感兴趣。故选C。
17．句意：她非常喜欢在办公室里做的工作，很快她就能够用电脑做异常聪明的事情。
admired赞赏；enjoyed喜欢；worshipped崇拜，尊崇；cared关心。根据下文“and soon she was able to do unusually ... things with computers”以及和母亲的对话可知，她非常喜欢。故选B。
18．句意：她非常喜欢在办公室里做的工作，很快她就能够用电脑做异常聪明的事情。
clever聪明的；ordinary普通的；funny有趣的；necessary必要的。根据下文“They’re really like ... to me now”可知，是异常聪明的事情。故选A。
19．句意：“他们现在对我来说真的像朋友一样，”一天晚上，Joan在晚饭时告诉妈妈。
advisors顾问；directors导演；friends朋友；doctors医生。根据下文“I can ask questions, and they answer just like people, but more politely and without ... , and you don’t have to wonder ... one is going to hurt their feelings. And they never lie!”可知，真的就像朋友一样。故选C。
20．句意：我可以问问题，他们的回答和别人一样，但更礼貌，没有争论，你不必怀疑一个人是否会伤害他们的感情。
discussing讨论；arguing争吵，辩论；quarrelling吵架；thinking思考。根据前面的“more politely”可知，很耐心，不会争吵。故选B。
21．句意：我可以问问题，他们的回答和别人一样，但更礼貌，没有争论，你不必怀疑一个人是否会伤害他们的感情。
whether是否；how怎样；why为什么；unless除非。根据后面的“And they never lie!”可知，不必怀疑。故选A。
22．句意：“我不这么认为，”她妈妈回答。
believe相信；work工作；think认为；dream做梦。根据下文母亲的话可知，她不赞同女儿的观点。I don’t think so.“我不这么认为。”表示不赞同对方的观点。故选C。
23．句意：这听起来像是完美的伴侣或丈夫，不是吗？
pleasant令人愉快的；satisfied满意的；only唯一的；perfect完美的。根据上文“I can ask questions, and they answer just like people, but more politely and without ... , and you don’t have to wonder ... one is going to hurt their feelings. And they never lie!”可知，做得很完美。故选D。
24．句意：但他们中有谁能自己思考吗？
some一些；both两个；one一；any任一。根据“of them think by themselves ”可知，用any，强调“任意一个”，语气强烈。故选D。
25．句意：你仅仅能从他们那里得到你放入的东西。
much非常；no不；many许多；any任一。no more than“仅仅，只不过”。故选B。
26．句意：这叫做编程。
programming编程；managing经营；operating操作；working工作。根据前文“You can get ... more out of them than what you’ve put in.”及常识可知，这是编程。故选A。
27．句意：但你能让他们做的真是太棒了。
find发现；answer回答，答复；do做，干；tell告诉，说。根据上文“She ... the work very much in the office she did, and soon she was able to do unusually .. things with computers.”等可知，是在说电脑做的事。故选C。
28．句意：我很想知道你是否可以给其中一个编程来给我一些建议。
lucky运气好的，侥幸的；anxious焦虑的，担心的；serious严重的；curious好奇的，求知欲强的。根据下文“whether you can programme one of them to give me some …”可知，是一种好奇的口气。故选D。
29．句意：我很想知道你是否可以给其中一个编程来给我一些建议。
answers答复；advice建议；help帮助；conclusion结论。根据下文“I’ll try it out. What do you want the advice about ”可知，说的是建议。故选B。
30．句意：“好吧，”她妈妈笑着说，“问问它我女婿会是什么样子。”
swept扫；cried哭；shouted呼；smiled微笑。根据下文“ask it what my son-in-law will be like.”可知，妈妈只是在开玩笑，所以应是笑着说。故选D。
31．D 32．B 33．B 34．C 35．A
【分析】本文叙述约翰·韦斯利·鲍威尔探险的故事。
【解析】1.细节理解题。根据开头“ten men were putting bags into four small boats. They were about to leave for a dangerous, exciting exploration along the great Colorado River”，可知他们走的水路，故选D。
2.细节理解题。根据“The trip was just as dangerous as expected. The rivers were filled with rocks and waterfalls. Sometimes, the boats turned over and one of them even broke into two against a big rock”，可知河流中满布的岩石和瀑布让他们的旅程充满了危险。故选B。
3.细节计算题。从“On May 24, 1869”到“On August 13th, 1869, they reached the mouth of the Grand Canyon”，可知他们到达大峡谷历时大约3个月。故选B。
4.细节理解题。根据“Until then, the land had been known only to Indians who said others could not be successful to get there. But John Wesley Powell believed it could”，可知鲍威尔相信他们可能成功地到达那个地区。they could be successful in getting to the area符合题意，故选C。
5.推理判断题。根据“And he believed it would provide wealth and valuable information about that part of America”，可知鲍威尔相信这将提供有关美国这一地区的财富和有价值的信息。故选A。
36．D 37．D 38．B 39．B 40．A
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，讲述了夏伯渝历尽千辛万苦登顶珠峰的励志故事。
36．排序题。根据文章第四段中的“The first climb by a Chinese team to the peak of Qomolangma was in 1960”可知，中国队首次攀登珠穆朗玛峰是在1960年，第四段中的“Xia, who was born in……to be amputated at the knees”可知，1974年夏伯渝加入中国爬山队，1975年在攀登失败后他必须截肢，第三段中的“He had failed to reach the 8,844-meter peak four times before becoming one of the few double amputees to reach the top of the world”可知，在成为到达世界之巅的双腿截肢的其中一个，他失败了四次，推知截肢之后他尝试了四次，根据第二段“On May 14, 2018, Xia, who is the s on the Nepal side of the mountain”可知，在2018年他实现了梦想，所以正确的顺序是e-b-a-d-c，故选D。
37．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“On May 14, 2018, Xia, who is……Camp on the Nepal side of the mountain”可知，夏伯渝在2018年登上了珠穆朗玛峰，故选D。
38．细节理解题。根据文章第六段“When a doctor told him that with artificial limbs(义肢) he could live a normal life like anyone else, and he would even be able to do a lot of physical exercise, his hopes rose and he made up his mind to climb Qomolangma again”可知，当医生解释了义肢的事情后他又增添了希望，所以B项“医生解释了他的假肢后，夏失去了希望”说法是错误的，故选B。
39．词句猜测题。根据下文people lose direction提示，此处指的是“没有了目标，人们就失去了方向”，故targets意为“目标”，与B选项aims“目标”意思相近，故选B。
40．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Xia Boyu, 70, is the first Chinese double amputee(被截肢者) to have reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, the highest mountain in the world, Du Juan reports”可知，本文是一篇新闻报道类阅读，可推知这篇文章最有可能来自电视访问，故选A。
41．B 42．D 43．A 44．C 45．D
【分析】本文主要介绍著名女探险家海伦·泰勒的有关经历：北极之旅、创建“冒险课堂”和徒步穿越撒哈拉大沙漠。
【解析】1.细节理解题。根据第二段“Accompanied only by her dog Charlie, she survived cold weather and meetings with polar bears. In fact, Charlie saved her life when one of them attacked her”，可知一只北极熊袭击了她，故选B。
2.词义猜测题。根据下文“without hope for their future, we work to encourage them to set goals”，可知他们比较消极，故选D。
3.细节理解题。根据第四段“They hope to travel in mainland China into Sichuan and Xizang to study pandas next time”，可知他们希望去西藏但还没去。故选A。
4.细节判断题。根据“Following her parents’ example, she climbed her first mountain at nine”，可知她九岁时第一次爬上了山；Helen Thayer climbed her first mountain when she was nine说法正确，故选C。
5.主旨大意题。通读全文，结合开头“Helen Thayer, one of the greatest explorers of the 20th century, loves challenges”，可知本文主要介绍探险家Helen Thayer的有关事迹。Helen Thayer — A Great Explorer符合文意，故选D。
46．wealthiest
【解析】句意：马云作为世界上最富有的人之一，决定到一所大学任教。wealth“财富”，为名词，此处应用形容词作定语修饰名词people，wealthy“富有的”；由“one of…people in the world”可知，这里表示世界上最富有的人之一，形容词应用最高级形式。故填wealthiest。
47．development
【解析】句意：我们应该学会跟上社会快速的发展，否则我们会被落下。rapid“快速的”，是形容词，后需接名词。develop是动词，其名词形式development，意为“发展；发育；成长”。故填development。
48．discovery
【解析】句意：这座古城的发现令人惊叹。根据“The…of the ancient city is amazing.”可知，此处指的是这座古城的发现，discover“发现”，动词，空处应为其名词形式“discovery”。故填discovery。
49．spreading
【解析】句意：流行文化在传播中国文化方面发挥了重要作用。根据空前的介词“in”可知，此处应用动名词形式，作宾语，应填spreading。故填spreading。
50．excited
【解析】句意：霍莉非常兴奋，以至于在比赛前都无法入睡。根据“so ... that”可知，此处需要一个形容词来描述主语Holly的状态，形容人用excited“激动的”。故填excited。
51．wealth
【解析】句意：人们通过制作红色和金色的装饰品来为节日做准备，这些颜色代表着好运、幸福和财富。根据汉语提示可知，wealth“财富”，在句子中与“luck”和“happiness”并列，共同构成宾语部分，作动词represent“代表”的宾语，故填wealth。
52．pioneer
【解析】句意：这位总工程师被认为是人工智能领域的先锋。根据句意和汉语提示可知，此处考查pioneer“先锋，先驱，开拓者”，名词，此处应用名词单词形式。故填pioneer。
53．compare
【解析】句意：如果人们把自己的文化和别人的文化进行比较，他们可能会感到惊讶。compare“比较”，此处是if引导的条件状语从句，时态遵循“主将从现”，从句用一般现在时，主语是“they”，谓语动词应用原形。故填compare。
54．lead to
【解析】句意：晚睡会导致睡眠质量差，影响记忆力和情绪。根据句意及中文提示可知，本题考查“导致lead to”，又因can是情态动词，后接动词原形。故填lead to。
55．relationship
【解析】句意：两国期待着改善两国关系。relationship“关系”，可数名词，根据“their”可知，此处应用可数名词的单数形式，表示他们之间的关系。故填relationship。
56．To develop
【解析】根据中英文对照可知，空处应填意为“为了发展”的英文表达，表达“为了做某事”常用不定式短语“to + 动词原形”结构，to develop“为了发展”，句中作目的状语。故填To；develop。
57．so that
【解析】分析中英文可知，第二空后是一个完整的句子，后半句是前半句的结果状语，第一空后popular是形容词，所以用so...that...“如此……以至于……” 引导结果状语从句。故填so；that。
58．so that
【解析】so...that...表示“如此……，以至于……”，故填so；that。
59．people’s lives
【解析】中英文对照，缺少“人们的生活”的英文表达，people’s lives“人们的生活”。故填people’s lives。
60．so that
【解析】根据中英文对照可知，so...that...表示“如此……以至于”，引导结果状语从句。故填so；that。
61．successful 62．plans 63．in 64．an 65．wooden 66．finally 67．to 68．his 69．followed 70．became
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了战国时期商鞅通过“立木取信”的故事，成功推行变法，使秦国强大的历史事件。
61．句意：最成功的变革之一是商鞅在秦国推行的。“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”表示“最……之一”，success的形容词形式是successful，意为“成功的”。故填successful。
62．句意：商鞅制定了一系列计划。“a set of”意为“一套，一系列”，后接可数名词复数形式，plan的复数形式是plans。故填plans。
63．句意：起初，这些计划不容易被接受，因为人们不相信他。believe in sb.为固定搭配，意为“信任某人”。故填in。
64．句意：为了解决这个问题，商鞅想出了一个主意。idea为可数名词单数，此处泛指“一个主意”，且idea以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an。故填an。
65．句意：他命令手下在南门立了一根细木杆。此处修饰名词pole，需用形容词作定语；wood的形容词形式是wooden，意为“木制的”。故填wooden。
66．句意：最后，有一个人想试一试。此处修饰整个句子，作状语，应使用副词；final的副词形式是finally，意为“最后”。故填finally。
67．句意：他把木杆扛在肩上，然后走到了北门。此处表示“走到……”，可用“walk to”来表示。故填to。
68．句意：很快，人们都说商鞅是一个守信的人。a man of one’s word为固定短语，意为“守信的人”，根据主语商鞅，应使用形容词性物主代词his。故填his。
69．句意：然后人们毫无疑虑地跟随他。因为故事发生在过去，所以使用一般过去时，动词要用过去式，follow的过去式为followed。故填followed。
70．句意：在他的努力下，秦国成为所有诸侯国中最强大的。描述过去发生的事情，应使用一般过去时，become的过去式为became。故填became。
71．
Curiosity truly makes people brave. A brilliant historical example is Wan Hu in the Ming Dynasty. He was so curious about the universe that he invented a special “flying chair”. Although he died during the test, his bravery inspired others to develop safer ways to explore space.
I think curiosity is like a key. It opens new doors and encourages us to take risks. Without it, we might never make any progress. Therefore, we must always remember to stay curious and brave in our daily lives!
【解析】[总体分析]
题材：本文是一篇议论文，为材料作文；
时态：运用“一般过去时”和“一般现在时”；
提示：需包含核心观点、事例简述和个人感悟，可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
[写作步骤]
第一步：明确核心观点 (好奇心使人勇敢)，并引出万户的事例；
第二步：简要描述万户的故事，突出其因好奇心产生的勇敢行为及影响；
第三步：分享对好奇心的理解，强调其重要性，并鼓励保持好奇心。
[亮点词汇]
①curious好奇的
②inspire激励
③take risks冒险
④make progress取得进步
[高分句型]
①Although he died during the test, his bravery inspired others to develop safer ways to explore space. (运用了although引导的让步状语从句)
②I think curiosity is like a key. It opens new doors and encourages us to take risks. (运用了比喻修辞和并列结构)
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