(共54张PPT)
Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking
文章导语:丝绸之路架起了中国对外交流的桥梁,意义深远。
The Silk Road is arguably the most famous long-distance trade route of the ancient world.This passage connected Europe in the West with China in the East,and allowed the exchange of goods,technology,and ideas between the two civilisations1.Although merchants could make huge profits,it was not without risk.
The main Silk Road started in Chang'an (known today as Xi'an).Travellers commencing2 their journey from this city could take a northern route that would take them across China's northwestern provinces.After this,they would face the Gobi Desert,arguably the greatest danger of the Silk Road.
The Gobi Desert,the largest desert in Asia,consists mainly of rocky,hard earth.This feature makes it easier for traders to travel across,compared to sandy deserts like the neighbouring Taklamakan Desert.Like other deserts,the Gobi Desert is dry and hot,and therefore the biggest challenge travellers faced is obtaining enough water for themselves as well as for their camels.
So,rest stops were created along the route,allowing travellers to rest,eat and drink.These places also promoted the exchange of goods,and even ideas,among the travellers who stopped there.Usually,the rest stops were placed within a day's journey of each other.In this way,travellers could avoid spending too much time in the desert,which would make them targets for robbers,another danger of the Silk Road.
Once through the Gobi Desert,travellers would continue their journey into Iran, Türkiye,and finally other countries in Europe.While this part of the journey may have been less dangerous,it is not entirely without its peril3.
词海拾贝
1.civilisation / sIv laI zeI n/ n.文明
2.commence /k mens/ vt.&vi.开始
3.peril / per l/ n.严重危险
美文凝萃
1.What can we guess about the rest stops in the Gobi Desert
A.Travellers were offered free accommodation.
B.They were located around the edges of the desert.
C.Travellers staying there were often attacked by criminals.
D.They were shared by travellers from different countries.
2.Why is the Gobi Desert easier to cross than other deserts
答案:Because the desert consists mainly of rocky,hard earth.
D
词 汇 认 知
重点单词
1. n.故事;叙述
2. n.商人;批发商 adj.海上货运的
3.fleet n.
4.behold vt.
5. n.等级;水平;联合会;联赛
6.spice n.
tale
merchant
舰队;机群;车队
看;看见
league
(调味)香料
7. n.航道;海峡;频道
8.maritime adj.
9. n.纽带;关系 vt.& vi.增强信任关系;使牢固结合
channel
海的;海运的;海事的
bond
词汇拓展
1.extend vt.扩展;使伸长;延长→ n. 扩大
→ adj.广泛的;广阔的
2.negotiate vt. 商定;达成(协议) vi.谈判;磋商;协商
→ n.谈判;磋商;协商
3.royal adj. 皇家的;王室的;高贵的→ n.王室成员
4.withdraw vi.& vt.(使)撤回;撤离→ n.撤走;收回;取款
extension
extensive
negotiation
royalty
withdrawal
重点短语
1.form the foundation 形成……的基础
2.set 起航;开航
3. a league of one's own 独领风骚
4. the command of 在……的指挥下
5.withdraw 退出;撤回
6.reach 伸出
7. the benefit of 为了……的利益
8. hand 在手头;可供使用
of
sail
in
under
from
out
for
in
阅 读 自 测
Step 1 Fast Reading
一、快速浏览课文,将段落与其主旨大意进行匹配
Para.1: A.China will continue to explore the sea and enhance relationships with other countries.
Para.2: B.Travel from east to west began long before Columbus.
Para.3: C.In ancient times,travel from east to west was on the Silk Road.
Para.4: D.Zheng He's sea voyages built relations with other countries.
Para.5: E.The 21st Century Maritime Silk Road has encouraged cooperation and strengthened the bonds between China and the rest of the world.
Para.6: F.China is also joining with other countries on other important projects.
B
C
D
E
F
A
Step 2 Detailed Reading
二、仔细阅读课文,选择最佳答案
1.Why did European explorers search for sea routes from west to east
A.They intended to develop their own business.
B.They were curious about the outside world.
C.They were ambitious to make a great achievement.
D.They were inspired by Marco Polo's tales.
D
2.What's the purpose of the Belt and Road Initiative
A.To satisfy people's curiosity and desire.
B.To encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas,and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world.
C.To revisit the ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He.
D.To invest billions in systems and services.
B
3.Why is there an urgent need to explore the Arctic
A.To promote foreign trade.
B.To look for more natural resources.
C.To strengthen the bonds between countries.
D.To know more about climate change and its effects.
D
词 汇 精 讲
1.【教材原文】However,merchants and explorers from the East set sail from east to west many years before Columbus first did.(page 26)
然而,在哥伦布首次启航之前许多年,东方的商人和探险家就已经开始自东向西航行。
考点set sail起航;开航
set sail from 从……起航
set sail for 起航前往……
set aside省出,留出(钱或时间)
set about doing sth 开始做某事
set down记下;登记
set off出发;动身;使爆炸;引发
set out出发;动身;起程;(怀着目标)开始工作;阐明;陈述
set up建起;设立;开办;创建
语境领悟
(1)She tries to set aside some money every month.
她每个月都尽量存点钱。
(2)We made a great deal of money,so we decided that it was time to set off for home.
我们大赚了一笔,因此我们决定该是动身回家的时候了。
(3)The event set off a chain reaction in the international financial market.
这一事件在国际金融市场上引起了连锁反应。
(4)She set out the reasons for her resignation in a long letter.
她写了一封长信说明自己辞职的原因。
学以致用
用set相关短语的适当形式填空
(1)For all these years I have been working for others,so I'm hoping I'll my own business someday.
(2) some time each day to practise speaking English,even if it is only five minutes.
(3)He to paint the whole house but finished only the front.
(4)He often his important thoughts in his diary.
set up
Set aside
set out
sets down
2.【教材原文】Here,merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals,which also led to more awareness of each other's cultures.(page 26)
在这里,来自中国和其他许多地方的商人汇聚一起,洽谈贸易协议,这也增进了对彼此文化的认识。
考点negotiate vt.商定;达成(协议) vi.谈判;磋商;协商
negotiate with sb for/about sth 与某人协商/谈判某事
negotiate a deal/contract/treaty/settlement 达成交易/确立合同/商定条约内容/商定解决措施
negotiation n.谈判;磋商;协商
enter into/open/conduct negotiations with sb 和某人开始/展开/进行谈判
in negotiation with sb 与某人协商
under negotiation 在协商中
语境领悟
(1)I'm not going to negotiate with you about her departure time.
我并不准备与你协商她离开的时间。
(2)The company entered into negotiations with him.
这家公司与他进行了谈判。
(3)There are a number of projects to computerise the library system under negotiation in other cities in China.
在中国其他城市有多个图书馆系统电脑化的项目正在协商中。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)We'll leave you to negotiate them.
(2)They have decided to negotiate the boss
their wage claims.
(3)We are satisfied with the result of the_______________
(negotiate).
with
with
for/about
negotiation
3.【教材原文】Under the command of Zheng He,they set sail from the South China Sea across the Indian Ocean to the mouth of the Red Sea,and then to the east coast of Africa. (page 26)
在郑和的指挥下,船队从南中国海起航,穿越印度洋,直抵红海口,然后前往非洲东海岸。
考点under the command of 在……的指挥下
command n.命令;指挥;掌握 vt.命令;控制
under sb's command 在某人的指挥下
give a command下命令
have (a) good command of精通;掌握
(be) in command of指挥;掌握;控制
take command of 控制
command sb to do sth 命令某人做某事
当command 作“命令”讲时,其引导的从句应用虚拟语气,其中谓语动词用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。
语境领悟
(1)The army is under the command of General Smith.
这支部队由史密斯将军指挥。
(2)There is no short cut in the study of a foreign language.We must have drills every day.Only in this way can we have a good command of it.
在外语学习上没有捷径。我们必须每天练习。只有这样我们才能掌握它。
(3)He looked relaxed and totally in command of himself.
他看起来很轻松,有绝对的自信完全能控制住自己。
(4)He commanded that all the gates (should) be shut.
他命令关闭所有的大门。
学以致用
完成句子
(1)将军命令我们立即发起进攻。
The general commanded that at once.
(2)这名教练已经带领这个团队六年了。
The coach has this team for 6 years.
we should attack
been in command of
(3)警察到达后就控制了局势。
The police arrived and the situation.
(4)多少年来第一次,她觉得生活掌握在自己的手里。
For the first time in years,she felt______ ________ ________ her life.
took command of
in command of
4.【教材原文】Although China withdrew from further expeditions after 1433,these land and sea routes remained active channels between other cultures for centuries.(page 26)
尽管1433年后中国停止了进一步的探索,但在随后的几个世纪,这些陆地和海洋路线仍是与其他文化之间的活跃通道。
考点withdraw vi.& vt.(使)撤回;撤离 vt.提,取
withdraw(...) from...(使)从……撤离;(使)从……退出
withdrawal n. 撤回;收回;取款
withdrawn adj.沉默寡言的;内向的;怕羞的
语境领悟
(1)He wanted to withdraw Jack’s name from the guest list.
他想从客人名单上撤下杰克的名字。
(2)I’d like to withdraw some money from my account.
我想从我的账户里取一些钱。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)She quickly withdrew her hand the hot iron.
完成句子
(2)你为什么要退出比赛
Why did you
from
withdraw from the race
(3)他的妻子去世后,他变得越来越沉默寡言。
After his wife’s death,he became __________ _________ _________ __________.
more and
more withdrawn
5.【教材原文】China has invested billions in systems and services along these routes,which will help to greatly develop the whole area for the benefit of future trade and cultural exchange.(page 27)
中国已经在这些沿线地区的运输系统和服务上投入了数十亿美元,这将促进整个地区实现大发展,有利于未来贸易和文化交流。
考点for the benefit of...为了……的利益
benefit n.成效;益处;优势 vt.使受益;对(某人)有用 vi.得益于
be of benefit to使……受益;有益于
benefit from/by...从……中获益;得益于……
beneficial adj.有用的;有利的
be beneficial to对……有益
语境领悟
(1)We must make efforts to take exercise for the benefit of our health.
为了健康我们必须努力锻炼身体。
(2)The new regulations will be of benefit to everyone concerned.
新规章将使所有有关人员受益。
(3)Who exactly stands to benefit from these changes
到底是谁会从这些变革中直接获益
(4)Using computers has a beneficial effect on children's learning.
使用计算机对孩子们的学习产生有益的影响。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)We need to work the benefit of the community.
(2)Walking is extremely beneficial your body shape.
(3)I hope what I have written will be benefit to someone else.
(4)All the cells and tissues in the body benefit the increased intake of oxygen.
for
to
of
from/by
6.【教材原文】Hundreds of years on,and with the latest technology in hand,the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future.(page 27)
数百年过去了,由于拥有了最新技术,在贸易的必要性和增进关系的愿望的驱动下,中国将跨越海洋,迈向未来。
考点in hand在手头;可供使用
at hand(在时间或距离上)接近
by hand手工
hand in hand手拉手;密切关联;相连带
shake hands with和……握手
hand in上交
hand over (to sb)把(权力或责任)移交(给某人)
语境领悟
(1)Jack has only a little money in hand.
杰克手头只有一点钱。
(2)The property is ideally located with all local amenities close at hand.
这处房地产的位置很理想,离当地的福利设施都近。
(3)I saw them making their way,hand in hand,down the path.
我看到他们手拉手,沿着小路往前走去。
(4)Steve hurried to finish the test and he was the first to hand in his paper.
史蒂夫匆忙地完成了测验,并且他是第一个交上答卷的。
学以致用
用hand相关短语的适当形式填空
(1)Higher returns and higher risk often go .
(2)She resigned and to one of her younger colleagues.
(3)The fabric was painted .
(4)The teacher told the students to their projects.
hand in hand
handed over
by hand
hand in
句 型 剖 析
1.【教材原文】Although the ancient sea routes of Zheng He have been travelled many times,there are still many other places left to explore.(page 27)
尽管郑和的古代海上路线已经重走很多次了,但仍有许多其他地方有待探索。
句法分析
“there are ...left...”符合“there be+名词/名词词组+动词不定式/动词-ing形式/动词-ed形式”的句型。
“there be+名词/名词词组+动词不定式/动词-ing形式/动词-ed形式”句型中,动词不定式表示动作尚未发生,动词-ing形式表示动作和前面的人或物存在逻辑上的主谓关系,动词-ed形式表示动作被做或完成,这些结构都作后置定语。
语境领悟
(1)There is a bird singing on the branch.
有一只鸟在枝头唱歌。
(2)There is a boy standing in front of me.
我前面站着一个男孩。
(3)There is nothing to hide and give it to me quickly.
没什么好藏的,快给我。
(4)There is a red car parked outside the house.
房子外停着一辆红色汽车。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)There are many boys (play) basketball on the playground now.
(2)There is much homework (do),so we can't go out to play.
(3)Look out!There is a bus (come).
(4)There has been no time (leave) for us to think it over.
playing
to do
coming
left
2.【教材原文】From a scientific point of view,there is an urgent need to study the Arctic in order to understand climate change and its effects.(page 27)
从科学角度看,迫切需要研究北极,以了解气候变化及其影响。
句法分析
in order to do sth意为“为了做某事”。(1)in order to结构在用法和意义上相当于so as to结构,但是in order to结构可以用于句首和句中,而so as to结构不能用于句首。其否定式分别为:in order not to和so as not to。(2)in order to和so as to在句中表示目的时,常可以转化成in order that或so that引导的目的状语从句。
语境领悟
(1)In order to save time,we're taking the cable car to go there.
为了节省时间,我们将乘缆车到那儿。
(2)We should work hard in order to / so as to pass the exam.
为了能通过考试,我们应该努力学习。
(3)He went there early so that/ in order that he could get a good seat.
为了能找到一个好座位,他去得很早。
学以致用
一句多译
我早上起得很早,是为了赶上第一班公共汽车。
(1)I got up early in the morning ____ _____ _____ ____ ____
catch the first bus.
(2) catch the first bus,I got up early in the morning.
(3)I got up early in the morning I could catch the first bus.
in order to/so as to
In order to
so that(共13张PPT)
Section Ⅳ Writing
写作指导
议论文
辩论性文章属于议论文。议论文主要针对某一观点或问题(一般为有争议的观点或问题)发表议论和看法,因此写此类文章时要考虑的论据多为正反两个方面。通过对有争议的观点或问题的不同看法进行比较,然后进行分析和评论,最后提出自己的看法,表达自己支持或反对的态度并加以论证说明,得出结论。
辩论性文章,一般包括四段:
第一段——说明辩论的主题;
第二段——表明正方的观点及其理由;
第三段——表明反方的观点及其理由;
第四段——陈述自己的观点。
(有时也可以分为三段:第一段说明辩论的主题;第二段表明正方和反方的观点及理由;第三段表明作者自己的观点。)
典题示例
假如你是李华,学校即将举行以“Is It Necessary for Humans to Explore the Sea ”为题目的英语作文比赛,请按照下列要求写一篇80词左右的议论文。要点如下:
1.使海洋可持续发展;
2.了解海洋环境;
3.更好地了解气候。
写作探究
审题谋篇
词汇推敲
1.address 设法解决;处理
2.keep track of 了解……的动态
3.be of great benefit to 使……很受益
提分句型
1.because引导的原因状语从句
2.过去分词作后置定语
3.which引导的非限制性定语从句
妙笔成篇
Is It Necessary for Humans to Explore the Sea
I agree with the view that it is necessary for humans to explore the sea.
First,sea exploration can give us knowledge about how to maintain the sustainable development of the sea because the sea can be one of the resources for us to satisfy the needs such as food,energy,medicines,etc.Moreover,it can also provide the basic information needed to better understand the sea environment, which helps scientists to address current situations and predict the future.In addition,it can help us keep track of climate change.
In sum,sea exploration will be of great benefit to humans.
即学即练
你们班近期展开了以发展经济与环境保护之间的关系为主题的讨论,请你就此给某英文报社写一篇文章介绍讨论情况并简要阐述自己的观点。
1.一些同学认为经济发展不应以破坏环境为代价。理由:忽视环境去发展经济将对环境造成破坏。
2.一些同学认为经济发展不应考虑环境问题。理由:发展经济必然带来环境问题,等以后有了钱和时间再来解决。
3.你的观点。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.开头已给出,不计入总词数。
参考词汇:不可避免的 unavoidable
A discussion about the relationship between economic development and environment protection was held in our class._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考范文
A discussion about the relationship between economic development and environment protection was held in our class.
Some students believe that we should never sacrifice the environment for the economy.They think the present environmental problems are largely caused by rapid economic development.
However,other students think it unnecessary to consider environmental problems now and economic development comes first.They believe that environmental problems can be dealt with later when we have time and money.
I think the second view is completely wrong.The purpose of economic development is to provide a comfortable and happy life for people.We should aim at sustainable development and find a balance between them.(共37张PPT)
Section Ⅲ Using Language,
Assessing Your Progress & Video Time
词 汇 认 知
重点单词
1. n.名录;电话号码簿;(计算机文件或程序的)目录
2.meanwhile adv.
3.exploit vt.
4.gallon n.
5. vt.谋杀;凶杀;毁坏 n.谋杀;凶杀
directory
与此同时;(比较两方面)对比之下
开发;利用;剥削
加仑
murder
6. n.反对者;对手;竞争者
7. vt.把……载入正式记录;记录
n.正式记录;日志;原木
8.marine adj.
9. n.逮捕;拘留;中止 vt.逮捕;拘留;阻止
opponent
log
海的;海产的;海生的
arrest
词汇拓展
1.migration n.迁移;迁徙;移居→ vi.迁徙;移居
→ n.候鸟;移民
2.mercy n.仁慈;宽恕;恩惠→ adj. 宽大的;仁慈的;慈悲的 → adj.残忍的;毫不怜悯的
3.possession n.[usually pl.]个人财产;拥有;控制
→ vt. 拥有;具有(特质);支配
migrate
migrant
merciful
merciless
possess
重点短语
1.carry 执行;实行;落实
2. action 采取措施;采取行动
3.as as 也;还有
4.look 调查;审查
5.all a sudden 突然
out
take
well
into
of
阅读自测
Step 1 Fast Reading
一、快速浏览课文,判断正“T”误“F”
1.The Deepwater Horizon caused severe plastic pollution in 2010.( )
2.Mining for resources is a problem that sea exploration has caused.
( )
3.Because people are more aware of the sea protection,overfishing doesn't exist in the modern world.( )
4.Scientific research ships can help address important issues such as climate change.( )
F
T
F
T
Step 2 Detailed Reading
二、仔细阅读课文,选择最佳答案
1.Which of the following about sea exploration is NOT true
A.More sea exploration only helps us exploit oil and gas.
B.More sea exploration can help us discover new medicines.
C.More sea exploration can give us more sources of food and energy.
D.More sea exploration can help us predict events such as earthquakes.
A
2.What should we do to protect the environment according to the passage
A.To exploit the sea more.
B.To look for more fossil fuels in the Arctic.
C.To hunt whales and dolphins.
D.To balance the environmental risks with our economic needs.
D
3.Why does the writer mention the Deepwater Horizon
A.To show it has 200 million gallons of oil.
B.To explain its influence on animals.
C.To stress the bad effect of plastic.
D.To prove more exploration means more pollution.
D
词 汇 精 讲
1.【教材原文】Do you think it is important to carry out research on whales and other sea creatures (page 30)
你认为对鲸鱼和其他海洋生物进行研究重要吗
考点carry out 执行;实行;落实
carry on(with sth/doing sth) 坚持干;继续做
carry off赢得;获得
carry sth through成功完成某事;顺利实现某事
语境领悟
(1)Make sure the firm is competent to carry out the work.
要确保这家公司有能力落实这项工作。
(2)Her bravery has given him the will to carry on with his life and his work.
她的勇气使他产生了继续生活和工作下去的意愿。
(3)He carried off most of the prizes.
他赢得了大多数的奖项。
学以致用
用carry的相关短语的适当形式填空
(1)Bad weather heightened the difficulty for them to
the task.
(2)It's a difficult job but she's the person to____________ it .
(3)You'll wear yourself out if you working so hard.
carry out
carry
through
carry on
2.【教材原文】Although this was banned in 1982,some countries are still “murdering” these intelligent creatures without mercy.(page 32)
尽管早在1982年就已禁止,但有的国家仍在无情地“谋杀”这些聪明的生物。
考点mercy n.仁慈;宽恕;恩惠
at the mercy of...任……处置;任由……摆布
have mercy on同情;怜悯
show mercy to同情;怜悯
merciful adj.仁慈的;慈悲的;宽大的
merciless adj.残忍的;毫不怜悯的
语境领悟
(1)She is a kind-hearted woman and often has mercy on people who are in trouble.
她是一位好心的女士,经常对那些陷入困境的人表示怜悯。
(2)We were at the mercy of the weather.
我们受制于天气。
(3)It is said that you are a just but merciful man.据说你是一个正直仁慈的人。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)He will be generous and (mercy) to those who are weaker than himself.
(2)So pitifully did she plead that the Baron grew calm and decided to have mercy her.
(3)They showed little mercy the enemies.
(4)The boat was the mercy of the rapid river in the storm.
merciful
on
to
at
3.【教材原文】The sea is home to life,not human beings' possessions.(page 32)
海洋是生命的家园,而不是人类的私产。
考点possession n. [usually pl.]个人财产;拥有;控制
take possession of拥有;占领
in possession of sth 占有(或拥有)某物(表主动)
in the possession of sb 为某人所有(表被动)
come into possession of 继承
possess vt.拥有;具有(特质);支配
语境领悟
(1)We didn't take possession of the car until a few days after the auction.
拍卖会过后几天,我们才正式拿到那辆车。
(2)When his father died,he came into possession of a number of local farms.
他父亲去世后,他继承了好几个当地的农场。
(3)Please keep in mind that only by possessing a good state of mind can you be likely to attain success.
请记住只有拥有良好的心态你才有可能获得成功。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)People lost their homes and all their (possess) in the war.
一句多译
据我所知,他拥有一个大公司。
(2)As far as I know,he is a large company.
possessions
in possession of
(3)As far as I know,a large company is
him.
(4)As far as I know,he a large company.
in the possession of
possesses
4.【教材原文】We need to understand what is happening to our planet so that we can take action.(page 32)
我们需要了解我们的星球正在发生什么,这样我们才能采取行动。
考点take action采取措施;采取行动
in action在活动中;在运转
out of action不能工作;失去作用;停止运转
语境领悟
(1)Just press the button to see your favourite character in action.
只要按一下按键就可以看到你喜欢的角色表演。
(2)The photocopier is out of action today.
复印机今天出故障了。
学以致用
完成句子
(1)是我们采取措施保护水资源的时候了。
It's time that we the water resources.
(2)他是个非常出色的网球手,你应该看看他的实地比赛。
He is a very good tennis player.You ought to see him
.
took action to protect
in action
(3)受伤意味着他有六周不能正常工作。
His injury means he will be for six weeks.
out of action
句 型 剖 析
1.【教材原文】Plastic pollution is also bad,killing many birds and fish,and has even been found in our tap water.(page 32)
塑料污染也十分严重,导致许多鸟类和鱼类死亡,甚至在我们的自来水中也发现了塑料污染。
句法分析
killing many birds and fish是动词-ing形式短语,在句中作结果状语。动词-ing形式作结果状语,表示一种自然而然的结果。动词-ing形式还可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步或伴随动作。动词不定式作结果状语,表示一种意料之外的结果。
语境领悟
(1)Her husband died,leaving her three kids to look after.
她丈夫去世了,留下三个孩子需要她照顾。
(2)Being poor,he couldn't afford a TV set.
他很穷,买不起一台电视机。
(3)Working hard,you'll surely succeed.
努力学习,你一定能成功。
(4)Having lived here for four years,I am not familiar with my neighbours.虽然我在这儿住了四年,但我对邻居们都还不熟悉。
(5)The news reporters hurried to the airport,only to be told that the scientist had left.
新闻记者们匆忙赶到机场,结果却被告知那位科学家已经离开了。
学以致用
句型转换(用动词-ing形式)
(1)If you think hard,you'll find a good way.
→ ,you'll find a good way.
(2)As we don't know her address,we can't get in touch with her.
→ ,we can't get in touch with her.
Thinking hard
Not knowing her address
(3)When I was walking in the street,I saw a tailor's shop.
→ ,I saw a tailor's shop.
(4)Four people entered the room and looked around in a curious way.
→Four people entered the room,______________________
.
Walking in the street
looking around in a
curious way
2.【教材原文】It may help us discover new medicines,as well as new sources of food and energy.(page 32)
这可能还会帮助我们发现新的药物,以及新的食物和能源
来源。
句法分析
本句是简单句。as well as连接并列的两个名词短语作discover的宾语。as well as意为“也;还有”。
(1)as well as用作连词,连接两个相同的成分,强调的重点在前面,意为“不但……而且……;既……又……”,通常不位于句首。
(2)as well as用作介词,相当于besides和in addition to,意为“除……之外”,后面通常接名词或动词-ing形式。
(3)may/might as well表示委婉的建议,一般是针对当时的情况提出另外的提议,意思是“不妨……;还是……为好”。
(4)当“A as well as B”结构作主语时,谓语动词应与A在人称和数方面保持一致。
语境领悟
(1)The old people as well as the children like this film.
老人还有儿童都喜欢这部电影。
(2)As well as walking,he likes fishing.
他除散步之外还喜欢钓鱼。
(3)She can play tennis as well as basketball.
她既会打篮球,也会打网球。
(4)There's nothing I can do about the problem,so I might as well go with the flow.
这个问题我无能为力,所以不如就顺其自然好了。
(5)You can't expect her to do the housework as well as look after the children.
你不可能叫她既照看小孩又做家务。
学以致用
完成句子
(1)老师和学生都爱听英语歌曲。
The teachers enjoy listening to English songs.
(2)除学习英语之外,我们还想体验美国生活。
,we want to experience life in the USA.
as well as the students
As well as learning English
(3)既然你已开始了这项工作,索性把它做完吧。
Since you have started the job,you
.
(4)我们既给墙壁上刷油漆,又修房顶。
We are repairing the roof,______ ______ ______ __________
.
may/might as well finish it
as well as painting
the walls(共51张PPT)
Section Ⅱ Learning About Language
词 汇 认 知
重点单词
1. n.锦标赛;联赛
2. n.笔记本电脑;便携式电脑
3. vt.对……征税;使纳税 n.税;税款
4.manned adj.
5.submersible n.
6.underwater adv. adj.
7. n.胶囊;太空舱
8.coral n.
tournament
laptop
tax
有人控制的;需人操纵的
潜水器;可潜船
在水下
水下的
capsule
珊瑚
词汇拓展
1.politics n.政治;政治观点→ n.政治家;政客
→ adj.政治的;政府的;政权的
2.profession n.职业;行业→ adj.专业的;职业的 n.专业人士;专家→ n.教授
3.mixture n. 混合;结合体;混合物→ vt.& vi.(使) 混合;融合
politician
political
professional
professor
mix
4.coverage n.新闻报道;覆盖范围→ vt.掩蔽;遮盖;覆盖 n.覆盖物;掩蔽物
5.applaud vt.& vi.鼓掌 vt. 称赞;赞赏→ n.鼓掌
cover
applause
重点短语
1.due 由于;因为
2.grow 成长;长大
3. return 作为回应;作为(对……的)回报
4.come (预言等)成事实;实现
to
up
in
true
语法图解
不定式
探究发现
1.To stop the work now seems impossible.
2.It is not easy for us to give up what we have possessed.
3.We will arrange to see him tomorrow.
4.They preferred not to put this on the agenda.
5.I didn't expect you to arrive here so soon.
6.He was delighted to see his old friend again.
7.A group of young people got together to discuss this question.
8.The whole nation was in deep sorrow to learn the death of the great hero.
9.His wish is to buy a car in the near future.
10.He was the first athlete to get to the finishing line.
不定式是英语动词的非谓语形式之一,具有名词、形容词和副词的特征,在句子中可以充当 、 、 、
、 和 等成分。不定式不会随着时间、人称的变化而变化,永远是“to + 动词原形”的形式,只不过有的to 可以省略,有的to不能省略。其否定形式是在to前面加上not,即“not to+ ”。
主语
宾语
表语
定语
宾语补足语
状语
动词原形
词 汇 精 讲
1.【教材原文】Henry Norman Bethune devoted his life and profession to helping people without expecting anything in return.(page 28)
亨利·诺曼·白求恩把他的生命和职业生涯都用来帮助人们,而不求任何回报。
考点profession n.职业;行业
enter/go into/join a profession 加入一个行业
by profession 在职业上
professional adj.专业的;职业的 n.专业人士;专家
professor n.教授
语境领悟
(1)She was at the very top of her profession.
她是她那个行业中的佼佼者。
(2)My brother was an electrician by profession.
我哥哥的职业是电工。
(3)Most of the people on the course were professional women.
参加本课程的大多数人是职业女性。
(4)He was made professor at the age of 40.
他40岁时就成了教授。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)It is easy to go a profession but hard to become a master.
(2)She's a nurse profession and now runs a counselling service for women.
(3)We've always regarded him as a man of integrity and
high (profession) competence.
into
by
professional
2.【教材原文】Reaching out across the sea is often a mixture of danger and boredom.(page 28)
跨越海洋经常是危险和枯燥的混合。
考点mixture n.混合;结合体;混合物
mix vt.& vi.(使)混合;融合
mix with混合;融合;交往
mix A with B将A和B混合
mix up弄错;弄乱
mix...up with...误以为……是……;弄错
be/get mixed up in sth 卷入(不正当的事);与某事有牵连
be/get mixed up with sb与(不适合的人)交往
mixed adj.混合的;混杂的
语境领悟
(1)We listened to the news with a mixture of surprise and horror.
我们怀着惊恐交加的心情收听了这则消息。
(2)Put a small amount of the powder into a container and mix with water.
把少量粉末放入容器,与水混合。
(3)Someone has mixed up all the application forms.
有人把所有申请表都弄乱了。
(4)People often mix me up with my brother.
人们常常把我同我哥哥弄混。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)The city is a (mix) of old and new buildings.
(2)Don't mix the two kinds of vegetable seeds.
(3)The party gave me a chance to mix the other students.
(4)We should never get (mix) up in the illegal organisation.
mixture
up
with
mixed
3.【教材原文】The crowd stood to applaud scientists for their important ocean research work.(page 29)
观众站起来为科学家们鼓掌,因为他们重要的海洋研究工作。
考点applaud vt.& vi.鼓掌 vt.称赞;赞赏
applaud sb for sth 因某事称赞某人
applause n.鼓掌
语境领悟
(1)He started to applaud and the others joined in.
他开始鼓掌,其他人也跟着鼓起掌来。
(2)They rose to applaud the speaker.
他们起立向这位演讲者鼓掌。
(3)He should be applauded for his courage.
他应该因为自己的勇气而被称赞。
(4)They greeted him with thunderous applause.
他们用雷鸣般的掌声欢迎他。
学以致用
单句语法填空
(1)His speech was greeted with a storm of _____________ (applaud).
(2)His efforts to improve the situation are to
(applaud).
(3)I applaud her having the courage to refuse.
applause
be applauded
for
句 型 剖 析
【教材原文】In the deepest spot of all stands the Sea King's castle,which has walls of coral and a roof formed of beautiful shells.(page 29)
海王城堡矗立在海的最深处,它的墙壁由珊瑚砌成,顶部由漂亮的贝壳构成。
句法分析
“In the deepest spot of all stands the Sea King's castle”是倒装结构,正常语序为“the Sea King's castle stands in the deepest spot of all”。
介词短语作地点状语置于句首时,句子用完全倒装句式。
语境领悟
(1)On the door hung a big sign.
门上挂着一个大招牌。
(2)Over the wall came a shower of stones.
从墙上飞来一阵石块。
(3)Round the corner came Mrs Porter.
波特夫人在拐角处出现了。
(4)On the top of the hill stood an old castle.
山顶上矗立着一座古堡。
学以致用
将下列句子改为完全倒装句
(1)An old farmer was sitting under the big tree.
→
(2)A group of tourists came along the dusty road.
→
Under the big tree was sitting an old farmer.
Along the dusty road came a group of tourists.
(3)Mcgrady is lying on the floor.
→
(4)My English teacher stood in the front of the classroom.
→
On the floor is lying Mcgrady.
In the front of the classroom stood my English teacher.
语法精析
不定式
不定式是英语动词的非谓语形式之一,形式上由“to+动词原形”构成。不定式仍保留着动词的部分特性,可以带宾语和状语构成不定式短语,有时态和语态的变化。句法功能上,动词不定式(短语)与名词、形容词或副词作用类似,在句子中可以充当主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、宾语补足语等成分。
一、动词不定式的时态与语态
动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,但有时态和语态的变化。
时态 主动语态 被动语态
一般时 to do to be done
完成时 to have done to have been done
进行时 to be doing
I plan to attend the meeting to be held tomorrow.
我打算参加明天举行的会议。
They are said to be studying psychology.
据说他们正在研究心理学。
I'm very sorry to have kept you sitting around doing nothing.
让你一直无所事事闲坐着我很抱歉。
No harm seems to have been done.
似乎并没有什么危害发生。
不定式的“被动”与“否定”
(1)不定式的被动式表示其逻辑主语为不定式动作的承受者。
It's a great honour for me to be invited to Mary's birthday party.
对我来说,被邀请参加玛丽的生日聚会是一件非常荣幸的事情。
(2)不定式的否定式通常是将否定词not或never置于不定式之前,即构成not to do 或never to do 这样的形式。
They took a vote and decided not to go to Beijing.
他们进行了表决,决定不去北京了。
How many times has your mother told you never to talk to strangers
你妈妈告诉过你多少次了不要和陌生人说话
二、动词不定式的句法功能
1.作主语
动词不定式作主语时,其位置有以下两种:
(1)不定式置于句首。
To get there by bike will take us half an hour.
骑自行车到那儿将花费我们半个小时。
To lean out of the window is dangerous.
把身体伸出窗外是危险的。
(2)用it作形式主语,把真正的主语置于句末。
It's our duty to take good care of the old.
照顾好老人是我们的责任。
It is difficult for us to finish writing the composition in a quarter of an hour.
我们难以在十五分钟内完成这篇作文。
2.作宾语
(1)下列动词(短语)只能用不定式作宾语,请牢记下面的口诀:
决心学会想希望,拒绝设法愿假装 decide/determine,learn,want,expect/hope/wish;refuse,manage,would like,pretend
主动答应选计划,同意请求帮一帮 offer,promise,choose,plan;agree,ask/beg,
help
The Browns decide to go on a holiday this summer.
布朗一家人打算今年夏天去度假。
You must learn to look after yourself.
你必须学着照顾自己。
(2)在某些动词如find,think,consider,feel,make,believe后,常用it作形式宾语,然后加宾语补足语,最后加不定式作真正的宾语。
We think it our duty to protect the environment.
我们认为保护环境是我们的责任。
3.作表语
动词不定式置于系动词后作表语时,常表示将来的动作或起解释说明的作用,其主语常常是dream、wish、idea、plan、ask、purpose、duty、job、task等表示意向、打算、职责等意义的词。
His dream is to become an astronaut.
他的梦想是成为一名宇航员。
My main task is to get this company running smoothly.
我的主要任务是使这家公司运转顺利。
4.作定语
动词不定式作定语通常位于所修饰的词之后。
(1)不定式作定语表示将来的动作。
There are still many problems to be solved before we are ready for a long stay on the moon.
在我们准备好长时间停留在月球上之前,还有许多问题要解决。
(2)不定式常放在某些抽象名词如time、way、reason、chance、opportunity、ability、promise、attempt等或代词如something、nothing、anything等后作定语。
The best way to strengthen willpower is to make it into a habit.
增强意志力最好的方法就是让它成为一种习惯。
It’s time to go to bed.
该睡觉了。
如果作定语的不定式是不及物动词,或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等,不定式后需要加相应的介词。
I need a pen to write with.
我需要一支钢笔写字。
(3)不定式用来修饰被序数词、最高级或no、all、any、the last、the only、the next等限定的中心词,且与中心词为逻辑上的主动关系。
He is the best man to do the job.
他是做这项工作的最佳人选。
He is always the first to arrive at the school and the last to leave the school.
他总是第一个到校,最后一个离校。
5.作宾语补足语
通常可跟不定式作宾语补足语的动词有advise、allow、ask、bear、beg、cause、encourage、expect、forbid、force、get、hate、help、intend、invite、leave、like、need、order、permit、persuade、prefer、request、remind、teach、tell、trouble、want、warn、wish等。
He didn’t allow the students to go there.
他没让学生们去那儿。
I tried to persuade him to leave, but he wouldn’t listen.
我试图劝他离开,可他不听。
6.作状语
(1)作目的状语。
To make some of my landscape shots,I have traveled up to four hours away to shoot within a 10-minute time frame.
为了拍摄我的一些风景照片,我走了四个小时的路,只为了十分钟的拍摄。
(2)作结果状语。不定式作结果状语常表示令人意外的结果,有时前面加only,以加强语气。常用于下列结构中:
only to do 表示意想不到的结果
enough to do 足够做……
too...to do 太……而不能……
so/such...as to...如此……以至于……
Tom took a taxi to the airport,only to find that the plane had taken off.
汤姆乘出租车去了机场,结果发现飞机已经起飞了。
He is old enough to go to school. 他到上学的年龄了。
(3)作原因状语。表示喜、怒、哀、乐等的形容词作表语时,后可接不定式作原因状语,用以说明产生这种心理活动或情绪的原因,常用于这类结构的形容词有sorry、surprised、disappointed、excited、glad、happy、anxious、delighted、pleased、foolish等。
We were surprised to find the temple still in its original condition.
令我们吃惊的是,这座寺庙仍保持着最初的样子。
I’m pleased to tell you that I’m getting along well with all my teachers and classmates.
我很高兴地告诉你,我和我所有的老师和同学相处得都很好。
即学即练
单句语法填空
(1)I encourage readers to go to their local library when they can't afford (purchase) a book.
(2)A housewarming party is a special party
(hold) when someone moves into a new apartment or house.
to purchase
to purchase
完成句子
(3)当你不用车的时候,锁车是有必要的。
It's necessary when you do not use it.
(4)他不给他们任何东西,这显得自私了。
not to give them anything.
for you to lock the car
It seemed selfish of him
(5)我在准备参加星期一的考试。
I am preparing on Monday.
(6)她发现不可能这样快完成这项工作。
She found it impossible .
(7)为了保护自然的平衡,我们应该注意提高人们的环境意识。
_______ ______ ________ ________ ________ ________,we should pay attention to improving people’s environmental awareness.
to take the examination
to finish the work so soon
To protect the balance of nature
(8)父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。
Father does not allow us .
(9)为了保持清醒,他们坐在地板上唱歌。
,they sat on the floor and sang.
to play in the street
To keep themselves awake
句型转换(用不定式结构)
(10)We pretended that we were working hard when he came in.
→We pretended .
(11)It is said that he has written a new book about workers.
→He is said .
to be working hard when he came in
to have written a new book about workers
(12)It's an honour that I can be asked to speak here.
→It's an honour .
(13)Are you going to the banquet that will be held at the embassy
→Are you going to the banquet
for me to be asked to speak here
to be held at the embassy(共14张PPT)
单元核心素养整合
单元小结
Ⅰ.重点单词
1.extend vt.扩展;使伸长;延长→ n.扩大;延伸
→ adj. 广泛的;广阔的
2.negotiate vt.商定;达成(协议) vi.谈判;磋商;协商
→ n.谈判;磋商;协商
3.withdraw vi.& vt.(使)撤回;撤离→ n.撤走;收回;取款
extension
extensive
negotiation
withdrawal
4.politics n.政治;政治观点→ n. 政治家;政客
→ adj.政治的;政府的;政权的
5.profession n.职业;行业→ adj.专业的;职业的 n.专业人士;专家→ n. 教授
6.mixture n.混合;结合体;混合物→ vt.& vi.(使)混合;融合
7.coverage n.新闻报道;覆盖范围→ vt.掩蔽;遮盖;覆盖 n.覆盖物;掩蔽物
politician
political
professional
professor
mix
cover
8.applaud vt.& vi.鼓掌 vt.称赞;赞赏→ n.鼓掌
9.migration n.迁移;迁徙;移居→ vi.迁徙;移居
→ n.候鸟;移民
10.exploit vt.开发;利用;剥削→ n.剥削;榨取;利用;开发;开采
11.mercy n.仁慈;宽恕;恩惠→ adj.宽大的;仁慈的;慈悲的→ adj.残忍的;毫不怜悯的
12.possession n.[usually pl.]个人财产;拥有;控制
→ vt.拥有;具有(特质);支配
applause
migrate
migrant
exploitation
merciful
merciless
possess
Ⅱ.重点短语
1. 形成……的基础
2. 起航;开航
3. 独领风骚
4. 在……的指挥下
5. 退出;撤回
6. 伸出
form the foundation of
set sail
in a league of one's own
under the command of
withdraw from
reach out
7. 为了……的利益
8. 在手头;可供使用
9. 由于;因为
10. (预言等)成事实;实现
11. 执行;实行;落实
12. 采取措施;采取行动
for the benefit of
in hand
due to
come true
carry out
take action
Ⅲ.重点句型
1.there be+名词/名词词组+动词不定式/动词-ing形式/动词-ed形式
Although the ancient sea routes of Zheng He have been travelled many times,there are still many other places
to explore.
尽管郑和的古代海上路线已经重走很多次了,但仍有许多其他地方有待探索。
left
2.完全倒装结构
spot of all stands the Sea King's castle,which has walls of coral and a roof formed of beautiful shells.
海王城堡矗立在海的最深处,它的墙壁由珊瑚砌成,顶部由漂亮的贝壳构成。
In the deepest
3.动词-ing形式短语作结果状语
Plastic pollution is also bad, many birds and fish,and has even been found in our tap water.
塑料污染也十分严重,导致许多鸟类和鱼类死亡,甚至在我们的自来水中也发现了塑料污染。
killing
Ⅳ.重点语法
不定式
1.It was important for us (live) a low-carbon life.
2.The ability (express) an idea is as important as the idea itself.
3. (make) it easier to get in touch with us,you'd better keep this card.
4.She was surprised (see) George walk in.
to live
to express
To make
to see
Ⅴ.功能意念
Expressing Sequence
First(ly),...首先,……
Second(ly),...其次,……
Third(ly),...再次,……
First of all,...首先,……
Then/After that/Afterwards/Next/Later on...然后/在那之后/后来/接下来/随后……
In the end/At last,...最后,……
At that time...那时候……
It began when...开始于……
Meanwhile...同时……
Later...随后……
Finally...最后……
词汇串记
Recently our class had a heated discussion on whether the sea is worth exploring.Students hold different ideas about it.
30% of us think sea exploration is not worthwhile,holding the opinion that it will pollute the underwater conditions,leading to creatures being destroyed,such as corals,shells,fish and so on. Some people hunt marine animals without mercy,causing them to die out.
However,70% of us think the sea is worth exploring.We must explore the sea so that we can better understand our planet. Moreover,the sea is abundant in a variety of resources.
As far as I am concerned,it's worthwhile to explore the sea for the benefit of future generations.Meanwhile,we should exploit the sea properly.
