Unit 2 Sports and Fitness 语法定语从句 课件-2025-2026学年高中英语北师大版必修第一册

(共49张PPT)
定语从句
Attributive Clause
Unit 2
Unit 2 Sports and Fitness
定语与定语从句
PART 1
The definition of the attribute:
1. This is a flower basket.
2. This is a basket full of flowers.
3. This is a flower basket bought by my friend.
4. This is a flower basket which was bought by my friend .
定语: 修饰名词或代词的成分，用来说明名词或代词的品质与特征。
1.定语主要有形容词，名词，介词短语，非谓语，句子；常译为“……的”
2.在所修饰词之前的定语叫前置定语，在所修饰词之后的定语叫后置定语。
3. 单个的词作定语时要放于被修饰词的前面，短语或从句作定语时要放于被修饰词的后面。
which
who
which
which
who
whose
that
定语从句
He is a teacher who likes playing football.
定语从句:在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词及修饰整个主句的从句叫做定语从句，其作用相当于形容词。
先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词、代词或句子。
关系词：引导定语从句, 并替代先行词在定语从句中充当一定的成分。
定语从句
likes playing football
关系词
teacher
先行词
There were buildings which had been destroyed by the earthquake.
关系词
先行词
The gold medal which she won has been given to her old school.
关系词
先行词
buildings
had been destroyed by the earthquake
定语从句
gold medal
she won
定语从句
which
which
Read the sentences. Circle the relative pronouns and underline the relative clauses.
1. When we weren’t playing on the court which was next to our
building, we were watching a game on TV.
2. Paul’s favourite player was a guy who played for the Charlotte
Hornets.
3. Paul was someone who worked really hard for the team.
Activity 1. Ex9 P32
4. He didn’t know he’d soon get the chance that he’d been waiting for.
5. They were playing The Bears, a team whose record was perfect.
Read the sentences. Circle the relative pronouns and underline the relative clauses.
Activity 1. Ex9 P32
定 语 从 句 的 关 系 词
PART 2
定语从句的关系词
定语从句的关系词
关系代词
关系副词
who
whom
that
which
whose
where
when
why
关系词的三个作用:
引导定语从句
代替先行词
在定语从句中担当一个成分
This is a flower basket which was bought by my friend.
The novel is very interesting. I have read it.
The novel is very interesting. I have read which.
How to write an attributive clause
The novel which I have read is very interesting.
The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.
we saw yesterday is Mary.
The girl
whom
The girl
her
The girl whom we saw yesterday is Mary.
The girl
Ex 5 P48
1)_________________________________________________________
2)_________________________________________________________
3)_________________________________________________________
4)_________________________________________________________
My favourite sports star is a tennis player who is energetic and skillful.
She is a talented tennis player who has won many awards.
That year, she not only won second place in the Australia Open but also won the trophyin the French Open , which are both world-class tournaments.
She is an excellent player whose fans all support her and wish her the best.
定语从句的关系词
定语从句的关系词
关系代词
关系副词
who
whom
that
which
whose
where
when
why
关系词的三个作用:
引导定语从句
代替先行词
在定语从句中担当一个成分
This is a flower basket which was bought by my friend.
关系代词的用法
1. 关系代词who
The number of people who were killed in the disaster was over 100.
He is the athlete who I met yesterday.
指人：作主语
指人：作宾语
总结：关系代词who指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
定语从句的关系词
2. 关系代词whom
The boy whom the teacher often praises is their monitor.
The girl whom the soldier rescued yesterday is John’s sister.
The man with whom you talked just now is my captain.
总结：
(1)关系代词whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，常可省略，也可用who/that来代替。
(2)在从句中作介词的宾语且直接跟在介词后时，用whom，不用who或that。
宾语（人）
宾语（人）
宾语（人）
定语从句的关系词
3. 关系代词which
There were buildings which had been destroyed by the earthquake.
The gold medal which she won has been given to her old school.
指物：作主语
指物：作宾语
总结：关系代词which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。
定语从句的关系词
4. 关系代词that
Yesterday I read an article that was about natural disasters.
Do you know the girl that is talking with our teacher
The woman (that) I read about in the newspaper has just won a gold medal.
The report (that) Mr Turner handed in was about the motor race.
指物：作主语
指人：作主语
指人：作宾语
指物：作宾语
总结：
that既可以指人，相当于who或whom；也可以指物，相当于which。
在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。
定语从句的关系词
5.关系代词whose
This is the boy whose parents were killed in the great earthquake.
The classroom whose door is broken can hold 40 students.
指人：作定语
指物：作定语
总结：关系代词whose通常指人的，也可指物的，（表示某人的，某物的，先行词和whose后的名词是所属关系）在定语从句中作定语。
关 系 代 词 指人和物 在从句中作主语或宾语
指物 在从句中作主语或宾语
指人 在从句中作主语或宾语
在从句中作宾语
指人和物 在从句中作定语
Summary
that
which
who
whom
whose
Ex 12 P33
which/that
which/that
who/that
whose
whom/that
/
/
/
Choose the correct relative pronouns.
1) My uncle was a fan who/ which tried to attend every game.
2) The baseball team who / which my cousin plays for is doing really well this year.
3) I am a friend of the girl whose / that brother is such a great baseball player.
4) My cousin has the ball that / whose was used during last year’s championship.
Ex 4 P83
who was usually a replacement/on the bench
who was also only 1.6 metres tall
which was called The Lions
which made him a hero
Ex 10 P33
Add relative clauses to complete the sentences so that they are true about you.
1) I enjoy doing sports that______________________________.
2) I like meeting people who_____________________________.
3) I often listen to music which___________________________.
4) I have a friend whose_________________________________.
Ex 5 P83
册 P39
who scored the winning goal
which won the championship
whose strategies were brilliant
which was held
which combines
who trains the hardest
which the gymnastes use
whose popularity is growing worldwide
which hosted the Olympics
who aims for the gold medal
which took place
who cheered the loudest
who enjoys watching football games
that happened in the game
who played in the final game
☆关系代词that 六 用
1. 当先行词是all, everything, anything, nothing, none, one等不定代词时，只用that
2. 当先行词被all, some, much, little, few等不定代词修饰时，只用that
3.当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时，只用that
4.当先行词被the only, the last, the same, the very等修饰时，只用that
5.当先行词中既有人又有物时，只用that
6.当主句是以who,which引导时，定语从句的关系代词只用that
1. 介词之后不用
2. 逗号之后不用（非限制性定语从句）
3. 替代先行词在从句中做宾语时，可省略
☆关系代词that三不用
特 别 提 醒
PART 3
用 法 区 别
1. 当先行词是all, (a) little, (a) few, much, something, anything，everything, nothing. some等不定代词或者被all, any, much, few, little, no等词修饰时。
Abby told me everything (that) she knew.
All that can be done has been done.
There is little (that) I can do for you.
Any man that/who has a sense of duty won't do such a thing.
在下列情况下，关系词用that而不用which
用 法 区 别
2. 当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。
The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben.
This is the best movie that I have ever seen.
This is the very good magazine that I left on the playground.
After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owned.
3. 当先行词被the very/only/same/last 修饰时：
在下列情况下，关系词用that而不用which
用 法 区 别
在下列情况下，关系词用that而不用which
4. 当先行词前有who,which等疑问代词时：
Who is the man that is standing there
He talked happily of the things and people that he remembered studying in the school.
Which is the T-shirt that fits me the most
5. 当先行词既有人，又有物时：
用 法 区 别
在下列情况下，关系词只能用which
1. 介词前置时，关系代词只能用which：
I attend such activities regularly, from which I benefit a lot.
Bruce doesn’t listen to any advice, which makes his mother very annoyed.
2. 引导非限制性定语从句修饰某物或整个句子时，只能用which
用 法 区 别
在下列情况下，关系词宜用who不宜用that
(1)当先行词是I, you, he, they等人称代词或指人的不定代词, 如one, ones, anyone时。
Anyone who does that must be mad.
He who doesn’t reach the Great Wall is not a true man. 不到长城非好汉。
(2)当先行词为指人的those时。
Those who have good manners will be highly respected.
特殊情况
the way 作先行词
I don’t like the way (in which/that) you talk to me.
如果the way 在定语从句中作状语，其关系词有三种不同的表达方式：
the way + in which / that / 省略
定 语 从 句的 谓 语 动 词
PART 4
定语从句的谓语动词的形式
The suitcase which lies on the ground is hers.
lies
总结1：关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词要和先行词的数保持一致。
定语从句的谓语动词的形式
This is one of the books which were written by Charles Dickens.
这是查尔斯·狄更斯所写的书的其中一本。
总结2：“one of＋复数名词”作先行词，谓语动词用复数形式；
were
定语从句的谓语动词的形式
He is the only one of the boys in our class who has learned French. 他是我们班男生中唯一一个学过法语的。
总结3：“the only one of＋复数名词”作先行词，谓语动词用单数形式。
has
drills
1) Here are some of the people ________ homes were destroyed by the typhoon"
2) The terrible shaking of the building woke up all the people _______were asleep.
3) The next day, people put up shelters in the open air using anything ________ they could find.
4 )Several days later, most of the buildings _____________had been damaged by the hurricane were repaired.
5） The injured boy _________ mother was lost in the disaster was taken to the hospital.
that/which
that
who/that
whose
whose
P 52
drills
6. The woman wrote a thank-you letter to the soldier by ______________she was rescued.
7. Is this the young boy __________ saved several other students trapped under buildings
8. She says that she’ll never forget the time ________ she’s spent working as a secretary in our company.
9. On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, ________ parents were seated together joking.
who/that
whom
that
whose
drills
The CCTV reporter is interviewing a woman.
The woman 's family survived the earthquake. (whose)
The CCTV reporter is interviewing a woman whose family survived the earthquake.
Use an Attributive Clause to combine each pair of sentences.
drills
The people lost everything in the quake.
We need to help them prepare for the coming winter. (who)
We need to help the people who have lost everything in the quake prepare for the coming winter.
Use an Attributive Clause to combine each pair of sentences.
Thank You!
Thanks!
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