Unit 1 Career talks 单词详解
spiderman n. “蜘蛛人”（指高空作业人员）
wet adj. 湿的，潮的，潮湿的
drop n. （液体的）滴
sweat n. 汗，汗水
watermelon n. 西瓜
remind v. 使想起（故人或旧事）
newborn adj. 新生的
brush n. 刷子；毛刷
speech n. 演说，演讲
challenging adj. 富于挑战性的；困难而有趣的
context n. 上下文，语境
company n. 公司
interview n. 面试，面谈
communication n. 信息交流；沟通
skill n. 技能，技巧，技艺
personality n. 个性，性格
require v. 需要
organise v. 组织，策划，安排
throughout prep. 在整个期间，自始至终
benefit n. 好处，益处，裨益
leadership n. 领导才能，领导素质
training n. 训练，培训
programme n. 计划
career n. 职业，事业
cashier n. 出纳员
necessary adj. 必要的，必需的，必不可少的
replace v. 以……替换，更换
human adj. 人的，人类的
pilot n. （飞机或飞行器的）驾驶员，飞行员
autopilot n. 自动驾驶仪
tourism n. 旅游业，观光业
surely adv. 确实地，无疑地
provide v. 提供，供应，供给
low adj. （数量、水平或价值）少的，低的
beyond adv. 在更远处；往更远处
virtual adj. 虚拟的，模拟的
reality n. 真实；现实
fashionable adj. 时髦的，流行的
market n. 市场
1. spiderman / spa d m n/n. “蜘蛛人”（指高空作业人员）
【常见搭配】work as a spiderman
【原文例句】I still remember my first summer as a “spiderman”. (P4)
【中考考点】特定职业名词的理解，注意其比喻义与超级英雄的区别。复数形式为 spidermen。
【经典例题】
He works high up on skyscrapers to clean windows. His job is very dangerous. He is a ________.
A. fireman B. policeman C. spiderman D. postman
答案：C
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2. wet /wet/adj. 湿的，潮的，潮湿的
【常见搭配】wet clothes, get wet, all wet
【原文例句】I was wet all over. (P4)
【中考考点】形容词作表语；反义词 dry；比较级 wetter，最高级 wettest。
【经典例题】
After walking in the heavy rain, his shoes were completely ________.
A. dry B. wet C. clean D. warm
答案：B
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3. drop /dr p/n. （液体的）滴
【常见搭配】a drop of water/rain/sweat, drop by drop
【原文例句】Drops of sweat fell in my eyes. (P4)
【中考考点】可数名词；固定短语 a drop of + 不可数名词；复数形式 drops。
【经典例题】
There‘s not much milk left — just ________ in the bottle.
A. a drop of B. drop of C. a bottle of D. bottle of
答案：A
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4. sweat /swet/n. 汗，汗水
【常见搭配】be covered in sweat, break out in a sweat
【原文例句】Drops of sweat fell in my eyes. (P4)
【中考考点】不可数名词。通常不加复数，表示“辛苦的工作”或“流汗的过程”时可用复数 sweats，但不常见。
【经典例题】
After running for an hour, his shirt was wet with ________.
A. waters B. sweats C. sweat D. a sweat
答案：C
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5. watermelon / w t mel n/n. 西瓜
【常见搭配】a slice of watermelon, eat watermelon
【原文例句】That was the sweetest watermelon of my life. (P4)
【中考考点】可数名词，合成词记忆（water + melon）。复数形式 watermelons。
【经典例题】
On a hot summer day, nothing is better than a cold ________.
A. strawberry B. watermelon C. bread D. sandwich
答案：B
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6. remind /r ma nd/v. 使想起（故人或旧事）
【常见搭配】remind sb. of sth./sb., remind sb. to do sth.
【原文例句】I‘m reminded of some other friends I met through the glass. (P4)
【中考考点】固定搭配 remind sb. of sth.；动词不定式作宾补 remind sb. to do sth.。
【经典例题】
This old photo always ________ me of my happy childhood.
A. remembers B. reminds C. thinks D. misses
答案：B
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7. newborn / nju b n/adj. 新生的
【常见搭配】a newborn baby, newborn animals
【原文例句】There was this sweet newborn baby. (P4)
【中考考点】合成形容词，通常作定语，修饰名词。无比较级和最高级。
【经典例题】
The mother takes care of her ________ baby with great love.
A. newborn B. born-new C. newly-born D. bornnew
答案：A
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8. brush /br /n. 刷子；毛刷
【常见搭配】a toothbrush, a paint brush, brush one‘s teeth/hair
【原文例句】She laughed as her cat tried to “catch” my brush. (P5)
【中考考点】可数名词，复数形式 brushes。注意其与动词“刷”是同形词。
【经典例题】
You should ________ your teeth at least twice a day.
A. wash B. clean C. brush D. sweep
答案：C
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9. speech /spi t /n. 演说，演讲
【常见搭配】give/make a speech, an opening speech
【原文例句】Choose the best summary of the speech. (P6)
【中考考点】可数名词；复数形式 speeches；与 talk, lecture 的辨析（speech更正式）。
【经典例题】
The principal will give a ________ to all students at the school meeting.
A. say B. speak C. speech D. talking
答案：C
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10. challenging / t l nd /adj. 富于挑战性的；困难而有趣的
【常见搭配】a challenging job/problem, find sth. challenging
【原文例句】The past 30 years were filled with both challenges and joys. (P4) (此处是名词形式，但形容词由其派生)
【中考考点】形容词，描述事物特性，常作定语或表语。由名词 challenge 加 -ing 构成。
【经典例题】
Climbing that high mountain is a ________ task, but many people want to try.
A. challenged B. challenge C. challenging D. to challenge
答案：C
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11. context / k ntekst/n. 上下文，语境
【常见搭配】in the context of, understand sth. in context
【原文例句】The context can help you understand its meaning better. (P6)
【中考考点】可数/不可数名词；固定短语 in context（在上下文中）和 out of context（断章取义）。
【经典例题】
If you don‘t know the meaning of a word, you can often guess it from the ________.
A. contest B. content C. context D. contact
答案：C
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12. company / k mp ni/n. 公司
【常见搭配】a software company, work for a company
【原文例句】The company will hold a job interview next month. (P7)
【中考考点】可数名词，复数 companies。注意与不可数名词“陪伴”（keep pany）的一词多义。
【经典例题】
My father works for a big car ________ in Shanghai.
A. companion B. company C. factory D. office
答案：B
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13. interview / nt vju /n. 面试，面谈
【常见搭配】a job interview, have an interview with
【原文例句】The company will hold a job interview next month. (P7)
【中考考点】可数名词；动词与名词同形；短语 have an interview for（为…面试）。
【经典例题】
She did very well in the job ________ and got the position.
A. interview B. meeting C. conversation D. speech
答案：A
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munication /k mju n ke n/n. 信息交流；沟通
【常见搭配】communication skills, be in communication with
【原文例句】Excellent communication skills are expected. (P7)
【中考考点】不可数名词。常用复数 skills 表示“沟通技巧”。是动词 communicate 的名词形式。
【经典例题】
Good ________ is very important for a successful team.
A. communicate B. communicating C. communicated D. communication
答案：D
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15. skill /sk l/n. 技能，技巧，技艺
【常见搭配】practical skills, reading/writing skills
【原文例句】Excellent communication skills are expected. (P7)
【中考考点】作“具体技能”时为可数名词，常用复数 skills；作“技巧性”时为不可数名词。
【经典例题】
Learning a foreign language helps to improve your thinking ________.
A. skills B. skill C. skilled D. skillfully
答案：A
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16. personality / p s n l ti/n. 个性，性格
【常见搭配】a cheerful personality, personality development
【原文例句】A positive personality is required. (P7)
【中考考点】可数/不可数名词。指“一个人的性格”时为可数名词，复数 personalities。
【经典例题】
Everyone likes him because he has such a friendly and outgoing ________.
A. personal B. person C. personality D. personally
答案：C
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17. require /r kwa (r)/v. 需要
【常见搭配】require sth., require sb. to do sth.
【原文例句】A positive personality is required. (P7) （被动语态）
【中考考点】动词，语气比 need 正式。常见被动语态 be required to do sth.（被要求做某事）。
【经典例题】
All passengers ________ to show their tickets before getting on the train.
A. require B. are requiring C. are required D. required
答案：C
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18. organise / ɡ na z/ (美式拼写 organize)v. 组织，策划，安排
【常见搭配】organise a party/meeting/trip
【原文例句】Plan fun events that will be organised throughout the year ahead. (P7)
【中考考点】动词，后可接活动、事件等名词作宾语。名词形式为 organisation。
【经典例题】
Our monitor is good at ________ class activities.
A. organising B. organisation C. organised D. organises
答案：A
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19. throughout /θru a t/prep. 在整个期间，自始至终
【常见搭配】throughout the year/day/night, throughout the country/world
【原文例句】Plan fun events that will be organised throughout the year ahead. (P7)
【中考考点】介词，强调时间或空间上的“自始至终”或“遍及”。注意与 through（穿过）的区别。
【经典例题】
People ________ the world love to watch the Olympic Games.
A. throughout B. through C. though D. thought
答案：A
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20. benefit / ben f t/n. 好处，益处，裨益
【常见搭配】the benefits of exercise, for the benefit of
【原文例句】Benefits of joining our team… (P7)
【中考考点】可数名词，常用复数表示多种好处。动词形式为 benefit from（从…中受益）。
【经典例题】
Both teachers and students can ________ the new teaching method.
A. benefit B. benefit from C. beneficial D. benefits
答案：B
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21. leadership / li d p/n. 领导才能，领导素质
【常见搭配】show leadership, under the leadership of
【原文例句】Your leadership skills will be developed by our training programme. (P7)
【中考考点】不可数名词。由 leader（领导者）加后缀 -ship 构成，表示状态或性质。
【经典例题】
As the captain of the team, he showed great ________ during the competition.
A. leader B. leading C. leadership D. leaders
答案：C
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22. training / tre n /n. 训练，培训
【常见搭配】receive training in, training programme/course
【原文例句】Your leadership skills will be developed by our training programme. (P7)
【中考考点】不可数名词。动词 train 的动名词形式。
【经典例题】
All new employees must receive basic safety ________.
A. train B. trains C. training D. trained
答案：C
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23. programme / pr ɡr m/ (美式拼写 program)n. 计划
【常见搭配】a training programme, a TV programme
【原文例句】Your leadership skills will be developed by our training programme. (P7)
【中考考点】可数名词；一词多义（计划、节目、程序）。拼写区别（英式 programme，美式 program）。
【经典例题】
I watched an interesting ________ about wildlife on TV last night.
A. project B. plan C. programme D. progress
答案：C
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24. career /k r (r)/职业，事业
【常见搭配】a successful career, career development/planning
【原文例句】Career talks (单元标题)
【中考考点】可数名词。与 job（具体工作），occupation（正式职业）的辨析，强调长期发展和成就。
【经典例题】
After graduating from university, she started her ________ as a journalist.
A. job B. work C. career D. task
答案：C
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25. cashier /k (r)/n. 出纳员
【常见搭配】a bank cashier, work as a cashier
【原文例句】Cashiers in shops and supermarkets may not be necessary in the near future. (P13)
【中考考点】可数名词，职业类词汇。注意发音和拼写（-ier结尾）。
【经典例题】
When you pay for things in a supermarket, you usually give money to the ________.
A. waiter B. cashier C. driver D. manager
答案：B
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26. necessary / nes s ri/adj. 必要的，必需的，必不可少的
【常见搭配】be necessary for, if necessary
【原文例句】Cashiers in shops and supermarkets may not be necessary in the near future. (P13)
【中考考点】形容词；常用句型 It is necessary (for sb.) to do sth.；反义词 unnecessary。
【经典例题】
It is ________ for us to learn a foreign language in today‘s world.
A. necessarily B. necessity C. necessary D. necessaries
答案：C
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27. replace /r ple s/v. 以……替换，更换
【常见搭配】replace A with B, be replaced by
【原文例句】They may soon be replaced by machines. (P13)
【中考考点】动词；固定搭配 replace A with B（用B替换A）；被动语态 be replaced by（被…取代）。
【经典例题】
Many old houses in this area have been ________ by tall buildings.
A. placed B. instead C. replaced D. taken place
答案：C
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28. human / hju m n/adj. 人的，人类的
【常见搭配】human beings, human rights
【原文例句】Perhaps there will be no human pilots in the future! (P13)
【中考考点】形容词，作定语。作名词时意为“人”（= human being），复数 humans。
【经典例题】
Kindness and love are important parts of ________ nature.
A. person‘s B. people‘s C. human D. humans‘
答案：C
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29. pilot / pa l t/n. （飞机或飞行器的）驾驶员，飞行员
【常见搭配】an airline pilot, a fighter pilot
【原文例句】Perhaps there will be no human pilots in the future! (P13)
【中考考点】可数名词，职业类词汇。复数 pilots。
【经典例题】
The ________ announced that the plane would land in ten minutes.
A. driver B. sailor C. pilot D. captain (船)
答案：C
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30. autopilot / t pa l t/n. 自动驾驶仪
【常见搭配】fly on autopilot, switch on the autopilot
【原文例句】Autopilots were first used in planes over a century ago. (P13)
【中考考点】可数/不可数名词，科技类合成词（auto- 自动 + pilot）。复数 autopilots。
【经典例题】
On long flights, the plane often flies on ________ to give the pilots a rest.
A. automatic B. automation C. autopilot D. automobile
答案：C
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31. tourism / t r z m/n. 旅游业，观光业
【常见搭配】develop tourism, space tourism
【原文例句】Space tourism started over 20 years ago. (P13)
【中考考点】不可数名词。由 tourist（游客）派生而来，表示行业。
【经典例题】
________ is very important for the economy of this small island country.
A. Tourists B. Tourism C. Tour D. Traveling
答案：B
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32. surely / li, li/adv. 确实地，无疑地
【常见搭配】will surely succeed, Surely you remember him
【原文例句】In the future, travelling to space will surely be provided at a lower cost. (P13)
【中考考点】副词，表示肯定和确信，常用于将来时。与 certainly 近义。
【经典例题】
If you work hard, you will ________ pass the exam.
A. sure B. surely C. certain D. certainly (certainly也正确，但选项中没有)
答案：B
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33. provide /pr va d/v. 提供，供应，供给
【常见搭配】provide sth. for sb. = provide sb. with sth.
【原文例句】In the future, travelling to space will surely be provided at a lower cost. (P13)
【中考考点】动词；两种核心搭配 provide A for B 和 provide B with A 含义相同。
【经典例题】
The school ________ students with books and uniforms.
A. provides B. gives C. offers D. supplies (A、C、D近义，但A最符合搭配)
答案：A
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34. low /l /adj. （数量、水平或价值）少的，低的
【常见搭配】low price/temperature, in a low voice
【原文例句】… at a lower cost. (P13) (lower 是 low 的比较级)
【中考考点】形容词，反义词 high。比较级 lower，最高级 lowest。固定短语 in a low voice（低声地）。
【经典例题】
He spoke in such a ________ voice that I could hardly hear him.
A. low B. high C. loud D. small
答案：A
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35. beyond /b j nd/adv. 在更远处；往更远处
【常见搭配】look beyond, the mountains beyond
【原文例句】Space tour guides will be needed to lead people to the moon and beyond! (P13)
【中考考点】副词，表示空间上的“更远”。作介词时意为“超出”，如 beyond belief（难以置信）。
【经典例题】
The beauty of the mountains is ________ description.
A. over B. above C. beyond D. behind
答案：C
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36. virtual / v t u l/adj. 虚拟的，模拟的
【常见搭配】virtual reality (VR), a virtual world
【原文例句】Virtual reality fashion designer (P13)
【中考考点】形容词，科技相关词汇。常与 reality 搭配。
【经典例题】
With ________ reality technology, you can feel like you are in a different place.
A. true B. real C. actual D. virtual
答案：D
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37. reality /ri l ti/n. 真实；现实
【常见搭配】in reality, face reality, virtual reality
【原文例句】Virtual reality fashion designer (P13)
【中考考点】不可数名词。固定短语 in reality（实际上）。是形容词 real 的名词形式。
【经典例题】
His dream of becoming a singer finally became a ________.
A. real B. really C. reality D. realistic
答案：C
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38. fashionable / f n b( )l/adj. 时髦的，流行的
【常见搭配】fashionable clothes/hairstyles
【原文例句】People will need cool and fashionable clothes… (P13)
【中考考点】形容词，由名词 fashion（时尚）派生而来。反义词 old-fashioned（过时的）。
【经典例题】
This style of jeans was very ________ ten years ago, but not many people wear it now.
A. fashion B. fashionable C. fashionably D. fashioned
答案：B
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39. market / mɑ k t/n. 市场
【常见搭配】a farmer‘s market, the job market, on the market
【原文例句】How fast the job market changes! (P13)
【中考考点】可数名词；一词多义（具体场所如菜市场，抽象概念如就业市场）。复数 markets。
【经典例题】
The new product will be put on the ________ next month.
A. shop B. store C. supermarket D. market
答案：DUnit 2 Growing pains and gains
pm n. 下午（用于表示钟点的数字之后）
promise v. 许诺，保证，答应 n. 保证，承诺，诺言
tonight adv. （在）今晚
interrupt v. 打断（某人的）讲话；中断（某人的）行动；打扰
realise v. 知道；明白；认识到；顿悟
lamp n. 灯
blouse n. 女士宽松短衫，女衬衫
pale adj. 苍白的
attach v. 系；绑；贴
wrist n. 手腕
policewoman n. 女警察
elderly adj. 年老的，渐老的（委婉用法）
plot n. 情节
point n. 要点，重点，中心意思，主要含义
lazy adj. 懒洋洋度过的
sofa n. 长沙发
term n. 学期
conversation n. 谈话，交谈，会话
disagreement n. 意见不合，分歧，争论
peer n. 同龄人
pressure n. （工作或生活中的）压力
disappointed adj. 失望的，沮丧的
fail v. 失败，未做到
heartbreaking adj. 使人心碎的
skiing n. 滑雪运动
completely adv. 完全地，全部地，彻底地
upon prep. 在……上面
fall upon v. 落在（某人）身上
clearly adv. 清楚地，明白地
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单词详解
1. pm / pi em/n. 下午（用于表示钟点的数字之后）
【常见搭配】at 3 pm, from 9 am to 6 pm
【原文例句】The clock reads 10:27 pm. (P21)
【中考考点】时间表达法，与 am（上午）对应。需置于具体时间数字之后。
【经典例题】
The meeting will start at 2:30 ________.
A. pm B. am C. o‘clock D. morning
答案：A
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2. promise v. 许诺，保证，答应n. 保证，承诺，诺言
【常见搭配】
v.：promise to do sth., promise sb. sth.
n.：keep/break a promise, make a promise
【原文例句】
- v.：Yes, I promised to be back before 9 tonight. (P22)
- n.：Do you remember your promise (P22)
【中考考点】
1. 动词用法：promise (sb.) to do sth.。
2. 名词短语：make/keep a promise。
3. 区分 promise（承诺）和 allow（允许）。
【经典例题】
He ________ to help me with my homework.
A. allowed B. promised C. said D. told
答案：B
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3. tonight adv. （在）今晚
【常见搭配】tonight‘s news, see you tonight
【原文例句】Yes, I promised to be back before 9 tonight. (P22)
【中考考点】时间副词，表示“在今天晚上”。与 this evening 同义，但 tonight 更强调夜间。
【经典例题】
There will be a football match on TV ________.
A. today night B. night C. tonight D. yesterday night
答案：C
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4. interrupt v. 打断（某人的）讲话；中断（某人的）行动；打扰
【常见搭配】interrupt sb./sth., sorry to interrupt
【原文例句】Mum: (interrupting) A deal is a deal! (P22)
【中考考点】动词，后可接人或物作宾语。注意其名词形式为 interruption。
【经典例题】
It‘s impolite to ________ others when they are talking.
A. interrupt B. introduce C. interview D. interest
答案：A
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5. realise v. 知道；明白；认识到；顿悟
【常见搭配】realise sth., realise that…
【原文例句】On my way back, I realised that my phone was at Jiacheng‘s house. (P22)
【中考考点】动词，后可接名词或 that 从句。美式拼写为 realize。
【经典例题】
I didn‘t ________ how late it was until you called me.
A. realise B. recognise C. remember D. receive
答案：A
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6. lamp n. 灯
【常见搭配】a desk/table lamp, street lamp, turn on/off the lamp
【原文例句】Halfway back, I noticed an old woman under a street lamp. (P22)
【中考考点】可数名词。与 light（光；灯）近义，但 lamp 通常指具体的台灯、路灯等设备。
【经典例题】
She is reading under the ________ on her desk.
A. light B. lamp C. flash D. candle
答案：B
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7. blouse n. 女士宽松短衫，女衬衫
【常见搭配】a silk blouse, wear a blouse
【原文例句】She was wearing a thin blouse and it was cold. (P22)
【中考考点】可数名词，专指女性上装。区别于 shirt（多指男士衬衫或中性衬衫）。
【经典例题】
My mother bought a beautiful white ________ to match her skirt.
A. shirt B. blouse C. coat D. dress
答案：B
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8. pale adj. 苍白的
【常见搭配】look/turn/go pale, pale blue/green（淡蓝色/绿色）
【原文例句】She looked pale. (P22)
【中考考点】形容词，描述脸色或颜色浅淡。比较级 paler，最高级 palest。
【经典例题】
When she heard the bad news, her face turned ________.
A. red B. black C. pale D. yellow
答案：C
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9. attach v. 系；绑；贴
【常见搭配】attach sth. to sth., be attached to（附属于；喜爱）
【原文例句】I checked and saw that a yellow band was attached to her wrist. (P22)
【中考考点】动词，常用搭配 attach A to B（将A附着在B上）。
【经典例题】
Please ________ a photo to your application form.
A. attack B. attract C. attach D. attend
答案：C
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10. wrist n. 手腕
【常见搭配】wrist watch（手表），hurt one‘s wrist
【原文例句】I checked and saw that a yellow band was attached to her wrist. (P22)
【中考考点】可数名词，身体部位。与 ankle（脚踝）对应。
【经典例题】
He wears a fitness tracker on his ________ to check his heart rate.
A. arm B. wrist C. hand D. finger
答案：B
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11. policewoman n. 女警察
【常见搭配】a kind policewoman
【原文例句】I waited with her until she was taken home by a policewoman. (P22)
【中考考点】可数名词，复合词（police + woman）。复数形式为 policewomen。
【经典例题】
The ________ helped the lost child find his parents.
A. policeman B. policewoman C. police D. police officer
答案：B
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12. elderly adj. 年老的，渐老的（委婉用法）
【常见搭配】the elderly（老年人，集体名词），an elderly man/lady
【原文例句】So you sent her home (P22) （注：文中描述的老人即 elderly woman，但未直接使用该词，此处以其近义概念理解）
【中考考点】形容词，比 old 更礼貌、正式。常与 the 连用，表示一类人。
【经典例题】
We should offer our seats to ________ people on the bus.
A. the elderly B. an elderly C. elderly D. elder
答案：A
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13. plot n. 情节
【常见搭配】the plot of a story/film, a complicated plot
【原文例句】Complete the notes … Plot: … (P23)
【中考考点】可数名词，指小说、电影等的情节发展。
【经典例题】
The ________ of this novel is so exciting that I couldn‘t put it down.
A. place B. plan C. plot D. play
答案：C
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14. point n. 要点，重点，中心意思，主要含义
【常见搭配】the main point, get to the point（切入正题），point of view（观点）
【原文例句】To give good advice to others, you should try to understand their point of view. (P23)
【中考考点】一词多义，此处为抽象名词“要点”。还可表示“点；分数；尖端”。
【经典例题】
I didn‘t understand the ________ of his long speech.
A. point B. idea C. thought D. meaning
答案：A
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15. lazy adj. 懒洋洋度过的
【常见搭配】a lazy afternoon/day, feel lazy
【原文例句】Betty‘s dad didn‘t allow her to have a lazy day on the sofa. (P24)
【中考考点】形容词，描述一种悠闲、放松的状态，不一定是贬义的“懒惰”。比较级 lazier，最高级 laziest。
【经典例题】
We spent a ________ Sunday afternoon watching movies at home.
A. busy B. lazy C. tired D. hard
答案：B
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16. sofa n. 长沙发
【常见搭配】sit on the sofa, a leather sofa
【原文例句】Betty‘s dad didn‘t allow her to have a lazy day on the sofa. (P24)
【中考考点】可数名词。与 couch 同义，但 sofa 更常用。
【经典例题】
The family usually sit together on the ________ in the living room.
A. chair B. desk C. sofa D. bed
答案：C
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17. term n. 学期
【常见搭配】the new term, mid-term exam（期中考试），at the end of term
【原文例句】Do you still remember my space project from last term (P24)
【中考考点】可数名词，指学校的学期。也指“术语；条款”。
【经典例题】
We will have a school trip next ________.
A. time B. term C. year D. month
答案：B
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18. conversation n. 谈话，交谈，会话
【常见搭配】have a conversation with sb., in conversation
【原文例句】How about this Let‘s … have a family conversation. (P24)
【中考考点】可数名词，指非正式的谈话。与 talk 近义，但 conversation 更强调双向交流。
【经典例题】
I had a long ________ with my teacher about my future plans.
A. speech B. conversation C. lecture D. report
答案：B
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19. disagreement n. 意见不合，分歧，争论
【常见搭配】have a disagreement with sb. about sth., in disagreement
【原文例句】Write ______, I had a disagreement with my parents. (P25)
【中考考点】可数/不可数名词，动词形式为 disagree（不同意）。
【经典例题】
They had a ________ about where to go for the holiday.
A. agreement B. disagreement C. argument D. disappointment
答案：B
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20. peer n. 同龄人
【常见搭配】peer pressure（同龄人压力），one‘s peers
【原文例句】What does the picture show PEER PRESSURE. (P26)
【中考考点】可数名词，常以复数形式出现。指年龄、地位等相近的人。
【经典例题】
Teenagers are often influenced by their ________.
A. parents B. teachers C. peers D. leaders
答案：C
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21. pressure n. （工作或生活中的）压力
【常见搭配】under pressure, put pressure on sb., blood pressure（血压）
【原文例句】What does the picture show PEER PRESSURE. (P26)
【中考考点】不可数名词。常用短语 under pressure（在压力下）。
【经典例题】
Many students feel a lot of ________ before exams.
A. pleasure B. pressure C. treasure D. measure
答案：B
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22. disappointed adj. 失望的，沮丧的
【常见搭配】be/feel disappointed with/at/about sth., a disappointed look
【原文例句】Back then, I was so disappointed at being too short and failing to get on the basketball team. (P30)
【中考考点】形容词，描述人的感受。动词形式为 disappoint（使失望）。常用结构 be disappointed that…。
【经典例题】
He was very ________ because he didn‘t win the competition.
A. excited B. interested C. disappointed D. surprised
答案：C
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23. fail v. 失败，未做到
【常见搭配】fail (in) an exam, fail to do sth.（未能做某事）
【原文例句】I tried out for the basketball team, but … I wasn‘t tall enough. (P29) (文中虽未直接出现“fail”，但表达了失败的含义)
【中考考点】动词。核心搭配 fail to do sth.（未能/忘记做某事）。反义词为 succeed（成功）。
【经典例题】
He ________ to catch the last bus, so he had to walk home.
A. failed B. forgot C. fell D. felt
答案：A
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24. heartbreaking adj. 使人心碎的
【常见搭配】a heartbreaking story/scene
【原文例句】I couldn‘t help laughing at my heartbreaking words then. (P30)
【中考考点】形容词，由“heart”（心）+“breaking”（打破）构成，形容极其悲伤的事物。
【经典例题】
It was a ________ movie about a lost dog finding its way home.
A. interesting B. exciting C. heartbreaking D. boring
答案：C
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25. skiing n. 滑雪运动
【常见搭配】go skiing, a skiing trip, skiing equipment
【原文例句】“Why not try something else, like swimming or skiing ” suggested my best friend. (P30)
【中考考点】不可数名词，动词为 ski。以 -ing 形式表示一项运动，类似的有 swimming, skating。
【经典例题】
They went ________ in the mountains last winter.
A. ski B. skied C. skiing D. to ski
答案：C
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pletely adv. 完全地，全部地，彻底地
【常见搭配】completely different/finished/wrong
【原文例句】But soon, I fell completely in love with the sport. (P30)
【中考考点】副词，修饰形容词、动词或整个句子，表示程度。形容词形式为 complete（完整的）。
【经典例题】
I ________ forgot about our meeting yesterday.
A. completely B. complete C. completed D. completing
答案：A
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27. upon prep. 在……上面
【常见搭配】once upon a time（从前），depend upon（依赖）
【原文例句】It may fall upon us at any stage in our lives. (P30)
【中考考点】介词，与 on 同义，但更正式。常用在固定短语中。
【经典例题】
________ hearing the news, she burst into tears.
A. On B. Upon C. At D. In
答案：B
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28. fall upon
v. 落在（某人）身上
【常见搭配】A responsibility falls upon sb.（责任落在某人身上）
【原文例句】It may fall upon us at any stage in our lives. (P30)
【中考考点】动词短语，常指责任、灾难等“降临”到某人身上。注意 fall 的过去式 fell，过去分词 fallen。
【经典例题】
The duty to take care of the family ________ the eldest son.
A. fell upon B. fell down C. fell off D. fell over
答案：A
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29. clearly adv. 清楚地，明白地
【常见搭配】see/hear/understand clearly, speak clearly
【原文例句】I know clearly that failure lasts just a moment. (P30)
【中考考点】副词，修饰动词。形容词形式为 clear（清晰的）。
【经典例题】
Please speak more ________ so that everyone can hear you.
A. clear B. clearing C. clearly D. clearest
答案：CUnit 3 What makes a great team
director n. 导演
drama n. 戏剧
leader n. 领导者
role n. 角色
freeze v. 突然停止；呆住
silence n. 沉默，缄默
awful adj. 糟糕的，恶劣的；讨厌的
advise v. 建议
yours pron. 你的
teamwork n. 合作，协作，配合
strength n. 优点，长处，优势
weakness n. 弱点，缺点，不足
queen n. 女王
vote v. 投票，表决
suggestion n. 建议，提议
meeting n. 会议，集会
captain n. 队长，组长
shy adj. 羞怯的，腼腆的（尤指在陌生人面前）
confidence n. 自信，信心
camp v. 扎营，宿营，露营
go camping （尤指到山上或森林里）去露营
tent n. 帐篷
broken adj. 坏的；破碎的，断裂的
tape n. （划分地界或捆扎东西等用的）带子，线带
voluntary adj. 志愿的
cooperation n. 合作，协作
noon n. 正午，中午
climber n. 登山者，登山运动员
roof n. 顶，顶部
“roof of the world” “世界屋脊”
thirty-metre-high adj. 三十米高的
ladder n. 梯子
teammate n. 队友
lower v. 把（某物）移低，降下
painful adj. 令人痛苦的
rope n. 绳，粗绳，绳索，缆
effort n. 努力
make every effort 尽一切努力
north n. 北，北方
base n. 基地，根据地，总部，大本营
base camp （登山）大本营
mountaineering n. 登山运动
单词详解
1. director /d rekt (r)/n. 导演
【常见搭配】a film director, the director of a play/company
【原文例句】Thank you for making me director of our drama, Snow White. (P37)
【中考考点】可数名词，指电影、戏剧或机构的领导者。动词为 direct（指导）。
【经典例题】
The ________ of the movie won an award for his excellent work.
A. actor B. director C. writer D. player
答案：B
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2. drama / drɑ m /n. 戏剧
【常见搭配】a TV drama, study drama, school drama club
【原文例句】Thank you for making me director of our drama, Snow White. (P37)
【中考考点】可数/不可数名词。指戏剧艺术（不可数）或一部戏剧（可数）。
【经典例题】
Our school will put on a ________ next month.
A. music B. drama C. sport D. painting
答案：B
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3. leader / li d (r)/n. 领导者
【常见搭配】a team leader, a natural leader, follow the leader
【原文例句】I’ve never been a leader before. (P37)
【中考考点】可数名词。动词为 lead（领导）。抽象名词为 leadership（领导力）。
【经典例题】
A good ________ should know how to encourage the team.
A. leader B. teacher C. worker D. student
答案：A
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4. role /r l/n. 角色
【常见搭配】play a role in, the main role, give out the roles（分配角色）
【原文例句】But a problem appeared during the very first task – giving out the roles. (P37)
【中考考点】可数名词。在戏剧中指“角色”，在生活中可指“作用；职责”。
【经典例题】
She played the ________ of a doctor in the school play.
A. role B. rule C. roll D. road
答案：A
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5. freeze /fri z/v. 突然停止；呆住
【常见搭配】freeze with fear, freeze to death（冻死）
【原文例句】But I just froze. (P37)
【中考考点】不规则动词（freeze - froze - frozen）。本义为“结冰”，引申为因紧张、害怕而“僵住”。
【经典例题】
When he saw the snake, he ________ and couldn‘t move.
A. froze B. freezed C. frozen D. freezing
答案：A
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6. silence / sa l ns/n. 沉默，缄默
【常见搭配】in silence, break the silence, a moment of silence
【原文例句】My silence made Lisa angry. (P37)
【中考考点】不可数名词。形容词为 silent（沉默的）。常用短语 in silence（默默地）。
【经典例题】
There was a moment of ________ before he answered the question.
A. silent B. silence C. silently D. silences
答案：B
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7. awful / f( )l/adj. 糟糕的，恶劣的；讨厌的
【常见搭配】awful weather, feel awful, an awful smell
【原文例句】My first day as a leader was awful! (P37)
【中考考点】形容词，语气很强，表示“极坏的”。比较级和最高级为 more/most awful。
【经典例题】
I have an ________ headache. I need to see a doctor.
A. awful B. wonderful C. excellent D. interesting
答案：A
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8. advise / d va z/v. 建议
【常见搭配】advise sb. to do sth., advise doing sth.
【原文例句】Could you please advise me (P37)
【中考考点】动词。名词为 advice（不可数）。常用结构：advise (sb.) to do sth.。
【经典例题】
The doctor ________ him to take a good rest.
A. said B. told C. spoke D. advised
答案：D
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9. yours /j z/pron. 你的
【常见搭配】Yours sincerely/faithfully（书信结尾敬语），a friend of yours
【原文例句】Yours, Tony (P37)
【中考考点】名词性物主代词，相当于 your + 名词。用于信末署名之前。
【经典例题】
Is this book ________
A. your B. you C. yours D. yourself
答案：C
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10. teamwork / ti mw k/n. 合作，协作，配合
【常见搭配】good/poor teamwork, the spirit of teamwork
【原文例句】Sometimes good teamwork is hard to achieve! (P38)
【中考考点】不可数名词，复合词（team + work）。
【经典例题】
________ is the key to success in a basketball game.
A. Teamwork B. Homework C. Housework D. Network
答案：A
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11. strength /stre θ/n. 优点，长处，优势
【常见搭配】strengths and weaknesses（优缺点），inner strength（内在力量）
【原文例句】What are her strengths and weaknesses (P38)
【中考考点】可数名词，常以复数形式出现。形容词为 strong（强壮的）。
【经典例题】
Everyone has their own ________ and weaknesses.
A. strength B. strengths C. strong D. stronger
答案：B
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12. weakness / wi kn s/n. 弱点，缺点，不足
【常见搭配】strengths and weaknesses, have a weakness for（特别喜欢）
【原文例句】What are her strengths and weaknesses (P38)
【中考考点】可数名词。形容词为 weak（虚弱的）。
【经典例题】
Being too shy is one of his ________.
A. weak B. weaken C. weakness D. weaknesses
答案：D
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13. queen /kwi n/n. 女王
【常见搭配】the Queen of England, queen bee（蜂王）
【原文例句】For example, Snow White and the queen. (P38)
【中考考点】可数名词。对应词为 king（国王）。
【经典例题】
In the story, the ________ was very kind to her people.
A. king B. queen C. prince D. princess
答案：B
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14. vote /v t/v. 投票，表决
【常见搭配】vote for/against sb./sth., have/take a vote
【原文例句】All the team members can vote for the most suitable person for each role. (P38)
【中考考点】动词，常与 for 或 against 连用。名词形式相同。
【经典例题】
We will ________ to choose our class monitor.
A. voice B. visit C. vote D. view
答案：C
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15. suggestion /s d est n/n. 建议，提议
【常见搭配】make a suggestion, accept a suggestion
【原文例句】Tony has a problem as a team leader and Ms White makes suggestions. (P39) (P39的总结中提及)
【中考考点】可数名词。动词为 suggest。后接从句时，从句谓语常用 “(should) + 动词原形”。
【经典例题】
He made a good ________ on how to improve our study.
A. suggest B. suggestion C. suggesting D. suggested
答案：B
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16. meeting / mi t /n. 会议，集会
【常见搭配】have/hold a meeting, attend a meeting, meeting room
【原文例句】Simon is late for the meeting today. (P40)
【中考考点】可数名词。动词为 meet（见面；会见）。
【经典例题】
There will be a parents‘ ________ next Friday afternoon.
A. meet B. meeting C. met D. to meet
答案：B
---
17. captain / k pt n/n. 队长，组长
【常见搭配】team captain, captain of a ship
【原文例句】Captain Oliver never passes the ball to others in the match. (P40)
【中考考点】可数名词，指运动队或船只的领导者。
【经典例题】
As the ________ of the basketball team, he leads by example.
A. captain B. capital C. captive D. capsule
答案：A
---
18. shy / a /adj. 羞怯的，腼腆的（尤指在陌生人面前）
【常见搭配】a shy smile, be shy about doing sth.
【原文例句】But sometimes he seems a bit shy. (P40)
【中考考点】形容词。比较级 shyer 或 shier，最高级 shyest 或 shiest。
【经典例题】
The little girl is too ________ to speak in front of the class.
A. shy B. angry C. brave D. happy
答案：A
---
19. confidence / k nf d ns/n. 自信，信心
【常见搭配】have/lose confidence in, with confidence
【原文例句】I think he should have more confidence. (P40)
【中考考点】不可数名词。形容词为 confident（自信的）。
【经典例题】
She answered all the questions with great ________.
A. confident B. confidence C. confidences D. confidently
答案：B
---
20. camp /k mp/v. 扎营，宿营，露营
【常见搭配】go camping, camp out
【原文例句】What can you do during camping (P42)
【中考考点】动词。名词形式相同，意为“营地”。
【经典例题】
We plan to ________ by the lake this weekend.
A. camp B. campus C. camera D. camel
答案：A
---
21. go camping（尤指到山上或森林里）去露营
【常见搭配】go camping in the mountains, go camping with friends
【原文例句】Amy went camping with her friends… (P43)
【中考考点】固定短语，表示进行露营活动。类似结构有 go shopping/swimming。
【经典例题】
We will ________ in the national park during the summer holiday.
A. go camp B. go camping C. go to camp D. go for camping
答案：B
---
22. tent /tent/n. 帐篷
【常见搭配】put up/take down a tent, sleep in a tent
【原文例句】They ate all the food and broke the tent! (P43)
【中考考点】可数名词。
【经典例题】
We need to set up our ________ before it gets dark.
A. tent B. test C. text D. term
答案：A
---
23. broken / br k n/adj. 坏的；破碎的，断裂的
【常见搭配】a broken window/leg/phone, broken English（蹩脚的英语）
【原文例句】The tent is broken. (P44)
【中考考点】形容词，动词 break 的过去分词，常用作形容词。
【经典例题】
Don‘t touch the glass. It‘s ________.
A. break B. broke C. broken D. breaking
答案：C
---
24. tape /te p/n. （划分地界或捆扎东西等用的）带子，线带
【常见搭配】adhesive tape（胶带），measuring tape（卷尺），red tape（官僚作风）
【原文例句】How about using these tapes to fix it (P44)
【中考考点】可数/不可数名词。
【经典例题】
I need some ________ to stick these pieces of paper together.
A. tap B. tape C. type D. tip
答案：B
---
25. voluntary / v l nt( )ri/adj. 志愿的
【常见搭配】voluntary work（志愿工作），voluntary service
【原文例句】Your team is doing voluntary work outside… (P44)
【中考考点】形容词。名词为 volunteer（志愿者）。
【经典例题】
She does ________ work at the local hospital every Sunday.
A. voluntary B. volunteer C. volunteers D. volunteering
答案：A
---
26. cooperation /k p re n/n. 合作，协作
【常见搭配】international cooperation, in cooperation with
【原文例句】Talk about what you have learnt about team cooperation in this section. (P44)
【中考考点】不可数名词。动词为 cooperate。
【经典例题】
The project was completed successfully through the ________ of all members.
A. operation B. corporation C. cooperation D. preparation
答案：C
---
27. noon /nu n/n. 正午，中午
【常见搭配】at noon, before noon
【原文例句】At noon on 24 May 1960, four climbers stood alone on the “roof of the world”. (P45)
【中考考点】不可数名词，指中午12点。
【经典例题】
We usually have lunch ________.
A. at noon B. at night C. in the afternoon D. in the evening
答案：A
---
28. climber / kla m (r)/n. 登山者，登山运动员
【常见搭配】a mountain climber, an experienced climber
【原文例句】At noon on 24 May 1960, four climbers stood alone on the “roof of the world”. (P45)
【中考考点】可数名词。动词为 climb（攀登）。
【经典例题】
The ________ reached the top of the mountain after a difficult journey.
A. climber B. climbing C. climbed D. climbs
答案：A
---
29. roof /ru f/n. 顶，顶部
【常见搭配】the roof of a house/car, under one‘s roof（在某人家中）
【原文例句】At noon on 24 May 1960, four climbers stood alone on the “roof of the world”. (P45)
【中考考点】可数名词，复数形式为 roofs。比喻义为“最高点”。
【经典例题】
The cat is sitting on the ________ of the house.
A. roof B. room C. root D. rope
答案：A
---
30. “roof of the world”“世界屋脊”（指青藏高原，尤指喜马拉雅山脉）
【常见搭配】stand on the “roof of the world”
【原文例句】At noon on 24 May 1960, four climbers stood alone on the “roof of the world”. (P45)
【中考考点】专有名词，固定说法。
【经典例题】
Mount Qomolangma is often called the ________.
A. top of the sky B. roof of the world C. king of mountains D. highest point
答案：B
---
31. thirty-metre-high adj. 三十米高的
【常见搭配】a thirty-metre-high wall/building
【原文例句】They were near the top of a thirty-metre-high wall of rock. (P45)
【中考考点】复合形容词，作定语，修饰名词。注意其中的名词（metre）用单数形式。
【经典例题】
They built a ________ fence around the garden.
A. three metres high B. three-metres-high C. three-metre-high D. three metre high
答案：C
---
32. ladder / l d (r)/n. 梯子
【常见搭配】climb up/down a ladder, a step ladder（活梯）
【原文例句】So he chose to be a “human ladder” for his teammates! (P45)
【中考考点】可数名词。
【经典例题】
He used a ________ to pick apples from the tree.
A. letter B. ladder C. leader D. later
答案：B
---
33. teammate / ti m-me t/n. 队友
【常见搭配】help one‘s teammate, a good teammate
【原文例句】So he chose to be a “human ladder” for his teammates! (P45)
【中考考点】可数名词，复合词（team + mate）。
【经典例题】
In a relay race, you must pass the stick to your ________.
A. classmate B. teammate C. roommate D. workmate
答案：B
---
34. lower / l (r)/v. 把（某物）移低，降下
【常见搭配】lower one‘s voice（压低声音），lower the price
【原文例句】He lowered his body and let Qu Yinhua stand on his shoulders. (P45)
【中考考点】动词，是 low（低的）的对应动词。反义词为 raise（举起）。
【经典例题】
Please ________ the volume of the TV. The baby is sleeping.
A. low B. lower C. slow D. slower
答案：B
---
35. painful / pe nf( )l/adj. 令人痛苦的
【常见搭配】a painful experience/memory, a painful injury
【原文例句】Every second was painful, but Liu stood still. (P45)
【中考考点】形容词。名词为 pain（疼痛）。
【经典例题】
It was a ________ decision for him to leave his hometown.
A. pain B. painful C. painless D. pained
答案：B
---
36. rope /r p/n. 绳，粗绳，绳索，缆
【常见搭配】a piece of rope, jump rope（跳绳）, tie sth. with a rope
【原文例句】Then he and Wang Fuzhou climbed up with a rope. (P45)
【中考考点】可数/不可数名词。
【经典例题】
The climbers used a strong ________ to help them climb the mountain.
A. role B. rope C. roof D. road
答案：B
---
37. effort / ef t/n. 努力
【常见搭配】make an effort to do sth., with great effort
【原文例句】They made every effort through the cold and dark. (P46)
【中考考点】可数/不可数名词。常用短语 make an effort。
【经典例题】
With great ________, he finally finished the difficult task.
A. effect B. affect C. effort D. offer
答案：C
---
38. make every effort尽一切努力
【常见搭配】make every effort to do sth.
【原文例句】They made every effort through the cold and dark. (P46)
【中考考点】固定短语，后常接动词不定式。
【经典例题】
We will ________ to help you solve the problem.
A. make every effort B. make effort C. make an effort D. make efforts
答案：A
---
39. north /n θ/n. 北，北方
【常见搭配】in the north of, north wind（北风）
【原文例句】The Chinese mountaineering team at the North Ridge (图片标题 P44)
【中考考点】名词，表示方向。形容词为 northern（北方的）。
【经典例题】
Canada is ________ of the United States.
A. in the north B. to the north C. on the north D. at the north
答案：B
---
40. base /be s/n. 基地，根据地，总部，大本营
【常见搭配】military base, base camp, knowledge base（知识库）
【原文例句】When they returned to base camp, they were welcomed as heroes. (P46)
【中考考点】可数名词。
【经典例题】
The company‘s main ________ is in Shanghai.
A. basic B. base C. basis D. baseball
答案：B
---
41. base camp（登山）大本营
【常见搭配】set up/return to base camp
【原文例句】When they returned to base camp, they were welcomed as heroes. (P46)
【中考考点】固定名词短语。
【经典例题】
The climbers spent a week at ________ before starting to climb.
A. base camp B. camping base C. basic camp D. camp base
答案：A
---
42. mountaineering / ma nt n r /n. 登山运动
【常见搭配】go mountaineering, mountaineering equipment
【原文例句】…he shouldered his team into China’s mountaineering history. (P46)
【中考考点】不可数名词。指登山这项运动。从事者叫 mountaineer（登山家）。
【经典例题】
________ is a popular but dangerous sport in this area.
A. Mountain B. Mountaineering C. Mountaineer D. Mountains
答案：B
---Unit 4 Helping out
excuse v. 原谅
excuse me 劳驾（用于礼貌地引起他人注意，尤其是发问时）
purple adj. 紫色的
crayon n. 彩色蜡笔
five-year-old adj. 五岁的
sunshine n. 阳光
virus n. 病毒
afford v. 买得起，付得起
disappointment n. 失望，扫兴，沮丧
X-ray n. X光检查
treatment n. 治疗，诊治；疗法
pocket n. 衣袋，口袋
pocket money 零花钱
illness n. 病，疾病
wheelchair n. 轮椅
public adj. 公众的，大众的
go public 公开，公之于众
mention v. 提到，说起，谈到
directly adv. 直接地
solution n. 解决，解决方法
bottle n. 瓶子
a bottle of 一瓶
exam n. 考试
dialogue n. 对话，对白
flu n. 流行性感冒，流感
homeless adj. 无家可归的
donate v. 捐赠，捐献
soldier n. 士兵，军人
fireman n. 消防队员
against prep. 反对
graduate v. 大学毕业
college n. 大学；学院
goodwill n. 好意，亲善，友善
warmth n. 温暖
means n. 手段；方法；工具
by no means 决不，一点儿都不
lucky adj. 运气好的，幸运的
1. excuse/ k skju z/v. 原谅
【常见搭配】excuse me, excuse sb. for doing sth.
【原文例句】“Excuse me, may I have a purple crayon, please ” (P52)
【中考考点】动词，常用短语excuse me（劳驾，打扰一下）。名词为excuse（借口）。
【经典例题】
________, could you tell me the way to the station
A. Sorry B. Pardon C. Excuse me D. Thank you
答案：C
---
2. excuse me劳驾（用于礼貌地引起他人注意，尤其是发问时）
【常见搭配】用于问路、询问、打断他人等场合。
【原文例句】“Excuse me, may I have a purple crayon, please ” (P52)
【中考考点】固定交际用语，表示礼貌的请求或道歉。
【经典例题】
— ________, is this seat taken
— No, it‘s free.
A. I‘m sorry B. Excuse me C. Thank you D. Pardon me
答案：B
---
3. purple/ p p( )l/adj. 紫色的
【常见搭配】purple grapes, turn purple with cold/anger
【原文例句】“Excuse me, may I have a purple crayon, please ” (P52)
【中考考点】形容词，表示颜色。
【经典例题】
She wore a beautiful ________ dress to the party.
A. purple B. pink C. yellow D. blue
答案：A
---
4. crayon/ kre n/n. 彩色蜡笔
【常见搭配】a box of crayons, draw with crayons
【原文例句】“Excuse me, may I have a purple crayon, please ” (P52)
【中考考点】可数名词。
【经典例题】
The children were drawing pictures with ________.
A. chalks B. crayons C. pencils D. brushes
答案：B
---
5. five-year-oldadj. 五岁的
【常见搭配】a five-year-old boy/girl/child
【原文例句】Five-year-old Leah asked a nurse for a purple crayon… (P52)
【中考考点】复合形容词，作定语，修饰名词。注意其中的名词（year）用单数形式。
【经典例题】
She has a ________ daughter who goes to kindergarten.
A. five year old B. five-years-old C. five-year-old D. five year-old
答案：C
---
6. sunshine/ s n a n/n. 阳光
【常见搭配】bright sunshine, enjoy the sunshine
【原文例句】This conversation happened in a waiting room at Sunshine Hospital. (P52)
【中考考点】不可数名词。
【经典例题】
After days of rain, we finally saw the ________.
A. sunlight B. sunshine C. sun D. sunny (sunshine为最佳选择)
答案：B
---
7. virus/ va r s/n. 病毒
【常见搭配】a computer virus, the flu virus, spread a virus
【原文例句】Crayons may carry viruses and spread diseases. (P53)
【中考考点】可数名词，复数形式为viruses。
【经典例题】
You should install software to protect your computer from ________.
A. illness B. virus C. viruses D. disease
答案：C
---
8. afford/ f d/v. 买得起，付得起
【常见搭配】afford to do sth., can‘t afford sth.
【原文例句】It just couldn‘t afford new crayons for every child. (P53)
【中考考点】动词，常与can, could, be able to连用，多用于否定句和疑问句。
【经典例题】
The book is too expensive. I can‘t ________ it.
A. spend B. pay C. afford D. cost
答案：C
---
9. disappointment/ d s p ntm nt/n. 失望，扫兴，沮丧
【常见搭配】to one‘s disappointment, feel disappointment
【原文例句】Leah didn‘t want other young patients to feel her disappointment. (P53)
【中考考点】不可数名词。动词为disappoint，形容词为disappointed（感到失望的）。
【经典例题】
To my great ________, the concert was cancelled.
A. disappointing B. disappointed C. disappointment D. disappoint
答案：C
---
10. X-ray/ eks re /n. X光检查
【常见搭配】have an X-ray, X-ray machine
【原文例句】It can be boring to wait for X-rays and treatments. (P53)
【中考考点】可数名词，常用复数表示多次检查。也可作动词，意为“用X光检查”。
【经典例题】
The doctor asked him to have an ________ of his chest.
A. X-ray B. X-rays C. X ray D. X rays
答案：A
---
11. treatment/ tri tm nt/n. 治疗，诊治；疗法
【常见搭配】medical treatment, receive treatment, be under treatment
【原文例句】It can be boring to wait for X-rays and treatments. (P53)
【中考考点】可数/不可数名词。动词为treat（治疗；对待）。
【经典例题】
He is receiving ________ for his illness at the hospital.
A. treat B. treated C. treatment D. treating
答案：C
---
12. pocket/ p k t/n. 衣袋，口袋
【常见搭配】coat pocket, pocket knife（小折刀），in one‘s pocket
【原文例句】All her pocket money was only enough for about 40 boxes. (P54)
【中考考点】可数名词。
【经典例题】
He put his hands in his ________ to keep them warm.
A. packet B. pocket C. pack D. pockets
答案：D
---
13. pocket money零花钱
【常见搭配】get/give pocket money, spend pocket money
【原文例句】All her pocket money was only enough for about 40 boxes. (P54)
【中考考点】不可数名词，固定短语。
【经典例题】
My parents give me some ________ every week.
A. pocket money B. money pocket C. pockets money D. money of pocket
答案：A
---
14. illness/ ln s/n. 病，疾病
【常见搭配】serious illness, recover from an illness
【原文例句】Because of her illness, she couldn‘t do chores for money, either. (P54)
【中考考点】可数/不可数名词。形容词为ill（生病的）。
【经典例题】
He has been absent from work due to ________.
A. ill B. illness C. sick D. sickness
答案：B
---
15. wheelchair/ wi lt e (r)/n. 轮椅
【常见搭配】use a wheelchair, push a wheelchair
【原文例句】And she would always be there in her wheelchair. (P54)
【中考考点】可数名词，复合词（wheel + chair）。
【经典例题】
The hospital provides ________ for patients who have difficulty walking.
A. wheelchairs B. chairs C. wheels D. cars
答案：A
---
16. public/ p bl k/adj. 公众的，大众的
【常见搭配】public park/library/transport, in public（公开地）
【原文例句】Word spread fast, and Leah‘s story went public. (P54)
【中考考点】形容词，作定语或表语。名词意为“公众”。
【经典例题】
Smoking is not allowed in ________ places.
A. private B. personal C. public D. common
答案：C
---
17. go public公开，公之于众
【常见搭配】The news went public.
【原文例句】Word spread fast, and Leah‘s story went public. (P54)
【中考考点】动词短语，尤指消息、信息等被公开。
【经典例题】
The company‘s plan will ________ next week.
A. go public B. go to public C. go for public D. go in public
答案：A
---
18. mention/ men ( )n/v. 提到，说起，谈到
【常见搭配】mention sth. to sb., don‘t mention it（不客气）
【原文例句】Why does the writer mention “brighter pictures” in the end (P55) （思考题中提及）
【中考考点】动词，后可接名词或 that 从句。
【经典例题】
He ________ that he might be late for the meeting.
A. said B. told C. spoke D. mentioned
答案：D
---
19. directly/da rektli, d rektli/adv. 直接地
【常见搭配】go directly home, be directly responsible for
【原文例句】Sometimes writers don‘t tell everything directly. (P55) （思考提示中）
【中考考点】副词，修饰动词。形容词为direct（直接的）。
【经典例题】
If you have any questions, please come and ask me ________.
A. direct B. directly C. direction D. director
答案：B
---
20. solution/s lu ( )n/n. 解决，解决方法
【常见搭配】find a solution to the problem, the best solution
【原文例句】Add the tags to the writer‘s notes and complete the notes… Solutions (P55) （表格标题）
【中考考点】可数名词。常与介词to连用。
【经典例题】
We need to find a ________ to this difficult problem.
A. solve B. solution C. solving D. solved
答案：B
---
21. bottle/ b t( )l/n. 瓶子
【常见搭配】a glass bottle, bottle opener（开瓶器）
【原文例句】You must be thirsty now after the long run. Here is a bottle of water for you. (P56) （习题中）
【中考考点】可数名词。
【经典例题】
Could you please pass me that ________ of juice
A. cup B. glass C. bottle D. can
答案：C
---
22. a bottle of一瓶
【常见搭配】a bottle of milk/water/wine
【原文例句】Here is a bottle of water for you. (P56)
【中考考点】量词短语，后接不可数名词。
【经典例题】
I‘d like to buy ________ orange juice.
A. a bottle of B. bottle of C. a bottle D. the bottle of
答案：A
---
23. exam/ ɡ z m/n. 考试
【常见搭配】take/have an exam, pass/fail an exam, final exam
【原文例句】Here is my notebook. You can return it after the exam. (P56)
【中考考点】可数名词，是examination的缩写形式。
【经典例题】
We are going to have an important ________ next Monday.
A. exam B. example C. exercise D. experience
答案：A
---
24. dialogue/ da l ɡ/n. 对话，对白
【常见搭配】have a dialogue with sb., a dialogue in a play
【原文例句】Look at the pictures and complete the dialogues… (P56)
【中考考点】可数名词。也写作dialog（美式）。
【经典例题】
The play is full of interesting ________.
A. diaries B. dialogues C. speeches D. talks
答案：B
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25. flu/flu /n. 流行性感冒，流感
【常见搭配】have (the) flu, catch a flu
【原文例句】She has the flu and has to stay at home. (P56)
【中考考点】不可数名词，前面常加the。是influenza的简写。
【经典例题】
He didn‘t go to school because he had ________.
A. flu B. a flu C. the flu D. an flu
答案：C
---
26. homeless/ h ml s/adj. 无家可归的
【常见搭配】homeless people, help the homeless
【原文例句】By the year 2022, over 16,000 kinds of wild animals were in danger. But we should note this – not only wild animals are in need of help. The animals around us also need our care. (P58) （虽未直接出现homeless，但语境涉及需要帮助的动物，此词常用来形容流浪动物）
【中考考点】形容词，作定语或表语。
【经典例题】
Many kind people offered food and clothes to the ________ after the earthquake.
A. home B. homeless C. homely D. homelessness
答案：B
---
27. donate/d ne t/v. 捐赠，捐献
【常见搭配】donate money/blood to, donate sth. to charity
【原文例句】Donate money, food, medicines or your time to the hospitals. (P59)
【中考考点】动词，常与to连用。名词为donation。
【经典例题】
He decided to ________ all his books to the school library.
A. give B. donate C. take D. lend
答案：B
---
28. soldier/ s ld (r)/n. 士兵，军人
【常见搭配】a brave soldier, join the army and become a soldier
【原文例句】I can never forget those soldiers, firemen, doctors and nurses. (P61)
【中考考点】可数名词。
【经典例题】
The ________ fought bravely to protect their country.
A. teachers B. soldiers C. farmers D. workers
答案：B
---
29. fireman/ fa m n/n. 消防队员
【常见搭配】a team of firemen
【原文例句】I can never forget those soldiers, firemen, doctors and nurses. (P61)
【中考考点】可数名词，复数形式为firemen。也可用firefighter（更中性）。
【经典例题】
The ________ rushed into the burning building to save the child.
A. policeman B. fireman C. postman D. businessman
答案：B
---
30. against/ ɡenst, ɡe nst/prep. 反对
【常见搭配】be against sth., fight against, against the law
【原文例句】Day and night, they raced against time to save as many people as possible. (P61)
【中考考点】介词，反义词为for（支持）。在race against time中意为“与…赛跑”。
【经典例题】
Are you ________ or for the plan
A. to B. with C. against D. about
答案：C
---
31. graduate/ ɡr d ue t/v. 大学毕业
【常见搭配】graduate from, graduate in + 专业
【原文例句】I graduated from college and became a nurse. (P61)
【中考考点】动词，后常接from。名词为graduation（毕业）。
【经典例题】
She ________ from Peking University last year.
A. graduated B. graduation C. graduate D. graduating
答案：A
---
32. college/ k l d /n. 大学；学院
【常见搭配】go to college, college student
【原文例句】I graduated from college and became a nurse. (P61)
【中考考点】可数/不可数名词。泛指“上大学”时，前面不加冠词。
【经典例题】
He hopes to go to ________ after finishing high school.
A. the college B. college C. a college D. colleges
答案：B
---
33. goodwill/ ɡ d w l/n. 好意，亲善，友善
【常见搭配】a gesture of goodwill, international goodwill
【原文例句】Love leads to love, and so creates a circle of goodwill and kindness. (P62)
【中考考点】不可数名词。
【经典例题】
The two countries exchanged visits in a spirit of ________.
A. goodbye B. goodwill C. goodnight D. good-looking
答案：B
---
34. warmth/w mθ/n. 温暖
【常见搭配】the warmth of the sun/fire, feel the warmth of sb.’s smile
【原文例句】I still remembered the warmth of those helping hands 12 years ago. (P62)
【中考考点】不可数名词。形容词为warm（温暖的）。
【经典例题】
We felt the ________ of their welcome as soon as we arrived.
A. warm B. warmer C. warmly D. warmth
答案：D
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35. means/mi nz/n. 手段；方法；工具
【常见搭配】a means of transport/communication, by no means
【原文例句】The work was by no means easy. (P62)
【中考考点】单复数同形。常用短语by means of（凭借）。
【经典例题】
The Internet is an important ________ of getting information.
A. mean B. meaning C. means D. meanings
答案：C
---
36. by no means决不，一点儿都不
【常见搭配】It is by no means certain.
【原文例句】The work was by no means easy. (P62)
【中考考点】固定短语，表示强烈否定，用于强调。
【经典例题】
This task is ________ difficult, but we can finish it on time.
A. by all means B. by no means C. by means of D. by any means
答案：B
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37. lucky/ l ki/adj. 运气好的，幸运的
【常见搭配】a lucky day/number, be lucky to do sth.
【原文例句】Even today, I still feel lucky to have had such an amazing experience in life. (P62)
【中考考点】形容词。名词为luck（运气），副词为luckily（幸运地）。
【经典例题】
You are ________ to have such a good friend.
A. luck B. lucky C. luckily D. unlucky
答案：BUnit 5 Looking into nature
dinosaur n. 恐龙
feather n. 羽毛，翎
feather-covered adj. 羽毛覆盖的
lizard n. 蜥蜴
amber n. 琥珀
whether conj. 是否（用于表示选择或对某事不确定）
species n. 物种
unknown adj. 不知道的，未知的
northern adj. 北部的
African adj. 非洲的，非洲人的
belief n. 观点
fully adv. 完全地；充分地；彻底地
unlock v. 解锁
unlock the secrets of sth 揭开某事的秘密
finding n. 发现，（调查、研究等的）结果
newspaper n. 报纸
writing n. 写作，著书
style n. 风格
method n. 方法，办法
text n. 文字材料
alive adj. 变得兴味盎然，生动起来
argument n. 论点，论据
board n. 布告牌，公告牌
model n. 模型
planet n. 行星
true adj. 符合事实的，真的，真实的
clear v. 清除；清理
upload v. 上载，上传
whale n. 鲸
boiling adj. 很热的，滚热的
chemical n. 化学物质
react v. 起化学反应
endless adj. 无数的，无限的
country n. 国，国家
sight n. 视力，视觉
anybody pron. 任何人
magnifier n. 放大镜
wealth n. 财富
prize n. 奖品，奖赏
hardly adv. 几乎不
belong v. 应在（某处）
belong to 属于
granddaughter n. 孙女；外孙女
softly adv. 轻柔地，柔和地
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单词详解
1. dinosaur / da n s (r)/n. 恐龙
【常见搭配】dinosaur fossils, see dinosaurs in a museum
【原文例句】For hundreds of years, people believed that dinosaurs looked like huge lizards. (P68)
【中考考点】可数名词。
【经典例题】
Children are often fascinated by ________.
A. dinosaurs B. dragons C. monsters D. animals
答案：A
---
2. feather / fe (r)/n. 羽毛，翎
【常见搭配】bird feathers, as light as a feather
【原文例句】… they found the tail of a dinosaur – with feathers. (P69)
【中考考点】可数名词。
【经典例题】
The pillow is filled with soft ________.
A. leather B. feather C. feathers D. weather
答案：C
---
3. feather-covered / fe k v d/adj. 羽毛覆盖的
【常见搭配】feather-covered arms/wings
【原文例句】… raises its beautiful feather-covered arms, and… (P68)
【中考考点】复合形容词，作定语。
【经典例题】
The ancient bird had ________ wings.
A. feather-cover B. feather-covered C. covered-feather D. feathers-covered
答案：B
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4. lizard / l z d/n. 蜥蜴
【常见搭配】a small lizard, lizard species
【原文例句】For hundreds of years, people believed that dinosaurs looked like huge lizards. (P68)
【中考考点】可数名词。
【经典例题】
A ________ can often be seen running quickly on a sunny wall.
A. lion B. lizard C. tiger D. bear
答案：B
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5. amber / mb (r)/n. 琥珀
【常见搭配】a piece of amber, amber jewelry
【原文例句】However, thanks to a piece of amber, scientists now know that this idea is wrong. (P69)
【中考考点】不可数名词。
【经典例题】
________ is a fossilized tree resin that is often used in jewelry.
A. Amber B. Diamond C. Gold D. Silver
答案：A
---
6. whether / we (r)/conj. 是否（用于表示选择或对某事不确定）
【常见搭配】whether… or not, know/wonder/discuss whether…
【原文例句】They can tell us whether dinosaurs had feathers, but that‘s not all. (P69)
【中考考点】连词，引导宾语从句或状语从句。常与or not 连用。
【经典例题】
I‘m not sure ________ he will come tomorrow.
A. if B. whether C. that D. what
答案：B
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7. species / spi i z/n. 物种
【常见搭配】endangered species, a rare species, human species
【原文例句】This species no longer grows in this area. (P69)
【中考考点】单复数同形。
【经典例题】
The panda is an endangered ________.
A. specie B. species C. spices D. special
答案：B
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8. unknown / n n n/adj. 不知道的，未知的
【常见搭配】an unknown number/place, remain unknown
【原文例句】Thanks to amber, more than 300 unknown species have been discovered. (P70)
【中考考点】形容词，作定语或表语。反义词为known。
【经典例题】
The cause of the fire is still ________.
A. unknow B. unknown C. knowing D. known
答案：B
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9. northern / n n/adj. 北部的
【常见搭配】northern hemisphere（北半球），northern Europe
【原文例句】A piece of amber from Northern Europe, for example, holds a flower. (P69)
【中考考点】形容词。名词为north。
【经典例题】
They come from the ________ part of the country.
A. north B. northern C. northward D. northerly
答案：B
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10. African / fr k n/adj. 非洲的，非洲人的
【常见搭配】African elephants, African culture
【原文例句】In a piece of amber from Africa, scientists found 13 ants. (P70)
【中考考点】形容词。名词为Africa（非洲）。
【经典例题】
________ wildlife is very famous all over the world.
A. Africa‘s B. African C. Africas D. Africa
答案：B
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11. belief /b li f/n. 观点
【常见搭配】religious belief, beyond belief（难以置信），hold the belief that…
【原文例句】The discovery of this African species has changed old beliefs about the history of ants. (P70)
【中考考点】可数/不可数名词。动词为believe。
【经典例题】
It is my ________ that honesty is the best policy.
A. believe B. believes C. belief D. beliefs
答案：C
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12. fully / f li/adv. 完全地；充分地；彻底地
【常见搭配】fully understand/aware, fully developed
【原文例句】However, it‘s still not fully understood. (P70)
【中考考点】副词，修饰动词或形容词。形容词为full（满的；完全的）。
【经典例题】
I don‘t ________ agree with your opinion.
A. full B. fully C. fill D. filled
答案：B
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13. unlock / n l k/v. 解锁
【常见搭配】unlock the door/phone
【原文例句】Then we can use this key to unlock more secrets of nature. (P70)
【中考考点】动词，前缀un- 表示“做相反的动作”。
【经典例题】
I forgot the password to ________ my computer.
A. lock B. unlock C. open D. close
答案：B
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14. unlock the secrets of sth揭开某事的秘密
【常见搭配】unlock the secrets of the universe/nature
【原文例句】Then we can use this key to unlock more secrets of nature. (P70)
【中考考点】固定动词短语。
【经典例题】
Scientists are working hard to ________ the human brain.
A. unlock secrets of B. unlock the secrets of C. unlock secret of D. unlock the secret of
答案：B
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15. finding / fa nd /n. 发现，（调查、研究等的）结果
【常见搭配】research findings, the findings of the report
【原文例句】Choose where you are most likely to read this passage. a) in a popular science magazine about findings in nature (P71)
【中考考点】可数名词，常用复数。
【经典例题】
The ________ of the study were published in a famous magazine.
A. find B. finds C. finding D. findings
答案：D
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16. newspaper / nju zpe p (r)/n. 报纸
【常见搭配】read a newspaper, a daily newspaper
【原文例句】Choose where you are most likely to read this passage. b) in a newspaper report on exhibitions about dinosaurs (P71)
【中考考点】可数名词。
【经典例题】
My father reads the ________ every morning at breakfast.
A. news B. newspaper C. magazines D. books
答案：B
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17. writing / ra t /n. 写作，著书
【常见搭配】creative writing, in writing（书面形式）
【原文例句】Writers have different writing styles. (P71) (语言注释中)
【中考考点】不可数名词。动词为write。
【经典例题】
She is very good at ________.
A. write B. writes C. writing D. written
答案：C
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18. style /sta l/n. 风格
【常见搭配】writing style, life style, in style（时髦的）
【原文例句】Writers have different writing styles. (P71) (语言注释中)
【中考考点】可数/不可数名词。
【经典例题】
I like the ________ of this author‘s novels.
A. way B. method C. style D. type
答案：C
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19. method / meθ d/n. 方法，办法
【常见搭配】teaching method, a method of doing sth.
【原文例句】They use different methods to achieve their goals. (P71) (语言注释中)
【中考考点】可数名词。与way 近义，但 method 更强调系统、科学的方法。
【经典例题】
This is an effective ________ to learn English.
A. mean B. means C. method D. way (C和D均可，但C更正式)
答案：C
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20. text /tekst/n. 文字材料
【常见搭配】read the text, text message（短信）
【原文例句】These goals include making the text alive… (P71) (语言注释中)
【中考考点】可数/不可数名词。
【经典例题】
Please read the ________ carefully and answer the questions.
A. textbook B. text C. context D. test
答案：B
---
21. alive / la v/adj. 变得兴味盎然，生动起来
【常见搭配】come alive, keep the memory alive
【原文例句】These goals include making the text alive… (P71) (语言注释中)
【中考考点】形容词，作表语，不可作定语。表示“活着的；有活力的”。
【经典例题】
The old story was told in a way that made the characters seem ________.
A. live B. alive C. lively D. living
答案：B
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22. argument / ɑ ɡjum nt/n. 论点，论据
【常见搭配】a strong argument, get into an argument（争吵）
【原文例句】… making their arguments strong… (P71) (语言注释中)
【中考考点】可数名词。动词为argue（争论；论证）。
【经典例题】
He put forward a good ________ to support his idea.
A. argue B. argument C. arguing D. arguable
答案：B
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23. board /b d/n. 布告牌，公告牌
【常见搭配】notice board, bulletin board, on board（在船/车/飞机上）
【原文例句】MESSAGE BOARD (P72)
【中考考点】可数名词，一词多义（板；董事会；膳食）。
【经典例题】
The teacher pinned the notice on the ________.
A. broad B. board C. bored D. border
答案：B
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24. model / m d( )l/n. 模型
【常见搭配】a model plane, role model（榜样）
【原文例句】You missed Pluto in the model of the solar system. (P72)
【中考考点】可数名词。
【经典例题】
He built a ________ of the Eiffel Tower with matchsticks.
A. modal B. model C. module D. modern
答案：B
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25. planet / pl n t/n. 行星
【常见搭配】the planet Earth, other planets
【原文例句】You missed Pluto in the model of the solar system. There were only eight planets in it. (P72)
【中考考点】可数名词。
【经典例题】
Mars is a ________ in our solar system.
A. star B. planet C. moon D. sun
答案：B
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26. true /tru /adj. 符合事实的，真的，真实的
【常见搭配】come true（实现），true friend, be true to oneself
【原文例句】In 2006, scientists agreed that a true planet must… (P72)
【中考考点】形容词。名词为truth（真理；事实）。副词为truly（真正地）。
【经典例题】
Is the story ________
A. truth B. truly C. true D. truely
答案：C
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27. clear /kl (r)/v. 清除；清理
【常见搭配】clear the table, clear one‘s throat（清嗓子），clear up（清理；放晴）
【原文例句】… can clear things in its way (P72)
【中考考点】动词，一词多义。作形容词时意为“清晰的；晴朗的”。
【经典例题】
Please ________ the dishes after dinner.
A. clean B. clear C. cleanly D. clearly
答案：B
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28. upload / p l d/v. 上载，上传
【常见搭配】upload a file/photo/video
【原文例句】Please upload your passage by 30 June. (P73)
【中考考点】动词，反义词为download（下载）。
【经典例题】
You need to ________ your homework to the school website.
A. download B. upload C. load D. unload
答案：B
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29. whale /we l/n. 鲸
【常见搭配】blue whale, whale watching
【原文例句】Some whales make long, low sounds during swimming. (P73)
【中考考点】可数名词。
【经典例题】
The ________ is the largest animal in the world.
A. shark B. dolphin C. whale D. fish
答案：C
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30. boiling / b l /adj. 很热的，滚热的
【常见搭配】boiling water, boiling hot
【原文例句】A boiling river in the Amazon Rainforest (P74) （听力选项）
【中考考点】形容词，由动词boil（煮沸）的现在分词转化而来。
【经典例题】
Be careful! The soup is ________.
A. boil B. boiled C. boiling D. boils
答案：C
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31. chemical / kem k( )l/n. 化学物质
【常见搭配】harmful chemicals, chemical reaction
【原文例句】Maybe there are some chemicals in the water. They can react. (P76) （听力练习中）
【中考考点】可数名词。形容词为chemical（化学的）。
【经典例题】
Some ________ can pollute the environment.
A. chemist B. chemistry C. chemical D. chemicals
答案：D
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32. react /ri kt/v. 起化学反应
【常见搭配】react with, react to（对…作出反应）
【原文例句】Maybe there are some chemicals in the water. They can react. (P76) （听力练习中）
【中考考点】动词。名词为reaction（反应）。
【经典例题】
How did he ________ to the news
A. act B. action C. react D. reaction
答案：C
---
33. endless / endl s/adj. 无数的，无限的
【常见搭配】endless possibilities, endless talk
【原文例句】This person was Wang Wencai, a plant scientist with endless curiosity. (P77)
【中考考点】形容词，由end（末端）加后缀-less（无…的）构成。
【经典例题】
The desert seemed ________.
A. end B. ending C. endless D. ended
答案：C
---
34. country / k ntri/n. 国，国家
【常见搭配】all over the country, developing country
【原文例句】Wang Wencai explored China to record plants of the country for over 70 years. (P79) （习题图表中）
【中考考点】可数名词。注意与countryside（农村）的区别。
【经典例题】
Japan is an island ________.
A. city B. town C. country D. village
答案：C
---
35. sight /sa t/n. 视力，视觉
【常见搭配】lose one‘s sight, out of sight（看不见）
【原文例句】He was blind in his right eye, but he still carried on with his research for another 10 years. (P79) （文中未直接用sight，但blindness是其反义概念）
【中考考点】不可数名词。作“景象；名胜”时为可数名词。
【经典例题】
With the help of glasses, his ________ became better.
A. sight B. see C. saw D. seeing
答案：A
---
36. anybody / enib di/pron. 任何人
【常见搭配】anybody else, if anybody
【原文例句】But one person took his interest all the way to the fields. (P77) （虽未直接使用anybody，但此词常用于否定句和疑问句）
【中考考点】不定代词，用于否定句、疑问句或条件句，相当于 anyone。
【经典例题】
Is there ________ in the classroom
A. anybody B. somebody C. nobody D. everybody
答案：A
---
37. magnifier / m ɡn fa (r)/n. 放大镜
【常见搭配】use a magnifier
【原文例句】With a magnifier in hand, he still carried on with his research for another 10 years. (P78)
【中考考点】可数名词。动词为magnify（放大）。
【经典例题】
He used a ________ to read the small print.
A. microscope B. telescope C. magnifier D. glasses
答案：C
---
38. wealth /welθ/n. 财富
【常见搭配】a man of wealth, a wealth of information（大量信息）
【原文例句】Despite his huge success, Wang seldom thought about personal honour or wealth. (P78)
【中考考点】不可数名词。形容词为wealthy（富有的）。
【经典例题】
Health is more important than ________.
A. wealthy B. wealth C. health D. healthy
答案：B
---
39. prize /pra z/n. 奖品，奖赏
【常见搭配】win a prize, Nobel Prize
【原文例句】He hardly mentioned it. (P78) （“it”指代奖项，即prize）
【中考考点】可数名词。
【经典例题】
She won first ________ in the singing competition.
A. price B. prize C. praise D. present
答案：B
---
40. hardly / hɑ dli/adv. 几乎不
【常见搭配】hardly any, hardly ever
【原文例句】Although he received the First Class Award of National Natural Science Awards twice, he hardly mentioned it. (P78)
【中考考点】副词，表示否定意义，置于实义动词之前或助动词之后。
【经典例题】
I can ________ believe my eyes.
A. hard B. hardly C. hardness D. hardy
答案：B
---
41. belong /b l /v. 应在（某处）
【常见搭配】belong to, belong in/with
【原文例句】For him, the award belonged to the team, and he was just doing his job. (P78)
【中考考点】动词，不用于进行时。后常接to。
【经典例题】
This book ________ me.
A. is belonged to B. belongs to C. is belonging to D. belong to
答案：B
---
42. belong to属于
【常见搭配】belong to sb./sth.
【原文例句】For him, the award belonged to the team, and he was just doing his job. (P78)
【中考考点】固定动词短语。
【经典例题】
The future ________ the young people.
A. belongs to B. is belonged to C. belong to D. belonging to
答案：A
---
43. granddaughter / ɡr nd t (r)/n. 孙女；外孙女
【常见搭配】my granddaughter
【原文例句】But for a long time, even his granddaughter had no idea. (P78)
【中考考点】可数名词，对应词为grandson（孙子）。
【经典例题】
She takes her ________ to the park every weekend.
A. granddaughter B. grandson C. grandfather D. grandmother
答案：A
---
44. softly / s ftli/adv. 轻柔地，柔和地
【常见搭配】speak/sing softly
【原文例句】It softly told people about his lifelong exploration and love of nature. (P78)
【中考考点】副词，修饰动词。形容词为soft（柔软的；轻柔的）。
【经典例题】
She spoke ________ so as not to wake the baby.
A. soft B. softly C. softer D. softness
答案：BUnit 6 Living with nature
sweetly adv. 悦耳动听地，好听地
villager n. 村民
wheat n. 小麦
childhood n. 童年，儿童时代
countryside n. 乡下，农村
province n. 省
especially adv. 尤其
wisdom n. 智慧，知识，学问
below prep. 在……的下面
arrival n. 到来
calendar n. 历法
webpage n. 网页
energetic adj. 精力充沛的，充满活力的
safely adv. 安全地，无危害地
bee-keeping n. 养蜂
according to 据……所示，按……所说
energy n. 能源
material n. 材料
desert n. 沙漠，荒漠
charge v. （使）充电
environment n. 生态环境
resource n. 资源（指土地、矿产等）
natural resources 自然资源
probably adv. 很可能，大概
west n. 西部
east n. 东部
mid-summer n. 仲夏
crazy adj. 疯狂的
rainfall n. 雨量
survive v. 活下来；幸存
underground adj. 地（面）下的
canal n. 运河
amazingly adv. 惊人地；了不起地
among prep. 在……（人员）中，是……之一
shortage n. 短缺，不足，缺乏
increase n. 增加，增多；增长
单词详解
1. sweetly / swi tli/adv. 悦耳动听地，好听地
【常见搭配】sing/speak sweetly
【原文例句】Lively birds sang sweetly in the trees. (P85)
【中考考点】副词，修饰动词。形容词为 sweet（甜的；悦耳的）。
【经典例题】
The little girl ________ thanked her grandmother for the gift.
A. sweet B. sweets C. sweetly D. sweetness
答案：C
---
2. villager / v l d (r)/n. 村民
【常见搭配】the villagers of a small town, local villagers
【原文例句】Villagers hurried to the fields. (P85)
【中考考点】可数名词。由 village（村庄）加后缀 -er 构成。
【经典例题】
The ________ were very friendly to the tourists.
A. village B. villagers C. villager D. villages
答案：B
---
3. wheat /wi t/n. 小麦
【常见搭配】wheat field, grow wheat
【原文例句】Adults were busy cutting the wheat. (P85)
【中考考点】不可数名词。
【经典例题】
Bread is usually made from ________.
A. rice B. wheat C. corn D. potato
答案：B
---
4. childhood / t a ldh d/n. 童年，儿童时代
【常见搭配】happy childhood, since childhood
【原文例句】This is one of the best memories of my childhood. (P85)
【中考考点】不可数名词。由 child（儿童）加后缀 -hood（表示状态、时期）构成。
【经典例题】
He spent his ________ in the countryside.
A. childhood B. child C. children D. childlike
答案：A
---
5. countryside / k ntrisa d/n. 乡下，农村
【常见搭配】in the countryside, beautiful countryside
【原文例句】I grew up in the countryside of Shandong Province. (P85)
【中考考点】不可数名词，常与 the 连用。与 city（城市）相对。
【经典例题】
They went to the ________ to enjoy the fresh air.
A. country B. countryside C. city D. town
答案：B
---
6. province / pr v ns/n. 省
【常见搭配】Shandong Province, in the province of
【原文例句】I grew up in the countryside of Shandong Province. (P85)
【中考考点】可数名词，指国家的行政区划。
【经典例题】
Hangzhou is the capital of Zhejiang ________.
A. City B. Province C. Country D. Town
答案：B
---
7. especially / spe li/adv. 尤其
【常见搭配】especially important, especially when…
【原文例句】I‘m so happy that many people, especially the young, are taking a new interest in the ancient wisdom. (P85)
【中考考点】副词，用于强调，表示在整体中某一部分更突出。
【经典例题】
I like all fruits, ________ apples.
A. specially B. especially C. special D. especial
答案：B
---
8. wisdom / w zd m/n. 智慧，知识，学问
【常见搭配】words of wisdom, wisdom tooth（智齿）
【原文例句】I‘m so happy that many people, especially the young, are taking a new interest in the ancient wisdom. (P85)
【中考考点】不可数名词。形容词为 wise（有智慧的）。
【经典例题】
The old man is full of ________.
A. wise B. wisely C. wisdom D. wisdoms
答案：C
---
9. below /b l /prep. 在……的下面
【常见搭配】below zero, below the surface
【原文例句】In the hundreds of comments below my posts, others shared similar memories and feelings. (P85)
【中考考点】介词，表示位置低于某物。反义词为 above（在……上面）。
【经典例题】
The temperature fell ________ freezing last night.
A. under B. below C. down D. low
答案：B
---
10. arrival / ra v( )l/n. 到来
【常见搭配】on arrival, arrival time, the arrival of spring
【原文例句】People celebrate their arrival with traditional activities. (P85)
【中考考点】可数/不可数名词。动词为 arrive（到达）。
【经典例题】
We are waiting for the ________ of the train.
A. arrive B. arrives C. arrival D. arriving
答案：C
---
11. calendar / k l nd (r)/n. 历法
【常见搭配】lunar calendar（农历），calendar month
【原文例句】The ancient calendar has never disappeared from the life of the Chinese. (P85)
【中考考点】可数名词。
【经典例题】
According to the Chinese ________, this year is the Year of the Dragon.
A. calendar B. date C. diary D. schedule
答案：A
---
12. webpage / webpe d /n. 网页
【常见搭配】visit a webpage, design a webpage
【原文例句】Complete the webpage using the words from the box. (P88)
【中考考点】可数名词，复合词（web + page）。
【经典例题】
You can find more information on our ________.
A. website B. webpage C. web D. net
答案：B
---
13. energetic / en d et k/adj. 精力充沛的，充满活力的
【常见搭配】an energetic person, energetic exercise
【原文例句】The Maori in New Zealand had many terms to describe the sea. They carefully checked how the water looked and used different words like “energetic” or “dangerous”. (P88)
【中考考点】形容词。名词为 energy（能量；精力）。
【经典例题】
Children are usually more ________ than adults.
A. energy B. energetic C. energetically D. energies
答案：B
---
14. safely / se fli/adv. 安全地，无危害地
【常见搭配】arrive safely, drive safely
【原文例句】By understanding the laws of nature, people can live in nature more safely. (P88)
【中考考点】副词，修饰动词。形容词为 safe（安全的），名词为 safety（安全）。
【经典例题】
The plane landed ________ despite the bad weather.
A. safe B. safely C. safety D. save
答案：B
---
15. bee-keepingn. 养蜂
【常见搭配】learn bee-keeping
【原文例句】Bee-keeping (P88) （图片标题）
【中考考点】不可数名词，复合词（bee + keeping）。指养殖蜜蜂的活动。
【经典例题】
________ is an important activity for producing honey.
A. Bee-keeping B. Keeping bee C. Bee keep D. Keep bees
答案：A
---
16. according to据……所示，按……所说
【常见搭配】according to the report/schedule/plan
【原文例句】According to… (P88) （Useful expressions）
【中考考点】介词短语，用于引出来源或依据。
【经典例题】
________ the weather forecast, it will rain tomorrow.
A. According B. According to C. According with D. According by
答案：B
---
17. energy / en d i/n. 能源
【常见搭配】solar energy, save energy
【原文例句】The sun was our first energy source… (P89)
【中考考点】不可数名词。也指“精力”。
【经典例题】
We should try to use more clean ________ like wind and sun power.
A. energetic B. energy C. energies D. energetically
答案：B
---
18. material /m t ri l/n. 材料
【常见搭配】building materials, reading materials
【原文例句】Later, people learnt to use different natural materials for energy, such as wood and oil. (P89)
【中考考点】可数/不可数名词。
【经典例题】
Bricks and cement are common ________ for building houses.
A. materials B. matters C. substance D. stuff
答案：A
---
19. desert / dez t/n. 沙漠，荒漠
【常见搭配】the Sahara Desert, desert climate
【原文例句】Mike and his dad spend a day in the desert using only solar energy. (P90) （听力选项）
【中考考点】可数名词。注意与动词 desert /d z t/（遗弃）区分。
【经典例题】
Camels are often called “ships of the ________”.
A. forest B. mountain C. desert D. sea
答案：C
---
20. charge /t ɑ d /v. （使）充电
【常见搭配】charge a phone/battery, free of charge（免费）
【原文例句】Mike and his dad are able to cook food and charge a phone using the sun. (P90) （听力选项）
【中考考点】动词，一词多义（收费；指控）。
【经典例题】
My phone is dead. I need to ________ it.
A. change B. charge C. check D. choose
答案：B
---
21. environment / n va r nm nt/n. 生态环境
【常见搭配】protect the environment, working environment
【原文例句】There are goji berries growing under the panels. It has turned the desert into a garden. (P92)
【中考考点】可数名词，常用单数。
【经典例题】
We should do something to protect our ________.
A. environmental B. environment C. environmentally D. environments
答案：B
---
22. resource /r z s, r s s/n. 资源（指土地、矿产等）
【常见搭配】natural resources, human resources（人力资源）
【原文例句】Talk about another natural resource that we use for energy. (P92)
【中考考点】可数名词，常用复数。
【经典例题】
Water is a precious ________ that we must not waste.
A. source B. resource C. origin D. root
答案：B
---
23. natural resources自然资源
【常见搭配】protect/use natural resources
【原文例句】What natural resources do we use (P92) （单元引导问题）
【中考考点】固定名词短语。
【经典例题】
Coal and oil are important ________.
A. natural resource B. natural resources C. nature resource D. nature resources
答案：B
---
24. probably / pr b bli/adv. 很可能，大概
【常见搭配】probably true, will probably do
【原文例句】You probably remember the Flaming Mountains from Journey to the West. (P92)
【中考考点】副词，表示可能性很大。形容词为 probable（很可能的）。
【经典例题】
It will ________ rain this afternoon, so take an umbrella.
A. probable B. probably C. probability D. problem
答案：B
---
25. west /west/n. 西部
【常见搭配】in the west of, west wind（西风）
【原文例句】You probably remember the Flaming Mountains from Journey to the West. (P92)
【中考考点】名词，表示方向。形容词为 western（西方的）。
【经典例题】
The sun sets in the ________.
A. east B. south C. west D. north
答案：C
---
26. east /i st/n. 东部
【常见搭配】in the east of, East Asia
【原文例句】They are in Turpan, in the east of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. (P92)
【中考考点】名词，表示方向。形容词为 eastern（东方的）。
【经典例题】
Japan lies to the ________ of China.
A. east B. west C. south D. north
答案：A
---
27. mid-summer / m d s m (r)/n. 仲夏
【常见搭配】in mid-summer
【原文例句】The desert sand can be as hot as 80°C in mid-summer. (P92)
【中考考点】不可数名词，复合词（mid- + summer）。
【经典例题】
The weather is usually very hot in ________.
A. midsummer B. mid-summer C. middle summer D. summer middle
答案：B
---
28. crazy / kre zi/adj. 疯狂的
【常见搭配】drive sb. crazy, crazy about（热衷于）
【原文例句】It may sound crazy, but the locals can cook an egg on the desert sand. (P92)
【中考考点】形容词。比较级 crazier，最高级 craziest。
【经典例题】
It‘s ________ to go out in such a heavy storm.
A. crazy B. crazily C. craziness D. craze
答案：A
---
29. rainfall / re nf l/n. 雨量
【常见搭配】heavy/light rainfall, annual rainfall（年降雨量）
【原文例句】Rainfall in Turpan is only 16 mm a year. (P92)
【中考考点】不可数名词，复合词（rain + fall）。
【经典例题】
The area has very little ________, so water is precious there.
A. raindrop B. rainfall C. rain D. rainy
答案：B
---
30. survive /s va v/v. 活下来；幸存
【常见搭配】survive an accident, survive on
【原文例句】How do people survive in such a terrible climate (P92)
【中考考点】动词。名词为 survival（生存），幸存者为 survivor。
【经典例题】
Without water, humans cannot ________ for long.
A. survive B. survival C. survivor D. surviving
答案：A
---
31. underground / nd ɡra nd/adj. 地（面）下的
【常见搭配】underground railway, underground water
【原文例句】The karez system in Turpan includes more than 1,000 wells. Under these wells are large underground canals. (P92-93)
【中考考点】形容词，作定语。也可作副词，意为“在地下”。
【经典例题】
Many cities have ________ parking lots to save space.
A. under B. underground C. underneath D. below
答案：B
---
32. canal /k n l/n. 运河
【常见搭配】the Suez Canal, build a canal
【原文例句】Under these wells are large underground canals. (P93)
【中考考点】可数名词。
【经典例题】
The Grand ________ in China is a famous ancient waterway.
A. River B. Canal C. Lake D. Sea
答案：B
---
33. amazingly / me z li/adv. 惊人地；了不起地
【常见搭配】amazingly beautiful/fast
【原文例句】And amazingly, all of this was completed with only hand tools! (P93)
【中考考点】副词，修饰整个句子或形容词。形容词为 amazing（令人惊异的）。
【经典例题】
________, he finished the whole task in just one hour.
A. Amazing B. Amazed C. Amazement D. Amazingly
答案：D
---
34. among / m /prep. 在……（人员）中，是……之一
【常见搭配】among friends, among the best
【原文例句】No wonder it‘s among the top three projects of ancient China. (P93)
【中考考点】介词，用于三者或以上。与 between（两者之间）区分。
【经典例题】
She is ________ the most talented students in our class.
A. between B. among C. in D. of
答案：B
---
35. shortage / t d /n. 短缺，不足，缺乏
【常见搭配】water shortage, food shortage, shortage of
【原文例句】Today, the area faces a water shortage. (P94)
【中考考点】可数/不可数名词。
【经典例题】
There is a ________ of nurses in this hospital.
A. short B. shorten C. shortage D. shortly
答案：C
---
36. increase / kri s/n. 增加，增多；增长
【常见搭配】a steady increase, increase in population
【原文例句】There is less water from the mountains, lower rainfall and a large increase in water use. (P94)
【中考考点】可数/不可数名词。动词读作 / n kri s/。
【经典例题】
There has been a sharp ________ in the price of vegetables.
A. increase B. increased C. increasing D. to increase
答案：A
