必修二 Unit 5 Music 过去分词作表语和状语学案（含答案）
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| 名称 | 必修二 Unit 5 Music 过去分词作表语和状语学案（含答案） |
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过去分词作表语和状语学案
（必修二U5 Music）
教学重点 · 作表语：表主语状态 / 感受，相当于形容词，跟系动词；-ed 表 “感到……”/ 事物状态，-ing 表 “令人……”。· 作状语：逻辑主语与句主语一致，表被动 / 完成，可表时间 / 原因等 6 种功能，可加连词；逻辑主语不一致用独立主格。· 特殊形式：having been done 仅作状语，强调动作先于谓语；done 表被动不强调先后。· 分词辨析：done 作状语表被动 / 完成，doing 表主动 / 进行。
教学难点 · -ed 与 - ing 的精准区分（人作主语接 - ing 表性格特征）。· 作状语时逻辑主语和被动关系的判定。· done 与 having been done 的用法差异。· seated/lost 等固定表语型过去分词的识记。· 连词后过去分词的状语从句省略结构运用。
一、核心语法讲解
（一）过去分词作表语
1. 定义: 过去分词（done）作表语，放在系动词之后，用来说明主语的状态、感受、特征，相当于形容词。
2. 常用系动词: be(am/is/are/was/were)、feel、look、sound、smell、taste、seem、appear、get、become、stay、keep、remain等。
3. 基本结构: 主语 + 系动词 + 过去分词（表状态）
The window is broken. 窗户是破的。（broken表状态）
I am interested in English. 我对英语感兴趣。
4. 核心用法
（1）表示主语的心理/情绪状态（人作主语居多）
常用词： 情感类：interested（感兴趣的）、excited（兴奋的）、surprised（惊讶的）、tired（疲倦的）、frightened（害怕的）
She is very tired. 她很累。
We are surprised at the news. 我们对这个消息感到惊讶。
（2）表示主语的性质、状态（物/人作主语均可）
常用词：broken, closed, locked, gone, covered, finished, married（已婚的）、dressed（穿着...的）、lost（丢失的/迷路的）、seated（就坐的）、drunk（醉的）等。
The book is lost. 这本书丢了。
The door remains closed. 门一直关着。
（3）分清“-ed”与“-ing”分词
过去分词 (-ed)：表示主语“感到……”，主语通常是人；或表示事物“自身状态”。
· I feel tired.（我感到疲惫。）
· The door is locked.（门是锁着的。）
现在分词 (-ing)：表示事物“令人……”，主语通常是物。
· The movie is tiring.（电影令人疲惫。）
· The news is exciting.（消息令人兴奋。）
易错点提醒：当主语是“人”时，也能接 -ing 分词。例如：He is boring.（他这人很无趣——指他令人感到无聊）。这句指的是他本身的性格特征，而不是他的感受。
He is terrifying. /He is terrified.
Please describe a dog that is frightened. /Please describe a dog that is frightening.
过去分词作状语
1. 基本概念
过去分词（done）作状语，修饰主句谓语动词，表示动作发生的时间、原因、条件、让步、方式、伴随等，相当于一个状语从句。
核心原则：过去分词作状语，其逻辑主语必须与句子主语一致，且主语与分词是被动关系（主语被……/主语处于……状态）。
2. 句法结构:
（连词）+ 过去分词，主句 If given more time, we could do it better.
主句，（连词）+ 过去分词 The teacher came in, followed by his students.
3. 过去分词作状语的6种常见功能
（1）表时间（相当于时间状语从句）
Seen from the hill, the park looks beautiful.
= When it is seen from the hill, the park looks beautiful. 从山上看，这个公园很美。
（2）表原因（相当于原因状语从句）
Born in a poor family, he couldn’t go to school.
= Because he was born in a poor family, he couldn’t go to school. 因为出生在贫困家庭，他没法上学。
（3）表条件（相当于条件状语从句）
Given more time, we could do it better.
= If we were given more time, we could do it better. 如果多给点时间，我们能做得更好。
（4）表让步（相当于让步状语从句，常带连词though/although）
Beaten by the opposite team, we didn’t lose heart.
= Though we were beaten by the opposite team, we didn’t lose heart. 虽然被对手打败，但我们没有灰心。
（5）表方式/伴随
The teacher came in, followed by his students.
= The teacher came in and was followed by his students. 老师进来了，身后跟着他的学生。
（6）表结果
The cup fell down, broken into pieces.
杯子掉了下来，摔成了碎片。
4. 可加的连词
为使逻辑更清晰，可在分词前加连词：when, while, if, though, although, unless, once 等。
例：When heated, water turns into steam. 水加热后变成水蒸气。
5. 独立主格结构（特殊情况）
当分词逻辑主语与句子主语不一致时，需在分词前加上自己的主语，构成独立主格。
结构：名词/代词 + 过去分词
例：The work finished, we went home. 工作完成后，我们回家了。
重难点辨析
过去分词 VS 现在分词作状语
- 过去分词（done）：主语与动作是被动/完成关系 Seen from the top, the city is nice.（城市被看）
- 现在分词（doing）：主语与动作是主动/进行关系Seeing from the top, we find the city nice.（我们主动看）
经典例句汇总
时间：Once published, this book will be popular.
原因：Tired from the walk, he fell asleep soon.
条件：Used wisely, money can bring happiness.
让步：Though wounded, he kept on fighting.
伴随：He stood there, surrounded by his friends.
过去分词的完成式：having been done(句中常有状语for a long time, many times, twice)只作状语，不作定语
- Done：被动（不强调先后）
- Having been done：强调该动作发生在谓语动词之前
- Having been told many times, he still forgot it.
一、基础填空题
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. The news is ______ (surprise).
2. We are ______ (excite) about the trip.
3. ______ (hear) the good news, he laughed.
4. ______ (ask) for help, I couldn’t refuse.
5. The glass is ______ (break).
6. ______ (see) from the top of the mountain, the city is beautiful.
7. He looks ______ (worry) today.
8. ______ (write) in a hurry, the paper has mistakes.
9. The movie is ______ (move).
10. ______ (follow) the teacher, we walked in.
二、提升填空题
用所给词的适当形式填空
1. ______ (lose) in thought, he missed the bus.
2. He got ______ (marry) last year.
3. ______ (hear) the shocking news, he was shocked.
4. ______ (give) more time, we can do better.
5. ______ (trap) in the rain, he had to stop.
6. ______ (walk) along the street, I met a friend.
7. ______ (tell) many times, he still made the same mistake.
8. The lecture was so inspiring that all the students got deeply __________ (involve) in the discussion.
9. ______ (satisfy) with the result, he smiled.
10. ______ (leave) alone at home, the boy felt sad.
三、翻译题
1. 听到孩子得救后，大家都松了一口气。(relieve)
____________________________________________________________________________________
被邀请参加晚会，我很开心。(invite)
____________________________________________________________________________________
多次被警告后，他不再迟到。(warn)
____________________________________________________________________________________
看到那幅画，我想起了童年。(see)
____________________________________________________________________________________
建于18世纪，这座城堡吸引了许多游客。(build)
____________________________________________________________________________________
四、高考真题精选
1. When __________ (see) from afar, the mangrove forests appear more splendid.
2. __________ (trap) in the river for five hours, the thief looked very pale and exhausted.
3. When first __________ (introduce) to the market, these products enjoyed great success.
4. Sarah, hurry up. I’m afraid you won’t have time to get __________ (change) before the party.
5. The job was so __________ (tire) that I almost fell asleep on the way home.
6. Please remain __________ (seat); the winner of the prize will be announced soon.
7. __________ (encourage) by the speech, the young people made up their minds to take up the struggle.
8. __________ (bite) twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog.
9. For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are important in staying __________ (connect).
10. __________ (hear) the good news, they all jumped with joy.
11. The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons __________ (finish) for the day.
12. Ordinary soap, __________ (use) correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.
参考答案
基础填空
1. surprising 2. excited 3. Hearing 4. Asked 5. broken
2. Seen 7. worried 8. Written 9. moving 10. Following
提升填空
1. Lost 2. being discussed 3.Hearing 4. Given
2. Trapped 6. Walking 7. Having been told 8. involved
3. Satisfied 10. Left
翻译题
1. Hearing the child was saved, everyone was relieved.
2. Invited to the party, I was very happy.
3. Having been warned many times, he wasn’t late any more.
4. Seeing the picture, I thought of my childhood.
5. Built in the 18th century, the castle attracts many tourists.
高考真题
第1题 答案：seen (过去分词)
解析：作状语。逻辑主语 forests 与“看”是被动关系（森林被看），表“当（森林）被从远处看时”。
第2题 答案：Trapped (过去分词)
解析：作状语。逻辑主语 the thief 与“困住”是被动关系（小偷被困），表原因。
第3题 答案：introduced (过去分词)
解析：作状语。逻辑主语 products 与“介绍”是被动关系（产品被引入市场），是状语从句的省略。
第4题 答案：changed (过去分词)
解析：作表语。在 “get + 过去分词” 结构中，描述主语 you 的“换好衣服”这一状态。
第5题 答案：tiring (现在分词)
解析：作表语。The job 是事物，是“使人疲劳”的发出者（主动关系），修饰事物性质，用 tiring。注意与 tired（人感到疲倦的）区别。
第6题 答案：seated (过去分词)
解析：作表语。位于系动词 remain 后，描述主语保持“就座”的被动状态。
第7题 答案：Encouraged (过去分词)
解析：作状语。逻辑主语 the young people 与“鼓舞”是被动关系（年轻人被鼓舞），表原因。
第8题 答案：Bitten (过去分词)
解析：作状语。逻辑主语 the postman 与“咬”是被动关系（邮递员被咬），表原因。
第9题 答案：connected (过去分词)
解析：作表语。表示“保持联系”这一被动完成的状态。
第10题 答案：Hearing (现在分词)
解析：作状语。逻辑主语 they 与“听”是主动关系（他们主动听到好消息），表时间。
第11题 答案：finished (过去分词)
解析：在独立主格结构中作状语。逻辑主语 lessons 与“完成”是被动关系（课程被完成）。
第12题 答案：used (过去分词)
解析：作状语。逻辑主语 soap 与“使用”是被动关系（肥皂被正确使用），表条件。
目标导航
知识精炼
基础过关
能力提升
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
过去分词作表语和状语学案
（必修二U5 Music）
教学重点 · 作表语：表主语状态 / 感受，相当于形容词，跟系动词；-ed 表 “感到……”/ 事物状态，-ing 表 “令人……”。· 作状语：逻辑主语与句主语一致，表被动 / 完成，可表时间 / 原因等 6 种功能，可加连词；逻辑主语不一致用独立主格。· 特殊形式：having been done 仅作状语，强调动作先于谓语；done 表被动不强调先后。· 分词辨析：done 作状语表被动 / 完成，doing 表主动 / 进行。
教学难点 · -ed 与 - ing 的精准区分（人作主语接 - ing 表性格特征）。· 作状语时逻辑主语和被动关系的判定。· done 与 having been done 的用法差异。· seated/lost 等固定表语型过去分词的识记。· 连词后过去分词的状语从句省略结构运用。
一、核心语法讲解
（一）过去分词作表语
1. 定义: 过去分词（done）作表语，放在系动词之后，用来说明主语的状态、感受、特征，相当于形容词。
2. 常用系动词: be(am/is/are/was/were)、feel、look、sound、smell、taste、seem、appear、get、become、stay、keep、remain等。
3. 基本结构: 主语 + 系动词 + 过去分词（表状态）
The window is broken. 窗户是破的。（broken表状态）
I am interested in English. 我对英语感兴趣。
4. 核心用法
（1）表示主语的心理/情绪状态（人作主语居多）
常用词： 情感类：interested（感兴趣的）、excited（兴奋的）、surprised（惊讶的）、tired（疲倦的）、frightened（害怕的）
She is very tired. 她很累。
We are surprised at the news. 我们对这个消息感到惊讶。
（2）表示主语的性质、状态（物/人作主语均可）
常用词：broken, closed, locked, gone, covered, finished, married（已婚的）、dressed（穿着...的）、lost（丢失的/迷路的）、seated（就坐的）、drunk（醉的）等。
The book is lost. 这本书丢了。
The door remains closed. 门一直关着。
（3）分清“-ed”与“-ing”分词
过去分词 (-ed)：表示主语“感到……”，主语通常是人；或表示事物“自身状态”。
· I feel tired.（我感到疲惫。）
· The door is locked.（门是锁着的。）
现在分词 (-ing)：表示事物“令人……”，主语通常是物。
· The movie is tiring.（电影令人疲惫。）
· The news is exciting.（消息令人兴奋。）
易错点提醒：当主语是“人”时，也能接 -ing 分词。例如：He is boring.（他这人很无趣——指他令人感到无聊）。这句指的是他本身的性格特征，而不是他的感受。
He is terrifying. /He is terrified.
Please describe a dog that is frightened. /Please describe a dog that is frightening.
过去分词作状语
1. 基本概念
过去分词（done）作状语，修饰主句谓语动词，表示动作发生的时间、原因、条件、让步、方式、伴随等，相当于一个状语从句。
核心原则：过去分词作状语，其逻辑主语必须与句子主语一致，且主语与分词是被动关系（主语被……/主语处于……状态）。
2. 句法结构:
（连词）+ 过去分词，主句 If given more time, we could do it better.
主句，（连词）+ 过去分词 The teacher came in, followed by his students.
3. 过去分词作状语的6种常见功能
（1）表时间（相当于时间状语从句）
Seen from the hill, the park looks beautiful.
= When it is seen from the hill, the park looks beautiful. 从山上看，这个公园很美。
（2）表原因（相当于原因状语从句）
Born in a poor family, he couldn’t go to school.
= Because he was born in a poor family, he couldn’t go to school. 因为出生在贫困家庭，他没法上学。
（3）表条件（相当于条件状语从句）
Given more time, we could do it better.
= If we were given more time, we could do it better. 如果多给点时间，我们能做得更好。
（4）表让步（相当于让步状语从句，常带连词though/although）
Beaten by the opposite team, we didn’t lose heart.
= Though we were beaten by the opposite team, we didn’t lose heart. 虽然被对手打败，但我们没有灰心。
（5）表方式/伴随
The teacher came in, followed by his students.
= The teacher came in and was followed by his students. 老师进来了，身后跟着他的学生。
（6）表结果
The cup fell down, broken into pieces.
杯子掉了下来，摔成了碎片。
4. 可加的连词
为使逻辑更清晰，可在分词前加连词：when, while, if, though, although, unless, once 等。
例：When heated, water turns into steam. 水加热后变成水蒸气。
5. 独立主格结构（特殊情况）
当分词逻辑主语与句子主语不一致时，需在分词前加上自己的主语，构成独立主格。
结构：名词/代词 + 过去分词
例：The work finished, we went home. 工作完成后，我们回家了。
重难点辨析
过去分词 VS 现在分词作状语
- 过去分词（done）：主语与动作是被动/完成关系 Seen from the top, the city is nice.（城市被看）
- 现在分词（doing）：主语与动作是主动/进行关系Seeing from the top, we find the city nice.（我们主动看）
经典例句汇总
时间：Once published, this book will be popular.
原因：Tired from the walk, he fell asleep soon.
条件：Used wisely, money can bring happiness.
让步：Though wounded, he kept on fighting.
伴随：He stood there, surrounded by his friends.
过去分词的完成式：having been done(句中常有状语for a long time, many times, twice)只作状语，不作定语
- Done：被动（不强调先后）
- Having been done：强调该动作发生在谓语动词之前
- Having been told many times, he still forgot it.
一、基础填空题
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. The news is ______ (surprise).
2. We are ______ (excite) about the trip.
3. ______ (hear) the good news, he laughed.
4. ______ (ask) for help, I couldn’t refuse.
5. The glass is ______ (break).
6. ______ (see) from the top of the mountain, the city is beautiful.
7. He looks ______ (worry) today.
8. ______ (write) in a hurry, the paper has mistakes.
9. The movie is ______ (move).
10. ______ (follow) the teacher, we walked in.
二、提升填空题
用所给词的适当形式填空
1. ______ (lose) in thought, he missed the bus.
2. He got ______ (marry) last year.
3. ______ (hear) the shocking news, he was shocked.
4. ______ (give) more time, we can do better.
5. ______ (trap) in the rain, he had to stop.
6. ______ (walk) along the street, I met a friend.
7. ______ (tell) many times, he still made the same mistake.
8. The lecture was so inspiring that all the students got deeply __________ (involve) in the discussion.
9. ______ (satisfy) with the result, he smiled.
10. ______ (leave) alone at home, the boy felt sad.
三、翻译题
1. 听到孩子得救后，大家都松了一口气。(relieve)
____________________________________________________________________________________
被邀请参加晚会，我很开心。(invite)
____________________________________________________________________________________
多次被警告后，他不再迟到。(warn)
____________________________________________________________________________________
看到那幅画，我想起了童年。(see)
____________________________________________________________________________________
建于18世纪，这座城堡吸引了许多游客。(build)
____________________________________________________________________________________
四、高考真题精选
1. When __________ (see) from afar, the mangrove forests appear more splendid.
2. __________ (trap) in the river for five hours, the thief looked very pale and exhausted.
3. When first __________ (introduce) to the market, these products enjoyed great success.
4. Sarah, hurry up. I’m afraid you won’t have time to get __________ (change) before the party.
5. The job was so __________ (tire) that I almost fell asleep on the way home.
6. Please remain __________ (seat); the winner of the prize will be announced soon.
7. __________ (encourage) by the speech, the young people made up their minds to take up the struggle.
8. __________ (bite) twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog.
9. For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are important in staying __________ (connect).
10. __________ (hear) the good news, they all jumped with joy.
11. The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons __________ (finish) for the day.
12. Ordinary soap, __________ (use) correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.
参考答案
基础填空
1. surprising 2. excited 3. Hearing 4. Asked 5. broken
2. Seen 7. worried 8. Written 9. moving 10. Following
提升填空
1. Lost 2. being discussed 3.Hearing 4. Given
2. Trapped 6. Walking 7. Having been told 8. involved
3. Satisfied 10. Left
翻译题
1. Hearing the child was saved, everyone was relieved.
2. Invited to the party, I was very happy.
3. Having been warned many times, he wasn’t late any more.
4. Seeing the picture, I thought of my childhood.
5. Built in the 18th century, the castle attracts many tourists.
高考真题
第1题 答案：seen (过去分词)
解析：作状语。逻辑主语 forests 与“看”是被动关系（森林被看），表“当（森林）被从远处看时”。
第2题 答案：Trapped (过去分词)
解析：作状语。逻辑主语 the thief 与“困住”是被动关系（小偷被困），表原因。
第3题 答案：introduced (过去分词)
解析：作状语。逻辑主语 products 与“介绍”是被动关系（产品被引入市场），是状语从句的省略。
第4题 答案：changed (过去分词)
解析：作表语。在 “get + 过去分词” 结构中，描述主语 you 的“换好衣服”这一状态。
第5题 答案：tiring (现在分词)
解析：作表语。The job 是事物，是“使人疲劳”的发出者（主动关系），修饰事物性质，用 tiring。注意与 tired（人感到疲倦的）区别。
第6题 答案：seated (过去分词)
解析：作表语。位于系动词 remain 后，描述主语保持“就座”的被动状态。
第7题 答案：Encouraged (过去分词)
解析：作状语。逻辑主语 the young people 与“鼓舞”是被动关系（年轻人被鼓舞），表原因。
第8题 答案：Bitten (过去分词)
解析：作状语。逻辑主语 the postman 与“咬”是被动关系（邮递员被咬），表原因。
第9题 答案：connected (过去分词)
解析：作表语。表示“保持联系”这一被动完成的状态。
第10题 答案：Hearing (现在分词)
解析：作状语。逻辑主语 they 与“听”是主动关系（他们主动听到好消息），表时间。
第11题 答案：finished (过去分词)
解析：在独立主格结构中作状语。逻辑主语 lessons 与“完成”是被动关系（课程被完成）。
第12题 答案：used (过去分词)
解析：作状语。逻辑主语 soap 与“使用”是被动关系（肥皂被正确使用），表条件。
目标导航
知识精炼
基础过关
能力提升
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