高考英语二轮复习专题六读后续写第二讲牢记高分公式课件

(共73张PPT)
第二讲　牢记高分公式
动作链构建公式
记叙文中的动作描写既能够推动故事情节的发展，也能够塑造人物形象及性格。 但是，笼统的动作描写难以达到这样的效果。因此，要构建生动的故事情节、塑造丰满的人物形象，就需要学会精细化地进行动作描写，将动作分解成可陈述的连贯片段，串联成动作链，从而构建生动、立体的画面。
构建公式1　动词的三联动：谓语动词A＋B＋and＋C
典例
(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Gunter parked the taxi behind the bus, turned around, and looked at me with a big smile on his face.
冈特把出租车停在公共汽车后面，转过身来，脸上带着灿烂的笑容看着我。
翻译练习
1.(2024·浙江卷1月)她利用(地面或物体的)影子在学校的走廊中辨明方向、找到自己的教室，甚至还找到了学校里的各种设施。
She used the shadows to _______________________________________, and even ______________________________．
2.(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ&Ⅱ)他走上前，拍了拍我的肩膀，轻声说道：“有志者，事竟成。”
He ___________________________ on the shoulder and __________ softly, “Where there is a will, there is a way.”
navigate the school hallways, find her classes
locate the school's various facilities
stepped forward, patted me
said
3.(人教选必四U1)她尖叫着把他推开，然后跑回了自己的房间。
She ______________________________, and ____________________．
screamed, pushed him away
ran to her room
构建公式2　名词短语＋and＋陈述句
典例
Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.
灭火器喷了两下，火就被扑灭了。
翻译练习
1.我相信再努力一点，问题就会被解决。
__________________, I believe, ___________________________．
2.仔细一看，我发现一只小狗在水里游泳。
______________________________________________________
3.再看一眼，他注意到火焰从那辆废弃的汽车下面冒出来。
_____________________________________________ from under the disabled vehicle.
A bit more effort
and the problem will be settled
A closer look and I found a little dog swimming in the water.
One more look and he noticed flames shooting out
构建公式3　v.-ing/Having done, 主语＋did (＋and did/，v.-ing)
典例
(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Giving him a firm handshake, I jumped out of the car and made a mad run for the bus.
与他紧紧握手后，我跳下车，疯狂地跑向公共汽车。
翻译练习
1.回首这些年，我意识到这就是我多年来一直等待的机会。
_____________________, I realized that it is the opportunity that I had been waiting for so many years.
2.(北师大选必四U10)她在桌旁的椅子上坐了下来，双臂放在椅子上，把脸埋在双臂里，接着便放声大哭起来。
____________________________________________________________________________________, she proceeded to cry stormily.
Looking back the years
Sitting down on a chair by the table, throwing her arms on it, and burying her face in them
3.由于做了充分的准备，我被选为学生会主席，这出乎我的意料。
____________________________, I was chosen chairman of the Student Union, which was beyond my expectations.
Having made full preparations
构建公式4　主语＋did，(＋did/doing/独立主格) and did，only to do (表示出乎意料的结果)
典例
(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)I jumped out of the car, made a mad run for the machine, and popped my card in, only to read the message：“Out of order. Sorry.”
我跳下车，疯了似的冲向机器，把我的卡插了进去，却看到了一条信息： “出错了，对不起。”
翻译练习
1.感到有紧急情况，他转向尖叫声传来的方向，却发现两个孩子正在水中挣扎。
Sensing something urgent, he turned to the direction where the screams came, ________________________________________．
2.她又试了一次，结果感觉那些话卡在喉咙里，说不出来。
She tried again, ________________________________________, unable to pour them out.
only to find two kids struggling in the water
only to feel the words stuck in her throat
3.小羊和它的妈妈团聚了，我转身回到拖拉机旁，却看到小狗突然从我身边走开了。
Lamb and its mother were reunited, and I turned back to the tractor, ________________________________________________．
only to see the dog move suddenly away from me
构建公式5　状语从句/状语从句的省略，主语＋did(＋and did/，doing)
典例
(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)The moment I got off the plane, I ran like crazy through the airport building and jumped into the first taxi on the rank without a second thought.
下飞机的那一刻，我像疯了一样穿过机场大楼，义无反顾地跳上了第一辆出租车。
翻译练习
1.当我正打算放弃的时候，冈特掏出他的小手机给他的一个朋友打了电话。
________________________________, Gunter fished out his little phone and ________________．
2.一天下午，正当她试图上床的时候，她突然晕倒了，最终被确诊是心脏病发作。
One afternoon, ________________________________, she collapsed from what was eventually discovered to be a heart attack.
When I was about to give up
rang up a friend
while attempting to get into bed
3.他们看到日出的那一刻，明白了早起的价值。
________________________________, they knew it was worth waking up early for.
The moment they saw the sunrise
构建公式6　with复合结构/独立主格结构，主语＋did(，doing)
典例
(2024·浙江卷1月)Soon Eva began to breathe hard, with her heart pounding and legs shaking.
很快，伊娃开始呼吸困难，心跳加速，双腿颤抖。
翻译练习
1.(人教选必一U4)他们手托下巴，凝视着窗外或天花板，以此消磨时光。
____________________________, they occupy themselves by staring out of the window or up at the ceiling.
With their chins on their hands
2.乔伊耐心地教他的祖父字母表和一些基本的单词，他们的声音让整个房间充满了学习的甜美旋律。
Joey patiently taught his grandfather the alphabet and basic words, ____________________________ with the sweet melody of learning.
3.(译林必修三U2)每个人都转身逃跑——彼此奔跑、挤压、推搡。
Each turned to fly—_________________________________________．
their voices filling the room
each running, pressing, pushing against the other
心理描写公式
心理描写指描写语篇中的人物在特定情境中的心理状态、精神面貌或者内心情感活动。语篇中的心理描写可以反映人物的性格，展示彼时彼刻人物的内心世界，同时刻画人物的形象，突出人物的特点。有的心理描写可以表达人物的感受；有的则可以表达人物的情绪。
构建公式1　adj.作状语
典例
(2024·浙江卷1月)Confident and determined, she focused on learning the routes to her classes by using the new strategy.
她充满信心，下定决心，利用新策略集中精力认清上课的路。
翻译练习
1.(2025·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)我决心把事情处理好，于是决定去拜访他并道歉。
____________________________, I decided to pay him a visit and apologize.
2.他好奇想知道里面有什么，便蹑手蹑脚地走进了黑暗的洞穴。
____________________________, he tiptoed into the dark cave.
Determined to make things right
Curious to know what was inside
构建公式2　Seeing/Noticing/Hearing/Knowing．.., sb.felt/was/were＋adj.(＋to do)
典例
(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Seeing the sincere smile on his face, I felt blessed to have such a warm-hearted friend like Gunter.
看到他脸上真诚的笑容，我为有像冈特这样一位热心的朋友而感到幸福。
翻译练习
1.听到老师的积极评价，莉莉对自己和自己的能力更有信心了。
________________________________________________________, Lily _________________in herself and her abilities.
2.看到她们漂亮的模型，我对自己的模型感到更加尴尬。
________________________, I ________________________about mine.
Hearing the positive comments of her teacher
felt more confident
Seeing their beautiful models
felt even more embarrassed
构建公式3　无生命名词作主语
典例
(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)A feeling of helplessness washed over me as I saw the bus queue thinning out.
当我看到排队的公交车越来越少时，一种无助感涌上心头。
翻译练习
1.当我站在那里不知所措时，肩膀上轻轻的触碰把我拉回了现实。
As I stood there, feeling at a loss, ________________________________________________________．
2.当她犹豫不决地走进房间时，一股困惑涌上心头，她的心怦怦直跳。
___________________________________ as she stepped hesitantly into the room, her heart pounding.
a gentle touch on my shoulder brought me back to reality
A wave of confusion washed over her
构建公式4　find/make/leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语或者 find/make/leave＋it (形式宾语)＋宾语补足语＋真正的宾语
典例
(2024·浙江卷1月)Having a poor sense of direction, Eva found it impossible to get around in such a huge building.
伊娃的方向感很差，她发现在这么大的建筑里根本无法走动。
翻译练习
1.马克用自信的微笑迎接我们，用富有磁性的声音分享他的故事，让我目瞪口呆。
Greeting us with a confident smile, Mark shared his story in a magnetic voice, which __________________．
2.有时候，困难的日子让我难过和想家。
Sometimes the difficult times ___________________________．
left me stunned
made me sad and homesick
构建公式5　with＋表示情感的抽象名词
典例
(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)She would have struggled with extreme pain to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey's help.　如果没有贝利的帮助，她会在极度痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站。
翻译练习
1.一看到那只凶猛的狼，她就吓得睁大了眼睛。
At the sight of the fierce wolf, _______________________________．
2.一看到那只凶猛的狮子，我吓得僵住了。
On seeing that fierce lion, __________________．
she opened her eyes wide with fear
I froze with terror
构建公式6　to one's (great)＋情绪名词/much to one's＋情绪名词
典例
(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)To my great surprise/Much to my surprise, I was informed that I won the first prize in the writing contest and that there would be an award presentation in two days.
令我非常惊喜的是，我被告知我获得了写作比赛的一等奖，两天后将举行颁奖仪式。
翻译练习
1.令我非常吃惊的是，许多人来问我问题并买了我的书。
_____________________, a number of people came up to ask me questions and bought my book.
2.令我失望的是，经过一次又一次的修改，我的文章仍然不符合要求。
_____________________, having been revised again and again, my essay still failed to meet the requirements.
Much to my surprise
To my disappointment
构建公式7　情感拟人化
典例
He stood up, hugged his parents, and smiled, trying not to let his emotions get the better of him.
他站了起来，拥抱着他的父母，微笑着，尽力不让自己的情绪控制自己。
翻译练习
1.他被恐惧笼罩了。　Fear ________________ him.
2.他突然感到不寒而栗。　A chill of horror ____________________ him.
3.到目前为止，乐观变成了怀疑。　
By now, optimism ________________ doubt.
4.我气得说不出话。　Anger ________ me.
entirely seized
suddenly swept over
has given way to
choked
5.我们激动得喘不过气来。　Excitement ____________________．
6.喜悦的泪水从她的脸上滑落。Tears of joy ____________________．
7.每个人都离开后，我突然感到一阵孤独。
After everyone left, I ______ suddenly ____________________________.
took our breath away
streamed down her face
was
seized with/by a feeling of loneliness
8.当她听到她赢得一等奖的消息时，她欣喜若狂。
When she heard the announcement that she won the first prize, ________________________her.
9.他的脸上露出灿烂的笑容。　A shining smile ________________his face.
a wild joy took hold of
spread across
构建公式8　间接描写：非谓语(v.-ing、v.-ed、to do、with复合结构和独立主格结构)
典例
(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)I felt so depressed and sorry, an embarrassed smile creeping onto my face.
我感到既沮丧又抱歉，尴尬的微笑逐渐浮现在我的脸上。
翻译练习
1.他站在那里一句话也说不出来，脸色苍白。
He stood there and was tongue-tied ____________________________．
2.几天后，汤姆低着头走出前门，坐在街边。
Days later, Tom walked out the front door __________________ and sat by the side of the street.
with his face turning pale
with his head down
3.(人教选必三U2)梅格跑上楼，很快就回来了，看起来如释重负，但有点羞愧。
Meg ran upstairs and soon came back, ___________________________________．
looking relieved but a little ashamed
构建公式9　状语从句
典例
(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ) I flashed him an apologetic smile as I pulled out my Portuguese bankcard.
我一边掏出葡萄牙银行卡，一边向他报以歉意的微笑。
翻译练习
1.当我最终完成它时，获奖的念头已经让位于写作的乐趣。
When I finally finished it, ______________________________________
______________________．
2.当我被邀请上台领奖时，我表达了对老师的感谢。
When I was invited to the stage to receive the award, I ____________________________________．
the thought of winning had given way to the
expressed my thanks to my teacher
enjoyment of writing
构建公式10　修辞手法
典例
(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)After a heated discussion that lasted for what seemed like a century, Gunter put his phone down and started the car.
经过仿佛持续了一个世纪的激烈讨论后，冈特放下手机，并发动了汽车。
翻译练习
1.我感到窒息，好像喉咙里有个肿块。
I felt myself choked ________________________________________．
2.但是，他仍然像一匹脱缰的野马，全速向前奔跑，脸上露出坚定的神情。
However, he still raced forward at a full speed ____________________________, with a determined look on his face.
as if there were a lump in my throat
like a wild horse out of control
环境描写公式
环境描写可以烘托、渲染气氛，衬托人物形象，并推动故事情节的发展，间接表达人物的心理及情感变化，即借景抒情。
环境描写一定要为语篇的主旨大意服务。语篇中没有无缘无故的环境描写，只有依据主旨的环境描写。因此掌握有效的环境描写公式，将会为续写语篇增色不少。
构建公式1　时间、空间顺序的描写
典例
(外研选必一U6)The first landmark to catch my eye is the splendid Qingshuihe Bridge, the world's longest bridge built over permafrost.
首先映入我眼帘的地标是壮观的清水河特大桥，它是世界上最长的高原冻土铁路桥。
翻译练习
1.(人教选必一U3)展现在我面前的是拉帕河的支流流经下面的山谷。
________________________, branches of the Rapa River flow through the valley below.
2.太阳跃出灰蒙蒙的海面，小半轮紫红色的火焰，立刻将暗淡的天空照亮了。
The sun rose above the dusky sea, and a little half-wheel of mauve flame immediately ________________．
Spreading out before me
lit up the dim sky
构建公式2　动静结合的描写
典例
(人教必修二U4)On a quiet morning in the mountains, feel the sun on your skin, and breathe in the sweet scent of fresh flowers while birds greet the new day with their morning song.
安静的早晨，在山间感受阳光照耀在肌肤上，呼吸着带有清新花香的空气，而鸟儿们则用它们的晨歌迎接新的一天。
翻译练习
1.一阵清风吹来，湖面起了涟漪。
A gentle breeze came up, ___________________________．
2.一切万籁俱寂，只有呼呼的风声和噼噼啪啪的火苗声相伴。
Everything was in silence, _______________________________________
___________________．
wrinkling the surface of the lake
only the howling of the wind and the flames of
the fire for company
构建公式3　情景交融的描写
典例
(人教选必一U3)Being in such a beautiful and wild place makes me feel blessed to be alive.
在这样一个美丽而荒凉的地方，我感到活着是幸运的。
翻译练习
1.(人教必修三U1)几首歌唱毕，选手们开始在草地上翩翩起舞，在空中挥舞着他们的双臂，宛如雄鹰。这刚与柔的展示深深地打动了我。
After singing some songs, the competitors danced onto the green field, ____________________________________________________________. I _____________________________________________．
waving their arms in the air as if they were eagles
was quite moved by their show of strength and grace
2.(人教选必二U4)望着眼前的美景，两人一致认为这是她们所经历过的最棒的一次旅行。
Looking at the beautiful scenery, they both agreed that ______________________________________________________.
it was the most awesome journey they had ever taken
构建公式4　无生命名词作主语
以没有生命的事物作主语，包括时间、地点、感情等。这为无生命的形式赋予了生命，以达到生动的表达效果。尤其适用于刻画人物情绪心理、渲染环境气氛等。
典例
(2023·浙江卷1月)A noise at a window caught my attention, so I entered it.
窗户上的噪音引起了我的注意，所以我走了进去。
翻译练习
1.过去十年见证了这个城市的巨大变化。
________________________________________ in this city.
2.风景如此之美，我已经无法用语言来表达。
________________________ how beautiful the scenery was.
3.我们步行十分钟就到了旅馆。
______________________________ to the hotel.
4.十年的辛勤劳动极大地改变了她。
________________________________________
The past decade witnessed the great changes
Words failed me to express
A ten minutes' walk brought us
Ten years of hard work changed her greatly.
构建公式5　情景＋比喻/拟人句
典例
The moon was held up above the sky, shining her smooth and charming moonlight.
月亮悬挂在天空中，洒下她轻柔而迷人的月光。
翻译练习
1.当朵拉沿着人行道行走时，金色和棕色的叶子在她的靴子下嘎吱作响。
________________________________________ under Dora's boots as she made her way down the sidewalk.
Golden and brown leaves crunched
2.月亮用柔和的光洗刷着树林。星星闪烁着，像孩子好奇的眼睛闪烁着期待。
________________ the woods in a gentle light. The stars twinkled ________________________ blinking with anticipation.
3.夕阳照亮了这条河，仿佛变魔术似的，这条河变成了一条金色的丝带。
The setting sun lit up the river, ________, as if by magic, ________________________________．
which
had turned into a golden ribbon
The moon washed
like a child's curious eyes
构建公式6　完全倒装句
读后续写中最常出现的环境——地点方位的描写常用“完全倒装”这一句式结构。
典例
John opened the door. There stood a girl he had never seen before.
约翰打开了门。有一个他以前从未见过的女孩站在那里。
翻译练习
1.从我们的邻居家传来了美妙动听的音乐。
____________________________________________________
2.地板上堆满了旧书、杂志和报纸。
___________________________________, magazines and newspapers.
From our neighbor's house came beautiful music.
On the floor were piles of old books
3.森林中央有一个美丽的湖。
____________________________________________________
4.其中一张桌子旁坐着一家人，他们有两个女儿，都和梅梅差不多年龄。
__________________________ with two daughters who were about Mei Mei's age.
In the middle of the forest lies a beautiful lake.
At one of the tables sat a family
精彩结尾公式
在记叙文中，结尾起到至关重要的作用。除了点明故事结局以外，也会和原文相互照应，点明主旨，升华主题。结尾主题升华包括：解释事物的普遍规律，由具体的人物或事物概括出世间的一般道理；在适当的语境下，触类旁通，由此及彼，由个体的“小我”联系到国家的“大我”、世界命运等。因此，一个好的结尾，能够有效地提升续写语篇的档次。
构建公式1　呼应点题式结尾
(1)总结语， 主角＋realized＋和主题呼应；
(2)主角＋learned＋和标题/主题呼应；
(3)It dawned on/occurred to/struck＋主角＋that．..＋和首段伏笔呼应；
(4)无生命名词＋动词＋主角＋和主题呼应；
(5)和主题呼应的名言/谚语。
典例
(2025·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)It struck me that life is too short for holding anger, and love means accepting each other in full.
我突然想到，生命太短暂，经不起积怨，而爱意味着接纳彼此的全部。
翻译练习
1.我恍然大悟，生活中充满了困境和矛盾，但我们应该像妈妈一样，微笑面对，永不放弃。(个人成长)
_______________________________________________________, but we should smile and never give up, just like my mom.
It dawned on me that life was full of dilemmas and conflicts
2.(2025·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)正如古语所言：“兄弟是上天赐予的朋友。” 站在哥哥和托比身旁，我明白这场和解是珍贵的礼物——它教会我，要珍视家庭纽带，而非被一时不便蒙蔽。(珍视亲情)
_____________________________________________________ Standing there with my brother and Toby, I knew this moment of making up was a precious gift—one that taught me to value family bonds over temporary inconveniences.
As the old saying goes, “A brother is a friend given by nature.”
3.回首往事，我明白了帮助在困难中的人的重要性，因为小小的善举会带来巨大的改变。(志愿助人)
Looking back, _____________________________________________, as small acts of kindness can make a big difference.
I learned the importance of helping those in need
构建公式2　升华感悟式结尾
(1)It turned out to be/It turned out that＋升华感悟；
(2)倒装＋定语从句(从句中含升华感悟)；
(3)强调句型：It was＋升华感悟＋that．..；
(4)含蓄虚拟条件句：But for this experience, sb. would never have realized＋升华感悟；
(5)主语从句：What impressed/struck me was that＋升华感悟；
(6)“Only ＋状语”置于句首引起的部分倒装：Only．..did/sb.realize that＋升华感悟。
典例
(2025·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)I realized that by sharing the significance of my name, not only had I brought a small piece of my culture into the classroom but I also had enhanced my cultural confidence and sense of identity, which could be respected and appreciated.
我意识到，通过分享我名字的意义，我不仅把自己文化中的一小部分带到了课堂上，而且增强了自身的文化自信和身份认同感，而这些本就值得被尊重与欣赏。
翻译练习
1.原来，追求梦想永远不晚。只要抓住每一个机会，充分利用每一个机会，你就一定能实现自己的梦想。
________________________________________________ As long as you seize every opportunity and take full advantage of it, you are sure to realize your dreams.
It turned out that it's never too late to pursue your dream.
2.直到那时，我才明白，无论遇到什么困难，都是勇敢在帮助我们战胜困难。
________________________________________________conquer whatever difficulty came in the way.
3.如果没有这次经历，我就不会意识到，真正的美来自做真实的自己，而不是变得完美！
________________________, I ________________________ the real beauty comes from being our true self, rather than being perfect！
Only then did I realize that it was bravery that helped us
But for this experience
wouldn't have realized that
构建公式3　自然而然式结尾
(1)角色＋动作，adj.作状语＋主旨大意；
(2)Thanks to＋主旨名词＋故事结局；
(3)With＋美好的自然环境/品质描写＋故事结局；
(4)Despite＋最大困难/恶劣环境＋故事结局；
(5)时间状语＋具体行为1(谓语)＋具体行为2(非谓语：故事结局)。
典例
(2025·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)As we chatted over the biscuits, laughter slowly filled the room, bridging the gap between us.
我们一边吃着饼干一边聊天，笑声渐渐充满了整个房间，弥合了我们之间的隔阂。
翻译练习
1.多亏了奶奶的教导和鼓励，埃尔塔在瑜伽比赛中取得了成功，从而加深了她对忍耐的理解。
____________________________________________, Eartha succeeded in the Yoga competition, hence _________________________________．
Thanks to Grandma's instruction and encouragement
deepening her understanding of patience
2.尽管有障碍，他仍然坚定地坚持自己的梦想，他知道有一天，他的梦想会像天空中的星星一样闪耀。
_____________________, he held onto his dream with unwavering faith, and he knew that one day, his dreams would shine like the stars in the sky.
Despite the obstacles