高考英语二轮复习专题三完形填空第二讲规避五大易错点课件
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| 名称 | 高考英语二轮复习专题三完形填空第二讲规避五大易错点课件 |
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| 格式 | ppt | ||
| 文件大小 | 503.5KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2026-03-10 00:00:00 | ||
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(共60张PPT)
第二讲 规避五大易错点
完形填空是考生得分率较低的题型，也是高考的拉分题目，所以这类题对于考生来说分分都要争，每分都要保，力争得满分。主要有以下几个原因会导致失分：①解题信息比较隐蔽；②干扰项迷惑性较强；③文中人物的情感态度较难把握；④惯性思维所致。针对这些情况，考生除了需要具备扎实的语言功底外，还应提升思维品质和推理能力。考生在做完形填空题时不要急于求成，而是要三思而后行，尽力规避以下易错点。
易错点一 因缺乏全篇关联思维抓不住文章主线而错选
完形填空的考查点依附于语篇，而语篇具有连贯性，绝不能局限于某一句或某一句群，这就要求考生要理解整篇文章，抓住全文的脉络、作者的思想、意图或主人公的心理，然后进行准确的推理和判断，从而做出正确的选择。对于此类题目，一定要坚持一个原则——不急于作答，根据上下文综合考虑再做判断。
[典例1] (2025·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)Evelyn Donohue is a 65-year-old grandma. She only started to 41.exercise seven years ago after having a 42.wake-up__ call. She'd been struggling with eating disorders and health issues, which 43.__ultimately led her to getting surgery. After that experience, she knew that she needed to make a 44.__change. Determined to turn her life around, Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a _______________ lifestyle, before discovering a _______________ for weightlifting.
D．healthy
C．passion
Since setting out on the journey, the 47.fitness lover has not only managed to 48.grow an impressive set of muscles—but also a huge following on social media.
45．A.risky B．traditional
C．comfortable D．healthy
46．A.demand B．secret
C．passion D．cure
[解析] 第45空：根据上文可知，多诺霍女士多年来的健康问题最终导致她做了手术，之后她意识到自己需要做出改变。因此呼应上文，此处指她开始健身，遵循健康的(healthy)生活方式。第46空：根据上下文可知，多诺霍女士先是开始健身，保持健康生活，而后锻炼出令人赞叹的肌肉线条，可见她对举重的热爱(passion)。如果考生缺乏全篇关联思维，抓不住文章主线，第45空很容易错选C(舒适的)，第46空很容易错选A(需求)。
[典例2] (2025·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)49.Encouraged,__I posted more. My daily posts and the 50. visits I received became a precious ray of light in the chaos of my house. Each exchange provided a chance to 51.spare the landfill and to please another person I might not otherwise have 52.encountered.
I sit in my apartment today, loving each of the 53.belongings that share our small space. I take _______________ in knowing that, somewhere nearby, someone is 55.appreciating something that couldn't come with us.
54． B．part
C．care D．time
A.joy
[解析] 设空处很容易给考生造成一种错觉，认为使用固定搭配take part in。但通读全文，take joy in意为“以……为乐”，呼应上文a precious ray of light的积极情感，体现作者对物品再利用的欣慰。
易错点二 因词汇理解障碍而错选
在完形填空的设题上，课标词汇中较为生僻的单词以及由课标词组成的较生僻的短语近几年也逐渐出现在选项中，而这些较难词汇大都是易被忽视的单词。它们的拼写和词义较为复杂且难记，在语篇中的考查数量相对较少。一旦涉及，考生往往见难生畏、望而却步。另外，完形填空中出现越来越多由课标词派生而来的词，此类词并非
生词，而是对课标词汇的延伸，需要考生掌握一定的构词法知识，学会通过构词法巧推词义。考查角度一般为派生词的常见词缀(un-、in-、im-、dis-、re-、-ly、-less、-ness、-ful等)的意义、词类转化(动词用作名词、名词用作动词或形容词)和合成词等构词法知识。考生在备考时要对照课标词汇表查漏补缺，多积累由课标词组成的生僻词汇，做到课标词汇无遗漏。
[典例3] (2025·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)“Hold on. Consider failure as a _______________ to success and never give up. Stick to your plan，”she said.“51.Help others. Lift others up on your journey. Success is sweeter when 52.shared.” She previously explained that “you do not need to have an amazing body to exercise．..the 53.goal is to feel good，not look good.”
50．A.green light B．road block
C.passing mark D．stepping stone
D．stepping stone
[解析] 根据下文“never give up. Stick to your plan”可推知，多诺霍应是建议不要让失败阻碍自己前进的步伐，而是让其发挥助力作用。再结合选项、利用构词法知识可猜测出stepping stone的含义：“stepping(踩踏)＋stone(石头)＝垫脚石”。其在此引申为“达成目标的过渡手段或阶段”。做题时，很多考生可能因为词汇理解障碍而错选失分。
[典例4] (2025·浙江卷1月)The platform has enabled Ribeiro to realise her dream with a great deal of freedom，as 50.opposed to a restaurant where the service is _______________， the menu is known in advance，and the meal is expected to be no 52.surprise.
51．A.invaluable B．impersonal
C.unsuitable D．unprofessional
B．impersonal
[解析] 根据上文“realise her dream with a great deal of freedom”并结合常识可知，里贝罗的家庭宴会有很大的自由发挥空间。相比之下，餐馆的菜品是提前确定好的，缺少个性化的惊喜。“impersonal” 是由否定前缀 “im-”(表示 “不、无”)加形容词 “personal”(个人的、有人情味的)构成，表示“不考虑个人需要的；缺乏人情味的”，恰好符合文中对餐馆服务与家庭宴会差异的对比。做题时，很多考生可能因为词汇理解障碍而错选失分。
易错点三 因不能正确区分形近词(组)或近义词(组)而错选
完形填空题选项中经常会出现一些形近词(组)或近义词(组)让考生辨析，因为形式相近或意义相近，无形中增加了难度，如果考生掌握得不好或没有着眼于语篇的意义就很容易选错。
[典例5] (2025·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)Evelyn Donohue is a 65-year-old grandma. She only started to 41.exercise seven years ago after having a 42.wake-up call. She'd been struggling with eating disorders and health issues，which ________________ led her to getting surgery. After that experience，she knew that she needed to make a 44.change．
43．A.normally B．ultimately
C.suddenly D．automatically
B．ultimately
[解析] 本题中，四个选项形式相似、词性相同，部分考生容易因混淆而失分。根据上文“struggling with eating disorders and health issues”可知，这是一个持续的过程；空后的“led her to getting surgery”是这一长期困扰的最终结果。此处需要一个能体现 “长期过程后的最终结果” 的副词，ultimately恰好契合这一逻辑，它不仅表示 “最后”，更暗示“经过一系列发展后必然导致的结局”。
[典例6] (2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)Each town has its own traditional 50.dish,__and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another. Families 51.gather for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can ________________. These meals are always 53.accompanied by laughter and joy.
52．A.put up with B．stand up for
C.come up with D．make up for
C.come up with
[解析] 本题中四个选项都是“动词＋副词＋介词”的词组，部分考生很容易因混淆而失分。本题可以利用逻辑分析法解题。根据上文可知，每个小镇都有自己传统的菜肴，家家户户都有祖传的食谱。家人们会在星期天、生日以及其他时刻聚在一起享用大餐。除了星期天、生日之外，人们还会想出(come up with)各种“借口”来聚餐。come up with想出，想起。
易错点四 因不明一词多义或熟词生义而错选
在最近几年的完形填空中，对于一词多义或熟词生义的考查屡见不鲜，这往往也是考生容易忽视的地方。很多考生由于不懂这些熟词的“生义”而出现思维堵塞，造成失分。或者考生可能熟悉这些词的多个词义，但在语篇的具体语境中常常混淆这些词义。所以，要确定该词的确切词义，就必须具体到语境，弄清楚该词在语境中的意义。
[典例7] (2025·浙江卷1月)She signed up on the website Bookalokal，and now welcomes 43.strangers into her Brussels flat twice a week for dinner parties.
Ribeiro ______________ 35 per person for what is usually a three course meal that can last up to three hours. For Ribeiro，it has become a perfect platform for 45.pursuing her hobby of buying food, 46.trying__out new recipes and holding dinner parties.
44．A.pays B．charges C.owes D．raises
B．charges
[解析] 根据上文“twice a week for dinner parties”和下文“a three course meal that can last up to three hours”及“buying food”等可知，里贝罗为参加晚宴的人购买食材、做饭，因此她应是向每个人收费。选项中的charge一词具有“给……充电；起诉，控告；收(费)；指责；(向……)要价；猛攻”等词义，属于“一词多义”。如果词义混淆的话，容易错选。
[典例8] (2024·全国甲卷)Born just before WWⅡ， my grandmother 43.experienced an entirely different childhood lifestyle from mine．..The only opportunity (机会) she could seize to 47.study was when her brother was having Chinese 48.lessons with the family tutor. She would sit quietly at the far end of the long dinner table, listening _______________. This training taught her to read and write her Chinese upside down—a skill that has turned out to be quite 50.practical,__especially whenever we share the newspaper.
49．A.closely B．directly C．nervously D．freely
A.closely
[解析] 根据上文语境可知，奶奶的哥哥在上中文课时，奶奶总是仔细(closely)听着。closely作为副词时熟义为“接近地，严密地”，本句中用的生义“仔细地”。
易错点五 因惯性思维而错选
在英语学习中，考生的母语、知识面、思维习惯等都有可能令考生产生一些思维定式。考生在学习单词、词组或习惯用语时，受到思维定式的影响，只记中文意思，而不深刻理解实际用法和英汉用法之间的细微差异。完形填空解题中因惯性思维而失分常有以下两种情况：
1．学习单词时受到思维定式的影响。学生往往过于简单化地记忆单词的中文意思，而忽略实际用法及英汉差异。例：fail to do sth.表示“没做成某事”，而表达“成功做某事”时则不能用succeed to do sth.，要用succeed in doing sth.。解题时要关注语境、含义、用法及词形转化。
2．学习词组或习惯用语时受到思维定式的影响。学生在学习词组时容易受到思维定式影响。例：在学习了wait for后，有些学生在遇到wait后面接介词时，就选择for。但在“He stopped his car to wait at the red light.”中用at而不用for。解题时要注意文章结构、上下文逻辑关系，进行整句理解和整段把握。
[典例9] (2024·全国甲卷)I guess our different childhood background is what makes my grandmother such an amazing person to 59.talk to：her stories always make my history textbooks _______________．
60．A.come true B．come round
C.come out D．come alive
D．come alive
[解析] 根据上文语境可知，作者和奶奶不同的童年背景使奶奶成为一个令人惊叹的聊天对象，奶奶的故事总是让作者的历史教科书栩栩如生(come alive)。但学生易受思维定式影响，可能看到history textbooks就下意识地选择come out(出版发行)这个固定搭配，从而误选。
[典例10] (2025·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)Evelyn Donohue is a 65-year-old grandma. She only started to 41.exercise seven years ago after having a 42. wake-up call. She'd been struggling with eating disorders and health issues, which 43.ultimately led her to getting surgery. After that experience, she knew that she needed to make a _______________．
44．A.change B．fortune
C.wish D．deal
A.change
[解析] 65岁的多诺霍七年前在身体敲响警钟之后才开始锻炼。空处应与上文的话题相匹配，可以预测：在饱受饮食失调和健康问题的困扰后，她意识到自己需要做出改变(change)。但学生受思维定式影响，可能看到make a就下意识地以为选择make a fortune这个固定搭配，从而误选。
课堂新体验
Test 1
体裁 主题语境 难度
记叙文 良好的人际关系 ★★★☆☆
(2025·南充一诊)When informed that I was to stay in the hospital for a few days for treatment, I never expected it would be such a wonderful experience.
A young doctor friend _______________ me after his long day, remembering that I had mentioned consistent stomach pains.When he learned I had taken painkillers without seeing a _______________， he insisted that my stomach pains be taken seriously.I was ______________ to the hospital by him immediately.He accompanied me in the emergency room, and said all the right things to get me through the process _______________．I only got him to _______________ me until midnight when my daughters came.I am forever _______________．Two hours later, I was told I was to be _______________．
A.checked up on
D．doctor
B．rushed
A.efficiently
D．leave
C．indebted
B．admitted
I enjoyed all the unaccustomed ________________．Dear friends came to visit, and all my kids came.Nurses and doctors were particularly attentive, though I would never dream of _______________ others.Messages of love and concern filled my phone.Between treatments, I ______________ with other patients, and got interviewed by a delightful student nurse, doing a paper.What fun! My story would be included in her ________________！
B．attention
C．bothering
A.socialized
C．studies
I realized how many people ________________. I am overwhelmed with gratitude for the outpouring of love, the messages and visits and continued support. This experience serves as a ________________， making me aware of the wonderful people whose love gives me _______________ and who fill my life with joy.And finally, stay well and please, do not ______________ a consistent stomachache!
A.cared
D．reminder
C．strength
D．ignore
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者因胃痛住院，在这期间，作者感受到了他人给予的关爱。这段经历让作者意识到生活中那些美好的人，他们的爱给了作者力量，让作者的生活充满快乐。
1．A.checked up on B．worked in with
C．closed in on D．looked up to
A 根据上文“A young doctor friend”和下文“remembering that I had mentioned consistent stomach pains”可知，作者的医生朋友记得作者提到过持续的胃痛，所以他来给作者做检查(check up on)。
2．A.relative B．nurse
C．patient D．doctor
D 根据下文“he insisted that my stomach pains be taken seriously”并结合语境可知，当他得知作者没有去看医生(doctor)就吃了止痛药时，他坚持认为作者应该认真对待。
3．A.called B．rushed
C．pushed D．moved
B 根据下文immediately和“He accompanied me in the emergency room”可知，作者被朋友迅速送往医院。rush 在此意为“快速运输，速送”。
4．A.efficiently B．suddenly
C．officially D．deliberately
A 根据上文“A young doctor friend”和“said all the right things”可知，作者的朋友是位年轻的医生，在急诊室中，他说了所有正确的事情，让作者高效地(efficiently)经历了整个过程。
5．A.send B．greet
C．admire D．leave
D 根据下文“until midnight when my daughters came”可知，直到午夜，作者的女儿来了，作者才说服医生朋友离开(leave)。
6．A.satisfied B．devoted
C．indebted D．amused
C 根据上文描述的医生朋友对作者的关心和帮助可知，作者心怀感激(indebted)。
7．A.compared B．admitted
C．deserted D．cheated
B 根据下文“Dear friends came to visit... were particularly attentive”可知,作者被告知要住院接受治疗。admit在此意为“接收……入院,收治”。
8．A.conclusion B．attention
C．excitement D．silence
B 根据下文“Dear friends came to visit ... were particularly attentive”可知，作者享受这种不寻常的关注(attention)。
9．A.understanding B．ordering
C．bothering D．cheering
C 根据上文though可知，此处指虽然作者从来没有想过要麻烦(bother)别人，但护士和医生照顾得特别周到。
10．A.socialized B．agreed
C．competed D．reasoned
A 根据语境可知，作者在治疗期间和其他病人交往(socialize)。
11．A.acts B．duties
C．studies D．tricks
C 根据上文“a delightful student nurse, doing a paper”可知，作者接受了一位实习护士的采访，她当时正在写一篇论文，所以作者的故事将被写入她的研究(study)中。
12．A.cared B．suffered
C．aged D．matured
A 根据上文“Dear friends came to visit...love and concern filled my phone.”和下文“I am...continued support.”可知，作者意识到很多人关心(care)自己。
13．A.task B．message
C．routine D．reminder
D 根据下文“making me aware of the wonderful people”可知，这次经历提醒(reminder)作者生活中有许多美好的人。
14．A.wealth B．value
C．strength D．respect
C 结合语境可知，此处表示那些美好的人用爱给予作者力量(strength)，让作者的生活充满快乐。
15．A.notice B．overcome
C．reserve D．ignore
D 根据上文“stay well”再结合作者的自身经历可知，作者建议大家保持身体健康，不要忽视(ignore)持续的胃痛。
Test 2
体裁 主题语境 难度
记叙文 学习京剧 ★★★☆☆
(2025·江西师大附中月考)The journey of learning Beijing Opera has been a meaningful one for me.
When I first stepped into the practice room, the sounds of instruments filled the air. The _______________ performers moved with grace and their voices were full of power. As a beginner, I found it hard to _______________ the movements and vocal techniques. It seemed impossible to _______________ .But with each practice period, I found the determination to keep ______________．Repeating the steps and vocal exercises over and over again, I practiced ______________．My teachers and classmates were very ____________．They encouraged me during moments of doubt and told me that ___________ was not given but earned.
D．experienced
A.keep up with
C．learn
B．going
D．tirelessly
A.supportive
B．success
As time went on, I began to see _______________ in my performance. My voice became more _______________ and my movements more graceful. I started to feel a connection with the ________________， understanding the feelings they had through their movements and expressions.
D．progress
B．expressive
A.characters
Finally, the day arrived for my first ________________. I stepped onto the stage and the music started. I put my heart into the performance. The cheers that filled the theater at the end of the show were _______________. The journey was ________________， but learning Beijing Opera taught me a valuable lesson：never ________________. I will carry with me the lesson learned from Beijing Opera that will ________________ me on the road to success, both in the world of Beijing Opera and life.
D．show
A.music to my ears
C．challenging
B．give up
C．guide
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者学习京剧的过程、收获的经验和感悟。
1．A.surprised B．traditional
C．important D．experienced
D 根据下文“moved with grace...full of power”可知，表演者动作优雅，声音充满力量。由此可推知，是经验丰富的(experienced)表演者。
2．A.keep up with B．get back to
C．stay away from D．look forward to
A 根据上文“As a beginner”和下文“the movements and vocal techniques”可知，作为一个初学者，作者发现很难跟上(keep up with)动作和声乐技巧。
3．A.know B．change
C．learn D．share
C 根据上文“learning Beijing Opera”和“I found it hard”可知，此处是说，这似乎是不可能学会(learn)的。
4．A.checking B．going
C．asking D．cheering
B 根据句中的But可知，此处与上文构成转折关系，此处是说，但每练习一段时间，作者都找到了坚持下去的决心。keep going意为“坚持做，继续干”。
5．A.safely B．helplessly
C．quietly D．tirelessly
D 根据上文“Repeating the steps and vocal exercises over and over again”可知，作者不知疲倦地(tirelessly)练习着。
6．A.supportive B．active
C．creative D．productive
A 根据下文“They encouraged me during moments of doubt”可知，老师和同学都很支持(supportive)作者。
7．A.kindness B．success
C．wealth D．chance
B 根据空后的but earned和最后一段中的“on the road to success”可推知，此处是说，成功(success)不是被给予的，而是努力得来的。
8．A.details B．value
C．methods D．progress
D 根据下文“My voice became... to feel a connection”可知，此处是说，作者开始看到了自己表演上的进步(progress)。
9．A.different B．expressive
C．similar D．encouraging
B 根据下文“understanding the feelings...expressions”可知，作者开始理解他们通过动作和表情所表达的感情。结合常识可推知，在京剧表演方面，作者的声音更具表现力(expressive)了。
10．A.characters B．teachers
C．actors D．members
A 根据下文“understanding the feelings...expressions”可知，作者开始感受到与角色(character)之间的联系。
11．A.class B．job
C．visit D．show
D 根据下文“I stepped...music started.”以及“at the end of the show”可知，作者第一次演出(show)的日子到了。
12．A.music to my ears B．bottom lines
C．time on my hands D．top secret
A 根据上文“The cheers that filled the theater”可知，剧院里充满了欢呼声，这对作者来说是好消息。music to one's ears意为“好消息，令人满意的信息”。
13．A.interesting B．boring
C．challenging D．meaningful
C 上文提到作者一开始跟不上动作和声乐技巧，并且不停地练习，空后but表示转折，所以此处是说这段旅程充满挑战(challenging)。
14．A.win out B．give up
C．wake up D．stand out
B 根据上文可知，作者一直坚持练习，并且第一次演出成功了，所以作者在学习京剧的过程中学到的是永不放弃(give up)。
15．A.protect B．trust
C．guide D．pick
C 根据下文“on the road to success”可推知，作者会记得在学习京剧的过程中得到的经验，这一经验会在通往成功的道路上指导(guide)作者。
第二讲 规避五大易错点
完形填空是考生得分率较低的题型，也是高考的拉分题目，所以这类题对于考生来说分分都要争，每分都要保，力争得满分。主要有以下几个原因会导致失分：①解题信息比较隐蔽；②干扰项迷惑性较强；③文中人物的情感态度较难把握；④惯性思维所致。针对这些情况，考生除了需要具备扎实的语言功底外，还应提升思维品质和推理能力。考生在做完形填空题时不要急于求成，而是要三思而后行，尽力规避以下易错点。
易错点一 因缺乏全篇关联思维抓不住文章主线而错选
完形填空的考查点依附于语篇，而语篇具有连贯性，绝不能局限于某一句或某一句群，这就要求考生要理解整篇文章，抓住全文的脉络、作者的思想、意图或主人公的心理，然后进行准确的推理和判断，从而做出正确的选择。对于此类题目，一定要坚持一个原则——不急于作答，根据上下文综合考虑再做判断。
[典例1] (2025·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)Evelyn Donohue is a 65-year-old grandma. She only started to 41.exercise seven years ago after having a 42.wake-up__ call. She'd been struggling with eating disorders and health issues, which 43.__ultimately led her to getting surgery. After that experience, she knew that she needed to make a 44.__change. Determined to turn her life around, Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a _______________ lifestyle, before discovering a _______________ for weightlifting.
D．healthy
C．passion
Since setting out on the journey, the 47.fitness lover has not only managed to 48.grow an impressive set of muscles—but also a huge following on social media.
45．A.risky B．traditional
C．comfortable D．healthy
46．A.demand B．secret
C．passion D．cure
[解析] 第45空：根据上文可知，多诺霍女士多年来的健康问题最终导致她做了手术，之后她意识到自己需要做出改变。因此呼应上文，此处指她开始健身，遵循健康的(healthy)生活方式。第46空：根据上下文可知，多诺霍女士先是开始健身，保持健康生活，而后锻炼出令人赞叹的肌肉线条，可见她对举重的热爱(passion)。如果考生缺乏全篇关联思维，抓不住文章主线，第45空很容易错选C(舒适的)，第46空很容易错选A(需求)。
[典例2] (2025·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)49.Encouraged,__I posted more. My daily posts and the 50. visits I received became a precious ray of light in the chaos of my house. Each exchange provided a chance to 51.spare the landfill and to please another person I might not otherwise have 52.encountered.
I sit in my apartment today, loving each of the 53.belongings that share our small space. I take _______________ in knowing that, somewhere nearby, someone is 55.appreciating something that couldn't come with us.
54． B．part
C．care D．time
A.joy
[解析] 设空处很容易给考生造成一种错觉，认为使用固定搭配take part in。但通读全文，take joy in意为“以……为乐”，呼应上文a precious ray of light的积极情感，体现作者对物品再利用的欣慰。
易错点二 因词汇理解障碍而错选
在完形填空的设题上，课标词汇中较为生僻的单词以及由课标词组成的较生僻的短语近几年也逐渐出现在选项中，而这些较难词汇大都是易被忽视的单词。它们的拼写和词义较为复杂且难记，在语篇中的考查数量相对较少。一旦涉及，考生往往见难生畏、望而却步。另外，完形填空中出现越来越多由课标词派生而来的词，此类词并非
生词，而是对课标词汇的延伸，需要考生掌握一定的构词法知识，学会通过构词法巧推词义。考查角度一般为派生词的常见词缀(un-、in-、im-、dis-、re-、-ly、-less、-ness、-ful等)的意义、词类转化(动词用作名词、名词用作动词或形容词)和合成词等构词法知识。考生在备考时要对照课标词汇表查漏补缺，多积累由课标词组成的生僻词汇，做到课标词汇无遗漏。
[典例3] (2025·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)“Hold on. Consider failure as a _______________ to success and never give up. Stick to your plan，”she said.“51.Help others. Lift others up on your journey. Success is sweeter when 52.shared.” She previously explained that “you do not need to have an amazing body to exercise．..the 53.goal is to feel good，not look good.”
50．A.green light B．road block
C.passing mark D．stepping stone
D．stepping stone
[解析] 根据下文“never give up. Stick to your plan”可推知，多诺霍应是建议不要让失败阻碍自己前进的步伐，而是让其发挥助力作用。再结合选项、利用构词法知识可猜测出stepping stone的含义：“stepping(踩踏)＋stone(石头)＝垫脚石”。其在此引申为“达成目标的过渡手段或阶段”。做题时，很多考生可能因为词汇理解障碍而错选失分。
[典例4] (2025·浙江卷1月)The platform has enabled Ribeiro to realise her dream with a great deal of freedom，as 50.opposed to a restaurant where the service is _______________， the menu is known in advance，and the meal is expected to be no 52.surprise.
51．A.invaluable B．impersonal
C.unsuitable D．unprofessional
B．impersonal
[解析] 根据上文“realise her dream with a great deal of freedom”并结合常识可知，里贝罗的家庭宴会有很大的自由发挥空间。相比之下，餐馆的菜品是提前确定好的，缺少个性化的惊喜。“impersonal” 是由否定前缀 “im-”(表示 “不、无”)加形容词 “personal”(个人的、有人情味的)构成，表示“不考虑个人需要的；缺乏人情味的”，恰好符合文中对餐馆服务与家庭宴会差异的对比。做题时，很多考生可能因为词汇理解障碍而错选失分。
易错点三 因不能正确区分形近词(组)或近义词(组)而错选
完形填空题选项中经常会出现一些形近词(组)或近义词(组)让考生辨析，因为形式相近或意义相近，无形中增加了难度，如果考生掌握得不好或没有着眼于语篇的意义就很容易选错。
[典例5] (2025·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)Evelyn Donohue is a 65-year-old grandma. She only started to 41.exercise seven years ago after having a 42.wake-up call. She'd been struggling with eating disorders and health issues，which ________________ led her to getting surgery. After that experience，she knew that she needed to make a 44.change．
43．A.normally B．ultimately
C.suddenly D．automatically
B．ultimately
[解析] 本题中，四个选项形式相似、词性相同，部分考生容易因混淆而失分。根据上文“struggling with eating disorders and health issues”可知，这是一个持续的过程；空后的“led her to getting surgery”是这一长期困扰的最终结果。此处需要一个能体现 “长期过程后的最终结果” 的副词，ultimately恰好契合这一逻辑，它不仅表示 “最后”，更暗示“经过一系列发展后必然导致的结局”。
[典例6] (2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)Each town has its own traditional 50.dish,__and every family keeps a recipe passed from one generation to another. Families 51.gather for big meals on Sundays, birthdays, and whatever other excuses they can ________________. These meals are always 53.accompanied by laughter and joy.
52．A.put up with B．stand up for
C.come up with D．make up for
C.come up with
[解析] 本题中四个选项都是“动词＋副词＋介词”的词组，部分考生很容易因混淆而失分。本题可以利用逻辑分析法解题。根据上文可知，每个小镇都有自己传统的菜肴，家家户户都有祖传的食谱。家人们会在星期天、生日以及其他时刻聚在一起享用大餐。除了星期天、生日之外，人们还会想出(come up with)各种“借口”来聚餐。come up with想出，想起。
易错点四 因不明一词多义或熟词生义而错选
在最近几年的完形填空中，对于一词多义或熟词生义的考查屡见不鲜，这往往也是考生容易忽视的地方。很多考生由于不懂这些熟词的“生义”而出现思维堵塞，造成失分。或者考生可能熟悉这些词的多个词义，但在语篇的具体语境中常常混淆这些词义。所以，要确定该词的确切词义，就必须具体到语境，弄清楚该词在语境中的意义。
[典例7] (2025·浙江卷1月)She signed up on the website Bookalokal，and now welcomes 43.strangers into her Brussels flat twice a week for dinner parties.
Ribeiro ______________ 35 per person for what is usually a three course meal that can last up to three hours. For Ribeiro，it has become a perfect platform for 45.pursuing her hobby of buying food, 46.trying__out new recipes and holding dinner parties.
44．A.pays B．charges C.owes D．raises
B．charges
[解析] 根据上文“twice a week for dinner parties”和下文“a three course meal that can last up to three hours”及“buying food”等可知，里贝罗为参加晚宴的人购买食材、做饭，因此她应是向每个人收费。选项中的charge一词具有“给……充电；起诉，控告；收(费)；指责；(向……)要价；猛攻”等词义，属于“一词多义”。如果词义混淆的话，容易错选。
[典例8] (2024·全国甲卷)Born just before WWⅡ， my grandmother 43.experienced an entirely different childhood lifestyle from mine．..The only opportunity (机会) she could seize to 47.study was when her brother was having Chinese 48.lessons with the family tutor. She would sit quietly at the far end of the long dinner table, listening _______________. This training taught her to read and write her Chinese upside down—a skill that has turned out to be quite 50.practical,__especially whenever we share the newspaper.
49．A.closely B．directly C．nervously D．freely
A.closely
[解析] 根据上文语境可知，奶奶的哥哥在上中文课时，奶奶总是仔细(closely)听着。closely作为副词时熟义为“接近地，严密地”，本句中用的生义“仔细地”。
易错点五 因惯性思维而错选
在英语学习中，考生的母语、知识面、思维习惯等都有可能令考生产生一些思维定式。考生在学习单词、词组或习惯用语时，受到思维定式的影响，只记中文意思，而不深刻理解实际用法和英汉用法之间的细微差异。完形填空解题中因惯性思维而失分常有以下两种情况：
1．学习单词时受到思维定式的影响。学生往往过于简单化地记忆单词的中文意思，而忽略实际用法及英汉差异。例：fail to do sth.表示“没做成某事”，而表达“成功做某事”时则不能用succeed to do sth.，要用succeed in doing sth.。解题时要关注语境、含义、用法及词形转化。
2．学习词组或习惯用语时受到思维定式的影响。学生在学习词组时容易受到思维定式影响。例：在学习了wait for后，有些学生在遇到wait后面接介词时，就选择for。但在“He stopped his car to wait at the red light.”中用at而不用for。解题时要注意文章结构、上下文逻辑关系，进行整句理解和整段把握。
[典例9] (2024·全国甲卷)I guess our different childhood background is what makes my grandmother such an amazing person to 59.talk to：her stories always make my history textbooks _______________．
60．A.come true B．come round
C.come out D．come alive
D．come alive
[解析] 根据上文语境可知，作者和奶奶不同的童年背景使奶奶成为一个令人惊叹的聊天对象，奶奶的故事总是让作者的历史教科书栩栩如生(come alive)。但学生易受思维定式影响，可能看到history textbooks就下意识地选择come out(出版发行)这个固定搭配，从而误选。
[典例10] (2025·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)Evelyn Donohue is a 65-year-old grandma. She only started to 41.exercise seven years ago after having a 42. wake-up call. She'd been struggling with eating disorders and health issues, which 43.ultimately led her to getting surgery. After that experience, she knew that she needed to make a _______________．
44．A.change B．fortune
C.wish D．deal
A.change
[解析] 65岁的多诺霍七年前在身体敲响警钟之后才开始锻炼。空处应与上文的话题相匹配，可以预测：在饱受饮食失调和健康问题的困扰后，她意识到自己需要做出改变(change)。但学生受思维定式影响，可能看到make a就下意识地以为选择make a fortune这个固定搭配，从而误选。
课堂新体验
Test 1
体裁 主题语境 难度
记叙文 良好的人际关系 ★★★☆☆
(2025·南充一诊)When informed that I was to stay in the hospital for a few days for treatment, I never expected it would be such a wonderful experience.
A young doctor friend _______________ me after his long day, remembering that I had mentioned consistent stomach pains.When he learned I had taken painkillers without seeing a _______________， he insisted that my stomach pains be taken seriously.I was ______________ to the hospital by him immediately.He accompanied me in the emergency room, and said all the right things to get me through the process _______________．I only got him to _______________ me until midnight when my daughters came.I am forever _______________．Two hours later, I was told I was to be _______________．
A.checked up on
D．doctor
B．rushed
A.efficiently
D．leave
C．indebted
B．admitted
I enjoyed all the unaccustomed ________________．Dear friends came to visit, and all my kids came.Nurses and doctors were particularly attentive, though I would never dream of _______________ others.Messages of love and concern filled my phone.Between treatments, I ______________ with other patients, and got interviewed by a delightful student nurse, doing a paper.What fun! My story would be included in her ________________！
B．attention
C．bothering
A.socialized
C．studies
I realized how many people ________________. I am overwhelmed with gratitude for the outpouring of love, the messages and visits and continued support. This experience serves as a ________________， making me aware of the wonderful people whose love gives me _______________ and who fill my life with joy.And finally, stay well and please, do not ______________ a consistent stomachache!
A.cared
D．reminder
C．strength
D．ignore
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者因胃痛住院，在这期间，作者感受到了他人给予的关爱。这段经历让作者意识到生活中那些美好的人，他们的爱给了作者力量，让作者的生活充满快乐。
1．A.checked up on B．worked in with
C．closed in on D．looked up to
A 根据上文“A young doctor friend”和下文“remembering that I had mentioned consistent stomach pains”可知，作者的医生朋友记得作者提到过持续的胃痛，所以他来给作者做检查(check up on)。
2．A.relative B．nurse
C．patient D．doctor
D 根据下文“he insisted that my stomach pains be taken seriously”并结合语境可知，当他得知作者没有去看医生(doctor)就吃了止痛药时，他坚持认为作者应该认真对待。
3．A.called B．rushed
C．pushed D．moved
B 根据下文immediately和“He accompanied me in the emergency room”可知，作者被朋友迅速送往医院。rush 在此意为“快速运输，速送”。
4．A.efficiently B．suddenly
C．officially D．deliberately
A 根据上文“A young doctor friend”和“said all the right things”可知，作者的朋友是位年轻的医生，在急诊室中，他说了所有正确的事情，让作者高效地(efficiently)经历了整个过程。
5．A.send B．greet
C．admire D．leave
D 根据下文“until midnight when my daughters came”可知，直到午夜，作者的女儿来了，作者才说服医生朋友离开(leave)。
6．A.satisfied B．devoted
C．indebted D．amused
C 根据上文描述的医生朋友对作者的关心和帮助可知，作者心怀感激(indebted)。
7．A.compared B．admitted
C．deserted D．cheated
B 根据下文“Dear friends came to visit... were particularly attentive”可知,作者被告知要住院接受治疗。admit在此意为“接收……入院,收治”。
8．A.conclusion B．attention
C．excitement D．silence
B 根据下文“Dear friends came to visit ... were particularly attentive”可知，作者享受这种不寻常的关注(attention)。
9．A.understanding B．ordering
C．bothering D．cheering
C 根据上文though可知，此处指虽然作者从来没有想过要麻烦(bother)别人，但护士和医生照顾得特别周到。
10．A.socialized B．agreed
C．competed D．reasoned
A 根据语境可知，作者在治疗期间和其他病人交往(socialize)。
11．A.acts B．duties
C．studies D．tricks
C 根据上文“a delightful student nurse, doing a paper”可知，作者接受了一位实习护士的采访，她当时正在写一篇论文，所以作者的故事将被写入她的研究(study)中。
12．A.cared B．suffered
C．aged D．matured
A 根据上文“Dear friends came to visit...love and concern filled my phone.”和下文“I am...continued support.”可知，作者意识到很多人关心(care)自己。
13．A.task B．message
C．routine D．reminder
D 根据下文“making me aware of the wonderful people”可知，这次经历提醒(reminder)作者生活中有许多美好的人。
14．A.wealth B．value
C．strength D．respect
C 结合语境可知，此处表示那些美好的人用爱给予作者力量(strength)，让作者的生活充满快乐。
15．A.notice B．overcome
C．reserve D．ignore
D 根据上文“stay well”再结合作者的自身经历可知，作者建议大家保持身体健康，不要忽视(ignore)持续的胃痛。
Test 2
体裁 主题语境 难度
记叙文 学习京剧 ★★★☆☆
(2025·江西师大附中月考)The journey of learning Beijing Opera has been a meaningful one for me.
When I first stepped into the practice room, the sounds of instruments filled the air. The _______________ performers moved with grace and their voices were full of power. As a beginner, I found it hard to _______________ the movements and vocal techniques. It seemed impossible to _______________ .But with each practice period, I found the determination to keep ______________．Repeating the steps and vocal exercises over and over again, I practiced ______________．My teachers and classmates were very ____________．They encouraged me during moments of doubt and told me that ___________ was not given but earned.
D．experienced
A.keep up with
C．learn
B．going
D．tirelessly
A.supportive
B．success
As time went on, I began to see _______________ in my performance. My voice became more _______________ and my movements more graceful. I started to feel a connection with the ________________， understanding the feelings they had through their movements and expressions.
D．progress
B．expressive
A.characters
Finally, the day arrived for my first ________________. I stepped onto the stage and the music started. I put my heart into the performance. The cheers that filled the theater at the end of the show were _______________. The journey was ________________， but learning Beijing Opera taught me a valuable lesson：never ________________. I will carry with me the lesson learned from Beijing Opera that will ________________ me on the road to success, both in the world of Beijing Opera and life.
D．show
A.music to my ears
C．challenging
B．give up
C．guide
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者学习京剧的过程、收获的经验和感悟。
1．A.surprised B．traditional
C．important D．experienced
D 根据下文“moved with grace...full of power”可知，表演者动作优雅，声音充满力量。由此可推知，是经验丰富的(experienced)表演者。
2．A.keep up with B．get back to
C．stay away from D．look forward to
A 根据上文“As a beginner”和下文“the movements and vocal techniques”可知，作为一个初学者，作者发现很难跟上(keep up with)动作和声乐技巧。
3．A.know B．change
C．learn D．share
C 根据上文“learning Beijing Opera”和“I found it hard”可知，此处是说，这似乎是不可能学会(learn)的。
4．A.checking B．going
C．asking D．cheering
B 根据句中的But可知，此处与上文构成转折关系，此处是说，但每练习一段时间，作者都找到了坚持下去的决心。keep going意为“坚持做，继续干”。
5．A.safely B．helplessly
C．quietly D．tirelessly
D 根据上文“Repeating the steps and vocal exercises over and over again”可知，作者不知疲倦地(tirelessly)练习着。
6．A.supportive B．active
C．creative D．productive
A 根据下文“They encouraged me during moments of doubt”可知，老师和同学都很支持(supportive)作者。
7．A.kindness B．success
C．wealth D．chance
B 根据空后的but earned和最后一段中的“on the road to success”可推知，此处是说，成功(success)不是被给予的，而是努力得来的。
8．A.details B．value
C．methods D．progress
D 根据下文“My voice became... to feel a connection”可知，此处是说，作者开始看到了自己表演上的进步(progress)。
9．A.different B．expressive
C．similar D．encouraging
B 根据下文“understanding the feelings...expressions”可知，作者开始理解他们通过动作和表情所表达的感情。结合常识可推知，在京剧表演方面，作者的声音更具表现力(expressive)了。
10．A.characters B．teachers
C．actors D．members
A 根据下文“understanding the feelings...expressions”可知，作者开始感受到与角色(character)之间的联系。
11．A.class B．job
C．visit D．show
D 根据下文“I stepped...music started.”以及“at the end of the show”可知，作者第一次演出(show)的日子到了。
12．A.music to my ears B．bottom lines
C．time on my hands D．top secret
A 根据上文“The cheers that filled the theater”可知，剧院里充满了欢呼声，这对作者来说是好消息。music to one's ears意为“好消息，令人满意的信息”。
13．A.interesting B．boring
C．challenging D．meaningful
C 上文提到作者一开始跟不上动作和声乐技巧，并且不停地练习，空后but表示转折，所以此处是说这段旅程充满挑战(challenging)。
14．A.win out B．give up
C．wake up D．stand out
B 根据上文可知，作者一直坚持练习，并且第一次演出成功了，所以作者在学习京剧的过程中学到的是永不放弃(give up)。
15．A.protect B．trust
C．guide D．pick
C 根据下文“on the road to success”可推知，作者会记得在学习京剧的过程中得到的经验，这一经验会在通往成功的道路上指导(guide)作者。