高考英语二轮复习专题四语法填空第一讲动词语法项目(二)非谓语动词课件

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语法项目(二)　非谓语动词
考法1　非谓语动词作宾语
[试做经典]
1．(2025·浙江卷1月)“I really want to make this work for people's lives today，and I know that doesn't always mean ____________(return) a dress on the Monday after a special weekend，” she says.
考查非谓语动词。mean doing sth.为固定用法，意为“意味着做某事”，应用动词-ing形式作宾语。
returning　
2．(2024·全国甲卷)Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend ____________(catch) our attention because of their large size and variety.
考查非谓语动词。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语tend，此处应填非谓语。tend to do sth.意为“往往会做某事”，为固定用法。
to catch　
3．(2023·全国乙卷)As a photographer, I have spent the last two years ____________(record) everything I discovered.
考查非谓语动词。spend some time (in) doing sth.为固定搭配。
recording　
4．(2025·张家口一模)After graduating from college, Liu chose ____________(return) to work in his hometown of Yajiang county, where he became director of the tourism bureau in 2002.
考查非谓语动词。动词choose后用不定式作宾语。
to return　
5．(2025·邵阳二模)The ground floor tends ____________(use) as storage space for firewood and farming equipment.
考查非谓语动词。tend to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“倾向于做某事、往往会做某事”，又因use与主语之间为被动关系，故应用不定式的被动式。
to be used　
6．(2025·淮北一模)Zhang Jun, who is secretary-general of the event organizing committee, said the festival is committed to ____________(strengthen) international film cultural exchanges and cooperation, promoting the development of the film industry, and fostering the prosperity of film creation.
考查非谓语动词。be committed to doing sth.是固定短语，意为“致力于做某事”，故此处用动名词作宾语。
strengthening　
7．Little Alice looked forward to ____________(stay) with her grandparents in the countryside.
考查非谓语动词。look forward to doing sth.为固定用法，意为“期待做某事”，空处应用动词-ing形式。
staying　
8．The animal's neck has 32 separate vertebrae (椎骨)—longer than the creature's body and tail combined—and probably played a key role in ____________(feed) in the ocean, according to the researchers.
考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语动词。空前的in为介词，应用动词 -ing形式作宾语。
feeding　
9．(2025·娄底四模)Since then, Sa has devoted herself to mastering the folk art from learning from Ma the techniques and skills used in performances, attending performances given by other well-known singers, practicing singing Hua'er whenever possible, to __________(study) its origin and history.
考查非谓语动词。空格前面的to是介词，与其前的第一个from构成“from...to...”结构，故此处用动名词作宾语。
studying　
10．(2025·镇江4月学情调研)Even though in the past 2，000 years many changes have occurred, libraries have kept their main purpose to be certain about ____________(give) the truth.
考查非谓语动词。介词about后应用动词-ing 形式。
giving　
11．He was once thought to be a boy who was not worth ____________(educate).
考查非谓语动词。be worth doing sth.为固定用法，意为“值得做某事”。
educating　
12．I remember ____________(put) my book on the table this morning. But I can't find it anywhere.
考查非谓语动词。根据“But I can't find it anywhere. ”可知，此处表示“记得把书放在了桌子上”。remember doing sth.意为“记得做过某事”，为固定用法。
putting　
[技法点拨]
1．提示词是动词
(1)若句中已有谓语，且设空处不是作并列谓语而是作介词或动词(短语)的宾语时，应用非谓语动词；
(2)利用逻辑主语和所给提示词的关系确定形式：主谓关系用doing/to do，动宾关系用being done/to be done。
2．牢记非谓语动词作宾语的固定结构
(1)介词(如by、for、of、with、without、after等)之后加动词 ing 形式作宾语，注意“to”的身份识别；
(2)常见的只能跟不定式作宾语的动词：hope、wish、expect、agree、promise、demand、ask、refuse、manage、learn、decide/determine、pretend、choose/select、plan、offer、apply、fail、afford、prepare、desire、happen等；
(3)常见的只能跟动名词作宾语的动词(短语)：enjoy、consider、escape、avoid、risk、appreciate、admit、mind、imagine、delay、allow、permit、finish、suggest、practise、 excuse、miss、go on、give up、put off、be devoted to、 insist on、 keep on、 succeed in、 be worth等；
(4)be busy doing sth.、have difficulty/trouble/a hard time (in) doing sth.、spend some time/money/energy (in) doing sth.。　
考法2　非谓语动词作状语和补语
[试做经典]
1．(2025·北京卷)When ____________(travel), we engage with cultures and experiences.
考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语动词；句子主语we与动词travel之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，构成“when＋现在分词”的状语从句省略结构。
traveling　
2．(2025·浙江卷1月)Tanya's shop offers fashion clothes for women ____________ (rent) rather than purchase them outright, providing a less expensive solution to one time event dressing.
考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构并结合语境可知，空处应用动词不定式作目的状语。
to rent　
3．(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝).These sepals open on warm days ____________(give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air.
考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式to give。
to give　
4．(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)____________(recall) watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare's play Richard Ⅲ in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language and see how Tang's play was being performed.”
考查非谓语动词。此句已有谓语动词said，recall与逻辑主语Edmondson之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词形式作状语。
Recalling　
5．(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)Those cultural elements have increased Stratford's international visibility, said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed ____________(find) the connection between the two great writers.
考查非谓语动词。be amazed to do sth.意为“对做某事感到惊讶”，是固定搭配， 其中动词不定式作原因状语。
to find　
6．(2024·浙江卷1月)The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi buy that. However, if you're shopping for one, buying extra ____________(benefit) from price reductions doesn't make sense.
考查非谓语动词。根据buying extra和from price reductions可知，此处是指多买一些为了从降价中获益，应用动词不定式作目的状语。
to benefit　
7．(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)No matter where I buy them, though, one steamer basket is rarely enough, yet two seems greedy, and so I am always left ____________(want) more next time.
考查非谓语动词。leave sb.doing sth.意为“让某人一直做某事”。
wanting　
8．(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Nanxiang aside, the best xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ____________(lift) out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of their contents.
考查非谓语动词。空前的them指代上文的xiao long bao，此处表示“小笼包被从蒸笼里拿出来”。them与lift之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，此处构成allow sth.to be done结构。
to be lifted　
9．(2025·浙江八校联考)“The game has combined both Chinese and international elements, thereby easily ____________(attract) wide global attention，”said Li Yang, an associate professor of marketing at the Cheung Kong Graduate School of Business.
考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语has combined，空处作非谓语。attract与主语The game之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词作结果状语。
attracting　
10．(2025·江苏海安高级中学月考)Niangao, literally translated as “year cake”， is thought __________________(originate) in ancient China.
考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，sb./sth. be thought to do为固定搭配，表示“某人/某物被认为做……”，应用动词不定式在句中作主语补足语，且年糕的“起源”发生在“被认为”之前，应用动词不定式的完成式。
to have originated　
11．(外研选必一 U5)With us long __________(believe) that talking plants are fantasy, new research has revealed something amazing: it appears that plants can communicate after all.
考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作宾语us的补语，两者之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式。
believing　
12．(北师大选必二 U6)Some books are just too difficult ________________(adapt) for technical reasons, although films like Life of Pi are changing this idea.
考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为“too...to...”结构，意为“太……而不能……”，空处作结果状语，与其逻辑主语books 之间为被动关系，应用动词不定式的被动形式。
to be adapted　
[技法点拨]
2个技巧确定非谓语动词作状语
1．逻辑关系分析法
(1)若主语与所给提示词是逻辑上的主谓关系：表示目的，应用to do；表示出乎意料的结果，应用only to do；表示时间/条件/原因/让步/伴随/自然而然的结果，应用doing。
(2)若主语与所给提示词是逻辑上的动宾关系：表示动作还未发生，应用to be done；表示动作已经发生，应用done。
2．固定句型用法
(1)主语＋be＋形容词(easy、hard、interesting、pleasant、safe等)＋to do, 句子主语与不定式之间是逻辑上的被动关系；
(2)too＋adj./adv.＋to do、adj./adv.＋enough＋to do、so ＋adj./adv.＋as to do、such＋名词＋as to do等结构中，不定式作结果状语；
(3)主语＋动词＋表示情绪的形容词(excited、happy、anxious、satisfied、delighted、angry等)＋to do，不定式作原因状语。
2个技巧确定非谓语动词作补语
1．逻辑关系分析法
(1)主语或宾语与所给提示词是逻辑上的主谓关系：doing/(to) do。
(2)主语或宾语与提示词是逻辑上的动宾关系：被动完成 done；被动将来to be done；被动进行being done。
2．固定搭配和句型法
(1)to do作宾语补足语：allow、ask、beg、command、encourage、expect、forbid、invite、persuade、tell等＋sb. to do sth.。　
(2)用省略to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词(短语)：“五”看；“三”使；“两”听；“一”感觉。“look at/see/watch/notice/observe，make/let/have, hear/listen to, feel”＋sb.＋do sth.。
注意：在被动语态中作主语补足语要还原to，如be made to do。
(3)have sb./sth. doing意为“让某人/某物一直做、允许/容许某人/某物做某事”；
have sth. done意为“使某事被做、遭遇某事”；
have sth. to do意为“有某事要做”；
have sb. do sth.意为“让某人做某事”。
(4)with复合结构：
①“with＋宾语＋to do”，表示动作还未发生；
②“with＋宾语＋doing”，表示主动、动作正在进行；
③“with＋宾语＋done”，表示被动、动作已经完成。
考法3　非谓语动词作定语
[试做经典]
1. (2025·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing, denying me the chance ____________ (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine—the sweet“sunshine scent”after sunning clothes for an entire day.
考查非谓语动词。本句已有谓语used，空处应用非谓语动词，chance后接动词不定式作后置定语，the chance to do sth.意为“去做某事的机会”。
to discover　
2．(2025·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)If you've never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt ____________(leave) to sun for a day, well, you're missing out on one of life's wonders.
考查非谓语动词。从句中已有谓语，空处为非谓语。逻辑主语a sheet or shirt与leave之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式作后置定语。left to sun意为“被放在阳光下晒”。
left　
3．(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)The latest ____________(engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective functional structure that is also beautiful.
考查非谓语动词。空处修饰空后的名词techniques，在句中作定语，说明名词的作用，应用动名词engineering。
engineering　
4．(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare's Birthplace Garden in 2017.Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, ____________(inspire) by The Peony Pavilion, was built at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes' walk from Shakespeare's birthplace.
考查非谓语动词。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，空处应用非谓语动词；inspire与逻辑主语a six-meter-tall pavilion之间为动宾关系，应用过去分词形式作后置定语。
inspired　
5．(2024·浙江卷1月)If your supermarket sells loose produce, then buying smaller quantities is easier. Over the last two years, some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs ____________(design) with two halves containing separate portions (份).
考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，动词design和逻辑主语packs之间为被动关系，且动作已完成，应用过去分词形式作后置定语。
designed　
6．(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Shanghai may be the ____________(recognize) home of the soup dumplings, but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring ancient canal town of Nanxiang as xiao long bao's birthplace.
考查非谓语动词。此处表示“得到认可的小笼包的发源地”。空处在句中作定语，修饰名词home，且与home之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词形式。
recognized　
7. (2025·湖北四市联考)It is a good natural weaving material used by the local people, through their hardworking hands and wisdom, ____________(make) a wide range of beautiful rattan products.
考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处应用动词不定式作定语，修饰前面的名词material，说明这种材料的用途。
to make　
8．(2025·潍坊第二次联考)The combs, ____________(decorate) with hand-inlaid shells, shone under the lights, showing a level of craftsmanship that is both practical and beautiful.
考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句的主干为The combs shone under the lights，空处和句子主干之间无连词，应用非谓语动词。主语The combs和decorate之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，空处应用过去分词作后置定语。
decorated　
9．(2025·绍兴一模)The release of the new flavor is a part of the company's effort __________(attract) new Gen Z consumers.
考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语动词作定语，修饰effort，应用动词不定式。
to attract　
10．(2025·深圳一模)Meanwhile, he is also amazed by the modern city ____________(combine) high-end businesses and various industries.
考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语动词作定语，修饰前面的名词city，因为名词city和动词combine之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式作定语。
combining　
11．(2025·南通二模)It is the first film not made by a Hollywood studio ____________(cross) that mark.
考查非谓语动词。名词film前有序数词修饰，空处应用动词不定式作后置定语。
to cross　
12．(2025·菏泽一模)It is widely acknowledged that China's great development is one of the reasons for the ____________(grow) popularity of Chinese books.
考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰popularity，应用形容词化的现在分词作定语，growing意为“增长的”，符合题意。
growing　
[技法点拨]
1．逻辑关系解题法——doing/being done/to do/to be done/done
(1)表示被修饰词的用途，用doing，如sleeping train。
(2)表示心理状态的动词 ing形式的形容词，意为“令人……的”。
(3)动词-ed形式的形容词，意为“(人)感到……的”，也可修饰体现内心感受的look、expression、tears、smile、voice等名词。
(4)被修饰词与所给提示词是逻辑上的主谓关系：
①表示将来用to do；
②表示现在用doing。
(5)被修饰词与所给提示词是逻辑上的动宾关系：
①表示完成用done;
②表示将来用to be done;
③表示正在进行用being done。
2．提示词解题法——to do
(1)名词被the first/second等序数词、the last/only/next/right/形容词最高级修饰，且与提示词是逻辑上的主谓关系；
(2)被修饰的名词的同源动词用不定式作宾语：plan、promise、wish、intention、hope、failure、attempt等；
(3)被修饰的名词的同源形容词用不定式作状语：ability、anxiety、eagerness、determination、patience、willingness等；
(4)被修饰的名词是chance、opportunity、power、strength、struggle、right、idea、measure、effort等。
考法4　非谓语动词作主语和表语
[试做经典]
1．(2022·浙江卷1月)____________(travel) to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like—frequently by plane—is viewed as important for scientists to get together and exchange information.
考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，谓语动词为is viewed，空处应用动词- ing形式作主语，单词位于句首，首字母应大写。
Travelling　
2．(2022·新高考全国卷Ⅰ改编)The GPNP's main goal is ____________(improve) connectivity between separate populations and homes of giant pandas, and eventually achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
考查非谓语动词。表示“目标”的词汇，如aim、goal、target等作主语时，通常用动词不定式作表语。
to improve　
3．On our way to the house, it was raining so hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take ____________(get) there.
考查固定句型。It takes (＋sb.) ＋some time＋to do sth.为固定句型。
to get　
4．It is, therefore, urgent ____________(update) our curricula by introducing the recent developments in the relevant fields.
考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中it为形式主语，真正的主语应由动词不定式充当。
to update　
5．It's no use ____________(try) to persuade him to have a holiday because he is facing a challenge.
考查固定句型。“It's no use doing...”意为“做……是无用的”。
trying　
6．(2025·济南二模)Despite being very busy at times, Chung is ____________(excite) to earn money on his own, and it has also boosted his self-confidence.
考查非谓语动词。空处作表语，应用形容词化的过去分词形式，表示人的感受。
excited　
7．(2025·福建4月联考)The process can be very __________(bore). Only when practising basic movements again and again can one finally reach the standard.
考查非谓语动词。be动词后需用形容词化的现在分词作表语，修饰process，表示“令人……的”，应用boring。
boring　
8．(2025·福州一中模拟)Evolving from the discovery that ____________(use) stone needles to prick (扎) specific points on the surface of the body could relieve pain and symptoms, for thousands of years acupuncture has become an essential part of traditional Chinese medicine, in line with the philosophy that promotes the harmonious coexistence of humans with nature.
考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，that引导的同位语从句中已有谓语动词could relieve，因此，空处为非谓语动词；此处为固定短语“use...to do sth. ”，意为“使用……来做某事”，空处应用动词-ing形式作主语。
using　
9．(2025·济南针对性训练)The performances mainly center around social events and public criticism, whose primary objective is ____________(educate) people via entertainment.
考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，whose引导的定语从句中已有谓语动词is，因此，空处为非谓语动词；此处说明主语的内容，表示目的，应用动词不定式作表语。
to educate　
[技法点拨]
1．非谓语动词作主语
(1)句中缺少主语，找到句子的谓语部分，确定应用doing/to do作主语。
(2)表示抽象的、习惯性的或经常性的动作用doing，表示具体某一次的动作用to do。
(3)掌握用doing/to do作主语的句型：
①It's＋adj.(hard/difficult/easy/possible/kind等)(＋for/of sb.) ＋to do sth.；
②It's no use/no good/fun/a pleasure/no pleasure/a waste of time doing sth.；
③It takes (＋sb.)＋some time/money＋to do sth.；
④It's worthwhile doing/to do sth.。
2．非谓语动词作表语
当空前是系动词(be、get、feel、seem等)时，根据句子结构确定用不定式或分词作表语。
(1)现在分词作表语修饰物，意为“令人感到……的”；
(2)过去分词作表语修饰人，意为“(人)感到……的”；
(3)不定式作表语，表示将来或目的。
课堂新体验
Test 1
(2025·福州第一次质检)The term “Xuan paper” first appeared in On Famous Paintings Through the Ages, a book written by Tang Dynasty scholar Zhang Yanyuan, 1.____________ he described Xuan paper as an ideal carrier for calligraphy and painting. Handmade Xuan paper from Jingxian county, East China's Anhui Province, 2.____________(list) as a gift to the imperial court then for its supreme quality.
where　
was listed
During the Qing Dynasty Xuan paper reached its peak of 3.____________(popular) and quality. The traditional craft (工艺) of making Xuan paper is extremely 4.____________(demand).The bark of sandalwood, a plant native to southern China, 5.____________(go) through 108 procedures over the course of three years before it can transform into fine Xuan paper.
popularity　
demanding　
goes　
The flow of ink determines the output of Chinese art, and Xuan paper outshines others with its excellent ability 6.____________ (give) full play to ink. Different proportions (比例) of bark to straw during the paper making process can create different canvases (画布) best suited 7.____________ artistic expression in freehand ink paintings or calligraphy. The unique quality of Xuan paper is 8.____________(high) valued in the world of Chinese calligraphy and painting.
to give　
for/to
highly　
Xuan paper is very resistant to the damage brought by time. It is this durability 9.____________ has made the preservation of many valuable works from ancient China possible. The long history, unique craftsmanship, and high quality of Xuan paper have made it a 10.____________(treasure) cultural heritage of China.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了宣纸因其独特的制作工艺和卓越的品质发展成书画的理想载体，并因其耐久性特点成为中国珍贵的文化遗产。
that
treasured　
1．where　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是On Famous Paintings Through the Ages，空处在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where。
2．was listed　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语。根据a gift to the imperial court then可知，此处描述的是发生在过去的事，应用一般过去时；主语和动词 list之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；主语Handmade Xuan paper为单数概念，be动词应用was。
3．popularity　考查名词。根据空前的of 和空后的and quality可知，空处应用名词与quality并列作宾语。
4．demanding　考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空处作表语，应用形容词。
5．goes　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语。此处描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语The bark为单数概念，谓语动词应用单数形式。
6．to give　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语。one's ability to do sth.意为“某人做某事的能力”，为固定用法。
7．for/to　考查介词。be suited for/to sth.意为“适合做某事，具备做某事的特质”，是固定用法。
8．highly　考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰动词，应用副词。
9．that　考查强调句型。此处为强调句型，句中的this durability是被强调部分，指物，空处应用that。
10．treasured　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语。cultural heritage of China与动词treasure之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词作前置定语。
Test 2
(2025·石家庄质检)Nanjing, situated in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, was the capital of China for Six Dynasties. An Australian Nanjinger Townley loves the rivers in the city. He 1.____________(ride) a bike along the bank of a river to the Nanjing Fishmouth Wetland Park in Jianye District every Saturday and Sunday mornings, about a 15-km round trip. 2.____________(walk) around the city or visiting museums is also an enjoyable part of his life.
rides　
Walking　
According to Townley, Nanjing is in an ideal 3.____________(locate) in one corner of the Yangtze River Delta region, close to Shanghai.
Now, Townley works with and 4.____________(support) by the Jiangsu Industrial Technology Research Institute. He serves 5.____________ a visiting professor at the School of Environmental Science and Engineering at Nanjing Tech University. After being a consultant and in the industry for 6.____________(year), he loves being
location　
is supported
as
years　
connected to a university again 7.____________(share) his knowledge and experience with younger people and to initiate research based on the problems he has encountered in the real world so far. “I know my education and life are different from the 8.______________(type) Chinese students. Despite the differences, 9.____________ I want to do with my Chinese students is encourage them to think, to be curious 10.______________ to always search for new things.”
to share　
typical　
what　
and　
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了外国人汤利在南京的生活和工作经历。
1．rides　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语；根据时间状语every Saturday and Sunday mornings可知，此处表示经常性的动作，应用一般现在时；主语是He，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。
2．Walking　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处动词与visiting并列，作主语，应用动名词形式；且单词位于句首，首字母应大写。
3．location　考查名词。不定冠词an修饰单数可数名词，空处应用名词形式。
4．is supported　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。空处与连词and前的works为并列谓语，应用一般现在时；Townley与support之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；主语Townley为第三人称单数， be动词应用is。
5．as　考查介词。serve as为固定搭配，意为“担任”。
6．years　考查名词复数。for years为固定搭配，意为“数年来，多年来”。
7．to share　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，loves作谓语，空处应用动词不定式作状语。
8．typical　考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰名词students，作定语，应用形容词形式。
9．what　考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，且从句缺少宾语，指物，应用连接代词what。
10．and　考查连词。句中的to think、 to be curious和to always search for new things之间是并列关系，应用连词and连接。