高考英语二轮复习专题四语法填空第一讲动词语法项目(一)谓语动词课件

(共70张PPT)
专题四　语法填空
[研高考·辨考向]
项目
卷别　　 考试
年份 考查
体裁 主题
语境 文章
话题 命题考点
有提示词 无提示词
谓语
动词 非谓语动词 名
词 形容词、
副词 代
词 数
词 冠
词 介
词 并列
连词 从
句
新高考
全国卷Ⅰ 2025 说明文 人与社会 围棋主题
艺术展 2 1 1 2 0 0 1 1 1 1
2024 说明文 人与社会 英国
“丝路花园” 1 2 2 2 0 0 1 1 0 1
项目
卷别　　 考试
年份 考查
体裁 主题
语境 文章
话题 命题考点
有提示词 无提示词
谓语
动词 非谓语动词 名
词 形容词、
副词 代
词 数
词 冠
词 介
词 并列
连词 从
句
新高考
全国卷Ⅰ 2023 说明文 人与社会 中国美食
小笼包 0 4 0 2 1 0 1 1 1 0
项目
卷别　　 考试
年份 考查
体裁 主题
语境 文章
话题 命题考点
有提示词 无提示词
谓语
动词 非谓语动词 名
词 形容词、
副词 代
词 数
词 冠
词 介
词 并列
连词 从
句
新高考
全国卷Ⅱ 2025 记叙文 人与自我 中国浙江乡村生活经历和感受 1 2 2 1 1 0 0 1 1 1
2024 说明文 人与社会 莎士比亚和汤显祖的作品的相似之处 2 3 2 0 0 0 0 1 1 1
项目
卷别　　 考试
年份 考查
体裁 主题
语境 文章
话题 命题考点
有提示词 无提示词
谓语
动词 非谓语动词 名
词 形容词、
副词 代
词 数
词 冠
词 介
词 并列
连词 从
句
新高考
全国卷Ⅱ 2023 记叙文 人与自我 教熊猫饲
养员英语 1 1 2 2 0 0 1 1 1 1
[抓规律·找依据]
第一讲　动　词
动词是历年高考的必考点，而且考查数量占比最大。对动词有关知识的掌握是考生在语法填空中取得高分的关键。动词的形式变化比较多样，有谓语形式的变化(如时态、语态、虚拟语气及主谓一致)，非谓语形式的变化(如动词不定式、动词-ing形式和过去分词形式)及动词词形的变化。
如何判定作谓语还是非谓语
[典例呈现]
[典例1] (2025·北京卷)However, according to a report by the World Wildlife Fund, tourists ____________ (leave) over 1.3 billion tons of food waste last year, which accounted for about 8% of the total global gas release in 2024.
left
[解析]　第一步：确定是否作谓语。分析句子结构可知，句中缺少谓语动词，空处在句中作谓语。
第二步：考虑时态。根据时间状语last year可知，此处时态应为一般过去时；主语tourists与动词leave之间为主动关系，故谓语动词应用主动形式。
[典例2] (2025·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)We hope ____________(present) the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context，and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.
[解析]　第一步：确定是否作谓语。分析句子结构可知，动词hope为谓语，其后的成分为宾语，故此处应用非谓语动词。
第二步：确定填何种非谓语形式。hope to do sth.为固定用法，意为“希望做某事”。
to present
[技法点拨]
第一步：确定是作谓语还是非谓语
1．分析句子结构，若句中无谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但空处所需词与之是并列关系时，空处就用谓语动词；
2．分析句子结构，若句中已有谓语动词，且不是作并列谓语动词时，则要考虑用非谓语动词。
第二步：若填谓语动词，就要考虑时态、语态和主谓一致
1．看“时间”定时态(注意语境中暗含的时间状语)；
2．看“主语”定语态(看主语是否为动作的发出者)；
3．看人称和数，确保主谓一致。
第三步：若填非谓语动词，就要确定填何种非谓语形式
1．提示词与逻辑主语是主谓关系时，常用动词 ing形式；　
2．提示词与逻辑主语是动宾关系时，常用过去分词形式；　
3．提示词在句中作目的状语或表示意料之外的结果时，常用动词不定式形式。
语法项目(一)　谓语动词
考法1　谓语动词的时态
[试做经典]
1．(2025·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)A decent winner always ____________(try) to beat the opponent by no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side.
考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语always可知，时态应为一般现在时；主语A decent winner与动词try之间为主动关系，主语为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。
tries
2．(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse ____________(walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for the first time.
考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语；本句描述了the Silk Route Garden的客观情况，时态用一般现在时；walk在此作动词，意为“(循序渐进地)教、逐步引导”，与主语the Silk Route Garden之间为主动关系；且主语为单数，应用第三人称单数形式walks。
walks　
3．(2024·浙江卷1月)Over the last two years, some supermarkets ____________(start) selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份).
考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语Over the last two years可知，时态应为现在完成时；主语some supermarkets为复数，助动词应用have。
have started　
4．(2023·浙江卷1月)The large siheyuan of these high -ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often ____________(feature) beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars (柱子). The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by spacious homes and walled gardens.
考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，空处在此作谓语。结合上下文可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。
featured　
5．(2022·全国甲卷)In the last five years, Cao ____________(walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa's highest mountain.
考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语In the last five years可知，此处应用现在完成时；主语Cao为第三人称单数，助动词应用has。
has walked　
6．(2025·浙江强基联盟联考)It is the first time that the festival ______________(introduce) the concept of guest countries since its establishment in 1987.
考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处是固定句型“It is the first time ＋that从句”，从句中谓语动词应用现在完成时；主语the festival为单数，助动词应用has。
has introduced　
7．Henry ____________(fix) his car when he heard the screams.
考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处是固定句型“Sb. was/were doing sth. when sb. did...”，主句中谓语动词应用过去进行时；主语是Henry，be动词应用第三人称单数形式。
was fixing　
8．It is three years since we ____________(graduate) from middle school.
考查动词的时态。此处是固定句型 “It is＋时间段＋since从句”，从句中谓语动词应用一般过去时。
graduated　
9．(译林选必一 U2)On 7 May 1824, a crowd of music lovers ____________(stream) into a theatre in Vienna to hear the first ever performance of the great Ludwig van Beethoven's Symphony No. 9.
考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语；根据时间状语On 7 May 1824可知，应用一般过去时。
streamed　
10．(外研选必四 U6)Ever since Neil Armstrong first set foot on the Moon back on 20 July 1969, people ____________(become) accustomed to the notion of space travel.
考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语；根据时间状语从句“Ever since...”可知，应用现在完成时。
have become　
11．I say to him with a cheerful smile, “Go to exercise and you ____________(feel) better. ”
考查动词的时态。此处是固定句型“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”，陈述句应用一般将来时。
will feel　
12．(2025·长郡中学模拟)After the government introduced policies to stimulate the economy, the consumption of durable goods such as refrigerators and washing machines ____________(rise) significantly, which was a positive sign for the manufacturing industry.
考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语，根据“After the government...stimulate the economy”和“was a positive sign”可知，应用一般过去时。
rose　
[技法点拨]
1．标志词判断法
在高考语法填空中，有时会给出时间标志词，可根据所给时间状语来确定对应时态：
(1)一般现在时：sometimes、often、every week/day/year/morning等；
(2)一般过去时：yesterday、last week/night/year/month、the other day、in＋过去的年份、时间段＋ago、时间段＋later等；
(3)现在进行时：look、listen、now、at present、at this moment/time等；
(4)过去进行时：at that time/moment等；
(5)一般将来时：tomorrow、next week/year、in＋时间段、in the future等；
(6)将来进行时：at this time tomorrow等；　
(7)现在完成时：since＋时间点、recently、lately、already、so far、ever since、up to/until/by now、during/over/in the last/past＋时间段、in/over recent＋时间段等；
(8)过去完成时：by then、until then、by/before/till the end of＋过去的时间点等。
2．瞻前顾后找并列
(1)表示并列的连词有and、but、or、rather than、neither．..nor．..、not only．..but (also)．..等；
(2)同一个主语的两个或两个以上的并列谓语，谓语动词时态要一致。
3．语境暗示法
分析句子结构，发现提示词作谓语，但没有标志性的时间状语，且其他参照物都不明显，通过正确理解语境即通过语境暗示解题，也是解决时态问题的一种行之有效的方法。
4．固定句型判断法
(1)be doing．..when．..；
(2)This/It/That is＋the＋序数词＋time＋(that)从句，从句用现在完成时；
(3)This/It/That was＋the＋序数词＋time＋(that)从句，从句用过去完成时；
(4)It is/has been＋时间段＋since sb./sth. did．..；　
(5)by the time＋sb./sth. did．..，主语＋had done．..；
(6)no sooner had ＋主语＋ done ．..than ＋主语＋ did．../hardly had ＋主语＋done．.. when ＋主语＋did．..；
(7)It's (high/about) time that sb. did/should do sth.
考法2　谓语动词的语态
[试做经典]
1．(2025·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)“The players' personalities ____________ (reveal) during the game, and one's weaknesses are exposed to the opponent，” she adds.
考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语。and后的分句的时态为一般现在时，空处也应用一般现在时；主语The players' personalities与 reveal 之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语是复数形式，be动词应用复数形式。
are revealed　
2．(2024·新高考全国卷 Ⅱ)A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare's Birthplace Garden in 2017. Two years later, a six meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, ____________(build) at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes' walk from Shakespeare's birthplace.
考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语，主语是a six-meter-tall pavilion，与build之间是被动关系；此处描述过去的事，应用一般过去时的被动语态；且主语为单数，be动词应用was。
was built　
3．(2024·全国甲卷)What should ____________(do) with such a beautiful place They wondered out loud.
考查动词的语态。主语What与do之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；空前的should是情态动词，其后应用动词原形。
be done　
4．(2023·全国乙卷)Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I ____________(amaze) by the co existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.
考查动词的时态和语态。由下文时态可知，应用一般过去时；I和amaze之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。
was amazed　
5．(2025·厦门双十中学模拟)Bao realized the true meaning of this idiom when his works were exhibited abroad and the Chinese government and people __________________ (applaud) for their conservation efforts.
考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，空处作谓语；根据上文were exhibited可知，该句介绍的是发生在过去的情况，应用一般过去时；且主语the Chinese government and people与applaud之间为动宾关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。
were applauded　
[技法点拨]
1．依据逻辑关系，辨析主动或被动
(1)分析句子结构，发现提示词作谓语，若与主语之间是主动关系，应考虑用主动语态； 若是被动关系，则考虑用被动语态。
(2)被动语态的基本形式为： be＋过去分词，被动语态的时态体现在be动词上。
(3)只有及物动词(短语)才有被动语态，系动词和不及物动词(短语)不能用于被动语态。
2．常考的几种时态的被动语态
(1)一般现在时：am/is/are done。
(2)一般过去时：was/were done。
(3)一般将来时：will be done。
(4)过去将来时：would be done。
(5)现在完成时：has/have been done。
(6)过去完成时：had been done。
3．主动形式表被动含义的句式结构：
(1)当feel、look、smell、taste、sound等系动词后面接形容词时；
(2)当cut、read、sell、wear、write、wash、open、run、burn等动词后有状语(well、easily等)修饰，用来表示主语内在品质或性能时，用主动形式表示被动含义。
考法3　主谓一致
[试做经典]
1．(2025·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)And in the process, I've experienced things that really surprise me at times.The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes ____________(be) one of them.
考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知，此处描述客观情况，应用一般现在时；主语sunshine scent是单数，且根据空后的one of them 可知，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。
is　
2．(2025·北京卷)Some choices are quick, while others take more thought. Usually, better outcomes ____________ (achieve) through a thorough understanding of strategies like risk tolerance.
考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语Usually可知，时态应为一般现在时；主语outcomes和动词achieve之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；主语 outcomes是复数，be动词应用are。
are achieved　
3．(2025·浙江卷1月)The concept __________(be) certainly not new—men have been renting good suits for decades—but for female shoppers, it is just taking off.
考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据but后的并列分句可知，时态为一般现在时，且主语The concept 为单数，be动词应用第三人称单数形式。
is　
4．(2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)Some of the things that Tang was writing about ____________(be) also Shakespeare's concerns.
考查动词的时态和主谓一致。主语Some of the things为复数，且此处描述过去的事，故填were。
were　
5．(2024·全国甲卷)They ____________(be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there.
考查动词的时态和主谓一致。结合下文时态和句意可知，此处描述过去的情况，应用一般过去时；主语是They，be动词应用复数形式。
were　
6．(2023·全国乙卷)The remarkable development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, ____________(mean) there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.
考查动词的时态和主谓一致。上下文的时态为一般现在时，此处也应用一般现在时；句子的主语为“The remarkable development of this city”，谓语动词应用第三人称单数。
means　
7．(2025·苏州调研)She was the only woman and the only student who____________(deny) an architecture degree by the school.
考查动词的时态、语态与主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处在从句中作谓语，根据定语从句中的by the school可知，逻辑主语student与deny之间是动宾关系，且此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态。主语为单数，be动词应用was。
was denied　
8．(译林选必二U1)If an advertisement____________(place) on a popular website or on TV at peak times, a huge number of people will know about the product or service it is advertising.
考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处作If引导的条件状语从句的谓语，主句谓语will know为一般将来时，从句应用一般现在时表将来；place与其主语an advertisement之间为被动关系，应使用被动语态，且主语为单数，be动词应用is。
is placed　
[技法点拨]
1．语法一致原则
(1)分析句子结构发现提示词作谓语，且主语后跟有with、together with、as well as、like、but、except、along with、rather than、including、in addition to等引导的短语时，要考虑谓语动词的数与短语前面的主语保持一致；
(2)在定语从句中，关系代词that、who、which等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与主句中先行词的数保持一致；
(3)“many a/more than one＋单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数；each、every、no所修饰的名词作主语时，即使有and 连接，谓语动词仍用单数。
2．就近原则
(1)or、either．..or．..、neither．..nor．..、not only．..but (also)．..、not．..but．..等连接并列主语时；
(2)there/here be句式。
3．意义一致原则
(1)由连词and连接的并列成分指的是同一概念，兼具身份或匹配出现(不可分割的整体)时，谓语动词用单数；
(2)动词不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)、主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数；
(3)由分数、百分数或者some、a part of等修饰时，要根据所修饰的名词确定谓语动词的单复数；
(4)“the＋形容词”表示抽象概念，作主语时谓语动词用单数；“the＋形容词”表示一类人或物，作主语时谓语动词用复数。
课堂新体验
Test 1
(2025·甘肃高三月考)China's zongzi culture boasts a rich and time-honored history. 1.____________(it) related stories and legends have been passed down for thousands of years and are known to every Chinese household. During 2.____________ Warring States Period (475 BCE—221 BCE), it's said that a patriotic poet from the State of Chu named Qu Yuan threw himself into a river after the state was conquered. The people of Chu were 3.____________(deep) saddened, and they went to the river to remember him. In order to protect his body from 4.____________(eat) by fish and shrimp, people threw rice dumplings into the river every year 5.____________ the anniversary of his death. The dumplings became known as zongzi.
Its
the
deeply　
being eaten　
on　
The ingredients 6.____________(use) to make zongzi vary from region to region, so there are many differences in shape and taste. Most are made with plain white glutinous rice. The northern 7.____________(variety) are usually sweet, with ingredients such as sugar, a red bean paste and dates. Southern zongzi are savory (咸味的)—especially those from Jiaxing in Zhejiang.
used　
varieties　
During the Dragon Boat Festival, zongzi are not only enjoyed for their cooking appeal 8.____________ also cherished for their cultural significance. Families gather to make and share the treat, 9._______________(strength) bonds and fostering a sense of community. Eating zongzi during the festival 10.____________(believe) to bring good luck and stop evil spirits, making it an essential part of the celebrations.
but　
strengthening　
is believed
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了端午节的起源、粽子的种类以及节日习俗等。
1．Its　考查代词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰名词 stories 和 legends，应用形容词性物主代词，空处位于句首，首字母需大写。
2．the　考查冠词。分析句子结构可知，Warring States Period为特指，空处应用定冠词 the。
3．deeply　考查副词。空处修饰谓语动词， 应用副词。
4．being eaten　考查非谓语动词。空处位于介词 from 之后，应用动词 ing 形式；根据语境和空后的 by 可知，eat 与 body 之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系。空处应用 being eaten。
5．on　考查介词。on the anniversary of 意为 “在……周年纪念日”，为固定短语。
6．used　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语。根据语境可知， use 与 ingredients 构成逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词作定语。
7．varieties　考查名词复数。根据谓语动词 are 可知，此处的主语应该为名词复数形式。
8．but　考查连词。not only...but also...意为“不仅……而且……”，为固定搭配。
9．strengthening　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语。此处表示“加强联系”，故应先将名词 strength 变为动词 strengthen；再根据语境可知， strengthen 与 Families 构成逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语。
10．is believed　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；主语 Eating zongzi 与谓语动词 believe 之间构成被动关系，应用被动语态；主语为动名词短语，be动词应用is。
Test 2
(2025·济南高三模拟)London's food scene has witnessed an inrush not only of traditional Cantonese (广东省的) restaurants but also a diverse range of regional Chinese cuisines. While for decades London's Chinatown has been closely associated with classic dishes 1.____________(root) in Guangdong Province, London's Chinese food has expanded far beyond that, reflecting a much 2.____________(broad) cultural shift.
rooted　
broader　
While Cantonese centric offerings have laid the foundation of familiarity with Chinese culinary (烹饪的) culture, the increasing variety makes it 3.____________ big challenge for restaurants to meet local British tastes. To adapt to the trend, they manage to introduce new dishes and enhance existing ones 4.____________(continuous) for bettering the menu. Additionally, larger culinary schools commit to teaching authentic (真正的) Chinese cooking, 5.____________(strengthen) greater appreciation and mastery of the cuisine.
a
continuously　
strengthening　
Hotpot, a typical Chinese dish, has taken centre stage in London, described as an “adventure” 6.____________ the locals could enjoy genuine Sichuan cuisine and unfamiliar cultural experiences. Meanwhile, hearty hand pulled noodles of Xi'an are also making waves, driven by the growing 7.____________(present) of Chinese customers and Londoners' appetite for authentic regional flavors.
where　
presence　
Chen Xin, chief organizer of the 2024 London Chinese Cuisine International Development Convention, 8.____________(emphasize) that London was becoming a true global centre of Chinese cuisine, staying true 9.____________ one single mission—providing Chinese customers with a taste of home and showcasing the depth of Chinese culinary culture to international10.____________(diner).
emphasized　
to
diners　
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了伦敦的中国餐饮文化发展，它从传统的广东菜扩展到更多样化的中国地方菜系以更好地满足本地口味。
1．rooted　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语。classic dishes 与 root之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。
2．broader　考查形容词比较级。根据句意和前面的 much 可知，空处应用形容词的比较级，修饰 cultural shift。
3．a　考查冠词。根据句意可知，此处表示“一个巨大的挑战”，表泛指，且 big 的发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词 a。
4．continuously　考查副词。空处修饰动词 introduce 以及 enhance，应用副词形式。
5．strengthening　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语。根据句意可知，此处应用现在分词短语作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。
6．where　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词 adventure，且在从句中作抽象的地点状语，应用关系副词where。
7．presence　考查名词。空处应用名词作介词by的宾语，presence意为“存在、出席”，为不可数名词。
8．emphasized　考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，空处作主句的谓语。根据宾语从句的谓语动词was becoming 可知，此处表示过去的动作，应用一般过去时。
9．to　考查介词。stay true to为固定搭配，意为“忠于”。
10．diners　考查名词复数。diner为可数名词，空前没有限定词，此处表示不止一位用餐者，应用复数形式。