高考英语二轮复习专题一阅读理解第二讲推理判断题——依文推理定选项课件
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| 名称 | 高考英语二轮复习专题一阅读理解第二讲推理判断题——依文推理定选项课件 |
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| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2026-03-10 00:00:00 | ||
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第二讲 推理判断题——
依文推理定选项
一、题型特点需了解
[题型分析]
推理判断题考查考生推理和判断的能力，以及深层次的阅读理解能力。主要考查隐含推断题、观点态度题、写作意图题、文章出处题、文章类型题、读者对象题等。在进行推断时，要透过字里行间，去体会作者的“弦外之音”，要据文推理、合情推理，不可脱离原文、主观臆断。
[选项特征]
1．正确选项特征
(1) “立足原文，只推一步”：根据原文内容简单推理，一步即可推得。
(2)选项中一般不出现绝对概念，如only、 never、 all、 absolutely等，正确答案的表述一般有一点模糊，会用一些相对能够留有一些余地的词汇，如often、 usually、 sometimes、 some、 may、 might、 can、 could、 probably等。
2．干扰选项特征
张冠李戴 把作者的观点与其他人的观点混在一起
无中生有 符合常识，但不是文章的内容
曲解文意 利用原文的内容进行设计，借题发挥，曲解原文意思；有些符合常识，但不符合文意
扩缩范围 通过改变或去掉文章中的限制性词语，改变信息的准确度，造成干扰
偷梁换柱 使用与文章中某一句话相似的句型结构和单词，在易被忽视的地方更换单词，造成句意的改变
二、方法技巧要知晓
题型一 隐含推断题
隐含推断题主要考查考生对特定信息、全篇、全段或上下文逻辑关系的判断，结合相关信息的暗示，准确理解文章寓意或隐含的深层意义的能力。一般题干主要包括六个动词：infer (推断)、indicate (象征；暗示)、imply (暗示)、suggest (暗示)、conclude (得出结论)、assume (假定；设想)。
[典例1] (2025·新高考全国卷Ⅰ阅读C片段)
Life on city streets started to change decades ago. Whole neighbourhoods were destroyed to make way for new road networks and kids had to play elsewhere. Some communities fought back. Most famously, a Canadian journalist who had moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the destruction of her local park. Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her mayor (市长) to champion “New York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through.” Similar campaigns occurred in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s as well.
Although these campaigns were widespread, the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car. The number of cars on roads has been increasing rapidly. In Australia we now have over twenty million cars for just over twenty six million people, among the highest rate of car ownership in the world.
30．What can be inferred about the campaigns in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s
A.They boosted the sales of cars.
B.They turned out largely ineffective.
C.They won government support.
D.They advocated building new parks.
√
[解析] 第一步：阅读题干，找出关键词inferred、 the campaigns和in the late 1960s and 1970s。
第二步：根据关键词，定位到原文中的“Similar campaigns occurred in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s as well. ”以及“Although these campaigns were widespread, the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car. The number of cars on roads has been increasing rapidly.”并综合逻辑分析可推知，20世纪60年代末和70年代澳大利亚的这些活动未能阻止汽车发展，基本上没有效果。
第三步：比对选项得出答案。
技法点拨：
题型二 观点态度题
此类试题往往让考生推断文章作者或文中人物对某事所持的观点、态度或看法，或推断文中人物的语气、性格等。观点和态度一般分为三大类：①支持、赞同、乐观；②客观、中立、公正；③反对、批评、怀疑、悲观。在推断过程中，考生应特别注意文中作者的措辞，尤其是表达感彩的形容词或副词。
[典例2] (2024·全国甲卷阅读C片段)
Doctors see up to 150 patients every day. The train's equipment allows for basic checkups. “I was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned，” says Ducke.“They were the best chance for many rural people to get the treatment they want.”
31．What is Ducke's attitude toward the Saint Lukas' services
A.Appreciative.
B.Doubtful.
C.Ambiguous.
D.Cautious.
√
[解析] 第一步：阅读题干，找出关键词Ducke's attitude toward the Saint Lukas' services。
第二步：根据关键词，定位到原文中杜克所说的话“I was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned”以及“They were the best chance for many rural people to get the treatment they want.”可知，他对该列车的服务持赞赏的态度。
第三步：比对选项得出答案。
技法点拨：
题型三 写作意图题
各种话题的阅读材料都有可能考查写作意图题。通常情况下，作者在文中不直接陈述自己的意图，而是通过文中所列事物使读者感受到其所传递的想法。所以这种题型要求考生具备对作者阐述的内容进行总结和分析的能力。
[典例3] (2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ阅读D片段)
Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives, we all need to take action to deal with our AI -powered future, and this is where AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in. This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution (变革).
In the wrong hands, such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code (代码) that powers AI...
As we soon come to learn from AI by Design，...
AI will affect us all, and if you only read one book on the subject, this is it.
35．What is the author's purpose in writing the text
A.To recommend a book on AI.
B.To give a brief account of AI history.
C.To clarify the definition of AI.
D.To honor an outstanding AI expert.
√
[解析] 第一步：阅读题干，找出关键词the author's purpose in writing the text。
第二步：根据关键词，定位到原文最后一段“AI will affect us all, and if you only read one book on the subject, this is it.”。本文是一篇说明文，结合首段和尾段可知，文章主要给读者推荐了卡特里奥娜·坎贝尔的一本关于人工智能的书。
第三步：比对选项得出答案。
技法点拨：
题型四 文章出处题、文章类型题、读者对象题
文章出处题、文章类型题要求考生具备一定的常识，能够根据文章的体裁和题材来推断文章的出处或类型。读者对象题要求考生根据文章内容和措辞推断文章的读者对象。
[典例4] (2023·新高考全国卷 Ⅱ 阅读C片段)
Reading Art: Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of an everyday object—the book, represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world.The image of the reader appears throughout history, in art made long before books as we now know them came into being. In artists' representations of books and reading, we see moments of shared humanity that go beyond culture and time.
In this “book of books，” artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures. We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school, with the book as a focus for relations between the generations. Adults are portrayed (描绘) alone in many settings and poses—absorbed in a volume, deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure. These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago, but they record moments we can all relate to.
28．Where is the text most probably taken from
A.An introduction to a book.
B.An essay on the art of writing.
C.A guidebook to a museum.
D.A review of modern paintings.
√
[解析] 第一步：阅读题干，找出关键词Where和taken from。
第二步：根据关键词，定位到原文第一段第一句“Reading Art: Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of an everyday object—the book, represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world.”和第二段第一句可推知，文章介绍了一本书，最有可能出自一本书的序言。
第三步：比对选项得出答案。
技法点拨：
课堂新体验
A
体裁 主题语境 难度
记叙文 投身食品领域 ★★★☆☆
(2025·浙江强基联盟三模)As I wandered out of
my New York apartment, behind me someone called
out, “Where can I find peaches？” I turned around to see a woman standing outside the greengrocer's. The absurdity (荒谬) of the moment struck me—why would someone want peaches in the middle of winter It is just as absurd as sitting by the pool on a blistering summer day and reaching for a warm, woolly jumper.
I was already aware of the issues facing the food system：industrial farming ruining soils, unclear supply chains leaving citizens powerless in making the right buying decisions, and the dominance of ultra- processed foods with zero nutritional value in supermarkets. But this encounter made me see how normalized it was to expect food out of season.
After graduating, I worked at Wall Street in New York, managing portfolios (投资组合). Despite the breathtaking view and fast paced stock market, I was troubled by the greed underlying my work. Cooking was my escape. It had always been a passion, whether in Buenos Aires, at university, or in New York.
As I neared my 30s, I knew I needed a change and food became my north star. Through my work visiting markets and farmers around Europe, I saw first -hand why seasonality is critical in our ability to regain control of, and fix, our food system. All around me I could see how quickly flavour was disappearing from our plates. I wanted to reintroduce phenomenal flavour into people's lives, and to re- educate and reconnect consumers with nature. In 2004, I took over Natoora, a French -founded company with a small base in London, determined to reintroduce great flavour to people's lives and reconnect them with nature.
My two -decade -long devotion to flavour, initially a pursuit of personal pleasure, has given my work a deep sense of purpose. Flavour can emotionally connect us to food and bring joy back into our relationship with it. Changing careers opened a new world for me, which was filled with purpose and love for my work, and I hope it inspires others to fight for a better food- centric world.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。因关注食品体系问题及热爱烹饪，作者从华尔街转行投身食品领域，致力于用风味让人们与自然重新联结。
1．Why does the author mention the encounter with a woman
A．To illustrate an absurd shopping choice.
B．To highlight a problem in the food system.
C．To compare between peaches and jumpers.
D．To show people's separation from farming.
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But this encounter made me see how normalized it was to expect food out of season.”可知，作者提到与女士的相遇是为了突出食品体系中存在的问题，即人们对反季节食品习以为常。
√
2．What does the author think of cooking
A．Healing. B．Troublesome.
C．Demanding. D．Instructive.
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Despite the breathtaking view...Cooking was my escape.”可知，在工作带来烦恼时，烹饪能让作者逃离这种负面情绪，由此可推知，作者认为烹饪能治愈人心。
√
3．What can we infer from paragraph 4
A．People will improve flavours on their tables soon.
B．Consumers are not willing to get close to nature.
C．Our food system is in need of our great attention.
D．All the markets in Europe sell food out of season.
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Through my work...and to re -educate and reconnect consumers with nature.”可推知，食品体系存在诸多问题，所以我们需要高度关注我们的食品体系。
√
4．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the passage
A．Add a Unique Flavour to Your Career
B．The Great Power of Seasonal Eating
C．Approaches to Fixing the Food System
D．From Wall Street to the World of Flavour
标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章讲述作者之前在华尔街工作，因对食品体系问题的关注和对烹饪的热爱，转行投身于与食物味道相关的事业，也就是“从华尔街走向了味道的世界”。所以D项最适合作为文章标题。
√
B
体裁 主题语境 难度
说明文 阅读增进同理心 ★★★☆☆
John Green is best known for his tear -jerking young adult novels. He's known to his over two million social media followers as an expert in centuries- old historical events, global health, and our modern technological landscape. Green is able to connect with a broad audience because of his unimaginable ability to understand the dark and complex realities of people—particularly young ones. “I worry a lot that young people are affected by the terrible disease of loneliness at a scale that we haven't seen before，” he tells Fortune.
With the rise in social media came a decline in mental health, and a pandemic that shut down schools and isolated kids as they were coming of age only worsened things. In one analysis, a fourth of people aged 15 to 18 reported feeling lonely, which can worsen mental health issues. With looming (逼近的) uncertainty about the future of work, AI, and the economy, Green has a simple lesson for young people.
“I think they should be reading more books，” Green says. “But I'm biased (有偏见的). That's like asking a musician if people should listen to music.”Nonetheless, he sees reading as the most significant character development tool for young people. “My case for books is that they shrink the empathy gap，” Green says.
Being socially isolated can block people from feeling empathy for others. In the latest annual World Happiness Report, a ranking of happiest countries in the world, the U．S. dropped out of the top 20, largely because of young Americans' discontent due to social isolation and worsening mental health. A key marker of happiness, per the report, is believing in the good of others. Lacking valuable social connections can make believing in the goodwill of others more challenging. Finding a way to bridge the empathy gap, as Green says, could encourage us to reach out to people, beyond the pages of a book.
“Through the process of imagining with clarity and sophistication (复杂) what it's like to be someone else, we both learn what it's like to be ourselves, but we also learn what it's like to be one of the 8 billion other people on this planet，” Green says.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。约翰·格林关注年轻人孤独的问题，提倡通过阅读增进同理心，以应对心理健康与社交隔离挑战。
5．What is one of the main concerns John Green has about young people today
A．Their lack of interest in reading books.
B．Their increasing use of social media.
C．Their high levels of loneliness.
D.Their uncertainty about the future of work.
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“‘I worry a lot...we haven't seen before，’ he tells Fortune.”可知，约翰·格林担心年轻人的孤独问题。
√
6．What can be inferred about the relationship between social media and mental health according to John Green
A.Social media improves mental health by connecting people.
B.Social media has no effect on young people's loneliness.
C.Social media may contribute to increased loneliness and mental health issues.
D.Social media is the only cause of teenage depression.
推理判断题。第二段中的“With the rise in social media came a decline in mental health”指出青少年孤独感加剧。由此可推知，社交媒体可能加剧了这些问题。
√
7．What is John Green's attitude toward the importance of reading for young people
A．He is neutral and thinks it's just one of many options.
B.He is strongly in favor and believes it helps empathy.
C．He is against it because it takes time from social media.
D．He is unsure and thinks it depends on the individual.
√
观点态度题。根据第三段中的“he sees reading as the most significant character development tool”和“they shrink the empathy gap”可知，他非常支持阅读并相信它能帮助增进同理心。
8．According to the World Happiness Report, what is a key marker of happiness
A．Having many friends.
B．Believing in the good of others.
C．Being successful at work.
D．Living in a rich country.
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“A key marker of happiness, per the report, is believing in the good of others.”可知，幸福的一个重要标志是相信他人的善意。
√
第二讲 推理判断题——
依文推理定选项
一、题型特点需了解
[题型分析]
推理判断题考查考生推理和判断的能力，以及深层次的阅读理解能力。主要考查隐含推断题、观点态度题、写作意图题、文章出处题、文章类型题、读者对象题等。在进行推断时，要透过字里行间，去体会作者的“弦外之音”，要据文推理、合情推理，不可脱离原文、主观臆断。
[选项特征]
1．正确选项特征
(1) “立足原文，只推一步”：根据原文内容简单推理，一步即可推得。
(2)选项中一般不出现绝对概念，如only、 never、 all、 absolutely等，正确答案的表述一般有一点模糊，会用一些相对能够留有一些余地的词汇，如often、 usually、 sometimes、 some、 may、 might、 can、 could、 probably等。
2．干扰选项特征
张冠李戴 把作者的观点与其他人的观点混在一起
无中生有 符合常识，但不是文章的内容
曲解文意 利用原文的内容进行设计，借题发挥，曲解原文意思；有些符合常识，但不符合文意
扩缩范围 通过改变或去掉文章中的限制性词语，改变信息的准确度，造成干扰
偷梁换柱 使用与文章中某一句话相似的句型结构和单词，在易被忽视的地方更换单词，造成句意的改变
二、方法技巧要知晓
题型一 隐含推断题
隐含推断题主要考查考生对特定信息、全篇、全段或上下文逻辑关系的判断，结合相关信息的暗示，准确理解文章寓意或隐含的深层意义的能力。一般题干主要包括六个动词：infer (推断)、indicate (象征；暗示)、imply (暗示)、suggest (暗示)、conclude (得出结论)、assume (假定；设想)。
[典例1] (2025·新高考全国卷Ⅰ阅读C片段)
Life on city streets started to change decades ago. Whole neighbourhoods were destroyed to make way for new road networks and kids had to play elsewhere. Some communities fought back. Most famously, a Canadian journalist who had moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the destruction of her local park. Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her mayor (市长) to champion “New York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through.” Similar campaigns occurred in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s as well.
Although these campaigns were widespread, the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car. The number of cars on roads has been increasing rapidly. In Australia we now have over twenty million cars for just over twenty six million people, among the highest rate of car ownership in the world.
30．What can be inferred about the campaigns in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s
A.They boosted the sales of cars.
B.They turned out largely ineffective.
C.They won government support.
D.They advocated building new parks.
√
[解析] 第一步：阅读题干，找出关键词inferred、 the campaigns和in the late 1960s and 1970s。
第二步：根据关键词，定位到原文中的“Similar campaigns occurred in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s as well. ”以及“Although these campaigns were widespread, the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car. The number of cars on roads has been increasing rapidly.”并综合逻辑分析可推知，20世纪60年代末和70年代澳大利亚的这些活动未能阻止汽车发展，基本上没有效果。
第三步：比对选项得出答案。
技法点拨：
题型二 观点态度题
此类试题往往让考生推断文章作者或文中人物对某事所持的观点、态度或看法，或推断文中人物的语气、性格等。观点和态度一般分为三大类：①支持、赞同、乐观；②客观、中立、公正；③反对、批评、怀疑、悲观。在推断过程中，考生应特别注意文中作者的措辞，尤其是表达感彩的形容词或副词。
[典例2] (2024·全国甲卷阅读C片段)
Doctors see up to 150 patients every day. The train's equipment allows for basic checkups. “I was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned，” says Ducke.“They were the best chance for many rural people to get the treatment they want.”
31．What is Ducke's attitude toward the Saint Lukas' services
A.Appreciative.
B.Doubtful.
C.Ambiguous.
D.Cautious.
√
[解析] 第一步：阅读题干，找出关键词Ducke's attitude toward the Saint Lukas' services。
第二步：根据关键词，定位到原文中杜克所说的话“I was very impressed by the doctors and their assistants working and living in such little space but still staying focused and very concerned”以及“They were the best chance for many rural people to get the treatment they want.”可知，他对该列车的服务持赞赏的态度。
第三步：比对选项得出答案。
技法点拨：
题型三 写作意图题
各种话题的阅读材料都有可能考查写作意图题。通常情况下，作者在文中不直接陈述自己的意图，而是通过文中所列事物使读者感受到其所传递的想法。所以这种题型要求考生具备对作者阐述的内容进行总结和分析的能力。
[典例3] (2024·新高考全国卷Ⅱ阅读D片段)
Given the astonishing potential of AI to transform our lives, we all need to take action to deal with our AI -powered future, and this is where AI by Design: A Plan for Living with Artificial Intelligence comes in. This absorbing new book by Catriona Campbell is a practical roadmap addressing the challenges posed by the forthcoming AI revolution (变革).
In the wrong hands, such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code (代码) that powers AI...
As we soon come to learn from AI by Design，...
AI will affect us all, and if you only read one book on the subject, this is it.
35．What is the author's purpose in writing the text
A.To recommend a book on AI.
B.To give a brief account of AI history.
C.To clarify the definition of AI.
D.To honor an outstanding AI expert.
√
[解析] 第一步：阅读题干，找出关键词the author's purpose in writing the text。
第二步：根据关键词，定位到原文最后一段“AI will affect us all, and if you only read one book on the subject, this is it.”。本文是一篇说明文，结合首段和尾段可知，文章主要给读者推荐了卡特里奥娜·坎贝尔的一本关于人工智能的书。
第三步：比对选项得出答案。
技法点拨：
题型四 文章出处题、文章类型题、读者对象题
文章出处题、文章类型题要求考生具备一定的常识，能够根据文章的体裁和题材来推断文章的出处或类型。读者对象题要求考生根据文章内容和措辞推断文章的读者对象。
[典例4] (2023·新高考全国卷 Ⅱ 阅读C片段)
Reading Art: Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of an everyday object—the book, represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world.The image of the reader appears throughout history, in art made long before books as we now know them came into being. In artists' representations of books and reading, we see moments of shared humanity that go beyond culture and time.
In this “book of books，” artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures. We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school, with the book as a focus for relations between the generations. Adults are portrayed (描绘) alone in many settings and poses—absorbed in a volume, deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure. These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago, but they record moments we can all relate to.
28．Where is the text most probably taken from
A.An introduction to a book.
B.An essay on the art of writing.
C.A guidebook to a museum.
D.A review of modern paintings.
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[解析] 第一步：阅读题干，找出关键词Where和taken from。
第二步：根据关键词，定位到原文第一段第一句“Reading Art: Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of an everyday object—the book, represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world.”和第二段第一句可推知，文章介绍了一本书，最有可能出自一本书的序言。
第三步：比对选项得出答案。
技法点拨：
课堂新体验
A
体裁 主题语境 难度
记叙文 投身食品领域 ★★★☆☆
(2025·浙江强基联盟三模)As I wandered out of
my New York apartment, behind me someone called
out, “Where can I find peaches？” I turned around to see a woman standing outside the greengrocer's. The absurdity (荒谬) of the moment struck me—why would someone want peaches in the middle of winter It is just as absurd as sitting by the pool on a blistering summer day and reaching for a warm, woolly jumper.
I was already aware of the issues facing the food system：industrial farming ruining soils, unclear supply chains leaving citizens powerless in making the right buying decisions, and the dominance of ultra- processed foods with zero nutritional value in supermarkets. But this encounter made me see how normalized it was to expect food out of season.
After graduating, I worked at Wall Street in New York, managing portfolios (投资组合). Despite the breathtaking view and fast paced stock market, I was troubled by the greed underlying my work. Cooking was my escape. It had always been a passion, whether in Buenos Aires, at university, or in New York.
As I neared my 30s, I knew I needed a change and food became my north star. Through my work visiting markets and farmers around Europe, I saw first -hand why seasonality is critical in our ability to regain control of, and fix, our food system. All around me I could see how quickly flavour was disappearing from our plates. I wanted to reintroduce phenomenal flavour into people's lives, and to re- educate and reconnect consumers with nature. In 2004, I took over Natoora, a French -founded company with a small base in London, determined to reintroduce great flavour to people's lives and reconnect them with nature.
My two -decade -long devotion to flavour, initially a pursuit of personal pleasure, has given my work a deep sense of purpose. Flavour can emotionally connect us to food and bring joy back into our relationship with it. Changing careers opened a new world for me, which was filled with purpose and love for my work, and I hope it inspires others to fight for a better food- centric world.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。因关注食品体系问题及热爱烹饪，作者从华尔街转行投身食品领域，致力于用风味让人们与自然重新联结。
1．Why does the author mention the encounter with a woman
A．To illustrate an absurd shopping choice.
B．To highlight a problem in the food system.
C．To compare between peaches and jumpers.
D．To show people's separation from farming.
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But this encounter made me see how normalized it was to expect food out of season.”可知，作者提到与女士的相遇是为了突出食品体系中存在的问题，即人们对反季节食品习以为常。
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2．What does the author think of cooking
A．Healing. B．Troublesome.
C．Demanding. D．Instructive.
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Despite the breathtaking view...Cooking was my escape.”可知，在工作带来烦恼时，烹饪能让作者逃离这种负面情绪，由此可推知，作者认为烹饪能治愈人心。
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3．What can we infer from paragraph 4
A．People will improve flavours on their tables soon.
B．Consumers are not willing to get close to nature.
C．Our food system is in need of our great attention.
D．All the markets in Europe sell food out of season.
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Through my work...and to re -educate and reconnect consumers with nature.”可推知，食品体系存在诸多问题，所以我们需要高度关注我们的食品体系。
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4．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the passage
A．Add a Unique Flavour to Your Career
B．The Great Power of Seasonal Eating
C．Approaches to Fixing the Food System
D．From Wall Street to the World of Flavour
标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章讲述作者之前在华尔街工作，因对食品体系问题的关注和对烹饪的热爱，转行投身于与食物味道相关的事业，也就是“从华尔街走向了味道的世界”。所以D项最适合作为文章标题。
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B
体裁 主题语境 难度
说明文 阅读增进同理心 ★★★☆☆
John Green is best known for his tear -jerking young adult novels. He's known to his over two million social media followers as an expert in centuries- old historical events, global health, and our modern technological landscape. Green is able to connect with a broad audience because of his unimaginable ability to understand the dark and complex realities of people—particularly young ones. “I worry a lot that young people are affected by the terrible disease of loneliness at a scale that we haven't seen before，” he tells Fortune.
With the rise in social media came a decline in mental health, and a pandemic that shut down schools and isolated kids as they were coming of age only worsened things. In one analysis, a fourth of people aged 15 to 18 reported feeling lonely, which can worsen mental health issues. With looming (逼近的) uncertainty about the future of work, AI, and the economy, Green has a simple lesson for young people.
“I think they should be reading more books，” Green says. “But I'm biased (有偏见的). That's like asking a musician if people should listen to music.”Nonetheless, he sees reading as the most significant character development tool for young people. “My case for books is that they shrink the empathy gap，” Green says.
Being socially isolated can block people from feeling empathy for others. In the latest annual World Happiness Report, a ranking of happiest countries in the world, the U．S. dropped out of the top 20, largely because of young Americans' discontent due to social isolation and worsening mental health. A key marker of happiness, per the report, is believing in the good of others. Lacking valuable social connections can make believing in the goodwill of others more challenging. Finding a way to bridge the empathy gap, as Green says, could encourage us to reach out to people, beyond the pages of a book.
“Through the process of imagining with clarity and sophistication (复杂) what it's like to be someone else, we both learn what it's like to be ourselves, but we also learn what it's like to be one of the 8 billion other people on this planet，” Green says.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。约翰·格林关注年轻人孤独的问题，提倡通过阅读增进同理心，以应对心理健康与社交隔离挑战。
5．What is one of the main concerns John Green has about young people today
A．Their lack of interest in reading books.
B．Their increasing use of social media.
C．Their high levels of loneliness.
D.Their uncertainty about the future of work.
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“‘I worry a lot...we haven't seen before，’ he tells Fortune.”可知，约翰·格林担心年轻人的孤独问题。
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6．What can be inferred about the relationship between social media and mental health according to John Green
A.Social media improves mental health by connecting people.
B.Social media has no effect on young people's loneliness.
C.Social media may contribute to increased loneliness and mental health issues.
D.Social media is the only cause of teenage depression.
推理判断题。第二段中的“With the rise in social media came a decline in mental health”指出青少年孤独感加剧。由此可推知，社交媒体可能加剧了这些问题。
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7．What is John Green's attitude toward the importance of reading for young people
A．He is neutral and thinks it's just one of many options.
B.He is strongly in favor and believes it helps empathy.
C．He is against it because it takes time from social media.
D．He is unsure and thinks it depends on the individual.
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观点态度题。根据第三段中的“he sees reading as the most significant character development tool”和“they shrink the empathy gap”可知，他非常支持阅读并相信它能帮助增进同理心。
8．According to the World Happiness Report, what is a key marker of happiness
A．Having many friends.
B．Believing in the good of others.
C．Being successful at work.
D．Living in a rich country.
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“A key marker of happiness, per the report, is believing in the good of others.”可知，幸福的一个重要标志是相信他人的善意。
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