高考英语二轮复习专题一阅读理解第一讲细节理解题——定位信息找答案课件
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| 名称 | 高考英语二轮复习专题一阅读理解第一讲细节理解题——定位信息找答案课件 |
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| 格式 | ppt | ||
| 文件大小 | 1.2MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 试卷 | ||
| 版本资源 | 通用版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2026-03-10 00:00:00 | ||
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专题一 阅读理解
[研高考·辨考向]
考试
年份 试卷名称 考查体裁 题目类型
细节理解题 推断判断题 主旨大意题 词句猜测题
2025 新高考全国卷Ⅰ 说明文；记叙文；议论文；说明文 6 7 1 1
新高考全国卷Ⅱ 应用文；记叙文；说明文；说明文 8 4 2 1
考试
年份 试卷名称 考查体裁 题目类型
细节理解题 推断判断题 主旨大意题 词句猜测题
2024 新高考全国卷Ⅰ 应用文；记叙文；议论文；说明文 9 4 1 1
新高考全国卷Ⅱ 应用文；记叙文；说明文；书评 7 6 1 1
考试
年份 试卷名称 考查体裁 题目类型
细节理解题 推断判断题 主旨大意题 词句猜测题
2023 新高考全国卷Ⅰ 应用文；记叙文；说明文；议论文 6 7 1 1
新高考全国卷Ⅱ 应用文；记叙文；说明文；说明文 8 5 1 1
[抓规律·找依据]
第一讲 细节理解题——
定位信息找答案
一、题型特点需了解
[题型分析]
细节理解题考查理解具体信息，在阅读总题量中占比较大，是最重要的得分点。细节理解题的命题方法有很多，如可能是对某个细节用同义结构转换后进行考查，也可能是将文章中的几个细节放在一起要求学生判断是非或对几个细节进行排序等。主要考查直接细节题、间接细节题、数字计算题等。考查方式灵活，常见的设问形式有：
1．特殊疑问句形式，常以when、where、what、which、who、how等疑问词开头引出问题；
2．填空题形式，通常涉及与主题有关的事实或细节；
3．数字询问，就文中的数字进行提问。
[选项特征]
1．正确选项特征
同义替换 与原文关键信息相同含义的不同表达
信息归纳 对分散或复杂的信息进行概括或比较
正话反说 把原文中的意思反过来表达
原文原词 利用原文原词作为正确选项
2.干扰选项特征
张冠李戴 是原文信息，但不是题目要求的内容
无中生有 符合常识，但不是文章的内容
曲解文意 极其相似但是细节处与原文有出入
颠倒是非 在意思上与原文大相径庭或者完全相反
正误参半 部分正确，部分错误
二、方法技巧要知晓
题型一 直接细节题
直接细节题主要针对文中涉及的某个具体事物、人物、时间、地点、原因、结果等提问。
[典例1] (2025·新高考全国卷Ⅱ阅读A片段)
Hereford, Herefordshire
Hereford has remained a lively market town since 1189. Skirting the town square, you'll find lovely shops, eateries, and the Black and White House Museum.The Hereford Cathedral is the most impressive building in town. It's also home to an ancient library. One of the four original copies of the Magna Carta is displayed there.
21．Where can you find an original copy of the Magna Carta
A.In the Ludlow Castle.
B.In the Foodie Center of England.
C.In the Hereford Cathedral.
D.In the Black and White House Museum.
√
[解析] 第一步：阅读题干，找出关键词original copy of the Magna Carta。
第二步：根据关键词，定位到原文中的“The Hereford Cathedral is the most impressive building in town. It's also home to an ancient library. One of the four original copies of the Magna Carta is displayed there.”可知，在赫里福德大教堂可以找到《大宪章》的原件。
第三步：比对选项得出答案。
技法点拨：
题型二 间接细节题
间接细节题是直接信息的转述、原文信息的间接表达、直接信息背后隐含内容的表达。
[典例2] (2025·新高考全国卷Ⅰ阅读A片段)
This energy transition (变革) is global, and the amount of renewable energy the world will need is “a little bit mind -blowing，” says mechanical engineer Keith Wipke at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. It's estimated that the global demand for electricity could more than double by 2050. Fortunately, analyses suggest that renewables are up to the task. “We need to speed up the development of green energy, and it will all get used，” says Wipke.
23．What does Wipke suggest regarding energy transition
A.Limiting fuel consumption.
B.Putting more effort into renewables.
C.Improving energy efficiency.
D.Making electricity more affordable.
√
[解析] 第一步：阅读题干，找出关键词Wipke、regarding energy transition。
第二步：根据关键词，定位到原文中的“‘We need to speed up the development of green energy, and it will all get used，’ says Wipke.”可知，卫普克建议加快绿色能源的发展，通过语义转换可知，加大对可再生能源的投入。
第三步：比对选项得出答案。
技法点拨：
题型三 数字计算题
此类试题要求考生对具体细节信息，尤其是对相关的时间、数量等数字和信息进行分析和理解，利用加、减、乘、除等运算方法进行计算，但此类试题重点不在于计算，而在于考查考生对具体细节信息的处理能力，因此考生在解题时必须找出计算背后所隐含的信息。
[典例3] (2025·新高考全国卷 Ⅰ 阅读A片段)
Moving goods and people around the world is responsible for a large part of global CO2 emissions (排放). As the world races to decarbonize everything, it faces particular problems with transportation—which accounts for about a quarter of our energy -related greenhouse gas emissions. Here's the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport.
21．What percentage of global transport emissions did road vehicles account for in 2018
A.11.6%. B．45.1%.
C.74.5%. D．86.1%.
√
[解析] 第一步：阅读题干，找出关键词What percentage of global transport emissions、 road vehicles、 in 2018。
第二步：根据关键词，定位到原文中的“Here's the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport.”、“ROAD(PASSENGER)45.1%”及“ROAD(GOODS)29.4%”。由此可知，用加法计算得出答案，即45.1%＋29.4%＝74.5%。
第三步：比对选项得出答案。
技法点拨：
课堂新体验
A
体裁 主题语境 难度
应用文 安德森小屋度假中心 ★★☆☆☆
(2025·苏北七市第三次调研)
Anderson Lodge
About
Anderson Lodge is a family run facility owned by Arvid and Vicki Anderson. It has two separate facilities: the Main Lodge and the Hilltop House. Anderson Lodge opened as a retreat center in November of 2004. As you scroll through the many photos on our site, you are thinking, “How beautiful！” Anderson Lodge is beautiful! But the photos don't do it justice. There is nothing like seeing the tall trees with moss cascading elegantly at the Main Lodge or viewing the scenic mountain at our Hilltop House site.
The Main Lodge and the Hilltop House are self -contained and are a mile apart. There are single beds and double beds respectively. Groups enjoy the quality accommodations well suited for groups ranging from 20-80 overnight guests and more! We have private rooms, family rooms, dorm -style rooms and cabins. Please contact us for a tour. You will see for yourself how magical Anderson Lodge truly is.
Pricing
Overnight pricing chart Base price per night Guests covered in base price Price for additional guests above base
Main Lodge or Hilltop House $825 15 Up to 50: $10 per person
After 50: $8 per person
Directions
·Standard check- in: 2：00 pm. Early check -in of 12：00 pm may be permitted (no cost) if schedule allows.
·Standard check- out: 10：00 am. Check -out after 12：00 pm, at $100/hr.
·Anderson Lodge has a no -pet policy. The pet is not allowed to stay. Service animals are permitted.
·Lower the volume of music and attendees by 12：00 pm. You are to bring the party indoors by 12：00 pm.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。文章围绕安德森小屋这一度假中心展开，详细介绍了其基本信息、设施、价格、入住和退房规定等内容。
1．What do we know about Anderson Lodge
A.It has a long history.
B.It runs photo contests.
C.It is suitable for gatherings.
D.It works with a travel agency.
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Groups enjoy the quality accommodations well suited for groups ranging from 20-80 overnight guests and more！”可知，安德森小屋度假中心适合团体聚会。
√
2．What's the charge for a two -night stay at Hilltop House for a group of 25 guests
A.$2，350. B．$1，850.
C.$1，750. D．$1，650.
数字计算题。根据Pricing部分中的“Base price per night: $825”、“Guests covered in base price: 15”以及“Price for additional guests above base: Up to 50: $10 per person”可知，25人团体，基础价格涵盖15人，超出的人数为25－15 ＝ 10人；超出的人数在50人以内，所以这10人每人每晚10美元，所以两晚的费用为(825 ＋ 10×10)×2 ＝ 1850美元。
√
3．What are guests required to do
A.Bring service animals.
B.Check out after 12：00 pm.
C.Reduce noise after midnight.
D.Arrive prior to check -in time.
细节理解题。根据Directions部分中的“Lower the volume of music and attendees by 12：00 pm.”可知，客人需要减少午夜后的噪音。
√
B
体裁 主题语境 难度
说明文 互联网技术保护语言 ★★★☆☆
(2025·德州一模)Some of the world's 7，000 languages disappear annually and many are endangered for not being spoken widely in formal settings like schools. A quiet fightback is under way in communities that feel their traditions are drowned out by the dominance of the most globally spoken languages.
Tochi Precious, a Nigerian, says, “It pains me to see a language dying off, because it's not just about the language, but about the history and culture associated with it.” It was the community aspect that brought her to join efforts to save Igbo, an endangered African language. Ensuring there's a substantial record of words and meanings, and how it is written and used is key, according to campaigners like Precious, who aid others in their languages' protection through the organisation Wikitongues.
Amrit Sufi, an Indian speaking Angika, records videos and uploads them to preserve its oral culture via Wikitongues, too. “It's urgent to document and make it accessible, not just stored in a library，” she says. “Oral culture is disappearing as new generations are more subject to consuming industry produced music rather than sitting in groups and singing. They're ashamed to speak it due to a perceived dishonor attached to it, seeing Angika beneath dominant languages.”
Wikitongues focuses on helping document languages using collective resources such as dictionaries and alternative language online encyclopedia (百科全书) entries. The online encyclopedia is favoured by language activists as a way to upload media and build effective and affordable dictionaries.
There are moves to use artificial intelligence to document languages by processing texts and feeding them into chatbots. Many activists create books, videos and munity radio stations also have a long record of providing services in local languages. Despite such preservation, activists then have to persuade people to use a language—a major challenge.
“While Igbo is one of Nigeria's largest languages, parents believe only English is useful for children's future, insisting that if they don't speak English, they appear ignorant and don't belong，” Precious says. “But efforts to save it have worked—the language is flowering again.”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界上每年都有语言消失，为此有人通过互联网技术来防止语言消失。
4．How do Precious and Sufi help prevent language loss
A．Through national programs.
B．Through word of mouth.
C．Through mass music formats.
D．Through Internet technology.
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Ensuring there's a substantial record...through the organisation Wikitongues．”以及第三段中的“Amrit Sufi...preserve its oral culture via Wikitongues，too.”可知，普雷舍斯和苏菲都通过互联网技术帮助防止语言消失。
√
5．What may be the reason for the downfall of Angika according to Sufi
A．Decline in population.
B．Lack of job -market demands.
C．Prejudice against Angika.
D．Absence of formal education.
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“They're ashamed to speak it...seeing Angika beneath dominant languages.”可推知，苏菲认为对该语言的偏见导致了该语言的衰败。
√
6．What is the toughest thing facing activists about an endangered language
A．Promoting its use.
B．Building community cooperation.
C．Obtaining financial support.
D．Getting advanced recording devices.
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Despite such preservation, activists then have to persuade people to use a language—a major challenge.”可知，对于濒危语言，活动人士面临的最大难题是促进其使用。
√
7．What is Precious' attitude towards the Igbo rescue move
A．Skeptical. B．Positive.
C．Pessimistic. D．Uncaring.
观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“But efforts to save it have worked—the language is flowering again.”可推知，普雷舍斯对伊博语的拯救行动持积极态度。
√
专题一 阅读理解
[研高考·辨考向]
考试
年份 试卷名称 考查体裁 题目类型
细节理解题 推断判断题 主旨大意题 词句猜测题
2025 新高考全国卷Ⅰ 说明文；记叙文；议论文；说明文 6 7 1 1
新高考全国卷Ⅱ 应用文；记叙文；说明文；说明文 8 4 2 1
考试
年份 试卷名称 考查体裁 题目类型
细节理解题 推断判断题 主旨大意题 词句猜测题
2024 新高考全国卷Ⅰ 应用文；记叙文；议论文；说明文 9 4 1 1
新高考全国卷Ⅱ 应用文；记叙文；说明文；书评 7 6 1 1
考试
年份 试卷名称 考查体裁 题目类型
细节理解题 推断判断题 主旨大意题 词句猜测题
2023 新高考全国卷Ⅰ 应用文；记叙文；说明文；议论文 6 7 1 1
新高考全国卷Ⅱ 应用文；记叙文；说明文；说明文 8 5 1 1
[抓规律·找依据]
第一讲 细节理解题——
定位信息找答案
一、题型特点需了解
[题型分析]
细节理解题考查理解具体信息，在阅读总题量中占比较大，是最重要的得分点。细节理解题的命题方法有很多，如可能是对某个细节用同义结构转换后进行考查，也可能是将文章中的几个细节放在一起要求学生判断是非或对几个细节进行排序等。主要考查直接细节题、间接细节题、数字计算题等。考查方式灵活，常见的设问形式有：
1．特殊疑问句形式，常以when、where、what、which、who、how等疑问词开头引出问题；
2．填空题形式，通常涉及与主题有关的事实或细节；
3．数字询问，就文中的数字进行提问。
[选项特征]
1．正确选项特征
同义替换 与原文关键信息相同含义的不同表达
信息归纳 对分散或复杂的信息进行概括或比较
正话反说 把原文中的意思反过来表达
原文原词 利用原文原词作为正确选项
2.干扰选项特征
张冠李戴 是原文信息，但不是题目要求的内容
无中生有 符合常识，但不是文章的内容
曲解文意 极其相似但是细节处与原文有出入
颠倒是非 在意思上与原文大相径庭或者完全相反
正误参半 部分正确，部分错误
二、方法技巧要知晓
题型一 直接细节题
直接细节题主要针对文中涉及的某个具体事物、人物、时间、地点、原因、结果等提问。
[典例1] (2025·新高考全国卷Ⅱ阅读A片段)
Hereford, Herefordshire
Hereford has remained a lively market town since 1189. Skirting the town square, you'll find lovely shops, eateries, and the Black and White House Museum.The Hereford Cathedral is the most impressive building in town. It's also home to an ancient library. One of the four original copies of the Magna Carta is displayed there.
21．Where can you find an original copy of the Magna Carta
A.In the Ludlow Castle.
B.In the Foodie Center of England.
C.In the Hereford Cathedral.
D.In the Black and White House Museum.
√
[解析] 第一步：阅读题干，找出关键词original copy of the Magna Carta。
第二步：根据关键词，定位到原文中的“The Hereford Cathedral is the most impressive building in town. It's also home to an ancient library. One of the four original copies of the Magna Carta is displayed there.”可知，在赫里福德大教堂可以找到《大宪章》的原件。
第三步：比对选项得出答案。
技法点拨：
题型二 间接细节题
间接细节题是直接信息的转述、原文信息的间接表达、直接信息背后隐含内容的表达。
[典例2] (2025·新高考全国卷Ⅰ阅读A片段)
This energy transition (变革) is global, and the amount of renewable energy the world will need is “a little bit mind -blowing，” says mechanical engineer Keith Wipke at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. It's estimated that the global demand for electricity could more than double by 2050. Fortunately, analyses suggest that renewables are up to the task. “We need to speed up the development of green energy, and it will all get used，” says Wipke.
23．What does Wipke suggest regarding energy transition
A.Limiting fuel consumption.
B.Putting more effort into renewables.
C.Improving energy efficiency.
D.Making electricity more affordable.
√
[解析] 第一步：阅读题干，找出关键词Wipke、regarding energy transition。
第二步：根据关键词，定位到原文中的“‘We need to speed up the development of green energy, and it will all get used，’ says Wipke.”可知，卫普克建议加快绿色能源的发展，通过语义转换可知，加大对可再生能源的投入。
第三步：比对选项得出答案。
技法点拨：
题型三 数字计算题
此类试题要求考生对具体细节信息，尤其是对相关的时间、数量等数字和信息进行分析和理解，利用加、减、乘、除等运算方法进行计算，但此类试题重点不在于计算，而在于考查考生对具体细节信息的处理能力，因此考生在解题时必须找出计算背后所隐含的信息。
[典例3] (2025·新高考全国卷 Ⅰ 阅读A片段)
Moving goods and people around the world is responsible for a large part of global CO2 emissions (排放). As the world races to decarbonize everything, it faces particular problems with transportation—which accounts for about a quarter of our energy -related greenhouse gas emissions. Here's the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport.
21．What percentage of global transport emissions did road vehicles account for in 2018
A.11.6%. B．45.1%.
C.74.5%. D．86.1%.
√
[解析] 第一步：阅读题干，找出关键词What percentage of global transport emissions、 road vehicles、 in 2018。
第二步：根据关键词，定位到原文中的“Here's the breakdown of the emissions in 2018 for different modes of transport.”、“ROAD(PASSENGER)45.1%”及“ROAD(GOODS)29.4%”。由此可知，用加法计算得出答案，即45.1%＋29.4%＝74.5%。
第三步：比对选项得出答案。
技法点拨：
课堂新体验
A
体裁 主题语境 难度
应用文 安德森小屋度假中心 ★★☆☆☆
(2025·苏北七市第三次调研)
Anderson Lodge
About
Anderson Lodge is a family run facility owned by Arvid and Vicki Anderson. It has two separate facilities: the Main Lodge and the Hilltop House. Anderson Lodge opened as a retreat center in November of 2004. As you scroll through the many photos on our site, you are thinking, “How beautiful！” Anderson Lodge is beautiful! But the photos don't do it justice. There is nothing like seeing the tall trees with moss cascading elegantly at the Main Lodge or viewing the scenic mountain at our Hilltop House site.
The Main Lodge and the Hilltop House are self -contained and are a mile apart. There are single beds and double beds respectively. Groups enjoy the quality accommodations well suited for groups ranging from 20-80 overnight guests and more! We have private rooms, family rooms, dorm -style rooms and cabins. Please contact us for a tour. You will see for yourself how magical Anderson Lodge truly is.
Pricing
Overnight pricing chart Base price per night Guests covered in base price Price for additional guests above base
Main Lodge or Hilltop House $825 15 Up to 50: $10 per person
After 50: $8 per person
Directions
·Standard check- in: 2：00 pm. Early check -in of 12：00 pm may be permitted (no cost) if schedule allows.
·Standard check- out: 10：00 am. Check -out after 12：00 pm, at $100/hr.
·Anderson Lodge has a no -pet policy. The pet is not allowed to stay. Service animals are permitted.
·Lower the volume of music and attendees by 12：00 pm. You are to bring the party indoors by 12：00 pm.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。文章围绕安德森小屋这一度假中心展开，详细介绍了其基本信息、设施、价格、入住和退房规定等内容。
1．What do we know about Anderson Lodge
A.It has a long history.
B.It runs photo contests.
C.It is suitable for gatherings.
D.It works with a travel agency.
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Groups enjoy the quality accommodations well suited for groups ranging from 20-80 overnight guests and more！”可知，安德森小屋度假中心适合团体聚会。
√
2．What's the charge for a two -night stay at Hilltop House for a group of 25 guests
A.$2，350. B．$1，850.
C.$1，750. D．$1，650.
数字计算题。根据Pricing部分中的“Base price per night: $825”、“Guests covered in base price: 15”以及“Price for additional guests above base: Up to 50: $10 per person”可知，25人团体，基础价格涵盖15人，超出的人数为25－15 ＝ 10人；超出的人数在50人以内，所以这10人每人每晚10美元，所以两晚的费用为(825 ＋ 10×10)×2 ＝ 1850美元。
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3．What are guests required to do
A.Bring service animals.
B.Check out after 12：00 pm.
C.Reduce noise after midnight.
D.Arrive prior to check -in time.
细节理解题。根据Directions部分中的“Lower the volume of music and attendees by 12：00 pm.”可知，客人需要减少午夜后的噪音。
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B
体裁 主题语境 难度
说明文 互联网技术保护语言 ★★★☆☆
(2025·德州一模)Some of the world's 7，000 languages disappear annually and many are endangered for not being spoken widely in formal settings like schools. A quiet fightback is under way in communities that feel their traditions are drowned out by the dominance of the most globally spoken languages.
Tochi Precious, a Nigerian, says, “It pains me to see a language dying off, because it's not just about the language, but about the history and culture associated with it.” It was the community aspect that brought her to join efforts to save Igbo, an endangered African language. Ensuring there's a substantial record of words and meanings, and how it is written and used is key, according to campaigners like Precious, who aid others in their languages' protection through the organisation Wikitongues.
Amrit Sufi, an Indian speaking Angika, records videos and uploads them to preserve its oral culture via Wikitongues, too. “It's urgent to document and make it accessible, not just stored in a library，” she says. “Oral culture is disappearing as new generations are more subject to consuming industry produced music rather than sitting in groups and singing. They're ashamed to speak it due to a perceived dishonor attached to it, seeing Angika beneath dominant languages.”
Wikitongues focuses on helping document languages using collective resources such as dictionaries and alternative language online encyclopedia (百科全书) entries. The online encyclopedia is favoured by language activists as a way to upload media and build effective and affordable dictionaries.
There are moves to use artificial intelligence to document languages by processing texts and feeding them into chatbots. Many activists create books, videos and munity radio stations also have a long record of providing services in local languages. Despite such preservation, activists then have to persuade people to use a language—a major challenge.
“While Igbo is one of Nigeria's largest languages, parents believe only English is useful for children's future, insisting that if they don't speak English, they appear ignorant and don't belong，” Precious says. “But efforts to save it have worked—the language is flowering again.”
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界上每年都有语言消失，为此有人通过互联网技术来防止语言消失。
4．How do Precious and Sufi help prevent language loss
A．Through national programs.
B．Through word of mouth.
C．Through mass music formats.
D．Through Internet technology.
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Ensuring there's a substantial record...through the organisation Wikitongues．”以及第三段中的“Amrit Sufi...preserve its oral culture via Wikitongues，too.”可知，普雷舍斯和苏菲都通过互联网技术帮助防止语言消失。
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5．What may be the reason for the downfall of Angika according to Sufi
A．Decline in population.
B．Lack of job -market demands.
C．Prejudice against Angika.
D．Absence of formal education.
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“They're ashamed to speak it...seeing Angika beneath dominant languages.”可推知，苏菲认为对该语言的偏见导致了该语言的衰败。
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6．What is the toughest thing facing activists about an endangered language
A．Promoting its use.
B．Building community cooperation.
C．Obtaining financial support.
D．Getting advanced recording devices.
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Despite such preservation, activists then have to persuade people to use a language—a major challenge.”可知，对于濒危语言，活动人士面临的最大难题是促进其使用。
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7．What is Precious' attitude towards the Igbo rescue move
A．Skeptical. B．Positive.
C．Pessimistic. D．Uncaring.
观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“But efforts to save it have worked—the language is flowering again.”可推知，普雷舍斯对伊博语的拯救行动持积极态度。
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