（单元培优卷）Unit 4 Natural disasters 单元全真模拟培优卷-2025 - 2026学年九年级英语下册沪教牛津版(深圳.广州)（含答案解析）
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| 名称 | （单元培优卷）Unit 4 Natural disasters 单元全真模拟培优卷-2025 - 2026学年九年级英语下册沪教牛津版(深圳.广州)（含答案解析） |
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| 更新时间 | 2026-03-10 00:00:00 | ||
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/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
2025-2026学年九年级英语下册单元全真模拟培优卷沪教牛津版
Unit 4 Natural disasters
注意事项：
1．本试卷共七大题，满分120分（不含听力口语30分），考试用时100分钟；
2．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考点名称、考场号、座位号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在相对应的位置上，并认真核对条形码上的准考号、姓名是否与本人的相符合；
3．答选择题必须用2B铅笔把对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案；答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在指定的位置上，不在答题区域内的答案一律无效，不得用其他笔答题。
第一部分 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
Typhoons (台风) are 1 storms with strong winds and heavy rain. They often hit Hainan in summer and autumn, and bring 2 like floods and broken trees. Here is some advice 3 staying safe around typhoons.
First, listen to weather reports to know when the storm will 4 . Second, prepare enough food, water and a first-aid box. Also, make sure your windows and doors are 5 .
Stay indoors, away from windows—strong winds may 6 windows. Turn off TVs, computers and so on. If floodwaters enter your home, move to a 7 place at once.
Wait until it is reported to be safe for going out. Check around carefully for dangers such as broken glass. When helping 8 , wear gloves and ask adults for help to stay safe.
Typhoons can be dangerous, 9 being well prepared saves lives! Follow the advice above to protect yourself and your family. Remember, 10 the right decision can help to keep you safe.
1．A．light B．powerful C．quiet D．much
2．A．dangers B．chances C．messages D．news
3．A．on B．in C．from D．at
4．A．go B．get C．turn D．arrive
5．A．big B．open C．closed D．small
6．A．make B．break C．fix D．keep
7．A．closer B．higher C．farther D．lower
8．A．clean up B．use up C．give up D．look up
9．A．because B．and C．or D．but
10．A．make B．made C．makes D．making
第二部分 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Ragasa (桦加沙), the 18th typhoon of 2025, was a super typhoon with the maximum wind near the center reaching above level 17.
Ragasa was predicted to bring extreme rainfall to southern coastal areas of China, with minimal effects on northern areas. While the typhoon’s effects were expected to end by late September, another typhoon moving west into the South China Sea could affect the area in early October and might bring further wind and rain, requiring continued vigilance (警戒).
Although Typhoon warnings would be cancelled as Ragasa weakened after landing, heavy rain and strong winds might still cause secondary disasters such as flooding, mudslides and landslides. Close attention was still essential. Generally, typhoons generated from June to August are classified as “summer typhoons”, while those formed from September to November are referred to as “autumn typhoons”. From 1949 to 2024, there were 867 “summer typhoons”, making it the most active season for typhoons. “Autumn typhoons” totalled 859, accounting for 49.8% of typhoons of each year, and ranking the second-most active period, China Media Group reported.
Ragasa is an “autumn typhoon”. According to weather data from 1949 to 2024, “autumn typhoons” tend to be stronger and have a greater effect compared to the summer ones, according to CMG.
From August to September, the tropical (热带的) ocean temperatures in the Northern Hemisphere (半球) reach the highest point, creating good conditions for typhoon formation and energy increase. As autumn sets in, cold air becomes more active, speeding up the wind near the typhoon’s center, further leading to the intensification of the storm. As a result, the possibility of severe or super typhoons happening in the autumn is higher. Additionally, the combination of “autumn typhoons” and cold air can cause intense rainfall, leading to more severe disasters.
11．How does the writer start the passage
A．By listing numbers. B．By giving an example.
C．By stating a fact. D．By telling a story.
12．What might happen in early October based on the passage
A．Ragasa would return with stronger winds.
B．Another typhoon could bring wind and rain.
C．The South China Sea would become calm.
D．Summer typhoons would start to form.
13．What can we infer from Paragraph 3 about Ragasa
A．Once a typhoon weakens, it causes no more danger at all.
B．Typhoons in autumn are much stronger than summer ones.
C．Most typhoons happen during the autumn season each year.
D．The period from June to August sees the most typhoons.
14．What does the underlined word “intensification” most likely mean in paragraph 5
A．The process of becoming stronger.
B．The movement of changing direction
C．The process of becoming weaker.
D．The stop of all storm activities.
15．What is the main purpose of this passage
A．To compare summer typhoons with autumn typhoons.
B．To explain why autumn typhoons are stronger.
C．To provide general knowledge about a super typhoon.
D．To warn people about the disasters caused by typhoons.
B
It may sound hard to believe that animals can predict earthquakes, but many events seem to support this idea.
The earliest record we have of unusual animal behaviour before a big earthquake is from Greece in 373 BC． Rats and weasels (黄鼠狼) reportedly left their homes and headed for safety several days before a powerful earthquake.
On 4th February 1975, Chinese officials ordered people in Haicheng, Liaoning Province to leave their homes and stay outdoors. They believed a disaster was coming, partly because of animals’ strange behaviour. For example, people reported seeing groups of toads (蟾蜍) appear in the streets and hibernating (冬眠的) snakes coming out of the ground. Just hours later, a large 7. 3-magnitude earthquake rocked the city.
Another example happened in December 2004 in a national park in Sri Lanka. The animals seemed to sense that something was wrong that day. The birds flew away for no reason, and the elephants ran to higher ground. A few minutes later, there was a huge earthquake deep under the sea.
However, scientists say that while these are interesting examples of animals behaving strangely before earthquakes, it doesn’t necessarily mean that animals have the ability to predict all disasters. It could just be a reaction. All animals have the instinct (本能) to avoid dangers.
So how do they do it Well, animals have highly developed senses that allow them to pick up on environmental changes that we might not even notice. Some have extremely strong hearing or smell, while others can detect changes in atmospheric pressure (大气压). For example, fish can sense changes in water pressure, so they may jump out of the water or swim in unusual ways before an earthquake.
Although scientists may not agree on animals’ special ability, it doesn’t hurt to pay a little more attention to the animals around you.
16．What scene could be seen before the earthquake in Greece in 373 BC
A．B．C．D．
17．Why did officials ask people in Haicheng to stay outdoors
A．To get the snakes off the streets. B．To get away from the earthquake.
C．To celebrate the coming of winter. D．To watch the strange behaviour of animals.
18．Animals in the national park in Sri Lanka behaved strangely because ________.
A．they were trying to get away from the staff B．they were fighting among themselves
C．they sensed that danger was coming D．they were scared by the earthquake
19．What does the underlined word “detect” in Paragraph 6 mean
A．Notice. B．Prevent. C．Reflect. D．Cause.
20．Which of the following might the author agree with
A．We shouldn’t trust animals.
B．We can use animal behaviour as a reminder.
C．We need to study the special abilities of animals.
D．We should pay no attention to animals’ strange behaviour.
C
2025 Could Be the Hottest Year in History
Data (数据) shows that 2024 was the hottest year since 1961. The average temperature in the country reached 10.92℃ last year, which is 1.03℃ higher than the usual average, according to official records.
Global warming is the main reason for China’s higher-than-normal temperatures. It has caused rising sea levels, melting ice, and more extreme (极端的) weather, including longer heat waves and fewer cold days. The El Ni o phenomenon (厄尔尼诺现象) —the warming of water in the Pacific Ocean—also adds to rising temperatures.
A 1℃ rise in temperature has a strong influence on nature. Sea levels may rise by 2.3 meters over time, putting coastal areas in danger. Higher temperatures also harm wild crops and bring more pests (害虫). Some animals and plants may die out. Higher temperatures may temporarily increase crop production in some places. However, in the long term, farming will face bigger changes and possible decreases.
Illnesses related to heat, like heatstroke (热射病), is becoming more common. Longer heat waves lead to higher death rates, showing the need for better healthcare and ways to prevent harm.
The year 2025 seems to continue with higher-than-normal temperatures. On New Year’s Day, temperatures in areas south of the Yangtze River were over 15℃, far from the cold usually expected in winter. To deal with these problems, experts suggest developing technology to follow and predict extreme weather, like heat waves, to reduce risks.
21．How does the writer introduce the topic
A．By sharing experts’ opinion. B．By showing official data.
C．By giving examples of extreme weather. D．By telling a personal story.
22．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A．What global warming is.
B．What extreme weather is.
C．What causes China’s higher-than-normal temperatures.
D．What the El Ni o phenomenon is.
23．What does the word “temporarily” mean
A．In a special period. B．For a short time. C．At the same time. D．For a long time.
24．Which of the following is TRUE according to the last paragraph
A．China will experience a colder-than-usual winter in 2025.
B．On New Year’s Day, temperatures all over China were over 15℃.
C．Global warming has no influence on nature.
D．High-tech products may deal with problems caused by the rising temperatures.
25．What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To guess the exact temperature of 2025.
B．To explain the causes and effects of rising temperatures.
C．To point out that people don’t do enough to fight climate change.
D．To compare the weather in different parts of China.
D
In early 2008, it was still winter in the northern hemisphere, but because of the “La Ni a” phenomenon, southern China had a lot of humid (潮湿) air. This met with cold air from the north, especially south of the Yangtze River. Normally, in the spring, this mix of air can lead to heavy rains, but since it was winter, the humid air met the cold weather and caused a lot of snow and freezing temperatures in southern China.
Snow is very rare in most parts of southern China, and people there usually worry about droughts (干旱) or floods, not snow or ice. But in early January 2008, snow started to fall in some southern areas. People were surprised at first, but when strong winds mixed with the snow, it turned into a disaster.
Starting in January, over 20 provinces in central and western China had heavy snow for nearly a month. The snow and ice caused serious problems with transportation, electricity, and communications. The snow was followed by ice, which was even worse. The ice built up, causing buildings to collapse, cars to freeze, and roads to block (封锁). In some areas, the power lines broke, and trains could not run.
Chenzhou in southern Hunan was one of the worst-hit places. The city lost electricity, and everything stopped. As the Spring Festival came, millions of people were stuck in trains or at train stations. The roads were blocked, and food and water were hard to find. The government quickly sent rescue teams to help, and people worked together to survive.
The snowstorm affected millions of people and caused great damage. But it led to big improvements in China’s infrastructure (基建). It helped develop stronger power lines, more high-speed trains, and better weather forecasting. These changes have made disaster management easier and reduced the risk of future problems.
26．What caused the snowstorm in southern China in early 2008
A．The “La Ni a” phenomenon. B．Heavy rains during the winter season.
C．Strong winds from the north. D．A change in seasonal weather patterns.
27．What was unusual about the snowstorm in southern China
A．It happened in summer. B．Snow is rare in southern China.
C．It mainly affected northern China. D．It was caused by a typhoon.
28．What was the main impact of the snowstorm on transportation
A．Trains stopped running, and roads were blocked.
B．More trains were added to help with transportation.
C．Flights became more frequent in affected areas.
D．People could travel by bus more easily.
29．What improvements were made in China after the snowstorm
A．More high-speed trains, stronger power lines, and better weather forecasting.
B．Roads were built higher to prevent flooding and improve safety.
C．The government started building more schools to improve education.
D．Enough Food and water were well prepared in case of disasters.
30．What does the last paragraph teach us
A．Weather forecasting is not important for disaster management.
B．Snowstorms always cause very serious damage.
C．The government should focus on better healthcare.
D．Disasters can lead to positive changes and improvements.
第三部分 信息还原（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Natural disasters (灾害) are a part of our world. They can cause great harm to people and the environment. 31
Earthquakes happen when the Earth’s crust moves. They can make buildings fall and hurt many people. In 2008, the Wenchuan earthquake in China brought huge losses. 32 We should stay away from windows and heavy things when it happens. If we’re outside, we should stay an open area.
Floods are also common. Heavy rain can cause floods. 33 They can wash away houses and bridges. When a flood comes, we must move to higher places quickly. We should also prepare some food and water in advance.
Typhoons are strong winds with rain. They often come in summer. Typhoons can blow down trees and destroy houses. 34 We need to close windows and stay inside when a typhoon is nearby.
35 We can’t stop them from happening, but we can learn how to protect ourselves. By knowing what to do in different disasters, we can reduce the damage and stay safe.
A．We can use the same way to face different disasters.
B．These floods can cover large areas of land.
C．We should listen to weather reports and be ready for them.
D．So earthquakes are one of the most serious natural disasters.
E．People can’t do anything when natural disasters happen.
F．In short, natural disasters are always around us.
G．However, people can do something when natural disasters happen.
第四部分 词汇运用（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
第一节 根据下列句子所给汉语注释或首字母，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。
36．After drinking two cups of coffee, I was wide ________ (醒着的) for the next 10 hours.
37．She asked everyone to stop talking and listen ________. (立刻)
38．Is the dog ________ (活着) after the earthquake
39．The environment in our city is destroyed ________ (严重地).
40．The ________ (地震) is one of the most terrible natural disasters. Its results can be very serious.
41．All of us don’t know if she was d________ or alive.
42．I need a football c________ to teach me how to play football well.
43．Can you tell me the names of the o________ in English in this room
44．It’s good m_________ to help people when they are in trouble.
45．I like Movie Plaza because it has the biggest s_______. So you can see the most clearly.
请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。
they, call, safe, without, hero, on, during, road, alone, brave, public, make
During Typhoon “Huajiasha”, Taishan faced a natural disaster of great power. To keep everyone 46 , the government announced the “Five Stops” order. This meant all 47 activities were stopped and people had to stay indoors.
In a mountain village, a young couple were 48 at home when the wife suddenly went into a coma (陷入昏迷). The storm was so strong that no one could come to help them immediately. They felt scared and helpless. This was a true test of staying 49 and calm during an emergency (紧急情况).
Upon hearing the news, a team of special police and doctors set off to the village 50 any hesitation (犹豫). They managed to get through the dangerous 51 and finally reached the family. Thanks to 52 heroic efforts, a healthy baby boy was born 53 the storm.
To remember this special event and thank the 54 , the parents decided to 55 their son “Tingfeng”, which means the sound of thunder and the spirit of a pioneer. This story has warmed the hearts of people all over the country.
第五部分 短文填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，根据上下文或括号内单词等提示，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。
Over the last two days, much of Spain has been coated with dust, and the skies 56 (turn) bright orange. A huge cloud of dust from the Sahara Desert is causing the strange weather. The dust cloud is 57 (expect) to spread to other parts of Europe.
Across much of Spain on Tuesday morning, a thin layer (层) of red dust coated everything outside. From streets to sidewalks, everything was covered with a layer of dust. This included cars, buses, trees, and plants.
As the sun rose, the dust in the air turned the skies in some cities bright orange. The cause of the dust and unusual sky color wasn’t a forest fire, 58 dust from the Sahara Desert.
Every year a large cloud of dust rises from the Sahara Desert. It’s called the Saharan Air Layer. Usually, it crosses the Atlantic Ocean as part of a 59 (nature) cycle that helps develop farmland and 60 (beach) in Central and South America.
But sometimes, 61 (depend) on the weather, the layer of dust gets forced to the north. Large sandstorms in northern Africa lift sand and dust into the air, 62 it gets blown toward Spain. This kind of storm is so strong that it can be seen from space. It’s like a river of dust in the air.
Spain’s weather service described the dust storm as “very intense”. At one point on Tuesday, the air quality in Madrid was the 63 (bad) in the world. Government health experts warned people not to go outside 64 a mask, and to keep their windows and doors closed at home.
Some weather experts warn 65 (serious) that climate change could make dust storms from the Sahara desert even more intense in the future.
阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。
When disaster strikes, such as earthquakes, floods or fires, it’s important to know how to keep safe. Here are some safety tips for different disasters.
First, for earthquakes.
When an earthquake happens, if you are indoors, you should stay calm and hide under a strong table or desk quickly. You should stay away from windows, mirrors and heavy furniture (家具) because they may fall down and hurt you. Don’t use the lift. If you are outdoors, you should stay away from buildings, trees and power lines. You should stand in an open area and wait for the earthquake to stop.
Second, for floods.
If there is a flood warning, you should move to higher ground quickly. You should take important things with you, such as food, water and clothes. Don’t walk or drive through deep water because you may be washed away. Don’t swim in floodwater because it’s dangerous.
Third, for fires.
When a fire breaks out, you should cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel to avoid breathing in smoke. You should stay low to the ground because smoke rises. You should use the stairs instead of the lift. If you can’t get out, you should stay in a room with the door closed and call for help. Don’t jump out of the window unless it’s the only way to get out of a fire.
It’s important to remember these safety methods. They can help us keep safe when disasters strike.
66．What should you do indoors when an earthquake happens (两种情况即可得分)
67．If there is a flood, where should we move to
68．Why shouldn’t we swim in floods
69．How can you protect yourself from smoke if a fire breaks out (两种情况即可得分)
70．What should you do if you cannot get out of a fire
书面表达（共1题；满分25分）
71．学校创办的英文专刊正以“How Much do You Know about Earthquake”为题征集稿件，请围绕以下视角写一篇稿件投稿。
要点：
1．在2023年12月18日，甘肃发生了一场大的地震，很多人无家可归；
2．地震经常发生在板块活跃的区域，主要是由板块之间的运动造成的；
3．地震很难预测，但也有一些信号，比如动物行为异常，水位变化等；
4．地震的破坏性很大，会造成建筑物倒塌、人员伤亡、财物损失等情况；
5．我们平时要多了解关于地震的相关知识，降低地震带来的破坏性。
提示：板块运动：plate【C】 水位：water level 降低：lower 【V.】 破坏性：destructiveness【U】
要求：1）所写内容必须包括要点中所提供的信息，并可作适当的发挥。
2）词数80词左右，不得出现真实的人名、校名、地名等相关信息。
How Much do You Know about Earthquake
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参考答案及试题解析
1．B 2．A 3．A 4．D 5．C 6．B 7．B 8．A 9．D 10．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了台风的危害以及台风来临前、来临时和过后的安全防护措施，旨在提醒人们做好充分准备以保护自身和家人的安全。
1．句意：台风是带有强风和暴雨的强大风暴。
light轻的；powerful强大的；quiet安静的；much多的。根据“with strong winds and heavy rain”可知，台风是很强大的。故选B。
2．句意：它们常在夏秋季节袭击海南，并带来如洪水和树木折断等危险。
dangers危险；chances机会；messages信息；news新闻。根据“like floods and broken trees”可知，是带来危险。故选A。
3．句意：以下是一些关于在台风期间保持安全的建议。
on关于；in在……里；from来自；at在……点。根据“Here is some advice...staying safe around typhoons.”可知，这是一些关于在台风期间保持安全的建议。“关于某事的建议”用advice on/about sth.，固定搭配。故选A。
4．句意：首先，收听天气预报以了解风暴何时到达。
go去；get得到；turn转变；arrive到达。根据“know when the storm will...”可知， 知道风暴何时到达。故选D。
5．句意：同时，确保你的门窗是关闭的。
big大的；open打开的；closed关闭的；small小的。台风来临时，应关好门窗以防风雨。故选C。
6．句意：待在室内，远离窗户——强风可能会打破窗户。
make制造；break打破；fix修理；keep保持。由“strong winds”可知，强风可能导致窗户“破碎”。故选B。
7．句意：如果洪水进入家中，立即转移到更高的地方。
closer更近的；higher更高的；farther更远的；lower更低的。根据“ If floodwaters enter your home, move to a...place at once.”可知，洪水来时应转移到“更高的”地方。故选B。
8．句意：在帮助清理时，戴上手套并向成年人求助以确保安全。
clean up清理；use up用光；give up放弃；look up查阅。根据“Check around carefully for dangers such as broken glass.”可知，台风过后可能需要“清理”环境。故选A。
9．句意：台风可能是危险的，但做好充分准备能挽救生命！
because因为；and和，表并列；or或者，表选择；but但是，表转折。由“can be dangerous”和“being well prepared”可知前后句意存在转折关系。故选D。
10．句意：记住，做出正确的决定有助于保证你的安全。
make动词原形；made过去式；makes第三人称单数；making动名词/现在分词。由“the right decision can”可知，此处应该为动名词短语作主语。故选D。
11．C 12．B 13．D 14．A 15．C
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了2025年第18号超强台风“桦加沙”（Ragasa）的基本情况，探讨了秋台风的特点、强度成因（如海洋温度高、冷空气活跃等），并提醒持续警惕后续灾害。
11．推理判断题。根据文章开头“Ragasa, the 18th typhoon of 2025, was a super typhoon with the maximum wind near the center reaching above level 17.”可知，作者通过陈述一个事实（台风Ragasa的基本信息）来开始文章。故选C。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段“...another typhoon moving west into the South China Sea could affect the area in early October and might bring further wind and rain...”可知，十月初可能有另一个台风带来风雨。故选B。
13．推理判断题。根据第三段“From 1949 to 2024, there were 867 ‘summer typhoons’, making it the most active season for typhoons.”可知，从六月到八月（夏季）是台风最活跃的季节。故选D。
14．词句猜测题。根据第五段“As autumn sets in, cold air becomes more active, speeding up the wind near the typhoon’s center, further leading to the intensification of the storm.”可知，冷空气活动加速台风中心附近的风速，进一步导致风暴的“增强”。“intensification”在这里表示“加强，强化”的意思。故选A。
15．主旨大意题。全文围绕超强台风Ragasa展开，介绍了其强度、可能影响、所属的秋台风类别特点以及秋台风更强的科学原因，旨在提供关于这个超强台风的一般性知识。故选C。
16．C 17．B 18．C 19．A 20．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了动物在地震前表现出异常行为的现象，并探讨了动物是否具有预测地震的能力。
16．细节理解题。根据“The earliest record we have of unusual animal behaviour before a big earthquake is from Greece in 373 BC. Rats and weasels (黄鼠狼) reportedly left their homes and headed for safety several days before a powerful earthquake.”可知，公元前373年希腊地震前，老鼠和黄鼠狼离开了它们的家园，前往安全的地方。故选C。
17．细节理解题。根据“On 4th February 1975, Chinese officials ordered people in Haicheng, Liaoning Province to leave their homes and stay outdoors. They believed a disaster was coming...”可知，官员们要求人们待在户外是为了躲避即将到来的灾难。故选B。
18．细节理解题。根据“Another example happened in December 2004 in a national park in Sri Lanka. The animals seemed to sense that something was wrong that day.”可知，斯里兰卡国家公园的动物们表现出异常行为是因为它们感知到了危险即将来临。故选C。
19．词义猜测题。根据“...while others can detect changes in atmospheric pressure (大气压). For example, fish can sense changes in water pressure...”可知，此处举例的鱼能察觉到变化，由此可知此处指其他动物能察觉到变化，detect的意思是“察觉”或“注意到”。故选A。
20．推理判断题。根据“...it doesn’t hurt to pay a little more attention to the animals around you.”可知，多关注一下周围的动物并没有什么坏处，由此可知作者认为动物的行为也不是完全不可信的，可以将动物的异常行为作为一种提醒。故选B。
21．B 22．C 23．B 24．D 25．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要阐述全球变暖和厄尔尼诺现象致中国气温异常升高及其对自然、农业、健康等方面的影响，并提及2025年气温持续偏高趋势及专家应对建议。
21．细节理解题。根据“Data (数据) shows that 2024 was the hottest year since 1961. The average temperature in the country reached 10.92℃ last year, which is 1.03℃ higher than the usual average, according to official records.”可知，作者是通过展示官方数据来引入话题的。故选B。
22．主旨大意题。根据“Global warming is the main reason for China’s higher-than-normal temperatures. It has caused rising sea levels, melting ice, and more extreme (极端的) weather, including longer heat waves and fewer cold days. The El Ni o phenomenon (厄尔尼诺现象) —the warming of water in the Pacific Ocean—also adds to rising temperatures.”可知，第二段主要讲的是导致中国气温高于正常水平的原因。故选C。
23．词义猜测题。根据“Some animals and plants may die out. Higher temperatures may temporarily increase crop production in some places. However, in the long term, farming will face bigger changes and possible decreases.”可知，此处是说高温可能会在某些地方暂时增加作物产量，但从长远来看，农业将面临更大的变化和可能的减产，“temporarily”意为“暂时地，短时间地”，与“For a short time.”意思相近。故选B。
24．推理判断题。根据“To deal with these problems, experts suggest developing technology to follow and predict extreme weather, like heat waves, to reduce risks.”可知，高科技产品可能会处理由气温上升引起的问题，D选项正确。故选D。
25．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了中国气温高于正常水平的原因（全球变暖和厄尔尼诺现象）以及气温上升带来的影响（对自然、农业、人类健康等方面），所以这篇文章的主要目的是解释气温上升的原因和影响。故选B。
26．A 27．B 28．A 29．A 30．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了2008年初中国南方雪灾由“拉尼娜”现象导致罕见暴雪及冰冻天气 。这场灾害对交通、电力及民生造成严重破坏，但促使中国加强基建，包括升级电网、发展高铁和提升气象预报能力 。
26．细节理解题。根据“but because of the “La Ni a” phenomenon, southern China had a lot of humid (潮湿) air.”可知，雪暴是由于拉尼娜现象导致的潮湿空气与北方冷空气相遇而产生的。故选A。
27．细节理解题。根据“Snow is very rare in most parts of southern China”可知，暴风雪在中国南方是不寻常的。故选B。
28．细节理解题。根据“The snow and ice caused serious problems with transportation, electricity, and communications. The snow was followed by ice, which was even worse. The ice built up, causing buildings to collapse, cars to freeze, and roads to block (封锁).”可知，雪暴导致火车停运和道路封锁。故选A。
29．细节理解题。根据“It helped develop stronger power lines, more high-speed trains, and better weather forecasting”可知，雪暴之后中国在高速铁路、电力线路和天气预报方面进行的改进。故选A。
30．推理判断题。根据“But it led to big improvements in China’s infrastructure.”可知，灾害虽然带来了破坏，但也促使了中国基础设施的改进，即灾难可以带来积极的变化和改善。故选D。
31．G 32．D 33．B 34．C 35．F
【导语】本文主要介绍了自然灾害以及人们在自然灾害发生时可以做的事情。
31．根据“Natural disasters (灾害) are a part of our world. They can cause great harm to people and the environment.”可知，此处应是说虽然自然灾害会带来危害，但人们并非完全无能为力，选项G“然而，当自然灾害发生时，人们可以做一些事情。”符合语境，引出了下文关于应对自然灾害的描述。故选G。
32．根据“Earthquakes happen when the Earth’s crust moves. They can make buildings fall and hurt many people. In 2008, the Wenchuan earthquake in China brought huge losses.”可知，此处应是说地震带来的危害大，所以地震属于严重的自然灾害，选项D“所以地震是最严重的自然灾害之一。”符合语境。故选D。
33．根据“Floods are also common. Heavy rain can cause floods.”以及“They can wash away houses and bridges.”可知，此处应是说洪水造成的影响，选项B“这些洪水可以淹没大片土地。”符合语境。故选B。
34．根据“Typhoons are strong winds with rain. They often come in summer. Typhoons can blow down trees and destroy houses.”以及“We need to close windows and stay inside when a typhoon is nearby.”可知，此处应是说面对台风等自然灾害，人们应该提前做好准备，选项C“我们应该听天气预报并做好准备。”符合语境。故选C。
35．根据“We can’t stop them from happening, but we can learn how to protect ourselves. By knowing what to do in different disasters, we can reduce the damage and stay safe.”可知，此处应是对全文进行总结，强调自然灾害总是在我们身边，我们要学会保护自己，选项F“总之，自然灾害总是在我们身边。”符合语境。故选F。
36．awake
【解析】句意：喝完两杯咖啡后，我接下来10个小时都完全醒着的。“醒着的”awake，此处为形容词作表语。故填awake。
37．at once/immediately
【解析】句意：她要求大家立即停止谈话，听她说。根据中文提示，可知是at once/immediately“立刻”，修饰动词listen。故填at once/immediately。
38．alive
【解析】句意：地震后那条狗还活着吗？alive“活着的”，形容词作表语。故填alive。
39．badly
【解析】句意：我们城市的环境被严重破坏。“严重地”badly，副词修饰动词。故填badly。
40．earthquake
【解析】句意：地震是最可怕的自然灾害之一。其后果可能非常严重。earthquake“地震”，可数名词。结合本句be动词is为三单形式，所以主语应用单数形式，与之对应。故填earthquake。
41．(d)ead
【解析】句意：我们都不知道她是死是活。根据“she was...or alive”及首字母提示可知，此处应用形容词；dead“逝去的”，形容词，作表语。故填(d)ead。
42．(c)oach
【解析】句意：我需要一名足球教练来教我如何踢好足球。根据“I need a football c... to teach me how to play football well.”和首字母可知，此处应表示的是“一名足球教练”，所以此空应填入名词的单数形式coach“教练”。故填(c)oach。
43．(o)bjects
【解析】句意：你能用英语告诉我这个房间里物品的名字吗？根据“the names of the … in English in this room”及首字母可知，此处指房间里物品的名字，object“物品”，根据names可知，此空也应填名词复数形式，故填(o)bjects。
44．(m)anners
【解析】句意：在人们遇到困难时帮助他们是一种礼貌。根据“It’s good…to help people when they are in trouble.”以及首字母提示可知，manner意为“礼貌”，名词，此处应用复数形式。故填(m)anners。
45．(s)creen
【解析】句意：我喜欢Plaza影院，因为它有最大的屏幕。所以你可以看得最清楚。根据“So you can see the most clearly.”和首字母s可知，要想看得清楚，应是有大屏幕，screen“屏幕”，故填(s)creen。
46．safe 47．public 48．alone 49．brave 50．without 51．roads 52．their 53．during 54．heroes 55．call
【导语】本文讲述了台风“华沙”期间，泰山遭遇强自然灾害，一对山村夫妇在家中遭遇紧急情况，特警和医生团队无畏艰险前往救援，最终婴儿平安降生，夫妇为感谢救援人员给孩子取名“听风”的暖心故事。
46．句意：为了保障所有人的安全，政府宣布了“五停”令。根据“keep everyone”和备选词可知，此处指保障人们的安全，safe“安全的”符合语境。故填safe。
47．句意：这意味着所有公共活动都将停止，人们必须待在室内。根据“activities were stopped”和备选词可知，此处指停止各类公共活动，public“公共的”符合语境，在此处修饰名词activities。故填public。
48．句意：在一个山村，一对年轻夫妇独自在家时，妻子突然陷入昏迷。根据“a young couple were…at home”和备选词可知，指夫妇二人独自在家，alone“独自地”符合语境。故填alone。
49．句意：这是对紧急情况下保持勇敢和冷静的真正考验。根据“staying…and calm”和备选词可知，此处指在紧急情况中保持勇敢，brave“勇敢的”符合语境。故填 brave。
50．句意：得知消息后，一支特警和医生队伍毫不犹豫地出发前往村庄。根据“set off…any hesitation”和备选词可知，此处指一支特警和医生队伍毫不犹豫地出发前往村庄，without hesitation“毫不犹豫”，固定搭配。故填without。
51．句意：他们成功穿过了危险的道路，最终抵达了这户人家。根据“get through the dangerous” 和备选词可知，指台风中危险的道路，road“道路”符合语境，路不止一条，应用复数。故填roads。
52．句意：多亏了他们的英勇努力，一个健康的男婴在暴风雨期间降生了。根据“Thanks to…heroic efforts”和备选词可知，此处需填形容词性物主代词指代前文的special police and doctors，应用they“他们”的形容词性物主代词their“他们的”。故填their。
53．句意：多亏了他们的英勇努力，一个健康的男婴在暴风雨期间降生了。根据“was born…the storm”和备选词可知，指婴儿在台风期间出生，during“在……期间”符合语境。故填during。
54．句意：为了纪念这一特殊事件并感谢这些英雄，父母决定给他们的儿子取名“听风”。根据“thank the”和备选词可知，此处需填名词复数指代救援的特警和医生，hero“英雄”的复数形式 heroes“英雄们”符合语境。故填heroes。
55．句意：为了纪念这一特殊事件并感谢这些英雄，父母决定给他们的儿子取名“听风”。根据“decided to…their son ‘Tingfeng’”和备选词可知，此处指给他们的儿子取名，call“称呼、命名”符合语境，动词不定式后接动词原形。故填call。
56．have turned 57．expected 58．but 59．natural 60．beaches 61．depending 62．and 63．worst 64．without 65．seriously
【导语】本文主要讲述了西班牙近期遭遇的撒哈拉沙漠沙尘暴天气。
56．句意：过去两天，西班牙大部分地区被灰尘覆盖，天空变成了明亮的橙色。根据“Over the last two days”可知，句子时态是现在完成时，主语是复数，have turned符合句意，故填have turned。
57．句意：预计沙尘云将蔓延到欧洲其他地区。根据“The dust cloud is”可知，此处是一般现在时的被动语态，需要过去分词，expected符合句意，故填expected。
58．句意：造成这种灰尘和异常天空颜色的不是森林火灾，而是来自撒哈拉沙漠的沙尘。根据“dust from the Sahara Desert”可知，前后转折关系，but符合句意，故填but。
59．句意：通常，它会横跨大西洋，作为一种自然循环的一部分，帮助中美洲和南美洲发展农田和海滩。根据“cycle that helps develop farmland”可知，形容词作定语，natural符合句意，故填natural。
60．句意：通常，它会横跨大西洋，作为一种自然循环的一部分，帮助中美洲和南美洲发展农田和海滩。根据“develop farmland and”可知，发展海滩，beach是可数名词，此处需要复数，故填beaches。
61．句意：但有时，根据天气情况，沙尘层会被迫向北移动。根据“the layer of dust gets forced to the north”可知，句子已有谓语动词，此处是非谓语，现在分词作状语，depending符合句意，故填depending。
62．句意：北非的大型沙尘暴将沙尘吹到空中，并被吹向西班牙。根据“it gets blown toward Spain”可知，前后顺承关系，and符合句意，故填and。
63．句意：周二某个时刻，马德里的空气质量是全球最差的。根据“was the”可知，需要最高级，worst符合句意，故填worst。
64．句意：政府卫生专家警告人们不要不戴口罩外出，并建议在家时关好门窗。根据“Government health experts warned people not to go outside”可知，不戴口罩不要外出，without符合句意，故填without。
65．句意：一些气象专家严肃警告，气候变化可能使未来来自撒哈拉沙漠的沙尘暴更加剧烈。根据“Some weather experts warn”可知，副词修饰动词，seriously符合句意，故填seriously。
66．Stay calm and hide under a strong table or desk quickly. Stay away from windows, mirrors and heavy furniture. Don’t use the lift.（任选两种即可） 67．Higher ground. 68．Because it’s dangerous. 69．Cover my mouth and nose with a wet towel. Stay low to the ground. 70．Stay in a room with the door closed and call for help.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在地震、洪水和火灾等灾害发生时如何保持安全，并提供了一些具体的安全建议。
66．根据第二段“…if you are indoors, you should stay calm and hide under a strong table or desk quickly. You should stay away from windows, mirrors and heavy furniture because they may fall down and hurt you.”可知，地震时在室内应保持冷静、迅速躲到结实的桌子或书桌下，并远离窗户、镜子和重家具。此外，该部分还提到“Don’t use the lift.” (不要使用电梯)。故填Stay calm and hide under a strong table or desk quickly. Stay away from windows, mirrors and heavy furniture. Don’t use the lift. (任选两种即可)
67．根据第三段“If there is a flood warning, you should move to higher ground quickly.”可知，如果有洪水预警，应该迅速转移到高地。故填Higher ground.
68．根据第三段“Don’t swim in floodwater because it’s dangerous.”可知，不要在洪水中游泳，因为这很危险。故填Because it’s dangerous.
69．根据第四段“When a fire breaks out, you should cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel to avoid breathing in smoke. You should stay low to the ground because smoke rises.”可知，火灾发生时，可以用湿毛巾捂住口鼻以避免吸入烟雾；应该尽量贴近地面，因为烟雾会上升。题目要求回答两种情况，故可以填Cover my mouth and nose with a wet towel. Stay low to the ground.
70．根据第四段“If you can’t get out, you should stay in a room with the door closed and call for help.”可知，如果无法逃出火灾现场，应该待在门关着的房间里并呼救。故填Stay in a room with the door closed and call for help.
71．例文
How Much do You Know about Earthquake
On December 18th, 2023, a devastating earthquake struck Gansu, leaving many homeless and in despair. Earthquakes happen when the ground shakes because of the movement of the earth’s plates. These plates are always moving, but sometimes they move a lot and cause earthquakes.
It’s not easy to predict when an earthquake will happen, but there are some signs. Animals might act strangely, and water levels might change. Earthquakes can be very destructive. They can make buildings fall down, hurt people, and cause people to lose their things.
We should learn about earthquakes so we can be safer. Knowing about how plates move and what signs to look for can help us get ready. Let’s learn more about earthquakes to reduce their harm.
【解析】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：一般现在时和一般过去时；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考试应注意要求中的内容，充实细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，通过甘肃地震，引入话题；
第二步，具体介绍地震产生的原因，发生时候可能出现的现象以及产生的后果；
第三步，呼吁多学习地震相关知识和安全措施。
[亮点词汇]
①devastating 毁灭性的
②homeless无家可归的
③in despair在绝望中
④movement移动，活动
⑤predict预测
⑥destructive破坏性的
[高分句型]
①Earthquakes happen when the ground shakes because of the movement of the earth’s plates. (时间状语从句)
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/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
2025-2026学年九年级英语下册单元全真模拟培优卷沪教牛津版
Unit 4 Natural disasters
注意事项：
1．本试卷共七大题，满分120分（不含听力口语30分），考试用时100分钟；
2．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考点名称、考场号、座位号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在相对应的位置上，并认真核对条形码上的准考号、姓名是否与本人的相符合；
3．答选择题必须用2B铅笔把对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案；答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在指定的位置上，不在答题区域内的答案一律无效，不得用其他笔答题。
第一部分 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
Typhoons (台风) are 1 storms with strong winds and heavy rain. They often hit Hainan in summer and autumn, and bring 2 like floods and broken trees. Here is some advice 3 staying safe around typhoons.
First, listen to weather reports to know when the storm will 4 . Second, prepare enough food, water and a first-aid box. Also, make sure your windows and doors are 5 .
Stay indoors, away from windows—strong winds may 6 windows. Turn off TVs, computers and so on. If floodwaters enter your home, move to a 7 place at once.
Wait until it is reported to be safe for going out. Check around carefully for dangers such as broken glass. When helping 8 , wear gloves and ask adults for help to stay safe.
Typhoons can be dangerous, 9 being well prepared saves lives! Follow the advice above to protect yourself and your family. Remember, 10 the right decision can help to keep you safe.
1．A．light B．powerful C．quiet D．much
2．A．dangers B．chances C．messages D．news
3．A．on B．in C．from D．at
4．A．go B．get C．turn D．arrive
5．A．big B．open C．closed D．small
6．A．make B．break C．fix D．keep
7．A．closer B．higher C．farther D．lower
8．A．clean up B．use up C．give up D．look up
9．A．because B．and C．or D．but
10．A．make B．made C．makes D．making
第二部分 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Ragasa (桦加沙), the 18th typhoon of 2025, was a super typhoon with the maximum wind near the center reaching above level 17.
Ragasa was predicted to bring extreme rainfall to southern coastal areas of China, with minimal effects on northern areas. While the typhoon’s effects were expected to end by late September, another typhoon moving west into the South China Sea could affect the area in early October and might bring further wind and rain, requiring continued vigilance (警戒).
Although Typhoon warnings would be cancelled as Ragasa weakened after landing, heavy rain and strong winds might still cause secondary disasters such as flooding, mudslides and landslides. Close attention was still essential. Generally, typhoons generated from June to August are classified as “summer typhoons”, while those formed from September to November are referred to as “autumn typhoons”. From 1949 to 2024, there were 867 “summer typhoons”, making it the most active season for typhoons. “Autumn typhoons” totalled 859, accounting for 49.8% of typhoons of each year, and ranking the second-most active period, China Media Group reported.
Ragasa is an “autumn typhoon”. According to weather data from 1949 to 2024, “autumn typhoons” tend to be stronger and have a greater effect compared to the summer ones, according to CMG.
From August to September, the tropical (热带的) ocean temperatures in the Northern Hemisphere (半球) reach the highest point, creating good conditions for typhoon formation and energy increase. As autumn sets in, cold air becomes more active, speeding up the wind near the typhoon’s center, further leading to the intensification of the storm. As a result, the possibility of severe or super typhoons happening in the autumn is higher. Additionally, the combination of “autumn typhoons” and cold air can cause intense rainfall, leading to more severe disasters.
11．How does the writer start the passage
A．By listing numbers. B．By giving an example.
C．By stating a fact. D．By telling a story.
12．What might happen in early October based on the passage
A．Ragasa would return with stronger winds.
B．Another typhoon could bring wind and rain.
C．The South China Sea would become calm.
D．Summer typhoons would start to form.
13．What can we infer from Paragraph 3 about Ragasa
A．Once a typhoon weakens, it causes no more danger at all.
B．Typhoons in autumn are much stronger than summer ones.
C．Most typhoons happen during the autumn season each year.
D．The period from June to August sees the most typhoons.
14．What does the underlined word “intensification” most likely mean in paragraph 5
A．The process of becoming stronger.
B．The movement of changing direction
C．The process of becoming weaker.
D．The stop of all storm activities.
15．What is the main purpose of this passage
A．To compare summer typhoons with autumn typhoons.
B．To explain why autumn typhoons are stronger.
C．To provide general knowledge about a super typhoon.
D．To warn people about the disasters caused by typhoons.
B
It may sound hard to believe that animals can predict earthquakes, but many events seem to support this idea.
The earliest record we have of unusual animal behaviour before a big earthquake is from Greece in 373 BC． Rats and weasels (黄鼠狼) reportedly left their homes and headed for safety several days before a powerful earthquake.
On 4th February 1975, Chinese officials ordered people in Haicheng, Liaoning Province to leave their homes and stay outdoors. They believed a disaster was coming, partly because of animals’ strange behaviour. For example, people reported seeing groups of toads (蟾蜍) appear in the streets and hibernating (冬眠的) snakes coming out of the ground. Just hours later, a large 7. 3-magnitude earthquake rocked the city.
Another example happened in December 2004 in a national park in Sri Lanka. The animals seemed to sense that something was wrong that day. The birds flew away for no reason, and the elephants ran to higher ground. A few minutes later, there was a huge earthquake deep under the sea.
However, scientists say that while these are interesting examples of animals behaving strangely before earthquakes, it doesn’t necessarily mean that animals have the ability to predict all disasters. It could just be a reaction. All animals have the instinct (本能) to avoid dangers.
So how do they do it Well, animals have highly developed senses that allow them to pick up on environmental changes that we might not even notice. Some have extremely strong hearing or smell, while others can detect changes in atmospheric pressure (大气压). For example, fish can sense changes in water pressure, so they may jump out of the water or swim in unusual ways before an earthquake.
Although scientists may not agree on animals’ special ability, it doesn’t hurt to pay a little more attention to the animals around you.
16．What scene could be seen before the earthquake in Greece in 373 BC
A．B．C．D．
17．Why did officials ask people in Haicheng to stay outdoors
A．To get the snakes off the streets. B．To get away from the earthquake.
C．To celebrate the coming of winter. D．To watch the strange behaviour of animals.
18．Animals in the national park in Sri Lanka behaved strangely because ________.
A．they were trying to get away from the staff B．they were fighting among themselves
C．they sensed that danger was coming D．they were scared by the earthquake
19．What does the underlined word “detect” in Paragraph 6 mean
A．Notice. B．Prevent. C．Reflect. D．Cause.
20．Which of the following might the author agree with
A．We shouldn’t trust animals.
B．We can use animal behaviour as a reminder.
C．We need to study the special abilities of animals.
D．We should pay no attention to animals’ strange behaviour.
C
2025 Could Be the Hottest Year in History
Data (数据) shows that 2024 was the hottest year since 1961. The average temperature in the country reached 10.92℃ last year, which is 1.03℃ higher than the usual average, according to official records.
Global warming is the main reason for China’s higher-than-normal temperatures. It has caused rising sea levels, melting ice, and more extreme (极端的) weather, including longer heat waves and fewer cold days. The El Ni o phenomenon (厄尔尼诺现象) —the warming of water in the Pacific Ocean—also adds to rising temperatures.
A 1℃ rise in temperature has a strong influence on nature. Sea levels may rise by 2.3 meters over time, putting coastal areas in danger. Higher temperatures also harm wild crops and bring more pests (害虫). Some animals and plants may die out. Higher temperatures may temporarily increase crop production in some places. However, in the long term, farming will face bigger changes and possible decreases.
Illnesses related to heat, like heatstroke (热射病), is becoming more common. Longer heat waves lead to higher death rates, showing the need for better healthcare and ways to prevent harm.
The year 2025 seems to continue with higher-than-normal temperatures. On New Year’s Day, temperatures in areas south of the Yangtze River were over 15℃, far from the cold usually expected in winter. To deal with these problems, experts suggest developing technology to follow and predict extreme weather, like heat waves, to reduce risks.
21．How does the writer introduce the topic
A．By sharing experts’ opinion. B．By showing official data.
C．By giving examples of extreme weather. D．By telling a personal story.
22．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A．What global warming is.
B．What extreme weather is.
C．What causes China’s higher-than-normal temperatures.
D．What the El Ni o phenomenon is.
23．What does the word “temporarily” mean
A．In a special period. B．For a short time. C．At the same time. D．For a long time.
24．Which of the following is TRUE according to the last paragraph
A．China will experience a colder-than-usual winter in 2025.
B．On New Year’s Day, temperatures all over China were over 15℃.
C．Global warming has no influence on nature.
D．High-tech products may deal with problems caused by the rising temperatures.
25．What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To guess the exact temperature of 2025.
B．To explain the causes and effects of rising temperatures.
C．To point out that people don’t do enough to fight climate change.
D．To compare the weather in different parts of China.
D
In early 2008, it was still winter in the northern hemisphere, but because of the “La Ni a” phenomenon, southern China had a lot of humid (潮湿) air. This met with cold air from the north, especially south of the Yangtze River. Normally, in the spring, this mix of air can lead to heavy rains, but since it was winter, the humid air met the cold weather and caused a lot of snow and freezing temperatures in southern China.
Snow is very rare in most parts of southern China, and people there usually worry about droughts (干旱) or floods, not snow or ice. But in early January 2008, snow started to fall in some southern areas. People were surprised at first, but when strong winds mixed with the snow, it turned into a disaster.
Starting in January, over 20 provinces in central and western China had heavy snow for nearly a month. The snow and ice caused serious problems with transportation, electricity, and communications. The snow was followed by ice, which was even worse. The ice built up, causing buildings to collapse, cars to freeze, and roads to block (封锁). In some areas, the power lines broke, and trains could not run.
Chenzhou in southern Hunan was one of the worst-hit places. The city lost electricity, and everything stopped. As the Spring Festival came, millions of people were stuck in trains or at train stations. The roads were blocked, and food and water were hard to find. The government quickly sent rescue teams to help, and people worked together to survive.
The snowstorm affected millions of people and caused great damage. But it led to big improvements in China’s infrastructure (基建). It helped develop stronger power lines, more high-speed trains, and better weather forecasting. These changes have made disaster management easier and reduced the risk of future problems.
26．What caused the snowstorm in southern China in early 2008
A．The “La Ni a” phenomenon. B．Heavy rains during the winter season.
C．Strong winds from the north. D．A change in seasonal weather patterns.
27．What was unusual about the snowstorm in southern China
A．It happened in summer. B．Snow is rare in southern China.
C．It mainly affected northern China. D．It was caused by a typhoon.
28．What was the main impact of the snowstorm on transportation
A．Trains stopped running, and roads were blocked.
B．More trains were added to help with transportation.
C．Flights became more frequent in affected areas.
D．People could travel by bus more easily.
29．What improvements were made in China after the snowstorm
A．More high-speed trains, stronger power lines, and better weather forecasting.
B．Roads were built higher to prevent flooding and improve safety.
C．The government started building more schools to improve education.
D．Enough Food and water were well prepared in case of disasters.
30．What does the last paragraph teach us
A．Weather forecasting is not important for disaster management.
B．Snowstorms always cause very serious damage.
C．The government should focus on better healthcare.
D．Disasters can lead to positive changes and improvements.
第三部分 信息还原（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Natural disasters (灾害) are a part of our world. They can cause great harm to people and the environment. 31
Earthquakes happen when the Earth’s crust moves. They can make buildings fall and hurt many people. In 2008, the Wenchuan earthquake in China brought huge losses. 32 We should stay away from windows and heavy things when it happens. If we’re outside, we should stay an open area.
Floods are also common. Heavy rain can cause floods. 33 They can wash away houses and bridges. When a flood comes, we must move to higher places quickly. We should also prepare some food and water in advance.
Typhoons are strong winds with rain. They often come in summer. Typhoons can blow down trees and destroy houses. 34 We need to close windows and stay inside when a typhoon is nearby.
35 We can’t stop them from happening, but we can learn how to protect ourselves. By knowing what to do in different disasters, we can reduce the damage and stay safe.
A．We can use the same way to face different disasters.
B．These floods can cover large areas of land.
C．We should listen to weather reports and be ready for them.
D．So earthquakes are one of the most serious natural disasters.
E．People can’t do anything when natural disasters happen.
F．In short, natural disasters are always around us.
G．However, people can do something when natural disasters happen.
第四部分 词汇运用（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
第一节 根据下列句子所给汉语注释或首字母，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。
36．After drinking two cups of coffee, I was wide ________ (醒着的) for the next 10 hours.
37．She asked everyone to stop talking and listen ________. (立刻)
38．Is the dog ________ (活着) after the earthquake
39．The environment in our city is destroyed ________ (严重地).
40．The ________ (地震) is one of the most terrible natural disasters. Its results can be very serious.
41．All of us don’t know if she was d________ or alive.
42．I need a football c________ to teach me how to play football well.
43．Can you tell me the names of the o________ in English in this room
44．It’s good m_________ to help people when they are in trouble.
45．I like Movie Plaza because it has the biggest s_______. So you can see the most clearly.
请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。
they, call, safe, without, hero, on, during, road, alone, brave, public, make
During Typhoon “Huajiasha”, Taishan faced a natural disaster of great power. To keep everyone 46 , the government announced the “Five Stops” order. This meant all 47 activities were stopped and people had to stay indoors.
In a mountain village, a young couple were 48 at home when the wife suddenly went into a coma (陷入昏迷). The storm was so strong that no one could come to help them immediately. They felt scared and helpless. This was a true test of staying 49 and calm during an emergency (紧急情况).
Upon hearing the news, a team of special police and doctors set off to the village 50 any hesitation (犹豫). They managed to get through the dangerous 51 and finally reached the family. Thanks to 52 heroic efforts, a healthy baby boy was born 53 the storm.
To remember this special event and thank the 54 , the parents decided to 55 their son “Tingfeng”, which means the sound of thunder and the spirit of a pioneer. This story has warmed the hearts of people all over the country.
第五部分 短文填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，根据上下文或括号内单词等提示，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。
Over the last two days, much of Spain has been coated with dust, and the skies 56 (turn) bright orange. A huge cloud of dust from the Sahara Desert is causing the strange weather. The dust cloud is 57 (expect) to spread to other parts of Europe.
Across much of Spain on Tuesday morning, a thin layer (层) of red dust coated everything outside. From streets to sidewalks, everything was covered with a layer of dust. This included cars, buses, trees, and plants.
As the sun rose, the dust in the air turned the skies in some cities bright orange. The cause of the dust and unusual sky color wasn’t a forest fire, 58 dust from the Sahara Desert.
Every year a large cloud of dust rises from the Sahara Desert. It’s called the Saharan Air Layer. Usually, it crosses the Atlantic Ocean as part of a 59 (nature) cycle that helps develop farmland and 60 (beach) in Central and South America.
But sometimes, 61 (depend) on the weather, the layer of dust gets forced to the north. Large sandstorms in northern Africa lift sand and dust into the air, 62 it gets blown toward Spain. This kind of storm is so strong that it can be seen from space. It’s like a river of dust in the air.
Spain’s weather service described the dust storm as “very intense”. At one point on Tuesday, the air quality in Madrid was the 63 (bad) in the world. Government health experts warned people not to go outside 64 a mask, and to keep their windows and doors closed at home.
Some weather experts warn 65 (serious) that climate change could make dust storms from the Sahara desert even more intense in the future.
阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。
When disaster strikes, such as earthquakes, floods or fires, it’s important to know how to keep safe. Here are some safety tips for different disasters.
First, for earthquakes.
When an earthquake happens, if you are indoors, you should stay calm and hide under a strong table or desk quickly. You should stay away from windows, mirrors and heavy furniture (家具) because they may fall down and hurt you. Don’t use the lift. If you are outdoors, you should stay away from buildings, trees and power lines. You should stand in an open area and wait for the earthquake to stop.
Second, for floods.
If there is a flood warning, you should move to higher ground quickly. You should take important things with you, such as food, water and clothes. Don’t walk or drive through deep water because you may be washed away. Don’t swim in floodwater because it’s dangerous.
Third, for fires.
When a fire breaks out, you should cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel to avoid breathing in smoke. You should stay low to the ground because smoke rises. You should use the stairs instead of the lift. If you can’t get out, you should stay in a room with the door closed and call for help. Don’t jump out of the window unless it’s the only way to get out of a fire.
It’s important to remember these safety methods. They can help us keep safe when disasters strike.
66．What should you do indoors when an earthquake happens (两种情况即可得分)
67．If there is a flood, where should we move to
68．Why shouldn’t we swim in floods
69．How can you protect yourself from smoke if a fire breaks out (两种情况即可得分)
70．What should you do if you cannot get out of a fire
书面表达（共1题；满分25分）
71．学校创办的英文专刊正以“How Much do You Know about Earthquake”为题征集稿件，请围绕以下视角写一篇稿件投稿。
要点：
1．在2023年12月18日，甘肃发生了一场大的地震，很多人无家可归；
2．地震经常发生在板块活跃的区域，主要是由板块之间的运动造成的；
3．地震很难预测，但也有一些信号，比如动物行为异常，水位变化等；
4．地震的破坏性很大，会造成建筑物倒塌、人员伤亡、财物损失等情况；
5．我们平时要多了解关于地震的相关知识，降低地震带来的破坏性。
提示：板块运动：plate【C】 水位：water level 降低：lower 【V.】 破坏性：destructiveness【U】
要求：1）所写内容必须包括要点中所提供的信息，并可作适当的发挥。
2）词数80词左右，不得出现真实的人名、校名、地名等相关信息。
How Much do You Know about Earthquake
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参考答案及试题解析
1．B 2．A 3．A 4．D 5．C 6．B 7．B 8．A 9．D 10．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了台风的危害以及台风来临前、来临时和过后的安全防护措施，旨在提醒人们做好充分准备以保护自身和家人的安全。
1．句意：台风是带有强风和暴雨的强大风暴。
light轻的；powerful强大的；quiet安静的；much多的。根据“with strong winds and heavy rain”可知，台风是很强大的。故选B。
2．句意：它们常在夏秋季节袭击海南，并带来如洪水和树木折断等危险。
dangers危险；chances机会；messages信息；news新闻。根据“like floods and broken trees”可知，是带来危险。故选A。
3．句意：以下是一些关于在台风期间保持安全的建议。
on关于；in在……里；from来自；at在……点。根据“Here is some advice...staying safe around typhoons.”可知，这是一些关于在台风期间保持安全的建议。“关于某事的建议”用advice on/about sth.，固定搭配。故选A。
4．句意：首先，收听天气预报以了解风暴何时到达。
go去；get得到；turn转变；arrive到达。根据“know when the storm will...”可知， 知道风暴何时到达。故选D。
5．句意：同时，确保你的门窗是关闭的。
big大的；open打开的；closed关闭的；small小的。台风来临时，应关好门窗以防风雨。故选C。
6．句意：待在室内，远离窗户——强风可能会打破窗户。
make制造；break打破；fix修理；keep保持。由“strong winds”可知，强风可能导致窗户“破碎”。故选B。
7．句意：如果洪水进入家中，立即转移到更高的地方。
closer更近的；higher更高的；farther更远的；lower更低的。根据“ If floodwaters enter your home, move to a...place at once.”可知，洪水来时应转移到“更高的”地方。故选B。
8．句意：在帮助清理时，戴上手套并向成年人求助以确保安全。
clean up清理；use up用光；give up放弃；look up查阅。根据“Check around carefully for dangers such as broken glass.”可知，台风过后可能需要“清理”环境。故选A。
9．句意：台风可能是危险的，但做好充分准备能挽救生命！
because因为；and和，表并列；or或者，表选择；but但是，表转折。由“can be dangerous”和“being well prepared”可知前后句意存在转折关系。故选D。
10．句意：记住，做出正确的决定有助于保证你的安全。
make动词原形；made过去式；makes第三人称单数；making动名词/现在分词。由“the right decision can”可知，此处应该为动名词短语作主语。故选D。
11．C 12．B 13．D 14．A 15．C
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了2025年第18号超强台风“桦加沙”（Ragasa）的基本情况，探讨了秋台风的特点、强度成因（如海洋温度高、冷空气活跃等），并提醒持续警惕后续灾害。
11．推理判断题。根据文章开头“Ragasa, the 18th typhoon of 2025, was a super typhoon with the maximum wind near the center reaching above level 17.”可知，作者通过陈述一个事实（台风Ragasa的基本信息）来开始文章。故选C。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段“...another typhoon moving west into the South China Sea could affect the area in early October and might bring further wind and rain...”可知，十月初可能有另一个台风带来风雨。故选B。
13．推理判断题。根据第三段“From 1949 to 2024, there were 867 ‘summer typhoons’, making it the most active season for typhoons.”可知，从六月到八月（夏季）是台风最活跃的季节。故选D。
14．词句猜测题。根据第五段“As autumn sets in, cold air becomes more active, speeding up the wind near the typhoon’s center, further leading to the intensification of the storm.”可知，冷空气活动加速台风中心附近的风速，进一步导致风暴的“增强”。“intensification”在这里表示“加强，强化”的意思。故选A。
15．主旨大意题。全文围绕超强台风Ragasa展开，介绍了其强度、可能影响、所属的秋台风类别特点以及秋台风更强的科学原因，旨在提供关于这个超强台风的一般性知识。故选C。
16．C 17．B 18．C 19．A 20．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了动物在地震前表现出异常行为的现象，并探讨了动物是否具有预测地震的能力。
16．细节理解题。根据“The earliest record we have of unusual animal behaviour before a big earthquake is from Greece in 373 BC. Rats and weasels (黄鼠狼) reportedly left their homes and headed for safety several days before a powerful earthquake.”可知，公元前373年希腊地震前，老鼠和黄鼠狼离开了它们的家园，前往安全的地方。故选C。
17．细节理解题。根据“On 4th February 1975, Chinese officials ordered people in Haicheng, Liaoning Province to leave their homes and stay outdoors. They believed a disaster was coming...”可知，官员们要求人们待在户外是为了躲避即将到来的灾难。故选B。
18．细节理解题。根据“Another example happened in December 2004 in a national park in Sri Lanka. The animals seemed to sense that something was wrong that day.”可知，斯里兰卡国家公园的动物们表现出异常行为是因为它们感知到了危险即将来临。故选C。
19．词义猜测题。根据“...while others can detect changes in atmospheric pressure (大气压). For example, fish can sense changes in water pressure...”可知，此处举例的鱼能察觉到变化，由此可知此处指其他动物能察觉到变化，detect的意思是“察觉”或“注意到”。故选A。
20．推理判断题。根据“...it doesn’t hurt to pay a little more attention to the animals around you.”可知，多关注一下周围的动物并没有什么坏处，由此可知作者认为动物的行为也不是完全不可信的，可以将动物的异常行为作为一种提醒。故选B。
21．B 22．C 23．B 24．D 25．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要阐述全球变暖和厄尔尼诺现象致中国气温异常升高及其对自然、农业、健康等方面的影响，并提及2025年气温持续偏高趋势及专家应对建议。
21．细节理解题。根据“Data (数据) shows that 2024 was the hottest year since 1961. The average temperature in the country reached 10.92℃ last year, which is 1.03℃ higher than the usual average, according to official records.”可知，作者是通过展示官方数据来引入话题的。故选B。
22．主旨大意题。根据“Global warming is the main reason for China’s higher-than-normal temperatures. It has caused rising sea levels, melting ice, and more extreme (极端的) weather, including longer heat waves and fewer cold days. The El Ni o phenomenon (厄尔尼诺现象) —the warming of water in the Pacific Ocean—also adds to rising temperatures.”可知，第二段主要讲的是导致中国气温高于正常水平的原因。故选C。
23．词义猜测题。根据“Some animals and plants may die out. Higher temperatures may temporarily increase crop production in some places. However, in the long term, farming will face bigger changes and possible decreases.”可知，此处是说高温可能会在某些地方暂时增加作物产量，但从长远来看，农业将面临更大的变化和可能的减产，“temporarily”意为“暂时地，短时间地”，与“For a short time.”意思相近。故选B。
24．推理判断题。根据“To deal with these problems, experts suggest developing technology to follow and predict extreme weather, like heat waves, to reduce risks.”可知，高科技产品可能会处理由气温上升引起的问题，D选项正确。故选D。
25．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了中国气温高于正常水平的原因（全球变暖和厄尔尼诺现象）以及气温上升带来的影响（对自然、农业、人类健康等方面），所以这篇文章的主要目的是解释气温上升的原因和影响。故选B。
26．A 27．B 28．A 29．A 30．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了2008年初中国南方雪灾由“拉尼娜”现象导致罕见暴雪及冰冻天气 。这场灾害对交通、电力及民生造成严重破坏，但促使中国加强基建，包括升级电网、发展高铁和提升气象预报能力 。
26．细节理解题。根据“but because of the “La Ni a” phenomenon, southern China had a lot of humid (潮湿) air.”可知，雪暴是由于拉尼娜现象导致的潮湿空气与北方冷空气相遇而产生的。故选A。
27．细节理解题。根据“Snow is very rare in most parts of southern China”可知，暴风雪在中国南方是不寻常的。故选B。
28．细节理解题。根据“The snow and ice caused serious problems with transportation, electricity, and communications. The snow was followed by ice, which was even worse. The ice built up, causing buildings to collapse, cars to freeze, and roads to block (封锁).”可知，雪暴导致火车停运和道路封锁。故选A。
29．细节理解题。根据“It helped develop stronger power lines, more high-speed trains, and better weather forecasting”可知，雪暴之后中国在高速铁路、电力线路和天气预报方面进行的改进。故选A。
30．推理判断题。根据“But it led to big improvements in China’s infrastructure.”可知，灾害虽然带来了破坏，但也促使了中国基础设施的改进，即灾难可以带来积极的变化和改善。故选D。
31．G 32．D 33．B 34．C 35．F
【导语】本文主要介绍了自然灾害以及人们在自然灾害发生时可以做的事情。
31．根据“Natural disasters (灾害) are a part of our world. They can cause great harm to people and the environment.”可知，此处应是说虽然自然灾害会带来危害，但人们并非完全无能为力，选项G“然而，当自然灾害发生时，人们可以做一些事情。”符合语境，引出了下文关于应对自然灾害的描述。故选G。
32．根据“Earthquakes happen when the Earth’s crust moves. They can make buildings fall and hurt many people. In 2008, the Wenchuan earthquake in China brought huge losses.”可知，此处应是说地震带来的危害大，所以地震属于严重的自然灾害，选项D“所以地震是最严重的自然灾害之一。”符合语境。故选D。
33．根据“Floods are also common. Heavy rain can cause floods.”以及“They can wash away houses and bridges.”可知，此处应是说洪水造成的影响，选项B“这些洪水可以淹没大片土地。”符合语境。故选B。
34．根据“Typhoons are strong winds with rain. They often come in summer. Typhoons can blow down trees and destroy houses.”以及“We need to close windows and stay inside when a typhoon is nearby.”可知，此处应是说面对台风等自然灾害，人们应该提前做好准备，选项C“我们应该听天气预报并做好准备。”符合语境。故选C。
35．根据“We can’t stop them from happening, but we can learn how to protect ourselves. By knowing what to do in different disasters, we can reduce the damage and stay safe.”可知，此处应是对全文进行总结，强调自然灾害总是在我们身边，我们要学会保护自己，选项F“总之，自然灾害总是在我们身边。”符合语境。故选F。
36．awake
【解析】句意：喝完两杯咖啡后，我接下来10个小时都完全醒着的。“醒着的”awake，此处为形容词作表语。故填awake。
37．at once/immediately
【解析】句意：她要求大家立即停止谈话，听她说。根据中文提示，可知是at once/immediately“立刻”，修饰动词listen。故填at once/immediately。
38．alive
【解析】句意：地震后那条狗还活着吗？alive“活着的”，形容词作表语。故填alive。
39．badly
【解析】句意：我们城市的环境被严重破坏。“严重地”badly，副词修饰动词。故填badly。
40．earthquake
【解析】句意：地震是最可怕的自然灾害之一。其后果可能非常严重。earthquake“地震”，可数名词。结合本句be动词is为三单形式，所以主语应用单数形式，与之对应。故填earthquake。
41．(d)ead
【解析】句意：我们都不知道她是死是活。根据“she was...or alive”及首字母提示可知，此处应用形容词；dead“逝去的”，形容词，作表语。故填(d)ead。
42．(c)oach
【解析】句意：我需要一名足球教练来教我如何踢好足球。根据“I need a football c... to teach me how to play football well.”和首字母可知，此处应表示的是“一名足球教练”，所以此空应填入名词的单数形式coach“教练”。故填(c)oach。
43．(o)bjects
【解析】句意：你能用英语告诉我这个房间里物品的名字吗？根据“the names of the … in English in this room”及首字母可知，此处指房间里物品的名字，object“物品”，根据names可知，此空也应填名词复数形式，故填(o)bjects。
44．(m)anners
【解析】句意：在人们遇到困难时帮助他们是一种礼貌。根据“It’s good…to help people when they are in trouble.”以及首字母提示可知，manner意为“礼貌”，名词，此处应用复数形式。故填(m)anners。
45．(s)creen
【解析】句意：我喜欢Plaza影院，因为它有最大的屏幕。所以你可以看得最清楚。根据“So you can see the most clearly.”和首字母s可知，要想看得清楚，应是有大屏幕，screen“屏幕”，故填(s)creen。
46．safe 47．public 48．alone 49．brave 50．without 51．roads 52．their 53．during 54．heroes 55．call
【导语】本文讲述了台风“华沙”期间，泰山遭遇强自然灾害，一对山村夫妇在家中遭遇紧急情况，特警和医生团队无畏艰险前往救援，最终婴儿平安降生，夫妇为感谢救援人员给孩子取名“听风”的暖心故事。
46．句意：为了保障所有人的安全，政府宣布了“五停”令。根据“keep everyone”和备选词可知，此处指保障人们的安全，safe“安全的”符合语境。故填safe。
47．句意：这意味着所有公共活动都将停止，人们必须待在室内。根据“activities were stopped”和备选词可知，此处指停止各类公共活动，public“公共的”符合语境，在此处修饰名词activities。故填public。
48．句意：在一个山村，一对年轻夫妇独自在家时，妻子突然陷入昏迷。根据“a young couple were…at home”和备选词可知，指夫妇二人独自在家，alone“独自地”符合语境。故填alone。
49．句意：这是对紧急情况下保持勇敢和冷静的真正考验。根据“staying…and calm”和备选词可知，此处指在紧急情况中保持勇敢，brave“勇敢的”符合语境。故填 brave。
50．句意：得知消息后，一支特警和医生队伍毫不犹豫地出发前往村庄。根据“set off…any hesitation”和备选词可知，此处指一支特警和医生队伍毫不犹豫地出发前往村庄，without hesitation“毫不犹豫”，固定搭配。故填without。
51．句意：他们成功穿过了危险的道路，最终抵达了这户人家。根据“get through the dangerous” 和备选词可知，指台风中危险的道路，road“道路”符合语境，路不止一条，应用复数。故填roads。
52．句意：多亏了他们的英勇努力，一个健康的男婴在暴风雨期间降生了。根据“Thanks to…heroic efforts”和备选词可知，此处需填形容词性物主代词指代前文的special police and doctors，应用they“他们”的形容词性物主代词their“他们的”。故填their。
53．句意：多亏了他们的英勇努力，一个健康的男婴在暴风雨期间降生了。根据“was born…the storm”和备选词可知，指婴儿在台风期间出生，during“在……期间”符合语境。故填during。
54．句意：为了纪念这一特殊事件并感谢这些英雄，父母决定给他们的儿子取名“听风”。根据“thank the”和备选词可知，此处需填名词复数指代救援的特警和医生，hero“英雄”的复数形式 heroes“英雄们”符合语境。故填heroes。
55．句意：为了纪念这一特殊事件并感谢这些英雄，父母决定给他们的儿子取名“听风”。根据“decided to…their son ‘Tingfeng’”和备选词可知，此处指给他们的儿子取名，call“称呼、命名”符合语境，动词不定式后接动词原形。故填call。
56．have turned 57．expected 58．but 59．natural 60．beaches 61．depending 62．and 63．worst 64．without 65．seriously
【导语】本文主要讲述了西班牙近期遭遇的撒哈拉沙漠沙尘暴天气。
56．句意：过去两天，西班牙大部分地区被灰尘覆盖，天空变成了明亮的橙色。根据“Over the last two days”可知，句子时态是现在完成时，主语是复数，have turned符合句意，故填have turned。
57．句意：预计沙尘云将蔓延到欧洲其他地区。根据“The dust cloud is”可知，此处是一般现在时的被动语态，需要过去分词，expected符合句意，故填expected。
58．句意：造成这种灰尘和异常天空颜色的不是森林火灾，而是来自撒哈拉沙漠的沙尘。根据“dust from the Sahara Desert”可知，前后转折关系，but符合句意，故填but。
59．句意：通常，它会横跨大西洋，作为一种自然循环的一部分，帮助中美洲和南美洲发展农田和海滩。根据“cycle that helps develop farmland”可知，形容词作定语，natural符合句意，故填natural。
60．句意：通常，它会横跨大西洋，作为一种自然循环的一部分，帮助中美洲和南美洲发展农田和海滩。根据“develop farmland and”可知，发展海滩，beach是可数名词，此处需要复数，故填beaches。
61．句意：但有时，根据天气情况，沙尘层会被迫向北移动。根据“the layer of dust gets forced to the north”可知，句子已有谓语动词，此处是非谓语，现在分词作状语，depending符合句意，故填depending。
62．句意：北非的大型沙尘暴将沙尘吹到空中，并被吹向西班牙。根据“it gets blown toward Spain”可知，前后顺承关系，and符合句意，故填and。
63．句意：周二某个时刻，马德里的空气质量是全球最差的。根据“was the”可知，需要最高级，worst符合句意，故填worst。
64．句意：政府卫生专家警告人们不要不戴口罩外出，并建议在家时关好门窗。根据“Government health experts warned people not to go outside”可知，不戴口罩不要外出，without符合句意，故填without。
65．句意：一些气象专家严肃警告，气候变化可能使未来来自撒哈拉沙漠的沙尘暴更加剧烈。根据“Some weather experts warn”可知，副词修饰动词，seriously符合句意，故填seriously。
66．Stay calm and hide under a strong table or desk quickly. Stay away from windows, mirrors and heavy furniture. Don’t use the lift.（任选两种即可） 67．Higher ground. 68．Because it’s dangerous. 69．Cover my mouth and nose with a wet towel. Stay low to the ground. 70．Stay in a room with the door closed and call for help.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在地震、洪水和火灾等灾害发生时如何保持安全，并提供了一些具体的安全建议。
66．根据第二段“…if you are indoors, you should stay calm and hide under a strong table or desk quickly. You should stay away from windows, mirrors and heavy furniture because they may fall down and hurt you.”可知，地震时在室内应保持冷静、迅速躲到结实的桌子或书桌下，并远离窗户、镜子和重家具。此外，该部分还提到“Don’t use the lift.” (不要使用电梯)。故填Stay calm and hide under a strong table or desk quickly. Stay away from windows, mirrors and heavy furniture. Don’t use the lift. (任选两种即可)
67．根据第三段“If there is a flood warning, you should move to higher ground quickly.”可知，如果有洪水预警，应该迅速转移到高地。故填Higher ground.
68．根据第三段“Don’t swim in floodwater because it’s dangerous.”可知，不要在洪水中游泳，因为这很危险。故填Because it’s dangerous.
69．根据第四段“When a fire breaks out, you should cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel to avoid breathing in smoke. You should stay low to the ground because smoke rises.”可知，火灾发生时，可以用湿毛巾捂住口鼻以避免吸入烟雾；应该尽量贴近地面，因为烟雾会上升。题目要求回答两种情况，故可以填Cover my mouth and nose with a wet towel. Stay low to the ground.
70．根据第四段“If you can’t get out, you should stay in a room with the door closed and call for help.”可知，如果无法逃出火灾现场，应该待在门关着的房间里并呼救。故填Stay in a room with the door closed and call for help.
71．例文
How Much do You Know about Earthquake
On December 18th, 2023, a devastating earthquake struck Gansu, leaving many homeless and in despair. Earthquakes happen when the ground shakes because of the movement of the earth’s plates. These plates are always moving, but sometimes they move a lot and cause earthquakes.
It’s not easy to predict when an earthquake will happen, but there are some signs. Animals might act strangely, and water levels might change. Earthquakes can be very destructive. They can make buildings fall down, hurt people, and cause people to lose their things.
We should learn about earthquakes so we can be safer. Knowing about how plates move and what signs to look for can help us get ready. Let’s learn more about earthquakes to reduce their harm.
【解析】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：一般现在时和一般过去时；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考试应注意要求中的内容，充实细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，通过甘肃地震，引入话题；
第二步，具体介绍地震产生的原因，发生时候可能出现的现象以及产生的后果；
第三步，呼吁多学习地震相关知识和安全措施。
[亮点词汇]
①devastating 毁灭性的
②homeless无家可归的
③in despair在绝望中
④movement移动，活动
⑤predict预测
⑥destructive破坏性的
[高分句型]
①Earthquakes happen when the ground shakes because of the movement of the earth’s plates. (时间状语从句)
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